Hong Kong Judgment

Court of First Instance

UNIBO TRADING LTD v. COOL TECH LAUNDRY LTD

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Source document

01

Holding and result

The appeal was dismissed because the additional experts sought were not necessary, relevant or of probative value: a statistics expert would not assist in determining defects of tested goods and a trade custom expert was irrelevant where both parties accepted a contract existed and the dispute concerned defects and approvals already alleged to have occurred.

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed; Registrar's order affirmed

Orders

  • Appeal dismissed.
  • Registrar Chan's order of 4 April 2007 limiting each party to one expert witness is affirmed.
  • Leave to file and exchange textile expert reports within 63 days as ordered by the Registrar remains in effect.

02

Material facts

Parties

Unibo trading limited

Plaintiff Counsel: Mr Ho Chee Choi, Jimmie, instructed by Messrs Liu, Chan and Lam

COOL TECH LAUNDRY LIMITED

Defendant Counsel: Mr Samson Hung, instructed by Messrs Dominic Y. K. Lai & Co.

Amounts and remedies

  • Expert Limit Per Party: 1
  • Filing Deadline Days: 63

03

Procedural history

  1. Posture

    Interlocutory Appeal Against Registrar's Order (civil) / Chambers Decision on Admissibility of Expert Evidence; Appeal From Registrar Chan's Order of 4 April 2007

04

Questions and positions

Legal issues

Party arguments

Applicant
Defendant sought leave to call three experts in total: an expert on statistics of textile product examination and an expert on trade custom, arguing those experts were necessary to support its defence and counterclaim.
Respondent
Plaintiff opposed additional experts, contending samples were submitted and approved and that additional expert evidence was unnecessary because the trial judge can determine defects from tested goods; registrar's limitation to one expert each was appropriate.

05

Court’s reasoning

  1. 01

    Lam Lai Ying v. Choi Min and Min Xin Insurance Co. Ltd. [2006] 3 HKLRD 572

    Expert evidence admissibility test: necessity, relevance and probative value

  2. 02

    Judgment (Sakhrani J, 14 May 2007)

    Determination of whether goods were defective is a matter for the trial judge based on tested samples and expert evidence on those samples

06

Ratio, limits and disposition

Ratio decidendi

The appeal was dismissed because the additional experts sought were not necessary, relevant or of probative value: a statistics expert would not assist in determining defects of tested goods and a trade custom expert was irrelevant where both parties accepted a contract existed and the dispute concerned defects and approvals already alleged to have occurred.

Obiter and limits

  • Registrar had given leave to file and exchange textile expert reports within 63 days of the checklist hearing
  • The pleaded trade custom required approval before contract formation but was immaterial when both parties accepted there was a contract
  • A trial judge, not a statistics expert on examination methodology, should assess whether washed and dyed goods were defective based on tested samples

Court disposition

Appeal dismissed; Registrar's order affirmed

  • Appeal dismissed.
  • Registrar Chan's order of 4 April 2007 limiting each party to one expert witness is affirmed.
  • Leave to file and exchange textile expert reports within 63 days as ordered by the Registrar remains in effect.

Source and reliance status

Court of First Instance · 14 May 2007

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Judgment text

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Source document

Court of First Instance

Judgment· 14 May 2007

UNIBO TRADING LTD v. COOL TECH LAUNDRY LTD

bjbj HCA 16/2006

IN THE HIGH COURT OF THE

HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION

COURT OF FIRST INSTANCE ACTION NO. 16 OF 2006

BETWEEN Unibo trading limited Plaintiff and

COOL TECH LAUNDRY LIMITED Defendant Before : Hon Sakhrani J in Chambers Date of Hearing : 14 May 2007 Date of Judgment : 14 May 2007

J U D G M E N T

AUTONUMOUT This is an appeal from an order of Mr Registrar Chan given on 4 April 2007. As I understand it, the defendant wishes to call three expert witnesses and the Registrar has limited the parties to the calling of one expert witness each. By his order made on a checklist review the Registrar gave leave to the plaintiff and the defendant to file and exchange textile expert reports within 63 days from the date of the checklist hearing. He limited the calling of the expert to one expert witness at the trial.

AUTONUMOUT The defendant wishes to call two more experts. The first, as I understand it, the defendant wishes to call an expert to give evidence on statistics on the examination of textile products and the defendant also wishes to call an expert to give evidence on trade custom.

AUTONUMOUT As to the expert on statistics on the examination of textile products, I bear in mind that the test as to whether or not expert evidence should be given is one of necessity, relevance and probative value (Lam Lai Ying v. Choi Min and Min Xin Insurance Co. Ltd. [2006] 3 HKLRD 572).

AUTONUMOUT Nothing that Mr Hung, on behalf of the defendant, has said persuades me that such an expert to give evidence on statistics on the examination of textile products is either necessary, relevant or of probative value for the trial. It seems to me that it would be a matter for the trial judge to determine whether the goods that were washed and dyed by the defendant were defective as alleged by the plaintiff. That is a matter for the expert to give evidence on goods that had been tested including samples, and the goods that were eventually delivered after washing and dyeing by the defendant. I do not see how an expert on statistics on how textile products are examined can assist.

AUTONUMOUT As regards an expert on trade custom, as I understand it, the amended defence and counterclaim pleads under the particulars of paragraph 4(b)(iii) that there was a trade custom that the submission of samples should be divided into 2 stages. Firstly, colour samples or shade bands should be submitted for Next s approval and secondly, that there should be the 1st bath of the samples to make sure that the garments when dyed in bulk should correspond not only with the colour requirement but satisfy other quality requirements as colour fastness, tensile strength and slim slippage. It is pleaded that until the plaintiff approved the samples there would be no contract between the plaintiff and the defendant.

AUTONUMOUT It is the plaintiff s case that the samples were submitted to Next for approval and that they were approved. It was only after approval of the samples that the washing and dyeing occurred. I do not see how it can be said that any evidence on the trade custom that I have mentioned is of any probative value at the trial. The defendant s case is that samples were submitted for approval before it embarked upon washing and dyeing. The plaintiff s case is that samples were approved. I really cannot see how a trade custom which is pleaded that there should be no contract until approval is of any relevance when it is accepted by both parties that there was a contract between them.

AUTONUMOUT It seems to me that the Registrar was right to refuse the order sought by the defendant to call two additional experts and I would dismiss the appeal. (Arjan H. Sakhrani) Judge of the Court of First Instance, High Court Mr Ho Chee Choi, Jimmie, instructed by Messrs Liu, Chan and Lam, for the Plaintiff Mr Samson Hung, instructed by Messrs Dominic Y. K. Lai & Co., for the Defendant

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Authorities

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Lam Lai Ying v. Choi Min and Min Xin Insurance Co. Ltd. [2006] 3 HKLRD 572

Case cited

Unibo Trading Limited v Cool Tech Laundry Limited HCA 16/2006 (Sakhrani J, 14 May 2007)

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