Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of British Columbia

BC Transportation Financing Authority v. Doe

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The court granted the interim injunction because the applicants demonstrated the RJR-MacDonald factors were met: there was a serious issue, imminent risk of irreparable harm and serious disruption to public access and safety from a planned blockade of a major highway used by approximately 57,000 vehicles daily, and the balance of convenience favored preventing unlawful blockades while allowing lawful protest in designated areas.

Court disposition

Interim injunction granted (ex parte)

Orders

  • Interim injunction enjoining the unlawful impediment, obstruction or blockade of Highway 17 (Patricia Bay Highway)
  • Order includes a police enforcement clause permitting enforcement of the injunction
  • No temporal limit placed on the order
  • Province to identify designated areas along Highway 17 where protesters may lawfully assemble without impeding access

02

Material facts

Parties

BC Transportation Financing Authority

Plaintiff Counsel: M. Weintraub; M. Kleisinger

Her Majesty the Queen In the Right of The Province of British Columbia

Plaintiff Counsel: M. Weintraub; M. Kleisinger

The Attorney General of British Columbia

Plaintiff Counsel: M. Weintraub; M. Kleisinger

Jane Doe

Defendant

John Doe

Defendant

Other Unknown Persons

Defendant

Amounts and remedies

  • Average Vehicles Per Day on Highway 17: 57,000
  • Planned Protest Duration (hours): 3

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Ex Parte Urgent Application for Interim Injunction / Oral Ruling (in Chambers), Interlocutory

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Applicants sought an urgent ex parte interim injunction to enjoin planned unlawful impediment of Highway 17 based on social media and media reports of a planned shutdown between 2:00 and 5:00 p.m.; argued the highway is critical infrastructure carrying approximately 57,000 vehicles per day, that a shutdown would cause significant disruption and safety risks, that the RJR-MacDonald test is met, and requested a police enforcement clause and designation of safe protest areas
Respondent
No responding argument was presented in court; the judgment records an acknowledgment that the right to protest and expressive conduct by lawful means exists but that trespass and unlawful blockades can be lawfully curtailed; potential Charter-based defenses were noted but not advanced in response

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    RJR-MacDonald (Supreme Court of Canada)

    RJR-MacDonald three-part test for interlocutory injunctions (serious issue to be tried, irreparable harm, balance of convenience)

  2. 02

    Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms s.2(b) / common law principles

    Freedom of expression and peaceful assembly protected but subject to lawful limits

  3. 03

    Common law injunctive relief jurisprudence

    Courts may include police enforcement clauses in injunctions to prevent unlawful blockades and protect public safety

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court granted the interim injunction because the applicants demonstrated the RJR-MacDonald factors were met: there was a serious issue, imminent risk of irreparable harm and serious disruption to public access and safety from a planned blockade of a major highway used by approximately 57,000 vehicles daily, and the balance of convenience favored preventing unlawful blockades while allowing lawful protest in designated areas.

Obiter and limits

  • Court expressly acknowledged the constitutional right to protest but limited it to lawful means
  • Court indicated designated areas along Highway 17 where protesters may lawfully assemble without impeding traffic
  • Court noted the appropriateness of a police enforcement clause and that no temporal limit was imposed on the interim order

Court disposition

Interim injunction granted (ex parte)

  • Interim injunction enjoining the unlawful impediment, obstruction or blockade of Highway 17 (Patricia Bay Highway)
  • Order includes a police enforcement clause permitting enforcement of the injunction
  • No temporal limit placed on the order
  • Province to identify designated areas along Highway 17 where protesters may lawfully assemble without impeding access

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of British Columbia · 26 February 2020

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Judgment· 26 February 2020

2020 BCSC 320

2020 BCSC 320 BC Transportation Financing Authority v. Doe

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Citation: BC Transportation Financing Authority v. Doe, 2020 BCSC 320 Date: 20200226 Docket: S-200865 Registry: Victoria Between: BC Transportation Financing Authority, Her Majesty the Queen In the Right of The Province of British Columbia, The Attorney General of British Columbia Plaintiffs And: Jane Doe, John Doe, Other Unknown Persons Defendants Before: The Honourable Madam Justice Murray Oral Ruling on Application (In Chambers) Counsel for Plaintiffs: M. Weintraub M. Kleisinger No other appearances Place and Date of Hearing: Victoria, B.C. February 26, 2020 Place and Date of Judgment: Victoria, B.C. February 26, 2020 [1] THE COURT: This is an urgent ex parte application by the Attorney General of British Columbia, the Province of British Columbia, and the BC Transportation Financing Authority, for an interim injunction enjoining the unlawful impediment of Highway 17 in Victoria. [2] It has come to the attention of the applicants that a protest is planned for this afternoon, between 2:00 p.m. and 5:00 p.m., on Highway 17, which is also known as the Patricia Bay or Pat Bay Highway. I have been taken to copies of social media posts advertising the planned protest. The posts include the following: ATTENTION!!! PROTEST WED.THE 26TH 2 TILL 5

SHUTTING PATBAY HIGHWAY DOWN!!!

BRING UR DANCERS

DRUMS

GRAMMAS

GRAMPAS

SIGNS WE ARE HELPING WET'SUWE'TEN BAND ... EVERY ONE COME WELCOME!!! [3] The posts have been shared. The news has been reported by media outlets. The story is on the front page of the region's main newspaper, the Times Colonist, this morning. [4] The protests are part of a movement that began late last year in response to a pipeline project. It is organized protest activity that appears to be escalating. It has been directed at impeding access to, among other places, the ports, railways, ferries, SkyTrain stations, and major intersections. There have been numerous injunctions issued by this court, both as a result of protest activity and in anticipation of same. [5] Highway 17 is a major four-lane highway in Victoria. It extends from Tolmie Street, which is the boundary of the City of Victoria and District of Saanich, to the Swartz Bay ferry terminal. It provides access to the ferry terminal, the Victoria International Airport, a hospital and four municipalities. On average, approximately 57,000 vehicles per day travel the highway. The protest is clearly intended to disrupt and impede persons from lawfully using the highway. That they planned it for rush hour is a clear indication that the protesters are out for maximum impact. [6] The precise location of the planned protest along the highway is unclear. Aside from the obvious safety concerns of having protestors blocking a

highway, there is no doubt that a shutdown of this major highway will cause disruption. Flights and ferries will be missed. People may not be able to access the Saanich Peninsula Hospital. Residents will not be able to get home. [7] The test to be applied is set out in RJR-MacDonald. I am satisfied that it has been met. [8] I am further satisfied that the order in the form sought should be granted. That will include a police enforcement clause. There will be no temporal limit placed on the order. [9] In this order, the Province acknowledges the right to protest and to engage in expressive conduct by lawful means. What this order is seeking to curtail is trespass and the protestors engaging in activities that cause unlawful blockades. To that end, the Province has identified some areas along Highway 17, where protestors can gather and protest safely without impeding public access to this major highway. "The Honourable Madam Justice Murray"

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

RJR-MacDonald Inc. v. Canada (Attorney General), [1994] 1 S.C.R. 311

Case cited

Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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