The Public Institution for Social Security v Khaled Al Rajaan & Ors

The Public Institution for Social Security v Khaled Al Rajaan & Ors

The Al Rajaan Children are necessary or proper parties because, under Swiss law, heirs automatically succeed to the estate and are jointly and severally liable; joining them is necessary to ensure any English judgment is enforceable in Switzerland, avoiding the need to relitigate liability in Swiss enforcement proceedings.

Parties
Claimant/respondent: THE PUBLIC INSTITUTION FOR SOCIAL SECURITY; Defendant/appellant: Khaled Al Rajaan; Defendant/appellant: Fawaz Al Rajaan; Defendant/appellant: Fajer Al Rajaan; Defendant/appellant: Farah Al Rajaan
Jurisdiction
England and Wales
Judgment Date
25 November 2025
Procedural Posture
Civil Appeal / Appeal From High Court Judgment on Jurisdictional Challenge
Outcome
Appeal dismissed
Legal Topics
Jurisdiction, Enforcement of Judgments, Necessary or Proper Party, Universal Succession, Foreign Estates
Civil Procedure Private International Law Succession Law Jurisdiction Enforcement of Judgments Necessary or Proper Party Universal Succession Foreign Estates

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Parties

THE PUBLIC INSTITUTION FOR SOCIAL SECURITY

Claimant/respondent

Khaled Al Rajaan

Defendant/appellant

Fawaz Al Rajaan

Defendant/appellant

Fajer Al Rajaan

Defendant/appellant

Farah Al Rajaan

Defendant/appellant

Procedural Posture

Civil Appeal / Appeal From High Court Judgment on Jurisdictional Challenge

Legal Issues

  1. 1 Whether the Al Rajaan Children are necessary or proper parties to the claim for the purposes of service out of the jurisdiction under CPR Practice Direction 6B Gateway 3
  2. 2 Whether joining the heirs is justified to bind them for enforcement of any judgment in Switzerland

Ratio Decidendi

The Al Rajaan Children are necessary or proper parties because, under Swiss law, heirs automatically succeed to the estate and are jointly and severally liable; joining them is necessary to ensure any English judgment is enforceable in Switzerland, avoiding the need to relitigate liability in Swiss enforcement proceedings.

Court Disposition

Appeal dismissed

Orders

  • The appeal by the Al Rajaan Children is dismissed.
  • No need to consider the alternative ground regarding service under section 1140 of the Companies Act 2006.