Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Mau v. G.A. Consulting Services Inc.

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Professional case brief

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The summary trial application was refused because the case was sufficiently complex and ambiguous, the resolution depended on oral evidence and credibility findings that could not be achieved in the allotted time, and a five-day trial was imminently available; proceeding to a full (hybrid) trial was therefore the just course.

Court disposition

Plaintiffs' summary trial application dismissed; matter to proceed to the scheduled five-day trial

Orders

  • Plaintiffs' application for summary trial is dismissed
  • Matter to proceed to a five-day trial scheduled to begin March 9, 2020
  • Parties are to seek a case management conference before the trial judge
  • Trial to be conducted as a hybrid trial with evidence by affidavit and oral evidence
  • Three volumes of evidence used at the summary proceeding to be retained for the trial judge by plaintiffs' counsel
  • Each side may call one witness at trial
  • Costs of today are costs in the cause

02

Material facts

Parties

Diana Nam H. Mau

Plaintiff/defendant by Counterclaim Counsel: S.M. MacKenzie

Christina Mau Nowik

Plaintiff/defendant by Counterclaim Counsel: S.M. MacKenzie

Joanna Mau Nowik

Plaintiff/defendant by Counterclaim Counsel: S.M. MacKenzie

Diana Mau Financial Corporation

Plaintiff/defendant by Counterclaim Counsel: S.M. MacKenzie

G.A. Consulting Services Inc.

Defendant/plaintiff by Counterclaim Counsel: J.K. Bienvenu

Katie Mak Accounting Corp.

Defendant/plaintiff by Counterclaim Counsel: J.K. Bienvenu

Diana Mau Corporation

Defendant/plaintiff by Counterclaim Counsel: J.K. Bienvenu

Amounts and remedies

  • Trial Days Reserved: 5

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Civil Contract Dispute Arising From Share Purchase Agreement; Counterclaims; Rectification Claim / Summary Trial Application Refused; Matter Set for Five Day Trial

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Plaintiffs sought a summary trial to resolve primarily non-payment on the sale of shares and related relief relying on extensive documentary materials and affidavit evidence presented at the hearing.
Respondent
Defendants opposed summary disposition based on the complexity and ambiguity of the written and draft agreements, the presence of oral agreements and counterclaims, the need for oral witness evidence and credibility findings, and the insufficiency of one day to try the matter.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Inspiration Management (1989) and established summary trial jurisprudence of the B.C. Courts

    Summary trial procedure may be employed robustly but is inappropriate where credibility and oral evidence are essential to resolve complex disputes

  2. 02

    Principles of contract interpretation and rectification in common law

    Ambiguous written agreements require consideration of drafts, surrounding negotiations and oral evidence to ascertain parties' intentions

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The summary trial application was refused because the case was sufficiently complex and ambiguous, the resolution depended on oral evidence and credibility findings that could not be achieved in the allotted time, and a five-day trial was imminently available; proceeding to a full (hybrid) trial was therefore the just course.

Obiter and limits

  • Recommendation that counsel seek a case management conference before the trial judge
  • Recommendation that the trial be hybrid with evidence by affidavit and oral evidence
  • Recommendation that three volumes of materials used be provided to the trial judge
  • Suggestion that each side likely call one witness (Ms. Mau for plaintiffs; Ms. Fong or Ms. Mak for defendants)
  • Costs of the summary trial hearing are to be costs in the cause

Court disposition

Plaintiffs' summary trial application dismissed; matter to proceed to the scheduled five-day trial

  • Plaintiffs' application for summary trial is dismissed
  • Matter to proceed to a five-day trial scheduled to begin March 9, 2020
  • Parties are to seek a case management conference before the trial judge
  • Trial to be conducted as a hybrid trial with evidence by affidavit and oral evidence
  • Three volumes of evidence used at the summary proceeding to be retained for the trial judge by plaintiffs' counsel
  • Each side may call one witness at trial
  • Costs of today are costs in the cause

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of British Columbia · 7 January 2020

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Supreme Court of British Columbia

Judgment· 7 January 2020

2020 BCSC 125

2020 BCSC 125 Mau v. G.A. Consulting Services Inc.

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF BRITISH COLUMBIA Citation: Mau v. G.A. Consulting Services Inc., 2020 BCSC 125 Date: 20200107 Docket: S188110 Registry: Vancouver Between: Diana Nam H. Mau, Christina Mau Nowik, Joanna Mau Nowik and Diana Mau Financial Corporation Plaintiffs/ Defendants by Counterclaim And G.A. Consulting Services Inc. Katie Mak Accounting Corp. and Diana Mau Corporation Defendants/ Plaintiffs by Counterclaim Before: The Honourable Mr. Justice Macintosh Oral Reasons for Judgment Counsel for Plaintiffs/Defendants by Counterclaim: S.M. MacKenzie Counsel for Defendants/Plaintiffs by Counterclaim: J.K. Bienvenu Place and Date of Trial: Vancouver, B.C. January 7, 2020 Place and Date of Judgment: Vancouver, B.C. January 7, 2020 [1] These brief reasons address the Defendants' argument that the Plaintiffs' case is not suitable for disposition by summary trial. The Plaintiffs' summary trial application was set for today and scheduled for one day only. [2] Having heard the Plaintiffs' review of the evidence and facts for most of this morning, and in part this afternoon, and now having also heard the parties' submissions as to suitability, I have concluded in the circumstances set out below, notwithstanding Mr. MacKenzie's able submissions, that it would be unjust to proceed further by summary trial in this complex case, and that the Plaintiffs' summary trial application ought not

to proceed further. [3] The three personal Plaintiffs are a mother, who is an accountant, and her two daughters, who, with their mother, are the three shareholders in the mother's accounting business. [4] By a share purchase agreement, the three personal Plaintiffs were to sell their shares in the accounting business to the first two named Defendants. The Plaintiffs now sue primarily for non-payment on the sale of their shares, but additional relief is also sought. The Defendants defend and counterclaim because they allege the first Plaintiff, Ms. Mau, failed to deliver to the Defendants the accounting clients she had allegedly promised to deliver, refused to sign a consulting agreement, and otherwise breached the share purchase agreement. [5] Counsel for both sides agree that the written share purchase agreement is "far from perfect" in its clarity. In addition to the share purchase agreement itself, the case requires the consideration of draft agreements, oral agreements, and the Plaintiffs' claim for rectification of clause 3.2(a) in the share purchase agreement in accordance with para. 23 pleaded in the amended notice of civil claim. [6] There are two practical considerations which form an important part of the basis for my conclusion. [7] First, in my view, the summary trial application could not conclude in only one day. Two days would be required, and I believe even that

would be a tight estimate. By midday today, the Plaintiffs had not quite concluded their review of the evidence and facts, and had not begun their legal submissions. The suitability submissions only began at about 12:15 midday. They continued at 2:00 p.m. The Defendants' case on the merits has not yet begun. I add that the Plaintiffs' review of the evidence and facts has progressed as far as it has only because Plaintiffs' counsel, who is fully on top of his brief, packed an enormous amount of complex information into the time he had. I should add too, as another reality, that I am hearing another matter tomorrow, and I am then away until January 27th, followed by other court commitments on my return. [8] The second practical point is that the parties have reserved a five-day trial for this matter beginning in approximately two months, that is, on March 9, 2020. [9] From the time Inspiration Management was decided by our Court of Appeal in 1989, this Court has proceeded to employ the summary trial rules robustly. [10] However, there clearly are cases, of which this is one, where the Court would be greatly assisted by hearing from the key witnesses. When it is kept in mind that five trial days are available just two months from now, I believe it would be unjust not to hear from those witnesses in the hope of turning complex facts into facts that are more readily understandable.

In particular, as one example, a judge will want to have a better understanding of whether both sides were properly performing their obligations around the consulting agreement, whether written or oral. [11] I am mindful of the cost of a five-day trial, but the sums at issue here are not trivial, and the pretrial steps, including several discoveries, have already occurred. [12] The remainder of these reasons are subject to the directions of the trial judge, who may disagree with and override what I set out below depending on her or his assessment as the case nears trial. [13] I recommend that counsel, with my support, seek a case management conference before the judge who will hear the trial. [14] I also recommend that the trial be a hybrid trial, so that evidence is introduced by both affidavit and oral evidence. The three volumes of materials before me today would form part of the evidentiary record. In addition, each side could call one witness, probably Ms. Mau for the Plaintiffs and Ms. Fong or Ms. Mak for the Defendants. [15] I will ask Mr. MacKenzie to keep my copy of the three volumes of evidence used today and give them to the trial judge as her or his copy to use at trial if the judge decides to proceed as I have recommended above. [16] Costs of today are costs in the cause. "Macintosh J."

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Mau v. G.A. Consulting Services Inc., 2020 BCSC 125

Case cited

Inspiration Management (1989) (B.C. Court of Appeal)

Case cited

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