香港特別行政區 訴 曾耀光

香港特別行政區 訴 曾耀光

The correct sentencing methodology is (1) deduct transfers between accounts under the defendant's control to avoid double counting when quantifying the actual criminal proceeds, (2) determine the sentencing benchmark on that net amount, and (3) adjust the sentence upward to reflect the seriousness of any...

Source-derived case information.

Citation
[2024] HKCA 1062
Parties
Appellant: TSANG YIU KONG (曾耀光); Respondent: The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
Court
Court of Appeal
Jurisdiction
Hong Kong
Judgment Date
15 November 2024
Case Number
CACC77/2022
Procedural Posture
Criminal Appeal Against Sentence / Court of Appeal Judgment (appeal Allowed)
Outcome
Appeal allowed; original sentence quashed and replaced by a sentence that results in immediate release
Legal Topics
Money Laundering, Sentencing Principles, Double Counting of Proceeds, Cross‑account Transfers, Forensic Accounting Evidence
Source Language
ct
Criminal Law Anti‑money Laundering Sentencing Law Money Laundering Sentencing Principles Double Counting of Proceeds Cross‑account Transfers Forensic Accounting Evidence

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Parties

TSANG YIU KONG (曾耀光)

Appellant

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

Respondent

Procedural Posture

Criminal Appeal Against Sentence / Court of Appeal Judgment (appeal Allowed)

  1. 1 Whether cross‑account transfers between accounts under a defendant's control should be deducted to avoid double counting when quantifying proceeds for sentencing
  2. 2 Whether repeated transfers (cross‑deposits) between accounts amount to layering and increase culpability
  3. 3 Proper methodology for setting sentencing benchmark and adjusting for multi‑layered laundering

Ratio Decidendi

The correct sentencing methodology is (1) deduct transfers between accounts under the defendant's control to avoid double counting when quantifying the actual criminal proceeds, (2) determine the sentencing benchmark on that net amount, and (3) adjust the sentence upward to reflect the seriousness of any multi‑layered/‘layering’ conduct; applying this method here required reducing the appellant's effective sentence and resulted in immediate release after accounting for time served and discretionary remission.

Court Disposition

Appeal allowed; original sentence quashed and replaced by a sentence that results in immediate release

Orders

  • Original sentence quashed
  • Substituted sentence imposed (reduced to reflect deduction of cross‑deposits and uplift for layering) resulting in immediate release of the appellant