Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Gnanaseelan v. Gnanaseelan

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Source document

01

Holding and result

Given the applicant's credible evidence of job loss and reduction of income to $7,320 per year, the court has discretion to vary child support; because the claimant resides in Ontario and has not provided documented acceptance of British Columbia jurisdiction or consent under s.17.1, the variation is limited to a provisional order transmitted to the Attorney General under ss.18-19 of the Divorce Act; accordingly the court varied the March 4, 2005 order to require no child support retroactive to February 1, 2011, cancelled arrears and imposed notification obligations upon re‑employment.

Court disposition

Provisional order varying child support to nil retroactive to February 1, 2011; arrears cancelled; order to be transmitted to Attorney General for Ontario; notification obligations imposed upon re‑employment.

Orders

  • Vary the order of Mr. Justice Brooke of March 4, 2005 with respect to child support payable by the respondent so that, based on the applicant's current income of $7,320 per annum, no child support is payable, retroactive to February 1, 2011 (provisional order).
  • Direct that the Attorney General of British Columbia be provided with the notice of application, affidavits filed by the applicant and a copy of these reasons, to be forwarded to the Attorney General for Ontario in accordance with ss.18 and 19 of the Divorce Act.
  • Upon the applicant finding employment he must immediately provide notice to the claimant identifying his employer and income and, if available, documentary proof such as a payroll stub or letter of employment.
  • Cancel the arrears of child support that have accumulated since January 2011.
  • Upon any change of the applicant's income the applicant shall seek to reach agreement with the claimant to reinstate child support based on his income and the Federal Child Support Guidelines.

02

Material facts

Parties

Vasuki Gnanaseelan

Claimant Counsel: No appearance

Thiyagarajah Gnanaseelan

Respondent Counsel: T. Gnanaseelan (self-represented)

Amounts and remedies

  • Applicant Annual Income (social Assistance): CAD 7,320
  • Applicant Monthly Social Assistance: CAD 610
  • Prior Income Held at Time of March 4, 2005 Order: CAD 23,204

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Divorce Act S.17 Application to Vary Child Support / Hearing in Chambers; Provisional Order Made

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The applicant (respondent under the original order) lost his job on January 2, 2011, is on social assistance receiving $610 per month ($7,320 per year), has no ability to pay child support at present, seeks variation of the March 4, 2005 order to zero support retroactive to February 1, 2011, cancellation of arrears, and proposes to notify the claimant immediately upon re‑employment with proof of income.
Respondent
The claimant did not file evidence and made no appearance; there is no documented acceptance of this court's jurisdiction or consent to s.17.1, so under s.18 the court is limited to making a provisional order and must direct the order to the Attorney General for transmission to Ontario; any alleged oral non‑opposition is not evidence of consent.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Divorce Act, RSC 1985

    Variation of child support requires evidence of a material change in circumstances, including changes in income or employment

  2. 02

    Divorce Act, RSC 1985, ss.18-19

    Where an applicant or respondent resides in another province and has not accepted the jurisdiction or consented under s.17.1, the court is limited to making a provisional order which must be transmitted via Attorneys General under s.18 and s.19

  3. 03

    Divorce Act principles and procedural requirements

    Service and documentary evidence are required to support interprovincial enforcement and jurisdictional consent; oral statements of non‑opposition are not substitute for documented consent

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

Given the applicant's credible evidence of job loss and reduction of income to $7,320 per year, the court has discretion to vary child support; because the claimant resides in Ontario and has not provided documented acceptance of British Columbia jurisdiction or consent under s.17.1, the variation is limited to a provisional order transmitted to the Attorney General under ss.18-19 of the Divorce Act; accordingly the court varied the March 4, 2005 order to require no child support retroactive to February 1, 2011, cancelled arrears and imposed notification obligations upon re‑employment.

Obiter and limits

  • Oral communication of non‑opposition by the claimant to the applicant is insufficient to constitute acceptance of jurisdiction or consent under s.17.1.
  • If the claimant accepts jurisdiction or otherwise consents, a final order could be made rather than a provisional one upon proper evidence of consent.

Court disposition

Provisional order varying child support to nil retroactive to February 1, 2011; arrears cancelled; order to be transmitted to Attorney General for Ontario; notification obligations imposed upon re‑employment.

  • Vary the order of Mr. Justice Brooke of March 4, 2005 with respect to child support payable by the respondent so that, based on the applicant's current income of $7,320 per annum, no child support is payable, retroactive to February 1, 2011 (provisional order).
  • Direct that the Attorney General of British Columbia be provided with the notice of application, affidavits filed by the applicant and a copy of these reasons, to be forwarded to the Attorney General for Ontario in accordance with ss.18 and 19 of the Divorce Act.
  • Upon the applicant finding employment he must immediately provide notice to the claimant identifying his employer and income and, if available, documentary proof such as a payroll stub or letter of employment.
  • Cancel the arrears of child support that have accumulated since January 2011.
  • Upon any change of the applicant's income the applicant shall seek to reach agreement with the claimant to reinstate child support based on his income and the Federal Child Support Guidelines.

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of British Columbia · 21 November 2011

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

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Source document

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Judgment· 21 November 2011

2011 BCSC 1824

2011 BCSC 1824 Gnanaseelan v. Gnanaseelan

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Citation: Gnanaseelan v. Gnanaseelan, 2011 BCSC 1824 Date: 20111121 Docket: E030316 Registry: Vancouver Between: Vasuki Gnanaseelan Claimant And: Thiyagarajah Gnanaseelan Respondent Before: The Honourable Madam Justice Griffin Oral Reasons for Judgment In Chambers For the Claimant No appearance Appearing on his own behalf T. Gnanaseelan Place and Date of Hearing: Vancouver, B.C. November 2, 2011 Place and Date of Judgment: Vancouver, B.C. November 21, 2011 [1] THE COURT: The respondent in this proceeding, Mr. Thiyagarajh Gnanaseelan, seeks an order varying the child support that was ordered by Mr. Justice Brooke on March 4, 2005. [2] The primary reason for Mr. Gnanaseelan's application is that he lost his job on January 2, 2011, and he has since been on Social Assistance. According to his evidence he is only receiving Social Assistance of $610 per month, which annually adds up to $7,320. Based on that income no child support would be payable. [3] Mr. Gnanaseelan has two children, an 18-year-old and a 14-year-old, who live with his ex-wife, the named claimant, Vasuki Gnanaseelan, in Ontario. [4] The difficulty with this type of application, which is brought under s. 17 of the Divorce Act, is that because the claimant now lives in Toronto, Ontario I must pay heed to s. 18 of the Divorce Act, which limits me to making a provisional order

only, unless there is evidence that the claimant has accepted the jurisdiction of this court or has consented to the application of s. 17.1 in respect of this matter. There is no such evidence from the claimant and therefore s. 18(2) of the Divorce Act applies. [5] Mr. Gnanaseelan has filed a notice of application, filed September 22, 2011; an affidavit filed September 22, 2011, which affidavit was sworn on September 20, 2011; a financial statement sworn September 20, 2011, and filed September 22, 2011; an affidavit of ordinary service, sworn and filed on October 27, 2011; and another affidavit of ordinary service filed and sworn on November 18, 2011. [6] The evidence he has filed supports his submissions that he lost his job and he has been trying hard to find a new job. It also supports his submission as to his reduced income. At the time of the order of Mr. Justice Brooke, which he seeks to vary, his income was held to be $23,204. [7] In the affidavits of service Mr. Gnanaseelan has put forward evidence that he served the claimant in Ontario by registered mail with the application and then by UPS courier service with the requisition setting this date for hearing on November 21, 2011. He has informed me orally that he spoke to the claimant by telephone, as well, and he indicated that she does not oppose the application. However, she has not put any evidence before me. [8] I

am prepared to make the order that Mr. Gnanaseelan seeks, but this will be a provisional order that first must be directed to the Attorney General of this province, who shall then forward it to the Attorney General for Ontario in accordance with the process set out under s. 18 and then s. 19 of the Divorce Act. [9] I will direct to the Attorney General the notice of application and affidavits filed by Mr. Gnanaseelan as referred to in these reasons, as well as a copy of these reasons. [10] The provisional order I make will be as follows: 1. That the order of the Honourable Mr. Justice Brooke made March 4, 2005, with respect to child support payable by the respondent in this proceeding, Mr. Gnanaseelan, be varied based on the applicant's current income of $7,320 per annum, such that he has no child support payable and this order is retroactive to February 1 of 2011.

2. That upon Mr. Gnanaseelan finding employment that he provide immediate notice to the claimant, together with information as to the name of his employer and his income, and if available to him together with some documentary proof of his income, such as a payroll stub or letter of employment.

3. That the arrears of child support that have accumulated since January 2011 be cancelled.

4. Upon Mr. Gnanaseelan's change of income that he will seek to reach agreement with the claimant to reinstate child support based on his income and the Federal Child Support Guidelines. "S.A. Griffin, J." The Honourable Madam Justice Susan A. Griffin

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Gnanaseelan v. Gnanaseelan, 2011 BCSC 1824

Case cited

Prior child support order of Mr. Justice Brooke (March 4, 2005)

Case cited

Divorce Act, RSC 1985, ss.17-19

Legislation

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