Hong Kong Judgment

Court of First Instance

HKSAR v. CNT SECURITY CO LTD

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The court refused to certify the two proposed questions because the construction issue, while affecting the appellant, was not of great and general importance, and the question on 'reasonable excuse' under s.43(1) arose from factual matters discrete to the appeal and therefore was unsuitable for certification.

Court disposition

Application to certify two questions of law of great and general importance refused

Orders

  • Declined to certify the two questions proposed by the appellant
  • No order as to costs

02

Material facts

Parties

HKSAR

Respondent Counsel: Mr Liu Yuen Ming, SGC of Department of Justice

CNT Security Company Limited

Appellant Counsel: Mr Gerard McCoy, SC, instructed by Messrs Leung, Chan & Pang

Amounts and remedies

  • Number of Employees: 1,500

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Magistracy Appeal to Court of First Instance (appellate Jurisdiction) / Appeal Judgment and Decision on Certification of Points of Law

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
The appellant invited certification of two points of law: (a) that the phrase 'housing allowance or other housing benefit' in s.2(1) MPFSO should be construed as encompassing only actual and real housing expenses and not mere attribution; and (b) that notification of unsubstantiated complaints by the Mandatory Provident Fund Authority constitutes a reasonable excuse under s.43(1) MPFSO for non‑compliance. The appellant emphasised the commercial impact, noting it employs over 1,500 staff.
Respondent
The respondent opposed certification, contending the contested issues were not of great and general importance. The court was invited to treat the matters as fact‑specific and discreet to this appeal; the question of reasonable excuse under s.43(1) depends on factual circumstances and is not a pure point of law suitable for certification.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Section 2(1) Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Cap. 485); judgment paragraph 36

    Statutory terms are construed in context; where Parliament excludes 'housing allowance or other housing benefit' from 'relevant income', that phrase is to be read as covering only actual and real housing expenses and not mere attribution of that description to part of an employee's monetary payments.

  2. 02

    Court of First Instance reasoning on certification of points of law

    A question will be certified as one of law of great and general importance only if it transcends the facts of the particular case and raises a general legal issue; fact‑sensitive issues are inappropriate for certification.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The court refused to certify the two proposed questions because the construction issue, while affecting the appellant, was not of great and general importance, and the question on 'reasonable excuse' under s.43(1) arose from factual matters discrete to the appeal and therefore was unsuitable for certification.

Obiter and limits

  • The phrase 'actual and real expenses' should be understood to exclude mere attribution of that description to part of an employee's monetary payments.
  • The appellant's commercial scale (over 1,500 employees) does not by itself make the legal issue one of great and general importance.
  • No order as to costs was proposed unless parties made further submissions.

Court disposition

Application to certify two questions of law of great and general importance refused

  • Declined to certify the two questions proposed by the appellant
  • No order as to costs

Source and reliance status

Court of First Instance · 22 June 2007

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

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Source document

Court of First Instance

Judgment· 22 June 2007

HKSAR v. CNT SECURITY CO LTD

bjbj HCMA887/2006

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE (Appellate Jurisdiction) MAGISTRACY APPEAL NO. 887 OF 2006 (ON APPEAL FROM KTS 13906 13911 OF 2005) ---------------------

BETWEEN HKSAR Respondent and CNT SECURITY COMPANY LIMITED Appellant ( mended notice of motion in which Mr McCoy invites the court to certify as points of law of great and general importance the following matters arising from the judgment of this court delivered on 31 May 2007 (a) Whether the term housing allowance or other housing benefit in the definition of relevant income in s.2(1) of the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Cap. 485) is to be construed as encompassing only actual and real expenses of that nature; (b) Whether notification of unsubstantiated complaint(s) of a similar nature by the regulatory authority, namely the Mandatory Provident Fund Authority, constitutes a reasonable excuse, available pursuant to s.43(1) of the Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance for non-compliance of the requirement to make requisite payments under that Ordinance.

AUTONUMOUT In the course of the judgment, it was necessary for the court to construe the provisions of section 2(1) of the Ordinance in respect of the term relevant income , namely any wages, salary, leave pay fee, commission, bonus, gratuity, perquisite or allowance (other than a housing allowance or other housing benefit) expressed in monetary terms, paid or payable by an employer (directly or indirectly) to the relevant employee in consideration of his employment under that contract

AUTONUMOUT In the course of so construing that provision at paragraph 36 of the judgment, this court said this (it) is to be construed as encompassing only actual and real expenses of that nature and not the mere attribution of that description to a part of an employee s monetary payments.

AUTONUMOUT It is the phrase actual and real expenses that resonates in the terms of question (a) that is sought to be certified as of great and general importance. Whilst I accept Mr McCoy s submission that the judgment of the court does impact upon the appellant s business, it being the employer now of over 1,500 employees, and whilst it may be that other employers may be affected in a similar manner and notwithstanding Mr McCoy s attractive argument, I am not satisfied that the issue of law that arises is one that is of great and general importance

AUTONUMOUT The question sought to be certified by question (b) arises from the determination of this court in its judgment of the issue of whether or not the appellant company had a reasonable excuse for its conduct, which defence is available under the Ordinance. The issues that fell to be determined were, as Mr McCoy has candidly acknowledged, factual matters and in my judgment discreet to this appeal. I am not satisfied that an issue of law of great and general importance arises thereby. Conclusion

AUTONUMOUT In the result, I declined to certify the two questions as being issue of law of great and general importance. I have in mind to make no order as to costs unless either of the party have any other submission. No order as to costs. (Michael Lunn) Judge of the Court of First Instance High Court Mr Liu Yuen Ming, SGC of Department of Justice, for HKSAR Mr Gerard McCoy, SC, instructed by Messrs Leung, Chan & Pang, for the Appellant

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Cap. 485) s.2(1)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

Mandatory Provident Fund Schemes Ordinance (Cap. 485) s.43(1)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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