Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Mann-Campbell v. JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd.

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

The recusal application was dismissed because the court's written reasons contained determinations made after full argument and the fact the formal order adjourned the hearing does not negate those determinations; alleged errors or insufficiencies in consideration of submissions are matters for appeal or for a party's own recusal application, not reasons to disqualify the judge mid-proceeding.

Court disposition

Application to disqualify and recuse the presiding judge dismissed.

Orders

  • Application by JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd. and JUUL Labs, Inc. to disqualify and recuse the judge is dismissed.

02

Material facts

Parties

Owen Mann-Campbell and Robert Osborn

Plaintiffs Counsel: A. Leoni, K.C.; J.R. Kendall; D. Bach; A. Dimson; K. Shapiro; K. Cunningham, A/S

JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd.

Defendant Counsel: M.A. Feder, K.C.; E.C. Walsh; D. Templer

JUUL Labs, Inc.

Defendant Counsel: M.A. Feder, K.C.; E.C. Walsh; D. Templer

Altria Group, Inc.

Defendant Counsel: S.I. Sofer; J.D. Sapers; J. Kara; G. Matheson

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Proposed Class Action Certification Application / Adjourned Certification Proceeding; Recusal/disqualification Application Heard and Dismissed

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The JUUL defendants applied for recusal and disqualification of the judge, asserting that the formality of an adjournment order meant prior matters were not finally decided and that the judge should not preside further; Altria supported recusal on different grounds, alleging lack of or insufficient consideration of its arguments, authorities and evidence and therefore lack of impartiality.
Respondent
The plaintiffs responded that the written reasons (2025 BCSC 771) contain findings and determinations made after full argument and are not open to re-argument merely because the formal order adjourned the hearing; the recusal application is an attempt to relitigate those determinations and is improper, wasteful and the correct remedy is appeal; Altria cannot piggyback on JUUL's application and should have filed its own application.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Common law principle of judicial impartiality

    A judge must recuse only if there is a reasonable apprehension of bias; mere disagreement with findings is not a basis for recusal.

  2. 02

    Reasons for judgment (2025 BCSC 771) and appellate procedure principles

    Findings and determinations made after full argument in reasons for judgment are not automatically open to re-argument because a formal order adjourns a hearing; such determinations are subject to appellate review.

  3. 03

    Principles of procedural fairness as applied by the court in this judgment

    A party supporting another party's recusal application must bring its own application if it seeks specific relief; a party cannot unfairly piggyback new submissions on another party's application without giving the opposing party proper notice and opportunity to respond.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The recusal application was dismissed because the court's written reasons contained determinations made after full argument and the fact the formal order adjourned the hearing does not negate those determinations; alleged errors or insufficiencies in consideration of submissions are matters for appeal or for a party's own recusal application, not reasons to disqualify the judge mid-proceeding.

Obiter and limits

  • The continuation of the certification hearing will assess whether the plaintiffs have amended the notice of civil claim and common issues as directed and may consider issues arising from those amendments.
  • Relitigating findings before a new judge would waste judicial resources and cause unreasonable delay and expense; the proper avenue is appellate review.
  • If amendments give rise to new issues, those may properly be addressed at continuation of the hearing.

Court disposition

Application to disqualify and recuse the presiding judge dismissed.

  • Application by JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd. and JUUL Labs, Inc. to disqualify and recuse the judge is dismissed.

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of British Columbia · 19 December 2025

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Judgment· 19 December 2025

2025 BCSC 2679

2025 BCSC 2679 Mann-Campbell v. JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd.

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Citation: Mann-Campbell v. JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd., 2025 BCSC 2679 Date: 20251219 Docket: S1910927 Registry: Vancouver Between: Owen Mann-Campbell and Robert Osborn Plaintiffs And: JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd., JUUL Labs, Inc. and Altria Group, Inc. Defendants Before: The Honourable Justice Giaschi Oral Reasons for Judgment In Chambers Counsel for the Plaintiffs: A. Leoni, K.C. J.R. Kendall D. Bach A. Dimson K. Shapiro K. Cunningham, A/S Counsel for JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd. and JUUL Labs, Inc.: M.A. Feder, K.C. E.C. Walsh D. Templer Counsel for Altria Group, Inc.: S.I. Sofer J.D. Sapers J. Kara G. Matheson Place and Date of Hearing: Vancouver, B.C. December 19, 2025 Place and Date of Judgment: Vancouver, B.C. December 19, 2025 [1] THE COURT: This matter is a proposed class action against the defendants related to JUUL‑branded e‑cigarette devices. [2] A certification hearing was held over several days in December 2023 and May 2024. On May 14, 2025, reasons were released, indexed as 2025 BCSC 771. In those reasons I addressed in detail the various certification requirements set out in the Class Proceedings Act. [3] I also addressed in detail the evidence and the submissions of the parties. I identified various issues with the further amended notice of civil claim ("FANOCC"), the class definition and the common issues. [4] Those issues I identified

in the reasons required amendment of the FANOCC and the common issues. Ultimately, I adjourned the certification application to "permit the plaintiffs to make the amendments" set out in the reasons. [5] Following the release of the reasons, the parties could not agree on the content of the formal order and a hearing was held to settle the terms of that order. I determined that the final order should include only that the application was adjourned. I declined to include various individual findings and determinations in the order as requested, in particular, by JUUL. I did, however, make it clear that those findings and determinations were not open to re-argument. [6] The JUUL defendants now apply for me to disqualify and recuse myself from hearing any further steps in this action. I decline to do so for the reasons as set out in the application response of the plaintiffs. [7] The application response of the plaintiffs has been somewhat expanded upon before me in written submissions filed by the plaintiffs today. I have not had a great deal of time to review those written submissions, but based on what we have gone through this afternoon and what I looked at over the lunch period, they seem to mirror the plaintiffs' application response and add to it in some particulars, especially in an attached appendix that identifies and addresses various cases involving adjournments of

certification hearings in circumstances similar to those in which I adjourned this certification hearing. [8] In particular, I agree with the plaintiffs, and emphasize, that the premise of the argument of the JUUL defendants is that I have not yet decided any issues in this matter. The JUUL defendants say this is so because the entered order merely adjourns the certification hearing. This premise, in my view, is fundamentally incorrect. The reasons are full of findings and determinations that were made after hearing full argument and considering all of the evidence of the parties. The fact that the order merely adjourns the hearing does not negate these findings and determinations. They are not open to further argument on the continuation of the hearing except insofar as they may be affected by amendments. The continuation will primarily address whether the amendments have been made and are sufficient to correct the deficiencies noted. I do not foreclose the possibility that there could also be other issues that arise as a consequence of the amendments. If there are, it will be necessary to address those issues. But it is not a matter of things having been prejudged or predetermined. Matters were judged and determined after full argument. [9] In my view, this application is merely an attempt to eventually relitigate my various findings and determinations before a new judge.

That would be a complete waste of judicial resources and add unreasonably to the expense and the delay in this matter. The proper course is for the JUUL defendants to challenge my findings and determinations in the Court of Appeal in due course. [10] Altria supports JUUL's application for recusal but presents quite different arguments from JUUL as to why I should recuse myself. It alleges, among other things, that I have given no or insufficient consideration to: a) arguments it has raised; b) authorities it has submitted; and c) evidence it has submitted. [11] These particular arguments all appear to be matters that should properly be brought before the Court of Appeal. Moreover, Altria has not bought its own application for my recusal. In my view, if it wishes to make the arguments it has, it ought to have filed its own application for recusal. It cannot piggyback on JUUL's application. That is simply not fair to the plaintiffs who have not had full opportunity to respond to the new submissions. [12] Accordingly, the application by JUUL is dismissed. "Giaschi J."

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Mann-Campbell v. JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd., 2025 BCSC 771

Case cited

Mann-Campbell v. JUUL Labs Canada, Ltd., 2025 BCSC 2679

Case cited

Class Proceedings Act (British Columbia)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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