Doe & ors v Commissioner of An Garda Siochana & ors (Approved) [2025] IESC 44 (07 November 2025)

Doe & ors v Commissioner of An Garda Siochana & ors (Approved) [2025] IESC 44 (07 November 2025)

The Constitution and the European Convention on Human Rights guarantee the right to have one's correct identity officially recognised and recorded, but do not require the State to issue new or inaccurate birth or marriage certificates in assumed names for participants in the witness protection programme. The absence of a legislative mechanism for such certificates does not violate constitutional rights to identity, life, dignity, or equality. The creation of such a mechanism is a matter for the Oireachtas, not the courts.

Citation
[2025] IESC 44
Parties
Plaintiff/appellant: Robert Doe; Plaintiff/appellant: Jane Doe; Plaintiff/appellant: Alan Doe (a minor suing by his mother and next friend Jane Doe); Plaintiff/appellant: Brendan Doe (a minor suing by his mother and next friend Jane Doe); Plaintiff/appellant: Ciara Doe (a minor suing by her mother and next friend Jane Doe); Plaintiff/appellant: Darren Doe (a minor suing by his mother and next friend Jane Doe); Defendant/respondent: The Commissioner of An Garda Síochána; Defendant/respondent: The Minister for Justice and Equality; Defendant/respondent: Ireland; Defendant/respondent: The Attorney General
Jurisdiction
Ireland
Judgment Date
07 November 2025
Procedural Posture
Constitutional and Administrative Law Appeal / Supreme Court Judgment on Appeal From High Court
Outcome
Appeal dismissed
Legal Topics
Right to Identity, Birth Certificates, Witness Protection, Equality Before the Law, Right to Life, Dignity, European Convention on Human Rights, Civil Registration Act 2004

Case Brief

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Parties

Robert Doe

Plaintiff/appellant

Jane Doe

Plaintiff/appellant

Alan Doe (a minor suing by his mother and next friend Jane Doe)

Plaintiff/appellant

Brendan Doe (a minor suing by his mother and next friend Jane Doe)

Plaintiff/appellant

Ciara Doe (a minor suing by her mother and next friend Jane Doe)

Plaintiff/appellant

Darren Doe (a minor suing by his mother and next friend Jane Doe)

Plaintiff/appellant

The Commissioner of An Garda Síochána

Defendant/respondent

The Minister for Justice and Equality

Defendant/respondent

Ireland

Defendant/respondent

The Attorney General

Defendant/respondent

Procedural Posture

Constitutional and Administrative Law Appeal / Supreme Court Judgment on Appeal From High Court

  1. 1 Whether the Constitution or the European Convention on Human Rights requires the State to provide new birth and marriage certificates in assumed names to participants in the witness protection programme
  2. 2 Whether the absence of a legislative mechanism for such certificates violates constitutional rights, including the right to identity, right to life, dignity, and equality before the law

Ratio Decidendi

The Constitution and the European Convention on Human Rights guarantee the right to have one's correct identity officially recognised and recorded, but do not require the State to issue new or inaccurate birth or marriage certificates in assumed names for participants in the witness protection programme. The absence of a legislative mechanism for such certificates does not violate constitutional rights to identity, life, dignity, or equality. The creation of such a mechanism is a matter for the Oireachtas, not the courts.

Court Disposition

Appeal dismissed

Orders

  • No declaration of unconstitutionality granted
  • No order requiring the State to provide new birth or marriage certificates in assumed names