Canada Judgment

Supreme Court of Canada

Spencer Bros. v. The King

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The appeal was dismissed because the appellants failed to discharge the heavy burden of proof required to overturn the Exchequer Court's factual findings that supported forfeiture under the Customs Act; the Supreme Court deferred to the trial judge's conclusions of fact.

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed with costs

Orders

  • Appeal dismissed with costs
  • Petition of right refused with costs

02

Material facts

Parties

Spencer Brothers

Appellant Counsel: J. Lorne McDougall; Kilgour

His Majesty The King

Respondent Counsel: Chrysler K.C.

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Petition of Right (repayment of Deposit Following Customs Forfeiture) / Appeal to Supreme Court of Canada From Exchequer Court (factual Review)

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Appellants sought repayment of a deposit paid to obtain release of cattle seized under the Customs Act, arguing the deposit should be returned because the seizure/forfeiture was improper and the Crown should not retain the money.
Respondent
Crown maintained the cattle were seized for infraction of the Customs Act and lawfully held as forfeiture; the appellants bore a heavy burden of proof which they failed to meet and the trial judge's factual findings should stand.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Common law; Exchequer Court decision (10 Ex. C.R. 79)

    Heavy burden of proof rests on a party seeking relief in a petition of right

  2. 02

    Appellate review principle (common law)

    Appellate courts will not disturb a trial judge's findings of fact unless they are clearly wrong

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The appeal was dismissed because the appellants failed to discharge the heavy burden of proof required to overturn the Exchequer Court's factual findings that supported forfeiture under the Customs Act; the Supreme Court deferred to the trial judge's conclusions of fact.

Obiter and limits

  • If not a clear mathematical demonstration, appellants would still have needed far more cogent evidence to overturn the trial judge's conclusions (Idington J.)
  • No additional comment on the merits from Duff J.; deference to trial judgment emphasized

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed with costs

  • Appeal dismissed with costs
  • Petition of right refused with costs

Source and reliance status

Supreme Court of Canada · 23 May 1907

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Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Supreme Court of Canada

Judgment· 23 May 1907

(1907) 39 SCR 12

Spencer Bros. v. The King Collection Supreme Court Judgments Date 1907-05-23 Report (1907) 39 SCR 12 Judges Girouard, Désiré; Davies, Louis Henry; Idington, John; Maclennan, James; Duff, Lyman Poore On appeal from Canada Subjects Customs and excise Decision Content Supreme Court of Canada Spencer Bros. v. The King, (1907) 39 S.C.R. 12 Date: 1907-05-23 Spencer Brothers (Suppliants), Appellants; and His Majesty The King.Respondent, 1907: May 7, 8; 1907: May 23. Present: Girouard, Davies, Idington, Maclennan and Duff JJ. Customs Act— Importation of cattle — Smuggling—Clandestinely introducing cattle into Canada—Claim for return of deposit made to secure release of cattle seized—Evidence, APPEAL from the judgment of the Exchequer Court of Canada[1] by which the appellants' petition of right was refused with costs. The petition of right prayed for re-payment to the suppliants of a sum of money deposited by them to obtain the release of a number of cattle seized for infraction of the "Customs Act" and held by the Crown as forfeiture. The questions raised on the appeal depended almost entirely on the proper conclusions of fact to be drawn from the evidence. The Supreme Court of Canada heard counsel on behalf of both parties and reserved judgment. On subsequent day the appeal was dismissed with costs. Notes of reasons for judgment were delivered as follows:— Girouard J.—I agree with

the learned judge of the Exchequer Court. The appeal should be dismissed with costs. Davies J. concurred in the dismissal of the appeal. Idington J.—I see no reason to complain of the methods by which the learned trial judge has arrived at his conclusions. If the methods or mode of reasoning adopted by him be liable to produce results that would not be mathematically speaking exactly correct, he has allowed, or has at all events had, such a wide margin to spare that I see no reason whatever to doubt the absolute correctness of his conclusion. In view of the heavy burthen of proof the law casts on the appellants, it would require, if not a clear mathematical demonstration, at least a great deal more cogent evidence than has been presented to us in argument, (and from the careful preparation thereof, no doubt all that could be presented has been presented,) to discharge that burthen and entitle us to set aside the conclusions of Mr. Justice Burbidge, supported as they are by a mass of evidence needless to dwell upon. I think the appeal should be dismissed with costs. Maclennan J. concurred in the dismissal of the appeal with costs. Duff J.—I have nothing to add to the reasons stated by Mr. Justice Burbidge, in the court below. Appeal dismissed with costs. J. Lorne McDougall and Kilgour, for the appellants. Chrysler K.C. for the respondent. [1] 10 Ex. C.R. 79.

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

10 Ex. C.R. 79 (Exchequer Court)

Case cited

Spencer Bros. v. The King, (1907) 39 S.C.R. 12

Case cited

Customs Act

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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