UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRANKUNDA

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRANKUNDA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-03-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00487/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. IRANKUNDA

[Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00487/2024/CA (Umugwaneza, P.J.,) 28 Werurwe 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi – Urebwa n’ingingo ya 264 y’itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, agomba kuba ari umuntu wakoze igikorwa cyorohereza ushaka ibiyobyabwenge kubibona, akaba nta gikorwa na kimwe kimusanisha n’ababicuruza cyangwa ababitunda. Mu gihe Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko uwo burega ari umufatanyacyaha w’abakwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, bugomba kugaragaza igikorwa gifatika kimugira umufatanyacyaha, nko kuba hari ibiyobyabwenge afatanwe, kuba hari iminzani cyangwa ibikoresho bibikwamo ibiyobyabwenge bibonetse iwe, kuba ariwe wakiriye ikiguzi cy’ibiyobyabwenge n’ibindi. Incamake y’ikibazo: Polisi yafatanye Ndayambaje Théoneste alias Motard na Irankunda Samson udupfunyika ibihumbi dutandatu (6.000) tw’urumogi, maze bashyikirizwa Ubugenzacyaha. Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwabakurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, bagamije kurucuruza, bubaregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, busaba ko byabahama, buri wese agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda milioni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw). Ndayambaje Théoneste yaburanye yemera icyaha anagisabira imbabazi, naho Irankunda

Samson yaburanye ahakana icyaha avuga ko atamenye iby’urwo rumogi, ko we yagombaga gufata amafaranga gusa. Uwitwa Shimirwamana Gad yisunze ikirego cy’Ubushinjacyaha atanga ikirego cy’indishyi asaba ko yahabwa moto ye ifite plaque RE 859 X yari itwawe na Ndayambaje Théoneste, akaba yari yarayimuhaye nk’umumotari ngo ajye amuverisa amafaranga, akaba yaratunguwe no kumva iyo moto ye yafatiwe mu biyobyabwenge. Urukiko rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, rwahamije Ndayambaje Théoneste na Irankunda Samson icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi bagamije kurucuruza, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka umunani (8ans) n’ihazabu ya milioni icumi (10.000.000Frw), ruhanisha kandi Irankunda Samson igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25ans) n’ihazabu ya milioni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw), maze rutegeka ko Shimirwamana Gad asubizwa moto ye. Ndayambaje Théoneste na Irankunda Samson, bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, Ndayambaje asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano no kugisubikirwa. Irankunda asaba kwitwa icyitso mu icuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge, bityo akaba yagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Ndayambaje Théoneste yagabanyirijwe ibihano bihagije kuko yari guhabwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya milioni eshanu (5.000.000Frw), bityo nta

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cyahinduka ku bihano yahanishijwe. Bukomeza buvuga ko kuri Irankunda Samson, hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha nubwo agihakana bityo yagumishwa kubihano yahanishijwe. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwemeje ko ku bijyanye n’isubikagihano uregwa yasabye atabihabwa kuko igihano yahanishijwe kirengeje igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5), rwemeza kandi ko Irankunda Samson atakwitwa icyitso nkuko yabisabye kuko atagaragaza uburyo yorohereje abari mubucuruzi bw’urumogi kandi nawe yari muri icyo gikorwa, rusanga ariko nubwo ahunga icyaha akwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha mu nkiko, bityo ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse ku ihazabu gusa, bityo ko Irankunda Samson ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga milioni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) mu mwanya w’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu ya milioni icumi (10.000.000Frw), naho ku bijyanye na Irankunda Samson, urubanza ruhindutse ku gifungo n’ihazabu gusa. Irankunda Samson yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze asaba guhindurirwa inyito y’icyaha no kugabanyirizwa ibihano maze agahamwa n’icyaha cyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kuko yohererejwe kwakira amafaranga y’urumogi rutari urwe. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Irankunda Samson

zidafite ishingingo kuko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe mubugenzacyaha ndetse n’imvugo ze mubugenzacyaha bigaragaza ko yari mu ruhererekane rwo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye, bityo ko urubanza rwajuririwe rugumaho kuko uregwa atavuguruza ibimenyetso Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rwashingiyeho rumuhamya icyaha. Incamake y’icyemezo: Urebwa n’ingingo ya 264 y’itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, agomba kuba ari umuntu wakoze igikorwa cyorohereza ushaka ibiyobyabwenge kubibona, akaba nta gikorwa na kimwe kimusanisha n’ababicuruza cyangwa ababitunda. Mu gihe Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko uwo burega ari umufatanyacyaha w’abakwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, bugomba kugaragaza igikorwa gifatika kimugira umufatanyacyaha, nko kuba hari ibiyobyabwenge afatanwe, kuba hari iminzani cyangwa ibikoresho bibikwamo ibiyobyabwenge bibonetse iwe, kuba ariwe wakiriye ikiguzi cy’ibiyobyabwenge n’ibindi. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite.

Amategeko yashingiweho:

Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00479/2021/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Mukakimenyi Asuma hamwe na Ahishakiye Jean Claude, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/05/2023. Urubanza

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I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 04/10/2022, mu Mudugudu wa Giramata, Akagari ka Kanyirabigogo mu Murenge wa Kanzenze, Polisi, ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge(ANU) yafatanye Ndayambaje Théoneste alias Motard na Irankunda Samson udupfunyika ibihumbi dutandatu (6.000) tw’urumogi, ubwo Ndayambaje yari aruhetse kuri moto ifite plaque RE 859 X, akaba ari nawe wabanje gufatwa maze ahamagara Irankunda Samson nk’abafatanyije, amubwira aho amusanga, aje nawe arafatwa. Bashyikirizwa Ubugenzacyaha. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwabakurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, bagamije kurucuruza, bubaregera Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, busaba ko byabahama, buri wese agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda milioni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw). [3] Ndayambaje Théoneste yaburanye yemera icyaha anagisabira imbabazi, avuga ko yatwaye urumogi azi neza ko arirwo, aruhawe na Irankunda Samson ari kumwe na Hashakimana. Irankunda Samson yaburanye ahakana icyaha avuga ko atamenye iby’urwo rumogi, ko we yagombaga gufata amafaranga gusa. [4] Uwitwa Shimirwamana Gad yisunze ikirego cy’Ubushinjacyaha atanga ikirego cy’indishyi asaba ko yahabwa moto ye ifite plaque RE 859 X yari itwawe na Ndayambaje Théoneste, akaba yari yarayimuhaye nk’umumotari ngo ajye amuverisa amafaranga, akaba yaratunguwe no kumva iyo

moto ye yafatiwe mu biyobyabwenge. [5] Mu rubanza RP 00732/2022/TGI/RBV, rwaciwe ku wa 17/11/2022, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, rwasanze moto ifite plaque RE 859 X yo mu bwoko bwa TVS Victor GLX ari iya Shimirwamana Gad nkuko byagaragajwe n’amasezerano y’ubukode hagati ye na Ndayambaje Théoneste yo ku wa 10/08/2019 bityo ko agomba kuyisubizwa. Rusanga hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko Ndayambaje Théoneste na Irankunda Samson, bakoze icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi bagamije kurucuruza, aribyo: Imvugo ya Ndayambaje Théoneste mu nzego z’iperereza ndetse no mu rukiko aho yemeye icyaha anashinja mugenzi we Irankunda Samson, anagaragaza uburyo urwo rumogi yafatanwe yarubonye; Imvugo z’abatangabuhamya babashinja; Raporo y’inzego z’ibanze igaragaza uburyo Ndayambaje na Irankunda bafatiwe mu Mudugudu wa Giramata bafite urumogi rungana n’udupfunyika 6.000 byari mu mumufuka w’umweru urimo n’ibirayi; Inyandiko mvugo y’ifatira Ndayambaje Théoneste na Irankunda Samson bashyizeho umukono wabo, bemera ko urumogi bafatanwe ari urwabo (udupfunyika 6.000). Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso, rwahamije Ndayambaje Théoneste na Irankunda Samson icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi bagamije kurucuruza. Ruhanisha Ndayambaje Théoneste igifungo cy’imyaka umunani(8ans) n’ihazabu ya milioni icumi (10.000.000Frw). Ruhanisha Irankunda Samson igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25 ans) n’ihazabu ya milioni

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makumyabiri(20.000.000Frw). Rutegeka ko Shimirwamana Gad asubizwa moto ye ifite plaque RE 859 X yo mu bwoko bwa TVS Victor GLX. [6] Ndayambaje Théoneste na Irankunda Samson, bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, Ndayambaje asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano no kugisubikirwa. Irankunda asaba kwitwa icyitso mu icuruzwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge bityo agabanyirizwe ibihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. [7] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Ndayambaje Théoneste yagabanyirijwe ibihano bihagije kuko yari guhabwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya milioni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) bityo nta cyahinduka ku bihano yahanishijwe. Bukomeza buvuga ko kuri Irankunda Samson, hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha nubwo agihakana bityo yagumishwa kubihano yahanishijwe. [8] Mu rubanza RPA 00887/2022/HC/MUS, rwaciwe ku wa 30/05/2024, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwasanze Ndayambaje Théoneste yaragabanyirijwe ibihano bihagije hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’itegeko N 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko no 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ariko ko akwiriye kugabanyirizwa gusa ihazabu hakurikijwe iyo ngingo ya 2.Rusanga ku bijyanye n’isubikagihano yasabye atabihabwa kuko igihano yahanishijwe kirengeje igifungo cy’imyaka itanu (5). Rusanga kuri Irankunda Samson atakwitwa icyitso kuko atagaragaza uburyo yorohereje abari mubucuruzi bw’urumogi kandi nawe yari muri icyo

gikorwa, akaba yari kwakira mafaranga yishyurwe.Rusanga ariko nubwo ahunga icyaha akwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha mu nkiko. Rwemeza ko Ndayambaje Théoneste ahanishijwe ihazabu ya milioni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) aho kuba milioni icumi (10.000.000Frw). Rwemeza ko kuri Ndayambaje Théoneste, urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse ku ihazabu gusa. Rwemeza ko Irankunda Samson ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga milioni eshanu(5.000.000Frw) mu mwanya w’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu ya milioni icumi(10.000.000Frw). Rwemeza ko urubanza rwajuririwe na Irankunda Samson ruhindutse ku gifungo n’ihazabu gusa. [9] Irankunda Samson yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00487/2024/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 06/03/2025, Irankunda Samson yunganiwe na Me Musabwa Frédéric, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Ntawangundi Béatrice, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’igihugu. [10] Irankunda Samson n’umwunganira Me Musabwa K. Frédéric, basaba ko yahindurirwa inyito y’icyaha agahanirwa korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kuko yohererejwe kwakira amafaranga y’urumogi rutari urwe kandi n’abatangabuhamya barabigaragaje ariko Urukiko Rukuru ntirwabiha agaciro. Basaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano kuko yemeye uruhare rwe atagoye ubutabera. [11] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko impamvu za Irankunda Samson zidafite ishingingo kuko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe mu bugenzacyaha ndetse n’imvugo ze mubugenzacyaha bigaragaza ko yari mu ruhererekane rwo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye. Busanga kandi yarafatanwe ingano nini y’urumogi (udupfunyika ibihumbi bitandatu) yaragiye kugurisha ngo

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bamwishyure amafaranga aruvuyemo nubwo atabyemera. Bukomeza Busaba ko hagumaho ibihano yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze. [12] Hakurikijwe izo mpaka, muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Irankunda Samson yahaniwe icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza aho guhanirwa icyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge ndetse no kumenya niba yagabanyirizwa igihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Ibyerekeye kumenya niba Irankunda Samson yahaniwe icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza aho guhanirwa icyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge. [13] Mu mwanzuro we w’ubujurire no mu miburanire ye, Irankunda Samson, avuga ko yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze asaba guhindurirwa inyito y’icyaha no kugabanyirizwa ibihano ariko Urukiko rurabyirengagiza. Asobanura ko uwitwa Hashakimana yahaye Ndayambaje Théoneste urumogi aruzanire Mukagakuba, we yoherezwa na Hashakimana kujya kwakira amafaranga Mukagakuba yagombaga kwishyura Hashakimana kuri urwo rumogi. Akaba yarasobanuriye Urukiko uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ry’icyaha, ko adakwiye kwitwa umufatanyacyaha ko ahubwo akwiye gufatwa nk’uworohereje undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kuko yohererejwe kwakira amafaranga y’urumogi rutari urwe. Asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kubisuzuma no

kumuhindurira inyito y’icyaha, agahamwa n’icyaha cyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge. [14] Me Musabwa Frédéric umwunganira, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rutaritaye kuruhare ruto Irankunda Samson yagaragayemo mu ikorwa ry’icyaha bituma adahindurirwa inyito y’icyaha, rukaba kandi rutaritaye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya aho bagiye bemeza ko Irankunda Samson yoherejwe kwakira amafaranga y’urumogi rutari urwe kandi akaba ataranarukozeho. Akomeza asobanura ko Ubushinjacyaha butarigeze bugaragaza ko IRANKUNDA acuruza, atunda, abika urumogi bityo bakumva ko yahamwa n’icyaha yemera hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2641 y’Itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange.

[15] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Irankunda Samson zidafite ishingingo kuko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe mubugenzacyaha ndetse n’imvugo ze mubugenzacyaha bigaragaza ko yari mu ruhererekane rwo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye.Akomeza asobanura ko uwitwa Ndayambaje Théoneste wari utwaye urumogi kuri moto, amaze gufatwa, yavuze ko atariwe nyirurumogi, bamusaba guhamagara nyirarwo, ahamagara Irankunda Samson amubeshya ko moto imupfiriyeho, aza aje kumureba arafatwa.

1 Iteganya ko” umuntu wese ufasha undi kubona uburyo bumworoheye bwo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nkabyo, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’Urukiko, ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itatu (3) ariko kitarenze imyaka itanu (5) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda atari munsi ya milioni eshatu(3.000.000Frw) ariko atarenze milioni eshanu(5.000.000Frw) …”

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Asoza asaba ko urubanza rwajuririwe rugumaho kuko Irankunda Samson atavuguruza ibimenyetso Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rwashingiyeho rumuhamya icyaha.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, mu kwemeza ko Irankunda Samson ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza aho guhanirwa icyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge. [17] Ibirebana n’umuntu ufasha undi kubona uburyo bumworoheye bwo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA 00479/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 18/05/2023, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mukakimenyi Asuma hamwe na Ahishakiye Jean Claude, muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw'Ubujurire rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko "urebwa n’ingingo ya 264 y’itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange2, agomba kuba ari umuntu wakoze igikorwa cyorohereza ushaka ibiyobyabwenge kubibona, akaba nta gikorwa na kimwe kimusanisha n’ababicuruza cyangwa ababitunda. Mu gihe Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko uwo burega ari umufatanyacyaha w’abakwirakwiza ibiyobyabwenge, bugomba kugaragaza igikorwa gifatika kimugira umufatanyacyaha, nko kuba hari ibiyobyabwenge afatanwe, kuba hari iminzani cyangwa ibikoresho bibikwamo ibiyobyabwenge bibonetse iwe, kuba ariwe wakiriye ikiguzi cy’ibiyobyabwenge n’ibindi3”. [18] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, rwahamije Irankunda Samson na Ndayambaje Théoneste icyaha cyo

gutunda, kubika, gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi bagamije kurucuruza. Rukaba rwahamije Irankunda Samson icyo cyaha rushingiye ku mvugo za Ndayambaje Théoneste mu nzego z’iperereza ndetse no mu rukiko aho yemeye icyaha anashinja mugenzi we Irankunda Samson anagaragaza uburyo urwo rumogi yafatanwe yarubonye, imvugo z’abatangabuhamya Mukagakuba Marie Joseé na Habanabakize Jean Marie Vianney babashinja gukora icyo cyaha banasobanura uko bagikoze ubwo babazwaga mubugenzacyaha, rwanashingiye no kuri raporo y’inzego z’ibanze igaragaza uburyo Ndayambaje na Irankunda bafatiwe mu Mudugudu wa Giramata bafite urumogi rungana n’udupfunyika 6.000 byari mu mumufuka w’umweru urimo n’ibirayi ndetse rwanashingiye ku nyandiko mvugo y’ifatira ry’urumogi rungana n’udupfunyika 6.000, Ndayambaje na Irankunda bafatanwe banashyiraho umukono bemera ko ari urwabo hamwe n’ifoto igaragaza Ndayambaje na Irankunda bafite urumogi bafatanwe. Mu bujurire mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, Irankunda Samson yajuriye asaba guhindurirwa inyito y’icyaha, asaba ko yahanirwa kuba icyitso ku cyaha cyo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kuko yohererejwe n’uwitwa Hashakimana gufata amafaranga yari kugurwa urumogi, akayamuzanira.Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwasanze Irankunda Samson atakwitwa icyitso kuko atagaragaza uburyo yorohereje abari mubucuruzi bw’urumogi kandi nawe yari muri icyo gikorwa, akaba yari kwakira mafaranga yishyurwe, anareba ko inzira

2 Irebana n’abantu bafasha abandi kubona ibiyobyabwenge

3 Reba igika cya 41-42.

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zinyuzwamo urumogi nta kibazo kirimo. Rushingira ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya Mukagakuba Marie Joseé na Habanabakize Jean Marie Vianney bamushinja ndetse no ku mvugo ze abazwa mubugenzacyaha aho yasobanuye ko yatumwe n’uwitwa Hashakimana ngo ajyane na Ndayambaje w’umumotari, bajyanire urumogi udupfunyika 6.000 umuguzi amubwira ko ariwe yizeye ko yakira amafaranga akayamugezaho, akavuga ko yashishikajwe no kujyayo kuko Hashakimana yari amurimo amafaranga 300.000 yari yamugurishije inka ariko mu bugenzacyaha yabajijwe inyandiko n’abatangabuhamya baguze inka arabibura.Rushingira kuri ibyo bimenyetso ruhamishaho icyaha yahamijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwakoze mu gukomeza guhamya Irankunda Samson icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza kubera ibimenyetso rwashingiyeho bigaragaza ibikorwa bye mu ikorwa ry’icyo cyaha ari nabyo byashingiweho n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu rumuhamya icyaha, birimo: Ukwemera icyaha kwa Ndayambaje Théoneste baregewe hamwe, akemera icyaha akanamushinja aho mu mvugo ze abazwa mubugenzacyaha yagaragaje ko urumogi yafatanwe(udupfunyika 6.000) yaruhawe na Irankunda Samson, asobanura ko yari arujyaniye umukiriya bavuganaga kuri terefoni arumugejejeho arafatwa4. Mu mvugo ze abazwa mubugenzacyaha, yanagaragaje ko umukiriya yari yazaniye urwo rumogi babanje kuvugana kuri terefoni amubwira ko ajya kwa Hashakimana ngo amuhe umuzigo amaze gutegura, ahagiye ahasanga Irankunda Samson n’undi musore atazi izina, nibwo Irankunda yamuhaga uwo muzigo, arawutwara ariko Irankunda aza amukurikiye kuko ariwe wari buhabwe amafaranga, amugezeho nawe bahita bamufata5.

Imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bashinja Irankunda Samson harimo Mukagakuba Marie Joseé, aho mubugenzacyaha abazwa yagaragaje ko akorana n’aba polisi, akaba yarigize umukiriya, avugana n’uwitwa Hashakimana kugira ngo amuhe urumogi, amuhuza na Ndayambaje Théoneste waje kumuzanira urumogi ariko Irankunda akajya ahamagara Ndayambaje bamubaza uwo ariwe, ababwira ko ari we umugenda imbere, akamunekera ndetse akamenya niba umuzigo wishyuwe, bamubwira nawe kumuhamagara, ahageze baramufata, asobanura ko babafatanye udupfunyika 6.000 tw’urumogi, Irankunda akaba yarabemereye ko akorana na Ndayambaje ariko bigaragara ko afatanyije na Hashakimana6 (uyu ntibabashije kumufata). Ubuhamya bwa Habanabakize Jean Marie Vianney, akaba ari n’umupolisi wafashe Ndayambaje na Irankunda, aho abazwa mubugenzacyaha, yasobanuye uburyo yarafitanye gahunda na Mukagakuba wari wigize umukiriya, baza kubanza gufata Ndayambaje, bamufatana udupfunyika 6.000 tw’urumogi arutwaye kuri moto, bamubaza aho arukura ababwira ko yaruhawe na Irankunda, asobanura n’uburyo Irankunda nawe yaje gufatwa7.

4 Reba inyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 04/10/2022, Ndayambaje Théoneste, abazwa mubugenzacyaha (Ikibazo cya 2 n’icya 3 n’ibisubizo byabyo).

5 Reba ikibazo cya 4 n’icya 7 n’ibisubizo byabyo, Ndayambaje abazwa mubugenzacyaha.

6Reba inyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 04/10/2022, Mukagakuba Marie Joseé abazwa mubugenzacyaha.

7Reba inyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 04/10/2022, Habanabakize Jean Marie Vianney, abazwa mubugenzacyaha.

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Inyandiko mvugo y’ifatira igaragaza ingano y’urumogi bafatanwe (udupfunyika 6.000), ikaba iriho n’imikono yabo (iya Ndayamabaje na Irankunda) bemera ko urwo rumogi ari urwabo, igashimangirwa n’ifoto bafashwe bafite urwo rumogi ndetse na raporo y’inzego z’ibanze isobanura uburyo bafatanwe udupfunyika 6.000 tw’urumogi8.

[20] Hashingiwe kuri ibyo bimenyetso bisobanuwe mugika kibanza ari nabyo inkiko zibanza zashingiyeho zihamya Irankunda Samson icyaha cyo gutunda, kubikano gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza, hashingiwe kandi no kuba ibyo bimenyetso Irankunda Samson atabashije kubivuguruza, akaba ndetse mu mvugo ze abazwa mubushinjacyaha yemeye icyaha asobanura ko acyemera kuko yafatiwe mu cyuho we na Ndayambaje, asobanura uko bagikoze9, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo bimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha yahamijwe cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza.

[21] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, rurasanga kandi ibyo Irankunda Samson n’umwunganira bavuga ko adakwiye kwitwa umufatanyacyaha ko ahubwo akwiye gufatwa nk’uworohereje undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kuko yohererejwe kwakira amafaranga y’urumogi rutari urwe, bakaba basaba guhindurirwa inyito y’icyaha bashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 264 y’itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, bidafite ishingiro kuko ibikorwa yakoze nkuko byagaragajwe mubimenyetso (gufatanwa udupfunyika 6.000 tw’urumogi agashyira umukono we ku nyandiko mvugo y’ifatira, gushinjwa na Ndayambaje ko urwo rumogi ari urwe, kwemera icyaha kwe mubushinjacyaha agasobanura ko yafatiwe mu cyuho,…) inkiko zibanza zashingiweho zimuhamya icyaha zagarutsweho haruguru, bihabanye n’ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 264 bashingiyeho ndetse bikaba binyuranye n’ibivugwa mu murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA 00479/2021/CA bityo akaba agumye ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza aho kuba icyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge nkuko yabivuze.

2.Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba Irankunda Samson akwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano.

[22] Irankunda Samson n’umwunganira basaba ko yagabanyirizwa igihano ku cyaha yemera cyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge kuko yohererejwe na Hashakimana kujya kwakira amafaranga Mukagakuba yagombaga kwishyura Hashakimana.Ubushinjacyaha bukaba butagaragaje ko acuruza, atunda, abika urumogi, bityo ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 264 y’Itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, agahabwa igihano gito hashingiwe no kumurongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA 00318/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/01/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha

8 Reba raporo y’ubuyobozi bw’Akagari ka Kanyirabigogo, yo ku wa 04/10/2022.

9 Reba inyandio mvugo yo ku wa 11/10/2022, Irankunda Samson, abazwa mubushinjacyaha (reba ikibazo cya 2 n’icya 3 n’ibisubizo byabyo).

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na Minani Jean Bosco mu gika cya 34-35, aho Urukiko rwasobanuye ko iyo nta bimenyetso bigaragaza ko uregwa wafatanwe ingano nto y’ibiyobyabwenge yahinze cyangwa yabitse yari agamije kubikwirakwiza no kubigurisha, afatwa nk’uwari ugamije kubyikoreshereza(simple drug possession) aho kubicuruza no kubikwirakwiza (Drug trafficking/drug distribution), agahabwa ibihano bito. [23] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugumishaho igihano Irankunda Samson yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda milioni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) kuko hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha inkiko zibanza zamuhamije.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye kukumenya niba Irankunda Samson akwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano kuri uru rwego. [24] Ku birebana no kugabanya igihano mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ko: “Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: …; (a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15, … (d) igihano cy’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri kimwe cya kane cy’igihano cy’ihazabu gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe.” [25] Naho ibirebana no kutongera kugabanyiriza uregwa igihano iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanze yaragabanyirijwe bihagije, byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga murubanza RPA 0129/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 07/03/2014, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na MPitabakana. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko uregwa atakongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo. Uwo murongo wakomeje gukurikizwa no mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko harimo urubanza RPAA 00084/2023/CA10, rwaciwe ku wa 12/04/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Minani Vianney.

[26] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 25 n’icya 2711, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko ari ubwa mbere Irankunda Samson akurikiranweho icyaha mu nkiko, rushingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, rwamugabanyirije igihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) aho kuba igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ingana na milioni makumyabiri (20.000.000Frw) yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu.

10 Reba igika cya 14.

11 Reba urubanza RPA 00117/2022/HC/MUS

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[27] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 agace ka (a) n’aka (d) y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe haruguru, hashingiwe no kubimenyetso byashingiweho muguhamya icyaha Irankunda Samson, byasobanuwe haruguru byatumye inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe itahinduka, igihano yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ingana na miliyoni eshanu(5.000.000Frw), kidahinduka kuko aricyo gito gishoboka ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. [28] Naho kubusabe bwa Irankunda Samson n’umwunganira bw’uko yahanishwa igihano gito ku cyaha yemera cyo korohereza undi gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bashingiye ku ngingo ya 264 y’Itegeko N 68/2018 ryo ku ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ndetse no kumurongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPAA 00318/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/01/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Minani Jean Bosco, rusanga nta shingiro bifite kuko hari ibimenyetso bimuhamya icyaha cyo gutunda, kubika no gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi agamije kurucuruza ndetse igihano yahawe kuricyo cyaha, akaba aricyo gito gishoboka iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha nkuko ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryagarutsweho haruguru ibigaragaza.

bityo kikaba kidashobora kugabanywa. [29] Hashingiwe kubimaze kuvugwa byose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ingana na milioni eshanu(5.000.000Frw) Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwahanishije Irankunda Samson aricyo gihano gito gishoboka ku cyaha yahamijwe, bityo kikaba kigomba kugumaho. III.ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [30] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Irankunda Samson nta shingiro bufite; [31] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00887/2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze ku wa 30/05/2024, rudahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose; [32] Rwemeje ko igihano Irankunda Samson, yahanishijwe mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw), kigumyeho; [33] Ruvuze ko Irankunda Samson asonewe amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.