Hong Kong Judgment

Court of Final Appeal

CHAU SHING SUI v. HKSAR

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Professional case brief

Research organized from the available case record

Source document

01

Holding and result

Leave to appeal was refused because the sergeant was not part of the core four‑officer team whose evidence the jury accepted; the subsequent conviction of the sergeant did not, on the totality of the evidence, render the applicant's convictions unsafe.

Court disposition

Leave to appeal refused

Orders

  • Leave to appeal refused

02

Material facts

Parties

Chau Shing Sui

Applicant Counsel: Mr Richard Wong (instructed by Messrs Michael Cheuk, Wong & Kee and assigned by Legal Aid Department)

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Respondent Counsel: Mr David C. Leung (of the Department of Justice)

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Application for Leave to Appeal Out of Time to the Court of Final Appeal / Determination on Application for Leave to Appeal

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Applicant argued his convictions are unsafe because a police sergeant who gave evidence for the prosecution was later convicted of conspiracy to offer advantages to a public officer, rendering the sergeant unreliable and warranting quashing of convictions.
Respondent
Respondent argued the sergeant was not part of the four‑officer team whose evidence formed the backbone of the prosecution case; the jury accepted the independent evidence of those officers and the sergeant's later conviction does not undermine the safety of the convictions, so leave should be refused.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Common law / Court of Final Appeal practice

    A conviction may be unsafe if subsequent material shows a key prosecution witness to be corrupt or unreliable.

  2. 02

    Court of Final Appeal practice

    Leave to appeal out of time requires exceptional circumstances and a real prospect that fresh or newly known facts render the conviction unsafe.

  3. 03

    Court of Final Appeal determination

    Safety of conviction is assessed on the totality of the evidence and the jury's acceptance of contemporaneous eyewitness testimony is significant.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

Leave to appeal was refused because the sergeant was not part of the core four‑officer team whose evidence the jury accepted; the subsequent conviction of the sergeant did not, on the totality of the evidence, render the applicant's convictions unsafe.

Obiter and limits

  • The jury must have accepted the evidence of the four police officers who found the drugs and who were not the sergeant.
  • Applicant alleged drugs were planted and a coerced statement, but those assertions did not suffice to show conviction unsafe given the jury's firsthand assessment of the four officers.
  • The sergeant had been arrested before the Court of Appeal hearing but that fact was unknown to the applicant and his advisers until after convictions were affirmed.

Court disposition

Leave to appeal refused

  • Leave to appeal refused

Source and reliance status

Court of Final Appeal · 17 January 2006

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Court of Final Appeal

Judgment· 17 January 2006

CHAU SHING SUI v. HKSAR

bjbj FAMC No. 78 of 2005

IN THE COURT OF FINAL APPEAL OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION MISCELLANEOUS PROCEEDINGS NO. 78 OF 2005 (CRIMINAL) (ON APPLICATION FOR LEAVE TO APPEAL FROM CACC NO. 432 OF 2003) _____ Between:

CHAU SHING SUI Applicant - and -

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION Respondent _____ Appeal Committee: Chief Justice Li, Mr Justice Bokhary PJ and Mr Justice Chan PJ Date of Hearing: 17 January 2006 Date of Determination: 17 January 2006

D E T E R M I N A T I O N Mr Justice Bokhary PJ: This applicant stood trial in the High Court on two counts. Count 1 was of trafficking in dangerous drugs while count 2 was of resisting police officers in the due execution of their duty. He was convicted on both counts. And the Court of Appeal affirmed both of his convictions. After that, a sergeant who was one of the police officers who had given evidence for the prosecution at the applicant s trial was convicted of conspiracy to offer advantages to a public officer, namely the sergeant himself. The sergeant had been arrested by the Independent Commission Against Corruption two months before the applicant s case was heard by the Court of Appeal. But neither the applicant nor his legal advisers knew of the case against the sergeant until after the applicant s convictions had been affirmed by the Court of Appeal. The applicant now seeks leave to appeal out of time to the Court of Final Appeal with the view to having his convictions quashed on the basis that they can now be seen to be unsafe because the sergeant can now be seen to be unreliable. How important a witness was the sergeant? The prosecution s case was that the dangerous drugs were found on the applicant s person by a team of four police officers after they had overcome his efforts to resist them. This team of four police officers did not include the sergeant. It is

true that the applicant s evidence was that the dangerous drugs had been planted on him and that they had been brought to the scene by the sergeant. And it is also true that the applicant alleged that the sergeant had been involved in forcing him to make a statement to the effect that he had the dangerous drugs in his possession albeit for his own consumption rather than for trafficking as charged. However we consider it safe to say, first, that the jury must have accepted the evidence of the team of four police officers which did not include the sergeant and, secondly, that the jury must have accepted such evidence essentially on its assessment of those four police officers reliability after receiving their evidence at first-hand. It was the evidence of that team of four police officers which formed the backbone of the prosecution s case. In our view, the circumstances taken in the round do not warrant an appeal to the Court of Final Appeal based on the sergeant s subsequent conviction for corruption. Accordingly leave to appeal is refused. (Andrew Li) (Kemal Bokhary) (Patrick Chan) Chief Justice Permanent Judge Permanent Judge Mr Richard Wong (instructed by Messrs Michael Cheuk, Wong & Kee and assigned by Legal Aid Department) for the applicant Mr David C. Leung (of the Department of Justice) for the respondent -

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