Hong Kong Judgment

Court of Appeal

MAK FU AND ANOTHER v. THE QUEEN

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The convictions were upheld because the evidence supported verdicts a reasonable jury could reach; the sentences were appropriate and the differentiation between appellants justified; therefore both appeals (conviction and sentence) were dismissed and time in custody pending appeal to count towards sentences.

Court disposition

Appeals against conviction and sentence dismissed; time in custody pending appeal to count towards sentences.

Orders

  • Appeals dismissed
  • Time spent in custody pending appeal to count towards the sentences

02

Material facts

Parties

Mak Fu

Appellant Counsel: Mr. Robert Wei

Lam Sang

Appellant Counsel: Mr. Robert Wei

The Queen

Respondent

Amounts and remedies

  • First Appellant Sentence (years): 9
  • Second Appellant Sentence (years): 7

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Criminal Appeal / Full Court Judgment on Appeal

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Appellants contended the convictions were unsafe, relying on the unreliability of accomplice evidence (Lui Sang) and submitted the verdicts were ones no reasonable jury could have reached; they also challenged the severity and differentiation of sentences.
Respondent
The Crown maintained the evidence was properly before the jury, the jury reasonably accepted the accomplice evidence, the differentiation in sentence was justified on the facts and records, and heavy sentences are appropriate for bank robbery.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Common law appellate review standard

    A jury verdict will not be disturbed on appeal unless it is one which no reasonable jury could have arrived at.

  2. 02

    Sentencing practice / Hong Kong practice

    Sentences must reflect the seriousness of the offence and relevant individual circumstances; time spent in custody pending appeal counts towards the sentence.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The convictions were upheld because the evidence supported verdicts a reasonable jury could reach; the sentences were appropriate and the differentiation between appellants justified; therefore both appeals (conviction and sentence) were dismissed and time in custody pending appeal to count towards sentences.

Obiter and limits

  • Observation that contemporary policy in Hong Kong calls for heavy sentences for bank robbery and that had the case been tried later the sentences might have been greater.

Court disposition

Appeals against conviction and sentence dismissed; time in custody pending appeal to count towards sentences.

  • Appeals dismissed
  • Time spent in custody pending appeal to count towards the sentences

Source and reliance status

Court of Appeal · 18 March 1971

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Judgment reading view

Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Court of Appeal

Judgment· 18 March 1971

MAK FU AND ANOTHER v. THE QUEEN

bjbj CACC000560/1970

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF HONG KONG (APPELLATE JURISDICTION) CRIMINAL APPEAL NO. 560 OF 1970 -----------------

BETWEEN Mak Fu Appellants Lam Sang The Queen Respondent ----------------- Coram: Full Court: Mills-Owens and Pickering, JJ. Date of Judgment: 18 March 1971 -----------------

JUDGMENT ----------------- In the Court below there were other accused persons involved. The indictment contains three counts, the first count of robbery of a bank being against all the accused; the second and third counts, which concerned possession of a revolver and ammunition, were against the first appellant only. The only accused men, that is to say apart from the first and the third accused who are the present appellants, were acquitted and discharged in the course of the trial, there being virtually no evidence against them. The trial proceeded against the two appellants, who were convicted by the jury on the first count, the second appellant unanimously and the first by a majority of six to one. The first appellant was sentenced to 9 years' imprisonment and the second to 7 years. They have had the benefit of legal aid and the assistance of counsel Mr. Robert Wei who also represented them at their trial. Mr. Wei has this morning mentioned certain features of the evidence, particularly as it affects LUI Sang, an accomplice, but all these features were put to the jury quite clearly. The record shows that Mr. Wei addressed the jury very forcefully as to the alleged unreliability of LUI Sang. The jury must have thought otherwise and we find ourselves unable to say that the verdicts are verdicts which no reasonable jury could have arrived at. Accordingly those verdicts must

be honoured, and the appeals against conviction dismissed. As regards the appeals against sentence, obviously in present-day Hong Kong any intending offender must expect to receive a heavy sentence for an offence of this kind, the robbery of a bank. Indeed, this case was tried in the middle of last year; had it been tried today, the sentences would be, if anything, greater. The learned judge differentiated between the two appellants, sentencing the first to 9 years' imprisonment and the second to 7 years, and gave good reasons for making that distinction. Taking into account all the circumstances and the records of the appellants, we see no reason to interfere with the sentences. The appeals against sentence are also dismissed, but the time spent in custody pending appeal will count towards the sentences. (Mills-Owens J.) Representation:

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