Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of Canada

Dominion Coal Co. v. SS. "Lake Ontario"

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The appeal was dismissed because the case turned on the trial judge's assessment of conflicting witness credibility and weight of evidence; there was evidence supporting the finding that the A. L. Taylor lacked a proper anchor light and failed to keep a lookout, and the appellate court will not overturn such findings, so the collision and loss were attributable to the barge's negligence.

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed with costs; judgment of Exchequer Court (Macdonald C.J.) affirmed.

Orders

  • Appeal dismissed with costs
  • Judgment of Macdonald C.J. in the Nova Scotia Admiralty District of the Exchequer Court affirmed

02

Material facts

Parties

Dominion Coal Co.

Appellant Counsel: Mellish

S.S. "Lake Ontario"

Respondent Counsel: Newcombe K.C.; Drysdale K.C.

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Admiralty/maritime Law / Appeal to Supreme Court of Canada From Exchequer Court (nova Scotia Admiralty District) — Final Appeal

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Appellant submitted that the barge A. L. Taylor displayed a proper anchor light and was not negligent; the trial judge erred in disbelieving testimony establishing the light and in holding the barge responsible for the collision.
Respondent
Respondent submitted that the Lake Ontario, under pilotage, had signalled, kept an alert crew and suddenly came upon an unlit barge; the trial judge correctly found the barge lacked a proper anchor light and failed to keep lookout, and those failures caused the collision.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Admiralty/common law collision rules referenced in trial and appellate reasons

    An anchored vessel must exhibit a proper anchor light and keep proper lookout to avoid collision liability.

  2. 02

    Decision of Macdonald C.J. in Exchequer Court affirmed by Supreme Court of Canada in this case

    Appellate courts will not lightly disturb a trial judge's findings of fact and credibility where there is evidence to support them.

  3. 03

    Established admiralty law principles applied by the Exchequer Court and affirmed on appeal

    Negligence in navigational duties (lighting and lookout) is a basis for fault in collision cases.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The appeal was dismissed because the case turned on the trial judge's assessment of conflicting witness credibility and weight of evidence; there was evidence supporting the finding that the A. L. Taylor lacked a proper anchor light and failed to keep a lookout, and the appellate court will not overturn such findings, so the collision and loss were attributable to the barge's negligence.

Obiter and limits

  • The presence of a pilot and the Lake Ontario's signaling and alert crew were relevant but did not displace the duty of an anchored vessel to exhibit a light and keep lookout.
  • Deference to the trial judge's appreciation of live witness testimony is emphatically required in fact disputes of this character.

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed with costs; judgment of Exchequer Court (Macdonald C.J.) affirmed.

  • Appeal dismissed with costs
  • Judgment of Macdonald C.J. in the Nova Scotia Admiralty District of the Exchequer Court affirmed

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of Canada · 9 May 1902

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Judgment text

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Source document

Supreme Court of Canada

Judgment· 9 May 1902

(1902) 32 SCR 507

Dominion Coal Co. v. SS. "Lake Ontario" Collection Supreme Court Judgments Date 1902-05-09 Report (1902) 32 SCR 507 Judges Taschereau, Henri-Elzéar; Sedgewick, Robert; Girouard, Désiré; Davies, Louis Henry; Mills, Davis On appeal from Nova Scotia Subjects Maritime law Decision Content Supreme Court of Canada Dominion Coal Co. v. S.S. Lake Ontario (1902) 32 SCR 507 Date: 1902-05-05 The Dominion Coal Company v. The S. S. "Lake Ontario. 1902: May 05. Admiralty law—Collision—Ship at anchor—Anchor light—Lookout—Weight of evidence — Credibility — Findings of trial judge —Negligence. Judgment appealed from (7 Ex. C. R. 403) affirmed. Appeal from the judgment of Macdonald C.J. in the Nova Scotia Admiralty District of the Exchequer Court of Canada[1] dismissing the action in rem of the appellants with costs. The steamship "Lake Ontario" was proceeding in charge of a pilot to her dock in the Harbour of Halifax, N.S., on a blustery night in the month of January, 1900, the weather being intermittently clear and cloudy, and came in collision with and sank the appellants' coal barge "A. L. Taylor" lying at anchor on the northern side of George's Island. The steamship had signalled, by guns and whistles, for a medical officer when approaching the quarantine grounds shortly before the collision occurred and the evidence of her officers and several of her seamen shewed that her officers and

crew were alert and anxiously working the ship through anchored vessels in the darkness and in blustery weather; that they came suddenly upon the "Taylor" and that no lights were seen upon her by any of them. On the other hand, the caretaker of the barge, who was not on deck at the time, swore that a proper anchor light was burning on the barge and his statement as to the light was corroborated by a captain of a fishing schooner lying close by and several boatmen and labourers on the wharves The trial court judge accepted the evidence for the defence as correct and found that the collision and subsequent loss were wholly attributable to the negligence of the "Taylor" in failing to have a proper anchor light and to keep a sharp lookout. The action was accordingly dismissed with costs and the plaintiffs appealed to the Supreme Court of Canada. After hearing counsel for the parties, the court pronounced judgment dismissing the appeal with costs as it appeared that the case was clearly one depending solely upon the appreciation of the evidence by the trial judge and that there was evidence on behalf of the defence which, if believed, would entitle the defendant to succeed. Appeal dismissed with costs. Mellish for the appellants. Newcombe K.C. and Drysdale K.C. for the respondent. [1] 7 Ex. C. R. 403.

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

7 Ex. C. R. 403

Case cited

(1902) 32 SCR 507

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