Hong Kong Judgment

Court of First Instance

RE KOKIN LTD

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Source document

01

Holding and result

Contributories failed to present a concrete, signable restructuring agreement after prolonged adjournments and the provisional liquidation jurisdiction had been used to delay enforcement; accordingly the court made winding-up orders for the five companies and ordered the provisional liquidators to continue in office.

Court disposition

Winding-up orders made in respect of the five companies; provisional liquidators to continue in office.

Orders

  • Winding-up orders made in respect of each of the five companies (including HCCW 297/2014, HCCW 298/2014, HCCW 300/2014, HCCW 301/2014)
  • The current provisional liquidators to continue in office

02

Material facts

Parties

Easy Carry Limited

Company (respondent)

K.C.K. Garment Factory Limited

Company (respondent)

China CITIC Bank International Limited

Petitioner Counsel: Mr Tony Ko (instructed by V. Hau & Chow)

Provisional Liquidators

Provisional Liquidators Counsel: Ms Janine Cheung (instructed by Stephenson Harwood)

Woo Koo Ping

Contributory Counsel: 2.W.Tai & Co

Woo Siu Hong Eric

Contributory Counsel: 2.W.Tai & Co

Ng Wai Chi

Supporting Creditor Counsel: Ms Ada Chau (Legal Aid Department)

Lai Wai Fong

Creditor

Leung Kwong Wa

Creditor

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Companies (winding Up) / Final Hearing/decision (winding Up Orders Made)

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Petitioning creditor argued that contributories failed to produce a firm, signable restructuring proposal, creditors (including employees) were owed sums and enforcement delay had been caused by prolonged provisional liquidation; accordingly winding-up orders should be made.
Respondent
Contributories (and their counsel) urged an adjournment to allow one last opportunity to produce a concrete restructuring plan dependent on realisation of associated land value and injection of capital to preserve value.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 32); judgment of this court

    Provisional liquidation exists primarily to protect company assets and preserve value for creditors pending resolution, not to effect a restructuring moratorium for contributories.

  2. 02

    Re Legend International Resorts Ltd [2006] 2 HKLRD 192; judgment of this court

    Use of provisional liquidation as a vehicle to restructure debt or create a moratorium is not the principal purpose of the jurisdiction and can amount to misuse.

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

Contributories failed to present a concrete, signable restructuring agreement after prolonged adjournments and the provisional liquidation jurisdiction had been used to delay enforcement; accordingly the court made winding-up orders for the five companies and ordered the provisional liquidators to continue in office.

Obiter and limits

  • The provisional liquidation jurisdiction has been misused in this instance as an instrument to delay creditors and pursue restructuring for contributories rather than to protect assets for creditors.
  • Once the opportunity to produce a restructuring proposal capable of being implemented is exhausted, it is inappropriate to maintain provisional liquidation indefinitely.

Court disposition

Winding-up orders made in respect of the five companies; provisional liquidators to continue in office.

  • Winding-up orders made in respect of each of the five companies (including HCCW 297/2014, HCCW 298/2014, HCCW 300/2014, HCCW 301/2014)
  • The current provisional liquidators to continue in office

Source and reliance status

Court of First Instance · 31 October 2016

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Judgment text

The complete available source text.

Source document

Court of First Instance

Judgment· 31 October 2016

RE KOKIN LTD

bjbj HCCW 297/2014

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE COMPANIES (WINDING UP) NO 297 OF 2014 _____ IN THE MATTER OF the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 32) and IN THE MATTER OF Easy Carry Limited _____ AND HCCW 298/2014

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE COMPANIES (WINDING UP) NO 298 OF 2014 _____ IN THE MATTER OF the Companies (Windi Omi gP

KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE COMPANIES (WINDING UP) NO 300 OF 2014 _____ IN THE MATTER OF the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 32) and IN THE MATTER OF K.C.K. Garment Factory Limited ( ^ gP lQ \FUmi g R gP er 2016

D E C I S I O N I have before me five winding-up petitions. The petitions were issued on 17 October 2014 on the application originally of the companies and provisional liquidators were appointed. The companies, which are all private companies, carry out associated businesses concerning garment manufacturing and have common ultimate beneficial shareholders who initiated these proceedings. The petitions have been adjourned frequently during the course of the last two years in order to give the contributories the opportunity to introduce a plan for restructuring the debt of the companies. The key to this as I have understood it has been realisation of the value of land owned by an associated company. It is not proved possible for the contributories to produce a firm proposal. By firm I mean a form of agreement which can be signed by the provisional liquidators on behalf of the various companies and whatever entity that is proposing to inject capital into the company in order to restructure its debt sufficient to satisfy its creditors. When the petition was last before me I made it clear that unless that kind of proposal was available by today s date, I would wind the five companies up. The position as it has always been on the hearing of the petitions previously is that once again the contributories have failed to produce a concrete proposal with supporting agreements. In the case

of two of the petitions HCCW 300/2014 and HCCW 301/2014, what is now the petitioning creditor, China CITIC Bank International Limited, seeks a winding-up order today and in the case of HCCW 300/2014 this is supported by various employees who I understand from the liquidators are owed in total about HKD million. I will make winding-up orders in the case of those two companies. In the case of the other three petitions I have been urged, by Mr Clifford Smith SC on behalf of the contributories, to at least adjourn those petitions in order to give the contributories one last opportunity to see if they can come up with a concrete restructuring proposal. I am not minded to do that. It is quite clear from what I have read of the papers during the course of the last year or so that the debts of the companies are interrelated and that realistically for the principal debtors which are in HCCW 300/2014 and HCCW 301/2014 to recover value in order to pay their creditors, it is necessary for them to take action to recover from the other companies in particular the company in HCCW 298/2014. In many ways what has happened during the last two years is an unsatisfactory example of the misuse of the provisional liquidation jurisdiction. Whilst the reality is that on occasions the jurisdiction, despite the decision of Court of Appeal in Re Legend International Resorts Ltd [2006] 2 HKLRD 192, has

continued to be used as a mechanism through which the debt particularly of listed companies is restructured, it is quite clear that that is not the principal purpose of the jurisdiction. In Hong Kong, the purpose is primarily to allow the court to appoint provisional liquidators to protect the assets of a company in order that their value is maintained for the benefit of creditors. In the present case it seems to have been assumed when the provisional liquidation application was made, what would effectively be achieved was a moratorium on the enforcement of debt and a structured mechanism for restructuring for the benefit in part of the contributories who of course, as the companies are insolvent, did not have a material interest qua shareholders in the companies. As a result this matter has dragged on, in large part I admit because when it became apparent to me that matter was not proceeding satisfactorily, it still seemed sensible all the time the creditors and the provisional liquidators thought there might be some possibility of the debt being restructured, to allow the provisional liquidations to continue in the hope that it would prove beneficial for creditors. Clearly the stage has now been reached where it would be inappropriate to continue to allow the provisional liquidations to continue and I will therefore make the normal winding-up orders in respect of each of the

five companies. I will also order that the current provisional liquidators continue in office. (Jonathan Harris) Judge of the Court of First Instance High Court Ms Janine Cheung, instructed by Stephenson Harwood, for the provisional liquidators (in all actions) Mr Clifford Smith SC and Mr Edward Tang, instructed by S hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y h&dP gdZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y h&dP hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y tltc^ZVQLQ h&dP hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y h&dP gd;? hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y h&dP hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y nia\ hZ%Y hZ%Y hZ%Y hP%/ hZ%Y hZ%Y 2.W.Tai & Co, for the contributories Woo Koo Ping and Woo Siu Hong Eric (in all actions) Mr Tony Ko, instructed by V. Hau & Chow, for the petitioner China CITIC Bank International Limited (in HCCW 300/2014 & HCCW 301/2014) Ms Ada Chau of the Legal Aid Department, for the supporting creditor Ng Wai Chi (in HCCW 300/2014) Lai Wai Fong, a creditor, appeared in person (in HCCW 300/2014) Leung Kwong Wa, a creditor, appeared in person (in HCCW 300/2014) Attendance of the Official Receiver was excused

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Authorities

Authorities used by the court

Cases, legislation, regulations, and constitutional provisions identified in the available record.

Re Legend International Resorts Ltd [2006] 2 HKLRD 192

Case cited

Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap 32)

Legislation

Legislation referenced in the available case record.

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