POROKIRERI v. JEAN-BAPTISTE GATETE

POROKIRERI v. JEAN-BAPTISTE GATETE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2011-03-31 - Case/document no.: ICTR-00-61 - Collection: International Tribunal for Rwanda

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR i

AMASHAKIRO I. INTANGIRIRO..................................................................................................................................1 1. INCAMAKE...................................................................................................................................1 2. IBIBAZO BY’IKUBITIRO.........................................................................................................13 2.1 Imenyesha .............................................................................................................................13 2.1.1 Intangiriro .........................................................................................................................13 2.1.2 Amategeko akurikizwa .....................................................................................................14 2.2 Ibirego bitakurikiranywe.......................................................................................................16 2.3 Uburenganzira bwo gucirwa urubanza ruboneye..................................................................19 2.3.1 Gukererwa bikabije...........................................................................................................19 2.3.2 Igihe gikwiye cyo gutegura imyiregurire: Ingaruka z’ingamba zo

kubungabunga umutekano.........................................................................................................................26 2.3.3 Imiburanishirize ishingiye ku ngingo ya 15 bis................................................................31 2.3.4 Uburenganzira bwo guceceka...........................................................................................33 2.4 Ingingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko ............................................................................................34 3. JEAN-BAPTISTE GATETE.......................................................................................................35 II. IMYANZURO ISHINGIYE KU BYABAYE ................................................................................37 1.

INAMA YABEREYE MURI SEGITERI YA NYABISINDU KU ITARIKI YA 7 MATA 1994.........................................................................................................................37 1.1 Intangiriro..............................................................................................................................37 1.2 Ibimenyetso...........................................................................................................................38 1.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.......................................................................................................41 2. INAMA YABEREYE KU BIRO BYA SEGITERI YA RWANKUBA, 7 MATA 1994 ..........47 2.1 Intangiriro..............................................................................................................................47 2.2 Ibimenyetso...........................................................................................................................49 2.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.......................................................................................................59 3. SERIRE YA AKARAMBO, TARIKI YA 7 MATA 1994 .........................................................81 3.1 Intangiriro..............................................................................................................................81 3.2 Ibimenyetso...........................................................................................................................82 419/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR ii 3.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.......................................................................................................95 3.3.1 Amategeko yatanzwe ku itariki ya 7 n’iya 8 Mata 1994 ..................................................96 3.3.2 Iyicwa rya Aisha Murekeyisoni, ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994............................................104 3.3.3 Iyicwa rya se wa BCS ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994............................................................111 3.3.4 Gufasha mu gutwara Interahamwe .................................................................................114 4. BARIYERI ZO MURI PEREFEGITURA YA BYUMBA MURI MATA 1994....................114 4.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................114 4.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................115 4.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................117 5. PARUWASI YA KIZIGURO, TARIKI YA 11 MATA

1994..................................................119 5.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................119 5.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................120 5.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................147 5.3.1 Ubwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro..........................................................152 5.3.2 Ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato byabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro .................185 6. PARUWASI YA MUKARANGE, TARIKI YA 12 MATA 1994............................................188 6.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................188 6.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................189 6.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................205 7. IBIRO BYA KOMINE YA KAYONZA, KUVA KU ITARIKI YA 10 KUGERA KU YA 15 MATA 1994

................................................................................................................................228 7.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................228 7.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................229 7.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................237 8. BARIYERI Y’I KAYONZA, TARIKI YA 12 MATA 1994....................................................243 8.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................243 8.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................244 8.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................255 9. IKIGO CYA CERAI, GUHERA HAGATI MU KWEZI KWA MATA 1994 KUGERA MU MPERA ZAKO ..........................................................................................................................265 9.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................265 418/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR iii 9.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................266 9.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................276 10. IYICWA RYA MULINDA, 12 MATA 1994 ............................................................................285 10.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................285 10.2 Ibimenyetso.........................................................................................................................285 10.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................290 III. IMYANZURO YO MU RWEGO RW’AMATEGEKO.............................................................294 1. UBURYOZWACYAHA............................................................................................................294 1.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................294 1.2 Kumenyesha Uregwa ibyo ashinjwa...................................................................................295 1.3 Amategeko

akurikizwa........................................................................................................308 2. JENOSIDE .................................................................................................................................313 2.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................313 2.2 Amategeko akurikizwa........................................................................................................313 2.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................316 2.3.1 Inama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku ya 7 Mata 1994 ...................................316 2.3.2 Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, tariki ya 11 Mata 1994................................................................323 2.3.3 Paruwasi ya Mukarange, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994............................................................327 3. KUBA ICYITSO CY’ABAKOZE JENOSIDE........................................................................331 4. UBWUMVIKANE BUGAMIJE GUKORA JENOSIDE........................................................332 4.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................332 4.2 Amategeko

akurikizwa........................................................................................................332 4.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.....................................................................................................333 4.3.1 Inama yo ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba, tariki ya 7 Mata 1994..............................335 4.3.2 Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, tariki ya 11 Mata 1994................................................................337 4.3.3 Paruwasi ya Mukarange, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994............................................................339 5. IBYAHA BYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU ..............................................................................341 5.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................341 5.2 Igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda.........................................................................341 5.3 Itsembatsemba.....................................................................................................................344 5.3.1 Intangiriro .......................................................................................................................344 417/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR iv 5.3.2 Amategeko akurikizwa ...................................................................................................344 5.3.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.................................................................................................345 5.4 Ubuhotozi............................................................................................................................349 5.4.1 Intangiriro .......................................................................................................................349 5.4.2 Amategeko akurikizwa ...................................................................................................349 5.4.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko.................................................................................................349 6. GUHAMYA UMUNTU IBYAHA BYINSHI HASHINGIWE KU GIKORWA KIMWE...351 6.1 Intangiriro............................................................................................................................351 6.2 Jenoside n’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside..........................................................352 6.3 Jenoside n’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu............................................356 6.4 Itsembatsemba n’ubuhotozi nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu

.........................................357 IV. IMIKIRIZE Y’URUBANZA.........................................................................................................359 V. IGENAGIHANO............................................................................................................................360 1. INTANGIRIRO .........................................................................................................................360 2. INGINGO Z’ABABURANYI ...................................................................................................361 3. ISESENGURA RY’URUGEREKO .........................................................................................362 3.1 Uburemere bw’icyaha .........................................................................................................362 3.2 Ibintu byihariye byerekeranye n’Uregwa, impamvu zongera igihano n’izikigabanya .......364 3.2.1 Impamvu nyongeragihano ..............................................................................................364 3.2.2 Impamvu nyoroshyagihano.............................................................................................367 4. UMWANZURO .........................................................................................................................368 5. IBYEMEZO BIJYANYE N’ICYO GIHANO

.........................................................................369 UMUGEREKA A: UKO IMIBURANISHIRIZE YAGENZE ...........................................................370 1. ICYICIRO CYABANJIRIJE IBURANISHA .........................................................................370 2. UKO INYANDIKO Y’IBIREGO YAGIYE IHINDURWA...................................................374 3. IMIBURANIRE YA POROKIRERI........................................................................................375 4. IMIBURANIRE Y’UBWUNGANIZI ......................................................................................376 5. KUJYA AHO IBYAHA BYAKOREWE .................................................................................379 6. IMIBURANISHIRIZE YAKURIKIYEHO.............................................................................380 UMUGEREKA B: INYANDIKO ZIFASHISHIJWE N’IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO.......382 UMUGEREKA C: INYANDIKO Y’IBIREGO...................................................................................398 416/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 1 I.

INTANGIRIRO 1.

INCAMAKE (i) Intangiriro 1. Uregwa muri uru rubanza ni Jean-Baptiste Gatete, wavukiye muri Komine ya Murambi, Perefegitura ya Byumba mu Rwanda mu wa 1953. Hagati y’umwaka wa 1982 n’uwa 1993, yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, naho muri Mata 1994 yari Umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Abari n’Abategarugori. Porokireri amurega icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1), icyo kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside (ikirego cya 2), iki cyaha akakiryozwa ari uko icya jenoside kitamuhamye. Amurega kandi icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 3), n’icy’itsembatsemba, ubuhotozi, no gusambanya ku gahato nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4 kugera ku cya 6). Ubwunganizi buhakana ibyo birego byose uko byakabaye.

2. Iburanisha ry’uru rubanza ryatangiye ku itariki ya 20 Ukwakira 2009 rirangira ku ya 29 Werurwe 2010. Porokireri yahamagaje abatangabuhamya 22 bashinja naho Ubwunganizi buhamagaza 27 bashinjura. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo yumviswe ku itariki ya 8 Ugushyingo 2010.

3. Inyandiko y’ibirego ikubiyemo ibirego bitandukanye bishingiye ku byabereye muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo. (ii) Inama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 4. Mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, havugwamo ko, mu masaa munani z’ijoro ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Gatete yakoresheje inama muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu ari kumwe n’abayobozi bo 415/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 2 mu nzego z’ibanze kugira ngo hatangwe intwaro kandi imitwe y’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare ihabwe amabwiriza yo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi.

5. Porokireri yahamagaje umutangabuhamya umwe wo gushyigikira iki kirego. Urugereko rusanga ariko ubuhamya bwe budahagije ku buryo rwabushingiraho rugafata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Bityo rero, ibyo bivugwa ntibyagaragajwe. (iii) Inama yabereye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 6. Mu nyandiko y’ibirego havugwamo ibikorwa binyuranye byerekeye uruhare rwa Gatete mu gutumiza inama zitabiriwe n’abayobozi bo mu nzego z’ibanze, n’amategeko yatanze yo kwica Abatutsi. Porokireri avuga ko iyo nama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994. By’umwihariko, Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga komu masaa munani z’ijoro, Gatete yagiranye inama na Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, Jean de Dieu Mwange na Konseye wa Segiteri ya Rwankuba Jean Bizimungu, igamije gutanga intwaro no gutegeka abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi.

7. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata ari bwo ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byatangiye muri Serire ya Nyagasambu, Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no hafi yayo, kandi ko uwari resiponsabure w’iyo serire w’Umututsi ari mu bantu bishwe.

8. Urugereko rusanga abatangabuhamya babiri bashinja baratanze ubuhamya butajegajega kandi bufite ahanini ibindi bimenyetso bibushyigikira. Rushingiye kuri ubwo buhamya bwabo, Urugereko rusanga ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 mu gitondo, Konseye Bizimungu n’Interahamwe zigera kuri 20 barateraniye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Gatete yahageze nyuma ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange. Hashize umwanya muto, imodoka yuzuye Interahamwe na yo iba irahageze. Interahamwe zigera kuri 40 zose hamwe zari kumwe na konseye na burugumesitiri ubwo Gatete yategekega imbaga kwica Abatutsi agira ati « Mukore mutikoresheje ». Mbere yo kugenda, Gatete yategetse abari 414/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 3 bateraniye aho « gukangurira » abandi gukora ubwicanyi. Umwanzuro umwe rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro ushingiye ku bimenyetso byatanzwe ni uko Interahamwe zahawe amategeko na Gatete ziri mu bantu bagabye ibitero bitabiriye ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Urugereko rusanga kandi kubera amabwiriza yari yatanzwe na Gatete, harashatswe abandi bantu bo kugaba ibitero barimo abasirikare, abapolisi, n’abasiviri b’Abahutu.

9. Urugereko rusanga kandi ibimenyetso bishyigikira umwanzuro uvuga ko kuriya kubonana kwa Gatete n’abayobozi bo mu nzego z’ibanze bo muri kariya gace hamwe n’Interahamwe, ibitero byakurikiyeho bikibasira Abatutsi ku itariki ya 7 Mata bikaza gukaza umurego uko amasaha yagendaga atambuka, hamwe n’ingeri z’abantu baje kubijyamo, byarasabaga ko biba byarateguwe mbere bikanahurizwa hamwe; ibyo bikaba rero bitari gushoboka hatabanje kubaho ubwumvikane hagati y’ababigiyemo.

10. Rufata iyi myanzuro, Urugereko rwazirikanye ibimenyetso bishinjura. Urugereko rusanga ariko ibyo bimenyetso bidafite agaciro kanini ku buryo byatuma umuntu ashidikanya ku bimenyetso bishinja bitajegajega byatanzwe kuri kiriya kirego.

11. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga, ku buryo budashidikanywaho, Gatete akwiriye kuryozwa iyicwa ry’abasiviri b’Abatutsi baguye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo. (iv) Serire ya Akarambo, tariki ya 7 Mata 1994 12. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 mu gitondo, Gatete na Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, Jean de Dieu Mwange, bajyanye Interahamwe zitwaje intwaro muri Serire ya Akarambo bazitwaye mu mamodoka ashoreranye, bakazitegeka gusambanya abagore b’Abatutsikazi ku gahato, kwica abantu bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi no gusenya amazu yabo. 413/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 4 13. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ari bwo habaye ubwicanyi muri Serire ya Akarambo. By’umwihariko, nta wuhakana ko umugore w’Umututsikazi witwaga Aisha Murekeyisoni na se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS bishwe n’Interahamwe. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko umutangabuhamya wiswe BAT yasambanyijwe ku gahato ku itariki ya 8 n’iya 9 Mata 1994. Nyamara ariko, ikibazo cy’ingenzi ku Rugereko ni ukumenya niba Gatete yaryozwa ubwo bwicanyi n’icyo gikorwa cyo gusambanya ku gahato.

14. Urugereko rwasuzumye, buri byose ukwabyo, ibimenyetso byerekeye amategeko avugwa Gatete yahaye Interahamwe, uruhare ruvugwa yagize mu iyicwa rya Murekeyisoni n’irya se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS, urwo yagize mu gikorwa cyo gusambanya ku gahato umutangabuhamya wiswe BAT no mu gutwara Interahamwe.

15. Porokireri yahamagaje abatangabuhamya batatu ku kirego kivuga ko Gatete yahaye Interahamwe amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi. Nyamara ariko, mu byo bavuze hagaragaramo inkuru eshatu zinyuranye. Rushingiye ku miterere ya buri buhamya, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwabo ntawabwizera bihagije ku buryo bwashingirwaho mu gufata imyanzuro idashidikanywaho.

16. Ku birebana by’umwihariko n’uruhare rwa Gatete mu iyicwa rya Aisha Murekeyisoni n’irya se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS, hamwe n’isambanywa ku gahato ry’umuta- ngabuhamya wiswe BAT, Urugereko rwasuzumye ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya batatu bashinja bavuze buri wese kuri ibyo bikorwa bitatu. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwabo budahagije ku buryo bwashingirwaho mu gufata imyanzuro idashidikanywaho.

17. Mu gosoza kuri ibi birego, Urugereko rurasuzuma niba ubuhamya bugaragaza ko Gatete yafashije mu gikorwa cyo kujyana Interahamwe muri Serire ya Akarambo kugira ngo zijye kwica Abatutsi. Abatangabuhamya babiri bashinja batanze ubuhamya bujyanye 412/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 5 n’iki kibazo, ariko Urugereko rusanga budahagije ku buryo bwashingirwaho mu gufata imyanzuro idashidikanywaho.

18. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso byatanzwe bidahagije mu kugaragaza ko Gatete yatanze amategeko n’uruhare rwe mu iyicwa n’isambanya ku gahato ry’abasiviri b’Abatutsi muri Serire ya Akarambo. (v) Bariyeri muri Perefegitura ya Byumba, Mata 1994 19. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko hagati y’itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994, Gatete yateranyije Interahamwe, akanajya no mu gikorwa cyo gufunga imihanda n’amayira asohoka muri Perefegitura ya Byumba yose, akagira uruhare mu gikorwa cyo kugaragaza abasiviri b’Abatutsi atanga amalisisti ariho amazina yabo, atanga amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi, kandi ajya kuri bariyeri we ubwe. Inyandiko y’ibirego inavuga, by’umwihariko, ko ku itariki ya 8 Mata, Gatete yatanze amategeko yo gukora ubwicanyi kuri bariyeri y’i Nyagasambu, kandi agaha imitwe y’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare imbwa mu rwego rwo kubafasha mu bwicanyi. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko abasiviri b’Abatutsi bishwe bikomotse kuri ibyo bikorwa bya Gatete.

20. Nyamara ariko, ibimenyetso ntibigaragaza ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko hari uruhare urwo ari rwo rwose Gatete yagize mu miyoborere cyangwa mu micungire ya za bariyeri, cyangwa ko hari amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi yatanze kuri za bariyeri muri Perefegitura ya Byumba. Porokireri yahamagaje umutangabuhamya umwe ku birego byerekeye bariyeri y’i Nyagasambu. Urugereko rufite amakenga ku kwizerwa k’uwo mutangabuhamya, bityo rukaba rutemeye ubuhamya bwe kubera ko nta bundi bubushyigikira ku buryo bukwiye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego byerekeye bariyeri zo muri Perefegitura ya Byumba ntibyagaragajwe. 411/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 6 (vi) Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, tariki ya 11 Mata 1994 21. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yategetse, agahagarikira ndetse akanitabira ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi n’ibyo gusambanya ku gahato abasiviri b’Abatutsi byabereye ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. By’umwihariko, Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko Gatete yafatanyije n’umukuru w’Interahamwe witwa Augustin Nkundabazungu, Gasigwa Karangwa, n’abasirikare bo mu ngabo z’u Rwanda (FAR). Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ibyo byatumye Abatutsi babarirwaga mu bihumbi bicwa.

22. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko mu minsi yakurikiye itariki ya 6 Mata, abantu babarirwaga mu magana ndetse bashobora kugera mu bihumbi biganjemo Abatutsi bahunze ibitero byagabwaga aho bari batuye, bagahungira kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata mu gitondo, paruwasi yatewe n’abasirikare, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare, barimo abavanywe mu byabon’intambara bari mu nkambi z’impunzi zari hafi aho. Mu bagabye igitero harimo umukuru w’Interahamwe Augustin Nkundabazungu na Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kiziguro, Gaspard Kamali. Impunzi zari imbere mu kiriziya zasohowe ku ngufu, zijyanwa mu mbuga maze impuzi z’Abatutsi zitandukanywa n’iz’Abahutu. Hakurikiyeho igitero simusiga cyagabwe ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi kimara amasaha. Abagabo, abagore n’abana, bose bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi babarirwaga mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi bishwe n’abagabye igitero bakoreshaga imbunda n’intwaro gakondo.

23. Porokireri yahamagaje abatangabuhamya batandatu bashinja bari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Urugereko rusanga bane muri abo batangabuhamya baratanze ubuhamya butajegajega kandi bufite ahanini ubundi bubushyigikira buvuga ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata mu gitondo, Gatete yageze kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ari kumwe na Konseye Kamali, umukuru w’Interahamwe witwa Nkundabazungu, n’abasirikare. Kuri paruwasi hari n’izindi Nterahamwe n’abantu b’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare. Urugereko 410/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 7 rusanga Gatete yari ahari igihe impunzi zari imbere mu kiriziya zasohorwagamo ku ngufu zikajyanwa ku mbuga ya paruwasi. Gatete kandi na bwo yari ahari igihe impunzi z’Abatutsi zatandukanywaga n’iz’Abahutu. Urugereko rusanga kandi Gatete yaratanze amategeko yeruye yo kwica impunzi z’Abatutsi. Kubera ayo mategeko, abasirikare bagose Abatutsi bababuza gucika, maze Interahamwe n’abandi basiviri bitwaraga gisirikare babagabaho igitero, bakoresheje intwaro gakondo n’imbunda. Icyo gitero cyakoranywe ubugome cyahitanye abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwaga mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, imirambo yabo ijugunywa mu rwobo rwari hafi aho rwakoreshejwe nk’imva rusange. Bamwe mu Batutsi bategetswe kujyana ku rwobo imirambo y’abishwe mbere y’uko na bo bicwa. Abagabo b’Abatutsi bategetswe kwambura amashati kugira ngo bamenyekane ku buryo bworoshye igihe cyo gutwara imirambo. Iyo bageraga ku rwobo, na bo baricwaga, imirambo yabo ikajugunywamo.

24. Urugereko rugaragaza ko ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro bwari igikorwa cyateguwe kandi cyanonosowe neza, cyarimo abategetsi nka Gatete, konseye, umukuru w’Interahamwe, n’abantu bagabye igitero bo mu ngeri zinyuranye barimo abasirikare, Interahamwe, n’imitwe y’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare. Iyo urebye imbaga y’abantu ubwo bwicanyi bwahitanye n’uburyo imirambo yavanyweho, usanga ababikoze barageze ku ntego yabo bitabagoye. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga harabayeho guhuriza hamwe no kumvikana ku myitwarire y’ababigizemo uruhare hagamijwe kwica Abatutsi. Uko guhuriza hamwe bene ako kageni ntikwari gushoboka abari muri icyo gikorwa batabanje kubyumvikanaho no guhuza umugambi.

25. Kugira ngo rugere kuri iyi myanzuro, Urugereko rwasuzumanye ubushishozi ibimenyetso bishinjura, rusanga ariko nta gaciro kanini bifite kandi bidahagije kugira ngo bibe byatuma ibimenyetso bishinja bitajegajega byatanzwe bishidikanywaho.

26. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga ku buryo budashidikanywaho Gatete agomba kuryozwa iyicwa ry’abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi baguye kuri 409/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 8 Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994. N’ubwo Porokireri yifashishije ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya babiri bashinja bavuze ko aho kuri paruwasi Interahamwe zasambanyije ku gahato abagore n’abakobwa, Urugereko rusanga ariko ubuhamya bwabo budahagije kugira ngo rube rwakwemeza ko Gatete yaryozwa n’ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato byakorewe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. (vii) Paruwasi ya Mukarange, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994 27. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ahagana ku itariki ya 10 cyangwa ya 11 Mata 1994, Gatete na Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, Célestin Senkware, bajyanye abasirikare n’Interahamwe bitwaje intwaro ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Mukarange muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo aho ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato n’iby’ubwicanyi byakorewe impunzi z’Abatutsi.

28. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko abantu barenga igihumbi, biganjemo Abatutsi, bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange mu minsi yakurikiye itariki ya 6 Mata. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza kandi ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata kare mu gitondo, paruwasi yagabweho igitero n’abantu barenga igihumbi bakoresheje za gerenade n’izindi ntwaro. Nta wuhakana ko abayobozi bo mu rwego rwa gisiviri, abajandarume, abasirikare b’abarezerivisite n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare bari muri icyo gitero cyahitanye impunzi z’Abatutsi zibarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi.

29. Porokireri yahamagaje abatangabuhamya bashinja batatu batanze ubuhamya butajegajega kandi bufite ahanini ubundi bubushyigikira. Rushingiye ku buhamya bwabo, Urugereko rusanga nyuma y’igitero cya mbere impunzi zari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange zari zabashije gusubiza inyuma, Gatete yarageze ku kibuga cy’umupira kiri hafi ya paruwasi ari mu modoka hamwe na Burugumesitiri Senkware, Samson Gashumba wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Mukarange, Liyetona Jandarume Twahira, umutegetsi witwa Ngabonzima n’abajandarume. Bazanye ibisanduku birimo imbunda na za gerenade byahawe 408/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 9 Interahamwe. Nyuma yaho, Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kugaba igitero ku basiviri b’Abatutsi bari bateraniye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Bifashishije intwaro zazanywe na Gatete hamwe n’abandi bayobozi, abari mu gitero bateye impunzi zari ziganjemo Abatutsi. Abatutsi barokotse ibyo bitero baje kwicwa n’abari babigabye bakoresheje intwaro gakondo nk’imipanga. Muri ibyo bitero, abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu mu bihumbi biciwe kuri paruwasi uwo munsi. By’umwihariko, imbunda na gerenade byazanywe na Gatete hamwe n’abandi bayobozi byagize uruhare kamara mu gutuma igitero kigera ku ntego yacyo.

30. Urugereko rusanga kandi ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange cyari igikorwa cyateguwe kandi cyayobowe neza. Ubwicanyi bwo mu ntera ihambaye nk’iriya bwarimo abantu bakomeye nka Gatete, n’abategetsi nka Burugumesitiri, Konseye na Liyetona Jandarume, kandi bugakenera ko imbunda na gerenade zizanwa zigatangwa mu matsinda anyuranye y’abagabye igitero, ntibwari gushoboka budafite ubuyobozi bugaragara. Kubera ibyo, Urugereko rusanga harabayeho guhuriza hamwe no kumvikana ku myitwarire y’ababigizemo uruhare hagamijwe kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi kuri paruwasi. Uko guhuriza hamwe bene kariya kageni ntikwari gushoboka abari mu gikorwa batabanje kubyumvikanaho no guhuza umugambi.

31. Rufata iyi myanzuro, Urugereko rwazirikanye kandi rusuzumana ubushishozi ibimenyetso bishinjura ariko rusanga bidahagije kugira ngo bibe byatuma ibimenyetso bishinja bitajegajega bishidikanywaho.

32. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga, ku buryo budashidikanywaho, Gatete agomba kuryozwa ubwicanyi bwibasiye abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana cyangwa se bashobora kuba barenga igihumbi, kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994. Ariko ntibyagaragajwe ko Gatete yatwaye Interahamwe azijyana kuri paruwasi. Nta bimenyetso kandi bishinja byatanzwe bigaragaza ko aho kuri paruwasi hakorewe ibikorwa byo gusambanya abagore ku gahato. 407/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 10 (viii) Ibyabereye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza, kuva ku itariki ya 10 kugeza ku ya 15 Mata 1994 33. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko rimwe ahagana hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, Gatete yageze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ari kumwe n’itsinda ry’Interahamwe zifite intwaro, na burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza. Imbaga y’abaturage b’aho, barimo abagore b’Abatutsikazi n’Interahamwe zari zihamaze igihe gito, yari yateraniye mu mbuga y’ibiro bya komine. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi no gusambanya ku gahato abagore b’Abatutsikazi.

34. Porokireri yahamagaje abatangabuhamya babiri bo gushyigikira ibi bivugwa. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwabo butakwizerwa bihagije ku buryo bwashingirwaho hafatwa umwanzuro udashidikanywaho. Bityo rero, ibi bivugwa ntibyagaragajwe. (ix) Ibyabereye ku kigo cy’amashuri ya CERAI guhera hagati muri Mata 1994 kugeza mu mpera z’uko kwezi 35. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko guhera hagati muri Mata 1994 kugeza mu mpera z’uko kwezi, Gatete yagiye muri Segiteri ya Rurenge muri Komine ya Rukira aherekejwe n’amamodoka ashoreranye yarimo abapolisi ba Komine ya Murambi bafite intwaro, abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare n’ababurugumesitiri babiri. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga kandi ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsikazi no kwica Abatutsi aho muri Komine ya Rukira.

36. Abatangabuhamya babiri bashinja ni bo bavuze ku mategeko Gatete yahereye Interahamwe ku kigo cy’amashuri ya CERAI cyo muri Segiteri ya Rurenge no ku bwicanyi bwakurikiyeho. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bw’abo batangabuhamya bombi butakwizerwa bihagije ku buryo bwashingirwaho mu gafata 406/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 11 umwanzuro udashidikanywaho. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga ibi bivugwa bitaragaragajwe. (x) Bariyeri y’i Kayonza, hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’i ya 15 Mata 1994 37. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ahagana hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, umugabo witwaga Gatare yatewe imigeri na Gatete ku mva rusange hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza, hanyuma yicwa n’Interahamwe zibitegetswe na Gatete. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga kandi ko ahagana ku itariki ya 12 Mata, muri Komine ya Kayonza, Gatete, Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi n’uw’iya Kayonza, abapolisi ba komine n’Interahamwe bagenzuye indangamuntu z’abagenzi banyuraga mu muhanda ujya i Kibungo. Kuri bariyeri imwe, Gatete yatanze amategeko yo kwica abantu, maze Interahamwe zirayubahiriza. Umugabo witwaga Mahmud ari mu bishwe.

38. Ibimenyetso byatanzwe mu gihe cy’iburanisha byerekana ko Gatare na Mahmud biciwe hamwe kuri bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Porokireri yifashishije abatangabuhamya babiri. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwabo butashyigikira ibyo bivugwa, ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Bityo rero, ibyo bivugwa ntibyagaragajwe. (xi) Iyicwa rya Mulinda muri Komine ya Rutonde, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994 39. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ahagana ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, Gatete, ari kumwe na Senkware Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza n’abandi bantu, yicishije isasu impunzi yitwaga Mulinda yari yihishe mu gishanga muri Komine ya Rutonde. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga kandi ko, mbere na nyuma y’iryo yicwa, Gatete n’abandi bajagajaze imisozi n’ibibaya bashakisha abasiviri b’Abatutsi ngo babice.

40. Porokireri yahamagaje umutangabuhamya umwe wo gushyigikira ibi bivugwa. Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe butakwizerwa bihagije ku buryo bwashingirwaho mu 405/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 12 gushyigikira, ku buryo budashidikanywaho, iki kirego. Bityo rero, ibyo bivugwa ntibyagaragajwe. (xii) Guhamya Uregwa ibyaha byinshi hashingiwe ku byabaye bimwe 41. Urugereko rusanga ibivugwa byagaragajwe bishyigikira imyanzuro ihamya Uregwa icyaha cya jenoside, icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, icy’itsembatsemba n’icy’ubuhotozi nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko ntirwaryoje Uregwa icyaha aho rwasanze kumuryoza ibyaha byinshi bishingiye ku bikorwa bimwe bitemewe. By’umwihariko, Urugereko rwemeje ko rudashobora kuryoza Uregwa icya rimwe icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, bishingiye ku bikorwa bimwe. Urugereko rwemeje na none ko bitemewe guhamya icya rimwe Uregwa icyaha cy’itsembatsemba n’icy’ubuhotozi nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu igihe bishingiye ku bikorwa bimwe. (xiii) Imikirize y’urubanza 42. Ibimenyetso byose byatanzwe bishyigikira ibirego bitandatu, n’imiterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha Porokireri yashingiyeho asaba ko Gatete aryozwa icyaha, byarasuzumwe. Urugereko rusanga Gatete ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1), n’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4). Urugereko ntiruryoza Uregwa icyaha cyo kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside (ikirego cya 2), icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 3) n’icy’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 5). Urugereko rusanga kandi Gatete adahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya ku gahato nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 6). (xiv) Igenagihano 43. Urugereko rwazirikanye uburemere bw’ibyaha byahamye Gatete hamwe n’impamvu nyongeragihano cyangwa ngabanyagihano zatanzwe n’ababuranyi. Urugereko rufite 404/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 13 uburenganzira busesuye bwo gutanga igihano kimwe kandi ni byo ruhisemo gukora. Urugereko rwongera gushimangira ariko ko, kubera uburemere bwa buri cyaha gikubiye muri buri kirego n’impamvu nyongeragihano zinyuranye, buri cyaha ubwacyo gikwiye guhanishwa igihano gisumba ibindi. Rumaze gusuzuma ibigomba kwitabwaho byose, Urugereko rukatiye Gatete igihano kimwe rukumbi cy’igifungo cya burundu. Gatete azaguma muri gereza y’Urukiko mu gihe ategereje kwimurirwa mu gihugu azarangirizamo igihano cye.

2. IBIBAZO BY’IKUBITIRO 2.1 Imenyesha 2.1.1 Intangiriro 44. Mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza yabwo, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Porokireri atamenyesheje Gatete uko bikwiye ibyaha binyuranye akurikiranyweho1. Urugereko rwasuzumye ibimenyetso bijyana na buri kirego kivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, ariko rusanga mu byiciro by’Inyandiko y’urubanza bijyanye n’ibyo Porokireri atagaragaje, atari ngombwa kugira icyo ruvuga ku binengwa byihariye byerekeye imenyesha. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rwamaze kugira icyo ruvuga ku ngingo zinyuranye zishingiye ku imenyesha mu byemezo rwafashe mbere2. Urugereko rusanga ariko ari byiza kugaragaza muri iki gice amahame 1 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 113, 115, 133-146, 305, 323-328, 339-341, 344-357, 364-367, 379-380, 646-648, 652-658, 660-662, 668, 671-673, 681, 685, 687-692, 697, 701, 713-714, 859-869, 901, 951, 1010-1014, 1089-1090, 1094, 1109, 1120, 1153-1165, 1201. 2 Reba Icyemezo ku ngoboka mbanzirizarubanza y’Ubwunganizi (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 29 Werurwe 2004; Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyerekeye inenge ziri mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 3 Nyakanga 2009; Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi kivuga inenge ziri mu Myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri yo ku itariki ya 19 Kanama 2009 (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 2 Ukwakira 403/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 14 ashingiye ku mategeko rwakurikije mu isuzuma rya buri kibazo cyagiye kibyutswa ku birebana n’imenyesha, muri uru rubanza. 2.1.2 Amategeko akurikizwa 45. Inyandiko y’ibirego igomba gusobanura mu buryo bwumvikana bihagije, ibirego n’ibikorwa by’ingenzi ibyo birego bishingiyeho kugira ngo uregwa ahabwe amakuru ku byaha ashinjwa.3 Porokireri yagombye kuba azi icyo ashinja uregwa mbere y’uko ajya imbere y’urukiko, kandi ntiyemerewe kugenda ahindagura ibyo aregera mu gihe urubanza rurimo kuburanishwa bitewe n’aho ibimenyetso byerekeza. Inenge ziri mu nyandiko y’ibirego zishobora kugaragara mu gihe cy’iburanisha kubera ko ibimenyetso byatanzwe bitandukanye n’ibyari byitezwe, ibyo bigasaba ko Urugereko rusuzuma niba, kugira ngo habe urubanza ruboneye, inyandiko y’ibirego igomba guhindurwa, niba se iburanisha rigomba gusubikwa, cyangwa se niba ibimenyetso bitajyana n’ibivugwa mu 2009; Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba ko ibimenyetso bitakwakirwa (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 24 Ugushyingo 2009. 3 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muvunyi mu bujurire, igika 18; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, ibika 27, 100; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu bujurire, igika 63; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muhimana mu bujurire, ibika 76, 167, 195; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 49; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 16. 402/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 15 nyandiko y’ibirego bitagomba kwakirwa4. Mu mikirize y’urubanza, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo ruhamya uregwa ibyaha ashinjwa gusa mu nyandiko y’ibirego5.

46. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwamaze kwemeza ko ibyaha uregwa ashinjwa kuba yaratsotsobye nka gatozi, bigomba kuvugwa mu nyandiko yibirego mu magambo yumvikana neza, aho bishoboka hagatangwa amakuru nk’« umwirondoro w’abakorewe ibyo byaha, igihe n’ahantu byakorewe n’ibyakoreshejwe »6. Iyo uregwa ashinjwa kuba yaracuze umugambi wo gukora ibyaha, agahamagarira, agategeka abantu kubikora cyangwa akabashyigikira mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gutsotsoba ibyaha bivugwa, Porokireri agomba gusobanura « ibikorwa byihariye » cyangwa « imyitwarire yihariye » ibyo byaha amushinja bishingiyeho7.

47. Inyandiko y’ibirego itarimo ibyo bisobanuro iba ifite inenge ariko zishobora gukosorwa iyo Porokireri ahaye uregwa amakuru asobanutse, mu gihe gikwiye, ku buryo budahuzagurika kandi yerekana ku buryo burambuye ibikorwa ibirego bye bishingiyeho8. 4 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muvunyi mu bujurire, igika 18; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 27; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 30-31; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu bujurire, igika 194; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kupreškić na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 92. 5 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muvunyi mu bujurire, igika 18; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 326; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 28; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 33. 6 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muhimana mu bujurire, igika 76; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 49; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 32, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kupreškić na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 89. 7 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 25. 8 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muvunyi mu bujurire, igika 20; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 100; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu bujurire, igika 64; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muhimana mu bujurire, 401/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 16 Iryo hame rivuga ko inenge yo mu nyandiko y’ibirego ishobora gukosorwa rifite ariko aho rigarukira9. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko hari aho imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ishobora kuba igaragaramo ayo makuru10. 2.2 Ibirego bitakurikiranywe 48. Mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza ye, Porokireri yaretse ibirego bivugwa mu bika bya 21, 26, 27, 28, 29 na 38 by’Inyandiko y’ibirego kubera ko nta bimenyetso byerekeye ibyo birego yatanze11. Ikindi kandi, Porokireri yaretse ibice bimwe na bimwe by’igika cya 22 n’icya ibika 76, 195, 217; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 49; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 28, 65. 9 Urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku bujurire bwa Aloys Ntabakuze ku Cyemezo kirebana n’icyifuzo kivuga ibibazo bishingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko biterwa n’Icyemezo cy’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo I cyo ku itariki ya 29 Kamena 2006 kirebena n’icyifuzo gisaba ko ibimenyetso bitakwakirwa (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 18 Nzeri 2006, igika 30 (« Ibyabaye by’ingenzi bishya ntibigomba gutuma habaho impinduka mu mizi y’ibyo Porokireri ashinja Uregwa. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rugomba buri gihe kuzirikana ko kwagura ibirego hongerwamo ibindi bintu by’ingenzi bishya bishobora kubangamira uregwa bikanatuma arengana. Ikindi kandi, iyo ibyo bintu

by’ingenzi bishya bishobora ubwabyo gushyigikira ibindi birego bitandukanye, Porokireri agomba gusaba Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo uburenganzira bwo guhindura Inyandiko y’ibirego, Urugereko rukabumuha gusa rusanze bitazavamo akarengane cyangwa ngo bibangamire Ubwunganizi.»). 10 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muhimana mu bujurire, igika 82; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, ibika 57-58; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 48; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Naletilić na Martinović mu bujurire, igika 45. 11 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 246-253; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 33. 400/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 17 40 by’Inyandiko y’ibirego12. N’ubwo mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza ye mu magambo Porokireri yemeje ko Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse igaragaza neza ibirego yaretse, Urugereko rusanga hari ibindi bivugwa ariko bitatangiwe ibimenyetso13.

49. Igika cya 14 n’icya 15 by’Inyandiko y’ibirego bivuga amategeko yaba yaratangiwe aho abantu bari bateraniye, no kuba Uregwa yarafashije mu gutwara abagabye ibitero mu masegiteri no mu maserire anyuranye ya Komine ya Murambi. Porokireri yatanze ibimenyetso birebana, by’umwihariko, n’ibyabereye muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba no muri Serire ya Akarambo. Nta bimenyetso Porokireri yatanze bishyigikira ibivugwa bijyanye n’ibyabereye mu yandi masegiteri n’amaserire yo muri Komine ya Murambi uko bivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego.

50. Igika cya 16 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko Gatete yatanze amategeko yo « gutsembatsemba imiryango yose y’Abatutsi » kandi ko umuryango w’umutangabuhamya wiswe « AIM » harimo umuvandimwe we n’umuryango we, bari mu bishwe kubera ayo mategeko. Umutangabuhamya AIM ntiyigeze aba kuri lisiti y’abo Porokireri yateganyaga guhamagaza mu rubanza14. Byongeye kandi, nta kimenyetso cyatanzwe ku iyicwa ry’abantu bo mu muryango wa AIM, kandi no mu Myanzuro 12 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 254 (« Igice cy’igika 22 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko guhera ku itariki ya 10 kugeza ku ya 11 Mata cyangwa hafi yaho, kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, umugore witwaga Odette yajyanye umwana we hanze y’ikigo, maze bombi baherako bicwa. Basco [sic], Padiri mukuru wa paruwasi yasabye Gatete guhagarika ubwicanyi, ariko Gatete aramwangira »); 255 (« Igice cy’igika 40 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, muri Serire ya Akarambo, umutangabuhamya wiswe AVO yasambanyijwe ku gahato n’Interahamwe yitwa Karerangabo »); Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 33. 13 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 33. 14 Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIM ntiyari ku rutonde rw’abatangabuhamya bashinja rwometse ku Myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri yatanzwe ku itariki ya 19 Kanama 2009. 399/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 18 nsozarubanza ye, Porokireri ntaho avuga ikimenyetso icyo ari cyo cyose gishyigikira ibivugwa kuri AIM. Iki ni ikintu gikomeye kubera ko Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri irimo urutonde rusobanura mu magambo arambuye ibirego bikubiyemo ibyaha yifuza ko Urugereko rwahamya Uregwa15. Kubera ibyo rero, Urugereko rusanga Porokireri yararetse icyo kirego.

51. Igika cya 20 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko ku itariki ya 12 n’iya 14 Mata 1994, hagati y’ayo matariki cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yashishikaje, ategeka, kandi yorohereza abaturage basanzwe b’Abahutu bari baravanywe mu byabo kwibasira no kwica Abatutsi bagendaga berekeza mu majyepfo banyuze muri Murambi no muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga kandi ko ku itariki ya 13 Mata cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yashyize bariyeri muri santere ya Gatore muri Kibungo, akayirindisha Interahamwe ze, maze agategeka ko Umututsi wese uzagerageza guhungira muri Tanzaniya azafatwa akicwa. Porokireri nta kimenyetso yatanze kuri ibyo bivugwa, kandi iyo umuntu asuzumye Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse n’iyo mu magambo, bigaragara ko Porokireri ntaho avuga bariyeri ya « Gatore ».

52. Igika cya 24 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko nyuma y’ibikorwa byo gusambanya abagore ku gahato n’iby’ubwicanyi bivugwa mu gika cya 23A cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego, Interahamwe zagarutse ku mbuga y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza, Gatete akazitegeka kujya mu masegiteri ahegereye gusambanya abagore ku gahato no kwica abantu bo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi bari basigaye. Urugereko rusanga mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika cya 24 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivugwa ahantu hamwe gusa, kandi kigahuzwa n’ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BAQ, ubw’uwiswe BAR, 15 Amashakiro y’Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri arondora ibyabaye bivugwa bishyigikira ikirego cya 1 (jenoside) n’icya 3 (kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside). 398/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 19 ubw’uwiswe BVQ n’ubw’uwiswe BAY16. Nyamara ariko, muri abo batangabuhamya nta n’umwe watanze ubuhamya bujyana n’ibivugwa mu gika cya 24 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego (reba ahubwo Igice II.7). Kubera ibyo rero, Urugereko rusanga Porokireri yararetse icyo kirego.

53. Mu kurangiza kuri iyi ngingo, Urugereko ruributsa ko Porokireri yemeje ko nta bimenyetso yatanze bishyigikira ibivugwa mu gika cya 36 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yategetse ko Kamuzinzi yicwa17. Urugereko rusanga kandi nta bimenyetso byatanzwe byerekeye iyicwa ry’umugabo w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIX rivugwa mu gika cya 36 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego. 2.3 Uburenganzira bwo gucirwa urubanza ruboneye 2.3.1 Gukererwa bikabije 54. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko uburenganzira bw’Uregwa bwo kuburanishwa nta kuzarira butubahirijwe. Kuri iyi ngingo, Ubwunganizi buvuga gusa igihe kirekire Gatete yamaze muri gereza mbere yo kuburanishwa, bukavuga, by’umwihariko, ko hagati y’ifatwa rye mu wa 2002 n’iburanishwa ryatangiye mu wa 2009, haciyemo igihe kirenze imyaka 7. Bityo rero, Ubwunganizi busaba ko Uregwa yagenerwa indihano ikwiye18. 16 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 390. Urugereko rusanga, mu gushyigikira ibivugwa mu gika cya 24 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego, mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza ye, Porokireri yaravuze ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BAR bwonyine. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 47, 75, 119, urup. 47. 17 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 36; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 66-67. 18 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1214-1254; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 39-40. 397/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 20 55. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko kuba urubanza ari insobe no kuba dosiye ari nini bidashobora gusobanura kuba Gatete yaramaze igihe kinini afunze mbere y’uko atangira kuburanishwa. Buvuga ko Porokireri atagejeje dosiye imbere y’abacamanza mu gihe gikwiye. Buvuga kandi ko Urugereko rutegura urubanza rwatinze gufata ibyemezo hagati ya Mata 2003 na Mata 2007, bukanavuga ko kuba abacamanza n’abanyamategeko babafasha barakoraga ku zindi manza byateje na byo ubukererwe. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko, kubera uko gukererwa kw’imirimo yabanjirije iburanisha ry’urubanza, Gatete yabangamiwe kubera ko yavukijwe uburenganzira bwo kwishyira akizana igihe kirekire bitari ngombwa, kandi ko ibyo byagize ingaruka mu itegura ry’imyiregurire ye kubera ko umubare w’abatangabuhamya bashoboraga kuboneka, no kubasha kwibuka ibyabaye kwabo byagiye bigabanuka. Bityo rero, Ubwunganizi bwemeza ko uburenganzira bwo kuburanishwa nta gukererwa butubahirijwe, ko rero Uregwa aramutse ahamwe n’icyaha, indihano ikwiye ari ukumugabanyiriza igihano yakatirwa19.

56. Porokireri avuga ko muri uru rubanza, imyitwarire ye atari yo yatumye igihe Uregwa yafunzwe mbere yo kuburanishwa kiba kirekire, ahubwo ko byatewe n’inzego hamwe n’ubushobozi by’Urukiko. Porokireri yibutsa kandi Icyifuzo yatanze cyo kwimurira urubanza mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 11 bis y’Amategeko kubera ubushobozi buke bw’Urukiko. Porokireri avuga kandi ko Gatete yabanje gukora uko ashoboye ngo adafatwa, bityo akaba na we afite uruhare muri uko gukererwa20. 19 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1221-1254. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko Porokireri yagize uruhare muri uko kuzarira mbere yo kugeza dosiye mu Rukiko kubera ko yatanze icyifuzo gisaba ko urubanza rwakwimurirwa mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 11 bis y’Amategeko, Gatete amaze imyaka itanu afashwe. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1235-1236. 20 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 27- 28. 396/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 21 57. Urugereko ruributsa ko uburenganzira bwo kuburanishwa nta gukererwa buteganywa n’ingingo ya 20(4)(c) ya Sitati. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko ubwo burenganzira burebana gusa no gukererwa gukabije nta mpamvu, uko gukererwa bikabije kukaba kugenwa bitewe n’imiterere ya buri rubanza21. Ingingo zikurikira ni zo zitabwaho: (a) uburebure bw’igihe cy’ubukererwe; (b) kuba urubanza ari insobe (umubare w’ibirego, umubare w’abaregwa, umubare w’abatangabuhamya, ubwinshi bw’ibimenyetso, urusobe rw’ibyabaye n’ingingo z’amategeko akurikizwa); (c) imyitwarire y’ababuranyi; (d) imyitwarire y’abayobozi bafite uruhare mu iburanisha; (e) hamwe n’icyo uregwa yabangamiweho igihe gihari22. Kwemeza niba uburenganzira bwo kuburanishwa nta kuzaririra butarubahirijwe bishobora gukorwa gusa hakurikijwe ingingo zose zimaze kuvugwa23.

58. Urugereko ruributsa ko Gatete yafatiwe muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ku itariki ya 11 Nzeri 2002, akimurirwa muri gereza y’Urukiko ku itariki ya 13 Nzeri 200224. Gatete yitabye Urukiko bwa mbere ku itariki ya 20 Nzeri 2002, ahakana ibyo 21 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 1074. 22 Ni kimwe no haruguru, igika 1075. Reba n’Urubanza rwa Mugiraneza, Icyemezo ku bujurire bwa Prosper Mugiraneza ajuririra Icyemezo cy’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo II cyo ku itariki ya 2 Ukwakira 2003 cyanga icyifuzo cye cy’ingoboka gisaba Urugereko kutemera Inyandiko y’ibirego, gucirwa urubanza nta kuzarira, no kugenerwa indihano ikwiye (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 27 Gashyantare 2004, urup. 3. 23 Urubanza rwa Bizimungu na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya kabiri cya Prosper Mugiraneza gisaba kureka urubanza kubera ko yavukijwe uburenganzira bwe bwo kuburanishwa nta kuzarira (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 29 Gicurasi 2007, igika 15, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Rubanza rwa Mugiraneza na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Prosper Mugiraneza gisaba ko habaho iburanisha cyangwa indi ndihano ku birebana n’icyifuzo cye gisaba kureka urubanza kubera ko yavukijwe uburenganzira bwe bwo kuburanishwa nta kuzarira (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 3 Ugushyingo 2004, igika 28. 24 Uregwa yitaba Urukiko bwa mbere, 17 Nzeri 2002. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 13; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 1216. 395/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 22 yashinjwaga byose mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 200025. Urubanza rwashyikirijwe uru Rugereko ku itariki ya 6 Nyakanga 2009, maze rutangira kuburanishwa ku itariki ya 20 Ukwakira 200926.

59. Ruzirikanye igihe Gatete yamaze ataraburanishwa, Urugereko rwemera ko ari kirekire. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rugomba no kuzirikana izindi ngingo zinyuranye kugira ngo rwemeze niba icyo gihe gikabije kuba kirekire.

60. Ku byerekeye kuba uru rubanza ari insobe, Urugereko rusanga ruregwamo umuntu umwe, bityo rukaba rutagereranywa n’imanza ziregwamo abantu benshi zamaze imyaka, zikagira iminsi y’iburanisha amagana, zigatangwamo ibimenyetso gihamya birenga igihumbi, zikanahamagazwamo abatangabuhamya babarirwa mu magana27. Iburanisha ry’urubanza rwa Gatete ryamaze amezi atanu n’iminsi icyenda harimo iminsi y’iburanisha 30. Abatangabuhamya bahamagajwe bose hamwe ni 49, kandi rwatanzwemo ibimenyetso gihamya 146. Urugereko ruributsa ariko ko, mu ntangiriro, Gatete yashinjwaga ibyaha bikubiye mu birego icumi, ari byo jenoside (ikirego cya 1), kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside (ikirego cya 2), ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 3), guhamagarira mu ruhame kandi mu buryo butaziguye gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 4), itsembatsemba, ubuhotozi, gutoteza no gusambanya abagore ku gahato nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (ibirego kuva ku cya 5 kugera ku cya 8), n’ibyaha by’intambara (ikirego cya 9 n’icya 10)28. N’ubwo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego 25 Kwitaba Urukiko bwa mbere, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Nzeri 2002, imp. 49-51. 26 Inyandiko ikoreshwa imbere mu Rukiko yanditswe n’Ibiro bya Perezida w’Urukiko, Kumenyesha abacamanza bagenwe mu Rubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, 6 Nyakanga 2009; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 1221; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 17. 27 Reba, nk’urugero, Urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be, n’Urubanza rwa Bizimungu na bagenzi be. 28 Inyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2000. 394/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 23 igenderwaho ibyo Gatete yashinjwaga byagabanutse bigakubirwa mu birego bitandatu, ibyaha ibirego bishingiyeho bigizwe n’ingingo nyinshi, bikavugwamo umugambi mubisha uhuriweho hamwe n’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, bityo rero bikaba birimo ibibazo by’insobe bijyana n’ibyabaye hamwe n’ingingo z’amategeko nk’uko bigaragara muri iyi Nyandiko y’urubanza.

61. Hatitawe ku bimaze kuvugwa, Urugereko rusanga, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe bidasanzwe, bigaragara ko imyitwarire y’abategetsi barebwa n’ikibazo ndetse n’iya Porokireri hari aho byatumye icyiciro cyabanjirije iburanisha ry’urubanza kiba kirikire ku mpamvu zidashobora gusobanurwa. Nk’urugero, icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyatanzwe ku itariki ya 12 Mata 2003 cyavugaga ko hari inenge mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, cyamaze hafi umwaka kugeza ku itariki ya 29 Werurwe 200429, nta cyo Urugereko rutegura urubanza rukivuzeho. Ku itariki ya 29 Ugushyingo 2004, Porokireri yatanze icyifuzo gisaba uburenganzira bwo gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego ihinduwe; ubwo burenganzira bwatanzwe ku itariki ya 21 Mata 2005, hashize amezi agera kuri atanu30. Ku itariki ya 11 Ukwakira 2006, Ubwunganizi bwatanze icyifuzo gisaba gushyiraho ingamba zo kubungabunga umutekano w’abatangabuhamya bashinjura, ariko bitegereza kugeza ku itariki ya 10 Mata 2007 kugira ngo ingamba zemezwe31. Ku itariki ya 19 Mata 2007 ni bwo inama itegura urubanza yabaye32. 29 Icyemezo ku ngoboka mbanzirizarubanza y’Ubwunganizi (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 29 Werurwe 2004. 30 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kwemererwa gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 21 Mata 2005. 31 Ingingo ya 62 (A)(iv) y’Amategeko iteganya ko, iyo uregwa yitabye Urukiko bwa mbere agahakana ibyo ashinjwa, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo cyangwa umucamanza « basaba Gerefiye kugena itariki y’iburanisha ». 32 Inama ntegurarubanza, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 19 Mata 2007. 393/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 24 62. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo Urugereko rwibutsa ko Porokireri afite ubwisanzure busesuye bwo gukora amaperereza no gukurikirana ibyaha, afite n’inshingano yo gukora ku buryo imiburanishirize igenda neza33. Nyamara ariko, hari aho Porokireri yagiye azarira, kandi Urugereko rugasanga nta gisobanuro cy’uko kuzarira. Nk’urugero, ku itariki ya 29 Werurwe 2004, Urugereko rutegura urubanza rwategetse Porokireri gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe34. Nyamara Porokireri yategereje itariki ya 29 Ugushyingo 2004 kugira ngo asabe uburenganzira bwo gutanga iyo nnyandiko35. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo Uregwa yimuriwe muri gereza y’Urukiko muri Nzeri 2002, Porokireri yategereje kugeza tariki ya 28 Ugushyingo 2007 kugira ngo atange icyifuzo gisaba ko urubanza rwakwimurirwa mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda36.

63. Urugereko rugomba kandi gusuzuma niba Gatete yarabangamiwe. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butarabashije kugaragaza ko Uregwa yabangamiwe. Ntibwagaragaje ko hari abatangabuhamya runaka butabashije kubona cyangwa ko hari abapfuye. Ahubwo, mu iburanisha, Ubwunganizi bwabashije guhamagaza 33 Ingingo ya 15 ya Sitati ivuga ko Porokireri ashinzwe gukora iperereza no gukurikirana abantu bakoze ibyaha biri mu byo Urukiko rufitiye ububasha bwo kuburanisha. Reba n’ingingo 39-43 z’Amategeko (Umutwe wa IV « Iperereza n’uburenganzira bw’abakekwaho icyaha »); Ingingo ya 47 y’Amategeko (« Uburyo inyandiko y’ibirego itangwa na Porokireri »); Ingingo ya 50 y’Amategeko (« Guhindura Inyandiko y’ibirego »); Ingingo ya 55 bis y’Amategeko (« Urwandiko rwo gufata rwohererezwa ibihugu byose »); Ingingo ya 60 (« Itangazwa ry’Inyandiko y’ibirego »); Ingingo z’Amategeko 66-68 (zirebana n’itangwa ry’ibimenyetso). Reba n’Urubanza rwa Barayagwiza, Icyemezo (Urugereko rw’ubujurire), 3 Ugushyingo 1999, igika 92. 34 Icyemezo ku ngoboka mbanzirizarubanza y’Ubwunganizi (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 29 Werurwe 2004. 35 Ibivugwa na Porokireri n’icyifuzo gisaba uburenganzira bwo gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe cyubahiriza Itegeko ry’Urugereko ryo ku itariki ya 29 Werurwe 2004, 29 Ugushyingo 2004. Nyuma yaho, Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe yaje gutangwa ku itariki ya 10 Gicurasi 2005. 36 Icyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko urubanza rwakwimurirwa mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 11 bis y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso y’Urukiko, 28 Ugushyingo 2007. 392/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 25 abatangabuhamya 27 bashinjura Gatete ku byo aregwa. Byongeye kandi, Ubwunganizi ntibwabyukije ikibazo cyo kuzarira mu cyiciro cyabanjirije iburanisha ry’urubanza cyangwa ngo rubivuge mu cyifuzo mu iburanisha, ngo bumenyeshe Urugereko ko hari ibibazo bwagize mu iperereza cyangwa mu myiteguro muri rusange, bitewe no kuba harabayeho kuzarira mu cyiciro cyabanjirije iburanisha ry’urubanza. Kuba Ubwunganizi butarabyukije icyo kibazo kugeza butanze Imyanzuro nsozarubanza bigaragaza ko, niba koko harabayeho kubangamirwa bitewe n’ubwo bukererwe, Uregwa ntiyabangamiwe ku buryo bukabije.

64. Muri make, n’ubwo byafashe igihe kirekire mbere y’uko uru rubanza rutangira kuburanishwa, rumaze gusuzuma ibijyanye n’iki kibazo byose, Urugereko rusanga uko kuzarira kudakabije. By’umwihariko, Urugereko ruributsa ko uru rubanza rwari insobe kubera umubare munini w’ibirego n’ibivugwa, hamwe n’imiterere y’ibyaha Uregwa ashinjwa. Uru rubanza kandi rwari rwahiswemo kugira ngo rwimurirwe mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 11 bis y’Amategeko. Urugereko rusanga niba harabayeho kubangamirwa k’Uregwa kwari koroheje, kandi kuva urubanza rutangiye kuburanishwa rwarihutishijwe37. Bityo rero, kuzarira kwabayeho ntikwakabije, bityo bikaba bitagomba indihano. 37 Uko biri kose, Urugereko rusanga n’iyo ruza gusanga harabayeho kuzarira bikabije bitari gutuma hagenwa indihano yo kugabanyirizwa igihano nk’uko Ubwunganizi bubivuga. Bitewe n’uko kubangamirwa, kuramutse kwarabayeho byaba ari mu rwego rworoheje cyane, bitewe kandi n’imiterere y’urubanza, cyane cyane uburemere by’ibyaha busaba igihano kiruta ibindi, indihano ikwiye yaba iyo kwemeza ku mugaragaro ko habayeho kubangamirwa. Urugereko rusanga, mu manza zafashwemo icyemezo cyo kugabanya igihano, hari ubundi burenganzira bunyuranye bujyana no gucirwa urubanza ruboneye, butubahirijwe. Nk’urugero, mu rubanza rwa Semanza, igihano cy’imyaka 25 y’igifungo cyagabanyijweho amezi atandatu kubera ko uburenganzira bw’uregwa bwo kumenyeshwa ibyo akurikiranyweho bidatinze n’ubwo kugaragaza ko ifungwa rye rinyuranyije n’amategeko 391/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 26 2.3.2 Igihe gikwiye cyo gutegura imyiregurire: Ingaruka z’ingamba zo kubungabunga umutekano 65. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Porokireri yarengereye mu gukoresha ibikubiye mu ngamba zo kubungabunga umutekano, agira inama abatangabuhamya bashinja gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko bakoresheje amazina bahabwa mu rwego rwo kugira ngo umwirondoro wabo utamenyekana, batabanje kubazwa niba koko bari bafite impungenge z’umutekano wabo bwite cyangwa uw’imiryango yabo, no kureba niba koko, nta marangamutima, ubwo bwoba bwari bufite ishingiro. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko kuba bwaramenyeshejwe umwirondoro w’abatangabuhamya bashinja babungabungirwa umutekano hasigaye gusa butubahirijwe. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, ibika 578, 580, 590; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 323-325, 329. Byongeye kandi, mu rubanza rwa Barayagwiza, igihano cyo gufungwa burundu uregwa yakatiwe cyaragabanyijwe kugeza ku myaka 35 y’igifungo. Barayagwiza yari yafunzwe iminsi 18 atamenyeshejwe impamvu z’ifungwa rye, bityo uburenganzira bwe bwo kumenyeshwa bidatinze ibyo yari akurikiranyweho bukaba butari bwubahirijwe. Habayeho gutinda kandi hagati y’ifatwa rye no kwimurirwa muri gereza y’Urukiko, kandi yamaze iminsi 20 ataragezwa imbere y’Urukiko bwa mbere. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo,

ibika 1106-1107; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 1076-1097. Mu rubanza rwa Kajelijeli, ibihano bibiri byo gufungwa burundu hamwe n’icy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 byagabanyijwe kugeza ku gihano kimwe rukumbi cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 45. Kajelijeli ntiyamenyeshejwe bidatinze impamvu z’ifatwa rye cyangwa ibirego by’agateganyo yari akurikiranyweho, kandi afungirwa muri Benin iminsi 306 mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; nta n’ubwo kandi yashyikirijwe umucamanza cyangwa undi mukozi wo mu rwego rw’ubutabera. Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu bujurire, ibika 320-324. Urugereko rusanga kandi mu rubanza rwa Rwamakuba haratanzwe indihano zikomoka ku kutubahiriza ubundi burenganzira bwo gucirwa urubanza ruboneye buterekeye igihe uregwa yamaze afunze mbere yo kuburanishwa. Reba Urubanza rwa Rwamakuba, Icyemezo ku bujurire bwerekeye Icyemezo kigena indihano ikwiye (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 13 Nzeri 2007, igika 24, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Cyemezo cyo mu Rubanza rwa Semanza (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 31 Gicurasi 2000. 390/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 27 iminsi 30 kugira ngo iburanisha ry’urubanza ritangire, byabangamiye ubushobozi bw’Uregwa bwo gutegura imyiregurire ye hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 20 (4)(b) ya Sitati. Ubwunganizi bukabisabira rero indihano ikwiye38.

66. Porokireri avuga ko Ubwunganizi butagaragaje icyo bwabangamiweho, akanahakana ko yabwiye abatangabuhamya bashinja gutanga ubuhamya bakoresha amazina bahabwa mu rubanza. Ikindi kandi, Porokiereri avuga ko uretse ababuranyi, hari abandi bantu banyuranye barimo abo mu Gashami kita ku batangabuhamya no ku bahohotewe babonanye n’abatangabuhamya, bakaba bashobora kuba barababwiye gutanga ubuhamya bakoresheje amazina bahabwa mu rubanza39.

67. Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 19 ya Sitati, iyo Urukiko ruburanisha harindwa ku buryo bukwiye umutekano w’abakorewe ibyaha n’uw’abatangabuhamya. Ingingo ya 21 ya Sitati itegeka Urukiko guteganya ingamba zo kwita ku mutekano w’abakorewe ibyaha n’uw’abatangabuhamya. Izo ngamba zirimo kutasasa umwirondoro w’abatangabuhamya, ariko si ibyo byonyine. Muri urwo rwego, ingingo ya 69 y’Amategeko ivuga komu gihe hari impamvu zidasanzwe, umuburanyi ashobora gusaba Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo gutanga itegeko ryo kutasasa umwirondoro w’uwahohotewe cyangwa w’umutangabuhamya kugira ngo bitava aho bibashyira mu kaga, kugeza igihe Urugereko rubitegetse ukundi. Ingingo ya 69 (C) y’Amategeko isaba ko, haseguriwe ibikubiye mu ngingo ya 75, umwirondoro w’abakorewe ibyaha cyangwa uw’abatangabuhamya 38 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1255-1263. By’umwihariko, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko abatangabuhamya bashinja biswe AIZ, BBR, BAR, AIV na BBQ bagaragaza « gahunda » ya Porokireri yo gusaba cyangwa gushishikariza abatangabuhamya gutanga ubuhamya bakoresha amazina bahabwa mu rubanza mu rwego rwo kugira ngo umwirondoro wabo utamenyekana. 39 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 24-25 (Ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo). 389/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 28 ugomba kumenyeshwa Ubwunganizi mu gihe kigenwa n’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo, kugira ngo Ubwunganizi bubone igihe gihagije cyo gutegura imyiregurire y’uregwa. Ingingo ya 75 y’Amategeko yemerera umucamanza cyangwa Urugereko, babyibwirije cyangwa babisabwe n’umwe mu baburanyi, uwahohotewe, umutangabuhamya bireba cyangwa Agashami gashinzwe kwita ku batangabuhamya no ku bahohotewe, gushyiraho ingamba zituma umutekano w’abatangabuhamya n’abahohotewe ubungabungwa kandi imibereho bwite yabo itavogerwa, zipfa gusa kutabangamira uburenganzira bw’uregwa, harimo n’ubwo gucirwa urubanza ruboneye.

68. Ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya zemezwa hakurikijwe imiterere bwite ya buri kibazo. Ukurikije ubukemuramanza bw’Urukiko, umutangabuhamya usabirwa ingamba zo kubungabungirwa umutekano agomba kuba afite impungenge nyazo kubera umutekano we cyangwa w’umuryango we, kandi izo mpungenge zigomba, nta marangamutima, kuba zifite ishingiro. Izo mpungenge zishobora kandi kugaragazwa n’abandi bantu batari abatangabuhamya ubwabo40.

69. Muri uru rubanza, Urugereko rwemeye ku itariki ya 11 Gashyantare 2004 ko hafatwa ingamba zo kubungabunga umutekano w’abatangabuhamya bashinja. Urugereko rutegura urubanza rwasanze Porokireri yaratanze ingingo zumvikana zerekeye umutekano udahamye mu Rwanda no kuba Abanyarwanda baba mu bindi bihugu bashobora 40 Urubanza rwa Ntawukulilyayo, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano, 6 Gashyantare 2009, igika 4, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Rubanza rwa Kalimanzira, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 8 Ugushyingo 2007, igika 3; Urubanza rwa Setako, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 18 Nzeri 2007, igika 4; Urubanza rwa Nchamihigo, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya bashinja (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 26 Nyakanga 2006, ibika 4-5. 388/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 29 kugirirwa nabi, ibyo bigatuma habaho impungenge zumvikana kandi zifite ishingiro ko gutangaza ko bafite uruhare mu manza ziburanishwa n’Urukiko byabangamira umutekano wabo41. Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butavuga ko icyemezo cyo kwemera ko hafatwa ingamba zo kubungabunga umutekano w’abatangabuhamya cyarimo ikosa cyangwa ko Urugereko rutegura urubanza rwarengereye ububasha busesuye bwarwo.

70. Ku birebana n’abatangabuhamya Ubwunganizi buvuga, Urugereko rusanga batarabajijwe niba bari bafite ubwoba bwo gutanga ubuhamya bakoresha amazina yabo asanzwe, ahubwo barabajijwe niba barasabye ubwabo gutanga ubuhamya bakoresha amazina bahabwa mu rubanza42. Urugereko rusanga ariko byumvikana ko abatangabuhamya buri gihe badasaba byanze bikunze gutanga ubuhamya bakoresha amazina bahabwa mu rubanza. Koko rero, abatangabuhamya benshi baba batabona cyangwa batumva ingaruka zo gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko kugeza igihe babisobanuriwe. Ibyo bisobanuro bishobora kuba byarakomotse ku bantu banyuranye nk’abakora iperereza, Porokireri, 41 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 11 Gashyantare 2004, igika 4. 42 Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 69-71 (« Wasabye gutanga ubuhamya ukoresha izina wahawe muri uru rubanza, cyangwa hari umuntu wakubwiye ko ukwiriye gutanga ubuhamya ukoresha bene iryo zina? Si jye wabisabye. Bambwiye ko byaba byiza kurushaho ntanze ubuhamya nkoresha izina mpawe mu rubanza »); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 34 (« Wasabye gutanga ubuhamya ukoresha izina wahawe mu rubanza, cyangwa hari umuntu wakubwiye ko ukwiriye gutanga ubuhamya ukoresha izina nk’iryo? Sinasabye kwitwa irindi

zina mu rubanza. Bansobanuriye ko, mu rwego rwo kubungabunga umutekano we, umutangabuhamya ahabwa izina mu rubanza. Ng’uko uko nahawe irindi zina. Si jyewe ubwanjye wabisabye »); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 74 ( « Wasabye gutanga ubuhamya ukoresha izina uhawe mu rubanza? Oya, ntabwo naba narasabye gukoresha izina mpawe, ariko ndakeka ko nkoresheje izina mpawe mu rubanza nta kibazo byatera »). 387/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 30 cyangwa Agashami kita ku batangabuhamya no ku bakorewe ibyaha. Ikindi kandi, kuba impungenge zigaragajwe n’undi muntu utari umutangabuhamya ntibivuga ko ingamba zo kubungabunga umutekano zidafite ishingiro cyangwa zitari ngombwa43.

71. Byongeye kandi, Ubwunganizi bwashyikirijwe umwirondoro w’abatangabuhamya bashinja barindiwe umutekano bose hasigaye iminsi 30 ngo urubanza rutangire kuburanishwa. Ubwunganizi ntibwashoboye kugaragaza uburyo icyo gihe kitari gihagije mu kwitegura kuzabaza abatangabuhamya bashinja ibibazo binyomoza. Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butarashoboye kugaragaza ko ibyo Porokireri yakoze bitemewe. Ubwunganizi ntibwagaragaje kandi ko butabonye umwanya uhagije wo kwitegura gusubiza ingingo za Porokireri. Bityo rero, Uregwa nta cyo yabangamiweho ku buryo byatuma habaho indihano44. 43 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 11 Gashyantare 2004, igika 4; Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 10 Mata 2007, igika 2; Urubanza rwa Nzirorera, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko hagenwa ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 12 Nyakanga 2000, igika 9. 44 Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ku nyandiko yakozwe hejuru y’indahiro n’umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA131. Ubwunganizi bukaba bwaravuze ko buzasaba ko yakwakirwa nk’ikimenyetso hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko. By’umwihariko, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko iyo nyandiko yakozwe hejuru y’indahiro igaragaza

ko umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe AIV n’uwiswe BBQ batanze ubuhamya bakoresha amazina bahawe mu rubanza kandi bari baratangarije iwabo ko bagiye gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 1260. Nyamara ariko, iyo nyandiko yakozwe hejuru y’indahiro n’umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA131 ntabwo iri muri dosiye kubera ko itigeze yakirwa nk’ikimenyetso, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 92 bis. Urugereko ruributsa kandi « Icyemezo cyarwo ku byifuzo by’Ubwunganizi na Porokireri bisaba ko ubuhamya bwanditse bwakwakirwa nk’ikimenyetso, hamwe n’icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kwigiza inyuma 386/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 31 2.3.3 Imiburanishirize ishingiye ku ngingo ya 15 bis 72. Mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko inyungu z’Uregwa zabangamiwe kuko mu minsi 30 iburanisha ryamaze, harimo iminsi umunani Urugereko rwaburanishije rushingiye ku ngingo ya 15 bis y’Amategeko. Cyakora, Ubwunganizi bwiyemerera ko mu iburanisha, Urugereko rutigeze runyuranya n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 15 bis. Ubwunganizi busobanura ariko ko Uregwa yabangamiwe kuko muri iyo minsi umunani abatangabuhamya 12 bose batanze ubuhamya inteko ituzuye, kandi ko kureba ubuhamya bwabo kuri videwo bidafasha umucamanza utari uri mu iburanisha gusuzuma imyifatire y’abo batangabuhamya, ari na yo aheraho asuzuma niba ubuhamya bwabo bukwiye kwemerwa, ibi bikaba atari kimwe n’uko byagenda umucamanza ahibereye. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko iyo umwe mu bacamanza abuze, ibibazo bibazwa n’inteko mu iburanisha ntibigira uburemere n’ingaruka bimwe.45 73. Ingingo ya 15 bis (A) y’Amategeko ivuga ko, iyo ku mpamvu z’uburwayi cyangwa izindi mpamvu ze bwite kandi zihutirwa, cyangwa ku mpamvu z’akazi k’Urukiko, umucamanza adashobora, mu gihe gishobora kuba kigufi, gukomeza kuburanisha urubanza rwatangiye, kandi abandi bacamanza b’Urugereko bakaba babona neza ko biri mu nyungu z’ubutabera, abo bacamanza bandi bashobora gukomeza kuburanisha urwo rubanza wa mucamanza adahari

mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itanu y’akazi. Ingingo ya 15 bis iteganya rero ko abo bacamanza bandi bafite ububasha busesuye bwo kugena niba gukomeza iburanisha ry’urwo rubanza bonyine biri mu nyungu z’ubutabera. itariki yo gutanga Imyanzuro nsozarubanza » cyo ku itariki ya 24 Kamena 2010, aho Urugereko rwasanze iriya nyandiko yakozwe hejuru y’indahiro itujuje ibisabwa n’ingingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko. 45 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1264-1269. 385/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 32 74. Ubwunganizi ntibwagaragaje ko abacamanza bandi bagize urwo Rugereko barengereye mu gukoresha ububasha bahabwa n’ingingo ya 15 bis ubwo bemezaga ko urubanza rwagombaga gukomeza kubera inyungu z’ubutabera. Ikindi kandi, n’ubwo icyiza ari uko buri mucamanza yakumva umutangabuhamya imbonankubone, iryo hame rigira aho rigarukira. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze Amategeko n’ubukemuramanza by’Urukiko byaragaragaje ko iryo hame rishobora kugira irengayobora.46 Byongeye kandi, imyifatire y’umutangabuhamya mu rukiko si yo ngingo yonyine igenderwaho mu gusuzuma ukwizerwa kwe kuko hari ibindi bizirikanwa birimo: uruhare umutanga- buhamya yagize mu byabaye bivugwa mu rubanza; inyungu yaba afite mu gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma; niba ibyo avuga bishoboka kandi byumvikana; niba hagati y’ubuhamya bwatangiwe mu Rukiko n’ubwanditse bwatanzwe mbere cyangwa se ibindi bimenyetso habonekamo guhuzagurika; niba hari ikindi gihe umutangabuhamya yaba yarigeze gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma; n’ibisubizo bye mu gihe cy’ibaza rinyomoza.47 75. Mu gusoza kuri iyi ngingo, Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butarabyukije inzitizi n’imwe inenga iyo miburanishirize ishingiye ku ngingo ya 15 bis y’Amategeko, cyangwa se ngo bube bwarasabye kongera guhamagaza umutangabuhamya uyu n’uyu. Ntibwigeze buvuga ko mbere yo gufata icyemezo ku kwizerwa

k’umutangabuhamya ku kibazo 46 Urubanza rwa Nyiramasuhuko na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku miburanishirize ishingiye ku ngingo ya 15 bis (D) (Urugereko rw’ubujurire), 24 Nzeri 2003, ibika 24-25. 47 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 194; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bikindi mu bujurire, igika 114; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nchamihigo mu bujurire, ibika 47, 285. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze kandi ko igihe kasete videwo zitabonetse, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha yaba ihagije kugira ngo Umucamanza w’umusimbura utari uhari igihe ubuhamya bwatangwaga na we amenye uko urubanza rwagenze mbere y’uko yinjira mu nteko. Urubanza rwa Nyiramasuhuko na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku miburanishirize ishingiye ku ngingo ya 15 bis (D) (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 24 Nzeri 2003, igika 33. 384/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 33 runaka, umucamanza utari uri mu iburanisha yagombaga gushingira ku myifatire y’umutangabuhamya mu rukiko, ku miterere y’ijwi rye asubiza ibibazo, no ku yindi myitwarire ye mu rukiko « igaragarira mu bundi buryo butari ubw’amagambo ».48 76. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga nta gaciro rukwiye guha ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ku kibazo cy’imiburanishirize ishingiye ku ngingo 15 bis y’Amategeko.49 2.3.4 Uburenganzira bwo guceceka 77. Mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza, Porokireri yemeza ko Urugereko rwagombye gufata umwanzuro ubangamiye Gatete kubera ko yanze gutanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwe.50 Ubwunganizi bwibukije ubukemuramanza bw’uru Rukiko, ubw’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho Icyahoze cyitwa Yugosilaviya ndetse na Sitati y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga yasinyiwe i Roma, buvuga ko iyo uregwa ahisemo kudatanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwe nta mwanzuro nk’uwo umubangamiye Urugereko rugomba gufata.51 78. Ingingo ya 20 ya Sitati iha uregwa uburenganzira bwo kudahatirwa kwishinja cyangwa kwemera icyaha.52 Ikindi kandi, ingingo ya 85 (C) y’Amategeko ivuga ko uregwa, iyo 48 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 1267. 49 Urugereko rwasanze kandi abacamanza batari bahari igihe uwo mutangabuhamya yatangaga ubuhamya bararebye videwo zabwo. 50 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 197-199, 201-211. 51 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 68-73. 52Ingingo ya 20(4)(g) ya Sitati y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, 31 Mutarama 2010: « Umuntu wese warezwe hakurikijwe iyi Sitati afite uburenganzira, mu buringanire busesuye, nibura kuri ibi bikurikira :…(g) kudahatirwa kwishinja cyangwa kwemera icyaha » 383/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 34 abishatse, ashobora kwitaba urukiko nk’umutangabuhamya mu rubanza rwe.53 Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje kandi ko bibujijwe rwose gufata umwanzuro ucukumbuye uwo ari wo wose ubangamiye uregwa ngo kubera ko yanze kwishinja.54 Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko ntirwemeye icyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba gufatira Gatete umwanzuro umubangamiye ngo kuko yanze gutanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwe. 2.4 Ingingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko 79. Mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza, Porokireri ashingira ku bikubiye mu buhamya bwanditse bwatanzwe mbere kugira ngo agaragaze imyifatire iyi n’iyi y’Uregwa, ariko kandi, rushingiye ku ngingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko, Urugereko ntirwakiriye ubwo buhamya bwanditse.

80. Urugereko ruributsa ko ingingo ya 92 bis (A) iteganya ko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rufite ububasha busesuye bwo kwemera ibimenyetso byose cyangwa bimwe muri byo bitanzwe n’umutangabuhamya mu nyandiko isimbura ibyo yavugira mu rukiko iyo ubwo buhamya bwanditse bushobora kugaragaza igikorwa runaka cyangwa imyitwarire bitari mu bikorwa uregwa ashinjwa bivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego.55 Igika 53 Ingingo 85 (C) y’Amategeko ivuga ko « iyo uregwa abishatse, ashobora kwitaba Urukiko nk’umutangabuhamya maze agatanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwe ». 54Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muvunyi mu bujurire, igika 7. Ubukemuramanza bw’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire buvuga ko, kugira ngo Urugereko rufate umwanzuro ubangamiye Uregwa kubera ko yahisemo kwicecekera, muri Sitati hagomba kuba hari ingingo igaragara ibirwemerera kugira ngo hatabaho kurengera. Iyo nta ngingo nk’iyo ihari, « birabujijwe rwose gufata umwanzuro ucukumbuye nk’uwo ». Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Delalic mu bujurire, igika 783. 55 Ingingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko yitwa: « Ibimenyetso ku byabaye bitanzwe mu bundi buryo butari ubuhamya butangiwe mu rukiko ». Igika (A) kivuga ko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezorushobora kwemera ibimenyetso byose cyangwa bimwe muri byo, bitanzwe n’umutangabuhamya mu nyandiko isimbura ibyo yavugira mu rukiko, 382/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 35 (B) kirondora bimwe mu bigomba kubahirizwa mbere yo kwakira ubuhamya bwanditse hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 92 bis.56 Ariko bitewe n’uko ubwo buhamya bwanditse Porokireri ashingiraho butakiriwe hakurikijwe iyo ngingo, kandi, uko byagenda kose, bukaba budashobora kuzuza ibisabwa n’Amategeko mu mizi no mu miterere yabwo ngo bushobore kwakirwa hakurikijwe iyo ngingo, Urugereko ntirushobora kubushingiraho nk’ikimenyetso gikubiyemo ukuri.57 3. JEAN-BAPTISTE GATETE 81. Jean-Baptiste Gatete yavukiye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komini ya Murambi, Perefegitura ya Byumba mu Rwanda, mu wa 1953.58 Amashuri ye yayize mu Rwanda, nyuma ayakomereza i Burayi.59 Afite umugore n’abana.60 kandi iyo nyandiko ikaba ishobora guhamya igikorwa runaka kidahuye n’ibyo uregwa ashinjwa cyangwa imyitwarire ye bivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. Itondagura ibisabwa bimwe na bimwe (urwo rutonde ariko ntirubivuga byose) kugira ngo ubuhamya bwanditse bwemerwe cyangwa bwe kwemerwa. 56 Ikindi kandi, igika E) kivuga ko iyo Urugereko rumaze kumva ababuranyi, rwemeza niba ubuhamya bwanditse cyangwa inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha ikubiyemo ubwo buhamya byashyirwa muri dosiye uko byakabaye cyangwa se igice cyabyo, rukanemeza niba ari ngombwa ko umutangabuhamya arwitaba kugira ngo abazwe ibibazo binyomoza. 57 Ubwo buhamya bwanditse ariko bwakiriwe hashingiwe ku

ngingo ya 89 (C) y’Amategeko, iteganya, muri rusange, ibisabwa mbere yo kwakira ibimenyetso. Urugereko rwabonye rero ubu buhamya bufite agaciro kandi bufitanye isano n’urubanza ku buryo bwakoreshwa mu isuzuma ry’ukwemerwa kwa ba nyirabwo. 58 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 1; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 8; Igisubizo cy’Ubwunganizi ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba Urugereko kwakira ibyabaye nk’ibitagomba kujyibwaho impaka, 15 Nyakanga 2009 (« Igisubizo cy’Ubwunganizi »), urup.5; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 8, 256. 59 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 9. 381/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 36 82. Gatete yari umwe mu bagize Kongere y’Igihugu y’ishyaka rya MRND.61 Yabaye Burugumesitiri wa Komini ya Murambi, Perefegitura ya Byumba, kuva mu wa 1982 kugeza muri Kamena 1993.62 Nyuma yaje kugirwa umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Abari n’Abategarugori, icyo gihe yayoborwaga na Pauline Nyiramasuhuko.63 83. Gatete yavuye mu Rwanda mu wa 1994,64 afatirwa muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Kongo ku itariki ya 11 Nzeri 2002. Yimuriwe muri Gereza y’Urukiko ku itariki ya 13 Nzeri 2002.65 60 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1270, 1277; Impinamyanzuro yo mu ikubitiro y’Ubwunganizi, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 8. 61 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 2; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 9; Impinamyanzuro yo mu ikubitiro ya Porokireri, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp.2-3; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup.8; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 25; Igisubizo cy’Ubwungangizi, urup.5. 62Igika 2 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko Gatete yagizwe burugumesitiri mu wa 1987. Cyakora, nyuma Porokireri yaje kuvuga ko yemera ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ko Gatete yabaye Burugumesitiri wa Murambi mu wa 1982. Impinamyanzuro yo mu ikubitiro ya Porokireri, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009,

urup. 2; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 8. Reba kandi Igisubizo cy’Ubwunganizi, urup. 5 (2); Impinamyanzuro yo mu ikubitiro y’Ubwunganizi, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 7; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 5, 11, 1167, 1271. 63 Inyandiko y’ibirego igika 2; Impinamyanzuro yo mu ikubitiro ya Porokireri, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 2-3; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika, 9; Igisubiro y’Ubwunganizi, urup. 5. 64 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 182; Impinamyanzuro yo mu ikubitiro y’Ubwunganizi, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 8; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 63. 380/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 37 II. IMYANZURO ISHINGIYE KU BYABAYE 1.

INAMA YABEREYE MURI SEGITERI YA NYABISINDU KU ITARIKI YA 7 MATA 1994 1.1 Intangiriro 84. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yakoresheje inama y’abayobozi bo mu nzego z’ibanze muri segiteri na serire zinyuranye za Komini ya Murambi, agamije gutanga intwaro no « guhamagarira » abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW agashinja Gatete, by’umwihariko, ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa munani z’ijoro, yakoresheje inama muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, Komini ya Murambi.66 85. Ubwunganizi ntibwemera ko Gatete yakoresheje inama nk’izo. Bushingira cyane cyane ku buhamya bwa Apolinaire Karemera bugahakana ko mu gihe kivugwa Gatete yakoresheje inama muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko Uregwa atamenyeshejwe ku buryo buhagije ibyabaye by’ingenzi birebana n’iyo nama67. 65 Itegeko ryerekeye kwitaba Urukiko bwa mbere k’Uregwa, 17 Nzeri 2002; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 13; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 1216. 66 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 14, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 30-31, 229-231, 565-629, 695, 697-717. Igika cya 14 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego na cyo kivuga ko Gatete yakoresheje inama ku itariki ya 7 Mata 2012 cyangwa hafi yayo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, iya Gakenke, iya Kiramuruzi n’iya Gakoni. Reba II.2; II.3. 67 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 98-157, 698-701, 1089-1090. 379/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 38 1.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBW 86. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW ni Umututsi wari umuhinzi mworozi akaba yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, Komini ya Murambi mu wa 1994. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, mu masaa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo, uyu mutangabuhamya yari iwe ubwo Gatete n’abandi bantu bazaga muri Serire ya Ntete bari mu modoka ya kamyoneti (pickup). Akoresheje indangururamajwi, Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe ko zigomba kumusanga mu masangano y’imihanda kwa « Nyiringango ». Amaze kumva iryo tangazo, uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye mu rugo rwe, agenda nka metero 100 mbere yo kugera aho mu masangano y’imihanda. Yihishe inyuma y’uruzitiro yumva ibyo Gatete yabwiraga imbaga y’Interahamwe n’abaturage b’Abahutu. Gatete yababwiye ko Perezida yishwe n’Inkotanyi n’Abatutsi, nuko abahamagarira « kurwanya umwanzi », ni ukuvuga Abatutsi. Yongeyeho ko bagomba gushyira ku ruhande ibibazo by’amashyaka, maze Abatutsi, baba abato cyangwa abakuru, « bagahigwa »68.

87. Nyuma y’ayo magambo, uyu mutangabuhamya yahise asubira iwe. Bigeze mu masaa moya za mu gitondo, umuhungu yari yarabyaye muri batisimu yaje kumubwira inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Yamusobanuriye ku buryo burambuye ibyavugiwe muri ya nama Gatete yari yafashemo ijambo, anamubwira ko Gatete yatanze imbunda.69 68 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 23 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 4-5, 7-8, 10, 12-14 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 15, 25. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 10 (« Gatete yaje mu modoka ari kumwe n’abandi bantu ntari nzi »). 69 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 14-16, 17, 27. 378/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 39 88. Kubera amabwiriza yari yatanzwe kuri Radiyo Rwanda, uyu mutangabuhamya n’umugore we bagumye mu rugo. Uwo munsi Interahamwe zaje mu rugo rwe, maze we n’umuhungu we w’imyaka 12 bahunga berekeza ku kiyaga cya Muhazi, naho umugore we n’abandi bana bahungira mu cyerekezo giteganye n’icyabo. Interahamwe imwe yabonye uyu mutangabuhamya iramukurikira. Ubwo we n’umuhungu we basimbukiye mu kiyaga cya Muhazi. Interahamwe zitwaje intwaro zarabageretse kugera ku nkombe y’ikiyaga zigerageza kubumvisha ko bakwiye gusubira iwabo ariko uyu mutangabuhamya n’umuhungu we baguma mu mazi kugeza aho zigendeye. Nyuma yaho, uyu mutangabumya yagiye mu isambu y’umuturanyi we. Uwo mutangabuhamya yavuze kandi ko Interahamwe zashakaga kubica, ko we n’umuhungu boze nk’iminota 40 bambuka bajya i Kavumu muri Komini ya Muhazi.70 89. I Kavumu, BBW yahamaze nk’icyumweru kuko ho hari hagitekanye. Nyuma ariko haje kuba ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano, abantu barahunga kuko Inkotanyi zari zigeze hafi yaho. Abaturage b’ako gace basabye abasirikare kubafasha kwambuka ikiyaga cya Muhazi kugira ngo bazihunge. Muri Komini ya Muhazi ubwicanyi bwari bwaratangiye. BBW bamugiriye inama yo kwambuka ikiyaga agataha kuko iwabo ubwicanyi bwari bwahagaze. Yambukanye n’abandi bantu babiri mu bwato, ariko asiga umuhungu we muri Komini ya Muhazi. Nyuma yaho,

BBW yaje guhungira muri Komini ya Rukara.71 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Apolinaire Karemera 90. Apolinaire Karemera ni Umututsi. Mu wa 1994, yari umwarimu atuye muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, Komini ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata, mu masaa tanu z’ijoro, ubwo 70 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 17-20, 23, 27-28. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW yavuze amazina y’abantu bamwe bari mu bitero. Inyandikomvugo y’buranisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-19. 71Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 20 ( ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 21, 28-31. 377/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 40 Karemera yari kwa muramu we utuye muri Serire ya Ntete, Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, muri metero nka 800 uvuye kwa Nyilingango na we utuye muri iyo serire, yumvise Radiyo itangaza ko indege ya Perezida yahanutse irashwe. Iryo joro hari ituze. Bagumye aho mu rugo, bicaye mu ruganiriro, ntibasinziriye. Mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata naho nta kintu kidasanzwe cyabaye. Nta modoka uyu mutangabuhamya yigeze abona iza, nta n’umuntu waba waravugiye mu ndangururamajwi yumvise.72 91. Mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo, ni ho inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida yasakaye. Mu saa yine za mu gitondo, Karemera yagiye gusura umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW kugira ngo bungurane ibitekerezo ku cyo bagombaga gukora. Yahamaze nk’iminota 30 mbere yo kwerekeza kwa nyinawabo [cyangwa nyirasenge] muri Serire ya Ntete.73 92. Mu masaa kumi zo ku gicamunsi, umutangabuhamya BBW wari wasize umugore we n’abana ku muturanyi we yabwiye Karemera ko afashe icyemezo cyo kujya i Kavumu muri Komini ya Muhazi. Barajyanye bagerana ahantu hitwa kuri « Société », hari santere y’ubucuruzi. Aho ni ho batandukaniye, umwe afata inzira ye undi iye bombi bambuka ikiyaga cya Muhazi. Karemera ageze nko muri metero 10 uvuye ku nkombe yabonye 72Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 45 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 18-19, 22-25,

55-56. Karemera yasobanuye kandi ko Nyilingango yari atuye mu masangano y’imihanda itatu, umwe ugana i Gasave, ugana kuri santere y’ubucuruzi, aho bitaga kuri « Société », n’undi ugana i Kibungo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 24-25. Umutangabuhamya yabanje kuvuga ko ari Umututsi, ariko mu gihe cy’ibaza rinyomoza yiyemerera ko, mbere ya 1994, we n’umuryango we bari bafite indangamuntu zanditseho ko ari Abahutu. Yavuze ko mu wa 1994 ariho yamenye ubwoko bwe nyabwo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 36-38. 73 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 25-26. 376/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 41 BBW ajya mu bwato ari wenyine, agiye kwambuka ikiyaga. Karemera yagiye ku cyambu cya Nyarubuye, ashaka umusare umwambutsa.74 93. Hashize icyumweru kimwe, Karemera yasubiye iwabo asanga ababyeyi be mu nkambi y’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara, i Kiramuruzi. Nyuma y’iminsi itatu ni ho BBW yaje kumureba amubwira ko yari yaragiye mu nkambi y’i Gahini muri Komini ya Rukara.75 1.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 94. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki 7 Mata cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yakoresheje inama z’abayobozi bo mu nzego z’ibanze muri za segiteri na serire zinyuranye za Komini ya Murambi, agamije gutanga intwaro no « guhamagarira » abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Porokireri, ashingiye ku buhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW, arega Gatete ko, by’umwihariko, yatumije inama mu masaa munani z’ijoro muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu kandi ko Abatutsi bicishijwe intwaro zatanzwe na we.76 Ubwunganizi na bwo bushingira ku buhamya bwa Apolinaire Karemera buvuga ko nta nama nk’iyo yabaye.77 95. Rushingiye mbere na mbere ku bimenyetso byatanzwe na Porokireri, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko umutangabuhamya BBW yashoboraga kumenya Gatete mu wa 1994. 74 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 26-27. Karemera yasobanuye ko umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW yari afite abana bato cyane atashoboraga kugendana. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 27. 75 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 27-28. 76 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 14, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 30-31, 229-231, 565-629, 695, 697-717. 77 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 106-157. 375/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 42 Yari amuzi kuva mu wa 1966, igihe Gatete yari akiri umunyeshuri mu mashuri abanza y’i Nyabisindu, ndetse na nyuma yaho akaba yaramubonaga kenshi, igihe yari Burugumesitiri wa Komini ya Murambi.78 Urugereko ruributsa ko uyu mutangabuhamya ashinja Gatete kuba yarashimuse abavandimwe be mu wa 199079 kandi ibyo Urugereko rwarabizirikanye ubwo rwasusuzumaga ubuhamya bwe.

96. Ku birebana n’agaciro k’ubuhamya BBW yatangiye mu Rukiko, Ubwunganizi bwamunyomoje ubuhamya bw’inyandikomvugo yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko mu Ukwakira 1997, buvuga ko muri ubwo buhamya nta hantu na hamwe avuga ko Gatete yakoresheje indangururamajwi. Urugereko rusanga iyi ngingo nta gaciro kanini ifite. Naho ubundi, muri rusange, ubuhamya bwanditse buhuye n’ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko aho avuga ko Gatete yabwiye Abahutu ijambo mu gitondo cya kare ku itariki ya 7 Mata. Ubwunganizi bushimangira ko mu buhamya bwo mu Ukwakira 1997, BBW avuga ko iyo nama yabaye saa munani z’ijoro, nyamara mu buhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko akavuga ko hari mu rukerera, saa kumi n’imwe.80 Umutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko isaha yatanzwe mu buhamya bwanditse yari ikigereranyo, ko icyo gihe hari haramutse ikibunda ku buryo atashoboraga kumenya isaha nyakuri.81 Urugereko rushingiye ku bisobanuro byatanzwe n’uyu mutangabuhamya, 78 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp.6-9. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW yajyaga abona Gatete ku biro bya Komini. Byongeye kandi n’igihe Gatete yabonaga umwanya yazaga gusura serire uyu mutangabuhamya yari atuyemo. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha aramumenya. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8-9. 79 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.6. 80 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 33 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 24 Ukuboza 1997), urup. 3; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 15, 21, 23-25, 27. 81 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 21, 23. 374/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 43 rumaze kubona ko ubuhamya bwanditse n’ubwatangiwe mu Rukiko bwombi buvuga ko hari mu gitondo cya kare ku itariki 7 Mata, rusanga iryo tandukaniro ridahambaye.

97. Ariko kandi, Urugereko rusanga mu nkuru ya BBW harimo ibintu bivuguruzanya. Nk’urugero, ku birebana n’ukuntu yambutse ikiyaga cya Muhazi asubira iwabo, yari yabanje kuvuga ko atahuka yambutse yoga, ibyo bikaba bihuje n’ubuhamya bwe bwanditse bwo mu Ukwakira 1997.82 Nyamara igihe cy’ibaza rinyomoza, yasobanuye neza impamvu atahuka yafashe ubwato, ibi bikaba bihura n’ibyo yavuze muri Gacaca.83 Abajijwe impamvu z’uko kwivuguruza, yashubije ko mu buhamya bwo mu Ukwakira 1997 harimo amakosa kuko ababwanditse bashyizemo ko agaruka yambutse ikiyaga yoga.84 N’ubwo bwose ibyo bishoboka, ntabwo bisobanura ukwivuguruza kuboneka hagati y’ubuhamya yatanze igihe yabazwaga ibibazo by’ibanze, aho yavuze ko atahuka yambutse yoga, n’ubuhamya yatanze igihe cy’inyomoza, aho yavuze ko yafashe ubwato. 82 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 20 (« Ikibazo : Wagarutse mu karere k’iwanyu ute? Igisubizo: Nongeye kwambuka ikiyaga noga. Ariko mbere yo kugenda, nasanze hari Interahamwe n’abasirikare »); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 33 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki 24 Ukuboza 1997), urup. 3. 83 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 29 (« Ikibazo: … Mu makuru watanze muri Gacaca, wasobanuye ko wambutse ikiyaga mu bwato; uribuka ko ari ko wavuze? Igisubizo: Ubwo ni igihe nagarukaga. Nari kumwe na Kanyankure, irindi zina rye ni Gatete, ndetse na Nganyangabo

w’i Nyabisindu. Abo bagabo babiri babashije kubona ubwato, twambukana ikiyaga dusubira iwacu. Ubwa mbere, igihe nagendaga nari kumwe n’umuhungu wanjye. Ngaruka nari kumwe na Kanyankure, bahimba Gatete, akaba atarabashaga koga. Ni yo mpamvu byabaye ngombwa gushaka ubwato bwo kutwambutsa»). 84 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 30-31 (« Ikibazo: Mutangabuhamya, ubwo rero uragira ngo duhitemo hagati y’ubwato no koga? Igisubizo: Ndakeka ko habayeho kuvanga ibintu igihe ubuhamya bwanjye bwandikwaga. Navuze ko ngenda nambutse ikiyaga noga ariko ko ngaruka nambukanye n’abandi bagenzi babiri mu bwato. Sinigeze mvuga ko ntahuka nambutse noga. Ndakeka ko abanditse ubuhamya bwanjye bibeshye, bakoresheje ijambo ritari ryo. Jye navuze ko nambutse ikiyaga, bakeka wenda ko nshaka kuvuga ko nacyambutse noga. Nasobanuye ku buryo bwumvikana ko igihe nasubiraga ku musozi w’iwacu nari mu bwato »). 373/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 44 98. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rusanga bimwe na bimwe mu byo BBW avuga mu buhamya bwe bitakwemerwa cyane. Yavuze ko we n’umuhungu we w’imyaka 12 bambutse ikiyaga cya Muhazi boga, nyuma bakerekeza i Kavumu muri Komini ya Muhazi. Yongeyeho ko hashize icyumweru, ibibazo bikomeye by’umutekano byavutse, bamugira inama yo gusubira iwabo. BBW yasobanuye ko atahuka yambutse mu bwato, ariko ntiyagira icyo avuga ku muhungu we. Abajijwe uko byagendekeye umuhungu we, yashubije ko yamusize muri Komini ya Muhazi. Urugereko rufite amakenga kuri iyo nkuru kubera ko uyu mutangabuhamya yivugira ko icyo gihe muri Komini ya Muhazi ubwicanyi bwari bwatangiye n’abantu barimo guhunga.85 99. Urugereko rwasuzumye ubuhamya bwa BBW, runazirikana ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubwunganizi. Rusanga ubuhamya bwa Apolinaire Karemera bwahabwa agaciro gato kubera ko nta kigaragaza ko yashoboraga kumva ibyaberaga muri kilometero imwe uvuye aho mushiki we yari atuye. Ariko kandi, ubuhamya bwa Karemera bwateye Urugereko gushidikanya ku kwizerwa kwa BBW, cyane ko Karemera yabonye BBW yambuka ikiyaga cya Muhazi wenyine. Ntiyigeze avuga ko yabonye BBW akurikiwe n’Interahamwe. Urugereko rusanga nta mpamvu yo gushidikanya kuri iki gice cy’ubuhamya bwa Karemera.

100. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BBW budafite ireme rihagije ku buryo rwabushingiraho rufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi uko avuga ibyabaye ruzirikana n’ibimenyetso Porokireri yatanze, by’umwihariko, ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe BBR na AIZ bwerekeye inama yabereye muri 85 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp.17-20, 21 (« Ubwicanyi bwari bwatangiye, bangira inama yo gusubira iwacu hakurya y’ikiyaga, kuko ho ubwicanyi bwari bwahagaze. Banambwiye ko abaturage barimo guhunga »), 28-31. 372/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 45 Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Rushingiye kuri ubwo buhamya, Urugereko rusanga Gatete yaritabiriye inama yabereye hanze y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu gitondo cyo ku itariki 7 Mata, agaha Interahamwe amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi (II.2). Abo batangabuhamya bombi bavuze ko babonye Gatete aturuka mu cyerekezo cya Segiteri ya Nyabisindu.86 Umwanzuro ucukumbuye umuntu yakura muri ubu buhamya ni uko mbere Gatete yari yabanje kujya mu yindi nama nk’iyo muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu. Ariko kandi, uko Urugereko rubibona, uwo si wo mwanzuro wonyine ucukumbuye ushyize mu gaciro wagerwaho.87 86 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.5; Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 6, 57. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rusanga AIZ na we yaravuze ko Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe zari hanze y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ko ubwicanyi bwamaze gutangira muri iyo segiteri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 47. 87 Urugereko rwazirikanye kandi ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA16 wavuze ko Interahamwe zateraniye kwa Félicien Nyilingango, wazitegetse kwica Aisha Mureyekisoni na se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS (II.3). LA16 avuga ko inama yabaye mu masaa sita z’ijoro ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp.

40-42, 43-44, 64, 75-77, 80-82, 87, 89. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW yemeje ko inama we yabonye ari iyabaye ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8, 10, 23, 25. N’ubwo umutangabuhamya wiswe LA16 yiyemereye ko atashoboraga kumenya niba Félicien Nyilingango na Gatete bari bahuye mbere y’uko Nyilingango ajya kumuvana [umutangabuhamya LA16] iwe mu rugo, (Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.77), inama BBW avuga yaba yarabaye nyuma y’iyo LA16 yagiyemo. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rusanga ibisobanuro abo batangabuhamya bombi batanga ku hantu urugo rwa Nyilingango rwari ruherereye, biterekana, nta shiti, ko umuntu bavugaho ari umwe. BBW utaratanze izina rya kabiri rya « Nyilingango » yasobanuye ko Nyilingango ashaka kuvuga yari atuye mu masangano y’imihanda muri Serire ya Ntete muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 13. LA16 yavuze ko urugo rwa Nyilingango rwari « ku muhanda munini » mu gipangu cyari kuri santere y’ubucuruzi ariko ntiyavuze izina rya Segiteri ruherereyemo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

40. Urugereko ruvuga ko, bitewe n’uko ibyo yavugagaho byabereye muri Serire ya Akarambo, byaba biciye mu kuri rwanzuye ko santere y’ubucuruzi yashatse kuvuga ari iri 371/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 46 101. Ikindi kandi, ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa BBW bwemeza ko Gatete yanatanze imbunda muri iyo nama, Urugereko rusanga ibyo uyu mutangabuhamya yarabibwiwe n’umuhungu yabyaye muri batisimu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko ntirushobora kwemera ubu buhamya bwa BBW buvuga ku bintu atahagazeho, nta kindi kimenyetso kibushyigikiye uko bikwiye. Muri uru rwego, Urugereko rwasuzumye ibindi bimenyetso biri muri dosiye maze rusanga nta kindi kimenyetso kiziguye gishyigikira ibyo BBW avuga ko yabwiwe ku birebana n’imbunda zatanzwe na Gatete mu nama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu.88 102. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze ibimenyetso byatanzwe na Porokireri bidahagije mu kugaragaza, ku buryo budashidikanywaho, ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete yayoboye inama muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, akahatangira intwaro n’amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi. Kubera uyu mwanzuro, Urugereko rusanga atari muri iyo Serire ya Akarambo. Urugereko rero rusanga ubuhamya bw’abo batangabuhamya bombi budasobanutse ku birebana no kumenya niba ubuhamya batanze bwerekeye inama imwe. 88 Urugereko rwazirikanye ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe, cyane cyane ibyerekana ko Gatete yazanye imbunda na gerenade byo guha abari mu bitero, nyuma yaho bakagaba igitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi zari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, ku itariki ya 12 Mata.

Reba II.6. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ibyo bimenyetso bidahagije ku buryo byashyigikira mu buryo butaziguye ibyavuzwe n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW ku birebana n’itangwa ry’intwaro muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko ruributsa ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBJ, wavuze ko kenshi Gatete « yakoranaga inama n’Interahamwe cyangwa Impuzamugambi ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba, iya Gakenke n’ahandi hantu nk’i Gakoni, aho zigishirijwe gukoresha intwaro... Uregwa yari yazisezeranije ibihembo. Yari yazibwiye ati « Igihe cyo kuryamana n’abakobwa n’abagore babo no kurya inka zabo cyageze ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

25. Urugereko rusanga ubu buhamya bugufi budahagije, kugira ngo rube rwafata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Byongeye kandi, n’ahandi ntirwigeze rwemera ubuhamya bwa BBJ, igihe cyose hatabonetse ubundi bubushyigira ku buryo bukwiye. Reba II.4; II.5. 370/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 47 ngombwa gusuzuma ibyo Ubwunganizi buvuga ko butamenyeshejwe uko bukwiye ibyabaye bivugwa ahangaha.89 2. INAMA YABEREYE KU BIRO BYA SEGITERI YA RWANKUBA, 7 MATA 1994 2.1 Intangiriro 103. Inyandiko y’ibirego ikubiyemo ibivugwa binyuranye birebana n’amakoraniro yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi, ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, aho Gatete yaba yaratanze intwaro ndetse agatanga n’amabwiriza yo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, yayoboye inama ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, Jean de Dieu Mwange na Konseye wa Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Jean Bizimungu. Abatutsi bicishijwe intwaro zatanzwe na Gatete.90 Ikindi kandi, Konseye Bizimungu na Perezida w’Interahamwe zo muri ako karere, Gerard Kayonza, « bahamagariye » abaturage bo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba gusenya ingo z’Abatutsi, kugaba ibitero, gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi, kandi bateguye ibitero byagabwe ku Batutsi. Icyo gihe kandi Gatete yatanze amategeko yo kwica imiryango yose y’Abatutsi.91 Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga kandi ko Uregwa yakusanyirije hamwe Interahamwe, noneho akoresheje indangururamajwi, azibwira gutangira « akazi » ko kwica Abatutsi. Yazisezeranyije ko azaziha inka ubwicanyi burangiye. Gatete akimara kuva aho hantu, Konseye Bizimungu yategetse Interahamwe 89 Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 110, 113, 115-116, 134-146. 90 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 14, 31, 34. 91 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 16, 31, 34. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko abantu bo mu muryango w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIM bari mu bantu bishwe. Nyamara ariko Porokireri nta bimenyetso yatanze bishyigikira ibyo bivugwa. Reba icyiciro I.2.2. 369/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 48 gutangira kwica Abatutsi. Kubera ibikorwa bya Gatete, Interahamwe zishe abasiviri b’Abatutsi.92 Gatete aregwa kandi kuba yaratanze inkunga mu gutwara Interahamwe, kugira ngo zishobore kugera muri za segiteri na serire za Komine ya Murambi, harimo na Segiteri ya Rwankuba.93 Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe BBR na AIZ.94 104. Ubwunganizi buhakana ibivugwa ku ruhare Gatete yaba yaragize mu gutumiza inama zitandukanye, no mu kubwira ijambo abantu bari mu makoraniro agamije gutanga intwaro, kuba yaba yaratanze inkunga mu gutwara Interahamwe, no kuba yaba yarategetse abantu kwica cyangwa gusambanya ku gahato abasiviri b’Abatutsi. 92 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 17, 31, 34. 93 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 15, 31, 34. 94 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 30-31, 38-39, 82, 109, 229-231, 565-629; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 4, 6, 8-9, 13. Urugereko rusanga umutangabuhamya wiswe BBT yaravuze ku nama yabaye ku itariki ya 7 Mata, kandi Porokireri ni we ashingiraho ashyigikira ibyo avuga. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga BBT yaratanze ubuhamya ku yindi nama, ishobora kuba yarabereye muri Serire ya Akarambo. Reba II.3. Ibyo ari byo byose, ubuhamya ntibusobanura neza aho Serire ya Akarambo iherereye. Reba nk’urugero

ubuhamya bwa BBT, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 68-71; Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 5 (ifishi y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi); Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 19 (ifishi y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Rwankuba); Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 20 (ifishi y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Rwankuba); Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 21 (ifishi y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Urugereko No 1 (Raporo y’ibanga y’urugendo Urugereko rwakoreye ahabereye ibiburanwa, 3 Ugushyingo 2010) igika 8 (ivuga ko Serire ya Akarambo yari muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi). Ibyo ari byo byose, Urugereko rusanga ahantu hakwiriye kuvugwamo ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBT ari mu gice kivuga Serire ya Akarambo. 368/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 49 Ubwunganizi bushingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe LA41, LA43, LA40 n’ubwa Claver Mutimura.95 2.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBR 105. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, ni Umututsi wari umuhinzi mu wa 1994 kandi wari utuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo, mu masaa moya, ari iwe, yumvise Radiyo Rwanda itangaza iby’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Yabimenyesheje umuryango we n’abaturanyi be, kandi bose bakutse umutima. Nyuma, yiyemeje kujya ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba kugira ngo arebe uko ibintu byifashe noneho agaruke ahe abandi amakuru. Ageze hafi yaho, yabonye Interahamwe imbere y’ibiro bya segiteri, noneho ajya kwihisha mu gashyamba k’inturusu kari hagati ya metero nka 20 na 25 z’ibiro bya segiteri.96 106. Igihe yari yihishe, yabonye Gatete aza atwaye ivatiri, ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange. Baje baturuka mu cyerekezo cya Segiteri ya Nyabisindu nuko bahagarara imbere y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Baje bakurikiwe ako kanya n’ikamyoneti yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota Hilux irimo Interahamwe. Mwange yagumye mu modoka, ariko Gatete we yayivuyemo noneho, ahagaze mu kibuga cy’ibiro bya segiteri, 95 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 98-105, 256-308, 318-322; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo y’Ubwunganizi, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp.51-52. 96 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 19 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 1-2, 4-5, 8, 20-22, 37. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR yasobanuye ko ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba byari ahantu h’intera igera kuri kilometero imwe uvuye iwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

4. Agashyamba k’inturusu kari imbere y’urugo rw’uwitwa Nkurunziza. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 21. 367/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 50 abwira ijambo Interahamwe. Yarazibwiye ngo « nimutangire mukore. Ati iyo mvuze gukora, mba nshatse kuvuga kwica Abatutsi ». Yazibwiye kandi ko « zitagomba kubikora nk’uko zigeze kubikora mbere » igihe bazibwiraga « kwicisha ibyitso imipanga ariko zo zigatema ibihuru».Yongeyeho ko « zigomba gukorana umwete» kandi ko azazihemba. Hashize nk’iminota icumi, Gatete yagiye yerekeza muri Segiteri ya Rwimitereri.97 107. Gatete amaze kugenda, abantu bari bateraniye hanze y’ibiro bya segiteri bakomeje kuvugana ariko uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyashoboraga kumva ibyo bavuga. Yagize ubwoba asubira iwe kubwira ab’imuhira ibyo yari amaze kumva. We, umuryango we n’abaturanyi b’Abatutsi bibwiraga ko ubwicanyi bwatangiye noneho bategereza ko bwira kugira ngo bahunge. Ari mu rugo rwe muri Serire ya Nyagasambu, Segiteri ya Rwankuba, yashoboraga kubona amazu ashya ku gasozi kari hakurya y’iwe, noneho yibwira ko ubwicanyi bushobora gukwira hose. Yabonye kandi Interahamwe zari zateraniye ku biro bya segiteri zijyana na Konseye Bizimungu, berekeza ku gasantere k’ubucuruzi ka Mumpara, kari nko muri kilometero imwe uvuye ku rugo rwe [uyu mutangabuhamya]. Hagati aho, we n’abandi Batutsi bo muri Serire ya Nyagasambu biteguraga kwirwanaho bakoresheje intwaro gakondo baramutse bagabweho igitero.98 97 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11

Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5-6 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 7-8, 11, 20-22, 24- 25. Nk’uko umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR yabivuze, imodoka Gatete yari atwaye yari ivatiri « ifite ibara ry’icyatsi kitijimye cyangwa ubururu butijimye bwenda gusa n’ikijuju ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 20. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyashoboye kubona niba Interahamwe zari zitwaje intwaro, ariko yamenye ko zari Interahamwe kubera ko inyinshi muri zo zari zambaye iniforume n’ingofero bya MRND. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 6. 98 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 6-8, 25-26. Itsinda ry’abantu bakumiraga ibitero bageraga kuri 50 bari Abatutsi bose. Nta Muhutu n’umwe wari ubarimo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 25-26. Urugereko rusanga inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha igaragaza ko uyu 366/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 51 108. Ibitero bitatu bitandukanye byabagabweho uwo munsi. Icya mbere cyatangiye mu masaa yine za mu gitondo, kandi cyaje giturutse i Gituza muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Cyasubijwe inyuma hashize nk’iminota 10 ariko amazu yo yaratwitswe. Igitero cya kabiri cyagabwe giturutse Mumpara kandi cyarimo abasirikare, Interahamwe, abasiviri b’Abahutu n’abaturage bo muri ako gace Gatete yari yasabye Interahamwe gushaka ngo bitabire ibitero. Abasirikare bakoreshaga amagerenade, ariko amaze gushira, Interahamwe n’abandi bantu bari kumwe na zo muri icyo gitero bakomeje gukoresha intwaro gakondo. Icyo gitero cyamaze nk’isaha hanyuma abari bakigabye barinyakura baragenda. Igitero cya gatatu cyatangiye ku manywa mu masaa cyenda cyangwa mu masaa cyenda n’igice, hafi y’urugo rwa Resiponsabule wa Nyagasambu, Damascène Macari, wari Umututsi. Yarasiwe muri icyo gitero arapfa. Abakigabye barimo abapolisi bitwaje imbunda. Icyo gihe kandi abari mu gitero basahuye amazu y’Abatutsi, barayatwika, baranayasenya. Nyuma yaho, uyu mutangabuhamya yabaze imirambo y’abantu yari hagati ya 25 na 30 yari aho igitero cyabereye. Abantu bo mu muryango we barenze 10 bari mu bakiguyemo. Urugo rwe rwaratwitswe, rurakongoka.99 mutangabuhamya yavuze ibikurikira: « Igihe twari tukiri iwacu muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, amazu yari ku gasozi ko hakurya y’iwacu yaratwikwaga ». Ariko ibi bisa n’aho ari ikosa, kubera ko nyuma yaje kuvuga ngo « Ndavuga hano jyewe n’umuryango wanjye n’abaturanyi bacu, mu yandi magambo, Abatutsi babaga muri Serire ya Nyagasambu ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

8. Ikindi kandi, ifishi y’umwirondoro y’uyu mutangabuhamya igaragaza ko mu wa 1994 yari atuye muri Serire ya Nyagasambu. Reba ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 19 (ifishi y’umwirondoro). Interahamwe na Konseye Bizimungu banyuze mu muhanda wari nko muri metero 500 uvuye ku rugo rw’uyu mutangabuhamya. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 8. 99 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8-10, 25-28, 34. Abandi bishwe ni Béatrice Musabyemariya, Dorothée Kankuyu, Laurence Mukankaka, Josseline Muteteri na Stephanie Uwera. 365/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 52 109. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Burugumesitiri Mwange abonana n’Interahamwe ku muhanda. Bafashe inka imwe noneho bagenda berekeza ku ishuri rya CERAI. Nyuma yaho, yabonye abantu bagarukana inyama. Uwo munsi, abari mu gitero bakomeje gushakisha mu mashyamba abari barokotse, ariko ntibabonye uyu mutangabuhamya. Yabonye ko iyo nka yari « igihembo » Gatete yari yasezeranyije abagabaga ibitero. Nyuma yaho uwo munsi, uyu mutangabuhamya yajyanye umuryango we muri Komine ya Giti, yari ifite umutekano.100 Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe AIZ 110. Mu wa 1994, Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, w’Umututsi, yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, mu masaa moya za mu gitondo, yari mu rugo iwe noneho yumva Radiyo Rwanda itangaza iby’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Hashize nk’iminota 10, yavuye iwe yerekeza ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba kureba uko ibintu byifashe. Ageze hafi y’ibiro bya segiteri mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, yabonye Interahamwe zirenze 20 zitwaje ibibando ziteraniye ku mbuga ya segiteri ziri kumwe na Konseye Jean-Baptiste Bizimungu. Ubwo yahise yihisha mu gihuru cyari nko muri metero 20 uvuye ku biro bya segiteri.101 100 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10-11, 36-37, 48. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR yavuze ko atageze hafi

y’aho Mwange yari ari. Mwange yaje mu ikamyoneti ya Hilux y’ibara ry’umweru hanyuma yerekeza mu muhanda wo kuri CERAI. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 36. 101 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 20 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 40-44, 46-48, 52-55, 57, 59-61. Umuhanda umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ yahagazemo wanyuraga i Kiramuruzi, Nyabisindu na Giti, noneho ugakomeza ujya ku Rwesero. Yavuze ko ibiro bya segiteri byari bigizwe n’inyubako imwe iriho veranda n’ikibuga. Yari iteganye n’umuhanda kandi itazitiye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009 imp. 46, 55. Kuva iwe ujya ku biro bya segiteri ku maguru, hari nk’urugendo rw’imonota 15. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

54. Uyu mutangabuhamya 364/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 53 111. Ari aho yihishe, yabonye ivatiri iza ituruka mu cyerekezo cya Segiteri ya Nyabisindu. Iyo modoka yari itwawe na Gatete kandi yari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange. Gatete yavuye muri iyo modoka hanyuma asaba Interahamwe kumwegera. Yarazibwiye ngo « abantu bo muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu batangiye kwica », no « gutwika amazu ». Yongeyeho ko na bo bagombaga gutangira kwica, ntibagire Umututsi n’umwe basiga. Abari bateraniye aho bakomye amashyi, noneho Gatete yongeraho ko batagombaga gusahura cyangwa kurya inka mbere yo kwica Abatutsi bose. Uyu mutangabuhamya yakomeje kwihisha, ariko yashoboraga kumva cyangwa kubona Gatete igihe yagendagendaga aho atanga amabwiriza.102 112. Hashize nk’iminota itatu cyangwa ine Gatete amaze kuza, ikamyoneti yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota y’umuhondo yaje irimo Interahamwe nk’icumi cyangwa cumi n’ebyiri n’umupolisi wa komine umwe. Izo Nterahamwe zasanze izari zahageze mbere. Izindi na zo zakomeje kuza, ku buryo zose hamwe zari nka 40. Mbere yo kugenda, Gatete yazibwiye ko« zigomba gukangurira abandi bantu ubwicanyi ». Gatete yavuye aho afata umuhanda ugana muri Segiteri ya Rwimitereri.103 yari azi ko abo bantu ari Interahamwe kubera ko abenshi muri bo bari abo mu gace yari atuyemo, kandi bari bambaye iniforume. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 11, Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 46. 102 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43, 47 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 48, 52, 56-57, 59-61. Ibara ry’iyo modoka ryari riri hagati y’ikijuju n’umweru. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 47. 103 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49, 57-59, 61. Mwange yagumye mu modoka. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

61. Igihe umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ yahavaga, ibikorwa bw’ubugizi bwa nabi byari bitaratangira. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 61. 363/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 54 113. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasubiye iwe noneho ajyana umuryango we kwihisha ahantu kugeza nijoro. Uwo munsi, Interahamwe zatangiye kwica ku buryo zahitanye Abatutsi barenga 60. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaje kumenya ko Resiponsabule wa Serire ya Nyagasambu, Umututsi witwaga Macari, na we yishwe n’Interahamwe, kandi ko n’inzu ye yasenywe. Mu masaa yine z’ijoro, uyu mutangabuhamya n’umuryango we bavuye mu bwihisho hanyuma bajya muri Komine ya Giti, hari umutekano. Bahageze mu ijoro rikurikira, ku itariki ya 8 Mata, mu masaa mbiri cyangwa saa tatu za nijoro.104 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA41 114. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA41 ni Umuhutukazi, mu wa 1994 akaba yaracururizaga kuri santere ya Akabuga hafi y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo, yagiye ku kiyaga cya Muhazi kugura ibintu byo gucuruza. Uyu mudamu yagarutse ku iduka rye mu masaa moya za mu gitondo, noneho amara nk’amasaha abiri akora. Umugabo we yaje mu masaa tatu za mu gitondo. Kubera umutekano muke wakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida, yafunze iduka hagati ya saa sita na saa saba z’amanywa. Yabonye kandi imbere y’iduka rye inzu imwe itwikwa. Yasubiye mu rugo, noneho umugabo we aza kuhamusanga amaze kureba uko ibintu byari bimeze no gushaka utuntu two kujyana mu rugo.105 104 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11

Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 48-50, 52-53, 61-64, 66. Mu bantu bishwe uwo munsi, umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ yavuze abantu bo mu muryango wa Mahashyi, uwa Sagahungu, uwa Gahene, uwa Mvunabandi, uwa Mutanga n’abo mu muryango we. Bose bari Abatutsi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 50. 105 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 37 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 3, 5-7, 30-35, 37-38, 40, 42, 47-48. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA41 yasobanuye ko inyubako y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba uko iteye ubu si ko yari imeze mu wa 1994. N’ubwo inyubako ya kera ya segiteri ikiri aho, bubatse ibiro bishya bya segiteri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 8. 362/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 55 115. Nta kintu cyabereye ku biro bya segiteri mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata. Uwo munsi nta nama yahabereye. Muri uko kwezi kwa Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyigeze ahabona Gatete cyanga se muri rusange ngo amubone muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Mu minsi itatu yakurikiyeho, yagumye iwe; icyo gihe ubwicanyi bwakomeje gukorwa n’amazu aratwikwa. Nyuma yaje kumva ko ari Abahutu bicaga Abatutsi. Nyuma y’iminsi itatu, we n’umuryango we bahunganye n’abandi Bahutu bajya i Rwamagana mu nkambi y’abari barakuwe mu byabo n’intambara.106 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA43 116. Mu wa 1994, Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA43, w’Umuhutukazi, yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, saa kumi n’imwe n’igice za mu gitondo, yumvise kuri Radiyo bavuga iby’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Kuva ubwo yakutse umutima noneho akurikiranira hafi ibyaberaga ku biro bya segiteri. Uwo munsi yagumye mu rugo kandi nta nama yabonye ibera ku biro bya segiteri, kandi muri icyo gitondo ntiyahabonye Gatete, Burugumesitiri Mwange cyangwa undi muturage uwo ari we wese. Iyo aho hantu haza kubera inama, aba yarabibonye cyangwa yarabyumvise. Muri Mata 1994, ntiyigeze abona Gatete muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba.107 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA40 117. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40 ni Umuhutu w’umuhinzi akaba mu wa 1994 yari

atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, mu masaa kumi 106 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11, 13, 29, 31-32, 34-37, 42-43, 47. 107 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 39 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 50, 52, 54-55, 57, 61-63, 70, 77, 83-84. Inyubako z’ibiro bya segiteri ziracyahari ariko si ho segiteri ikorera ubu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 55. 361/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 56 n’imwe za mu gitondo, yagiye gukora mu murima wari munsi y’urugo rwe no gukama inka ye. Umugabo bava inda imwe yaje kumureba mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri n’iminota 45 za mu gitondo noneho amubwira iby’urupfu rwa Perezida. Yasubiye iwe ariko nyuma we na wa muvandimwe we bajya kuri santere y’ubucuruzi, bahasanga abantu barindwi cyangwa umunani baganira ku makuru yari agezweho. Ari aho kuri santere, yashoboraga kureba ku biro bya segiteri byari nko muri metero 15 cyangwa 20.108 118. Hagati ya saa mbiri na saa tatu za mu gitondo, we n’umuvandimwe we bafashe inzira bajya gusura se ubabyara, wari utuye nko muri metero 900 cyangwa kilometero imwe uvuye ku rugo rwe [umutangabuhamya]. Nyuma y’iminota igera ku 10, yasubiye iwe kubera ko buri wese yari afite ubwoba.109 119. Nyuma y’igihe gito, yasubiye kuri santere y’ubucuruzi, ahamara iminota 25 cyangwa 30. Abantu benshi, biganjemo abasore b’Abahutu ariko harimo n’ab’Abatutsi bake, bagiye aho hantu kuganira ku makuru yavugwaga. Baganiriraga ku kabari ka Salatiel Kananura hakurya y’umuhanda uvuye ku biro bya segiteri, bavuga ku rupfu rwa Perezida. Nta kintu uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye kibera ku biro bya segiteri kuva mu gitondo kugeza mu masaa munani z’amanywa. Ntiyabonye Gatete, Jean de Dieu Mwange, cyangwa undi 108 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 40 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 4-6, 7-9, 15, 40-43, 48-51. Inzu y’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40 yari nko mu ntambwe 30 uvuye ku murima we, kandi hagati hari urutoki. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup.

7. Yasobanuye kandi ko amazu uko yari ameze mu wa 1994 na n’ubu ari ko akiri, ariko ko inzu yahoze ari ibiro bya segiteri ubu ituwemo n’umuntu, ikanakorerwamo n’indi mirimo y’ubukorikori. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 6-7. 109 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8-9. 360/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 57 muntu uwo ari we wese aho hantu. Muri uko kwezi kwa Mata, ntiyigeze abona Gatete muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba.110 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Claver Mutimura 120. Claver Mutimura ni Umuhutu w’umuhinzi, mu wa 1994 akaba yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, mu masaa kumi n’ebyeri za mu gitondo, yari mu rugo iwe noneho yumva Radiyo Rwanda itangaza urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Mu masaa yine za mu gitondo, abagore babiri bari abaturanyi be baje kumubwira ko abantu bakoraniye kwa Macali, Resiponsabule wa Serire ya Nyagasambu, akaba yari Umututsi.111 121. Uyu mutangabuhamya yiyemeje kujya kwa Macali kureba icyabaye. Ageze mu isambu ya Macali, yabonye abagabo b’Abahutu bagera kuri 40 n’itsinda ry’Abatutsi bagera kuri 80, barimo abagabo, abagore n’abana bateraniye aho hantu. Umwuka ntiwari umeze neza. Abatutsi bari batutse Abahutu noneho bituma utwo dutsiko twombi dushyamirana, ku buryo abasirikare bagombye kuza.112 110 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9, 11-13, 14, 23-24, 30, 43-45, 49-50, 55. Beretse umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40 ilisiti y’amazina 7. Yemeje ko umwe muri bo yari mu bantu baganiriraga kuri santere y’ubucuruzi, ariko ko abandi batandatu batari bahari. Reba ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 27 (ilisiti y’amazina 7); inyandikomvugo

y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 48-49. 111 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi cyahwe No 44 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 61-63, 65-66, 68-69; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5-8, 12. Abatutsi bagiye kwa Macali kubera ko yari resiponsabule w’Umututsi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 12. 112 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 65-69, 72; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8, 11-13. 359/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 58 122. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye mu itsinda ry’Abahutu ryarimo Interahamwe eshatu. Umututsi umwe yateye gerenade muri iryo tsinda ry’Abahutu ariko ntiyaturika. Yahise ifatwa n’umujepe w’Umuhutu witwa Ntarindwa, na we ayitera mu Batutsi. Yaraturitse ariko ntiyagira uwo ikomeretsa. Abahutu barirutse bajya nko muri metero 500 cyangwa 700. Igihe abantu bari kumwe n’uyu mutangabuhamya birukaga, bahuye n’umupolisi wa komine witwa Shumbusho. Uyu mupolisi yarababwiye ngo nibasubire kwa Macali, basubirayo bahasanga abasirikare. Shumbusho yinjiye mu nzu kwa Macali, ahasahura igare. Ntarindwa yamwambuye imbunda ye aramubwira ngo aho « gutabara abo basangiye ubwoko» yaje kwiba igare. Icyo gihe Abatutsi na Macali bari bihishe mu murima w’amasaka hafi y’urugo. Ntarindwa yakurikiye Macali n’abo bari kumwe, hanyuma aramurasa aramwica. Macali ni we wenyine wishwe. Nta mutegetsi wabonetse aho hantu muri cyo gitondo.113 123. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata nimugoroba, uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise Radiyo Muhabura ivuga ko Gatete ariho yica Abatutsi muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. We ariko ntiyabonye Gatete muri uko kwezi. Abasirikare ba FPR bageze muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba hashize nk’icyumweru noneho batangira kwica abantu, bituma uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bajya kwihisha mu masaka. Nyuma y’icyumweru, uyu mutangabuhamya yahungiye muri Komine ya Giti.114 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA16 113 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 67-68, 70, 71 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 72; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8-9, 11-15. Macali n’abandi Batutsi bari bafite intwaro gakondo gusa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup.

69. Muri abo Batutsi harimo Sakindi, Nkubito na Kabuto. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup. 68. 114 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 72-74. 358/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 59 124. Mu wa 1994, umutangabuhamya wiswe LA16, akaba yari Umuhutu w’umuhinzi, yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Muri Mata, yari mu Nterahamwe z’i Kiramuruzi zari ziyobowe na Jean Gahutu. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, yari mu Nterahamwe zagabye igitero ku Batutsi bo muri Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, yari mu gitero cyagabwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, aho yishe abantu babiri, hepfo y’ibiro by’iyo segiteri.115 2.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 125. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza nta guhuzagurika ko kuva ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ibikorwa by’urugomo byatangiye muri Serire ya Nyagasambu, Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no mu duce dukikije iyo serire, kandi ko Abatutsi bibasirwaga, bakicwa. Ibimenyetso byerekana kandi ko Interahamwe zari mu bantu bagabaga ibitero.116 Ikindi kandi, nta wuhakana ko 115 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 52 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 30-34, 40, 84-85; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 19-20, 24. Reba kandi II.3. 116 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8 (amazu yaratwitswe), 8-9 (hagabwe ibitero bitatu bigwamo abantu benshi), 9 (abenshi mu Bahutu bishyize hamwe n’Interahamwe barwanya Abatutsi), 9 (Nyuma y’ibitero, uyu mutangabuhamya yabaze

imirambo 25 cyangwa 30 kandi benshi bari abo mu muryango we), 26-28; Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49-50 (Interahamwe zari zatangiye kwica Abatutsi), 61 (ubwicanyi bwatangiye uyu mutangabuhamya yamaze kuva aho yari yihishe); Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA41, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5-6, 30 (umutekano wakomeje kuba muke noneho uyu mutangabuhamya afunga iduka rye hagati ya saa sita na saa saba z’amanywa), 30-31 (ubwicanyi bwariho buba), 33, 35 (uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise ko Abahutu bariho bica Abatutsi); Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA43, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 64 (Interahamwe zakoze amarorerwa); Mutimura, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 8 (Interahamwe zari mu gatsiko k’Abahutu bari bateraniye hanze y’urugo rwa Resiponsabule Macali); Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA16, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 40, 84-85; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 19-21, 24 (Uyu mutangabuhamya yari Interahamwe yagiye mu bitero 357/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 60 Umututsi witwaga Damscène Macali, wari Resiponsabule wa Serire ya Nyagasambu, ari mu bantu bishwe.117 Urugereko rugiye rero gusuzuma ibimenyetso hashingiwe ku birego bivuga ko ubwicanyi bwabaye kubera ibikorwa bya Gatete.

126. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe BBR na AIZ kugira ngo agaragaze ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo, Gatete yaje ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange noneho akabwira ijambo imbaga y’Interahamwe zari zakoraniye aho, ziri kumwe na Konseye Bizimungu.118 Avuga ko Gatete yazibwiye ko zigomba kwica Abatutsi kandi ko zigomba kubahiriza ayo mabwiriza. Avuga kandi ko Gatete yafashije gutwara Interahamwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba kugira ngo zice Abatutsi. Porokireri nta kimenyetso yatanze cyerekana ko byagabwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 8 Mata). Urugereko rusanga n’ubwo umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ asa kandi n’uwavuze ku bwicanyi bwabereye muri serire yari atuyemo, ni ukuvuga Serire ya Akarambo, muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, nk’uko biza kuvugwa nyuma, urugo rwe rwari ahantu h’urugendo ku maguru rw’isaha uvuye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. 117 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 9, 28; Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 64; Mutimura, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 65, 68-69, 72. 118 Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ubuhamya bw’umutagabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBJ wavuze ko Gatete « yagiranaga inama kenshi n’[Interahamwe cyangwa Impuzamugambi] ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba, i Gakenke n’ahandi nka Gakoni, noneho bakazigisha gukoresha intwaro…. Uregwa yari yarabasezeranyije ibihembo. Yari yarababwiye ngo « Mu gihe kidatinze muzaryamana n’abakobwa babo n’abagore babo kandi muzarya inka zabo ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

25. Urugereko rusanga ubu buhamya bugufi budahagije kugira ngo bushyigikire umwanzuro udashidikanywaho kandi n’ahandi, ntirwemeye ubuhamya bwa BBJ mu gihe hatari ubundi bubushyigikira bihagije. Reba II.4; II.5. 356/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 61 Gatete yatanze intwaro cyangwa ko hari amabwiriza yatanze akoresheje indangurura- majwi.119 127. Bushingiye ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe LA40, LA41 na LA43, Ubwunganizi bwemeza ko uwo munsi nta nama yabereye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba kandi ko Gatete atagaragaye aho hantu. Bushingiye kandi ku buhamya bwa Claver Mutimura, Ubwunganizi buhinyuza ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe 119 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 14-17, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri ibika 565-566, 577-593. Mu gusuzuma ibimenyetso no gufata imyanzuro, Urugereko rurazirikana ko rimwe na rimwe ingingo za Porokireri zitavuga neza igika cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego (ibika 14, 15, 16 cyangwa 17) kirebana n’ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe BBR na AIZ. Reba Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 33, 37-38, 73 n’incamake z’ubuhamya bw’aba batangabuhamya zometseho; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 565- 629. Ariko, ibirego bikubiye muri ibyo bika birasobekeranye kandi bisobanuye neza ku birebana n’amabwiriza Gatete yatangiye mu nama zari zigamije kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba (ibika 14, 16, 17), no kuba Burugumesitiri Mwange yari ahari kandi akabigiramo uruhare (igika 14) na Konseye Bizimungu (ibika 14, 16, 17), kimwe n’uruhare rwa Gatete mu gufasha gutwara Interahamwe (igika 15). Koko kandi, Inyandiko

y’ibirego yamenyesheje Uregwa mu buryo bwumvikana, budahuzagurika kandi mu gihe gikwiriye ibikorwa by’ingenzi bijyanye n’inama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, yarimo Burugumesitiri Mwange na Konseye Bizimungu. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri n’incamake z’ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya byatanze andi makuru arambuye ajyanye n’aho inama yabereye. Reba Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 33 (inama bavuga ko yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata Burugumesitiri Mwange na Konseye Bizimungu na bo barimo) n’incamake z’ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe AIZ na BBW zometseho. Ikindi kandi, Ubwunganizi buvugira hamwe ibirebana n’ibika 14, 16 na 17 kandi nta ngoboka bubyutsa irebana n’imenyeshwa ku birebana n’inama yabereye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 256-322. 355/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 62 BBR ku birebana n’iyicwa rya Resiponsabule Macali n’ibitero byagabwe ku Batutsi. Ikindi kandi, Ubwunganizi buhakana ko Gatete yafashije mu gutwara Interahamwe.120 128. Mbere na mbere ku birebana n’ibimenyetso bishinja, Urugereko rusanga muri rusange iby’ingenzi bikubiye mu buhamya bw’abo batangabuhamya bombi bihura. Bombi bavuze ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo, nyuma yo kumva iby’urupfu rwa Perezida, bagiye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba kureba uko ibintu byifashe. Bombi bavuga ukuntu Gatete yaje ku biro bya segiteri ari mu ivatiri, ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange. Baje bakurikiwe n’ikamyoneti (pick-up) itwaye Interahamwe. Abo batangabuhamya bombi babonye Gatete aha Interahamwe amabwiriza yo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi, bamubona kandi agenda akimara gutanga ayo mabwiriza.121 Urugereko rusanga hari itandukanyirizo mu duce utu n’utu tw’ubuhamya bwabo, nk’amagambo nyirizina Gatete yavuze, kumenya niba yarayavuze mbere y’uko imodoka ya kabiri iza cyangwa nyuma yaho, no kumenya niba Konseye Bizimungu yari ahari.122 Ariko, iryo tandukanyirizo rishobora gusobanurwa n’ahantu umutangabuhamya yari ari ubwo yabonaga ibyabaga, igihe kirekire gishize bibaye, n’ibihe bikomeye abatangabuhamya barimo. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko ntiruha agaciro kanini iryo tandukanyirizo. 120 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi,

ibika 98-105, 256-308, 318-322; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 47. 121 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 4-7, 20-25; Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43-44, 46-49, 53-55, 57- 61. 122 Reba kandi Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 265. 354/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 63 129. Ubwunganizi bwashatse gutesha agaciro ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe AIZ na BBR, bushingiye ku byo abo batangabuhamya bari bahuriyeho bya hafi.123 Ubwunganizi bwongeraho ko bacumbikiwe mu nzu imwe igihe bari baraje gutanga ubuhamya, n’ubwo Urugereko rwari rwabibujije.124 Nyamara ariko, Urugereko ntirusanga byanze bikunze ibi byatuma umuntu yanzura ko baba barumvikanye ku buhamya bwabo. BBR na AIZ batanze ubuhamya bwabo ku itariki ya 11 Ugushyingo 2009 kandi baburangiza uwo munsi.125 Bityo rero, igihe cyo kuganira ku buhamya bwabo, n’iyo cyaba cyarabonetse, cyaba ari gito cyane. Ikindi kandi, nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe badahurizaho mu buhamya bwabo. Muri make, n’ubwo Urugereko rwazirikanye ibyo Ubwunganizi bwavuze, rusanga bidahagije kugira ngo rwanzure ko abo batangabuhamya bombi baba baragambanye kugira ngo bashinje Uregwa ibinyoma.126 123 Ubwunganizi buvuga ku bintu bya hafi bihuza abatangabuhamya bashinja biswe BBR, AIZ na BBT. Hari ahandi Urugereko rusesengura ubuhamya bwa BBT (II.3). By’umwihariko, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko abo batangabuhamya batatu babyirukiye hamwe, ko bize mu ishuri rimwe, ko bari baziranye cyane, kandi ko baturanye imyaka irenze makumyabiri. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 261; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 46. 124 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 262; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 71, 73. Reba kandi Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup.

46. N’ubwo umutangabuhamya BBT yatanze ubuhamya ku itariki ya 10 Ugushyingo 2009 kandi akaza nyuma gucumbikirwa hamwe n’abatangabuhamya AIZ na BBR, BBT asa n’uwavuze ku nama itandukanye cyane n’iyo AIZ na BBR basobanuye. Hari ahandi Urugereko rusesengura ubuhamya bwa BBT kandi ntirwabwemeye mu gihe nta bundi bubushyigikira ku buryo bukwiye (II.3). 125 Ubwunganizi buribeshya iyo buvuga ko umutangabuhamya BBR na we yatanze ubuhamya ku itariki ya 10 Ugushyingo 2009. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 262. Ahubwo yatangiye kubutanga ku itariki ya 11 Ugushyingo 2009 kandi aburangiza uwo munsi, mbere y’uko AIZ na we atanga ubwe kandi na we akaburangiza uwo munsi. 126 Reba, nk’urugereo, Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Karera mu bujurire, ibika 231-235. 353/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 64 130. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko izina rya Gatete ritagaragaye mu manza za Gacaca zo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba zatangiye mu wa 2003, kandi ko abatangabuhamya biswe BBR na AIZ batavuze izina rya Gatete muri Gacaca ku bintu byabereye i Rwankuba muri Mata 1994.127 Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga kuba izina rya Gatete ritaravuzwe muri izo manza nta gaciro byahabwa. Kandi koko, kwemeza gusa muri rusange ko umuntu uregwa nta ruhare yagize mu bintu byabaye kubera ko izina rye ritavuzwe mu zindi manza kwaba ari ugushakisha gusa.128 Ikindi kandi, Urugereko ruributsa ko BBR na AIZ 127 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 270-271, 280, 289, 292-295; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34, 69. Urugereko rusanga kandi umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA41 yaravuze ko, nibura muri imwe muri Gacaca zo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba azi, nta muntu n’umwe washinje Gatete kuba yarakoze ibyaha muri iyo segiteri, n’ubwo habaye Gacaca kuri Mwange wahoze ari burugumesitiri no kuri Bizimungu wari konseye, no k’uwitwa Charles Kayibanda, wari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 21-23, 43-44. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA43 yavuze kandi ko mu manza za Gacaca, mu gihe cy’ikusanyamakuru, abashinjwaga batigeze bavuga ko hari umuntu wabahamagariye gukora ibyaha. Inyandikomvugo

y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 62-63, 83. Ariko, kubera ko nta makuru yandi rufite kuri izo manza, mu gufata umwanzuro ku ruhare rwa Gatete mu byaha aregwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Urugereko ruramutse runahaye agaciro ubwo buhamya kaba ari gake. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga iyo ngingo idahagije kugira ngo rube rwashidikanya ku bimenyetso bishinja biza gusesengurwa nyuma. 128 Reba Urubanza rwa Rutaganda, Icyemezo ku byifuzo bisaba kongera gusuzuma, gusubiramo, guhabwa umwunganizi, guhererekanya ibimenyetso, no gusobanura neza (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 8 Ukuboza 2006, igika 13, havugwamo Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu bujurire, igika 176; Urubanza rwa Niyitegeka, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo gisaba isubirwamo ry’urubanza (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 30 Kamena 2006, igika 70, havugwamo Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu bujurire, igika 180. Ibyo ari byo byose, n’ubwo imanza zitandukanye ku cyaha kimwe nk’icyo uregwa ashinjwa, zishobora mu bihe byihariye gutanga amakuru akenewe ku bintu byabaye n’ibihe byabereyemo, ntibivuze ko ibimenyetso bitangwamo ari kamara. Koko kandi, iyo inkiko zishingira ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, birumvikana ko zishobora kugera ku myanzuro itandukanye. « Abacamanza babiri, bombi bashyira mu gaciro, bashobora kugera ku myanzuro itandukanye bashingiye ku bimenyetso bimwe ». Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu bujurire, igika 143. 352/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 65 batanze ubuhamya mu manza za Gacaca ku bantu runaka.129 Bityo rero, birumvikana ko wenda nta makuru arebana na Gatete batanze ku bushake bwabo cyangwa se ko nta makuru bamubajijweho.

131. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma agaciro ka buri kimenyetso gishinja. Ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko yashoboraga kumenya Uregwa muri Mata 1994. Kuva akiri muto, uyu mutangabuhamya yari azi Gatete. Bari barabanye muri serire imwe, kandi yaranamubonaga ubwo yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi.130 132. Urugereko rurasuzuma ingingo zatanzwe n’Ubwunganizi bushaka kugaragaza ko BBR atari uwo kwizerwa.131 By’umwihariko, uko Urugereko rubibona, kuba afite umwanya runaka mu buyobozi ntibivuze byanze bikunze ko agomba kubogama.132 Urugereko 129 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 33-34; Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

69. Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA41 wavuze ko BBR na AIZ batanze ubuhamya mu nkiko Gacaca ariko ko batashinje Gatete. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 22-23. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rurazirikana ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi mu gika 280 cy’Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yabwo. Urugereko ntirusobanura mu magambo arambuye ibyo kugira ngo rurinde ibanga ku mwirondoro w’abatangabuhamya BBR na AIZ. Urugereko ntirusanga byanze bikunze ibyo Ubwunganizi buvuga bituma umuntu yashidikanya ku kwizerwa kw’abo batangabuhamya. 130 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR mu Rukiko yashoboye kandi kumenya Uregwa, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-4, 20. 131 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 279-288. 132 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 261; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 13, 30. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rusanga kuba umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR yarareze abantu bamwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ntibivuga ko ashobora kubogama cyangwa ko atagomba kwizerwa. Yemeye ko yareze abantu bamwe 351/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 66 ntirusanga kandi kuba muri Gicurasi 1998 yarahereye ubuhamya abakozi b’Urukiko bashinzwe iperereza ku biro bya Komine ya Murambi ari ikintu gikomeye. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko abapererezi babwiye ubuyobozi bwa segiteri ko bagombaga kubariza abantu ku biro bya komine.133 Nta kintu umuntu yashingiraho yemeza ko hari umuntu wateye uriya mutangabuhamya gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma kandi kuba yaratangiye ubuhamya kuri segiteri ntibivuze byanze bikunze ko ubuhamya yatanze hejuru y’indahiro muri uru rubanza butagomba kwizerwa.

133. Ku birebana n’agaciro k’ubuhamya bwa BBR, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko uwo mutangabuhamya adashobora kuba yarabonye inama avuga, cyangwa kumva ibyavuzwe, kubera ko hagati y’ishyamba yari yihishemo n’ibiro bya segiteri hari umurongo w’amazu.134 Nyamara ariko, BBR yavuze ku buryo budahuzagurika ko yabonye Gatete mu mbuga y’ibiro bya segiteri. Ubuhamya bwe avugamo ibyo Gatete yakoze amaze kumenya ibikorwa byabo mu bwicanyi kandi ko baje gufungwa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 38. 133 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 11, 28. 134 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 281. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR yavuze by’umwihariko ku mazu atatu n’umuhanda wari hagati y’agashyamba n’ibiro bya segiteri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 21 (« Kandi ako gashyamba k’inturusu navuze kari ak’umuntu witwaga Nkurunziza. Ni agashyamba kari imbere – cyangwa gateganye n’inzu ye…. mu isambu itari nini, kandi nari muri ako gashyamba inyuma y’amazu…. Ubundi, hari umuhanda, noneho hagati y’uwo muhanda n’urugo rwa Nkurunziza hakaba agashyamba »), 22-23 (« Ikibazo: Noneho, mutangabuhamya, hagati y’inzu ya Nkurunziza n’ibiro bya segiteri hari amazu, mbese amaduka, si byo? Igisubizo: Ni byo, hari amazu atatu haruguru y’umuhanda. Icyo gihe hari amazu atatu…. Ikibazo: Kugira ngo byumvikane neza, ayo mazu ari hagati y’inzu y’uwitwa Paul n’ibiro bya segiteri? Igisubizo: Ni ko bimeze »). 350/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 67 n’amagambo yavuze burasobanutse kandi ni simusiga.135 Nk’uko byavuzwe mbere, ubwo buhamya bushimangirwa kuri byinshi n’ubwa AIZ. Bityo rero, ibisubizo bya BBR ku bibazo bijyanye n’uko aho hantu hari hateye ntibituma umuntu yashidikanya ku byo avuga ko yabonye kandi akumva Gatete. Ibyo ari byo byose, mu buhamya bwe yatandukanyije ibiro bya segiteri n’imbuga yabyo. Ntiyavuze ko hari amazu hagati y’ishyamba n’imbuga nini y’ibiro bya segiteri yabonyeho Gatete n’Interahamwe.136 135 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 7 (« Yego, numvise neza ijwi rye. Ikindi kandi, nashoboraga kumubona. Yari yavuye mu modoka ye ahagaze imbere y’Interahamwe, azivugisha. »), 24 (« Ikibazo: Ese yari ahagaze imbere y’abo bantu cyangwa yari hagati yabo? Igisubizo: Yari imbere yabo. Ikibazo: Yari ateye umugongo aho wari uri cyangwa yari aherekeye? Igisubizo: Agitangira kuvuga, yari ateye umugongo aho nari ndi, ariko ntiyahagararaga ahantu hamwe, hari igihe yahindukiraga akerekera aho nari ndi. »), 22, 24. 136 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22-23 (« Iyo mvuga kuri iyo ntera, mba mvuga kuva ku nkengero z’ako gashyamba kugera ku kibuga cy’ibiro bya segiteri aho Gatete yari ahagaze…. Ngereranyije ni nko muri metero 20 cyangwa 25. Ndavuga kuva ku nkengero z’agashyamba kugera ku kibuga aho Gatete

yari. Simvuga kuva ku nkengero z’agashyamba kugera ku rukuta rw’ibiro bya segiteri. …. Ikibazo: mutangabuhamya, hagati y’inzu ya Nkurunziza n’ibiro bya segiteri hari amazu, mbese amaduka, si byo? Igisubizo: Ni byo. Hari amazu atatu haruguru y’umuhanda. Icyo gihe hari amazu atatu. …. Ikibazo: Kugira ngo byumvikane neza, ayo mazu ari hagati y’inzu y’uwitwa Paul n’ibiro bya segiteri? Igisubizo: Ni ko bimeze. Ikibazo: Mutangabuhamya, mbere yo gusubika, twavuze ku mazu yari hagati y’agashyamba k’inturusu n’ibiro bya segiteri. Si byo? Igisubizo: Ni byo, hari amazu atatu hagati y’aho hantu hombi, hagati y’agashyamba n’ibiro bya segiteri. »), 24 (« Imbere y’ibiro bya segiteri hari umwanya umuntu yavuga ko ari munini. Noneho hakaba nka metero 20 hagati y’umuhanda n’ibiro bya segiteri; ubugari bw’uwo muhanda ni nka metero 16; hirya y’uwo muhanda hari amazu; kandi inyuma y’ayo mazu hari agashyamba. Ubwo rero ayo mazu yari hagati y’ibiro bya segiteri n’agashyamba…. Nababwiye ko ikibuga cy’ibiro bya segiteri cyari kiringaniye. Ni muri icyo kibuga rero imodoka ye yari ihagaze, kandi ni naho Interahamwe zaje kubonanira na we. Bityo rero, yari mu kibuga imbere y’ibiro bya segiteri kandi icyo kibuga kiri hagati y’ibiro bya segiteri n’umuhanda. »). 349/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 68 Ntiyanavuze ko amazu yari amukingingirije ku buryo atashoboraga kubona ibyaberaga ku kibuga.137 134. Ikindi kandi, ubuhamya bwe ntibwigeze buhuzagurika ku birebana n’intera ngufi yari hagati y’aho yari yihishe n’aho yabonye Gatete.138 Kandi koko, nta wuhakana ko ibiro bya segiteri byari hafi y’isambu ya Nkurunziza.139 Bityo rero, rumaze gusuzumana ubushishozi ubuhamya bwa BBR kuri iki kibazo, no muri rusange uko bwakabaye, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko, ari mu bwihisho bwe, yashoboraga kubona ibyaberaga ku mbuga y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba.

135. Ubwunganizi bwagaragaje kandi ko BBR, mu buhamya bwe bwanditse bwo muri Gicurasi 1998, atavuze ko hari imodoka ya kabiri yaje, ni ukuvuga ikamyoneti (pick-up) 137 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 22 (« Umucamanza Muthoga: Ese harateganye neza neza, cyangwa ni mu kindi cyerekezo? Aho wari uhagaze n’ibiro bya segiteri n’inzu ya Nkurunziza, ni ahantu hateganye cyangwa ntihateganye? Igisubizo: Nagereranyije mvuga ahantu hateganye. Kugira ngo ucishirize uvuge intera iri hagati y’ahantu ugomba gukoresha umurongo ugororotse; ariko sinahapimye »). 138 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22-23 (« Ikibazo: Watubwira intera iri hagati y’ako gashyamba n’ibiro bya segiteri? Igisubizo: Ni nk’intambwe 20. Sinahapimye, ariko navuga ngereranyije ko ari nk’intambwe hagati ya 20 na 25. Ikibazo: None se hagati y’inzu ya Nkurunziza n’ibiro bya segiteri hareshya hate? Igisubizo: Ni nk’intabwe 60…. Sinapimye uko hareshya. Iyo mvuga kuri iyo ntera, mba mvuga kuva ku nkengero z’ako gashyamba kugera ku kibuga cy’ibiro bya segiteri aho Gatete yari ahagaze…. Ngereranyije ni nka metero hagati ya 20 na 25. Ndavuga kuva ku nkengero z’agashyamba kugera ku kibuga aho Gatete yari ari …. Nari nihishe mu gashyamba, ahantu hafi cyane y’inkengero z’ako gashyamba…. Kuva ku nzu ya Nkurunziza kugera aho nari ndi, hari nka metero hagati ya 20 na 30; kuva aho nari ndi mu gashyamba kugera ku muryango w’inzu ya Nkurunziza. »). 139 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup.

33. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40 yavuze ko Nkurunziza yari umuturanyi. Ubuhamya bwa LA40 ku hantu inzu ye yari iri, bugaragaza ko inzu ya Nkurunziza na yo igomba kuba yari iri hafi y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup. 5. 348/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 69 ya Hilux yarimo Interahamwe.140 Ariko, yasobanuye ko abapererezi bamubajije gusa ibibazo bijyanye na Gatete, ko nta kibazo kijyanye n’iyo modoka yindi bamubajije.141 Urugereko rusanga icyo gisobanuro cyumvikana. Ashobora kuba ataratanze amakuru kuri iyo modoka ya kabiri ku bushake cyangwa kubera ko batayimubajijeho bitewe n’uko Gatete atari ayirimo.

136. Mu kurangiza kuri iyi ngingo, Ubwunganizi bwashingiye ku buhamya bwa Claver Mutimura mu kunyomoza BBR ku buhamya bwe burebana n’iyicwa ry’Abatutsi n’igitero cyagabwe ku rugo rwa resiponsabule w’Umututsi witwaga Macali. Mutimura yavuze ko agatsiko k’Abatutsi kari aho hantu kasembuye agatsiko k’Abahutu.142 Ariko, Urugereko ntirusanga ubuhamya bwa Mutimura ari simusiga. Ubuhamya bwe busa n’ubugaragaza ahubwo ko yagiye kwa Macali, nk’abandi bagabo b’Abahutu, kugaba igitero kuri Macali no ku bandi Batutsi bari bateraniye iwe.143 Kubera ibyo, ubuhamya bwe ntibuhagije 140 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 282-284. 141 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 20-21. 142 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 285-287. 143 Mutimura yemeye ko Abatutsi, barimo abagore n’abana, bari bateraniye kwa Macali kubera ko yari resiponsabule w’Umututsi. Yemeye kandi ko Abahutu bagiye kwa Macali bari abagabo gusa. Impamvu yonyine yatanze yatumye abagabo b’Abahutu bajya kwa Macali ni uko Abatutsi bari bahateraniye. Nta gisobanuro cyumvikana yatanze cyerekana impamvu yagiye kwa Macali. Yemeye kandi ko Abatutsi bagiye kwihisha mu mirima aho hantu ariko Abahutu barahabirukana. Interahamwe eshatu n’umusirikare wo mu mutwe warindaga Perezida bari muri abo Bahutu. Uyu mutangabuhamya yemeye ko uwo musirikare wo mu mutwe warindaga Perezida yirukanye Abatutsi aho hantu.

Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-14. Ikindi kandi, rugitangira isesengura ryarwo, Urugereko rwasanze, kuva mu ntangiriro, ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko muri icyo gihe Abatutsi bibasirwaga. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko ntirunyuzwe n’ubuhamya bwa Mutimura uvuga ko Abatutsi bari kwa Macali basembuye Abahutu. Ahubwo ubwo ubuhamya bwerekana ko Abahutu bagiye kwa Macali kugaba igitero ku Batutsi bari bahateraniye. 347/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 70 kugira ngo umuntu abe yashidikanya ku buhamya bwa BBR wavuze ko igitero cyagabwe hafi y’urugo rwa resiponsabule w’Umututsi witwaga Macali. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga BBR yaratanze ubuhamya budahuzagurika kandi simusiga.

137. Ku birebana noneho n’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko yashoboraga kumenya Uregwa muri Mata 1994. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari azi Gatete nk’umuntu wigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi kandi yari amaze imyaka myinshi amuzi. Bari bariganye ku ishuri rimwe kandi batuye ahantu hamwe.144 138. Ubwunganizi bwashatse gutesha agaciro ubuhamya bwa AIZ buvuga ko mu gihe cy’ubuhamya bwe, yari mu mwanya runaka w’ubuyobozi.145 Urugereko ntirusanga byanze bikunze ibi bituma abogama cyangwa atagomba kwizerwa. Kandi uko Urugereko rubibona, kuba muri Gicurasi 1998 yarahaye abapererezi b’Urukiko ubuhamya ari mu rugo rw’umuyobozi w’itsinda ry’abantu barokotse jenoside, ntibivuga byanze bikunze ko ubuhamya yatanze hejuru y’indahiro muri uru rubanza butagomba kwizerwa.146 139. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko ibyo AIZ yemeza ko yafashe icyemezo cyo kujya ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba amaze kumva inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida, aho guhungishiriza 144 Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ mu Rukiko yamenye kandi Uregwa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-43, 66. 145 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 261. Ubwunganizi bwavuze na none ko umutangabuhamya AIZ yafashije mu kumenya no gufungisha abantu bakekwagaho kuba baragize uruhare mu bitero byagabwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu wa 1994 ku buryo baje gufatwa, ariko we yarabihakanye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

72. Reba kandi Mutimara, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 73-74. Urugereko ntirusanga iyi ngingo ihagije ku buryo byatuma rushidikanya ku buhamya bwa AIZ. 146 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 64-65. Reba kandi Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 278. 346/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 71 umuryango we muri Komine ya Giti yarimo umutekano kandi iri hafi y’iwe, bisa n’ibidashoboka147. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko yashakaga mbere na mbere kumenya uko umwuka wari umeze kuko yari afite ubwoba kandi afite amatsiko yo kumenya uko ibintu biza kugenda.148 Urugereko rusanga byumvikana ko atahisemo guhita ahunga, ko ahubwo yiyemeje kubanza kumenya uko ibintu byifashe muri segiteri ye, noneho ajya ku biro bya segiteri byari ahantu yashoboraga kugenda n’amaguru, bitamugoye, avuye iwe.149 N’ubwo mu ibaza rinyomoza yavuze ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo yasuye inshuti ye, yasobanuye ko atari kubasha kwegera abategetsi kugira ngo bamuhe amakuru arambuye kubera ko yatinyaga ko bamugirira nabi, kandi ko yari yateganyije gusura inshuti ye yari ituye muri metero 15 uvuye ku biro bya segiteri. Iki gisobanuro ntabwo kinyuranyije byanze bikunze n’ubuhamya bwe bwa mbere. Impamvu 147 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 272-276. 148 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43-44, 48. 149 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Uurugereko 1 (Raporo y’ibanga y’uruzinduko Urugereko rwakoreye ahabereye ibiburanwa, 5 Ugushyingo 2010) igika 14 (« intera iri hagati y’inzu y’abatangabuhamya biswe AIZ na BBT n’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ni 1,8 km. »). AIZ yavuze ko intera iri hagati y’inzu ye n’ibiro bya segiteri iri munsi ya kilometero imwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

48. Urugereko rwazirikanye kandi ikimenyetso cy’Ubwunganizi kirebana n’intera iri hagati y’inzu ya AIZ n’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Reba umutangabuhamya wiswe LA43, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 65 (« Hagati y’iminota 30 na 32 umuntu agenda ku maguru, kubera ko hari agasozi. Wenda nk’iminota 40 cyangwa 45. Ibyo ari byo byose, umuntu yahagenda mu gihe kitageze ku isaha. »); Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup. 27 (« Nashobora kugenda aho hantu iminota 30 cyangwa 40, ni ukuvuga umuntu umeze neza, utarwaye »). Muri make, Urugereko rusanga impamvu AIZ yatanze zatumye ashaka kujya ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba zumvikana, cyane ko nk’uko byemejwe n’ikimenyetso cy’Ubwunganizi, hari urugendo rutageze ku isaha. 345/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 72 yatanze yatumye yerekeza ku biro bya segiteri, ni ukuvuga gushaka amakuru y’uko ibintu byari byifashe, zihuye n’izo yari yaratanze mbere.150 140. Ubwunganizi bweretse kandi AIZ ubuhamya bwe bwanditse yahaye abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Gicurasi 1998, aho avugamo ko ari mu bwihisho bwe, yabonye ukuntu ubwicanyi bwatangiye. Ariko, yahakanye ko yabivuze kandi yemeza ko ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi byari bitaratangira.151 Birashoboka ko abandukuye imvugo ye bibeshye, by’umwihariko niba uyu umutangabuhamya yaravuze ku bwicanyi bwakurikiyeho, nk’uko yabikoze mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko. Uko ibintu bimeze, Urugereko rusanga iyi ngingo idafite uburemere buhambaye kandi itatuma umuntu ashidikanya ku buhamya yatanze hejuru y’indahiro.

141. Ikindi kandi, Ubwunganizi bwashatse gutesha agaciro ubuhamya bwa AIZ buvuga ko hagati y’ubuhamya bwe n’ubw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBT hari ibintu bidahuje ku 150 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 54 (« Ahubwo nari mfite inshuti yari ituye hafi y’ibiro bya segiteri. Nagiye iwe kubaza uko ibintu byifashe. Murumva neza ko muri ibyo bihe ntari kwegera abo bategetsi ngo mbabaze amakuru arambuye, kubera ko natinyaga ko bashobora kungirira nabi. »), 55 (« Ikibazo: Mutangabuhamya, ubwo wavaga iwawe umaze iminota 10 umenye iby’urupfu rwa Perezida, washakaga kujya he, ku nshuti yawe cyangwa ku biro bya segiteri? Igisubizo: Nashakaga kujya ku nshuti yanjye. Ikibazo: Uribuka icyo wasubije Porokireri mbere, muri iki gihe cya nyuma ya saa sita, igihe yari akubajije icyo wakoze ukimara kumva iyo nkuru? « Nari mfite amatsiko yo kumenya ibyari gukurikiraho, noneho njya ku biro bya segiteri kureba uko ibintu byifashe. » Uribuka ko watanze ubwo buhamya, mutangabuhamya? Igisubizo: Yego ndabyibuka. Mugomba kumva ko uwo mugabo yabaga hafi y’ibiro bya segiteri, nko mu minota 15 uvuye kuri segiteri. Sinshaka rero ko mwibwira ko navuze ko nashakaga kujya ku biro bya segiteri. Ahubwo nashakaga kujya ku nshuti yanjye yari ituye hafi y’ibiro bya segiteri, kubera ko ndi iwe, byari kunyorohera kumenya uko ibintu bimeze. »); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 22 (izina ry’inshuti y’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ). 151 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 61; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 276 (i). 344/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 73 birebana n’ibyo bakoze mu wa 1994, ukuntu bari baziranye neza n’inshuro babonanaga.152 Ariko, hari ahandi Urugereko rutemeye ubuhamya bwa BBT (II.3). Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rusanga ibisobanuro AIZ atanga avuga ukuntu yari azi neza BBT n’inshuro babonanaga, bikwiye kwemerwa. Kandi koko, AIZ yemeye ko yazanye na BBT Arusha kandi ko bacumbikiwe mu nzu imwe, mu gihe BBT we yavuze ko hari hashize ukwezi atabonana na AIZ.153 AIZ yemeye kandi ko BBT yaje iwe ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 mu gitondo kandi avuga ko yajyaga abona BBT kenshi.154 Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa AIZ avugamo ko atazi muri rusange ibikorwa bya BBT mu wa 1994, ko ariko azi aho yahungiye muri Mata 1994, butavuguruzanya byanze bikunze n’ubwa BBT.155 142. Hanyuma, Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe mu iburanisha birebana n’ibyo Gatete yakoze ku itariki ya 7 Mata n’amasaha yabikoreyeho, ndetse n’imodoka yakoresheje uwo munsi.156 Ariko, Urugereko rusanga amasaha yatanzwe n’abatangabuhamya bashinja ari ikigereranyo, kandi rugasanga itandukanyirizo mu kuvuga ubwoko bw’imodoka nta gaciro kanini rifite, kubera igihe kirekire gishize n’uko Gatete ashobora kuba yarakoresheje imodoka zitandukanye. Ibyo ari byo byose, Urugereko ntirwemeye ibindi bimenyetso bishinja birebana n’ibyabaye ku itariki ya 7 152 Imyanzuro

nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 276 (ii)-277. 153Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 66-67; Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBT, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo, urup. 81. 154 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 66, 69. 155 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 68-69. 156 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 98-105, 133. 343/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 74 Mata.157 Kubera izo mpamvu, iyi ngingo ntituma umuntu ashidikanya ku buhamya bwa BBR na AIZ.

143. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga BBR na AIZ bombi baratanze ubuhamya budahuzagurika kandi simusiga nk’abantu biboneye ubwabo ukuntu Gatete yaje ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata, n’ukuntu yahaye Interahamwe amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi. Bombi bibutse kandi ukuntu Interahamwe zindi zahageze. Urugereko rusanga kuba umutangabuhamya AIZ ari we gusa wavuze ko Interahamwe zigera kuri 20 zitwaje ibibando kandi ziri kumwe na Konseye Bizimungu zateraniye aho hantu mbere y’uko Gatete aza, nta buremere buhambaye byahabwa. Nyuma yaho, BBR yabonye zimwe mu Nterahamwe zari zateraniye ku biro bya segiteri zijyana na Konseye Bizimungu zerekeza kuri santere y’ubucuruzi yo Mumpara; nyuma yaho hari igitero cyahaturutse.

144. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BBR na AIZ budahagije kugira ngo umuntu yemeze ko Gatete yanatwaye Interahamwe cyangwa se ko yafashije kuzitwara. Nta n’umwe muri abo batangabuhamya wavuze ko Interahamwe zazanye na Gatete. N’ubwo Interahamwe zaje nyuma gato ya Gatete, birashoboka ko abandi bantu ari bo bazishakiye uburyo bwo kugera aho hantu. Bityo rero, rushingiye ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, Urugereko ntirusanga ko umwanzuro wonyine ushyize mu gaciro ari uko Gatete yafashije mu gutwara Interahamwe zari zateraniye hanze y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba.

145. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Gatete adashobora kuba yarategetse ko Abatutsi bo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba bicwa kubera ko, igihe yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, yari yarashyize Abatutsi mu buyobozi bwa Rwankuba. Ubwunganizi buvuga 157 Reba II.1; II.3. 342/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 75 kandi ko Abatutsi bo mu muryango wa Gatete bari batuye muri iyo segiteri muri icyo gihe kivugwa ko yaba yarahamagariye abantu kwica Abatutsi.158 Urugereko ariko rusanga ibyo Ubwunganizi buvuga aha bitarunyuze. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Gatete yigeze kugira umubano mwiza n’Abatutsi kandi ko yari afite bene wabo b’Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, ntibihagije kugira ngo umuntu ashidikanye ko yatanze amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi.

146. Urugereko rurakomeza rusuzuma ibimenyetso bishinja ruzirikana ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya bashinjura biswe LA41, LA43 na LA40, bavuze bose ko nta nama yabereye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo kandi ko Gatete n’abandi bayobozi batahateraniye uwo munsi.159 Urugereko ruributsa ko Ubwunganizi nta nshingano yihariye bufite yo gutanga ibimenyetso iyo bugerageza gutuma umuntu ashidikanya ku bimenyetso bishinja.160 Ariko, Urugereko rusanga ibyo ibimenyetso bishinjura bifite agaciro gato. Kandi koko, abo batangabuhamya uko ari batatu bemeye ko batageze ku biro bya segiteri kandi ko batashoboraga kubona igihe cyose ibyaberaga kuri ibyo biro ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo.

147. By’umwihariko, Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA41 yavuze ko yagiye ku kiyaga kugura amafi hagati ya saa kumi n’ebyiri na saa moya za mu gitondo, kandi ko mu masaha abiri yakurikiyeho yagiye gukorera mu iduka rye. Amasaha yatanze n’ayatanzwe n’abatangabuhamya biswe BBR na AIZ, ni ikigereranyo.161 Birashoboka ko yasubiye aho 158 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 268-269. 159 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 290-291. 160Reba, nk’urugero, Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Zigiranyirazo mu bujurire, ibika 17-18. 161 Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA41, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 34 (« Ikibazo: Ni byiza. Rero isaha watubwiye ko wagereyeho aho wakoreraga yari ikigereranyo. Ubu se noneho wahinduye ibitekerezo ku buryo wemeza ko wahageze saa moya za mu gitondo zuzuye cyangwa se iyo saha ya saa moya za mu gitondo ni 341/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 76 yacururizaga nyuma y’inama yabereye ku biro bya segiteri.162 Ikindi kandi, n’ubwo yashoboraga kubona ibiro bya segiteri ari hanze y’aho yakoreraga, ntiyashoboraga kubibona ari mu gikari, kandi ni ho yamaze amasaha abiri akorera amaze kuva ku kiyaga.163 Bityo rero, ubuhamya bwe ntibunyuranyije byanze bikunze n’ibimenyetso bishinja kandi ntibuhagije kugira ngo butume umuntu ashidikanya ku buhamya simusiga kandi budahuzagurika bwa BBR na AIZ.

148. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA43 na we kandi ntiyagiye ku biro bya segiteri, ahubwo yagumye iwe mu rugo ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo. Yasobanuye ko n’ubwo yashoboraga kubona igihande cy’imbere cy’ibiro bya segiteri ari imbere y’iwe, ntiyashoboraga kukibona ari mu nzu imbere. Yemeye kandi ko atakomeje guhagarara ikigereranyo? Igisubizo: … Murabizi, iwacu mu Rwanda ntitumenyereye kureba ku isaha, ngo umenye isaha iyo ari yo neza iyo utangiye umurimo. Bishobora kuba ari saa kumi n’ebyiri – saa kumi n’ebyiri irengaho iminota. Bishobora kuba byari saa moya irengaho iminota mike. Nta nyungu nari mfite yo kureba ku isaha igihe cyose nageraga aho hantu. Ikibazo: Ni byiza. Uremeranya na njye rero ko iyo nk’abantu baza kugera ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba mbere ya saa moya, uba utarababonye? Igisubizo: Ibyo na we ushobora kubyumva, kuko mbere ya saa moya nari ntaragera ku biro bya segiteri. »). Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR ntiyavuze isaha nyayo yagiriyeho ku biro bya segiteri amaze kumva kuri radiyo inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida saa moya za mu gitondo. Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ na we yagiye nyuma y’itangazo ryanyuze kuri radiyo hanyuma abona Interahamwe hanze y’ibiro bya segiteri mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, ariko yashoboraga gusa kugereranya iyo saha. 162 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5-7, 30-31, 33-34, 38, 47-48. 163 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010,

urup. 42 (« Ikibazo: None se mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, igihe wamaze amasaha abiri mu mirimo yawe, wari mu iduka ryawe cyangwa hanze? Igisubizo: Nari hanzi mu gikari, ariko nababwiye ko nta kintu nabonye. Ikibazo: Uri mu gikari se washoboraga kureba ku biro bya segiteri? Igisubizo: Hari ikintu cyari kinkingirije. Hari indi nzu yatumaga umuntu atabasha kubona ku biro bya segiteri. »), 47. 340/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 77 imbere y’inzu ye umunsi wose.164 By’umwihariko, intera iri hagati y’inzu ye n’ibiro bya segiteri ituma Urugereko rushidikanya cyane ko yaba yarashoboye gukurikirana ibyaberaga ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo.165 Bityo rero, ubuhamya bwe ntibuhagije kugira ngo Urugereko rushidikanye ku bimenyetso simusiga bishinja byatanzwe.

149. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40 yasobanuye ahantu hatandukanye yagiye mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata n’ukuntu yakomeje kuba hafi y’ibiro bya segiteri. Ariko, hari ibintu binyuranye Urugereko rwazirikanye mu guha agaciro ubuhamya bwe. By’umwihariko, yagiye ahantu henshi muri icyo gitondo. Yabanje gukama inka ye, hanyuma ajya ku gasantere k’ubucuruzi kuganira n’abantu amakuru yari agezweho, arangije hagati ya saa mbiri na saa tatu za mu gitondo ajya gusura se ahamara igihe gito. Ari kwa se, ntiyashoboraga kubona ibyaberaga ku biro bya segiteri kuko, nk’uko yabivuze mu buhamya bwe, hari nko muri kilometero imwe.166 N’ubwo ibihe byavuzwe 164Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, imp. 54-55, 62-63, 77-78. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA43 yavuze kandi ko ubusanzwe, iyo hagombaga kuba inama ku biro bya segiteri, abantu barabimenyeshwaga, rimwe na rimwe hakoreshejwe indangururamajwi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup.

63. Urugereko rusanga ariko inama yavuzwe n’abatangabuhamya biswe AIZ na BBR itari inama isanzwe yagombaga kujyibwamo n’abaturage bose, ko ahubwo yari iy’agatsiko k’Interahamwe. Bityo rero, birumvikana ko atari abaturage bose bo muri segiteri baba baramenyeshejwe ko izaba. 165Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Urugereko No1 (Raporo y’ibanga y’urugendo Urugereko rwakoreye ahabereye ibintu biburanwa, 5 Ugushyingo 2010) igika 14; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 77. 166Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 7-9, 11-13, 14, 41-43, 48-51. Urugereko rusanga kandi inzu Kanarura yacururizagamo inzoga yari hakurya y’umuhanda imbere y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Reba Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Urugereko No 1 (Raporo y’ibanga y’urugendo Urugereko rwakoreye ahabereye ibintu biburanwa, 5 Ugushyingo 2010) igika 10. Urugereko rusanga kandi ingingo z’Ubwunganizi zivuga ko Porokireri yagerageje guhuza ibimenyetso bye n’ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA40, avuga ko inama yabereye aho Kanarura yacururizaga inzoga ari imwe n’iyabereye imbere y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Reba Imyanzuro 339/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 78 n’umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe AIZ ari ikigereranyo, Urugereko rusanga by’umwihariko yaravuze ko yabonye iyo nama mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo. BBR we nta saha nyayo yatanze. Ikindi kandi, umuntu arebye abari muri iyo nama (abayobozi n’Interahamwe), ntabwo ari inama abaturage bose bari gutumirwamo. Rumaze gusuzuma ibyo bintu byose, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa LA40 budahagije kugira rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya budahuzagurika kandi simusiga bwatanzwe na BBR na AIZ.

150. Hanyuma, Urugereko rwasuzumye ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ko hariho ibikorwa byo guharabika Gatete.167 Urugereko rwasuzumye ibimenyetso byavuzwe n’Ubwunganizi, harimo n’ubuhamya bwa Claver Mutimura, ariko rusanga bidahagije ku buryo byatuma rushidikanya ku buhamya bukwiye kwizerwa kandi budahuzagurika bwatanzwe na BBR na AIZ.

151. Muri make, rushingiye ku buhamya bwa BBR n’ubwa AIZ, Urugereko rusanze, nta gushidikanya, mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Konseye Jean Bizimungu n’Interahamwe nka 20 zitwaje ibibando barateraniye mu mbuga y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Nyuma Gatete yaje mu modoka ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange. Hashize akanya gato haje indi modoka ya kamyoneti irimo Interahamwe n’umupolisi wa komine. Interahamwe zose zateraniye aho ku biro bya segiteri zari nka 40, nuko Gatete aziha amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi, azibwira ngo «mukorane umwete». nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 296-308. Urugereko rusanga ariko atari ngombwa kugira icyo ruvuga kuri iyo ngingo kubera ko ibimenyetso bishinja bigaragaza neza ko iyo nama yabereye hanze y’ibiro bya segiteri. 167 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi ibika 35-58; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 8. 338/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 79 Mbere yo kuva aho hantu yerekeza muri Segiteri ya Rwimitereri, Gatete yatanze amabwiriza yo « gukangurira» n’abandi kwitabira ubwicanyi.

152. Hashize amasaha make iyo nama irangiye, abagabaga ibitero barimo Interahamwe batangiye kugaba ibitero ku Batutsi muri Serire ya Nyagasambu no mu duce tuyikikije. Nyuma, abasirikare, abapolisi n’abasiviri b’Abahutu na bo baje kwitabira ibyo bitero. Zimwe muri izo Nterahamwe zari zateraniye ku biro bya segiteri zajyanye na Konseye Bizimungu ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi ko Mumpara aho baje gutera baturuka. Ikindi gitero cyagabwe hafi y’urugo rw’Umututsi wari umuyobozi wa serire witwaga Macali maze kiramuhitana168. Umuntu arebye uburyo ibyo bintu byagenze, by’umwihariko akazirikana ko Interahamwe zabigizemo uruhare ndetse n’ukuntu nyuma ya ririya koraniro ibyo bitero byahise bigabwa kandi bikagabwa hafi y’aho abantu bari bateraniye, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro yafata ashingiye ku bimenyetso byatanzwe ni uko Interahamwe zahawe amabwiriza na Gatete muri icyo gitondo zitabiriye ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi. 168 BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7, 8 (nyuma y’iyo nama, Interahamwe na Konseye Bizimungu bagiye berekeza Mumpara, muri kilometero imwe uvuye aho uyu mutangabuhamya yari atuye), 8-9 (Bashoboye gusubiza inyuma igitero cya mbere cyari cyaje giturutse i Gituza muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba kandi icyo gitero cyamaze iminota itagera ku icumi), 8-9 (igitero cya kabiri cyaje giturutse Mumpara cyo cyamaze igihe kirenze icy’icya mbere kandi cyari kirimo

abasirikare, abapolisi, Interahamwe, n’abasiviri b’Abahutu), 9 (« Gatete yari yasabye Interahamwe guhamagarira abandi baturage gutegura ibitero. Abenshi mu Bahutu bari bifatanyije n’Interahamwe ngo bahangane n’Abatutsi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibyo bitero byarimo abasirikare, Interahamwe, n’abandi baturage basanzwe »), 9 (igitero cya gatatu, cyagabwe hafi y’urugo rwa Macali, cyabaye nka saa cyenda cyangwa saa cyenda n’igice z’amanywa kandi kugisubiza inyuma byarananiranye), 10, 27 (uwo munsi inzu y’uyu mutangabuhamya yaratwitswe), 27-28. Mutimura anavuga ko ubwo Macali yicwaga iwe mu rugo hari abagabo b’abasiviri b’Abahutu, umujepe, abandi basirikare batatu, umupolisi umwe, n’Interahamwe eshatu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, imp. 65-67, 69-71; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8, 12-15. 337/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 80 153. Byongeye kandi, bishyize mu gaciro kuvuga ko ibitero bitahise bitangira ako kanya ikoraniro rikirangira. Mu by’ukuri, Gatete yahaye imbaga y’abantu bari bateraniye muri iriya nama amabwiriza yo « gukangurira » abandi kwitabira ubwicanyi169. Kubera ko ibitero byatangiye iyo nama imaze amasaha make irangiye, bikagenda birushaho gukara uko umunsi ugenda ukura, ndetse nyuma ntibibe bikigabwa n’Interahamwe gusa ahubwo bikanitabirwa n’abasirikare, abapolisi, n’abasiviri b’Abahutu, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, ni uko Interahamwe n’abategetsi bari muri iyo nama bubahirije amabwiriza Gatete yari yabahaye yo « gukangurira » abandi kwitabira ubwicanyi bakanajya gushaka abandi bantu bo kubafasha muri ibyo bitero. Ibyo byatumye abantu bo mu miryango myinshi y’Abatutsi bicwa. BBR avuga ko yashoboye kubara nibura imirambo iri hagati ya 25 na 30 irimo n’iy’abantu bo mu muryango we. Ibyo bitero byanahitanye Umututsi witwaga Damascène Macali wari resiponsabure wa serire.

154. Cyakora, Porokireri ntiyagaragaje ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Gatete yahaye intwaro Interahamwe n’abandi bantu bari bateraniye hanze y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Porokireri ntiyanagaragaje ko Gatete yatwaye Interahamwe azijyana i Rwankuba cyangwa akagira uruhare mu kuzitwara mu modoka ngo zijye aho hantu kugira ngo zikoreyo ubwicanyi. 169 AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 49. 336/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 81 3. SERIRE YA AKARAMBO, TARIKI YA 7 MATA 1994 3.1 Intangiriro 155. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Gatete yagize uruhare mu gutwara Interahamwe mu modoka zigiye mu masegiteri n’amaserire anyuranye ya Komine ya Murambi kandi akazitegeka kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Muri izo Nterahamwe harimo Rupia, Serena Gauframa na Rwasibo. By’umwihariko, havugwa ko Gatete na Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange batwaye Interahamwe zitwaje intwaro mu modoka zishoreranye bakazijyana muri Serire ya Akarambo. Bagezeyo, Gatete yazitegetse gutwika amazu y’Abatutsi, gusahura imitungo yabo, kubasenyera, gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Ibyo byatumye Interahamwe zisambanya ku gahato Abatutsikazi zinica Abatutsi muri Serire ya Akarambo170. Mu bishwe harimo Aisha Murekeyisoni n’abantu bo mu muryango wa BCS, naho ku itariki ya 8 Mata cyangwa hafi yayo, Interahamwe zasambanyirije ku gahato BAT iwe mu rugo muri Serire ya Akarambo. Mu kugaragaza ibyabereye muri Serire ya Akarambo, 170 Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwatanzwe ku bijyanye n’ahantu nyirizina Serire ya Akarambo iherereye budasobanutse. Reba BBT, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 64-65, 72, 87; Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 5 (inyandiko y’umwirondo) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi);

Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 19 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Rwankuba); Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 20 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Rwankuba); Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 21 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro) (Serire ya Akarambo, Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Urugereko No 1 (Raporo y’ibanga ku rugendo rwakorewe ahantu ibyaha byakorewe, 3 Ugushyingo 2010) igika 8 (gishaka kumvikanisha ko Serire ya Akarambo yari muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi). 335/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 82 Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe BBT, AIK, BCS na BAT171.

156. Ubwunganizi buhakana ko Gatete yatwaye Interahamwe mu modoka akazitegeka kwica Abatutsi. N’ubwo budahakana ko se wa BCS na Aisha Murekeyisoni bishwe, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Gatete nta ruhare yagize mu iyicwa ryabo ndetse no mu cyaha cyo gusambanya ku gahato BAT. Mu kunyomoza ibyo bivugwa, bwifashisha ubuhamya bwa LA16, Afiza Nikuze na LA11172. 3.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBT 157. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBT ni Umututsi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, amaze kumva inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida, uyu mutangabuhamya yohereje umugore we n’abana be 171 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 15, 31, 34, 39-40; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 30-31, 37, 114, 160, 165, 229-233, 630-696. Urugereko rusanga BVQ avuga ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Gatete yari muri Segiteri ya Gakenke agategeka Interahamwe gushakisha abantu bo mu muryango w’uyu mutangabuhamya n’abo mu muryango w’umuturanyi we ngo zibice. Cyakora, Urugereko ntirwemeye ubuhamya bwa BVQ (Reba II.8), kandi na hano ntirubwemera. Ibyo ari byo byose, Urugereko rusanze Porokireri adashingira ku buhamya bwa BVQ mu kugaragaza ibivugwa mu gika cya 15 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego. 172 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 74, 158-255, 323-380, 702-703, 1095, 1199; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 35, 42-45, 47-48. 334/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 83 muri Komine ya Giti. Hagati ya saa sita n’igice na saa saba n’igice z’amanywa yanyuze mu muhanda ajya gushaka aho yihisha173.

158. Hagati ya saa saba na saa munani z’amanywa, ubwo yambukaga umuhanda, yabonye haza imodoka y’ikamyoneti y’umweru ya double-cabin ya Gatete. Umushoferi w’iyo modoka yari Jean de Dieu Mwange kandi yari itwaye Interahamwe. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagize ubwoba yihisha mu murima w’amasaka muri Serire ya Akarambo. Ubwo yari yihishe aho hantu, yabonye Gatete asohoka muri iyo modoka maze abwira « abaturage bo muri ako gace » ko bagomba gutangira kwica Abatutsi kuko ngo n’ahandi byari byatangiye. Yongeyeho ko mbere yo kwica Abatutsi bagomba kubanza bagasahura inka n’inkoko byabo. Icyo gihe, hari Interahamwe ziri hagati ya 60 na 70 zitwaje intwaro gakondo174.

159. Gatete amaze kugenda, Abatutsi barishwe n’amazu yabo aratwikwa. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagumye aho yari yihishe kugera ijoro riguye, maze abona guhunga ajya muri Komine ya Giti. Agezeyo, yahasanze umugore n’abana be kandi muri iyo komine Abatutsi bari bafite umutekano175. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe AIK 173 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No18 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 54-56, 62-68; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 15 (izina ryanditswe na BBT). Uyu mutangabuhamya ntasobanura aho umuhanda yanyuzemo uherereye. 174 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 55-56, 58-61, 66-67, 71-73, 88. BBT yari mu ntera ya metero nibura 10 uvuye aho Gatete yavugiraga ayo magambo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 56. 175 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 56-57, 59, 73-75, 85, 88. BBT yari azi ko Umututsi witwaga Jean Damascène Macali wari resiponsabure wa Serire ya Nyagasambu yishwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 75-76. 333/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 84 160. Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIK ni Umututsi. Mu mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umucuruzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko, yavuze ko Aisha Murekeyisoni, na we wo mu bwoko bw’Abatutsi, yari Perezida w’ishyaka rya PL ku rwego rwa komine. Murekeyisoni amaze kumenya ko Perezida Habyarimana yapfuye, yagiye kwihisha mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri n’igice za mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 Mata. Cyakora, yaje kuva aho yari yihishe ubwo Interahamwe yavugaga ko ishinzwe umutekano yamubwiraga ko nta cyo agomba gutinya176.

161. Uyu mutangabuhamya yanumvise undi umuntu avuga ko iyo Nterahamwe yabeshyaga, kuko mu by’ukuri yarimo gutegura igitero kubera amabwiriza Gatete yari yatanze. Uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko muri icyo gitondo, Interahamwe zari zabanje kubonanira na Gatete ku biro bya komine, nyuma zigahita zijya kugaba igitero kuri Murekeyisoni. Interahamwe zose zo muri iyo serire, zageraga hafi ku 2.000 kandi zifite intwaro gakondo, zagiye muri icyo gitero cyagabwe mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri n’igice za mu gitondo. Félicien, wari umukuru w’Interahamwe zo muri ako gace, yavuze ko bagomba kubanza kwica Murekeyisoni nyuma bakabona gutwara ibintu byabo177. 176 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 22 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 45-50, 52-53, 60, 64, 67, 91. Reba kandi Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba Urugereko kuvana ibimenyetso bimwe mu bigomba gutangwa no kwerekana neza ibyo Ubwunganizi bugomba kwireguraho, 26 Werurwe 2010, igika 36 (ii), kutemera ikimenyetso cyerekeranye na lisiti yatangajwe na Gatete muri Mutarama 1994. Reba kandi inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 52-53, 57. Urugereko rusanga mu mwaka wa 1994 AIK ashobora kuba yari atuye muri Serire ya Akabuga, Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi. Muri iki cyiciro, Urugereko rurazirikana ubuhamya bwe, kuko bisa n’aho bigaragara ko Serire ya Akarambo na yo yari muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, kandi n’inzu yari atuyemo yari yegeranye cyane n’iya BCS. 177 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 48-50, 60-62, 65-66, 67. Nta gisobanuro kigeze gitangwa cyangwa ngo gisabwe ku kuntu AIK yamenye iby’iyo nama. Reba Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 67 (« Ikibazo: Abantu bitwaraga gisirikare bagera iwawe byari saa ngahe? Igisubizo: 332/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 85 162. Abagabye igitero kuri Murekeyisoni bamukomerekeje mu mutwe bakoresheje imipanga. Interahamwe zabwiye AIK ko zibanza kwica Murekeyisoni we zikaza kumwica nyuma. Icyo gihe, Gatete yaje mu modoka ye ariko ahagarara akanya gato gusa. Interahamwe zavuye aho hantu zigiye mu bundi bwicanyi178.

163. Umutangabuhamya ntiyashoboye kwibuka neza ukuntu ibintu byagiye bikurikirana. Bamaze kumutema mu mutwe yataye ubwenge yitura hasi. Aho azanzamukiye, yagerageje kujyana Murekeyisoni ku bitaro ariko asanga imodoka ye bayangije na batiri bayivanyemo. Yagiye ku muturanyi we gutira batiri ariko uwo muturanyi arayimwima179.

164. Yagerageje kujyana Murekeyisoni ku bitaro ariko asanga bamaze gushyiraho za bariyeri n’uko ajya aho Umuryango Utabara Imbabare wakoreraga kuri metero 500 uvuye iwe gusaba ko bamufasha. Abakozi b’uwo muryango bashyize Murekeyisoni n’uyu mutangabuhamya mu modoka yabo, ariko bageze kuri bariyeri « abagabaga ibitero » bayitobora amapine bituma abo bakozi bahunga. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagerageje gukurikira abo bakozi ariko baramwirukana kuko batinyaga ko na bo bakwicwa. Yasize Murekeyisoni kuri iyo bariyeri, aza gupfa nyuma uwo munsi ubwo Gatete yahanyuraga. Babanje gukorera inama ku biro bya komine. Kubera rero ko nari ntuye hafi y’ibyo biro, bahise baza iwanjye iyo nama irangiye. N’ubwo iyo uvuye ku biro bya komine ubanza kunyura ku zindi ngo, muri icyo gitondo ni jye wabanje guterwa nyuma y’inama Gatete yakoranye n’Interahamwe »). 178 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 50, 59-62, 66-67, 82, 93. AIK avuga ko Gatete yari yabwiye Interahamwe ko zigomba kubanza kwica Murekeyisoni. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 50. 179 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 50, 61, 67-68, 81; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 28 (izina ry’umuturanyi wa AIK). Mu buhamya bwe, AIK avuga ko Murekeyisoni amaze kwicwa we yahise ava aho hantu ajya kwihisha mu rutoki. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 60-61. 331/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 86 Gatete yabajije Interahamwe niba zishe uyu mutangabuhamya na Murekeyisoni, zimusubiza ko zamaze kwica Murekeyisoni wenyine, maze arazibwira ngo na we nizimushake zimwice. Icyo gihe, uyu mutangabuhamya yari nko muri metero 20 yihishe inyuma y’uruzitiro180.

165. Amaze kumva ayo mategeko Gatete yari amaze gutanga, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye yerekeza ku musigiti yihisha mu rutoki rwari hafi y’inzu y’umuturanyi we. Abagabaga ibitero baramuhize ariko nyuma nyir’urwo rutoki ababwira ko uyu mutangabuhamya yapfuye. Baje kubona aho aryamye yipfishije, bibwira ko yapfuye maze ntibongera kumushakisha. Nyuma yumvise ko Gatete yafashe umurambo wa Murekeyisoni akajya kuwereka Interahamwe avuga ko zakoze akazi kazo neza181. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BCS 166. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS ni Umututsi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yigaga mu mashuri yisumbuye atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 6 Mata, yari mu rugo hamwe n’umuryango we. Mu masaa sita z’ijoro, Gatete, abasirikare, abajandarume n’Interahamwe baje iwabo mu rugo bari mu ikamyoneti itukura yo mu bwoko bwa Mitsubishi. Muri iyo modoka hajemo abantu bari hagati ya 10 na 15 barimo umupolisi wa komine witwaga Habibou n’umubitsi wa komine witwaga Nkundabazungu. Basatse inzu bavuga ko bashakamo imbunda n’amabaruwa abantu bo 180 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 61-63, 68-70, 82, AIK anavuga ko Murekeyisoni yapfuye nyuma, mu masaa kumi z’igicamunsi, ubwo yasigaraga mu modoka y’Umuryango Utabara Imbabare. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 75, 77. 181 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 59-63, 68 (AIK yabwiwe ko « bamujombaguye ibisongo mu gitsina, ko ari uko bamwishe », 70, 82, 93 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo). 330/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 87 mu muryango we bandikiranaga n’Inkotanyi. Bamaze igihe kitageze ku isaha basaka ariko ntibagira icyo babona182.

167. Bukeye mu masaa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo, Gatete yagarukanye n’Interahamwe, bica urugi rw’igipangu maze basohora se wa BCS. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabireberaga mu nzu. Gatete yari afite masotera kandi yavugaga ko se w’uyu mutangabuhamya yari mu bishe Perezida, maze ategeka ko bamwica « bakamucagagura ». Interahamwe zakubise se w’uyu mutangabuhamya ishoka mu mutwe maze ahita apfa. Gatete yategetse ko bica urugi rw’inzu bakayisaka. Basohoyemo uyu mutangabuhamya n’uko Gatete ategeka ko we n’abantu bo mu muryango we bicwa avuga ko ari Inkotanyi. Ubwo yageragezaga guhunga, uyu mutangabuhamya yarashwe mu rutugu rw’iburyo. Yashoboye kwiruka ahungira mu rugo rw’umuturanyi ariko Gatete n’Interahamwe baramukurikira baramufata. Abo bantu bari bayobowe na Gatete, barimo na Nkundabazungu, bakubise uyu mutangabuhamya banamutemesha umupanga bamusiga aho bazi ko yapfuye183.

168. Abaturanyi be b’Abahutu ni bo baje kubona uyu mutangabuhamya bamujyana ku bitaro by’i Kiziguro, ariko bagezeyo bahasanga Interahamwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abo baturanyi bamujyanye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro muri iryo joro. Babiri muri bashiki y’uyu mutangabuhamya na mukuru we na bo bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ariko baza kwicirwayo184. 182 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 5 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 3-9, 21-23. 183 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 10, 11 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 12-14, 15, 22, 26, 30. 184 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 12-14, 16-18, 28-29. Reba na II.5. 329/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 88 Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BAT 169. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BAT ni Umututsikazi. Mu wa 1994 yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, yabonye Interahamwe zirenze 30 ziri ku muhanda muri Serire ya Akarambo. Izo Nterahamwe zari zitwaje intwaro gakondo kandi yamenyemo Karemera na Sabutimbili, mwene Nyamuhara, bari abaturanyi be185.

170. Uwo munsi, hagati ya saa tatu na saa tanu z’amanywa, BAT yabonye Gatete ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi ko muri Serire ya Akarambo. Ubwo yari yihishe hafi y’umuhanda mu murima w’amasaka, yumvise imodoka zije maze arahaguruka yibwira ko ari abantu baje kubungabunga umutekano. Cyakora, yari yibeshye kuko ahubwo yabonye ari Gatete uje mu modoka itwaye Interahamwe zifite intwaro gakondo. Bahageze, Gatete yahise ava mu modoka186.

171. Kubera ubwoba, uyu mutangabuhamya yahise ava aho yari yihishe asubira mu rugo. Hashize iminota mike, Interahamwe ebyiri, ari zo Karemera na Sabutimbili, zateye iwe maze zimusambanya ku gahato. Sabutimbili ni we wabanje kumusambanya ku gahato Karemera arebera. Sabutimbili aravuga ngo « Abatutsikazi ni abagome cyane ntibashobora kwemera kuryamana n’Abahutu ku bushake». Nyuma, abo bagabo bombi 185 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 21 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 4-5 (yanamenyemo uwitwa Fisto n’uwitwa Mubibigi). 186 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-6, 9, 11-15. 328/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 89 bavuye aho bamaze gusahura ibintu bimwe byo mu nzu. Bamaze kugenda, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye kwa nyirabukwe187.

172. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, kwa nyirabukwe haje izindi Nterahamwe zigerageza gusambanya BAT ku gahato ariko yihagararaho, azisaba kumwica aho kumusambanya. Zaragiye hashize iminota mike haza indi Nterahamwe iri kumwe n’abagore bari biciwe abagabo. Iyo Nterahamwe yashyize uyu mutangabuhamya n’abo bagore ahantu maze iryo joro abagabaga ibitero baza kubasambanya ku gahato. BAT yasambanijwe ku gahato n’umugabo witwa Kalimungabo. Nyuma yaho, Mutsinzi wari umukuru w’izo Nterahamwe yaraje azibuza gukomeza gusambanya abagore ku gahato. Yatwaye BAT n’abo bagore abajyana iwe maze bukeye ku itariki ya 10 Mata asubiza BAT iwe 188.

173. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa, Interahamwe zavanye BAT kwa nyirabukwe zimujyana ku kigo cy’amashuri abanza maze zihavana abana b’abahungu ngo zijye kubica. Nyuma yaho, Karemera wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri n’umwe mu bayobozi ba segiteri baraje bitwaje imbunda. Interahamwe zasobanuriye Karemera ko amabwiriza yo kujyana abo bana b’abahungu yatanzwe n’« abayobozi », bari bategetse ko « abantu bose barimo n’abana bagomba kwicwa ». Karemera yakoresheje amagambo ashaka kumvikanisha ko n’ubundi uko byagenda kose, abo bana bari gupfa kuva nta 187 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 16, 17 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 18. BAT asobanura ko Sabutimbili ari izina ry’iyihimbano, ko atazi amazina ye nyayo, ryaba iry’idini cyangwa irya kinyarwanda. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5, 17-18. 188 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-19. 327/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 90 babyeyi bagifite. Nyuma baje kumenya ko Inkotanyi zahageze maze ba bana basubizwa ku ishuri bukeye barokorwa n’Inkotanyi189. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA16 174. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA16 ni Umuhutu. Mu wa 1994 yari umuhinzi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Muri Mata na we yari umwe mu Nterahamwe z’i Kiramuruzi zayoborwaga na Jean Gahutu190.

175. Félicien Nyilingango wari Perezida w’ishyaka rya MRND mu rwego rwa segiteri yari ahanganye na Murekeyisoni muri politiki. Uwo Murekeyisoni yari Umututsikazi wajyaga avugana n’Inkotanyi akagerageza no gukoresha mitingi za politiki ariko Burugumesitiri Mwange akamwangira. LA16 yavuze ko yumvise kenshi Murekeyisoni agirana ikiganiro na Radiyo Muhabura, akaba yumva ari yo mpamvu abantu bavugaga ko yakoranaga cyane n’Inkotanyi. Nyilingango rero yaje gufata icyemezo cyo kugaba igitero kuri Murekeyisoni191.

176. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata mu masaa sita z’ijoro, Nyilingango yaje mu rugo rw’uyu mutangabuhamya amubwira ko Perezida Habyarimana yapfuye. Yamusabye rero gusanga « abandi » mu modoka maze bajya mu rugo kwa Nyilingango, basanga hamaze 189 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18, 19 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 20-23. BAT asobanura ko Karemera wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri na Karemera wari Interahamwe akaba n’umuhungu wa Nyamahara ari abantu babiri batandukanye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 19. 190 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 52 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 31-35, 40. 191 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 42 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 43-45, 75; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 1-2 (« Murekeyisoni ntiyari umuyoboke w’ishyaka rya MRND, ahubwo yari umurwanashyaka wa FPR »), 3. 326/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 91 kugera abandi bantu batandatu. Nyuma y’iminota mike, hari hamaze kugera abantu barenga 50. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyari azi impamvu abo bantu bandi bahaje cyangwa niba ari Nyilingango wari wabatumiye. Nyilingango yabwiye abo bantu ko Inkotanyi zishe Perezida, bityo bakaba bagomba kwica Aisha Murekeyisoni na se wa BCS. Iyo nama yabaye mu masaa sita z’ijoro. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyamenye uwari wahaye Nyilingango ayo mategeko kandi ntiyigeze anabaza uwo ari we. Icyo yakoze gusa ni ugushyira mu bikorwa amategeko ya Nyilingango wari umuyobozi wabo192.

177. Icyo gitero cyagabwe bukeye ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa mbiri n’igice za mu gitondo. Itsinda rigizwe n’abantu barenga 50 barimo uyu mutangabuhamya, Nyilingango na Donat Rupiya, ryagabye igitero kuri Murekeyisoni. Bahuye n’abajandarume babiri bayobowe n’undi mujandarume witwa Pascal Habururema, kandi hakomeje kuza abandi bantu baturutse « imihanda yose ». Nyilingango, Rupiya na Paul Mutsinzi bari bitwaje 192 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 40-41, 43-44, 55, 64-65, 71, 75, 80-83, 86-87, 89. Félicien Nyilingango yari afite inzu « ku muhanda munini, ariko kubera ko iyo nzu yari ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi, we yabaga mu gice cyayo cyo mu gikari, ni ukuvuga inyuma y’iyo nzu. » Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

40. Abandi bantu batandatu bagiye kwa Félicien ni Yamaha Murabano, Rwabuhungu, Munyenshongore, Paul Mutsinzi, Fidèle Karangwa bahimbaga Mikwege na Lucien Ntibaseke. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

41. Umutangabuhamya yabanje kuvuga ko Nyilingango yamujyanye iwe muri kamyoneti yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota Stout, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 40-42. Nyuma aza kuvuga ko yamujyanye iwe muri minibisi nto y’icyatsi kibisi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

80. Rimwe na rimwe, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonaga Nyilingango ari kumwe n’abasirikare, ariko ntiyigeze amenya niba hari amategeko bamuhaye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

50. Bagabye ibitero ku basiviri kuko abo basiviri bakoranaga n’Inkotanyi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

82. Nyilingango yari akuriwe na Nkundabazungu wari Perezida wa MRND ku rwego rwa komine, ariko icyo gihe ntiyari kwa Nyilingango. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 86-87. 325/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 92 imbunda. Bari babwiye LA16 kuzana intwaro bityo akaba yari yitwaje umupanga n’inyundo193.

178. Abagabye igitero bateye Murekeyisoni baramwica. Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIK yagerageje kumurwanaho ariko LA16 akubita AIK inyundo. Icyo gitero cyamaze nk’iminota 30. Ntibishe AIK kuko yari Umuhutu. Icyo gitero kiba, Gatete ntiyari ahari194.

179. Murekeyisoni amaze kwicwa, Nyilingango yategetse abagabye igitero kujya kwica se wa BCS kuko yari Umututsi, maze anashyiraho umugabo witwa Paul Mutsinzi ngo ayobore icyo gitero. Icyo gitero cyagabwe mu masaa yine za mu gitondo cyitabirwa n’abantu barenga 50. BCS yagerageje guhunga ariko baramutangira bamutema n’umupanga yitura hasi. LA16, Paul Mutsinzi, Gaspard Simpari Miheto n’abandi bantu ni bo bishe se wa BCS. Nyuma yaho, LA16 yagiriye nyina wa BCS inama yo kwihisha maze bituma arokoka195. 193 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 39, 42-48, 51, 55, 74, 76, 78, 81, 90. LA16 anavuga amazina y’abandi bantu bari muri icyo gitero nka Jean Gahutu, Yamaha Mudaheranwa, Benoît Sindikubwabo, Assumani Shyaka, Emmanuel Mutsintashyaka na Lucien Ntibaseke. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 46-47. Nyilingango, Rupiya na Mutsinzi baje bitwaje intwaro bari bafite mbere y’iyo nama. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup. 90. 194 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 47-49, 55, 62, 74-77, 79. 195 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 39, 55, 60-66, 73, 81. BCS na we yari mu nzu agerageza guhunga anyuze mu wundi muryango. Cyakora ageze muri metero nke gusa uvuye kuri iyo nzu, umugabo witwaga Karangwa yamukubise umupanga mu ijosi no mu musaya. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 63-65. 324/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 93 180. Hashize iminsi nk’ibiri Perezida apfuye, Inkotanyi zageze muri ako gace maze LA16 ahungira muri Tanzaniya anyuze muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. Yageze muri Tanzaniya nyuma y’iminsi igeze ku munani. Ku mupaka yabonye Gatete afatwa196. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe Afisa Nikuze 181. Afisa Nikuze ni Umuhutukazi. Mu wa 1994 yakoraga akazi k’ubusosiyali atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi muri Komine ya Murambi. We n’umuryango we bari baturanye n’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIK. Yemeza ko Umututsikazi witwaga Aisha Murekeyisoni yari azwiho kuba umurwanashyaka ukomeye w’ishyaka rya PL197.

182. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 6 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya yari iwe mu rugo. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, umuturanyi we yamubwiye ko indege ya Perezida yahanuwe. Mu masaa tatu za mu gitondo, yumvise urusaku maze arebeye mu idirishya ry’inzu ye abona itsinda ry’Interahamwe. Umukuru wazo witwaga Félicien Nyilingango yazitegetse kwica Murekeyisoni198.

183. Nyuma yaho, Nyilingango yasunitse Murekeyisoni maze Interahamwe zigeze kuri 50 zitwaje intwaro gakondo ziramukubita, zimusiga aho ku muhanda yenda gupfa. Icyo gitero cyamaze nk’iminota 30. Abayobozi b’icyo gitero ari bo Nyilingango n’indi Nterahamwe yitwa Rupiya Donat ni bo bonyine bari bafite imbunda. Hashize iminota itanu, AIK yaje mu rugo rw’uyu mutangabuhamya gutira batiri y’imodoka ngo ajyane 196 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 83-84; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 4-12. 197 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No48 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 62-66; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 49 (igishushanyo cyakozwe n’umutangabuhamya Nikuze). 198 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 66-68. 323/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 94 Murekeyisoni ku bitaro. Umugabo wa Nikuze yatije AIK batiri anohereza babiri mu bahungu be kumufasha. Hashize nk’isaha abo bahungu baragarutse, bavuga ko ubwo bajyaga ku bitaro, Interahamwe zababujije kunyura kuri bariyeri, bakitabaza abakozi b’Umuryango Utabara Imbabare bakabemerera kujyana Murekeyisoni i Kiziguro. Cyakora bongeyeho ko abarinze bariyeri banze ko imodoka y’uwo muryango inyura kuri iyo bariyeri ndetse banayitobora amapine. Abo bahungu babiri bavuye muri iyo modoka basubira mu rugo. Nyuma yaho, Nikuze yaje kubona AIK muri Komine ya Rukara ubwo [AIK] yavaga aho yari yihishe199. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA11 184. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA11 ni Umuhutukazi wari utuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi muri Komine ya Murambi mu wa 1994 kandi yari azi umutangabuhamya wiswe AIK. Avuga ko Murekeyisoni yari umurwanashyaka ukomeye w’ishyaka rya PL. LA11 yari azi n’umugabo wa Afisa Nikuze200.

185. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 6 Mata, LA11 yari iwe mu rugo. Bukeye mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata, yumvise kuri radiyo bavuga ko Perezida Habyarimana yapfuye. Muri icyo gitondo, yagumye mu rugo kandi yabonye Interahamwe ku muhanda. Muramu wa AIK yaje kwihisha iwe, naho Murekeyisoni ahungira ku wundi muturanyi, ariko hashize akanya gato asubira iwe mu rugo. Nyuma yaho, Félicien wari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe 199 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 68-69. 200 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 105 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 2, 4-7, 10, 16, 20. Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 107 (igishushanyo cyakozwe na LA11). 322/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 95 yaraje avuga ko yazibwiye kwica « uwo mugore », ko atazitumye kumuzanira amafaranga201.

186. Ubwo Murekeyisoni yaterwaga, LA11 ntiyari iwe mu nzu ahubwo yari hanze mu rugo, bituma ashobora kubona abateye. Icyo gitero cyagabwe n’Interahamwe ziri hagati ya 50 na 80 kandi cyamaze iminota igeze kuri 30202.

187. Nyuma yaho, Interahamwe yitwa Saïd yabwiye muramu wa AIK wari mu rugo kwa LA11 ko atagomba kuva aho yari yihishe kuko Félicien yari yatanze itegeko ryo kwica abantu bo mu muryango we [AIK]203. 3.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 188. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Gatete yagize uruhare mu gutwara Interahamwe mu modoka bazijyana mu masegiteri n’amaserire anyuranye ya Komine ya Murambi, akanategeka Interahamwe zirimo Rupia, Serena Gauframa na Rwasibo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Mu bindi bice by’Inyandiko y’urubanza, Urugereko rwasuzumye ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe kugira ngo rurebe niba koko Gatete yarajyanye Interahamwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba akazitegeka kwica Abatutsi (Reba II.2). Mu Nyandiko y’ibirego hanavugwa, mu buryo bwihariye, ko Gatete na Jean de Dieu Mwange wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi batwaye mu modoka zishoreranye Interahamwe zifite intwaro bazijyana muri Serire ya Akarambo. Havugwa ko Gatete yategetse izo Nterahamwe gusahura ibintu by’Abatutsi no kwangiza 201 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 10, 11-12 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 12, 13-14, 19- 20. 202 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 14-15, 17, 20. 203 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11-14. 321/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 96 bimwe muri byo, gutwika amazu y’Abatutsi, gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Mu bantu bishwe harimo Aisha Murekeyisoni n’abantu bo mu muryango wa BCS. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata cyangwa hafi yayo, Interahamwe zasambanyije ku gahato umutangabuhamya wiswe BAT204.

189. Nta wuhakana ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata muri Serire ya Akarambo habereye ubwicanyi. By’umwihariko, nta wuhakana ko muri icyo gitondo Interahamwe zishe Murekeyisoni na se wa BCS bombi bakaba bari Abatutsi. Ibimenyetso bishinja n’ibishinjura bigaragaza ko Interahamwe zitwaje intwaro zagabye igitero mu ngo z’abo ba nyakwigendera. Urugereko rusanga ikibazo gikomeye ari icyerekeranye n’uruhare Gatete yaba yaragize muri ubwo bwicanyi bwo ku itariki ya 7 Mata ndetse no mu gikorwa cyo gusambanya BAT ku gahato ku itariki ya 8 Mata. Urugereko rurasuzuma buri kimenyetso ukwacyo ku byerekeranye n’amategeko Gatete yaba, nk’uko bivugwa, yarahaye Interahamwe mu nama yabereye muri Serire ya Akarambo. Ruranasuzuma uruhare rwe mu iyicwa rya Murekeyisoni n’irya se wa BCS, runarebe niba koko yaratwaye mu modoka Interahamwe zagabye ibitero. 3.3.1 Amategeko yatanzwe ku itariki ya 7 n’iya 8 Mata 1994 190. Mu buhamya bwabo mu Rukiko, abatangabuhamya bashinja biswe AIK, BBT na BAT bavuga ko abantu babonye Gatete ari kumwe n’Interahamwe muri Serire ya Akarambo. Mu gihe AIK na BBT bavuga ko inama Gatete yakoranye n’Interahamwe yabaye ku itariki ya 7 Mata, BAT we yibuka ko iyo nama yabaye ku itariki ya 8 Mata. Nyuma Urugereko rurasuzuma ibimenyetso byerekeranye n’amategeko Gatete yaba yaratanze yo kwica Aisha Murekeyisoni na se wa BCS. 204 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 15, 31, 34, 39-40; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 30-31, 37, 114, 160, 165, 229-233, 630-696. 320/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 97 191. Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma ubuhamya bw’aba bagabo batatu bashinja rubugereranya hagati yabwo. AIK avuga ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Interahamwe zakoranye inama na Gatete ku biro bya komine mbere gato y’uko ziza mu rugo iwe mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri n’igice z’icyo gitondo205. N’ubwo adasobanura ibiro bya komine avuga ibyo ari byo, ubuhamya bwe mu Rukiko bwerekeranye n’ibintu byabereye muri Komine ya Murambi. BBT avuga ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata, hagati ya saa saba na saa munani z’amanywa, Gatete yageze hafi y’umurima w’amasaka muri Serire ya Akarambo ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange kandi bari mu ikamyoneti itwaye Interahamwe. Icyo gihe, Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe n’abaturage bo muri ako gace kwica Abatutsi206. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, hagati ya saa tatu na saa yine za mu gitondo, BAT yabonye Gatete n’Interahamwe baza mu mamodoka basanga izindi Nterahamwe ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi ka Akarambo207.

192. Aba batangabuhamya bose uko ari batatu bavuga ko Gatete yari muri Serire ya Akarambo mu nama yari irimo Interahamwe. Cyakora, usanga bashobora kuba batavuga byanze bikunze ku bintu bimwe byabaye, kubera ukuntu bagenda banyuranya mu buhamya bwabo ku byerekeye igihe n’ahantu iyo nama yabereye. Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma buri buhamya bw’aba bagabo ku nama zivugwa ko zabaye ku itariki ya 7 n’iya 8 Mata maze rurebe agaciro bwahabwa. 205 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49-50, 60, 64-67. 206 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 55-56, 58-60, 66-67, 71-72. BBT yatanze ubuhamya burimo urujijo ku byerekeye ahantu nyakuri habereye iyo nama. 207 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-4, 6, 11-14, 16-18. 319/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 98 (i) Amategeko yatanzwe mu gitondo cya kare ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 193. Ubuhamya bwa AIK ku nama Gatete yakoranye n’Interahamwe ku biro bya komine mu gitondo cya kare bigaragara ko bushingiye ku nkuru mbarirano. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko rwabwemera ari uko gusa rusanze hari ubundi bubushyigikira ku buryo bukwiye. Muri rusange kandi, Urugereko rufite amakenga ku kwizerwa k’ubuhamya AIK yatangiye mu Rukiko nk’uko ruri bubisobanure ku buryo burambuye ubwo ruraba rusuzuma iyicwa rya Aisha Murekeyisoni (II.3.3.ii).

194. Nk’uko bivugwa haruguru, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BBT n’ubwa BAT budahuye n’ubwa AIK ku buryo buhagije, bityo umuntu akaba atavuga ko ubwo buhamya bushyigikirana ku buryo bukwiye. Byongeye kandi, nk’uko bivugwa hepfo, Urugereko rufite amakenga ku kwizerwa k’ubuhamya BBT na BAT batangiye mu Rukiko.

195. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe mu rubanza kugira ngo rurebe niba bishyigikira ku buryo buziguye ubuhamya bwa AIK. By’umwihariko, Urugereko ruributsa umwanzuro rwafashe uvuga ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Gatete yageze ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba maze ategeka Interahamwe zari zihari kwica Abatutsi (reba II.2). Cyakora, n’ubwo bishoboka ko mbere yaho uwo munsi Uregwa yari yagiye ku biro bya komine agatanga amategeko ameze nk’ayo, Urugereko rusanga uwo atari wo mwanzuro rukumbi ucukumbuye ushyize mu gaciro wafatatwa, umuntu asuzumye ibimenyetso byatanzwe. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso byatanzwe mu rubanza bidahagije mu kugaragaza, nta gushidikanya, ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata Gatete yakoranye inama n’Interahamwe ku biro bya komine akaziha amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi. 318/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 99 (ii) Amategeko yatanzwe nyuma ya saa sita ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 196. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBT yatanze ubuhamya ku bintu yahagazeho, avuga ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, hagati ya saa saba na saa munani z’amanywa, Gatete yaje muri Serire ya Akarambo ari mu ikamyoneti itwawe na Burugumesitiri Mwange kandi itwaye Interahamwe. Muri ubwo buhamya bwe mu Rukiko, avuga ko icyo gihe Gatete yategetse abaturage bo muri ako gace n’Interahamwe zari zitwaje intwaro gakondo kwica Abatutsi. Mu ikubitiro, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ku bijyanye no kuba, mu mwaka wa 1994, BBT yari kubona Gatete akamumenya208.

197. Cyakora, Urugereko rufite amakenga ku bijyanye n’ubuhamya bwa BBT mu mizi yabwo. By’umwihariko, rusanga ubuhamya bwe budasobanutse ku birebana n’ahantu nyirizina yabonye Gatete ubwo uyu yazaga hariya muri Serire ya Akarambo209. Byongeye kandi, rusanga hari ibintu rutapfa kwemera mu buhamya bwe. By’umwihariko, umuntu ntiyashira amakenga ibyo BBT avuga ko yohereje umugore we n’abana be muri Komine ya Giti hari umutekano, ariko we agahitamo kwihisha mu murima w’amasaka210. Nta kindi gisobanuro yatanze uretse kuvuga gusa ngo yari afite ubwoba maze ava mu rugo 208 BBT yari azi neza Gatete cyane kuko imiryango yabo yari inshuti kandi inaturanye ubwo we na Gatete babyirukaga. Banamaze imyaka itandatu biga ku kigo kimwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 55, 61. Bamubwiye amazina ya se wa Gatete, nyina, mukase na murumuna/mukuru we, BBT yavuze ko abazi bose. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 55, 61-62, 78-79. Mu rukiko, BBT kandi yerekanye Uregwa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 60. 209 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 55-56, 58, 63-68, 72-73, 87. BBT yari yihishe mu murima w’amasaka muri Serire ya Akarambo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 64. 210 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 88. 317/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 100 ajya gushaka aho yihisha211, ngo ntiyashatse kujyana n’umuryango we, « yahisemo kuzagenda nyuma »212. Urugereko ntirunyuzwe n’ubu buhamya213.

198. Na none, Urugereko rufite amakenga ku byo BBT avuga mu buhamya bwe ko yari amaze ukwezi atabona umutangabuhamya wiswe AIZ, kandi, nk’uko AIZ we abyemeza, barazanye Arusha. Urugereko rwemeye ubuhamya bwa AIZ (II.2.3), kandi uyu mutangabuhamya anemera ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 yabonye BBT. Hatitawe no ku buhamya bwa AIZ, no kuba abo batangabuhamya bombi muri Mata 1994 bari baturanye, BBT yahakanye ko muri icyo gitondo yabonye AIK214. Uku kuvuguruzanya kw’aba batangabuhamya bombi gutuma umuntu arushaho gushidikanya ku buhamya bwa BBT. Muri make rero, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BBT 211 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 63-64, 65, 88. 212 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 88 (« Umucamanza Akay: Bwana mutangabuhamya, hari ikintu ntumva. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo wagize ubwoba maze wohereza umugore wawe n’abana muri Giti, kandi wabwiye Madamu Porokireri ko Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Giti yari umuntu mwiza kandi ko iyo komine yari irimo umutekano cyakora aho kujyana na bo wahisemo kwigumira muri serire yawe wihisha mu murima w’amasaka. None se uwo munsi kuki wategereje ko ijoro rigwa ngo ubone kujya muri Giti ? Mbikubajije kubera ko wavuze ko wagiye muri Giti bumaze kwira, ninjoro. Kuki utajyanye na bo ugahitamo gusigara ? Umutangabuhamya: Murakoze Nyakubahwa Mucamanza. Ntibyari ngombwa ko njyana n’umugore

wanjye n’abana banjye. Nabaye mbohereje mpitamo kugenda nyuma. Ni uko nabigenje »). 213 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 67-68, 73-75, 88. Urugereko ruributsa umwanzuro rwafashe ku bijyanye n’ubuhamya bwa AIZ n’ubwa BBR bavuga ko aho guhungira muri Komine ya Giti bashatse kubanza kureba uko ibintu byifashe nyuma baza kujya ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Kuri iyo ngingo, Urugereko rwanyuzwe n’ibisobanuro by’abo batangabuhamya bombi, ariko hano ntirwemeye ibisobanuro bya BBT. Reba II.2.3. 214 BBT, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 81-82; AIZ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 66-67. 316/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 101 budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho mu gufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidi- kanywaho.

199. Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma niba ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe muri uru rubanza bishyigikira, mu buryo buziguye, ubuhamya bwa BBT. Nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, ubuhamya bwa AIK busa n’ubuvuga ku kindi kintu cyabaye, ashobora kuba yarumvanye abandi kandi ubwo buhamya ntibwakwizerwa bihagije. Urugereko rusanga kandi ibyo BBT avuga ku nama yabaye ku itariki ya 8 Mata bitandukanye cyane ku buryo umuntu yavuga ko ashobora kuba avuga ku nama itandukanye n’iriya yindi. Na none, nk’uko bivugwa hasi, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rwemeza ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi.

200. Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ubuhamya BBR na AIZ batangiye mu Rukiko. Mu buhamya bwabo, bwemewe n’Urugereko, aba bagabo bavuga ko Gatete yaje ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata maze agaha Interahamwe amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi (II.2.3). N’ubwo bishoboka ko uwo munsi nyuma ya saa sita Uregwa yaba yaratanze amabwiriza nk’ayo muri Serire ya Akarambo, Urugereko rusanga uwo atari wo mwanzuro rukumbi ucukumbuye ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa. Muri make, Urugereko rusanze hataragaragajwe, nta gushidikanya, ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata nyuma ya saa sita, muri Serire ya Akarambo, Gatete yahaye Interahamwe amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi. (iii) Amategeko yo ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994 201. BAT ni we mutangabuhamya ushinja wenyine wavuze ko ku itariki ya 8 Mata, hagati ya saa tatu na saa tanu za mu gitondo, Gatete yageze ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi ko muri Serire ya Akarambo ari mu modoka itwaye Interahamwe, maze bagasanga izindi Nterahamwe aho zari ziteraniye ku muhanda. Hashize umwanya muto, Interahamwe 315/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 102 ebyiri zasambanyije ku gahato BAT kandi umunsi ukuriyeho we n’abandi bagore basambanyijwe ku gahato n’izindi Nterahamwe215.

202. Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma ibibazo Ubwunganizi bwabyukije buvuga ko uyu mutangabuhamya abogamye. Urugereko rusanga kuba uyu mutangabuhamya ari umunyamuryango w’ishyirahamwe Twisungane rishamikiye ku muryango wa Avega, ari ryo shyirahamwe ry’abapfakazi ba jenoside, bitavuga byanze bikunze ko abogamye nk’uko Ubwunganizi bubivuga216. Cyakora, kuba avuga ko mu wa 1990 Gatete yafungishije musaza we nyuma akaza no kwirukanwa muri ako karere, ibyo bishobora kumutera gushinja Uregwa. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusuzumana ubushishozi ubuhamya bwe217.

203. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko BAT atigeze ashyira mu majwi Gatete mu buhamya yatanze mu nkiko za Gacaca ku byabaye mu wa 1994218. Buvuga ko kuba icyo gihe ataramuvuze biteye kwibaza, umuntu arebye umwanya uyu mutangabuhamya yari afite219. Cyakora, icyo gihe yatanze ubuhamya ku bikorwa bya Gatete mu mwaka wa 1990220. Uyu mutangabuhamya asobanura ko muri Gacaca atari yajyanywe no gutanga ubuhamya ku byabaye mu wa 1994 kuko yumvaga atari ngombwa, bitewe n’uko yari 215 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-5, 10-11, 13-14,16-18. 216 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34-35. 217 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 375; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 25 (Inyandiko y’ubuhamya bwo muri Gacaca). 218 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 368-372. 219 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 372-375; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35-36. 220 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 26-27. 314/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 103 kuzatanga ubuhamya muri uru rubanza ashinja Gatete muri uru Rukiko. Urugereko rusanga iki gisobanuro kidahwitse221.

204. Cyakora, uretse ko runafite amakenga ku kwizerwa k’ubuhamya bwa BAT, Urugereko rusanga n’ubundi umuntu asuzumye ubuhamya bwe umwanzuro rukumbi ucukumbuye ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa atari uvuga ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica no gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsi, kandi ko Interahamwe zasambanyije BAT ku gahato zabikoze kubera amategeko yatanzwe na Gatete222. Urugereko rwageze kuri uwo mwanzuro rubanje no gusuzuma ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe muri uru rubanza, by’umwihariko ubuhamya bwa BBR n’ubwa AIZ bavuga ko ari muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi. N’ubwo bishoboka ko umunsi ukurikiyeho, Gatete ari muri Serire ya Akarambo yaba yaratanze amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi no gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsikazi, Urugereko rusanga uwo atari wo mwanzuro wonyine ucukumbuye wafatwa.

205. Kubera iyo mpamvu, n’ubwo rudashidikanya ko ku itariki ya 8 n’iya 9 Mata BAT yanyuze mu bintu bimutera umubabaro n’ihahamuka, Urugereko rusanze ibimenyetso byatanzwe bidahagije ku buryo rwabishingiraho rwemeza, nta gushidikanya, ko ku itariki ya 8 Mata Gatete yagiye muri Serire ya Akarambo agatanga amategeko yo kwica no 221 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 26. 222 Urugereko ruributsa ko rwanze ko ubuhamya bwa BAT buvuga ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi no gusambanya abagore b’Abatutsikazi bujya muri dosiye y’urubanza. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 6-10. Urugereko rusanga rwari gushidikanya kuri ubwo buhamya bwa BBT n’iyo buza kwemererwa gushyirwa muri dosiye. By’umwihariko, Urugereko rufite ikibazo ku buhamya bwanditse BAT yatanze mbere muri Kanama 2000 kuko atavugamo ko Gatete yatanze ayo mategeko kandi muri ubwo buhamya hari ibindi bintu amuvugaho ndetse n’iryo perereza ryakorwaga rikaba ari Gatete ryarebaga. Reba ikimenyetso gihamya cyatanzwe cy’Ubwunganizi No 24 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 8 Kanama 2000), imp. 3-4. 313/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 104 gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsi. Ntirushobora kandi gushingira kuri ibyo bimenyetso ngo rwemeze ko Interahamwe zasambanyije ku gahato uyu mutangabuhamya zabikoze kubera ayo mategeko ye. 3.3.2 Iyicwa rya Aisha Murekeyisoni, ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 206. Ibimenyetso bishinja n’ibishinjura byose bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Interahamwe nyinshi zitwaje intwaro zagabye igitero gikaze ku mugore w’Umututsikazi witwaga Aisha Murekeyisoni wari Perezida w’ishyaka rya PL muri Komine ya Murambi maze ziramwica223. Muri izo Nterahamwe harimo Félicien Nyilingango, Donat Rupiya, n’umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA16.224 Nta mutangabuhamya uhakana ko AIK yari aho hantu ubwo icyo gitero cyabaga225.

207. Urugereko rurasuzuma ibimenyetso ruzirikana uruhare ruvugwa Gatete yaba yaragize muri ubwo bwicanyi. Porokireri yifashishije ubuhamya bwa AIK mu kugaragaza ko Aisha Murekeyisoni yishwe kubera amategeko yatanzwe na Gatete kandi ko Uregwa 223 AIK, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 47, 49, 66, 91; LA16, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 42, 45, 55, 60, 64; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 1-3; Afisa Nikuze, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, imp. 65-68; LA11, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010 imp. 6, 11-12. 224 AIK, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49-50, 66, 73-75, 81, 85 (avuga ko Félicien Nyilingango na Donat Rupiya bombi bari bahari); LA16, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 39- 40, 42-48, 55, 74-76, 78, 90 (we na Félicien Nyilingango na Donat Rupiya bari mu bagabye icyo gitero); LA11, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11-13 (avuga ko yibuka ko uwitwa « Félicien » yari muri izo Nterahamwe). 225 Umutangabuhamya AIK, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 50, 60-61; LA16, inyandiko- mvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 48, 55-56, 74-75. 312/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 105 yanategetse Interahamwe kwica AIK226. Ubwunganizi buhakana ko hari uruhare Gatete yagize muri ubwo bwicanyi, bugashingira ku buhamya bwatanzwe mu Rukiko n’abagabo biswe LA16, LA9 na LA11227.

208. Ruhereye mbere na mbere ku buhamya bwa AIK, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Gatete akamumenya mu mwaka wa 1994 kubera ko na mbere bari baragiye bahura kenshi228. Urugereko rurasuzuma kandi ibibazo byabyukijwe n’Ubwunganizi buvuga ko AIK abogamye229. By’umwihariko, Ubwunganizi buvuga ku buhamya bwa AIK bwo mu nyandikomvugo yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Gicurasi 1998, aho yemeza ko Gatete yasabye Murekeyisoni ko baryamana kandi ko uyu mutangabuhamya ari we wari «umwanzi wa mbere wa Gatete muri komine yose »230. Ukurikije uko ibintu biteye, Urugereko ruzirikana ko AIK ashobora kuba afite impamvu zimutera gushinja Uregwa.

209. Byongeye kandi, Ubwunganizi bwanyomoje uyu mutangabuhamya bwifashishije inyandiko z’ubuhamya enye yatanze mbere, eshatu muri izo zikaba inyandikomvugo z’ibazwa ry’uyu mutangabuhamya ubwo yabazwaga n’abategetsi bo mu Rwanda, naho 226 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 15, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 114, 232-233. 227 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 158-255, 323-380, 702-703, 1095, 1199; Imyanzuro nsoza- rubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 42-45. 228 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 46-47. AIK yari azi Gatete nk’umuntu wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi. Yamubonye bwa mbere mu mwaka 1982 ubwo bamwerekaga abaturage bo muri ako gace bababwira ko ari we burugumesitiri mushya wa Komine ya Murambi. Yajyaga kandi amubona ubwo yari umucuruzi [umutangabuhamya] muri Komine ya Murambi. 229 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 209-222. 230 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 92; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 32 (ubuhamya bwo ku itariki ya 22 Gicurasi 1998), urup. 3. 311/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 106 iya kane ikaba inyandikomvugo yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Gicurasi 1998231. Umuntu ahereye kuri ziriya nyandikomvugo z’ibazwa ry’uyu mutangabuhamya, asanga zose uko ari eshatu zivuga ku byabaye mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata, by’umwihariko kuri kiriya gitero cyagabwe kwa Murekeyisoni n’ukuntu nyuma nyakwigendera yaje kwicwa. Hanavugwamo kandi amazina y’abantu uyu mutangabuhamya ashinja kuba ari bo baryozwa ibyo bikorwa. Cyakora, muri izo nyandikomvugo z’ibazwa nta n’imwe uyu mutangabuhamya avugamo Gatete232.

210. Abajijwe impamvu mu nyandikomvugo y’ibazwa ya mbere yo muri Mutarama 1998 atavugamo Gatete, uyu mutangabuhamya yashubije ko batamusomeye ibikubiye muri iyo nyandiko mbere y’uko ayisinya233. Ku nyandikomvugo y’ibazwa ya kabiri yo muri Werurwe 1998, AIK yemeje ko yavuze izina rya Gatete ariko ntibaryandika234. Naho ku bijyanye n’inyandiko y’ibazwa ya gatatu na yo yo muri Werurwe 1998 avugamo amazina y’abantu bari bayoboye igitero cyagabwe kuri Murekeyisoni, AIK yakomeje kwemeza ko yavuze izina rya Gatete, maze asobanura ko batamusomeye iyo nyandikomvugo mbere y’uko ayisinya235. Yemeje ko buri gihe cyose yabazwaga yavugaga izina rya Gatete236. 231 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 195-208; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 29 (inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, 3 Mutarama 1998); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 30 (inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, 3 Werurwe 1998); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 31 (inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, 20 Werurwe 1998); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 32 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 22 Gicurasi 1998). 232 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 29 (inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, 3 Mutarama 1998); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 30 (inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, 3 Werurwe 1998); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 31 (inyandikomvugo y’umutangabuhamya, 20 Werurwe 1998). 233 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 74-79, 96. 234 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 80-83, 96. 235 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 80-85, 96. 310/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 107 N’ubwo Urugereko rwemera ko hari igihe hashobora kuboneka inenge mu kwandika ubuhamya, nta zina rya Gatete rigaragara muri izo nyandiko zose uko ari eshatu. Urugereko rusanga ibyo bintu biteye ikibazo kandi bituma umuntu ashidikanya ku kwizerwa k’ubuhamya bwa AIK buvuga ko Gatete akwiye kuryozwa iyicwa rya Murekeyisoni.

211. AIK yanabajijwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Gicurasi 1998. N’ubwo muri ubwo buhamya avuga ko nyuma y’igitero Gatete yafashe ijambo imbere y’Interahamwe, ibyo avuga bivuguruza ibindi bikubiye mu buhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko. Urugereko rusanga uko kwivuguruza gutuma rurushaho kugira amakenga ku kuri kw’ibyo avuga, cyane cyane ko icyo gihe Gatete ari we wakorwagaho iperereza237.

212. Ikindi kandi, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa AIK burimo ibintu by’urujijo ndetse buhuzagurika238. N’ubwo Urugereko rwemera ko ihahamuka rishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi umutangabuhamya afite bwo kwibuka uko ibintu byagenze, hano ibyo bintu by’urujijo bituma umuntu arushaho kugira amakenga ku kwizerwa kwa AIK. Muri 236 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 95-96. 237 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 32 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 20 Gicurasi 1998) urup. 4; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 50, 60, 66-67, 93. 238 Nk’urugero, AIK avuga ko Murekeyisoni yiciwe iwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 20009, imp. 60, 66. Cyakora anavuga ko yasize Murekeyisoni kuri bariyeri nyuma uyu akaza gupfa mu masaa moya z’umugoroba ubwo Gatete yahanyuraga. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

61. Reba n’inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

77. Mu ibaza rinyomoza, yavuze ko bageze kuri bariyeri hagati ya saa tatu n’igice na saa yine za mu gitondo. Yongeyeho ko atari ahari igihe Murekeyisoni yapfaga, ko « nyuma bamubwiye ko bamuhorahoje mu masaa kumi cyangwa saa kumi n’igice z’igicamunsi ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 12 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 68, 75. 309/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 108 make rero, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho.

213. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe muri uru rubanza ngo rurebe niba bishyigikira, mu buryo buziguye, ubuhamya bwa AIK. By’umwihariko, umutangabuhamya wiswe BBW yavuze ko ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu gitondo cya kare, Gatete yaje ku rugo rw’umuntu witwa « Nyilingango » ari mu modoka, maze agasaba abaturage kwica Abatutsi239. Porokireri avuga ko ubuhamya bwa BBW bugaragaza ko Félicien Nyilingango yakurikije amategeko ya Gatete ubwo yakoranyaga abagabaga ibitero ngo batere Murekeyisoni na se wa BCS, nk’uko bivugwa n’umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA16240. Cyakora, nk’uko bisobanurwa mu kindi cyiciro (II.1.3), Urugereko rufite amakenga akomeye ku buhamya bwa BBW, kandi rusanga budahagije mu gushyigikira ubwa AIK, bityo rukaba rutabushingiraho ngo rufate umwanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Byongeye kandi, umuntu asanga ubuhamya bwa BBW na LA16 budasobanutse neza ku byerekeranye no kumenya niba inama aba batangabuhamya bavuga ari imwe241. 239 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 13-14, 24-25. 240 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 694-695. 241 BBW avuga ko inama yabonye ari iyabaye ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8, 10, 23-25, 27. LA16 avuga ko inama yabereye mu rugo kwa Nyilingango yabaye ku itariki ya 6 Mata mu masaa sita z’ijoro. Inyandikomvugo

y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 40-43, 80-82. Urugereko rusanze kandi ibisobanuro aba batangabuhamya bombi batanga ku hantu urugo rwa Nyilingango rwari ruherereye bitagaragaza ko, byanze bikunze, bombi bavuga ku muntu umwe. BBW ntatanga irindi zina ry’uwo « Nyilingango » avuga, akaba asobanura ko inzu ye yari mu masangano y’imihanda muri Serire ya Ntete, Segiteri ya Nyabisindu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 13, 27; Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 23 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro). LA16 avuga ko inzu ya Nyilingango yari ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi « ku muhanda munini» mu mbuga y’imbere ariko ntatanga amakuru ku bijyanye na segiteri iyo nzu 308/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 109 214. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ubuhamya bwa AIK rubugereranya n’ubwa LA16. Urugereko ntirwemera ko LA16 atazi umuntu wahaye Nyilingango amategeko arebana no kwica Murekeyisoni na se wa BCS242. Mu buhamya bwe, LA16 anashaka kumvikanisha ko hari n’abandi bategetsi babigizemo uruhare, ariko agakomeza kuvuga ko Nyilingango yari yarimo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010 urup.

40. Umuntu azirikanye ko uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ibintu byabereye muri Serire ya Akarambo muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, bishyize mu gaciro kwemeza ko agasanteri k’ubucuruzi avuga kari muri Serire ya Akarambo. Urugereko rero rusanga ubuhamya bw’aba bagabo burimo ibintu by’urujijo ku byerekeranye no kumenya niba bombi bavuga ku nama imwe. 242 Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko igitero cyagabwe kuri Murekeyisoni cyari cyarateguwe mbere y’urupfu rwa Perezida. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko ntirwemera ko LA16 atigeze atekereza kubaza impamvu Perezida akimara gupfa bahise basabwa kwica. Ntirunemera ko batigeze bavuga ku mpamvu ariya mategeko yatanzwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup. 91; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 34- 35. Ubuhamya bwa LA16 bushaka kandi kumvikanisha ko ubwo we na Gatete bahungiraga muri Tanzaniya bagiye mu modoka zishoreranye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 4 (« Ikibazo : Ejo watubwiye ko wabonye Jean-Baptiste Gatete afatwa kandi nk’uko nabyumvishe, wamubonye afatwa ubwo wambukaga umupaka winjira muri Tanzaniya. Ni byo ? Igisubizo: Ni byo. Ni ko navuze, kandi ni byo nabonye…. Nasobanuye ko nageze ku mupaka yamaze gufatwa, nako bamaze kumuhagarika, imodoka iparitse. Nagira ngo mbasobanurire ko ntamwiboneye n’amaso yanjye. Bambwiye gusa ko ahari ariko sinamwiboneye ubwanjye. …Ikibazo: Ni ukuvuga rero ko wambuka umupaka

wari mu itsinda rinini ry’abantu baturutse mu karere kanyu. Ni byo? Igisubizo: Bamwe bari abo mu karere k’iwacu, abandi bari baturutse mu tundi turere. Twari benshi cyane tugenda tubyigana ngo tubone aho tunyura. …. Ikibazo: Ni ukuvuga rero kuba warambukiye umupaka igihe kimwe na Gatete ari ibintu byikoze gusa? ), 5 (« Umucamanza Muthoga: Ni ukuvuga rero ko iyo modoka [ya Gatete] yari mu zo mwagiye mushoreranye. Mwajyanye mu modoka imwe? Umutangabuhamya: Hagati y’imodoka yarimo n’iyo narimo hari izindi modoka ebyiri. Ubwo rero twari inyuma, ariko imodoka zagendaga gahoro cyane kubera ko abantu bari uruvunganzoka hari n’inka nyinshi.… Ni byo, namubonaga ari mu mudoka ye »). Cyakora, rukurikije uko ibintu byifashe, Urugereko rusanga rutakwemeza, byanze bikunze, ko Gatete yatanze amategeko yo kwica Murekeyisoni na se wa BCS. 307/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 110 akuriwe na Nkundabazungu wari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe243. Urugereko ruributsa ko mu kindi cyiciro rwasanze Gatete na Nkundabazungu bari kumwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ubwo hatangwaga amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi (II.5). Ibyo ari byo byose, ibimenyetso byatanzwe ntibihagije bityo Urugereko rukaba rutabishingiraho ngo rwemeze ko Nkundabazungu yahabwaga amategeko na Gatete.

215. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ubuhamya bwa AIK rubugereranya n’ubw’abandi batangabuhamya bashinjura. Rusanga ubuhamya bwa Afisa Nikuze n’ubwa LA11 nta gaciro gakomeye bwahabwa. Mu by’ukuri, Nikuze yiyemereye ko ibyo azi kuri ibyo byabaye bivugwa ari ibyo yumvanye abandi244. Ubuhamya bwa LA11 na bwo bwumvikanisha ko bimwe mu byo azi kuri kiriya gitero ari ibyo yumvanye abandi245. 243 LA16, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup. 86 (« Ikibazo: Ni nde wari ukuriye Félicien ? Igisubizo: Mu gace yari atuyemo, yari yari akuriwe na Nkundabazungu wari perezida ku rwego rwa komine. Aha ndashaka kuvuga Perezida wa MRND ku rwego rwa komine. Bityo rero, kubera uwo mwanya yarri afite, ni we wari umukuriye ».); Nk’urugero kandi, reba umutangabuhamya BUY, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 70 (« Nabonye Gatsinzi na Nkundabazungu, basaga naho ari bamwe mu bayobozi b’Interahamwe »); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 54 (« Navuze Nkundabazungu uvuka muri Komine ya Murambi. Ni we wari umukuru w’abahamagariraga abantu gukora ibikorwa by’imvururu»). 244 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9-11, 12 (« Ikibazo: Ibyo bintu warabyiboneye n’amaso yawe cyangwa ni undi muntu wabikubwiye ? Igisubizo: Nabyumvanye undi muntu. Ikibazo: Ni nde wabyumvanye? Igisubizo: Nabanje kubyumvana Gatabazi wavaga inda imwe na AIK], nyuma nza no kubyumvana AIK ubwe, ndetse n’umwana we…

»), 13. Reba n’inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13-16. 245 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-16, 19-20; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 107 (igishushanyo cyakozwe n’umutangabuhamya Nikuze). Uyu mutangabuhamya avuga kandi ko iby’icyo gitero yabimenyeye mu manza Gacaca yagiye ajyamo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, urup. 12 (« Umutangabuhamya: Ni byo, muri iryo buranisha muri Gacaca nari mpari. Umucamanza Muthoga: Ni ukuvuga rero ko ibyo utubwira ari ibyo wumviye muri iryo buranisha muri Gacaca? Umutangabuhamya: Hari amakuru amwe namenye mu gihe biriya bintu byabaga kubera ko hari abantu bazaga guha amakuru umuntu wari 306/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 111 Cyakora, ibimenyetso bishinja ntibihagije bityo Urugereko rukaba rutabishingiraho ngo rufate imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho.

216. Muri make, Urugereko rusanze ibimenyetso byatanzwe bidahagije bityo rukaba rutabishingiraho ngo rwemeze, nta gushidikanya, ko Aisha Murekeyisoni yishwe kubera ibikorwa bya Gatete cyangwa ko Gatete yari ahari ku itariki ya 7 Mata igihe uyu nyakwigendera yaterwaga akicwa. Porokireri ntiyanagaragaje kandi ko nyuma yaho Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica AIK. 3.3.3 Iyicwa rya se wa BCS ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 217. Se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS yari Umututsi kandi yari atuye muri Serire ya Akarambo, muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi. Nta muburanyi n’umwe uhakana ko se wa BCS yishwe n’Interahamwe mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata. Ibimenyetso byatanzwe binagaragaza ko BCS yari ahari ubwo icyo gitero cyabaga, ndetse akagikomerekeramo bikomeye ubwo yageragezaga guhunga246. Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya bwa BCS mu kugaragaza ko Gatete yari aho hantu ubwo icyo gitero cyagabwaga iwabo wa CBS, kandi ko se w’uyu mutangabuhamya yishwe kubera amabwiriza yatanzwe n’Uregwa247. Cyakora, ubuhamya bwa BCS ntibugaragaza ko abandi bantu bo mu muryango we na bo bishwe icyo gihe. warahungiye mu rugo rwacu, bityo bigatuma hari ibyo menya»). Reba kandi inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13, 15-16. 246 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 10-13, 15, 22, 30; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 39, 55, 60-66, 73, 79, 81. 247 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 15, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 114, 232-233, 630-696. 305/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 112 218. Ubwunganizi buhakana ko Gatete yagize uruhare muri icyo gitero no muri ubwo bwicanyi, maze bukifashisha ubuhamya bwa A16248. Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma ibimenyetso rushingiye ku bivugwa ko Gatete yagize uruhare muri icyo gitero no muri ubwo bwicanyi.

219. Mbere na mbere, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko muri Mata 1994, BCS yashoboraga kubona Gatete akamumenya249. Ku byerekeranye n’agaciro kahabwa ubuhamya bwe, Ubwunganizi bweretse uyu mugabo ubuhamya bwanditse yatanze mu Ukwakira 1998 aho avuga ko se, nyina na bashiki be babiri bishwe n’abantu bo mitwe yitwaraga gisirikare babatsinze iwabo mu rugo. Cyakora mu buhamya yatanze mu Rukiko, BCS yavuze ko se ari we wenyine wiciwe iwabo mu rugo, mwene nyina na bashiki be babiri bakicirwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro nyuma, naho nyina akarokoka. Uyu mutangabuhamya asobanura ko umupererezi w’Urukiko atamusabye kuvuga aho buri wese mu bantu bo mu muryango we yiciwe, bityo akaba ari yo mpamvu atasobanuye niba bose barishwe icyo gihe cyangwa niba bamwe muri bo barapfuye nyuma250. 248 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 158-255, 323-380; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 42-45. 249 BCS avuga ko n’ubwo muri Mata 1994 Gatete atari akiri Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi yakundaga kumubona, kandi ko yari amuzi neza. Yaranamwerekanye mu cyumba cy’iburanisha. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 7. 250 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 13, 27-28 (« Ubwo navugaga mushiki wanjye muri ubwo buhamya bwanditse, nashakaga ko abantu bose bo mu muryango wanjye bishwe bajya muri dosiye, naho ubundi ntibiciwe igihe kimwe. Umuntu waje kumbaza ibibazo ntiyashakaga ko dutanga ibisoabanuro byinshi ngo tuvuge uko buri wese yapfuye. Nta bibazo yigeze ambaza bijyanye no kumenya ahantu hatandukanye abo bantu banyuranye biciwe. Ni yo mpamvu ubwo nasubizaga icyo kibazo nagiye mvuga ibintu muri rusange kuko ikibazo bari bambajije nta bisobanuro birambuye cyasabaga »). 304/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 113 Urugereko rusanga n’ubwo ibi bishobora kuba ari ko byagenze, mu buhamya bwanditse yatanze mbere handitsemo ko mukuru we yiciwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro.

220. Urugereko ruributsa kandi ko ibyo uyu mutangabuhamya avuga mu buhamya bwanditse yatanze mu Ukwakira 1998 ku bwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro binyuranye cyane n’ibyo avuga kuri ubwo bwicanyi mu buhamya yatanze mu Rukiko251. Hari ikindi gice cy’ubuhamya bwe mu Rukiko Urugereko rwanze kwemera (II.5.3.i), kandi n’ibi bindi avuga ntirwabyemera kereka hari ubundi buhamya bubishyigikira ku buryo bukwiye.

221. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ubuhamya bwa BCS mu Rukiko rubugereranya n’ubw’umutangangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA16252. Cyakora, rwaje gusanga ubuhamya bwa BCS, budafite ubundi bubushyigikira, budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Porokireri ntiyagaragaje ko Gatete yari ahari igihe se wa BCS yicwaga cyangwa ko nyakwigendera yishwe kubera ibikorwa bya Getete. 251 Reba II.5.3.i, bavuga ku kimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 2 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 3 n’iya 10 Ukwakira 1998) urup. 4 ahavugwa ko uyu mutangabuhamya «yiboneye ubwo bwicanyi », nyamara mu buhamya yatanze mu Rukiko avuga ko atigeze abona abo bantu baraswa ko ahubwo yumvise amasasu gusa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 35-36. 252 Nk’uko Urugereko rwabivuze haruguru, n’ubwo ubuhamya bw’umugabo ushinjura wiswe LA16 bushaka kumvikanisha ko Nyilingango yahabwaga amategeko n’abategetsi, Urugereko ntirwemera ibyo yavuze ko atazi umuntu watanze ayo mategeko, kandi yambuka umupaka ajya muri Tanzaniya yaragiye mu gihe kimwe na Gatete. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga umwanzuro rukumbi ucukumbuye ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa, ukurikije ibyo bintu, ni uko Gatete atari we watanze amategeko yo kwica se wa BCS. 303/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 114 3.3.4 Gufasha mu gutwara Interahamwe 222. Mu gusoza kuri iki kibazo, Urugereko rurasuzuma niba ibimenyetso byatanzwe bigaragaza ko Gatete yagize uruhare mu gutwara Interahamwe mu modoka bazijyana muri Serire ya Akarambo kwica Abatutsi nk’uko bivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego.

223. Abatangabuhamya bashinja biswe BBT na BAT bavuga ko Gatete yaje muri Serire ya Akarambo ari mu modoka itwaye Interahamwe. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwabo bugaragara nk’aho batavuga ku byabaye bimwe. Rumaze gusuzuma agaciro kahabwa ubwo buhamya, rufashe umwanzuro uvuga ko ibyo bavuga bidahagije ngo rube rwabishingiraho rufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo BCS avuga ko Gatete yaje iwe ari kumwe n’Interahamwe, Urugereko ntirwemeye ubuhamya bwe kuko budafite ubundi bubushyigikira kandi no ku bivugwa aha ntiruri bubwemere.

224. Muri make, Urugereko rusanze ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe bidahagije ngo rube rwabishingiraho rwemeza, nta gushidikanya, ko Gatete yatwaye Interahamwe mu modoka akazijyana muri Serire ya Akarambo kwica Abatutsi.

4. BARIYERI ZO MURI PEREFEGITURA YA BYUMBA MURI MATA 1994 4.1 Intangiriro 225. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko hagati y’itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994, Gatete yakoranyije Interahamwe, akajya mu gikorwa cyo gufunga imihanda n’utundi tuyira twose dusohoka muri Perefegitura ya Byumba. Yitabiriye kandi igikorwa cyo gushakisha abasiviri b’Abatutsi atanga amalisiti ariho amazina yabo ; yatanze amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi, ndetse anarinda ubwe za bariyeri. By’umwihariko, Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ahagana ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994, kuri bariyeri yari muri Serire ya Nyagasambu ku muhanda ujya muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Gatete yabwiye abaturage b’abasiviri guhiga Abatutsi 302/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 115 bakabatsemba badasize n’impinja ziri mu nda. Uregwa yanahaye abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare imbwa zo kuborohereza muri icyo gikorwa cyo guhiga Abatutsi maze bituma abasiviri b’Abatutsi bicwa. Mu kugaragaza ibyo avuga, Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBJ253.

226. Ubwunganizi buhakana ibyo birego maze bukavuga ko ubuhamya bwa BBJ budakwiye kwemerwa254. 4.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBJ 227. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBJ ni Umututsikazi. Mu wa 1994 yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, mu masaa sita z’amanywa, Interahamwe zaje mu gace yari atuyemo zibwira abantu gutonda umurongo zivuga ko zigiye kubakoresha inama. Cyakora, aho kubakoresha inama zabirayemo zitangira kubica zikoresheje intwaro zifite ubugi. BBJ yihishe mu bihuru ari kumwe n’umuhungu we n’undi mwana w’umuturanyi we255.

228. Mu masaa tatu z’ijoro ubwo yari yihishe, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Gatete aje kuri bariyeri yari muri Serire ya Nyagasambu. Yari aturutse mu cyerekezo cy’i « Gacuba », ari mu ikamyoneti y’umutuku yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota irimo imbwa eshatu. Ahageze, 253 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 13, 18, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 34-35, 40, 43 (iii), 75 (ii), 302-304; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 7, 9. 254Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 95, 476(a)-506, 696, 1094, 1097-1098, 1157, 1164, 1283; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 49. 255 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 15 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 14-16, 18. Reba na II.5.2. 301/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 116 yavuye muri iyo modoka anyura imbere yayo. Kubera ko uyu mutangabuhamya yakekaga ko Gatete agiye kuvuga ngo ibikorwa by’urugomo bihoshe, we n’abana begereye umuhanda ngo bumve icyo agiye kuvuga. Aho guhagarika ibyo bikorwa, Gatete yashimiye Interahamwe, ariko azibwira ko « zitakoze neza cyane », ko « abantu b’i Gacuba bazirushije ». Yongeyeho ko hari abakobwa benshi basanze mu «gishanga » kandi ko « amabere yabo… yagombaga guhambwa muri icyo gishanga, akavanwa ku muhanda». Yabwiye Interahamwe ko yazanye imbwa, ko rero bagomba guhiga Abatutsi. Yabategetse kwica Abatutsi bose kandi ko batagombaga kubabarira abagore batwite ndetse ntibasige n’insoro ziri mu nda zabo. Mu gusoza, yatanze amabwiriza yo gukoranyiriza Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kugira ngo bicwe ku wa mbere ukurikiraho. Gatete yamaze kuri iyo bariyeri iminota mike gusa kuko yahise agenda amaze gutanga ayo mabwiriza asiga za mbwa aho256.

229. Gatete amaze kugenda, BBJ na ba bana bagiye mu gishanga, bageze mu kabande ka Rwimiterere abagabaga ibitero babashumuriza za mbwa. BBJ yenze kurohama muri icyo gishanga, Interahamwe zigaba igitero kuri ba bana. Umwana w’umuturanyi we yiciwe kuri bariyeri yari i Rwimiterere, naho umuhungu we arahakubitirwa. We n’umuhungu we bageze kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku cyumweru tariki ya 10 Mata mu masaa moya za mu 256 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 15, 16 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 17 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 59-60. BBJ ntiyashoboye gutandukanya amoko y’imodoka, ariko asobanura uko imodoka y’Uregwa yari iteye. Avuga ko ari za modoka « ubusanzwe zitwara ibintu cyangwa abantu. Yari iyo mu bwoko bwa Toyota. Ni imodoka Gatete yari asanzwe akoresha. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 16. 300/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 117 gitondo. Umuhungu we yaje gupfira aho kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro mu gitero cyahagabwe ku itariki ya 11 Mata257. 4.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 230. Porokireri yifashishije ubuhamya bwa BBJ mu kugaragaza ko hafi y’itariki ya 8 Mata 1994, Gatete yahaye abaturage b’abasiviri bari kuri bariyeri yari muri Serire ya Nyagasambu amabwiriza yo guhiga Abatutsi no kubica badasize n’impinja ziri mu nda akanabaha imbwa zo kuborohereza kubahiga258. Porokireri yanifashishije ibimenyetso byerekeranye n’ibintu byabereye kuri bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga Komine ya Kayonza itari muri Perefegitura ya Byumba, ahubwo yari mu ya Kibungo (II.8). Ubwunganizi bwo buvuga ko ubuhamya bwa BBJ budakwiye kwizerwa, kandi ko Porokireri atashoboye kugaragaza ibyo bintu avuga259.

231. Mbere na mbere, Urugereko rwemera ko muri Mata 1994, BBJ yashoboraga kubona Uregwa akamumenya. N’ubwo nta bisobanuro byatanzwe ku byerekeranye n’ahantu yaba yaragiye abona Gatete mbere, ubuhamya bwe bwumvikanisha ko yari asanzwe amuzi. 257 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 17-18, 61. Interahamwe zakoreye umwe muri abo bana ibikorwa by’urugomo rushingiye ku gitsina ziranamukomeretsa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup 18. Reba na II.5.2. 258 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 18, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 34-35, 40, 43 (iii), 75 (ii), 302-304; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 7, 9. 259 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 95, 476(a)-506, 696, 1094, 1097-1098, 1157, 1164, 1283; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 49. 299/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 118 BBJ yavuze ko yari azi Gatete kuva uyu akiri muto, akaba yari azi n’abantu bo mu muryango we. Yari azi kandi ko yigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi260.

232. Cyakora, Urugereko rufite amakenga ku buhamya bwa BBJ. Ntirwemera ko yaba yaratinyutse kujya muri metero nke gusa uvuye aho Uregwa yari kuri bariyeri mu gihe aho hantu hari Interahamwe we yivugira ko zari zarishe abantu zikoresheje « intwaro zifite ubugi »261. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko ruributsa ko rwagaragaje amakenga yarwo ku byerekeye ukwizerwa k’ubuhamya bwa BBJ nk’uko rwabivuze mu kindi cyiciro (II.5.3.i). Muri icyo cyiciro, Urugereko ntirwemeye ubuhamya bwe kubera ko budafite ubundi bubushyigikira kandi no ku bivugwa aha ni ko rubigenza.

233. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze kubera ko ubuhamya bwa BBJ budafite ubundi bubushyigikira, budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rwemeza, nta gushidikanya, ko ku itariki 8 Mata 1994 Gatete yabwiye abasiviri bari kuri bariyeri yari muri Serire ya Nyagasambu guhiga no kwica Abatutsi, cyangwa ko yabahaye imbwa zo kuborohereza kubahiga. Porokireri ntiyatanze ibindi bimenyetso bishyigikira ibyo avuga ko Gatete yagize uruhare mu kuyobora no gucunga bariyeri zari muri Perefegitura ya Byumba nk’uko bivugwa mu gika cya 13 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego. 260 BBJ avuga ko yari azi Gatete n’umuryango we, n’aho yari [Gatete] atuye mbere yo kwimukira i Gakenke. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 14-15. Kuba byarabanje kumugora kwerekana Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, birasa n’ibyatewe no kurwara amaso no kugira ubwoba bwo kumwegera ngo amwerekane. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 25-28. Ibyo ari byo byose, Urugereko ruributsa ko kumenya uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha bigomba guhabwa agaciro gake cyangwa ntibinagire ako bihabwa. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kalimanzira mu bujurire, igika 96, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kamuhanda mu bujurire, igika 243. 261 BBJ avuga ko yari « hafi cyane » ya bariyeri. N’ubwo avuga ko atazi uko bapima intera muri metero, yaragereranyije avuga ko ashobora kuba yari nko ku ntera ya metero imwe uvuye kuri iyo bariyeri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 16-17. 298/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 119 5. PARUWASI YA KIZIGURO, TARIKI YA 11 MATA 1994 5.1 Intangiriro 234. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko hafi y’itariki ya 11 Mata 1994, Gatete yategetse abantu gukora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi byabereye ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, arabihagarikira, kandi na we ubwe akora ibyo bikorwa. Abo basiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwaga mu bihumbi bari barahungiye kuri icyo kigo cyari kigizwe na kiriziya n’ibitaro. Bafashijwe n’abasirikare benshi bo mu ngabo za Leta y’icyo gihe bitwaje imbunda, ndetse na Gasigwa Karangwa na Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe z’i Kiziguro, Gatete n’itsinda rye ry’Interahamwe bishe urugi rw’umuryango winjira ku kiriziya, bategeka impunzi z’Abatutsi gusohoka maze barazica. Zimwe muri izo mpunzi zategetswe gutwara imirambo ya bamwe mu bantu bari bishwe, ziyijyana mu cyobo rusange cyari hafi aho, nyuma na zo ziricwa imirambo yazo ijugunywa muri icyo cyobo. Icyo gitero cyahitanye ibihumbi by’Abatutsi bagizwe n’abana, abagore, n’abagabo barimo Karemera wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri, Munana wari umwarimu, Claver Karurange, Gapfizi n’umuvandimwe w’umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BCS. Mu kugaragaza ibyo avuga, Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe BBP, BBM, BUY, BVS, BBJ na BCS262.

235. Ubwunganizi ntibuhakana ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994 kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro hiciwe Abatutsi. Cyakora, buvuga ko Gatete atari ahari ubwo icyo gitero cyabaga, ndetse ko atigeze anahagera ikindi gihe icyo ari cyo cyose muri Mata uwo mwaka. Buvuga ahubwo ko Augustin Nkundabazungu, wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, ari we wayoboye 262 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 19, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 4, 39, 41-44, 47, 75, 86-88, 108, 115, 162, 168, 228-233, 258-329; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 2-5, 7, 13-14, 22. 297/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 120 abaturage b’abasiviri, barimo abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi z’impunzi zari aho hafi, maze bagatera Abatutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Bwongeraho ko abasirikare bari bamaze gutsindwa ku rugamba barimo guhunga na bo bagiye muri ubwo bwicanyi. Abandi bagize uruhare rukomeye mu gukoranya abagabye icyo gitero ndetse na bo bakakigiramo uruhare barimo umuliyetona w’umujandarume witwaga Pascal Habarurema na Gaspard Kamali wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kiziguro. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko icyo gitero kitari mu rwego rwa gahunda yateguwe, ko ahubwo cyatewe n’uko mu minsi yabanjirije ubwo bwicanyi hariho umwuka mubi wagendaga ututumba n’ibikorwa by’urugomo. Buhakana ko hari ibyaha byo gusambanya ku gahato byabereye kuri iyo paruwasi uwo munsi. Mu gushyigikira ibyo buvuga, Ubwunganizi bwifashisha ubuhamya bwatanzwe mu Rukiko na Jean Damascène Kampayana, Augustin Habakubaho n’abandi batangabuhamya biswe LA84, LA27 na LA32263. 5.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBP 236. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP ni Umututsi. Mu wa 1994 yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Ndatemwa, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, we n’abandi bantu bari hagati ya 2.000 na 4.000 bahungiye ubwicanyi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro muri 263 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 93, 238, 381-645, 1100-1102, 1105, 1173, 1189, 1200; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 38, 48-51. 296/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 121 Segiteri ya Kiziguro, Komine ya Murambi. Iyo paruwasi yari irinzwe n’abajandarume bari basanzwe bari muri Segiteri ya Ndatemwa264.

237. Ahagana ku itariki ya 10 Mata nyuma ya saa sita, Gatete, wari umukuru w’Interahamwe mu rwego rwa komine, yazanye na « Nkundabazungu » na we wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, « Kamali » n’abandi bantu, maze batwara abantu bo mu muryango wa « Kibaruta »265.

238. Bwakeye mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata abajandarume bari barinze paruwasi bagiye. Impunzi zagerageje gukoresha amabuye ngo zisubize inyuma Interahamwe zageragezaga kurira inkuta z’igipangu. Nyuma yaho muri icyo gitondo, Gatete yagarutse aho hantu ayoboye itsinda rigizwe na Kamali, Nkundabazungu, Interahamwe, n’abasirikare maze umukozi w’aho kuri paruwasi arabinjiza. Abasirikare binjiye mu gipangu cya paruwasi bashakisha Inkotanyi mu mpunzi, naho Gatete n’abandi basigara 264 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 1 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 14-17, 35, 37, 47-48, 57. 265 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 16-18, 47, 49-50. Urugereko rusanze BBP nyuma agira ati « nk’uko bavuga, mu bapolisi ba Komine nabonye Kamali na Nkundabazungu gusa. Abandi bagabye icyo gitero ni Interahamwe, n’abandi baturage ntashoboye kumenya ». Cyakora, iyo umuntu asuzumye ibi umutangabuhamya avuze azirikana ubuhamya bwose yatanze n’ikibazo yasubizaga, biragaragara ko BBP atashakaga kuvuga ko Kamali na Nkundabazungu bari abapolisi ba Komine. Yasubizaga ikibazo gikurikira cyabajijwe n’Uwunganira Uregwa : « Interahamwe n’abapolisi na bo bubahirije ayo mabwiririza. Si byo ? » Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 200, urup. 42. 295/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 122 hanze. Impunzi zidafite indangamuntu zavanywe mu zindi birangiye abasirikare basohoka mu gipangu266.

239. Nyuma y’iminota itagera kuri itanu, ba basirikare bagarukanye na Gatete maze abaha amabwiriza yo gutwara umugabo witwaga Munana washinjwaga kuba afite radiyo avuganiraho n’Inkotanyi. Munana yanze kugenda, Gatete yaravuze ngo « Ntimureba ? Ubwo Munana yanze kugenda, turabica mwese». Nyuma baje gusohora Munana maze Gatete aha Interahamwe amabwiriza yo kwica impunzi zose zari imbere muri paruwasi « kugira ngo bene wazo nibaza batazatsinda amatora ». Mu gihe Interahamwe zagabaga igitero ku mpunzi zikoresheje intwaro zinyuranye, uyu mutangabuhamya yaryamye hasi. Zimwe mu mpunzi zicishijwe amasasu naho izindi zicishwa imipanga, amacumu cyangwa inkoni. Impunzi zakomeje kuza muri icyo gitondo zuriye inkuta na zo zarishwe. Mu bagabye icyo gitero harimo abantu bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi z’impunzi za Bidudu, Muvumba, Ngarama, Kiyombe na Mutara267.

240. Hagati muri icyo gitero, Gatete yategetse abari bakigabye kuba bagihagaritse kugira ngo bashobore kuvana mu mpunzi Abahutu bari bakizirimo. Babwiye Abahutu guhaguruka. BBP na we yarahagurutse akeka ko nta cyo bari bumutware ariko baramutahura, we n’abandi bantu maze babategeka gutwara imirambo yari aho kuri paruwasi bakayijyana ku cyobo cyakoreshwaga nk’imva rusange cyari nko muri metero ziri hagati ya 500 na 600 uvuye kuri icyo gipangu. Ubwo yari ajyanye umurambo kuri icyo cyobo awukuye ku rugi rw’igipangu, yari akurikiwe n’abagabye igitero. Abonye ko impunzi zarimo 266 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 17-20, 37-38, 42, 57. BBP ntiyari kure y’urugi rw’igipangu, bityo akaba yarabonye abantu bari bahagaze hanze y’igipangu barimo na Gatete. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 19-20. 267 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 18-19, 20 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 21-23, 36, 38- 39, 42, 43 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo). 294/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 123 gukuraho imirambo na zo zicwaga, yasimbukiye muri icyo cyobo agerageza kurokora amagara ye. Ubwicanyi bwarakomeje hashira umwanya kubera ko hari indi mirambo yakomeje kujugunywa muri icyo cyobo. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaje guta ubwenge asigara atakimenya niba ari ku manywa cyangwa nijoro. Yaje kurokorwa n’abasirikare b’Inkotanyi, bavuze ko yari amaze muri icyo cyobo iminsi igera kuri itandatu. Muri icyo cyobo havanywemo abantu 11 bakiri bazima, ariko barindwi gusa muri bo ni bo ubu bakiriho268. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBM 241. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM ni Umututsi. Mu wa 1994 yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Gakoni, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, yahungiye ku biro bya MSF (Umuryango w’Abaganga Batagira Imipaka), uwo muryango ukaba warafashaga impunzi z’Abatutsi zo muri Kiyombe. We n’izindi mpunzi baje kuvanwa aho hantu bajyanwa mu kigo cy’imfubyi cy’i Gakoni. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, abajandarume bavanye uyu mutangabuhamya n’izindi mpunzi z’Abatutsi zigera kuri 50 muri icyo kigo, babajyana kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro aho izindi mpunzi ziri hagati ya 3.000 na 4.000 zari zahungiye ibitero zagabwagaho n’Abahutu269. 268 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 21-25, 38. Avuga amazina ya bamwe mu bantu barokotse nka Rugigana, Ntaganira na Bushayija. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20

Ukwakira 2009, imp. 25-26. Anavuga ko abasirikare bamurokoye ari « abasirikare ba Guverinoma iriho y’igihugu cyacu ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 25. 269 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 4 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 58-60, 62-66, 74. BBM anavuga ko mu kiriziya hari impunzi nka 3.000, naho hanze yayo hari nka 50 ariko ziri mu gipangu cya paruwasi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 67. 293/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 124 242. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, hagati ya saa tatu na saa tanu za mu gitondo, Gatete yinjiye mu gipangu cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ari kumwe n’abasirikare bo mu mutwe warindaga Perezida na Nkundabazungu wari umubitsi wa Komine. Icyo gihe, batwaye abarimu babiri ari bo Munana na Karemera270.

243. Hashize nk’iminota icumi, Gatete yagarukanye na Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare maze ategeka Interahamwe zari ku muhanda uri inyuma y’urukuta rw’igipangu « gutsembatsemba impunzi kugira ngo bene wazo nibaza bazasange nta Mututsi ukiriho». Interahamwe, zarutaga ubwinshi cyane Impunzi, zinjiye mu gipangu cya Paruwasi zibwira impunzi kuryama hasi. Zari zitwaje imipanga, amahiri, n’amashoka, maze zitangira kugaba igitero ku mpunzi. Igitero kimaze nk’iminota icumi gitangiye, uyu mutangabuhamya bamujombye ikintu mu mugongo, nyuma bagenda bamukurura hasi bamujugunya mu cyobo gifite nka metero 50 z’ibujyakuzimu, cyari nko kuri metero 100 uvuye aho ku kiriziya. Muri icyo cyobo hanajugunywemo indi mirambo. Ntiyashoboye gukurikirana ibyakurikiyeho. Yamaze hafi icyumweru muri icyo cyobo mbere y’uko arokorwa n’Inkotanyi ku wa gatandatu wakurikiyeho. BBM ari mu bantu 14 bavanywe muri icyo cyobo bakarokoka, ariko muri abo barindwi gusa ni bo bakiriho271. 270 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 64-67, 75, 77. BBP yari ahagaze « hepfo ya kiriziya » hafi y’umuryango ujya mu gipadiri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 65. 271 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 66, 67 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 68, 70, 84. Icyo cyobo cyari « hepfo y’ikigo cy’amashuri abanza ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

68. BBM yaguye muri icyo cyobo nko muri metero 30. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

84. Avuga amazina ya bamwe mu barokotse ari bo Said, Bushayija, Mukabideri, Jacques na Rugigana. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

70. Urugereko rusanga mu mwaka wa 1994 ku wa gatandatu wakurikiye itariki ya 11 Mata hari ku itariki ya 16 Mata. 292/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 125 Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BUY 244. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY ni Umututsikazi, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umunyeshuri aba muri Segiteri ya Nyabisindu, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo, yahunganye na nyina bajya mu rugo rw’inshuti kubera ko Interahamwe zari zimaze kwica Abatutsi bo ku musozi bari batuyeho. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 8 Mata, bagiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro bagerayo ku itariki ya 11 Mata saa kumi n’ebyiyi za mu gitondo, maze bahasanga izindi mpunzi zibarirwa hagati ya 3.000 na 3.500. Inyinshi muri izo mpunzi zari mu kiriziya imbere. Mu mbuga yo mu gipadiri hari impunzi zibarirwa hagati ya 200 na 300. Abo bantu bose bari barahunze ibitero n’ubwicanyi Interahamwe zakoraga mu duce tw’iwabo272.

245. Mu masaa tatu za mu gitondo, hashize akanya gato BUY yinjiye mu kiriziya, Interahamwe zarahaje zinyuze mu irembo rya kiriziya rirebana no mu gipadiri. Zategetse impunzi gusohoka mu kiriziya maze zizigejeje hanze zitwara umwarimu witwaga Munana zashinjaga ko afite icyuma avuganiraho n’Inkotanyi. Zanatandukanyije Abahutu n’Abatutsi maze zitangira gusahura ibintu by’impunzi. Nyuma yaho, Gatete yazanye na Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare. Yahagaze ku muryango w’igipangu abwira Interahamwe guhagarika ibyo kwiba, zigatangira kwica impunzi kugira ngo Inkotanyi niziza « zitazagira n’umwe zisanga ». Amaze kuvuga ayo magambo, yaragiye ariko Interahamwe n’abasirikare bo basigara aho273. 272 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 6 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 54-55, 58, 65-66, 71. 273 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 55-57, 58 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 59, 68, 71, 73- 74, 76-77. BUY avuga ko impunzi nta masaha zari zambaye kugira ngo zibe zashobora kumenya neza igihe, ariko avuga ko agereranije hari nka saa tatu za mu gitondo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 56. 291/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 126 246. Nyuma yaho, abasirikare bagose impunzi maze bazitegeka kuryama hasi. Abagabye icyo gitero bari bagizwe n’Interahamwe n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bari benshi kandi banyanyagiye hirya no hino mu mpunzi, nuko baziraramo bakoresheje imipanga, amacumu n’ibibando. BUY yarahondaguwe, aza ndetse gukubitwa ikintu mu mutwe. Mu masaa yine n’igice za mu gitondo, imirambo y’abishwe yari itangiye kuba myinshi. Uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bakiri bato bategetswe gutunda iyo mirambo bayijyana ku cyobo cyari nko muri metero 500 uvuye aho mu mbuga yo mu gipadiri. Gutunda iyo mirambo byamaze umunsi wose kandi icyo gitero cyarakomeje kugera nimugoroba274.

247. Interahamwe zanafashe abagore n’abakobwa, zibajyana hafi aho maze zibasambanya ku gahato. Nyuma humvikanye induru z’abantu batakiraga aho hantu. BUY yari azi babiri muri abo bagore Interahamwe zatwaye kandi umwe muri bo yarapfuye naho undi ararokoka. Uwo mugore warokotse yatekerereje BUY « uko byamugendekeye ». Igihe ibyo byabaga, BUY ntiyabonye Gatete275.

248. Mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa, BUY amaze kuva hafi y’icyo cyobo, yabonye Gatete mu mbuga ya paruwasi ari kumwe n’abasirikare n’Interahamwe. Icyo gihe, Gatete yabajije abagabye igitero umubare w’Abatutsi basigaye kuko Inkotanyi zagendaga zisatira aho hantu. Yarababwiye ngo nibakoranye abo Batutsi babajyane kuri cya cyobo. Abo Batutsi biciwe kuri icyo cyobo maze bajugunywamo. BUY yarokowe n’uko hari Interahamwe yari inshuti ya musaza we yamubonye iramumenya, ibwira izindi ko se [w’umutangabuhamya] ari Umuhutu maze imukiza ityo. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye 274 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 59-62, 68, 72-74, 77. 275 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 61-62, 75. 290/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 127 kuri paruwasi mu masaa kumi n’imwe n’igice z’umugoroba ubwicanyi bugikomeza kandi ntiyongeye kubona Gatete276. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BVS 249. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS ni Umututsikazi, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, Abahutu batangiye kwica Abatutsi, BVS yahunganye n’abana be babiri bato bajya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Bageze kuri paruwasi uwo munsi nyuma ya saa sita, BVS yabonye Gatete ari kumwe n’abajandarume na Karemera wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri abanza muri Murambi. Gatete yabajije aho umugabo w’uyu mutangabuhamya ari maze Karemera amubwira ko yishwe. Karemera yari afite urutonde rw’amazina, ahita acisha umurongo mu izina ry’umugabo w’uyu mutangabuhamya ryari kuri urwo rutonde. Umupadiri witwa Mubyarihehe yinjije uyu mutangabuhamya mu kiriziya naho Gatete n’abandi basigara hanze. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaraye aho ku kiriziya277.

250. Bukeye mu gitondo ku itariki ya 9 Mata, BVS yumvise abantu barimo kwicirwa hanze y’igipangu cya paruwasi. Impunzi zakomeje kuza ziturutse ahantu hanyuranye harimo Gakoni na Muhurura. Muri icyo gitondo, Gatete yagarutse kuri icyo gipangu avugana n’abajandarume arangije aragenda ariko BVS ntiyumvise ibyo bavuganye. Bukeye mu 276 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 59 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 60-61 (ahantu bajyanye impunzi zari zisigaye ngo bazice hari nko kuri metero ziri hagati ya 100 na 150 uvuye kuri icyo cyobo), 62, 65-67, 73, 75-77. BUY yemeza ko ababyeyi be bombi mu by’ukuri bari Abatutsi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 65-66. 277 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 7 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 1-4, 14, 22, 33. BVS avuga ko yumva abajandarume bari kuri paruwasi kugira ngo barinde impunzi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 4. 289/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 128 gitondo ku itariki ya 10 Mata, Gatete yaragarutse avugana n’abapadiri babiri muri icyo gipangu. BVS yahise yinjira mu kiriziya bityo ntiyumva ibyo bavuga. Uwo munsi, abo bapadiri bavuye aho kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro278.

251. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, mu gipangu cya kiriziya hari hamaze kugera impunzi zibarirwa mu 3.000. Mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri cyangwa saa moya za mu gitondo, ubwo BVS yari asohotse mu kiriziya ajyanye abana be kwituma, yongeye kubona Gatete ahagaze ku muryango wa kiriziya, arebamo imbere arangije aragenda. Mu masaa yine cyangwa saa tanu za mu gitondo ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yari hafi ya alitari, abasirikare binjiye mu kiriziya. Umwe muri abo basirikare yabwiye impunzi ngo niziririmbe indirimbo yo gushyingura. Icyo gihe barimo gusohora impunzi bazijyana mu mbuga. Abahutu bari mu mpunzi babavanyemo, batandukanya abagabo n’abagore maze babwira abagabo kuvanamo imyenda bakaryama hasi. Mu gihe ibyo byabaga, Gatete yari ahagaze ku muryango munini w’igipangu ari kumwe na Nkundabazungu na Karekezi bari abakozi ba komine, ndetse n’abasirikare n’Interahamwe. BVS yabonaga Gatete ariko adashobora kumva ibyo avuga. We yibwiraga ko Gatete agiye kubuza abagabye icyo gitero gukomeza, ariko si ko byagenze kuko ahubwo yakoze ikimenyetso n’ikiganza maze Interahamwe, zari nyinshi, zihita zirara mu mpunzi zikoresheje intwaro gakondo zinyuranye. Ubwo bwicanyi bwarakomeje kugera ku mugoroba kandi icyo gihe cyose Gatete yari ahari279. 278 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 4-5, 14-16. 279 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 5-7, 16 -19, 21, 23-24, 34. Nyuma BVS avuga ko mu gipangu hari abantu bagera ku 1.000, ariko ko atazi umubare w’abari mu kiriziya imbere. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

18. Aho yari ahagaze yashoboraga kureba neza ku muryango w’igipangu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 21. 288/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 129 252. Mu masaa munani z’amanywa, ubwicanyi bwarakomeje n’imvura itangira kugwa. BVS yagumye hafi yo mu gipadiri. Igitero cyenda kurangira, we n’abandi bagore n’abana bajyanywe ku cyobo cyari nko muri metero 50 uvuye ku gipangu cya paruwasi. Bamwe bahatiwe guterura imirambo y’abishwe bayijyana kuri icyo cyobo. Uyu mutangabuhamya ava mu gipangu, yanyuze iruhande rwa Gatete wari kumwe n’abasirikare n’Interahamwe bagenda basunika impunzi banazikubita inzira yose. Bageze ku cyobo, Interahamwe zabirayemo zibicisha imipanga maze zijugunya imirambo yabo muri icyo cyobo. Uyu mutangabuhamya, wari utwite icyo gihe, yituye hasi nyuma y’uko abagabye igitero baciye umutwe umugore wari iruhande rwe. Abagabye igitero baketse ko BVS yapfuye maze baramwihorera. Interahamwe zakomeje kujugunya imirambo muri icyo cyobo. Nimugoroba, ubwo na we yari agiye kujugunywa muri icyo cyobo, BVS yubuye umutwe maze imwe mu Nterahamwe iramumenya imujyana iwayo mu rugo280.

253. Interahamwe zanasambanyirije ku gahato abakobwa mu busitani buto bwari hafi y’amazu ya paruwasi zirangije zirabica. Mu bakobwa benshi basambanyijwe ku gahato, BVS yari azimo babiri, ari bo uwitwa Nyiranuna n’uwitwa Nyirankundabagwira kandi bombi barishwe281. 280 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 6-8, 20-22 Ntibamutegetse guterura umurambo kuko atari afite imbaraga kandi yari kumwe n’abana be. Abo bana « barahondaguwe » ariko ntibicwa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

22. Icyo cyobo cyari kirekire cyane, kikaba cyari cyaracukuwe mbere cyane ya Mata 1994 ngo kijye kijyamo amazi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

8. Ntasobanura ukuntu iyo Nterahamwe yari imuzi. 281 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 9-10, 20-21. 287/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 130 Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBJ 254. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBJ ni Umututsikazi, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, mu masaa moya za mu gitondo, yageze kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ari kumwe n’abana be babiri nyuma y’igitero cyagabwe n’Interahamwe zari kuri bariyeri yari i « Rwimiterere». Ku mugoroba wo ku munsi ubanziriza uwo, ubwo yari yihishe hafi ya bariyeri y’i Nyagasambu, yumvise Gatete aha Interahamwe amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi no kubakoranyiriza kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ngo bazabice ku wa mbere ukurikiraho. Ageze kuri paruwasi, yahasanze abandi bantu bageze ku 2.000 bari bahahungiye kandi abenshi muri bo bari Abatutsi. Hari n’Interahamwe nyinshi zitegereje ko igihe kigera ngo zigabe igitero282.

255. Kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro hari umupadiri w’umuzungu witwaga « Mariano » na Padiri Pierre Mbyariyehe wari Interahamwe. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata, nka saa yine za mu gitondo, abo bapadiri bavuye kuri iyo paruwasi. Mbere yo kugenda, Padiri Mbyariyehe yabwiye impunzi kwinjira mu kiriziya zikicuza ibyaha maze azifungiranamo. Agiye yasize akinguye urugi rugana mu mbuga y’imbere mu gipangu kugira ngo Interahamwe zize gushobora kugera ku mpunzi283.

256. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata, mu masaa tatu z’ijoro, Gatete yaje kuri paruwasi ari mu ikamyoneti y’umutuku yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota. Yumvise ko Gatete yaje, BBJ yarasohotse ajya mu mbuga. Ari ku muryango w’inyuma wa kiriziya, we n’abandi bantu babonye Gatete n’Interahamwe bateraniye mu mbuga imbere y’ibiro bya padiri. Gatete yatanze ibinyobwa byinshi, anabwira Interahamwe ko zigomba kuba « maso » kugira ngo 282 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 15 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 11-13, 15-18, 20-23, 59-61, 68. Reba na II.4. 283 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 20-21, 62. 286/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 131 zishobore « kugera» ku « ntego » yazo. Abo bantu bagabye igitero baraye aho baririmba, babyina, bananywa, kandi Gatete yahavuye bukeye mu gitondo284.

257. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, mu masaa yine za mu gitondo, BBJ yumvise haza amapikipiki. Abajepe barongojwe imbere na Nkundabazungu wari « wungirije » Gatete kandi afite n’imbunda, binjiye mu kiriziya. Abo bajepe babwiye Interahamwe gutangira kwica « bahereye ku » mugenzuzi w’amashuri witwaga Munana n’umwarimu witwaga Karemera. Abo bagabo bombi basohowe mu kiriziya ndetse n’izindi mpunzi zisohorwamo ku gahato. Impunzi zasohotse ziririmba indirimbo yo gushyingura285.

258. Umutangabuhamya BBJ ageze hanze yabonye Gatete mu mbuga. Abagabye igitero bategetse impunzi kwicara hasi maze baziraramo bakoresheje ferabeto [metal bars] n’imipanga. Bakubise uyu mutangabuhamya ferabeto, naho abana be barabica. Mu kugerageza kwiyahura, yasimbukiye mu kigega cy’amazi cyari cyaracukuwe mu mbuga ya paruwasi, ariko arokorwa n’abandi bantu na bo bari basimbukiyemo. Aho yari muri icyo kigega, yumvise Gatete ashimira abagabye igitero. Yarababwiye ngo « bavaneho umwanda » nibarangiza « bajye mu kabari » bafate « ibihembo » byabo. Ku munsi wakurikiyeho, bwenda gucya mu masaa cyenda, abantu bamufashije kuva muri cya 284 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 16, 18-19, 20 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 22, 62-64. Umutangabuhamya BBJ nyuma yavuze ko yabonye Gatete ari kumwe n’Interahamwe kuva saa kumi za nimugoroba. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 64. 285 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22, 24-25, 65-66, 71. BBJ avuga ko Nkundabazungu ari we wari «ruharwa kuko ari we wari ufite imbunda », kandi ko « bakinguye urugi rw’igipangu ngo bice impunzi, Nkundabazungu yari ku isonga y’abasohoye abantu ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 25. 285/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 132 kigega cy’amazi agenda yerekeza mu Mutara. Ni umwe mu bantu barindwi bari basimbukiye muri icyo kigega ariko bane gusa ni bo barokotse286. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BCS 259. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS ni Umututsi, mu wa 1994 akaba yarigaga mu mashuri yisumbuye atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi, Komine ya Murambi. Kubera igitero cyagabwe iwabo mu rugo ku itariki ya 7 Mata akagikomerekeramo, mu ijoro ryo ku itariki nk’iya 8 Mata abaturanyi bamujyanye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, bamusiga mu kumba gato k’ibiro bya padiri mu gipangu cya paruwasi maze amarayo iminsi nk’ibiri cyangwa itatu287.

260. Hafi y’itariki ya 11 Mata, hagati ya saa tatu na saa yine za mu gitondo, yabonye mukuru we n’umwarimu witwaga Karemera ndetse n’undi muntu wa gatatu atashoboye kumenya. BCS yareberaga mu kadirishya gato k’ibiro bya padiri. Yanabonye Gatete afite masotera ari kumwe n’abasirikare barimo gukubita abantu. Gatete yarimo gusunika abo bantu batatu akoresheje ikibuno cy’iyo masotera ye aberekeza ku muhanda munini ahari agashyamba. Ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yari aryamye ku musambi we, yumvise urusaku rw’amasasu ruturutse muri ka gashyamba. Yumvise kandi n’induru y’abantu batakaga n’imiriri y’abantu bahitaga aho hantu. Yamaze kuri paruwasi iminsi nk’itatu 286 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22-25, 60-61, 63, 65, 67-69. 287 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 5 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009 imp. 1-3, 9-18, 22-23, 26, 30-31, 35, 38. Reba II.3.3.iii. 284/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 133 kugeza ubwo abasirikare b’Inkotanyi bahamusanze bakamujyana ku bitaro by’i Gahini. Ntiyongeye kubona bashiki be bari barahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro288. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA84 261. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA84 ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umwarimu atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, amaze kumenya inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida, yavuye mu rugo nyuma gato ya saa kumi n’imwe cyangwa saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo agiye kugura ibiribwa, ariko asanga abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi z’impunzi zari aho hafi basahuye iduka. Yanabonye umurambo ku muhanda ujya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, maze atashye asanga undi murambo imbere y’inzu ye. Yagumye mu rugo kugera nka saa munani cyangwa saa cyenda z’amanywa, nyuma ajya ku gasanteri k’ubucuruzi. Kugeza icyo gihe, muri ako gace ibikorwa by’imvururu byakorwaga n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bayobowe na Nkundabazungu wari umukozi wa komine kandi wabaga buri gihe ari kumwe n’uwitwa Kamashu. Abandi bantu babigizemo uruhare ni Juma Emmanuel, Mapengu, n’abayobozi bo muri ako gace nka Kamali wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kiziguro. Umugabo witwa Nyirangegene na Valens Byansi wari Perezida w’ishyaka rya CRD muri 288 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 14-18, 28-29, 31, 36, 38. Mu ibaza

rinyomoza, BCS yatanze ibisobanuro birambuye, avuga ngo « narabutswe Gatete asunika abo bantu imbere ye abajyanye ku muhanda munini ahantu hari agashyamba, nyuma numva isasu riravuze. Iryo sasu ryari iry’imbunda nto ntiryasakuje cyane, bityo numva ko ari we urashe. Yasunikaga abo bantu imbere ye akoresheje ikibuno cya masotera ye. Ni yo mpamvu isasu rivuze numvise ko ari we ubarashe ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 36. 283/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 134 Komine ya Murambi, n’umucuruzi witwaga Mbuguji na bo bari mu bagize uruhare muri izo mvururu289.

262. Ku itariki ya 8 n’iya 9 Mata, LA84 yagarutse kuri ka gasanteri aho abantu benshi bari bateraniye batewe impungenge n’ukuntu ibintu byari byifashe. Impunzi zo mu nkambi ya Bugarura zari zaje «ari zo zigenzura ibintu» kandi hanavugwaga ko Abatutsi bo mu karere ka Kiziguro barimo guhungira kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Haje n’abasirikare batsinzwe ku rugamba cyangwa abarutorotse290.

263. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, kuri ako gasanteri haje imodoka ebyiri z’uwitwa Mbuguje n’indi y’uwitwa Valens Byansi. Nkundabazungu na we yari ahari maze aha abantu amabwiriza yo kujya i Gakoma muri izo modoka cyangwa bakajyayo n’amaguru. Uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bubahirije ayo mabwiriza kuko iyo babyanga bashoboraga kwicwa. Bageze ahantu hari urutoki, bagabye igitero maze bica umugabo witwa Karake n’abantu bo mu muryango we. Nyuma barakomeje bajya i Gikoma n’i Bugarura aho bishe abantu bakanakomeretsa abandi bakoresheje imbunda n’intwaro zifite ubugi. Kamashu na Kamali ni bo bari ku isonga ry’icyo gitero bafatanyije n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara. Abategetsi nta cyo bashoboye gukora kuko muri icyo gihe batari bagifite ijambo muri ako karere291. 289 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 54 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 36-39, 41, 45, 48-49, 51-55, 58, 74. Inkambi ya Bidudu n’iya Rwakirenga zari hafi ya Kiziguro. Abantu babaga mu nkambi babagaho mu buzima bugoye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 46-48, 58. Muri Komine ya Murambi no mu nkengero zayo hari abantu benshi bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 46, 54-55. 290 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 56-58. 291 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 58-60, 71. 282/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 135 264. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata ku muhanda ujya i Kayonza hari abasirikare benshi, bituma abantu benshi bagira ubwoba, cyane cyane Abatutsi. Mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata, LA84 yagarutse kuri ka gasanteri ahasanga imbaga y’abantu kubera ko inkambi z’impunzi zari zasenywe. Hari hateraniye kandi n’abasirikare bakomeretse. Abandi basirikare bageze aho baturutse i Ndatemwa aho bari bakambitse kandi bazanye na Pascal Habarurema wari umukuru wa Jandarumori ku rwego rw’igihugu. Mu masaa tatu cyangwa saa yine za mu gitondo, Nkundabazungu, Kamali, Mbuguje, Byansi n’abandi bantu baraje babwira abantu bose kujya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ahari hahungiye Abatutsi benshi. Uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bubahirije ayo mabwiriza kubera ko abasirikare babashyizeho iterabwoba bakoresheje imbunda. Bageze kuri iyo paruwasi, babwiwe ko bagomba kwica abantu barimo imbere292.

265. Mu gipangu cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro hari abantu babarirwa hagati ya 450 na 500, kandi n’ubwo atinjiye imbere mu kiriziya, uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko agereranije harimo nk’impunzi ziri hagati ya 400 na 500. Nkundabazungu yaraje arasa ku rugi rwa kiriziya, nyuma abasirikare baraza bararukingura. Icyo gihe, inyinshi mu mpunzi z’Abatutsi zari mu gipadiri imbere y’amacumbi y’abapadiri. LA84 avuga ko yumva Munana wari Perezida w’ishyaka rya PL muri Komine ya Murambi anigisha ku kigo cy’amashuri abanza cya Murambi yari mu gipadiri, ariko ntiyagiye kureba ibyahaberaga. Yumvise bavuga ko Munana ari mu bantu ba mbere biciwe imbere y’amacumbi y’abapadiri mu gipangu cya paruwasi293. 292 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 60-63 (abajandarume bambaraga ingofero z’umutuku, naho abasirikare b’ingabo z’u Rwanda bakambara iz’umukara), 64, 71-73; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 14-15. 293 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 40-41, 61-62, 64, 67-70, 73-76; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13-14. LA84 ahageze yari ahantu harebana n’umuryango wa kiriziya. 281/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 136 266. Muri icyo gitero, Konseye Kamali yajyanye Abahutu bamwe ku ruhande ngo baticwa. Nkundabazungu na we hari abagore n’abana yatoranyije mu bandi abajyana mu mbuga y’ikigo cy’amashuri abanza hepfo ya kiriziya maze abasirikare n’Interahamwe babarindirayo, ariko nyuma baza kwicwa kubera amabwiriza yatanze. Nkundabazungu wayoboye ibitero muri ako karere kose « yarigaragazaga cyane » mu bagabaga ibitero bose, kandi ni we wari « ku isonga » y’icyo gitero. Pascal Habarurema yari ayoboye abajandarume n’abasirikare kandi abajandarume na bo batangaga amategeko. « Abashungerezi » bari benshi baruta abari bagabye icyo gitero bagizwe n’abasirikare, abajandarume, abaturage bo muri ako gace, n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara294.

267. Impunzi zicishijwe imipanga n’imbunda, zimwe mu mbuga naho izindi zicwa ubwo zageragezaga guhunga. Bamwe mu Batutsi bategetswe gutwara imirambo y’abandi Batutsi bene wabo bayijyana ku cyobo rusange cyari « hepfo » y’ikibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, kandi na bo baje kwicwa. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagumye imbere ya paruwasi kugeza ubwicanyi burangiye hagati yo mu masaa cyenda na saa kumi z’igicamunsi. Ntiyigeze abona abagore cyangwa abakobwa basambanywa ku gahato295. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 66; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 56 (ifoto ya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro yahawe No 1). 294 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 67-69, 70 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 71, 73 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 74-75. 295 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 70 («Hari abantu bamwe bajyanywe ku cyobo rusange, kandi akenshi bajyanwaga na bene wabo b’Abatutsi. Bageraga kuri icyo cyobo abagabye igitero bakica abo bantu bajyanyweyo n’ababajyanyeyo kuko ayo matsinda yombi yari agizwe n’Abatutsi »), 74-75; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 12 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo). 280/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 137 268. Umutangabuhamya LA84 avuye kuri paruwasi yagiye mu rugo rw’umuntu bari basanzwe baziranye, nyuma anyura kuri cya cyobo rusange bari bajugunyemo imirambo y’abantu bari bishwe, yumva abantu banihiramo. Aho hantu hari huzuye amaraso. Bukeye mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, yasubiye kuri ka gasanteri, umugore umwe araza amusaba kumufasha maze [LA84] agemurira umukobwa w’Umututsikazi wari mu bitaro. Bamubwiye ko na we ashobora kwicwa kuko yarimo gufasha Inyenzi. Nyuma yaho yahungiye muri Tanzaniya296. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA27 269. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA27 ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yari moniteragiri atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo ni ho yamenye inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida. Mu masaa yine cyangwa saa tanu za mu gitondo, imvururu zari zatangiye muri Serire ya Mulinga. Uwo munsi yagiye mu bitero, bakubita umuntu umwe undi baramwica297.

270. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, Burugumesitiri Mwange yatwaye impunzi z’Abatutsi mu modoka azivana mu kigo cy’imfubyi cya Gakoni azijyana kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Mu masaa kumi z’igicamunsi, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye ku gasanteri ka Agatovu muri Serire ya Mulinga, nyuma aza kubona Interahamwe yica umugabo witwaga Kanyamupira bitaga Umututsi. Bukeye, LA27 yagiye mu gikorwa cyo gusahura iduka. Muri ako gace, 296 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 77; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 2. 297 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 57 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 25, 27-28, 35, 60-61, 64. LA27 amaze kwirega icyaha yahamijwe icyaha cyo kujya mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro maze akatirwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 24. Yafunzwe imyaka 12 n’amezi icyenda. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 29-31, 55, 59. 279/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 138 ibitero byayobowe na Augustin Nkundabazungu wari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe muri Komine ya Murambi, n’abasirikare. Martin Kamana yayoboye Interahamwe mu rwego rwa segiteri. Banazanye abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara b’i Bidudu kugira ngo na bo bajye muri ibyo bitero298.

271. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, mu masaa tatu za mu gitondo, LA27 yashatse kuva muri ako gace ariko atangirwa n’abasirikare bakoranyaga abantu, barimo n’Interahamwe, bakabategeka kujya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Ni umwe mu bantu bagera kuri 300 biyongera ku basirikare nibura 50 bari bafite imbunda bagiye kuri paruwasi. Mu bagabye icyo gitero harimo Nkundabazungu wari ufite imbunda, Umuliyetona w’umujandarume witwaga Pascal Habarurema, Konseye Gaspard Kamali, umugabo witwaga Gatsinzi, n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bagera ku 150299.

272. Bageze ku kiriziya mu masaa yine n’iminota 40 za mu gitondo, abasirikare barashe ku rugi rw’igipangu ariko rwanga gukinguka. Umwe muri abo basirikare yaruriye arufungurira imbere maze uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu binjira mu gipadiri, nyuma binjira no mu kiriziya. Bagezemo imbere bahasanze impunzi zigera kuri 500 bazisohora ku gahato, izanze gusohoka abasirikare bazirasiramo300.

273. Impunzi zigeze hanze bazitegetse kwicara hasi, izanze barazirasa. Kamali yabonyemo Abahutu bake, by’umwihariko abakobwa babiri, maze arabajyana. Abandi Bahutu na bo 298 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 30-31, 33,35-36, 62-65. 299 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 37-38, 40-41, 43, 48-49, 65-66. 300 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 37-41, 43, 66-68, 70, 72-73. Kuri iyo foto, LA27 yerekanye urugi rw’icyo gipangu abasirikare barasheho. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup.

38. Reba ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 59 (ifoto No 3 ya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro) n’ikimenyetso gihamya No 61 na cyo cy’Ubwunganizi (ifoto No 4 ya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro). 278/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 139 bavanywe mu mpunzi z’Abatutsi maze birangiye izo mpunzi ziricwa. Muri izo mpunzi zishwe harimo François Munana wari wanze kwicara hasi. Nkundabazungu yamushyiriye abasirikare ngo bamuhate ibibazo, maze mu masaa tanu n’iminota 15 za mu gitondo baramurasa. Uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise amasasu abiri ariko ntiyashoboye kumenya uwayarashe. Interahamwe yitwaga Manirakora ni yo yakubise Munana umupanga iramuhorahoza. Munana yiciwe hafi y’ikigega cy’amazi kandi byabaye uyu mutangabuhamya ari nko ku ntera ya metero eshanu uvuye aho bamwiciye. Ubwicanyi bwarakomeje bugenda bunarushaho gukaza umurego. Kubera amategeko Nkundabazungu yari yatanze, uyu mutangabuhamya yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’umuntu umwe akoresheje igikoni301.

274. Mu masaa sita z’amanywa, imirambo y’abishwe yari itangiye kuba myinshi, Nkundabazungu, Liyetona Habarurema n’abasirikare bategetse abaturage b’abasiviri kuyitunda bakayijyana ku cyobo rusange cyari nko kuri metero ziri hagati ya 300 na 350 uvuye kuri paruwasi, hepfo y’ikibuga cy’umupira. Mu gihe cy’amasaha ageze kuri atatu, uyu mutangabuhamya yatwaye imirambo iri hagati ya 10 na 12 ayijyana kuri icyo cyobo rusange. Mu masaa saba z’amanywa, byaje kugaragara ko imirambo yagombaga kuvanwaho ari myinshi cyane maze bategeka n’abagabo b’Abatutsi gufasha abandi ariko bagera ku cyobo bo bagahita bicwa bakarohwa muri icyo cyobo. Hagati aho, Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare bari bafashe abagore b’Abatutsikazi babajyana ku kibuga, nyuma barabica na bo babajugunya muri icyo cyobo. Mu masaa kumi z’igicamunsi, 301 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 41-46, 60, 66-68, 70, 74; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010 p. 4. 277/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 140 Abatutsi bose bari bamaze kwicwa. Uyu mutangabuhamya nta mugore cyangwa umukobwa yigeze yumva ataka cyangwa abona asambanywa ku gahato302.

275. Igitero kimaze nk’amasaha ari hagati y’atatu n’ane gitangiye, uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko se wa BUY ari Umuhutu bityo amufasha guhunga. Ibyo yabitewe n’uko bombi bari barize ku kigo kimwe. Yamujyanye mu rugo rwa mwene wabo nyuma ntiyongera kumubona. Avuga ko yumva icyo gitero cyaramaze amasaha nk’atanu kuko abari basigaye kuri paruwasi banyuze ku rugo rwe mu masaa kumi z’igicamunsi. Ku itariki ya 14 Mata, LA27 yahungiye muri Tanzaniya303. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Jean-Damascène Kampayana 276. Jean-Damascène Kampayana ni Umuhutu w’umuforomo, mu wa 1994 akaba yarakoreraga Médecins Sans Frontières [Umuryango w’Abaganga Batagira Imipaka]. Kuva hagati muri Gashyantare 1993 kugera ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994, yabaga mu nkambi y’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara ya Bidudu, ikaba yari imwe mu nkambi z’impunzi zari muri Komine ya Murambi. Iyo nkambi yarimo abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babarirwa hagati ya 6.000 na 8.000, babagaho mu buzima bugoye. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata, Perezida Habyarimana amaze gupfa, abantu babaga muri iyo nkambi bagize ubwoba ko FPR izahabasanga304.

277. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, Nkundabazungu wari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe yaje muri iyo nkambi akorana inama n’Interahamwe nka 15. Iyo nama 302 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 46-50, 50-51, 55, 66, 71-72, 75-75. 303 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 49, 52-55. 304 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 62 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8, 10-12, 14-15, 19. Izindi nkambi eshatu z’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara ni iya Rwakirenga, iya Gikoma n’iya Kabukunga. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 14. 276/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 141 yabereye ku kibuga imbere y’aho ihema ry’uyu mutangabuhamya ryari riri. Hashize iminota icumi, Nkundabazungu yaragiye maze Interahamwe zijya mu misozi yo hafi aho, mu kugaruka ziza zifite ibintu zasahuye. Bukeye, bamwe mu bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bagiye gushaka ibiribwa, uyu mutangabuhamya we asigara aho acuruza byeri n’urwagwa. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, yagiye i Kiziguro gushaka ibiribwa, acumbika ku muntu bakoranaga wari utuye ku muhanda hafi y’ahantu bitaga kuri Chantier. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata mu masaa munani z’amanywa abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara baje i Kiziguro gusahura305.

278. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, ubwo yari mu nzira asubira mu nkambi ya Bidudu, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye abasirikare bakomeretse barakaye bari ku muhanda maze yinyurira mu kayira kajya mu nkambi. Mu nzira, yahuye n’Interahamwe zivuye mu nkambi zimubwira ko impunzi zatangiye guhungira ku gasozi ka Kiziguro kuko FPR yarimo irasa ibisasu mu gace kegereye inkambi yenda kuyifata. Umutangabuhamya yakomeje agana ku birindiro by’abajandurume byari i Ndatemwa. Abasirikare bari aho hantu ni bo babwiye abajandarume ko FPR yarimo kugenda isatira. Umuliyetona w’umujandarume witwa Pascal Habarurema n’abasirikare bategetse abantu bose banyuraga aho kujya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro306.

279. Kampayana yagiye kwa mugenzi we i Kiziguro ariko ntiyamusangayo. Yakomeje ajya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro agerayo saa tanu n’iminota cumi mu gitondo maze asanga Interahamwe n’abasirikare bagose igipangu cya paruwasi. Izo Nterahamwe zari zifite 305 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 19-24, 31, 34-35, 38, 50-51. Zimwe mu Nterahamwe zari muri iyo nama ni Djuma, Rukara, Nsabimana, Matoci, Gahinano, Bategire, Kazizi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 20, 50. Kampayana yari azi Nkundabazungu wari umukozi wa komine kandi yajyaga amubona ku isoko ryari hafi y’ibiro bya komine. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 22. 306 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 24-25, 38-39, 46-48, 52. 275/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 142 intwaro gakondo harimo n’izifite imbunda. Urugi rw’igipangu rwari rufunguye kandi kuri paruwasi hari nk’abantu babarirwa hagati ya 250 na 300. Inshuti ye yahasanze yamubwiye ko na bo babategetse kuza aho hantu. Yasanze abasirikare barimo gusohora ku gahato impunzi z’Abatutsi mu kiriziya, naho Nkundabazungu, wari ufite imbunda, ahagaze ku muryango wa kiriziya. Abasirikare n’abajandarume bari hanze ya kiriziya bategetse impunzi z’Abatutsi kwicara hasi. Umugabo umwe yanze kwicara hasi, Nkundabazungu amujyana ahantu mu nguni hari abasirikare. Hashize akanya gato uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise urusaku rw’amasasu. Icyo gihe yari ahagaze ku muryango aharebana n’« igikari » cya kiriziya. Nta ntwaro yari afite. Yagumye muri icyo gipangu kugeza ubwicanyi burangiye307.

280. Nyuma uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bategetswe gukuraho imirambo y’abishwe bayijyana ku cyobo rusange. Yakuye imirambo mu kiriziya kandi imbere hose hari huzuye amaraso. Hari imirambo myinshi cyane ku buryo n’abagabo b’Abatutsi bategetswe gufasha abandi. Bababwiye gukuramo amashati kugira ngo bajye bashobora kubamenya ku buryo bworoshye, kandi bajyaga ku cyobo rusange bashorewe n’abasirikare. Abo bagabo b’Abatutsi nta wongeye kubabona. Nkundabazungu, abasirikare, abajandarume, n’Interahamwe bafashe abagore b’Abatutsikazi bagera kuri 50 babajyana ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Nyuma uyu mutangabuhamya yaje kumva ko na bo babajyanye kuri cya cyobo rusange bakabica. Mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye mu rugo rw’inshuti ye. Uwo munsi, ntiyigeze abona hari 307 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 25-29, 33-36, 38, 40, 44-48, 52-57. N’ubwo Kampayana atashoboye kuvuga umubare w’abantu bari imbere mu kiriziya (inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 26), nyuma yaragereranije avuga ko mu gipangu hari abantu bari hagati ya 900 na 1.000 abariyemo n’abari bagabye icyo gitero barimo abagera ku 120 bafite intwaro na 40 batazifite. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 34, 54, 56. 274/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 143 umuntu usambanywa ku gahato aho ku kiriziya cyangwa ngo yumve ko byabayeho. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, Kampayana yahungiye muri Tanzaniya.308 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA32 281. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA32 ni Umuhutu, muri 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro, Komine ya Murambi. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, mu masaa tanu za mu gitondo, ubwo yari mu rugo yumvise urusaku rw’amasasu ruvugira mu cyerekezo cyo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Mu masaa tanu n’igice za mu gitondo, urusaku rwaragabanutse maze arasohoka ngo arebe aho rwavugiraga. Icyo gihe yahuye n’abantu babiri bari baziranye barajyanirana uwo muhanda wose. Bahuye n’abasirikare benshi na Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe mu rwego rwa komine akaba n’umubitsi wa komine. Nkundabazungu yababajije icyo bari bakoze muri icyo gitondo n’impamvu batari bafashije abandi gukura imirambo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, maze abategeka guhita bajyayo kandi umusirikare umwe yahawe amabwiriza yo kubaherekeza309.

282. Bageze ku kiriziya hagati ya saa saba na saa munani z’amanywa bahagarara imbere y’urugi rw’igipangu mu mbuga y’imbere kandi urwo rugi rwari rukinguye. Hanze y’igipangu hari abasirikare, abajandarume, n’Interahamwe. Abantu barenga 500 bari banyanyagiye hirya no hino, imbere ya kiriziya, ku ishuri, mu mbuga n’ahandi hantu. Muri icyo gipangu hari n’imbaga y’abasirikare, abajandarume n’Interahamwe. Abantu benshi barimo gutwara imirambo bayijyana ku cyobo, maze abasirikare bategeka LA32 gufasha abo bantu. Imirambo yari inyanyagiye mu kiriziya no mu gikari cyayo. 308 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 27, 28-33, 40-41, 43, 47, 53, 57. 309 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 67 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 48-50, 53, 60-61, 72. Jean Ntaganda yari umukuru w’Interahamwe ku rwego rwa segiteri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 88, 97. 273/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 144 Nkundabazungu, Konseye Kamali n’abasirikare bategetse kandi bakubita abantu barimo gufasha mu gutwara iyo mirambo, barimo uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi baturage bo muri ako gace, kugira ngo bayikureho vuba maze Inkotanyi niziza zizasange nta murambo n’umwe ugihari. Abagabo b’Abatutsi bavanyemo amashati na bo barimo gutunda iyo mirambo bayijyana ku cyobo, nyuma na bo baza kwicwa310.

283. Kugira ngo agere kuri icyo cyobo, uyu mutangabuhamya yagombaga kunyura mu gipangu, ku byumba by’amashuri, no ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru aho abagabye igitero bari bakoranyirije kandi bicaje abagore b’Abatutsikazi bagera ku 100 n’abana. Bari bacunzwe n’Interahamwe zigenzurwa na Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare. Uretse Nkundabazungu wari ufite imbunda, abandi « baturage » bari aho bari bafite intwaro gakondo311.

284. Hagati ya saa cyenda na saa cyenda n’igice z’amanywa bari barangije gutunda iyo mirambo bayijyana ku cyobo. Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare bagenzuye niba nta yindi mirambo iri mu ntoki no mu kiriziya. Mbere gato ya saa kumi z’igicamunsi, Nkundabazungu, abasirikare n’Interahamwe bamaze kubona ko nta murambo n’umwe usigaye, bajyanye ba bagore b’Abatutsikazi kuri cya cyobo babicirayo bakoresheje 310 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 56, 61-62, 67-68, 89-91, 94-95, 97-98. 311 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 70-71, 90-93, 97. Abasirikare bari batandukanye n’abajandarume kuko abasirikare bambaraga ingofero z’umukara naho abajandarume bakambara iz’umutuku. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup.

67. Abandi bantu bari bahari ni Laurent Ntaganda, Jean- Baptiste Ntaganda, Emmanuel Nkurunziza, Jean Damascène Kampayana, Fidèle Karangwa, Ngegene Habimana, Charles Rwabukwandi, Célestin Manirakora, François Nkuranga, Elias Ruzibiza, Pierre Sekamana na Elias Twahirwa Kadunguri. Valensi Byansi ni we watwaraga Interahamwe mu modoka azijyana « ahakorerwaga ubwicanyi ». « Eustache » yari umwe mu bayobozi b’abicanyi akaba n’umunyarugomo. Gakiga Nsenguyumva na we yari ahari kandi yateruye imirambo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 68-69, 95-98, 100. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 95. 272/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 145 imbunda n’intwaro gakondo. Icyo gihe LA32 yari iruhande rw’icyo cyobo. Uko abizi, mbere y’uko abo bagore bicwa nta muntu wari wigeze agira icyo abakoraho. Bamwe mu bana bicishijwe amahiri. Icyo gihe, abantu bose bari aho ku cyobo. Kuva uyu mutangabuhamya ageze aho hantu, ku cyobo hajyanywe nk’imirambo iri hagati ya 150 na 200. Yateruye imirambo nka 10, ava aho hantu nka saa kumi z’igicamunsi ubwicanyi bwarangiye. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, LA32 yahungiye muri Tanzaniya312. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Augustin Habakubaho 285. Augustin Habakubaho ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umusirikare mu ngabo z’u Rwanda ari muri kompanyi yitwa Etat-Major et Services mu karere k’imirwano ka Mutara. Yabaga mu kigo cya Gabiro muri Komine ya Murambi. Ako karere k’imirwano kayoborwaga na Liyetona Koloneli Léonard Nkundiye313.

286. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata, mu masaa tatu n’igice cyangwa saa yine z’ijoro, yabonye telegaramu ivuga ko Perezida yapfuye, n’uko Nkundiye ategeka abasirikare bose kurinda ikigo kugera mu gitondo. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Nkundiye yagiye mu nama y’abayobozi b’ingabo bose yabereye ku Ishuri Rikuru rya Gisirikare. Agarutse, yatangaje ko Jenerali Majoro Gatsinzi yagizwe umuyobozi mukuru w’ingabo w’agateganyo. Mu masaa moya n’igice cyangwa saa mbiri z’ijoro, humvikanye urusaku rw’amasasu, hashize nk’iminota 30 haza telegaramu ivuga ko Inkotanyi zagabye igitero ku ngabo z’u Rwanda zari i Muvumba, Ngarama, Gituza na Rurenge314. 312 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 71-76, 78, 80, 87-91, 93-94, 97, 100-101. 313 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 84 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro), inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 24-25, 27-29, 40, 43-46. 314 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 28-33, 45. 271/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 146 287. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, mu masaa moya cyangwa saa moya n’igice z’umugoroba, haje telegaramu ivuga ko FPR yafashe Muvumba, Ngarama na Gituza, bituma icyicaro cy’ubuyobozi bw’ingabo muri ako karere cyimurirwa i Murambi315.

288. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata haje telegaramu ivuga ko abasirikare b’i Kagitumba, Ryabega na Nyagatare bataye ibirindiro byabo bagakoranira i Gabiro. Mu masaa saba cyangwa saa munani z’ijoro, ikigo cya gisirikare cya Gabiro na cyo cyafashwe n’ingabo za FPR. Abasirikare batinye ko imihanda yaza gufungwa maze bafata ibirindiro ku dusozi twa Nyakayaga na Rwagitima. Kompanyi uyu mutangabuhamya yarimo yavuye i Gabiro ijya i Gakenke inyuze mu muhanda wa kaburimbo uva i Kagitumba ujya i Kayonza316.

289. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata ku gicamunsi, uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise urusaku rw’amasasu. Kubera ko Gakenke itari irinzwe bihagije, ibirindiro by’ako gace k’imirwano byimuriwe mu kigo cya Jandarumori cy’i Rwamagana. Ninjoro, uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi basirikare bagera ku 2.000 bavuye i Gakenke bajya i Rwamagana. Mu muhanda ugana i Kayonza nta n’inyoni yatambaga, ariko bageze i Kayonza bahasanga impunzi nyinshi317.

290. Mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya yamenye amakuru y’uko i Nyakayaga na Rwagitama harimo kubera imirwano. Mu masaa yine za mu gitondo, haje telegaramu ivuga ko FPR yenda gutsimbura ingabo z’u Rwanda kuri ibyo birindiro. Mu masaa moya cyangwa saa mbiri z’ijoro, abasirikare baragarutse maze bashaka kurwana n’abajandarume bo muri Jandarumori ya Rwamagana babashinja ko bahishe « umwanzi » 315 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 34. 316 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 35-36; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 85 (ikarita ya Perefegitura ya Byumba). 317 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 37-38, 49. 270/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 147 kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise bavuga ko abo basirikare bari bakoze ubwicanyi kuri iyo paruwasi318. 5.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 291. Ibimenyetso byatanzwe byerekena ku buryo budahuzagurika ko mu minsi yakurikiye itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, abantu babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, bagizwe ahanini n’Abatutsi, bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro, Komine ya Murambi, kubera ibitero byagabwaga mu duce bari batuyemo319. 318 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 38, 39 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 50. Imyenda y’abasirikare ntiyari itandukanye cyane n’iy’abajandarume. Imyenda y’abakomando n’iy’abajepe yasaga n’iy’abandi basirikare, ariko iyo mitwe yombi yo ikagira ingofero za simoko. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup.

39. Mu ibaza rinyomoza, Habakubaho yavuze ko yari azi Gatete kubera ko ikigo cya Gabiro cyari muri Komine ya Murambi yayoborwaga na Gatete icyo gihe. Hagati y’impera z’umwaka wa 1993 n’intangiriro z’uwa 1994, Interahamwe zibarirwa nko hagati ya 300 na 400 zaherewe imyitozo muri icyo kigo. Hari n’Abarundi bari nko hagati ya 150 na 200 bahereweyo imyitozo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 45-47, 50-51. 319 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 17 (mu kiriziya hari impunzi ziri nko hagati ya 2.000 na 4.000); BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 60 (yahunze Abahutu bicaga Abatutsi), 64-67 (Kuri paruwasi hari impunzi ziri nko hagati ya 3.000 na 4.000); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 54 (yahunze ubwicanyi Interahamwe zarimo gukorera Abatutsi bwatangiye ku itariki ya 7 Mata), 55 (Kuri paruwasi hari impunzi ziri nko hagati ya 3.000 na 3.500, naho mu mbuga yo mu gipadiri hari nk’iziri hagati ya 200 na 300); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 3 (yahunze Abahutu bicaga Abatutsi), 5 (kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro hari nk’abantu 3.000); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 16 (yahunze ibitero by’Interahamwe), 21 (ku itariki ya 10 Mata kuri paruwasi hari nk’abantu 2.000); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 51, 53-55 (guhera ku itariki ya 7 Mata muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro haberaga imvururu), 56 (ku itariki ya 8 Mata byavugwaga ko Abatutsi batangiye guhungira i Kiziguro), 64 (kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro hari nk’abantu babarirwa hagati ya 450 na 500), 73 (kuri paruwasi hari impunzi zibarirwa nko hagati ya 400 na 500); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, 269/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 148 292. Mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata, abasirikare, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bo mu mitwe yitwaraga gisirikare barimo n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi z’impunzi zari aho hafi, bagabye igitero kuri iyo paruwasi. Icyo gihe, mu kiriziya hari impunzi nyinshi izindi ziri mu mbuga iri mu gipangu cya paruwasi. Mu bagabye icyo gitero harimo Augustin Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe wari warigeze kuba umubitsi wa komine, na Gaspard Kamali wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kiziguro320. imp. 14 (kuri paruwasi hari nk’abantu babarirwa hagati ya 450 na 500 banyanyagiye hirya no hino), 62 (ku gasanteri ka Agatovu hari abantu bo mu muryango wavugwaga ko ari uw’Abatutsi bari bishwe); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 35 (Ku itariki ya 7 Mata muri serire umutangabuhamya yari atuyemo hatangiye imvururu, maze impunzi zari mu kigo cy’imfubyi cya Gakoni zijyanwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro), 43, 51-52 (mu kiriziya harimo nk’abantu 500); Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 26 (Abatutsi bari bahungiye mu kiriziya ya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro), 34, 54, 56 (mu gipangu cya paruwasi hari abantu babarirwa nko hagati ya 900 na 1.000, barimo n’abagabye igitero bagera ku 120 bafite intwaro n’abagera kuri 40 batazifite); LA32, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010,

imp. 68 (abantu barenga 500 bari banyanyagiye hirya no hino, harimo n’imbere ya kiriziya, ku ishuri, no mu mbuga), 89. 320 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 17-20 (Gatete yaje ari kumwe na Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, Kamali, abasirikare, n’Interahamwe), 36 (mu bari bagabye icyo gitero harimo abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bo mu nkambi za Bidudu, Muvumba, Ngarama, Kiyombe na Mutara); BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 65 (Gatete yari kumwe na Nkundabazungu n’abajepe), 67- 68 (Interahamwe ni zo zagabye icyo gitero); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 55-56, 59 (Interahamwe zagabye igitero zica impunzi), 58, 60 (Gatete yari kumwe na Nkundabazungu, abasirikare n’Interahamwe), 73-74 (abasirikare bagose impunzi mu gihe Interahamwe zo zarimo gukora ubwicanyi, n’ubwo umutangabuhamya atashoboye gutandukanya abasirikare basanzwe n’abajepe); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 6-8 (Interahamwe zagabye igitero ku mpunzi), 16-18 (abasirikare basohoye impunzi mu kiriziya ngo zicwe), 6, 33 (Gatete yari kumwe na Nkundabazungu, Karekezi, abasirikare, n’Interahamwe); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22 (Gatete yazanye n’abajepe), 24 (Nkundabazungu na we yari ahari), 25 (Interahamwe zari kuri paruwasi); BCS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 15 (Gatete yari kumwe n’abasirikare); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 67 268/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 149 Basohoye ku gahato impunzi zari mu kiriziya bazijyana mu mbuga321 maze batandukanya impunzi z’Abatutsi n’iz’Abahutu322. Bakuye mu mpunzi umwarimu w’Umututsi witwaga (Nkundabazungu, Kamali, n’abasirikare bari kuri paruwasi), 68 (abasirikare n’Interahamwe bari bacunze abo bagore), 71, 73-74 (Nkundabazungu na Kamali bari mu bayoboye icyo gitero); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 37-38 (Interahamwe n’abasirikare bari kuri paruwasi), 40-41 (Nkundabazungu, Kamali, abasirikare, n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara binjiye mu kiriziya), 43 (abasirikare bari bavuye ku rugamba i Gabiro bari kuri paruwasi); Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, uurup. 26 (Nkundabazungu yari mu kiriziya, naho Interahamwe, abasirikare, n’abajandarume bari hanze), 29 (Interahamwe zari kumwe na Nkundabazungu), 31 (Nkundabazungu yari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe), 34 (Interahamwe, abajandarume, abasirikare, Nkundabazungu na konseye bari kuri paruwasi), 54 (abasirikare n’Interahamwe bari mu gikari), 55-56 (hari abajandarume, abasirikare, n’Interahamwe), 56 (Nkundabazungu yari ahari); LA32, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 62, 67 (ku kiriziya hari imbaga y’abasirikare bambaye ingofero z’umukara, abajandarume bambaye ingofero zitukura, Interahamwe, n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara.

Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare ni bo bari bayoboye icyo gitero). 321 BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 55-57 (Interahamwe zasohoye impunzi mu kiriziya ku gahato); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 5 (abasirikare basohoye impunzi mu kiriziya bazijyana mu mbuga); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 22 (abajepe basabye abantu gusohoka mu kiriziya); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 41 (abasirikare basohoye impunzi mu kiriziya ku gahato); Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 26 (abasirikare basohoraga impunzi mu kiriziya ku gahato). 322 BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 57 (kurobanura Abahutu babavana mu zindi mpunzi byamaze iminota mike); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira, urup. 18 (Abatutsi batandukanijwe n’Abahutu); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 69 (Kamali yafashe bamwe mu Bahutu abajyana ku ruhande ngo abakize); LA127, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 43, 47 (barobanuye Abahutu babatandukanya n’Abatutsi). 267/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 150 Munana wigishaga ku mashuri abanza ya Murambi maze bamushyira ku ruhande. Uwo mwarimu ari mu bantu bishwe mbere 323.

293. Nyuma yaho, igitero kinini kandi gikoranywe ubukana bwinshi cyagabwe ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi kandi kimara amasaha. Icyo gitero rero cyahitanye abagabo, abagore n’abana bose b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana ndetse bashobora kugera mu bihumbi, bishwe hakoreshejwe imbunda n’intwaro gakondo324. Imirambo y’abahaguye yajyanywe ku 323 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 19 (abasirikare bafashe Munana baramujyana); BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 66-68 (babanje kujyana Karemera na Munana mbere y’uko ubwicanyi butangira); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 55 (abagabye igitero babanje kujyana umwarimu witwaga Munana); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 65 (hatanzwe itegeko ryo kuvana Karemera na Munana mu mbaga y’impunzi zari zihari); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 68-70 (yumvise bavuga ko Munana ari mu bantu ba mbere bishwe); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 41-42 (barashe Munana amasasu abiri maze yitura hasi), 44; Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 26 (hari umugabo wanze kwicara hasi bamujyana mu nguni, hashize akanya gato humvikana urusaku rw’amasasu). 324 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 20 (Interahamwe zitwazaga intwaro zinyuranye zirimo amacumu n’imipanga), urup.21 (hakoreshejwe

n’imbunda muri ubwo bwicanyi); BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 68 (Interahamwe zari zitwaje imipanga, amashoka, ibyuma n’ibibando); a BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 59 (abagabye igitero bakoresheje imipanga, amacumu n’amahiri), urup.68 (abasirikare bari bafite imbunda); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira, urup. 6 (Interahamwe zari zifite intwaro zinyuranye zirimo amahiri, amacumu, imipanga, amasuka n’inyundo); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 25 (abagabye igitero bakoresheje ferabeto n’imipanga), urup. 67 (abasirikare n’Interahamwe bakoresheje imipanga n’amashoka); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 70 (Impunzi z’Abatutsi zicishijwe imipanga cyangwa imbunda); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 41-42 (abasirikare bari bafite imbunda), urup.46 (byageze saa sita hari imirambo myinshi y’abantu bishwe), urup. 47 (Abatutsi bose bari kuri paruwasi barishwe), urup. 48 (hari imirambo myinshi cyane ku buryo Abahutu bonyine batari gushobora kuyikura aho hantu), imp. 63, 65 (uyu mutangabuhamya yari yitwaje ikibando), urup. 71 (bamwe muri banyakwigendera bishwe bakubiswe, abandi baciwe amajosi 266/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 151 cyobo cyari hafi aho cyakoreshejwe nk’imva rusange. Kubera umubare munini w’abantu bishwe, bamwe mu Batutsi bategetswe gufasha abandi kuvanaho imirambo. Abagabo b’Abatutsi bategetswe gukuramo amashati kugira ngo bamenyekane bitagoye igihe babaga bajyanye imirambo ku cyobo rusange. Iyo bageragayo, na bo baricwaga bakajugunywa muri icyo cyobo. Byari ngombwa ko iyo mirambo yose « ikurwa aho hantu » mbere y’uko FPR ihagera325. hakoreshejwe imipanga cyangwa bicishwa amasasu; Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 29 (Interahamwe zari zifite intwaro gakondo naho Nkundabazungu afite imbunda; Abatutsi biciwe kuri paruwasi; hari imirambo myinshi cyane, ku buryo Abatutsi bategetswe gufatanya n’abandi mu kuyitwara), urup. 32 (bamwe mu bagore bishwe batemeshejwe imipanga), urup. 55 (abicanyi bari bitwaje udufuni, imbunda n’ibibando; LA32, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 15 Werurwe 2010 imp. 70, 73 (Nkundabazungu yari afite imbunda n’aho abandi baturage bafite intwaro gakondo), urup. 75 (bamwe mu bana bicishijwe ibibando, imp. 67, 71, 101 (kuva aho umutangabuhamya ahagereye mu masaa saba cyangwa saa munani z’amanywa, kugera saa cyenda cyangwa saa cyenda n’igice z’amanywa, imirambo ibarirwa hagati ya 150 na 200 yajyanywe ku cyobo rusange). Reba n’igisobanuro cyo hasi ku rupapuro kiri haruguru ahavugwa

umubare w’impunzi zari zahungiye kuri paruwasi. 325 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 21, 23 (yategetswe kujyana imirambo ku cyobo rusange kandi abatwaraga imirambo na bo baricwaga), urup. 24; BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 68 (bamuteye icyuma bamujugunya mu cyobo), urup. 70 (imirambo yajugunywe mu cyobo); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 59 (Ni umwe mu bategetswe kujyana imirambo ku cyobo kandi gutwara imirambo byafashe umunsi wose, imp. 60-61; BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira, urup. 8 (Interahamwe zajugunye imirambo mu cyobo); LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 70 (abantu barimo n’Abatutsi bajyanye imirambo ku cyobo rusange; LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 46, 48 (Abagabo b’Abatutsi bari mu bantu bajyanye imirambo ku cyobo rusange kandi na bo barishwe), urup.71 (imirambo yajyanywe ku cyobo rusange); Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 29-30 (abaturage bajyanye imirambo kuri icyo cyobo rusange bafatanyije na bamwe mu bagabo b’Abatutsi batagarutse), urup. 36 (bategetse abagabo b’Abatutsi gukuramo amashati kugira ngo bashobore kumenyekana bitagoranye), urup. 54 (Interahamwe n’abasirikare bategetse abatari bafite intwaro gukuraho 265/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 152 294. Urugereko noneho rugiye gusuzuma ibimenyetso byatanzwe ku bivugwa ko Gatete yagize uruhare mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, mu iyicwa ry’impunzi zari zihari ndetse no mu byaha byo gusambanya ku gahato abagore n’abakobwa b’Abatutsikazi. 5.3.1 Ubwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro 295. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko hafi y’itariki ya 11 Mata 1994, Gatete yategetse abantu kwica Abatutsi ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, ahagarikira ibyo bikorwa by’ubwicanyi, kandi na we ubwe arabikora. Abo basiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwaga mu bihumbi bari barahungiye kuri icyo kigo cyari kigizwe na kiriziya n’ibitaro. Bafashijwe n’abasirikare bo mu ngabo za Leta y’icyo gihe bitwaje imbunda, ndetse na Gasigwa Karangwa na Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe z’i Kiziguro, Gatete n’itsinda rye ry’Interahamwe bishe urugi rw’umuryango winjira ku kiriziya, bategeka impunzi z’Abatutsi gusohoka mu kiriziya maze barazica. Havugwa ko mu bishwe harimo Karemera, Munana, Claver Karurange, Gapfizi n’umuvandimwe w’umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BCS. Mu kugaragaza ibyo bivugwa, Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’abagabo biboneye ibyabaye biswe BBP, BBM, BUY, BVS, BBJ na BCS, bose mu buhamya bwabo mu Rukiko bavuga ko Gatete yari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Abo batangabuhamya bavuga

kandi no ku gitero cyagabwe ku mpunzi zari zihari. N’ubwo abo batangabuhamya bageze kuri paruwasi ku minsi no ku imirambo no kuyihamba); LA32, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 70 (Abatutsi bafashije abandi gutwara imirambo bayijyana ku cyobo rusange, abagabo bategekwa gukuramo amashati, nyuma bicirwa kuri icyo cyobo), urup. 89 (uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu barakubiswe ngo bagire vuba kubera ko ngo Inkotanyi zari hafi kugera aho hantu); Habakabuho, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 34, 35-36, 38-39 (FPR yarimo gusatira aho hantu). 264/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 153 masaha bitandukanye, ndetse bamwe muri bo bakaba bari baranabonye Gatete aho hantu mbere y’itariki ya 11 Mata, bose bemeza ko yari ahari uwo munsi mu gihe igitero cyagabwaga ku mpunzi. Porokireri ntiyatanze ibimenyetso ku gitero cyagabwe ku bitaro by’i Kiziguro cyangwa ku iyicwa rya Claver Karurange, n’ubwo avuga ibyo byabaye mu Nyandiko y’ibirego326.

296. Ubwunganizi bwemera ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro hagabwe igitero, ariko bugahakana ko Gatete yari ahari cyangwa ko hari uruhare yakigizemo. Ahubwo bwatanze ibimenyetso byerekana ko Nkundabazungu ari we wayoboye igitero cyarimo Interahamwe, abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare, abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi z’impunzi zari hafi aho, n’abasirikari benshi basubiraga inyuma bahunga urugamba. Umuliyetona w’umujandarume witwa Pascal Habarurema na we yagize uruhare rw’ubuyobozi muri icyo gitero, kimwe na Gaspard Kamali wari Konseye. Ubwunganizi bushingira ku buhamya bwatanzwe na LA84, LA27, Jean-Damascène Kampayana na LA32, bose bari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro mu gihe icyo gitero cyabaga cyangwa kikirangira. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko ibyabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro byari mu rwego rw’intambara, kandi ko mu turere two hafi aho harimo kubera imirwano, nk’uko bivugwa na Jean-Damascène Kampayana na Augustin Habakubaho. Buvuga ko, kubera izo mpamvu, ibyabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro bitakomotse ku mugambi wateguwe wo kuhakorera ubwicanyi327. 326 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 19, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 41-44, 46- 47, 75, 86, 88, 108, 115, 162, 168, 228 - 233, 258-259, 261-311; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 2-4, 7, 13-14, 22. 327 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 381-383, 394-406, 614-628; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 48-51. 263/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 154 297. Urugereko rwabanje gusuzuma ubuhamya bw’abagabo bashinja maze rusanga hari ibintu byinshi ubwo buhamya buhuriyeho. Abo batangabuhamya bibuka bose ko babonye Gatete kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata328. Kubera igihe gishize ibintu bibaye, Urugereko rusanga ukunyuranya guto kugaragara mu buhamya bwabo ku byerekeranye n’amasaha nyayo ibivugwa byabereyeho nta gaciro kanini kwahabwa.

298. Bamwe mu batangabuhamya bibuka kandi ko Gatete yari kuri paruwasi mbere y’itariki ya 11 Mata. N’ubwo hari aho banyuranya ku tuntu duto duto, biragaragara ko ubuhamya bwabo bushyigikirana ku bintu byinshi, by’umwihariko, ku byo bavuga ko Gatete yaje 328 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 18 (« yabonye Gatete mbere gato ya nyuma ya saa sita »); BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 65 (yabonye Gatete hagati ya saa tatu na saa tanu za mu gitondo); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 55-57 (Interahamwe zinjiye mu kiriziya nka saa tatu za mu gitondo maze, hashize akanya gato impunzi zisohotse mu kiriziya, abona Gatete); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 5-6, 15-16, 18 (yabonye Gatete inshuro ebyiri ku itariki ya 11 Mata: ubwa mbere hari kare cyane mu gitondo hagati ya saa kumi n’ebyiri na saa moya, naho ubwa kabiri hari nka saa ine za mu gitondo, igihe impunzi zahatirwaga gusohoka mu kiriziya no mu kigo cya paruwasi); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 22 (Gatete yahageze nka saa ine za mu gitondo, kandi yamubonye asohotse mu kiriziya ari mu mbuga ya paruwasi); BCS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira, imp. 14-16 (yabonye Gatete hagati ya saa tatu na saa ine za mu gitondo ubwo yari yihishe mu nzu y’ibiro). Urugereko ruributsa ko BUY yanatanze ubuhamya avuga ko, hafi ya saa yine cyangwa saa yine n’igice za mu gitondo, imirambo y’abishwe yatangiye kuba myinshi maze we n’abandi bantu basabwa kuyijyana ku cyobo cyari inyuma y’ikigo cya paruwasi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

59. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko abandi batangabuhamya bavuga ko icyo gihe igitero cyari kitaratangira, Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 554. Cyakora, amasaha avugwa n’abatangabuhamya ni ikigereranyo, kandi, kubera igihe gishize ibyabaye bivugwa aha bibaye, Urugereko rusanga uku kunyuranya kudakabije. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo Ubwunganizi atari ko bubibona (Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 572, 574-575), Urugereko ntirwemera ko kuba BVS ari we wenyine wabonye Gatete mu gitondo kare, nta gaciro byahabwa, kubera umubare munini w’impunzi zari mu gipangu n’ahantu hatandukanye zareberaga ibiba. 262/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 155 kuri paruwasi mbere y’itariki ya 11 Mata, ko yavuganye n’abajandarumwe bari barinze paruwasi nk’uko abatangabuhamya babyibuka, kandi ko yavuganye n’abapadiri babiri bari kuri paruwasi329. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, abapadiri n’abajandarume bari bavuye kuri paruwasi330. Kuba abandi batangabuhamya batavuga ko Gatete yaje kuri paruwasi mbere y’itariki ya 11 Mata si ikintu gikomeye. Uko kunyuranya ni ibintu byumvikana kubera umubare w’abantu bari kuri paruwasi, ahantu hatandukanye abantu bareberaga ibyabaga, n’ibihe bitandukanye bagereyeho kuri paruwasi.

299. Ku byerekeranye no kuba Gatete yarahageze ku itariki ya 11 Mata, muri rusange ibimenyetso bishinja bivuga bimwe ku bantu bari kumwe na we. BBP, BBM, BUY, BVS na BBJ bavuga bose ko muri icyo gitondo Nkundabazungu yari kumwe n’Uregwa. Banibuka ko aho hantu hari Interahamwe n’abasirikare. Hari aho abatangabuhamya bavuga ko abo basirikare bari abajepe, ariko ntibyoroheye bamwe mu batangabuhamya gutandukanya abajepe n’abasirikare basanzwe331. N’ubwo BBP ari we mutangabuhamya 329 BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 3-4 (ku itariki ya 8 Mata nyuma ya saa sita, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Gatete ari kumwe n’abajandarume maze yibwira ko abajandarume bari aho barinze impunzi. Gatete yagarutse ku itariki ya 9 Mata, avugana n’abajandarume, arangije aragenda); imp. 4-5 (Gatete yavuganye n’abo bapadiri bombi kuri paruwasi); BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 16- 18 (Gatete yaje kuri paruwasi ari kumwe na Kamali na Nkundabazungu batwara abantu bo mu muryango wa Kibaruta), imp. 37-38, 57 (abajandarume bari barinze paruwasi); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-21 (abapadiri bari bavuye kuri paruwasi mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 10 Mata), urup. 64 (Umutangabuhamya yabonye Gatete asanga Interahamwe mu kibuga cya paruwasi mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 10 Mata). 330 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 37-38, 57; BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 21. 331 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 17-20 (Gatete yazanye na Nkundabazungu, Kamali, abasirikare n’Interahamwe), urup. 42 (ashingiye ku byo izindi mpunzi zamubwiye, BBP yumvaga abo basirikare bari abajepe, n’ubwo atari azi gutandukanya abajepe n’abandi basirikare); BBM, inyandikomvugo 261/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 156 ushinja wenyine wibuka ko Gatete yari kumwe na Kamali ku itariki ya 11 Mata naho BVS akavuga ko hari n’undi umuntu witwa Karekezi, kuba abandi batangabuhamya batavuga abo bantu si ikintu gikomeye332. Birashoboka ko zimwe mu mpunzi zitari zizi Kamali cyangwa Karekezi. Kuba barareberaga ahantu hatandukanye na byo bishobora kuba impamvu bagenda banyuranya kuri iyi ngingo.

300. N’ubwo abatangabuhamya hafi ya bose bavuga ko abasirikare binjiye mu kiriziya bagatwara impunzi, naho BUY akibuka ko ari Interahamwe zinjiye mu kiriziya, Urugereko rusanga uku kudahuza amagambo nta gaciro kanini bifite. Nk’uko byavuzwe mu ikubitiro, ibimenyetso bishinja n’ibishinjura bishaka kumvikanisha ko abantu babonye mu gipangu cya paruwasi ibyo byiciro byombi by’abagabye igitero. Na none, n’ubwo BCS yabonye abasirikare gusa, yabonye ibyabaye igihe gito, ari ahantu y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 65 (Gatete yari kumwe na Nkundabazungu n’abajepe), imp. 67-68 (Interahamwe ni zo zagabye igitero); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 55-56, 58-59 (Interahamwe zarateye zica impunzi), imp. 58, 60 (Gatete yari kumwe na Nkundabazungu, abasirikare n’Interahamwe), urup. 68 (uwo munsi hari abasirikare), imp. 72-74 (abasirikare bagose impunzi naho Interahamwe zikora ubwicanyi zikoresheje intwaro gakondo, ariko uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyashoboye gutandukanya abasirikare basanzwe n’abajepe); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009 imp. 6-8 (Interahamwe zagabye igitero ku mpunzi), imp. 16-18 (abasirikare basohoye impunzi mu kiriziya kugira ngo zicwe) urup. 6 (Gatete yari kumwe na Nkundabazungu, Karekezi, abasirikare n’Interahamwe); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22 (Gatete yazanye n’abajepe), 24 (Nkundabazungu na we yari

ahari), 25 (Interahamwe na zo zari kuri paruwasi). 332 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 17-20; BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 6, 18, 33. Nk’uko Urugereko rwabivuze mu ikubitiro, ibimenyetso bishinja na byo bishaka kumvikanisha ko Konseye Kamali yari ahari, Reba ibivugwa na LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 67, 73-74; LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 40. 260/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 157 adashobora kureba neza kandi yari yakomeretse333. Kubera izo mpamvu, ntiyashoboraga kubona abantu bose bari mu gipangu.

301. Byongeye kandi, abatangabuhamya bashinja bemeza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko hari abantu batoranyijwe mu mpunzi bakavanwa mu kiriziya mbere y’uko igitero gitangira. Bamwe muri abo batangabuhamya bavuga ko Munana na Karemera bavanywe aho hantu (BBM na BBJ) abandi bakibuka gusa ko abagabye igitero batwaye Munana (BBP na BUY) cyangwa Karemera (BCS)334. BCS ni we wenyine uvuga ko umuvandiwe we yatoranyijwe mu bandi, hamwe na Karemera n’undi muntu atabashije kumenya335. Cyakora, ubushobozi abatangabuhamya banyuranye bari bafite bwo kumenya abantu batandukanye, no kuba barareberaga ahantu hatandukanye, bishobora kuba ari yo mpamvu ubuhamya bwabo bunyuranya kuri iki kibazo.

302. Na none kandi, BBP, BUY na BVS bavuga bose ukuntu abagabye igitero batandukanyije Abatutsi n’Abahutu336. BBM (wari wakomeretse mu gihe cy’igitero), BBJ (wasimbukiye 333 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009 imp. 16, 38. 334 BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 66-67; BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22, 65-66; BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 19; BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 56. 335 BCS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 15-16. Reba n’Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 544. 336 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 19 (yibuka ko impunzi zidafite indangamuntu zakuwe mu zindi), urup. 23 (igitero kimaze gutangira, Gatete yahagaritse abari mu gitero kugira ngo Abahutu batandukanywe n’izindi mpunzi); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 57 (impunzi zacujwe ibintu byazo naho Abahutu bavanwa mu zindi mpunzi mbere y’uko Gatete ahagera akabwira Interahamwe guhagarika ubusahuzi zigatangira kwica); BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira, urup.18 (Gatete yahagaze ku ruhande ubwo Abahutu batandukanywaga n’izindi mpunzi). Ubwunganizi bwibutsa ko BUY ari we wenyine uvuga ko Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe guhagarika ubusahuzi. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza 259/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 158 mu kigega cy’amazi mu gihe igitero cyabaga), na BCS (wari uryamye mu biro bya padiri yakomeretse) ntibavuga ibyo gutandukanya Abahutu n’izindi mpunzi cyangwa ibyo kugenzura amarangamuntu. Kuba hari ukunyuranya mu buryo abatangabuhamya bibuka ibintu runaka byabaye birumvikana kubera ko icyo gitero cyabateye ihahamuka no kubera ko abantu banyuranagamo muri icyo gipangu, bitewe cyane cyane n’umubare munini w’abantu bari bahari337.

303. Abatangabuhamya biswe BBP, BBM, BUY na BVS bahuriza na bo kuri byinshi ku birebana n’ibintu by’ingenzi byaranze uruhare rwa Gatete muri icyo gitero. BBP, BBM na BUY bavuze ko bumvise Gatete atanga amategeko asobanutse yo kwica impunzi z’Abatutsi338. N’ubwo BVS atashoboraga kumva ibyo Gatete yavugaga, yamubonye y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 552, 557. Urugereko rusanga ibyo nta gaciro kanini byahabwa kuko abandi batangabuhamya bashobora kuba batari bahari icyo gihe, cyangwa bashobora kuba batarabonye cyangwa ntibibuke icyo kintu. 337By’umwihariko, Urugereko rusanga BBP, uvuga iby’isaka ryakozwe n’abasirikare, yari inyuma ya kiriziya, mu gihe BUY, BVS na BBJ bari imbere mu kiriziya, BCS we akaba yari mu biro bya padiri. BBM, n’ubwo yari hanze ya kiriziya, ntabwo avuga iby’isaka. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 65, 67. Birashoboka ko atibutse iki kintu cyihariye, cyangwa akaba yari ahandi hantu, bityo ntabibone. 338 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 20 (« Gatete yahamagaye abari kumwe na we abategeka kwica abantu bose bari aho badasize n’umwe »); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 68 (Gatete yaravuze ngo: « mwice izi mpunzi zose kugira ngo bene wabo nibaza bazasange nta Mututsi uri hano »); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 58 («

[Gatete] yarababwiye ngo mu kwica batangirire ku bagabo no ku bahungu bato »). Ubwunganizi buvuga ko umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM ari we mutangabuhamya umwe rukumbi wavuze ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe zari zitegereje hanze y’ikigo cya paruwasi gutera, hanyuma zurira uruzitiro kandi irembo rifunguye. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 534. Urugereko rusanga ibi nta reme bifite. Ubuhamya bushinja ndetse n’ubushinjura bugaragaza ko Interahamwe zari 258/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 159 akora ibimenyetso n’akaboko imbere y’Interahamwe, hanyuma abari mu gitero batangira gutera339. Ubuhamya na none buhuriza ku kuba Gatete yari ahari igihe igitero cyabaga340. N’ubwo BUY yavuze ko Gatete yahereyeko ahava akimara gutanga amabwiriza, uwo mutangabuhamya yongeye kumubona mu kigo cya paruwasi mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa341. Kubera ko uwo mutangabuhamya yarimo akubitwa, birashoboka ko atari kubona Uregwa igihe igitero cyabaga.

304. Nta wuhakana ko hari urwobo rwari hanze y’ikigo cya paruwasi rwakoreshejwe nk’imva rusange. N’ubwo ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBP, ubw’uwiswe BBM, ubw’uwiswe BUY n’ubw’uwiswe BVS bugenda butandukana ku birebana n’intera zinyanyagiye hirya no hino mu gace ka Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Zimwe zishobora kuba zari zikiri hanze y’ikigo. Kuba abantu barareberaga ahantu hatandukanye na byo bishobora gusobanura iri tandukanyirizo. 339 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 23-24, 34. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko BVS ari we wenyine uvuga ko Gatete yakoresheje ibimenyetso avugana n’Interahamwe. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 579. Urugereko rusanga ibi nta reme bifite kubera ko abandi batangabuhamya bavuze ko bumvise ibyo Uregwa yavuze mu gihe BVS we yavuze ko atabashije kumwumva. 340 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 21-22, 23 (Gatete yari ahari ubwicanyi butangira, kandi yari ahari igihe uyu mutangabuhamya ahava igitero kimaze iminota iri hagati ya 20 na 30 gitangiye); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 67 (Gatete yatanze amategeko ya kwica impunzi), 68 (ubwicanyi bwahereyeko butangira); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 5-6 (Gatete yari ahagaze ku ruhande ubwo abagabye igitero batangiraga

gukubita abagabo), 7 (nyuma ya saa sita ubwicanyi bugiye kurangira, yanyuze iruhande rwa Gatete), 7 (Gatete yari ahari igihe cyose ubwicanyi bwamaze); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 23 (impuzi zabonye Gatete igihe zasohokaga mu kiriziya, hanyuma abagabye igitero baherako batangira kwica); Umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 15 (Gatete yari aherekejwe n’abasirikare barimo bakubita abantu). 341 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 60, 77. 257/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 160 nyayo iri hagati y’ikigo cya paruwasi n’urwo rwobo, ndetse n’uko rwanganaga, Urugereko rusanga ayo matandukanyirizo nta buremere afite uzirikanye ko abatangabuhamya badashobora kugerereranya intera n’ibipimo mu buryo bumwe, cyane cyane mu bihe by’ihahamuka.

305. Rutitaye kuri ibyo bahurizaho, Urugereko rugomba gusuzuma ireme ry’ubuhamya bwa buri mutangabuhamya. Ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya BBP, Urugereko ntirushidi- kanya ko muri Mata 1994 yashoboraga kumenye Uregwa. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari azi Gatete nk’umuntu wigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, kandi yari yaragiye mu nama zayobowe na Gatete. Uyu mutangabuhamya yanemeje ko yari ahantu hatari kure ya Gatete ubwo yafataga ijambo, bityo akaba yarashoboraga kumva neza ibyo yavugaga342.

306. Muri Kamena 1998, abapererezi b’Urukiko bakoze inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwa BBP, ubwo buhamya yongera kubwemeza mu yindi nyandikomvugo yakozwe muri Kanama 2003343. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko ubuhamya bwanditse bwo muri Kamena 1998 butandukanye n’ubwo yatangiye mu Rukiko, kubera ko ubuhamya bwanditse buvuga ko irembo ryafunguwe saa mbiri n’igice za mu gitondo bafungurira abajepe, naho mu 342 Mu wa 1994, umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP yari amaze imyaka igera ku icumi azi Uregwa. Gatete kandi ni we mutegetsi wari warasinye indangamuntu y’uwo mutangabuhamya. BBP yamenye Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 14-15, 26. Urugereko rusanga uyu mutangabuhamya yaravuze kandi ko igihe Gatete yavugishaga Interahamwe ku itariki ya 11 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya atari kure kandi ko yamwuvaga neza. N’ubwo atabashije gukurikirana Gatete igihe cyose, yakomeje kuvuga ko yamubonye. BBP yabonye Gatete igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga kuri paruwasi, kandi igihe yasohorwaga mu kigo ku ngufu « yamunyuze hafi cyane [Gatete] ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 18, 19-20, 21-22, 23, 39. 343 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 2B (Ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 4 Kamena 1998); Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 3 (Inyandiko yo guhamya ubuhamya yo ku itariki ya 18 Kanama 2003). 256/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 161 Rukiko uyu mutangabuhamya akaba yaravuze ko irembo ryafunguwe « igitondo kirangira », kandi bafungurira « abasirikare »344. BBP yasobanuye ko atashoboraga gutandukanya abajepe n’abandi basirikare, kandi ko isaha avuga bahagereye ari ukugereranya345. Urugereko rusanga aya matandukanyirizo yoroheje nta gaciro yahabwa. Ubuhamya bwanditse n’ubwo BBP yatangiye mu Rukiko buvuga nta guhuzagurika ko abasirikare binjiye mu kigo cya paruwasi mu gitondo ku itariki ya 11 Mata346. Ikindi kandi, kuba mu buhamya bwanditse bwo muri Kamena 1998 nta wundi muntu uvugwamo usibye Gatete wenyine, naho mu buhamya bwatangiwe mu Rukiko hakiyongeraho Nkundabazungu na Kamali si ikintu gifite ireme. BBP yasobanuye ko ibisubizo bye byaterwaga n’ibibazo yabaga abajijwe, n’« umuntu ibibazo byabaga byerekezaho »347. Urugereko rusanga iki gisobanuro gihwitse.

307. Ubwunganizi buvuga na none ko BBP atabashije gutanga amakuru arambuye nko ku mpamvu Gatete yari kuri paruwasi nyuma ya saa sita ku itariki ya 10 Mata, igihe yahamaze, niba yaraje ari ku maguru cyangwa mu modoka348. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ariko ko Gatete yahageranye na Kamali na Nkundabazungu, kandi ko 344 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 509. Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 2B (Ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 4 Kamena 1998), urup. 4; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 20, 38 ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 42. 345 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 38, 42. Ubuhamya bwanditse bwo muri Kamena 1998 bugira buti « mu masaa mbiri n’igice za mu gitondo, Gatete yazanye n’abajepe.» 346 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 2B (Ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 4 Kamena 1998), urup. 4; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 18-19. 347 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 43; Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 2B (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 4 Kamena 1998). 348 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 517, 528; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 17. 255/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 162 batwaye abantu bo mu muryango wa Kibaruta. Kuba BBP atarashoboye kuvuga igihe Gatete yamaze kuri paruwasi si ikintu gikomeye. Ntibyari ngombwa ko uyu mutangabuhamya ahoza ijisho ku Uregwa igihe cyose yamaze kuri paruwasi uwo munsi. Ikindi kandi, kubera ko BBP yari mu kigo imbere, ntabwo yari kubasha byanze bikunze kubona uburyo Gatete yakoresheje kugira ngo ahagere349.

308. Ubwunganizi kandi bwibaza niba ibyo BBP avuga bishoboka. Buvuga ko uwo mutangabuhamya adashobora kuba yaramaze iminsi itandatu atarya atanywa, cyangwa ko yaba yaraguye mu rwobo rufite metero 65 z’ubujyakuzimu akaba akiriho350. Urugereko rusanga ariko igihe uyu mutangabuhamya yari mu rwobo yari yarataye ubwenge kandi nta gitekerezo cyerekeye igihe afite. N’ubwo bamubwiye ko yamazemo iminsi igera kuri itandatu, kandi ubwicanyi bukaba bwibukwa ku itariki ya 16 Mata buri mwaka, ntiyashoboraga kumenya neza umubare w’iminsi yamazemo351. Ntiyabashije gupima 349 Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP budahuza n’ubw’umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA84 ku birebana n’ijyanwa ry’abantu bo mu muryango wa Kibaruta. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko ubuhamya bwa BBP buvuga ko Gatete, Nkundabazungu na Kamali batwaye abantu bo muri uwo muryango babavanye ku kigo cya paruwasi ku itariki ya 10 Mata cyangwa hafi yayo budashobora guhura n’ubwa LA84 buvuga ko Kamali yavanye mu bandi abantu bo mu muryango « we » mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Nyamara ariko, ubuhamya bwa LA84 ntibivuga ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata ari bwo Kamali yatwaye abantu bo mu muryango wa Kibaruta aho kuba ku itariki ya 10 Mata. Ahubwo, LA84 avuga ko Kamali yatwaye abantu bo mu muryango we bwite ku itariki ya 11 Mata (inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 64, 67) akanakiza itsinda ry’Abahutu

(inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 69). 350 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 507, 510-515. 351 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 24 (« Namaze igihe kirekire muri urwo rwobo rusange. Kuri njye nta tandukaniro ryari hagati y’umunsi n’ijoro. Bamaze kumvana muri urwo rwobo, bambwiye ko namazemo iminsi igera kuri itandatu. Ubu iyo tugiye ahari urwo rwobo rusange kwibuka jenoside, tujyayo ku itariki ya 16 Mata buri mwaka … nkaba kandi nibuka, cyangwa bivugwa buri gihe ko ubwicanyi bwabereye aho hantu bwamaze iminsi itandatu ».), 26-27. 254/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 163 urwo urwobo cyangwa ngo agerageze kugereranya ubujyakuzimu bwarwo. Ahubwo, yavuze ko « abantu bamwe bavugaga ko rufite ubujyakuzimu bugera kuri metero 65 »352. Rukurikije uko ibintu biteye, Urugereko rusanga iyi ngingo idahagije kugira ngo ibe yatuma habaho gushidikanya ku buhamya bwe bwerekeye ibyabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Koko rero, ubuhamya bushinjura busa n’ubwerekana ko abantu bamwe bari bakiri bazima nyuma yo kujugunywa muri ruriya rwobo353.

309. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko mu Rukiko BBP yatanze ubuhamya buhuzagurika ku birebana na Gacaca yagiyemo354. Urugereko rusanga ariko ahanini ubuhamya bwe budahuzagurikaga. Yemeje ko atashinje Uregwa mu manza izo ari zo zose za Gacaca, harimo n’izabereye muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro. Yasobanuye kandi ko nta makuru yerekeye Gatete yiyemeje gutanga kubera ko atatekerezaga ko azongera kumubona. Yavuze ko iyo aza gusabwa gushinja Gatete mu manza za Gacaca, yari kubikora355. Urugereko rusanga iki gisobanuro cya BBP gihwitse. 352 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 24. 353 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA84 yavuze ko avuye kuri paruwasi yanyuze kuri rwa robo rusange kandi ko yumvise abantu batakira muri urwo rwobo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, urup. 77; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 2. 354 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 507, 524-525. 355 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP yabanje kuvuga ko nta buhamya yatanze muri Gacaca kandi ko atigeze asabwa kwitaba Gacaca. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

28. Nyamara ariko, iyo ayo magambo asomewe hamwe n’ubuhamya bwe bwakurikiyeho, bigaragara ko yashakaga kuvuga ko atigeze ashinja Uregwa mu manza za Gacaca. Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 44 (« Nta makuru nk’ayo natanze muri Gacaca kubera ko muri serire yanjye na segiteri yanjye ntabajijwe ibibazo byerekeranye n’Uregwa cyangwa n’iyo ngingo. Muri serire yanjye na segiteri yanjye nta wundi muturage watanze amakuru kuri Gatete. Amakuru yerekeye Uregwa yatangiwe muri segiteri yari atuyemo. »), 45 (« … muri serire yanjye nta muntu wavuze uwo wunganira, ariko mu yandi maserire nka Kiziguro, Kirambo n’ahandi baramuvuze. Ariko muri Ndatemwa, muri 253/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 164 310. Mu kurangiza kuri iki kibazo, n’ubwo BBP atavuze uko igitero cyagabwe kuri kiriziya cyagenze n’uburyo impunzi zasohowemo, Urugereko ruributsa ko icyo gihe uyu mutangabuhamya atari imbere muri kiriziya356. Byongeye kandi, uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyabajijwe by’umwihariko ku byabereye imbere mu kiriziya. Muri make, nyuma yo gusuzuma ibyo BBP yavuze byose, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe budahuzagurika kandi ari simusiga.

311. Ku byerekeye umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko muri Mata 1994 yabashije kumenya Gatete. Yari asanzwe azi Gatete nk’ « umuntu wigeze kuyobora » Komine ya Murambi, bakaba kandi barahuriraga mu bikorwa bimwe byo muri komine357. Gacaca nta muntu n’umwe wavuze uwo wunganira, kandi nta n’uwatanze ubuhamya bwabaga bureba uwo wunganira mu buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose. Twatanze amakuru yerekeye abantu bagize uruhare mu byabereye mu gace kacu. »), 46 (« Nigeze gutanga amakuru mu manza za Gacaca. Ndagira ngo nkubwire ariko ko ntigeze na rimwe ngira icyo mvuga muri Gacaca k’uwo wunganira kubera ko numvaga ntazongera kumubona. »), 47 (« Gatete ntiyakurikiranywe muri Ndatemwa kubera ko yagaragaye mu gace ka Kiziguro. Ubwanjye nta kintu nabonye akora muri Ndatemwa. »), 49 (Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP yemeye ko yatanze ubuhamya muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro ashinjura umuntu witwa Segicondo), 56-57 (Ikibazo: Wamenya niba Jean-Baptiste Gatete yaba yarigeze ashinjwa adahari muri Segiteri ya Ndatemwa? Igisubizo: Simbizi. Sinigeze numva amakuru nk’ayo. Ikibazo: Waba uzi se na none niba muri Gacaca ya Segiteri ya Kiziguro Jean-Baptiste Gatete yarigeze ashinjwa agacirwa urubanza adahari ? Igisubizo: Simbizi »). 356 Igihe igitero cyabaga, umutangabuhamya wiswe BBP yari hanze ya kiriziya ariko imbere mu kigo agerageza gusubiza inyuma abagabye igitero. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

51. Reba n’Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 520. 357 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

59. Ku byerekeye ibyo Ubwunganizi buvuga ko umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM yavuze ko Gatete yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, Urugereko rusanga nta reme bifite. Ahubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko « uko abizi » Gatete yari burugumesitiri, kandi ko icyo 252/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 165 312. Muri Gicurasi 1998, abapererezi b’Urukiko bakoze inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwa BBM, Ubwunganizi bukaba bwarayifashishije mu kujora bimwe na bimwe mu bikubiye mu buhamya yatanze mu Rukiko ariko ntibwasaba ko iyo nyandikomvugo yakwakirwa nk’ikimenyetso358. Ubwunganizi bwibukije BBM ko mu buhamya bwanditse bwo muri Gicurasi 1998 yavugaga ko igitero cyatangiye mu masaa tanu z’amanywa kandi ko Interahamwe zamennye urugi rwo ku irembo ry’ikigo cya paruwasi, naho mu buhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko, akavuga ko igitero cyatangiye hagati ya saa tatu za mu gitondo na saa tanu z’amanywa, kandi ko Interahamwe zuriye uruzitiro. BBM yasobanuye ko ibyabaye byari ibintu bikuye umutima kandi bikaba bimaze igihe kirekire bibaye359. Kubera ihahamuka riterwa n’ibyabaye, n’igihe kirekire gishize bibaye, Urugereko rusanga aya matandukanyirizo hagati y’ubuhamya bwanditse n’ubwatangiwe mu Rukiko nta buremere yahabwa.

313. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko BBM atari kumara icyumweru atarya atanywa, cyangwa ngo agwe muri ruriya rwobo akomeze kubaho, cyane cyane ko yari afite igikomere gihe « yayoboraga Komine ya Murambi ». Mu by’ukuri ntiyavuze ko igihe ibivugwa byabaga Uregwa yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

79. Reba n’Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 540. 358 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 81-83. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBM yanatanze ubuhamya muri Gacaca ashinja Gatete mu wa 2007. Uregwa yarezwe hamwe na Mwange, Munyabuhoro na Nkundabazungu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 79-81. 359 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

75. Aha naho kuba amazina ya Nkundabazungu, Munana na Karemera atavugwa mu buhamya bwanditse bwo muri Gicurasi 1998 nk’uko bivugwa n’Ubwunganizi, nta gaciro kanini byahabwa. Birashoboka ko umutangabuhamya yaba nta bibazo yabajijwe ku bandi bantu, cyangwa ko amazina yabo atanditswe, cyane cyane niba iperereza ryararebaga Gatete. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 77-78; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 534, 538-539. 251/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 166 cy’icyuma bamuteye360. Kimwe no ku mutangabuhamya wiswe BBP, Urugereko rusanga iyo ngingo itabuza byanze bikunze ubuhamya bwa BBM kuba bwakwizerwa. Koko rero, kuba yararokokeye muri ruriya rwobo bishimangirwa na BBP, kandi ubuhamya bwe bwerekeye ikigereranyo cy’ubureburere bw’urwobo n’igihe yarumazemo ntibituma umuntu yashidikanya ku buhamya bwe budahuzagurika kandi simusiga. Mu kurangiza kuri iki kibazo, n’ubwo BBM atavuze uko igitero cyagabwe kuri kiriziya cyagenze n’uburyo impunzi zasohowemo, Urugereko ruributsa ko icyo gihe, kimwe na BBP, uyu mutangabuhamya atari muri kiriziya imbere, kandi ko atabajijwe by’umwihariko kuri iki kibazo.

314. Ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko muri Mata 1994 yabashije kumenya Gatete. Igihe Gatete yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, BUY yabonanye na we amugezaho ibibazo, kandi yari azi n’umuryango wa Gatete361. By’umwihariko, nta wuhakana ko uyu mutangabuhamya yari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata362. Ku byerekeye ibibazo Ubwunganizi bubyutsa bijyana no kuba ibyo uyu mutangabuhamya avuga bitakwemerwa, Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butavuga ibintu uko biri iyo bwemeza ko BUY « atahishe ko yari yiteguye kuvuga ibinyoma »363. Igice cy’ubuhamya bwe Ubwunganizi busubiramo ntikivuga na gato ko yari yiteguye gutanga ubuhamya bw’ikinyoma muri uru rubanza cyangwa mu 360 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 530, 532, 536. 361 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 57-58, 71. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY yamenye kandi Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 62. 362 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 49, 52-55, 58, 67. 363 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 551. 250/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 167 rundi rubanza urwo ari rwo rwose. Ahubwo, uyu mutangabuhamya yemeje ko yaje gutanga ubuhamya ku byo yanyuzemo we ubwe364.

315. N’ubwo BUY yemeye ko yarabutswe Gatete inshuro ebyiri ku kigo cya paruwasi ku itariki ya 11 Mata, yemeje atazuyaje ko yamubonye ahagera ari kumwe na Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare, akamubona kandi ubwo yategekaga Interahamwe gutangira kwica impunzi, nyuma y’aho ahagereye. Yongeye kumubona ku manywa mu masaa cyenda365. Ubwunganizi bushaka kwemeza ko BUY yavuze ko yabonye Gatete inshuro ya kabiri ari uko Porokireri amubajije ikibazo cyerekeza ku gisubizo366. Urugereko rusanga ariko atari ko byagenze. Ahubwo, bamubajije niba yarabonye Gatete inshuro imwe gusa, BUY yasobanuye ko yongeye kumubona saa cyenda z’amanywa367. 364 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 76 (« Nta cyo mpimba. Niboneye Gatete jyewe ubwanjye, kandi ndamuzi neza cyane. Iyo nza kuba ndi umuntu ubeshya nari kubeshya ku bandi bantu. Naje hano imbere y’Urugereko gutanga ubuhamya kubera ko igihugu n’isi yose byansabye kubikora. Simbeshya, ndavuga ibyo niboneye ubwanjye, simbeshya rero ».). 365 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 74; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 552. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY yari ahagaze hafi ya Gatete ubwo [Gatete] yatangaga amabwiriza yo kwica. Yagereranije intera yari hagati ye na we n’intera iri hagati y’aho umutangabuhamya yicara mu Rukiko n’urukuta ruba ruri ibumoso bwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

58. Nta kintu cyari hagati ye na Gatete cyamubuzaga kuba yamubona. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

77. Reba n’Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 71. 366 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 559-560. 367 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 59-60 (« Ikibazo: Noneho se, hagati y’urugendo rwa mbere n’igihe wahaviriye mu masaa kumi n’imwe n’igice uwo munsi, wakomeje kubona Gatete ahongaho umunsi wose igihe ubwicanyi bwarimo buba? Igisubizo: Gatete yahereyeko agenda akimara gutanga amabwiriza. Sinongeye kuhamubona. Ikibazo: Ubwo rero uravuga ko wamubonye rimwe atanga amabwiriza ajyanye n’ubwicanyi? Igisubizo: Oya, nyuma sa saa sita, mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa nongeye kubona Gatete. »). Biragaragara ko ikibazo cya mbere Porokireri yabajije ari icyo kumenya niba umutangabuhamya yarakomeje kubona Gatete « igihe 249/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 168 Nyuma yo gusuzuma ubuhamya bwa BUY hamwe n’ibibazo byabyukijwe n’Ubwunganizi, Urugereko rusanga ibyo BUY yavuze bidahuzagurika kandi ari simusiga.

316. Ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko muri Mata 1994 yabashije kumenya Gatete. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari asanzwe azi Gatete nk’umuntu wigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, kandi Gatete ni we wayoboye umuhango wo gushyingirwa kwe wabereye ku biro bya Komine ya Murambi368.

317. Ubwunganizi bwashatse kunyomoza uyu mutangabuhamya bushingiye kuri bimwe mu bikubiye mu nyandikomvugo ye yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Mutarama cyose », kandi ntiyamubonye. Urugereko rusanga kandi Ubwunganizi butigeze bubyutsa imbogamizi kuri uyu murongo w’ibibazo mu iburanisha. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe buvuga ko yatwaye imirambo ayijyana ko rwobo rusange ari ikintu gishoboka, bikaba bitandukanye n’ibyo Ubwunganizi bushaka kuvuga (Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 561). Yari umugore ukiri muto (ufite imyaka igera kuri 26) kandi n’ubwo ubuhamya busa n’ubushaka kuvuga ko muri rusange abagabo ari bo batwaye imirambo bayijyana ku mva, nta mpamvu yatuma umuntu ashidikanya ko n’abagore bamwe na bamwe bari bakiri bato kandi bari bafite intege na bo baba barafashije muri icyo gikorwa. 368 Umugabo w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS na Gatete kandi bari muri koperative imwe y’aborozi bo muri Murambi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 2-3, 11. Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butavuga ibintu uko bigaragara muri dosiye iyo buvuga mu myanzuro nsozarubanza yabwo ko muri Mata 1994 Gatete yari burugumesitiri. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 568, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 2, umurongo 37. Biragaragara ko ubuhamya bwe buvuga ko yabaye kuri uwo mwanya bujyana n’igihe cya mbere ya Mata 1994. N’ubwo nyuma avuga ko « yitwaye nka » burugumesitiri mu wa 1994, ntiyavuze ko yari kuri uwo mwanya mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko. Reba Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 2-3 (Ikibazo: Mbere ya 1994, wari uzi umurimo yakoraga? Igisubizo: Yego. Ikibazo: Watubwira icyo yakoraga? Igisubizo: Yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi ».). 248/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 169 2007369. By’umwihariko, iyo nyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwe yerekana ko impunzi zageze kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 10 Mata zivuye ku kigo cy’imfubyi cya Gakoni, naho mu buhamya yatanze mu Rukiko akaba avuga ko zahageze ku itariki ya 9 Mata. Urugereko rusanga uko kunyuranya ku munsi umwe koroheje, urebye igihe gishize ibivugwa bibaye, kandi byari ibintu bitera ihahamuka370. Ubuhamya bwanditse bunerekana ko Gatete yavuganye n’abajandarume igihe uyu mutangabuhamya yamubonaga bwa mbere kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 11 Mata, naho mu buhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko, uyu mutangabuhamya akavuga ko abajandarume bari bamaze kuhava, Gatete akaba yaravuganye n’abasirikare371. Ariko, BVS yemeye ko atari kubihamya ashikamye kubera ko bose bambaraga iniforume ya gisirikare. Urugereko rusanga uko kunyuranya koroheje.372 318. Ikindi kandi, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko mu buhamya bwe bwanditse bwo muri Mutarama 2007 BVS atavuze ko yabonye Gatete igihe ubwicanyi bwabaga373. Urugereko rusanga ariko nta kintu mu buhamya bwe bwanditse kitajyana n’ubuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko 369 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 1 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 19 Mutarama 2007); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 14-15. 370 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 14 (« Ndakeka ko impunzi zavuye i Gakoni

zaje ku itariki ya 9. Zadusanze imbere mu kiriziya zitubwira ko kuva i Gakoni kugera i Kiziguro bazitwaye mu modoka. »); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 1 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 19 Mutarama 2007), urp. 3. 371 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 1 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 19 Mutarama 2007), urup. 3; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 16-18. 372 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 18 (« Ndakeka ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata abajandarume batari bagihari, birashoboka ko hari abasirikare. »). 373 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 21; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 579. 247/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 170 bwerekana ko Gatete yari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro uwo munsi374. N’ubwo ubuhamya bwanditse butavuga ko Gatete yakoresheje ibimenyetso biherekeza amagambo yabwiraga Interahamwe, BVS yasobanuye ko yatangaga amakuru akurikije ibibazo byihariye yabaga abajijwe375. Ikindi kandi, uyu mutangabuhamya ashobora kuba yaravuze ibyo gukoresha ibimenyetso ariko uwafataga ubuhamya ntabyandike, cyangwa se akaba atarabivuze icyo gihe kubera ko mu by’ukuri atumvise ibyo Gatete yavuze. Rukurikije uko ibintu biteye, Urugereko rusanga ibyo kuba bitavugwa mu buhamya bwanditse bitatuma habaho gushidikanya ku buhamya uyu mutangabuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko hejuru y’indahiro.

319. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko BVS atasobanuye neza igihe yaboneye bwa mbere Gatete kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata376. Urugereko rusanga ariko inkuru y’uyu mutangabuhamya yari ikubiyemo ibisobanuro birambuye, kandi ubwo yabazwaga 374 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 1 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 19 Mutarama 2007), imp. 3- 4; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 5-7, 16, 18-19, 23-24, 34. Koko rero mu buhamya bwanditse, avuga ko ubwo yasohokaga mu kiriziya bwa mbere ku itariki ya 11 Mata mu masaa kumi n’ebyiri n’igice mu gitondo cyangwa saa moya, yabonye Gatete hafi y’umuryango wa kiriziya, ibi bikaba bihura n’ubuhamya yatanze mu Rukiko. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 15-16. Mu buhamya bwe bwanditse, avuga kandi ko ubwo yasohokaga mu kiriziya ku nshuro ya kabiri igihe Abahutu batandukanywaga n’Abatutsi, yabonye Gatete « hafi y’irembo ». Mu buhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko avuga ko icyo gihe Gatete yari ahagaze « ku ruhande », « ahantu hatari kure y’umuryango munini w’ikigo ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

6. Ubuhamya bwe bwanditse buvuga kandi ko igihe yagendaga yerekeza ku rwobo yabonye Uregwa ahagaze hanze y’ikigo, hafi y’irembo, naho mu Rukiko akavuga ko icyo gihe Gatete yari ahagaze mu kigo rwagati; Urugereko rusanga uko kudahuza koroheje. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 21. 375 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 24. 376 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 572, 574. 246/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 171 ibibazo ku bihe yaboneyeho Uregwa yaratanze igisubizo gisobanutse kandi cyuzuye377. Ubwunganizi kandi ntibwanyuzwe n’ibyo uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ku witwa Karemera, yemeza ko yamubonye ari kumwe na Gatete igihe yageraga [umutangabuhamya] kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, kandi abandi batangabuhamya bavuga ko Karemera yari impunzi, akaba yaratwawe n’abagabye igitero.378 Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga nta bindi bisobanuro birambuye uyu mutangabuhamya yasabwe gutanga byerekeranye n’amazina yose y’uwo Karemera babonanye akigera kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Birashoboka ko uwo munsi haba hari abantu babiri batandukanye bombi bitwa Karemera. Kandi koko, mu buhamya bwe bwanditse bwo muri Mutarama 2007, uyu mutangabuhamya avuga abo ba Karemera bombi muri ubwo buryo379.

320. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko ubuhamya BVS yatangiye mu Rukiko budahuza n’ibindi bimenyetso bikubiye muri dosiye y’urubanza. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko abagore n’abana bahariwe akazi ko gutwara imirambo y’abishwe380, naho ubuhamya bw’abandi batangabuhamya bukavuga ko abagabo b’Abatutsi bategetswe gufasha kujyana imirambo ku rwobo rusange. Birashoboka ko bamwe mu bagore n’abandi bantu bari bakiri bato baba barasabwe gutanga inkunga muri icyo gikorwa. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga iyi 377 Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS avuga inshuro eshatu yabonyeho Gatete uwo munsi : « Namubonye inshuro ya mbere mu gitondo, mubona bwa kabiri ubwicanyi burimo buba, mubona inshuro ya gatatu ubwo bari batujyanye ku rwobo ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

21. Reba n’Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 6, 15-16. 378 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 3, 14; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi igika 569. 379 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 1 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 19 Mutarama 2007), urup. 3 (« ku ngazi imbere y’umuryango, nahasanze umuturanyi wacu John Karemera, wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri abanza. »), 4 (« Nabonye Interahamwe zijyana Karemera Emmanuel wari umwarimu kuri CERAI. »). 380 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 20. 245/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 172 ngingo idahagije kugira ngo ubuhamya BVS yatangiye mu Rukiko bube bwashidikanywaho.

321. Mu kurangiza kuri iki kibazo, kuba BVS ataratanze ubuhamya mu nkiko Gacaca ku byabaye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ntibivuga byanze bikunze ko atakwizerwa.381 BVS yasobanuye ko ibikorwa bya Gatete bivugwa byasuzumiwe muri Serire ya Kabuga, iyo ikaba atari serire ye. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye kandi ko abantu benshi bagiye mu nama rusange y’inkiko Gacaca bavuze kuri Gatete, akaba yarasanze bitari ngombwa gusubiramo ibyo abandi bari baravuze382. Urugereko rusanga icyo gisobanuro cye gishyize mu gaciro. Urugereko rusanga ariko uyu mutangabuhamya yaremeye ko mu ikusanyamakuru yavuze uburyo Gatete yamufashije kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ariko ntavuge uruhare Gatete yagize muri icyo gitero383. Iki gice cy’ubuhamya bwe giteye urujijo. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga bidahagije kugira ngo habeho gushidikanya ku buhamya budahuzagurika kandi simusiga yatangiye mu Rukiko, bushyigikiwe mu bice byabwo by’ingenzi n’ibindi bimenyetso simusiga kandi bidahuzagurika, nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru.

322. Ku byerekeye BBJ, Urugereko rusanga muri Mata 1994 yarashoboye kubona Uregwa akamumenya. N’ubwo nta bisobanuro byatanzwe birebana n’ibindi bihe yaba yaramubonye, BBJ avuga ko azi Gatete kuva uyu akiri muto kandi ko yari azi 381 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 568, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 36. 382 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 32-33. 383 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

33. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVS yasobanuye kandi ko n’ubwo mu buhamya bwe bwanditse bwo muri Mutarama 2007 avuga Nkundabazungu na Karekezi, atatanze ubuhamya mu rubanza rwo muri Gacaca kubera ko urubanza rwa Nkundabazungu rwabereye muri Segiteri ya Kiziguro, uyu mutangabuhamya akaba atuye muri Segiteri ya Kiramuruzi. Karekezi yaburanishirijwe muri segiteri ye itandukanye n’iya Kiramuruzi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.33. 244/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 173 n’umuryango we neza. Yari azi kandi ko yahoze ari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi384.

323. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ibyo bitavuga ko, amaze gusimbukira mu kigega cy’amazi agerageza kwiyahura yashoboraga, byanze bikunze, kubona ibyabaga cyangwa kumva ibyo Gatete yavugaga. Byongeye kandi, uko yibuka ibyabaye urebye bitandukanye cyane n’uko abandi batangabuhamya babyibuka, by’umwihariko, ku byerekeranye no kuba Gatete yarahageze mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 10 Mata, ndetse no ku byerekeranye n’ibisobanuro birebana n’ishimutwa rya Munana na Karemera ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Mu by’ukuri, n’ubwo BBP, BBM na BVS bavuga ibyabereye kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 10 Mata no mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata, ntibavuga ko Gatete yaba yarahaje akajya aho Interahamwe zari mu mbuga, maze bakarara baririmba, babyina kandi banywa, nk’uko BBJ abivuga385. Kubera rero ibyo bintu anyuranyaho n’abo batangabuhamya bandi, Urugereko ruremera ubuhamya bwe aho rusanga bufite ubundi bubushyigikiye ku buryo bukwiye386. Kuri iki kibazo, Urugereko rusanga ibice by’ingenzi by’ubuhamya 384 Mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko, BBJ avuga ko nyuma y’itariki ya 6 Mata 1994 yabonye Gatete inshuro esheshatu: ubwa mbere hari ku itariki ya 8 Mata kuri bariyeri yari muri Serire ya Nyagasambu, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 15-16. Reba icyiciro II.4.3. Anavuga ko yari amuzi, n’umuryango we, akamenya n’aho yari atuye mbere y’uko yimukira i Gakenke, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009,

imp. 14-15. N’ubwo byabanje kumugora kumenya Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, ibi bisa n’ibyatewe n’uburwayi bw’amaso n’ubwoba yari afite bwo kumwegera kugira ngo amwerekane, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 25-28. Ibyo aribyo byose, Urugereko ruributsa ko kumenya uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha byagombye guhabwa agaciro gato cyangwa ntibigire ako bihabwa (Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kalimanzira mu bujurire, igika 96, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kamuhanda mu bujurire, igika 243). 385 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-21, 64. 386 Urugereko rusanga kandi BBJ avuga ko atazi umucamanza wo muri Gacaca yitabye inshuro zinyuranye mbere kandi wavuze, mu buhamya bwe, ko amuzi. BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 59; BBR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 31-33. Reba n’Imyanzuro nsozarubanza 243/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 174 bwe, nk’aho avuga ko Gatete yaje kuri paruwasi, n’uko igitero cyahagabwe ku itariki ya 11 Mata kigizwe n’abantu banyuranye, bishyigikirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso simusiga kandi bidahuzagurika byasesenguwe haruguru.

324. Ku byerekeye BCS, Urugereko rusanga ashobora kuba yarabonye Uregwa muri Mata 1994 akamumenya.387 Cyakora, rurashidikanya ku kuntu yashoboye kubona ibyabaga, arebera mu idirishya ry’akumba gato k’ibiro kuri paruwasi, cyane cyane urebye ukuntu ubuzima bwe bwari bumeze muri icyo gihe.

325. Ubwunganizi bwifashisha inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwa BCS yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko mu Ukwakira 1998, aho uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko ise, nyina na bashiki be babiri biciwe mu rugo iwabo [w’umutangabuhamya] n’abantu bitwaraga gisirikare. Mu buhamya yatanze mu Rukiko, yavuze ko se ari we wenyine wiciwe mu rugo, mukuru we na bashiki be babiri bakagwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro naho nyina akarokoka (II.3.3.iii). Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko umupererezi atamusabye kuvuga aho buri muntu wo mu muryango we yiciwe, akaba ari yo mpamvu atasobanuye niba bose barishwe icyo gihe cyangwa niba bamwe barapfuye nyuma388. y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 478-480. Ibi bituma umuntu yibaza cyane niba BBJ yakwizerwa. Byongeye kandi, kubera ibyo avuga mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko ko ahagana ku itariki ya 8 Mata yumvise Gatete abwira Interahamwe zari kuri bariyeri y’i Nyagasambu ko Abatutsi bagomba gukoranyirizwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kugira ngo bahicirwe ku wa mbere ukurikiyeho, ntibyumvikana ukuntu yagiyeyo. Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 15-16, 17, 59-60. Reba II.4.3. 387 BCS avuga ko n’ubwo muri Mata 1994 Gatete atari akiri Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, yamubonaga kenshi kandi yari amuzi. Yanerekanye kandi Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 7. 388 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 12-13, 26-27, 28. 242/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 175 N’ubwo ibyo avuga bishobora kuba ari ko byagenze, Urugereko rusanga mu buhamya bwe bwanditse avuga ko mukuru we yiciwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Urugereko runashidikanya ko umupererezi yari kwandika ko nyina w’uyu mutangabuhamya yishwe kandi yararokotse.

326. Byongeye kandi, Ubwunganizi bushingira ku bisobanuro birambuye uyu BCS atanga mu buhamya bwe bwanditse bwo mu Ukwakira 1998, aho avuga ko Gatete yarasiye Karemera na mukuru we (w’uyu mutangabuhamya) kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Muri ubwo buhamya havugwa ku buryo bweruye ko BSC « yiboneye iyicwa ry’abo bantu » mu gihe mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko avuga ko atabonye baraswa ko ahubwo yabyumvise389. Kubera ko ibyo bintu bikomeye, Urugereko rusanga uku kunyuranya mu buhamya bwombi guteye ikibazo, bityo rukaba rwemera ubuhamya bwa BCS aho rusanga bufite ubundi bubushyigikira nyabyo.

327. Nyuma yo gusuzuma ibimenyetso bishinja, dore ibintu bigaragara mu buhamya simusiga kandi budahuzagurika bwatanzwe mu Rukiko na BBP, BBM, BUY na BVS, no mu bwatanzwe na BBJ na BCS, mu gihe ubw’aba bombi bufite ubundi bubushyigikira bihagije. BVS avuga ko Gatete yaje kuri paruwasi ku matariki ya 8, 9 na 10 Mata, akavugana n’abajandarume bacungaga umutekano aho kuri paruwasi ndetse na padiri. BBP yibuka kandi ko Gatete yaje ku itariki ya 10 Mata ari kumwe na Kamali na Nkundabazungu. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, abapadiri n’abajandarume bari bavuye kuri paruwasi. Muri icyo gitondo, Gatete yagarutse kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ari kumwe na 389 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 2 (ubuhamya bwanditse bwo ku itariki ya 3 n’iya 10 Ukwakira 1998) urup. 4 (« [Gatete] yategetse Emmanuel Karemera, wigishiga mu mashuri abanza y’i Kiramuruzi na mukuru wanjye … gusohoka mu kiriziya maze ahita abarasa arabica. N’ubwo nari nakomeretse cyane, nashoboye kubona ukuntu yabishe. Kugira ngo mbibone, napfukamye imbere y’idirishya rimwe rya kiriziya maze mbona Gatete ubwe abiyicira kugira ngo atange urugero »). Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 35. 241/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 176 Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare kandi hari n’Interahamwe. Abatangabuhamya bari mu kiriziya ntibabonye Gatete kugeza igihe basohokeye, bagakoranyirizwa ku mbuga ya kiriziya. By’umwihariko, BBP na BBM, bari hanze ya kiriziya, babonye Gatete yinjira kuri paruwasi. BBP yabonye kandi yumva Gatete atanga itegeko ryo kujyana Munana, mu gihe BBM we yabonye Gatete, Nkundabazungu n’abajepe ubwo « ba »twaraga Munana na Karemera. Ukunyuranya guto mu buryo Munana yatwawe ntigukanganye kubera ahantu hatandukanye bareberaga ibintu, igihe gishize ibintu bibabaye ndetse n’umwuka mubi wari uhari.

328. BUY na BV bari mu kiriziya kandi ntibabonye Gatete kugera igihe basohokeye. Amaze gusohoka, BUY yabonye bajyana Munana. N’ubwo atabonye Gatete ategeka ko bajyana uyu nyakwigendera cyangwa afatanya n’abandi kumujyana, birashoboka ko yasohotse mu kiriziya itegeko ryamaze gutangwa. Kuba yarareberaga ibintu ahantu hatandukanye n’ah’abandi bishobora na byo gutuma umuntu yumva impamvu uyu mutangabuhamya atabonye Gatete ubwo batwaraga Munana. Byongeye kandi, nk’uko byavuzwe, kuba yibuka ko hari Interahamwe aho kuba abasirikare ntibifite agaciro kanini kubera ko ibyo byiciro byombi by’abagabye igitero byari kuri kiriziya muri icyo gitondo. Kuba BVS atavuga ko batwaye Munana bishobora kuba biterwa n’uko batwara Munana na Karemera we yari akiri mu kiriziya cyangwa akaba atari abazi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nta wavuga ko ubuhamya bwa BBP na BBM ku ruhande rumwe, n’ubwa BUY na BVS ku rundi ruhande, buvuguruzanya byanze bikunze.

329. Mu buhamya batanze mu Rukiko, BUY na BVS bavuze ko impunzi zimaze gusohoka mu kiriziya, abantu babonye Gatete kuri paruwasi, hafi y’umuryango wa kiriziya. BBP na BVS bavuga ko Gatete yari ahari igihe impunzi z’Abatutsi zatandukanywaga n’iz’Abahutu. BVS yabonye Gatete ahagaze ku ruhande, hafi y’umuryango winjira mu kigo cya paruwasi ubwo impunzi z’Abahutu zatandukanywaga n’izindi. BUY yibuka ko yabonye Gatete impunzi z’Abahutu zimaze gukurwa mu zindi. Cyakora, uko kunyuranya 240/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 177 kwabo gushobora kuba guterwa n’ahantu hatandukanye abantu bareberaga ibyabaga ndetse n’umubare w’abantu bari bahari. BBP, BBM na BUY babonye kandi bumva Uregwa aha Interahamwe amategeko yeruye yo kwica impunzi z’Abatutsi, naho BVS we amubona akora ikimenyetso n’ukuboko yereka Interahamwe. Ibimenyetso bishinja byerekana ku buryo budahuzagurika ko abagabye igitero, barimo abasirikare, bahise birara mu mpunzi bakoresheje intwaro gakondo n’imbunda390.

330. BUY ni we mutangabuhamya wenyine wongeye kubona Gatete kuri paruwasi mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa. Kuba nta bandi batangabuhamya bashinja babonye Gatete icyo gihe nta gaciro kanini bifite, kuko BBP na BBM bashobora kuba barasimbukiye cyangwa bakajugunywa mu cyobo rusange, BVS akaba yari yaguye igihumura hafi y’icyo cyobo, BBJ we yinaze mu kigega cy’amazi, naho BCS yakomeretse aryamye mu biro by’umupadiri.

331. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma ubuhamya bushinja rubugereranya n’ubushinjura. Ubwunganizi bwatanze ibimenyetso bivuga ko ku itariki ya 11 Mata, nta muntu wabonye Gatete kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kandi ko igitero cyari kiyobowe na Nkundabazungu. Ubwunganizi bushingira ku buhamya bw’abagabo biboneye ibyabaye ari bo LA84, LA27, Jean-Damscène Kampayana na LA32. Aba batangabuhamya bose bari kuri iyo paruwasi ku itariki ya 11 Mata ariko bavuga ko batahabonye Gatete. Ubwunganizi bushingira kandi ku buhamya bwa Augustin Habakubaho, wari umusirikare. Uyu ntiyari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro uwo munsi, ariko avuga ukuntu ibintu byari bimeze nabi n’ukuntu FPR yagendaga isatira muri ako karere. Yumvise ko abasirikare bakoze 390 BUY avuga ko nta masasu yarasiwe mu kigo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

72. Urugereko rusanga ibi bintu atari ingenzi. Amasasu ashobora kuba yarasiwe hanze y’ikigo ariko bamwe mu batangabuhamya bakibwira ko yarasiwe mbere. Byongeye kandi, kubera ibibazo impunzi zari zifite muri icyo gihe, Urugereko rusanga uku kunyuranya nta gaciro kanini kwahabwa. 239/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 178 ubwicanyi kuri paruwasi, ariko ko mbere yaho abajandarume bari bararindiye impunzi umutekano.

332. Urugereko rwasuzumanye ubushishozi ibimenyetso byatanzwe, ruzirikana ko, mu gutangira ibimenyetso ibyo buvuga bushaka ko Urugereko rushidikanya ku bivugwa na Porokireri, Ubwunganizi nta nshingano yihariye bufite 391. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ari LA84, LA27, Kampayana na LA32 bose baragize uruhare mu gitero no mu guhamba abantu bakiguyemo cyangwa muri kimwe muri ibyo bikorwa. Urugereko rusanga aba batangabuhamya, cyane cyane LA84, LA27 na Kampayana, bapfobya uruhare bagize mu bwicanyi bityo bakaba batakwizerwa392. Kuba LA32 yarahunze ubutabera na byo bituma umuntu yakemanga ukwizerwa kwe393. Rumaze gusuzuma birambuye ubuhamya bwabo 391 Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Zigiranyirazo mu bujurire, ibika 17-18. 392 Biragoye kwemera ibyo LA84 avuga ko nta muntu yishe kandi yari mu gitero cyagabwe ku itariki ya 9 Mata, no mu bwicanyi bwakorewe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 71-72; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup.

11. Ubuhamya bwa LA84 kandi buvuguruzwa n’ibyo LA32 amuvugaho ko yari « umunyarugomo yitwara nk’izindi Nterahamwe zari ku muryango winjira kuri paruwasi » ndetse ko « yashoboraga kukwica uramutse ugerageje guhunga », inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 96-97, 103. LA27 avuga ko mu bitero yagiyemo (ku matariki ya 7, 9 na 11 Mata), yafatanyije n’abandi kwica umuntu umwe gusa, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 66-67. Urugereko rufite amakenga ku buhamya bwa Kampayana uvuga ko ajya kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro atari ajyanywe no gukora ubwicanyi, ko ahubwo yari ajyanywe no gushaka inshuti ye, kandi ko, uretse kubahiriza itegeko ryo gutwara imirambo, nta kindi yakoze uretse guhagarara ku muryango winjira kuri paruwasi kugeza ubwicanyi burangiye, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 25-28, 40. Nk’uko LA32 abivuga, Kampayana yari ahagaze ku muryango munini winjira kuri paruwasi, abuza abantu gusohoka muri icyo kigo kandi yari afite urugomo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 97. 393 LA32 yemera ko yahunze ava mu Rwanda mbere yo kurangiza imirimo nsimburagifungo yari igize igice kimwe cy’igihano cye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 84-87, 103; Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 36 (itegeko ryo gufungura ryanditse mu kinyarwanda). 238/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 179 rubugereranya n’ubuhamya simusiga, budahuzagurika kandi bushyigikirana bwatanzwe na BBP, BBM, BUY na BVS, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa LA84, LA27, Kampayana na LA32 budahagije ngo bube bwatuma rushidikanya ku bivugwa na Porokireri.

333. Ibyo ari byo byose, n’iyo Urugereko rwakwemera ubuhamya bushinjura, ubwo buhamya nta gaciro kanini rwabuha, kubera ko nta n’umwe mu batangabuhamya bashinjura washoboye gukurikirana ibintu byose byaberaga kuri paruwasi no kubona abantu bose bari bahari. By’umwihariko, LA84 ntiyabonye ikintu na kimwe cyabereye muri icyo kigo, cyangwa mu « gace kari kazitiye »394. Ntiyagumye ahantu hamwe kandi yemera ko hashobora kuba hari abandi bantu395. Yashoboraga rero kutabona Gatete n’iyo uyu aza kuba ari muri icyo kigo. Nk’urugero, ntiyabonye abagabye igitero batwara Munana396, kandi icyo gihe ni bwo abatangabuhamya bashinja babonye Gatete mu kigo. 394 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 68, 76 (« Siniboneye ubwanjye ibintu byabereye imbere mu kigo cya paruwasi – cyangwa ahantu hari hazitiye»). 395 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 65, 70; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 14 (« Wenda hari abandi bantu nari nzi ariko simbabone»); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 56 (ifoto yerekana aho Paruwasi ya Kiziguro yari iri). 396 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 13 (« Nari hanze ya kiliziya, inyuma y’uruzitiro rwo mu gipadiri »). Byongeye kandi, LA84 avuga ko yagumye hanze, imbere y’ikigo cya paruwasi, kugeza ubwicanyi burangiye mu masaa cyenda cyangwa saa kumi z’amanywa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 73-75, 76 (« hanze y’amazu ya kiriziya ariko mu gipangu cya paruwasi, ku kibuga cy’imikino»; « hirya y’uruzitiro, si imbere mu kiriziya»). Ntashobora rero kuba yarabonye Gatete imbere mu gipangu cya paruwasi, mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa nk’uko umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BUY yamubonye. Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 60, 77. 237/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 180 334. Ku byerekeye LA27, nyuma y’igitero cya mbere cyagabwe ku kiriziya, uyu mutangabuhamya yahugiye mu gutwara imirambo ayijyana ku mva rusange397. Yemera ko Gatete ashobora kuba yari aho hantu ariko akaba ataramubonye398. N’ubwo yageze aho agahindura ibyo yavugaga, yemera ko ari ku cyobo rusange atashoboraga kubona mu mbuga y’imbere ya paruwasi cyangwa ngo ashobore kuhabona ari imbere mu kiriziya. Amaze gusohoka muri icyo kigo, ntiyashoboraga kubona ibyaberaga imbere399. Avuga ko imbere mu kigo hari abantu bagera kuri 800. Kubera izo mpamvu, n’iyo Gatete aza kuba ari aho hantu, LA27 yashoboraga kutamubona400. 397 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 49-50, 52-53, 71, 74. 398 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 71-72 (« Ikibazo: Ndakubaza niba bishoboka ko Jean- Baptiste Gatete yaba yari ahari ariko wowe ntumubone. Birashoboka cyangwa ntibishoboka? Igisubizo: Birashoboka. »). 399 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 72-73. N’ubwo BUY yabonye Gatete imbere mu kigo cya paruwasi ahagana saa cyenda z’amanywa, Urugereko rusanga ibyo bitavuga ko LA27 na we yabonye, byanze bikunze, Uregwa niba icyo gihe uyu mutangabuhamya yari mu gikorwa cyo kujyana imirambo ku cyobo rusange cyangwa yari kuri icyo cyobo. 400 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup.

73. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo LA27 avuga ko yabonye iyicwa rya Munana, nta mutangabuhamya ushinja n’umwe uvuga ko Gatete yari ahari igihe Munana yicwaga. Ahubwo bavuga ko Munana yavanywe aho izindi mpunzi zari ziri. BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 19, 42-43 (Munana yajyanywe hanze y’ikigo); BBM, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 66-67 (Karemera na Munana bakuwe aho hantu); BUY, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 56-57 (abagabye igitero babanje gutwara umwarimu witwa Munana); BBJ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22, 65-66 (Karemera na Munana ntibiciwe aho hantu kandi uyu mutangabuhamya ntazi aho babajyanye). BVS ntavuga ko batwaye Munana. Byongeye kandi, nta mutangabuhamya ushinja n’umwe uvuga ko yabonye Gatete igihe igitero LA27 yarimo cyagabwaga mu kiriziya, kandi ntawabonye Uregwa mu kiriziya imbere. Ahubwo, abatangabuhamya bashinja biswe BUY na BVS bari mu kiriziya, babonye Gatete bamaze gusohoka. Icyo gihe iyo LA27 aza kuba mu kiriziya cyangwa aho Munana yiciwe, ntaba yarabonye Uregwa byanze bikunze. Kuba LA27 atarabonye Gatete mu gihe igitero cyarimo kuba, bisobanura na none impamvu 236/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 181 335. Kampayana we avuga ko yajyanye imirambo ku cyobo rusange, ava kuri paruwasi mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa. Yemera kandi ko atashoboraga kubona buri wese mu bantu bari kuri paruwasi. Mu by’ukuri, nk’uko uyu mutangabuhamya abivuga, aho hantu hari abantu babarirwa hagati ya 900 na 1.000401. Byongeye kandi, ubwo yari mu gikorwa cyo kujyana imirambo ku cyobo rusange, yinjiraga mu kiriziya anyuze mu muryango werekeza ku gipadiri maze agasohokera mu muryango munini. Ibyo rero byatumaga adashobora kubona abantu bose bari mu kigo cya paruwasi402.

336. Ku byerekeye LA32, uyu mutangabuhamya we yageze kuri paruwasi hagati ya saa saba na saa munani z’amanywa, ubwicanyi hafi ya bwose bwarangije. Yavanye imirambo igera ku icumi ku kiriziya no mu gipangu bya paruwasi ayijyana ku cyobo rusange, aza kuva aho hantu mu masaa kumi z’igicamunsi403. Ntiyari rero ku kiriziya igitero gitangira, igihe batangiraga gukuraho imirambo cyangwa igihe ubwicanyi hafi ya bwose bwakorwaga. Ubwo yajyanaga imirambo ku cyobo rusange, ntiyashoboraga kubona atavuga ko yakoranye icyaha n’Uregwa mu bwemeracyaha bwe muri Gacaca. Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 30-31. 401 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 33, 34 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 52-53. 402 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 41-42; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 60 (ifoto No 2 ya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro); Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 61 (ifoto No 4 ya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro). Kampayana ntiyagiye ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru cyari iruhande rw’ikigo cya paruwasi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 43-44. 403 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 71, 75, 94, 101 (« … abantu bari bishwe. Hari hasigaye gusa umurimo wo gutwara imirambo yari mu kiriziya no hanze mu mbuga»). 235/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 182 abantu bose igihe cyose, ku buryo iyo Gatete aza kuba ari kuri paruwasi, nk’uko BUY abivuga, atari kumubona [Gatete] byanze bikunze.404 337. Muri make rero, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bw’abatangabuhamya bashinjura ari bo LA84, LA27, Kampayana na LA32 butakwizerwa cyane ndetse bufite n’agaciro gake, bityo bukaba budahagije kugira ngo rube rwashidikanya ku bimenyetso simusiga kandi bidahuzagurika Porokireri yatanze.

338. Ubwunganizi bwifashisha kandi ubuhamya bwa Habakubaho kugira ngo bugaragaze urwego igitero cyo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro cyagabwemo. N’ubwo atari kuri paruwasi, Habakubaho yibuka ko FPR yari yagabye ibitero ku ngabo za Leta y’icyo gihe muri Muvumba, Ngarama, Gituza na Rurenge. Abasirikare bahunze urugamba bavuze ukuntu bateye Paruwasi ya Kiziguro bakahakorera ubwicanyi405. Kampayana avuga kandi ku mibereho mu nkambi z’impunzi zari hafi aho n’uruhare abantu bakuwe mu byabo bagize mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro406. Mu by’ukuri, ibyo avuga bihuye n’ibivugwa mu bimenyetso bishinja bigaragaza ko bamwe mu bagabye icyo gitero bari 404 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 101 (« Ntushobora kubona buri muntu igihe cyose. Abantu bari urujya n’uruza, ariko hari abantu nashoboraga kubona. Nk’urugero, iyo nabaga mvuye ku cyobo rusange njya ku kiriziya, sinashoboraga kubona ibyaberaga ku cyobo rusange. Kandi ni byari bimeze iyo navaga ku kiriziya nkajya ku cyobo rusange, sinamenyaga ibibera ku kiriziya. …Sinakurikiranye ibyo buri muntu yakoraga. Ubwo twarimo gutwara imirambo, buri muntu yari afite umurambo we atwaye, bityo rero ntitwashoboraga kumenya ibyakorwaga n’abandi bantu batari mu gikorwa cyo gutwara imirambo»). 405 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 50. 406 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 14-15, 23-25. 234/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 183 abasirikare n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare, barimo abantu bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara407.

339. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko ibintu byarushagaho kugenda bimera nabi muri ako karere kandi ko hari imirwano hagati y’ingabo z’u Rwanda z’icyo gihe (FAR) n’iza FPR. Cyakora, kuba abasirikare n’abantu bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara baragiye muri icyo gitero, ndetse n’umutekano ukaba wari muke muri ako karere, ntibyatuma Urugereko rushidikanya ku bimenyetso bishinja bigaragaza ko Gatete na we yagize uruhare muri ubwo bwicanyi. Urugereko rusanga kandi bidahagije kuvuga ko igitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kitari cyateguwe. Ahubwo, hashingiwe ku mubare w’abagabye icyo gitero, ibyiciro barimo, abategetsi bakigizemo uruhare n’umubare w’abakorewe ibyaha muri icyo gitero, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko icyo gitero cyari cyarateguwe neza ngo gihitane abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi.

340. Urugereko rusanga kandi hari ibimenyetso bishinjura bivuga ko hari abandi bantu bagize uruhare rw’ingenzi mu gukoranya abagabye icyo gitero no mu kubaha amategeko. Mu by’ukuri, ibimenyetso bishinja n’ibishinjura bigaragaza ko Augustin Nkundabazungu, wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, na Gaspard Kamali wari konseye bari muri icyo gitero kandi bahaga abari bakigabye amabwiriza. Cyakora, ibi ntibivuguruza, byanze bikunze, ibimenyetso bivuga ko na Gatete yari aho hantu ndetse akagira uruhare rw’ubuyobozi muri icyo gitero. Ahubwo, bishyize mu gaciro kuvuga ko abategetsi bafatanyije, kandi ko bagombaga gukoranya amagana y’abagabaga ibitero kugira ngo babashe kwica abasiviri 407 Nk’urugero, reba BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 18-20 (abasirikare), 36 (abagabye igitero barimo abantu bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi za Bidudu, Muvumba, Ngarama, Kiyombe na Mutara). 233/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 184 b’Abatutsi babarirwaga mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi bari kuri paruwasi, mbere y’uko FPR ibageraho.

341. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso bishinjura bidahagije ngo rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya simusiga kandi budahuzagurika bwatanzwe na BBP, BBM, BUY na BVS mu Rukiko, kimwe n’ubwatanzwe na BBJ na BCS mu gihe bufite ubundi bubushyigikira408. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze byaragaragajwe ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ku matariki ya 8, 9 na 10 Mata, Gatete yageze kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro akavugana n’abajandarume barindaga ikigo cya paruwasi, ndetse n’abapadiri. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata, Gatete yahageze ari kumwe na Gaspard Kamali wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kiziguro na Augustin Nkundabazungu, wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, maze bakura abantu bamwe kuri paruwasi. Byageze mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata abajandarume n’abapadiri bavuye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro.

342. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata mu gitondo, Gatete yagarutse kuri paruwasi ari kumwe na Nkundabazungu, Konseye Kamali n’abasirikare. Aho kuri paruwasi hari kandi n’Interahamwe n’abandi basiviri bitwaraga gisirikare barimo abantu bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi zari hafi aho. Impunzi zari mu kiriziya zasohowe ku ngufu zijya mu mbuga yo mu kigo cya paruwasi. Abatutsi bitwa Munana na Karemera bakuwe mu zindi mpunzi bitegetswe na Gatete. Byongeye kandi, impunzi z’Abatutsi zatandukanyijwe n’iz’Abahutu maze Gatate ategeka Interahamwe kwica impunzi z’Abatutsi. Bagendera ku mabwiriza ya Gatete, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga 408 Kugira ngo rufate uyu mwanzuro, Urugereko rwanasuzumye ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ko hari gahunda yo guharabika Gatete. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 35-58; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

8. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso bivugwa n’Ubwunganizi bidahagije kugira ngo rube rwashidikanya ku bimenyetso byakwizerwa kandi bitavuguruzanya batanzwe na Porokireri nk’uko byasuzumwe hejuru. 232/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 185 gisirikare bagabye igitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi bakoresheje intwaro gakondo zinyuranye, ariko bamwe muri bo bakoresheje imbunda. Abasirikare bagose Abatutsi kugira ngo badahunga. Kubera ibyo, Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana ndetse bashobora no kugera mu bihumbi barishwe maze imirambo ishyirwa mu cyobo cyari hafi aho cyakoreshejwe nk’imva rusange. Abatutsi bari bafite ingufu bategetswe kujyana imirambo ku cyobo rusange kandi baherekezwaga n’abasirikare. Kugira ngo bashobore kumenyekana ku buryo bworoshye, abagabo b’Abatutsi bategetswe kwikuramo amashati mu gihe batwaraga imirambo. Bamaraga kugera kuri icyo cyobo na bo bakicwa imirambo yabo ikajugunywamo. Kwica abo bantu no kujyana imirambo muri icyo cyobo byamaze amasaha menshi, kandi byarakomeje kugera nimugoroba. Byari ngombwa gukura imirambo yose aho hantu mbere y’uko FPR ihagera. 5.3.2 Ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato byabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro 343. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko Gatete yategetse abantu gukora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsikazi byabereye ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, arabihagarikira, kandi na we ubwe akora ibyo bikorwa. Icyo gihe abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwaga mu bihumbi bari barahungiye kuri icyo kigo cyari kigizwe na kiriziya n’ibitaro. Porokireri ntiyatanze ibimenyetso bijyanye n’igitero cyakurikiwe n’ibikorwa

byo gusambanya ku gahato byabereye ku bitaro bya Kiziguro. Ntiyanatanze ibimenyetso byerekana ko Gatete yitabiriye ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya abatangabuhamya biswe BUY na BVS batanze mu Rukiko bavuga ko Interahamwe zasambanyije ku gahato abagore n’abakobwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro409. Ubwunganizi 409 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 19, 31, 34; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 287-288, 294-295. 231/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 186 buhakana icyo kirego bwifashishije ubuhamya bwa LA84, LA27, Jean-Damascène Kampayana na LA32410.

344. Mbere na mbere, ku byerekeranye n’ibimenyetso bishinja, umutangabuhamya wiswe BUY yabonye Interahamwe zijyana abagore n’abakobwa ahantu hatari kure y’aho impunzi zari ziri. Nyuma yaho, yumvise abantu batakira aho hantu ariko ntiyarebye muri icyo cyerekezo. Akurikije uko batakaga, yahise yibwira ko abo bagore n’abakobwa basambanyijwe ku gahato. Umwe mu bagore bari bajyanywe aho hantu yaje kubwira uyu mutangabuhamya ibyamubayeho. Cyakora, nta yandi makuru yatanzwe ku byerekeranye n’ibyo uyu mutangabuhamya yabwiwe411. Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bugufi bwa BUY budafite agaciro kanini kubera ko atiboneye igikorwa na kimwe cyo gusambanya ku gahato kandi ntavuga ko Gatete yategetse Interahamwe cyangwa abandi bantu bagabye igitero gusambanya ku gahato abagore n’abakobwa. Byongeye kandi, uyu mutangabuhamya ntanavuga ko yari aho hantu ubwo abo bagore n’abakobwa batwarwaga cyangwa ubwo ibyo bikorwa bivugwa byo gusambanya ku gahato byabaga.

345. N’ubwo BVS avuga ko yabonye Interahamwe zisambanya ku gahato abakobwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, uyu mutangabuhamya ntavuga ko Gatete yari aho hantu, cyangwa ko yategetse abantu gukora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato412. Byongeye kandi, ubuhamya bwatanzwe kuri iki kirego ni bugufi cyane kandi ntibunasobanutse neza. 410 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 601, 605-609, 634–640. 411 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 21 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 61 (« Twirinze kureba muri icyo cyerekezo, kandi twumvaga abantu bataka. Ntitwari kuyoberwa ko umuntu arimo gutemwa cyangwa gusambanywa ku gahato. Umuntu yashoboraga gutandukanya icyateraga abantu gutaka. Twashoboye rero kumenya ibyabaga dukurikije uko abantu bakorerwaga ibyaha batakaga»), 62, 75. 412 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 9-10. 230/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 187 Urugereko rusanga rero ubwo buhamya budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rufata umwanzuro udashidikanywaho.

346. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ibimenyetso bishinjura bivuga ko abagore n’abakobwa bajyanywe iruhande maze bakaza kwicwa nyuma413. Urugereko rusanga ibyo bintu biteye amakenga. Cyakora, ibimenyetso bishinja ntibihagije mu kwerekana, nta gushidikanya, ko Gatete yategetse abantu gukora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato abagore n’abakobwa kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, akabihagarikira, cyangwa na we ubwe agakora ibyo bikorwa cyangwa akabigiramo uruhare urwo ari rwo rwose. Kugira ngo rugere kuri uyu mwanzuro, Urugereko rwanazirikanye umwanzuro warwo ku byerekeranye no kuba Gatete yaratanze itegeko ryo gukora ubwicanyi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. N’ubwo bishoboka ko yanatanze amategeko yo gusambanya ku gahato abagore n’abakobwa b’Abatutsikazi, Urugereko rusanga uwo atari wo mwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe. 413 LA84, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Werurwe 2010, imp. 67–68, 74-75 (Nkundabazungu yakuye abagore bamwe mu kiriziya abajyana mu mbuga yari ku mashuri abanza hepfo ya kiriziya. Barindwaga n’Interahamwe n’abasirikare); LA27, 10 Werurwe 2010, imp. 48-49 (Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare bakoranyirije abagore b’Abatutsikazi mu kibuga kugira ngo baze kubica); Kampayana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 30 (Nkundabazungu, Interahamwe, abasirikare n’abajandarume bajyanye abagore bagera kuri 50 ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Nyuma yaho, uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise ko bishwe). LA32, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010 imp. 71, 74-75, 89-92 (Abagore b’Abatutsikazi n’abana bakoranyirijwe ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Bishwe mu masaa kumi z’umugoroba). 229/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 188 6. PARUWASI YA MUKARANGE, TARIKI YA 12 MATA 1994 6.1 Intangiriro 347. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki ya 10 cyangwa ya 11 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi y’ayo matariki, Gatete na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza bajyanye Interahamwe n’abasirikare bitwaje intwaro ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Mukarange muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. Bose hamwe bagabye igitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi zari aho hantu. Kubera ibikorwa bya Gatete, Abatutsi basambanyijwe ku gahato kandi baricwa. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe AWF, BVP na BVR414.

348. Ubwunganizi ntibuhakana ko Abatutsi bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange guhera ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994, kandi ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata bagabweho igitero kigizwe n’abaturage bo muri ako gace, abantu bigeze kuba mu gisirikare n’abajandarume. Nyamara ariko, Ubwunganizi ntibwemera ko Gatete yagize uruhare muri icyo gitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata, kandi buvuga ko nta bimenyetso byatanzwe bigaragaza ko hari ubugizi bwa nabi bwakorewe kuri iyo paruwasi ku itariki ya 10 cyangwa iya 11 Mata, cyangwa se ko hari ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato byaba byarahakorewe muri uko 414 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 22, 32, 35, 41; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 45-47, 75 (iii)-(vii), 84, 108, 254 (hakuwemo urugero rwatanzwe mu gika cya 22 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego havugwamo ko umugore witwaga Odette yajyanye umwana we hanze ya Paruwasi ya Mukarange hanyuma bombi bagahita bicwa, kandi ko Padiri Bosco wari Padiri Mukuru w’iyo paruwasi yasabye Gatete guhagarika ubwicanyi ariko akanga); Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 2, 4-5, 13-14, 22. 228/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 189 kwezi. Ubwunganizi bushingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe LA44, LA50, n’ubwa Innocent Habyalimana415. 6.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe AWF 349. Umutangabuhamya wiswe AWF ni Umututsi. Mu wa 1994 yari umunyeshuri, akaba yarabaga muri Segiteri ya Mukarange, Komine ya Muhazi. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata, we n’umuryango we bahunze ubwicanyi Abahutu bakoreraga Abatutsi muri segiteri yabagamo. Bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, bahagera uwo munsi. Byageze ku itariki ya 9 Mata hamaze gukoranira impunzi ziri hagati ya 1.500 na 2.500. Gatete yageze kuri paruwasi mu masaa sita z’amanywa, ari mu ikamyoneti ya Daihatsu y’ubururu. Yari kumwe na Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, Samson Gashumba wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Mukarange, n’umuntu witwaga Ngabonzima wakoreraga Ikigo cy’ubukerarugendo na za parike, hamwe n’abajandarume barindwi cyangwa umunani. Ako gatsiko kahagaze ahantu hatari kure y’uyu mutangabuhamya. Abo bandi binjiye mu kigo, ariko Gatete we aguma hanze ku muryango416. 415 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 92, 644, 715-772, 812, 836, 845, 857, 1104-1106, 1172, 1189, 1282-1283; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 36-38, 52-55. 416 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri Nº 8 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 39, 43-46, 48-49, 56, 58-59, 66-67, 69. Urugereko rusanga AWF yaravuze izina rya « Ngabozima ». Hari ahandi uyu muntu yiswe « Ngabonzima ». Urugereko rwakoresheje izina ryagiye rikoreshwa kenshi mu nyandikomvugo z’ubuhamya, ruzirikana ko ubwo buhamya bugaragaza neza ko abatangabuhamya bavugaga ku muntu umwe. 227/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 190 350. Abajandarume bategetse impunzi kujya ku mirongo bakurikije segiteri zabo kugira ngo bazibare. Impunzi zarumviye kubera ko abajandarume bari bazijeje umutekano. Abapadiri babiri, ari bo Padiri Gatare wari Umututsi na Padiri Bosco wari Umuhutu, bari aho. Umwe mu bapadiri uyu mutangabuhamya yabanje kuvuga ko ari Gatare, hanyuma akavuga ko ari Bosco, yanze kwitandukanya n’impunzi, ahubwo azisaba kuva kuri iyo mirongo. Ubwo yahise yicwa, kandi Gatete nta cyo yavuze. Impunzi zimaze kuva ku mirongo, Gatete yavuye aho mu modoka ari kumwe n’abo bari bazanye. Kugeza icyo gihe impunzi nke gusa ni zo zari zabazwe417.

351. Ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 11 Mata, impunzi zagerageje kwirwanaho zikumira ibitero by’Abahutu. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, ahagana saa kumi za mu gitondo, Interahamwe noneho ni zo zagabye igitero ku mpunzi zikoresheje amagerenade. Impunzi, zarimo n’uyu mutangabuhamya, zirwanyeho icyo gitondo cyose. Kera kabaye igitondo kijya kurangira zabashije gutsinsura abagabye igitero maze bihindira ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru cyari nko muri metero 200 uvuye kuri paruwasi. Imirwano yakomeje kubera kuri icyo kibuga418.

352. Nyuma yaho Gatete yagarutse muri ya Daihatsu yari yajemo ku itariki ya 9 Mata. Yari itwawe n’umuliyetona w’umujandarume, kandi Gatete na Senkware bari bicaye imbere, naho mu gice cy’inyuma harimo Gashumba, Ngabonzima n’abajandarume babiri. Gatete, Senkware n’uwo muliyetona bavuye mu modoka maze bapakururamo amasanduku y’amagerenade. Bamaze gufungura ayo masanduku, Ngabonzima yahaye amagerenade 417 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 46, 59, 69. 418 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 46-48. 226/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 191 Interahamwe zari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Gatete yamaze kuri icyo kibuga « igihe kitari gito »419.

353. Hatewe gerenade imwe mu mbaga y’Abatutsi bari kumwe n’uyu mutangabuhamya maze ihitana umugabo witwaga Munyagipimo. Icyo gihe Gatete yari mu Nterahamwe arimo akora ibimenyetso biherekeza amagambo yavugaga. Interahamwe zakomeje gutera amagerenade mu mpunzi, Abatutsi bari hepfo y’amashuri yari inyuma ya paruwasi hafi y’ikibuga cy’umupira na bo bazitera amabuye. Izindi mpunzi zarishwe, izisigaye zihungira ahagana ku rukuta rw’ikigo cya paruwasi. Ubwo Interahamwe zakurikiye izo mpunzi zikomeza kuzigabaho igitero kuva nka saa kumi kugeza saa kumi n’ebyiri za nimugoroba. Zakomerekeje impunzi zari mu kigo cya paruwasi n’izari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru420.

354. Abagabye igitero bari bateguye ilisiti noneho bagahamagara abantu bayanditseho. Abari kuri iyo lisiti basohorwaga mu kigo bakajyanwa ahantu hari igiti cyari cyaraguye imbere ya paruwasi hafi y’umuhanda. Babamburaga imyenda, bakabaca imitwe hanyuma 419 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 48-50, 54, 60 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 68. AWF yavuze ati imodoka yaje « aho twari turi ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

48. AWF yari ahagaze kuri icyo kibuga, muri metero ziri hagati ya 30 na 50 z’aho batangiraga amagerenade. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 50. 420 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 47, 50-52, 60-61, 63. AWF ntiyashoboraga kumva ibyo Gatete yavugaga, ariko arebye uko yakoraga ibimenyetso biherekeza amagambo yavugaga, yibwiye ko yariho aha Interahamwe amabwiriza. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 51. 225/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 192 « bakabatemagura ». Imitwe yabo yagwaga mu cyobo kirekire cyari aho. Abagabye igitero biraye mu bantu batari kuri iyo lisiti bari mu kigo421.

355. AWF yari mu bantu bajyanywe hanze ahari ingiga y’igiti kandi bambuwe imyenda, ariko yashoboye kwiruka aracika. Icyo gihe umubare w’impunzi wari hagati ya 4.000 na 6.000. Mu kigo cya paruwasi, hanze y’ikigo no ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hari huzuye imirambo. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko agereranyije ubwo yahungaga hari hamaze kwicwa abantu bagera ku 5.000. Muri abo harimo se na bashiki be batatu. Nyina we yari yakomerekejwe bikomeye n’ibisate bya gerenade422. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BVP 356. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVP ni Umututsi, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi, aba muri Segiteri ya Mukarange, Komine ya Muhazi. Nyuma ya saa sita ku itariki ya 8 Mata, we n’umuryango we ni bwo bageze kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange bahunga ubwicanyi bwibasiraga Abatutsi bwakorwaga n’Interahamwe cyangwa Abahutu. Icyo gihe kuri paruwasi hari abantu bagera ku 2.000, kandi abenshi muri bo bakomokaga muri Komine ya Kayonza. Mu mpunzi harimo Abahutu n’Abatutsi423.

357. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, umubare w’impunzi zari zimaze kugera kuri paruwasi wari hagati ya 3.000 na 5.000. Uwo munsi, uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye kuri paruwasi hafi ya saa 421 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 52 (« Batemaguraga abo bari basanzwe bazi, kandi babajyanaga hanze y’ikigo cya paruwasi. … « Abagabye igitero babajyanaga hanze y’ikigo cya paruwasi bakabicira ahantu hari igiti»), 53 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 62. 422 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 53-54. 423 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri Nº 9 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-6, 19-21, 32. BVP yaje kuvuga nyuma ko kuri paruwasi hari impunzi ziri hagati ya 3.000 na 5.000. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 15. 224/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 193 kumi za mu gitondo ajya gushakira abana be ibiribwa. Agarutse yasanze Interahamwe z’Abahutu ziri hagati ya 8.000 na 10.000 zagose paruwasi. Nyinshi muri izo Nterahamwe zari ku kibuga cya paruwasi, izindi ziri hafi y’amacumbi y’abapadiri cyangwa se zagose ikigo cya paruwasi. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagize ubwoba yihisha mu gashyamba kari inyuma y’izamu rimwe ry’ikibuga cy’umupira cyari nko muri metero 120 cyangwa 130 uvuye ku kigo cya paruwasi424.

358. Hashize nk’isaha, yabonye Gatete aza mu ikamyoneti ya Daihatsu irimo Interahamwe, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zarakomokaga mu gace uyu mutangabuhamya yari atuyemo. Zaje ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru ziturutse mu cyerekezo cya paruwasi425.

359. Gatete yavuye mu modoka noneho ahagarara nko mu ntambwe 50 cyangwa 80 z’aho uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe. Ubwo Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe zari zagose Abatutsi kuri paruwasi ko azanye intwaro zo kuzongerera ingufu mu kwica « abanzi b’Abahutu, ari bo Inyenzi n’Inkotanyi ». BVP yumvise ko Gatete yashakaga kuvuga Abatutsi. Gatete yavuze kandi ko abaturage bo muri ako gace bari « barangaye » kuko Abatutsi bose bo muri Murambi bari bamaze kwicwa. Ubwo yahaye Interahamwe zari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru amasanduku arimo amagerenade n’imbunda. Izo ntwaro 424 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 6-8, 13-16, 21-22, 28. Igihe BVP yagendaga mu gitondo bwari butaracya. BVP yibwiraga ko Interahamwe zahageze ahagana saa kumi n’ebyiri cyangwa saa moya za mu gitondo kugira ngo zigote paruwasi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

21. Yabanje kuvuga ko yagarutse ahagana saa ine za mu gitondo, ariko nyuma aza kuvuga ko yamaze hanze amasaha ane gusa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

22. Hari Interahamwe nyinshi kurenza impunzi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 16. 425 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7-9, 15-17, 21-22, 36. BVP yavuze ko Gatete yari Interahamwe « nkuru » kandi « ikomeye », ko yari « umukuru » w’Interahamwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7, 9, 16. 223/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 194 zatangiwe hafi y’izamu rimwe ry’ikibuga cy’umupira. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe mu gashyamba inyuma y’iryo zamu. Gatete yabanje gupakuruza amasandaku atatu mu modoka. Barayafunguye noneho Gatete akuramo gerenade imwe ayereka abari aho, nyuma ayiha umwe muri bo, maze abwira abandi ngo batore umurongo buri wese afate gerenade imwe426.

360. Gatete yarakomeje atanga imbunda ndende zasaga na mitarayete [SMG]. Nyuma yaho yahamagaye abantu bavuye mu gisirikare, maze abasaba ko bereka abandi bari mu gitero uko barasa. Hari abarezerivisiti benshi, kandi uyu mutangabuhamya yashoboye kumenyamo nka bane cyangwa batanu bari abaturanyi be427.

361. Nyuma y’itangwa ry’intwaro, Gatete yabwiye abari bagabye igitero « kwica abanzi b’Abahutu, ari bo Batutsi ». Yafashe imbunda arasa gatatu mu kirere agira ngo atange ikimenyetso cyo gutangira ubwicanyi. Ubwo abari mu gitero batangiye kugaba igitero kuri paruwasi bakoresheje intwaro Gatete yari yazanye. Interahamwe zakoreshaga imipanga, inkota n’izindi ntwaro gakondo428.

362. Ubwo igitero cyatangiraga, Gatete yari kumwe na Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, n’« izindi Nterahamwe zikomeye ». Binjiye mu modoka berekeza kuri paruwasi « guhagarikira » igitero. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye aho yari ari nka saa 426 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7, 8-9 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 11-14.

22. BVP yavuze ko agereranyije, intambwe imwe ingana na metero imwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

8. Yashoboraga kubona Gatete nta nkomyi ariko Gatete n’abari mu gitero bo ntibamubonaga. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8-9, 11, 27. 427 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 9, 11-12, 23. BVP yavuze ko imbunda zareshyaga na santimetero zigera kuri 80. Yabonye imbunda zigera kuri 20. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 11. 428 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 14 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 15-16. 222/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 195 saba n’igice z’amanywa. Umugore we, abana be, nyina, ba nyirarume, babyara be na baramu be benshi bari bahungiye kuri paruwasi bose bishwe uwo munsi. Yatanze amazina y’abandi bantu umunani barokotse icyo gitero429. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BVR 363. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVR, ni Umuhutu. Mu wa 1994 yari umufundi, akaba yarabaga muri Segiteri ya Mukarange, Komine ya Muhazi. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, umutegetsi wo muri ako karere witwaga Édouard Kabasha na Ngabonzima wari umuyobozi mu bya politiki akaba kandi yarigeze kuba umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe ubukerarugendo mu Rwanda, yakoranyirije hamwe abantu barimo n’uyu mutangabuhamya. Uwo Ngabonzima yabwiye abari bateraniye aho ko avuye mu nama ku mucuruzi witwa Kanyangoga, bafatiyemo icyemezo ko impunzi z’Abatutsi zari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange zigomba kwicwa. Mu bari muri iyo nama harimo Gatete, Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, Liyetona Twahirwa wategekaga Jandarumori y’i Kayonza, Samson Gashumba wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Mukarange, Rwabagabo wari Burigadiye w’abapolisi ba komine, na Kanyangoga. Nyuma y’iyo nama, hagati ya saa tatu na saa ine za mu gitondo, uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bategetswe kwica Abatutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Ngabonzima yababwiye kandi ko baza kubona « inkunga »,

imbunda n’amagerenade. Uyu mutangabuhamya hamwe n’abandi bantu bagera kuri 200 bari kumwe, bagiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange430. 429 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 15-16, 17 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 27-29; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 3 (amazina y’abantu barokotse). 430 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri Nº 10 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-49, 59 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo). 221/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 196 364. Amaze kugera kuri paruwasi, nyuma ya saa ine za mu gitondo, uyu mutangabuhamya yahabonye Gatete ari kumwe na Liyetona Twahirwa, Burugumesitiri Senkware na Burigadiye Rwabagabo. Bari bazanye imbunda n’abajandarume kandi baje gutera inkunga mu bwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Uyu mutangabuhamya yageze ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru cyari nko muri metero 200 cyangwa 250 uvuye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, hagati ya saa ine na saa tanu za mu gitondo. Agatsiko kamwe k’abari bagabye igitero kari kuri shapeli, ariko uyu mutangabuhamya, na we wari mu bagabye igitero bari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, yumvise bavuga ko intwaro zatanzwe ariko ntiyabonye zitangwa aho kuri shapeli. Gatete waje azanye n’abantu bo gutera inkunga abagombaga kugaba igitero, yabonanye n’abagabye igitero bari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Yari arinzwe n’abajandarume bo muri Komine ya Kayonza. Bahamagaye Interahamwe z’Abahutu zari zaratojwe gukoresha intwaro kandi zari zambaye imyenda ya gisirikare n’amakoma. Gatete yatoranyijemo izari zaratojwe neza hanyuma aziha intwaro431.

365. Nko hagati ya saa ine na saa tanu za mu gitondo, nyuma y’itangwa ry’intwaro, igitero cyaragabwe hakoreshejwe intwaro zari zatanzwe na Gatete. Uretse imbunda n’amagerenade, abagabye igitero banakoresheje intwaro gakondo zirimo imipanga, amacumu, ibibando, imiheto n’imyambi. BVR yari yitwaje umupanga432.

366. Hari abandi bategetsi bari bateguye utundi dutsiko tw’abagombaga kugaba ibitero. BVR yavuze ko agereranyije, abagabye igitero bose hamwe bageraga kuri 800, harimo n’Abahutu bari baturutse mu nkambi z’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara muri Komine 431 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-43, 49-50, 58, 61, 70. 432 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49-50, 60, 63. BVR yavuze ko agereranyije igitero cyatangiye ubwo abandi bantu bo kubatera inkunga bahageraga. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 60. 220/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 197 ya Murambi. Muri ubwo bwicanyi, uyu mutangabuhamya yari akuriwe na Kabasha, na we wari ukuriwe na Ngabonzima433.

367. Abenshi mu bantu bari bahungiye kuri paruwasi bari Abatutsi. Ubwicanyi bugitangira, abategetsi babwiye Abahutu b’impunzi kwitandukanya n’impunzi z’Abatutsi kugira ngo baticwa. Abahutu bagumye mu Batutsi barishwe434.

368. Abagabye igitero basubije Abatutsi inyuma babageza ku rukuta rw’amacumbi y’abapadiri babicira aho. Bamaze gukoresha amagerenade yose Gatete yari yazanye, Ngabonzima yagiye kureba Gatete kugira ngo amusabe andi masasu. Abajandarume bateraga inkunga mu bwicanyi boherejwe i Kayonza hanyuma bagarukana amasasu menshi n’amagerenade, noneho imirwano irakomeza. Igitero cyarangiye butarira, nka saa cyenda z’amanywa. Uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko agereranyije hishwe impunzi z’Abatutsi zirenga 1.700, harimo abagore n’abana435. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA44 369. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA44 ni Umuhutu wari umunyeshuri mu wa 1994, akaba yarabaga muri Segiteri ya Mukarange, Komine ya Muhazi. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata yari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ubwo impunzi zahageraga ziturutse mu duce twa hafi aho. Hari hateraniye impunzi zigera ku 1.500. Umunsi uciye ikibu nyuma ya saa sita, Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza yaje kuri paruwasi ari kumwe n’abajandarume bane n’abapolisi babiri bari mu ikamyoneti ya Toyota Hilux « double 433 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43-44, 47, 60-61. 434 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 60. 435 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49, 58, 60-61, 70-71. Igihe kimwe, abagabye ibitero bavuze ko abagore bagomba kubihorera. Harokotse abagore benshi kurusha abagabo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49, 60-61. 219/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 198 cabin», yahagaze imbere y’ikigo cya paruwasi. Nta wundi mutegetsi yahabonye uwo munsi436.

370. Senkware n’abapolisi babiri binjiye mu kigo cya paruwasi, naho abajandarume bane baguma hanze ku muryango w’ikigo. Senkware yabajije impunzi icyatumye zihunga zitabimumenyesheje. Zamushubije ko we nk’umutegetsi yagombye kuba azi icyo zahunze. Senkware yazibwiye ko nta mpaka ashaka kandi ko « nyuma gato ziza kumenya impamvu yazisuye». Ubwo Senkware na bagenzi be baragiye. Abapadiri bo kuri iyo paruwasi, ari bo Jean-Bosco Munyaneza na « Gatare » bari bahari ariko ntibavugishije Senkware437. 436 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 87 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 56-58, 60-62; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 19-21. LA44 yabashije kumenya ibice bimwe na bimwe bya paruwasi ku mafoto. Reba ibimenyetso bihamya by’Ubwunganizi byahawe Nº 78-80; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 58-60. Abajandarume bambaraga imyenda ya gisirikare kandi umuntu yashoboraga kubamenya kubera ingofero zabo zitukura, mu gihe iz’abasirikare zari umukara. Abapolisi bambaraga imyambaro y’icyatsi kibisi. Senkware ni we wenyine wari wambaye gisiviri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 61; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup.

19. LA44 yari yarigeze kubona iyo kamyoneti ya Toyota ihagaze hanze y’ahantu Senkware yabaga yakoresheje inama. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup.

60. Yemeje ko iyo modoka yari ikamyoneti ya Toyota yera, ko idashobora kuba yari Daihatsu y’ubururu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup.

19. Icyo gihe, umutangabuhamya yari ahagaze hafi y’inzu babikagamo ibintu, imbere mu kigo kandi hafi y’igikoni. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 61; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup. 20. 437 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 60-61, 62 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup.

19. Ari Ngabonzima cyangwa Gashumba ntabari aho. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup.

62. LA44 ntiyari azi amazina yose ya Gatare. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup.

57. Gatare yapfiriye ku kigo cy’ababikira umunsi ukurikiyeho, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup.

62. Nyuma y’igitero cyakoreshejwemo 218/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 199 371. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata mu rukerera, paruwasi yagabweho igitero n’abantu bakoreshaga amagerenade n’intwaro gakondo. Bari bageze nko ku 1.600. Amagerenade yishe umuntu witwaga Gacukuzi akomeretsa n’abandi. Nyuma y’icyo gitero, impunzi zagerageje gusohoka mu kigo, ariko abagabye igitero bateye amabuye bamena amadirishya. Icyo gihe, uyu mutangabuhamya yari mu mpunzi zigera kuri 70 zari mu gikoni. We n’abandi benshi barakomeretse438.

372. Impunzi zagerageje gusubiza inyuma abagabye igitero kugira ngo zibone uko ziva mu kigo. Zimwe zabashije gusohoka noneho imirwano ikomereza hanze imbere y’ikigo no ku kibuga. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari inyuma mu itsinda ry’impunzi ariko bakiri ku kigo cya paruwasi. Ntiyashoboraga kwihuta kubera ko yari yakomeretse. Icyo gihe abajandarume baje mu modoka ya Hilux noneho barasa ku mpunzi zageragezaga guhunga, bituma zisubira inyuma mu kigo cya paruwasi hafi y’amacumbi y’abapadiri. Uyu mutangabuhamya nta muntu n’umwe yabonye muri Hilux yambaye imyenda ya gisiviri, ariko ntiyegereye iyo modoka. Umutegetsi umwe yabonye uwo munsi kuri paruwasi cyangwa ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru ni Uwimana wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kayonza439. amagerenade, abapadiri baraje hanyuma baravuga ngo bigaragara ko nta muntu abagabye igitero bashakaga ko arokoka. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 63. 438 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 63-64; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 3, 5, 21, 23-24, 26-27. 439 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 57; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 3 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 5, 7-8, 11, 25, 29. LA44 yibwiye ko bari abajandarume kubera ko bari bambaye imyambaro ya gisirikare n’ingofero zitukura. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup. 7. 217/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 200 373. Ubwo abagabye igitero bagose ikigo cya paruwasi, batera amabuye hejuru y’inzu ndetse bafungura n’amadirishya ku ngufu. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Padiri Jean-Bosco Munyaneza araswa isasu arapfa. Impunzi zategetswe gusohoka mu kigo cya paruwasi, umwe inyuma y’undi bamanitse amaboko noneho bategekwa kujya ku nzu ya « JOC », ishyirahamwe rishamikiye ku idini. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye umuntu witwa Ngabonzima atanga amabwiriza ariko ntiyamwumvise avuga. Ngabonzima yari ahagaze imbere y’ikigo hafi y’umuryango akorera ibimenyetso impunzi ngo zimanike amaboko kandi zigende zishoreranye umwe inyuma y’undi440.

374. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari mu bantu bajyanywe ku nzu ya JOC. Yari azi bamwe mu bagabye igitero kandi na bo baramumenye. Bamubajije impamvu ari kumwe n’impunzi kandi ari Umuhutu, yasubije ko atari yazanye n’izo mpunzi ko ahubwo na mbere y’uko ziza yabaga kuri paruwasi. We n’abandi Bahutu ntibari bitandukanyije n’impunzi z’Abatutsi kubera ko batumvaga ibyabaga kandi abagabye igitero bakaba bari bafite amahane cyane. Yari yibwiye ko bibasiraga abantu bose. Ikindi kandi ntiyashakaga gutererana abandi bagabwagaho ibitero441.

375. Ubwo impunzi zari kuri JOC, abagabye igitero bazambuye amafaranga zari zifite. Hanyuma izo impunzi zakuwe aho hantu, umwe ku wundi, maze inyinshi muri zo zicirwa LA44 yemeje ko yahunze akajya kure y’aho amasasu yaturukaga. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup. 29. 440 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 62; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8-10, 16; ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 89 (ifoto ya 6 ya Paruwasi ya Mukarange). Gatare yapfiriye ku kigo cy’ababikira ku munsi ukurikiyeho. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, urup. 62. 441 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 10, 15-18, 28, 32-33. 216/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 201 mu ikawa yari hafi aho. Abahutu ntibishwe. Nyuma y’ibyo bintu byabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, uyu mutangabuhamya yahungiye muri Tanzaniya442. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA50 376. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA50 ni Umuhutu. Mu wa 1994, yari umuhinzi kandi akagira n’akabari. Yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Kayonza, Komine ya Kayonza. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, yumviye kuri radiyo iby’urupfu rwa Perezida. Nyuma yo kumva iyo nkuru yagumye iwe kugeza ku itariki ya 9 Mata. Kuri uwo munsi, yavuye iwe hanyuma abona Liyetona Twahirwa ku rugo rw’umugabo witwaga Migabo. Twahirwa yabwiye uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi « kuragira » inka n’intama ze akazabahemba. Yanababwiye ko Inkotanyi zicaga Abahutu muri Perefegitura ya Byumba. Uwo munsi nimugoroba, uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bagiye kwa Karugenge barahasahura. Yagiye kandi mu bitero byahitanye abantu byagabwe ku zindi ngo443.

377. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata nimugoroba, Konseye Uwimana yohereje umuntu kubwira uyu mutangabuhamya ngo akoranyirize abaturage ku mashuri abanza y’i Kayonza maze bahategerereze amabwiriza ya konseye. Kubera ko hari mu bihe by’intambara, uyu 442 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 10-11, 16. LA44 yaje kumva nyuma bavuga ko se wari Umuhutu, yahatiwe kujya mu gitero cyagabwe kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Nyuma se yaje kwemera icyaha arafungwa. Ntiyabonye se kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11, 30-32. 443 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 90 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9-12. LA50 yavuze ko atari Interahamwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9-11, 13, 21. Yahamwe n’icyaha kubera uruhare rwe muri jenoside kandi ubwo yatangaga ubuhamya mu iburanisha yari afunze. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9, 26. 215/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 202 mutangabuhamya yarumviye kandi yari yitwaje intwaro nk’uko n’abandi babigenzaga icyo gihe444.

378. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata ahagana saa kumi za mu gitondo, LA50 yageze ku mashuri asanga hateraniye Uwimana, abayobozi b’amaserire n’abandi baturage. Uwimana yababwiye ko bagomba kujya kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange bakagaba igitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi zari aho, kubera ko batabikoze izo mpunzi zari kuza kubica no gutera ingo zabo. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye ku mashuri yerekeza kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, hari urugendo rw’amaguru rw’iminota nka 30445.

379. Ubwo yageraga kuri paruwasi bwari butaracya neza. Yari azi ko abarezerivisiti bari bateye amagerenade kuri paruwasi kandi ko abantu bari mu kiriziya bari basohotse bakajya kurwanira ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi y’agashyamba. Abatutsi, bari barenze 1.000, babanje gutera amabuye ariko bamwe muri bo bari bafite imiheto n’imyambi. Abagabye igitero na bo bari barenze 1.000, bitwaje intwaro gakondo nk’imipanga, amacumu, imyambi, imiheto n’inkoni. Bari bayobowe n’Uwimana, Kanyanzira na Ngabonzima. Uyu mutangabuhamya na we yafatwaga nk’umwe mu bayobozi kubera ko yari yakoranyirije abaturage ku mashuri. Abarezerivisiti, abajandarume, abategetsi b’abasiviri, n’abaturage bose bafatanyije muri icyo gitero, ariko nta Nterahamwe zarimo. Nta mutegetsi wigeze abwira abagabye igitero ngo 444 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13-14. 445 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13-14, 21, 26. LA50 yatanze isaha nk’iyo ya saa kumi za mu gitondo avuga ko ari cyo gihe yaviriye ku mashuri ajya kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup. 14. 214/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 203 bagihagarike. Ahubwo, abo bategetsi barimo Uwimana na Ngabonzima barabashishikazaga. Imirwano yamaze nk’amasaha atatu446.

380. Kuri paruwasi hari Abatutsi barenga 1.000 birwanagaho muri icyo gitero. Bamwe muri bo bateraga abagabye igitero amabuye, naho abandi bakabarashisha imiheto. Nyuma y’amasaha agera kuri atatu y’imirwano, abajandarume baje mu ikamyoneti Hilux yera hanyuma barasa ku mpunzi, na zo zihungira mu kigo. Iyo modoka yari nko mu ntambwe «icumi» uvuye aho uyu mutangabuhamya yari ari. Muri iyo modoka harimo abajandarume batarenze batatu447.

381. Abatutsi bamaze kwihinda, abagabye igitero babakurikiye imbere mu kigo. Abarezerivisiti bahagaze ku muryango w’ikigo noneho umugabo umwe witwaga Rwabagabo ahamagara Abatutsi umwe ku wundi hanyuma abajyana ku nzu ya JOC yari yegeranye na paruwasi, kugira ngo bicwe448.

382. Iyo abagiye kwicwa bageraga kuri JOC, barasakwaga bakamburwa utwo bafite twose mu mifuka. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye kuri paruwasi nka saa sita z’amanywa, ariko avuga ko agereranyije ubwicanyi bwahagaze nka saa munani z’amanywa. Nyuma, ubwo 446 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-15, 20-21, 36-37; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 88 (ifoto ya 4 ya Paruwasi ya Mukarange). 447 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15-17, 36. LA50 yari azi abajandarume kubera ingofero zabo zitukura. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup.

16. Nta wundi muntu yabonye mu modoka, kandi nta yindi modoka yabonye uwo munsi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 18, 21. Ntiyamenye umubare w’abajandarume bari mu modoka, ariko «ntibari benshi cyane». Akomeje guhatwa ibibazo, yavuze ko batari barenze batatu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 16-17. 448 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 18-19. 213/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 204 yaburanaga mu Rwanda mu wa 2000, yaje kumva bavuga ko abenshi mu Batutsi bajyanywe mu ikawa yari «hepfo» y’inzu ya JOC bakaba ari ho bicirwa449. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Innocent Habyalimana 383. Innocent Habyalimana ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umunyeshuri muri Kaminuza. Yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Kayonza, Komine ya Kayonza, nko muri kilometero enye cyangwa eshanu uvuye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Yumvise inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida ari iwabo mu gitondo cya kare ku itariki ya 7 Mata. Abantu bagize ubwoba bahungira ku kiriziya ya Mukarange. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, abari bahahungiye bagabweho igitero kandi benshi barishwe. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyari ahari, ariko yumvise urusaku rw’amasasu n’amagerenade hagati ya saa kumi na saa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo450.

384. N’ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya atagiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange muri Mata 1994, yajyaga ahajya, rimwe na rimwe buri munsi, kuva yiga mu mashuri abanza. Hari abapadiri batatu. Padiri mukuru yitwaga Bosco Munyaneza, naho umwungirije yitwaga Joseph Gatare. Munyaneza yishwe ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 naho Gatare yicwa ku itariki ya 12 cyangwa iya 13 Mata muri uwo mwaka451. 449 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 19-20, 21 («Sinatahanye n’abandi bari bagabye igitero, ahubwo natahanye n’uwita Jean-Pierre ahagana saa sita z’amanywa. Bityo rero, abandi bari mu gitero nabasize kuri paruwasi»). LA50 yashoboraga kubona imbere mu nzu ya JOC kubera ko umuryango utari ufunze. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup. 19. 450 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 76 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 49-51, 53-54; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13-14. 451 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 54-55. 212/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 205 6.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 385. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko nyuma y’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, abantu barenga 1.000, biganjemo Abatutsi, bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange452. Nta wuhakana ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata, iyo paruwasi yagabweho igitero n’abantu bagera nibura ku 1.000, bakoresheje amagerenade n’izindi ntwaro453. Nta wuhakana kandi ko abategetsi b’abasiviri, abajandarume, 452 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 43 (yagiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange amaze guhunga ubwicanyi Abahutu bakoreraga Abatutsi), 45-46 (byageze ku itariki ya 9 Mata kuri paruwasi hari impunzi ziri hagati ya 1.500 na 2.500 kandi izindi nyinshi zakomezaga kuza, 50 (hari gerenade yatewe mu mbaga y’Abatutsi); BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8 (Interahamwe zari zagoteye Abatutsi kuri paruwasi), 15 (kuri paruwasi hari impunzi ziri hagati ya 3.000 na 5.000), 15, 21; BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42 (yari kuri paruwasi mu gitero cyo kwica Abatutsi, 48-49 (hishwe abantu barenga 1.700), 60-61 (ku itariki ya 12 Mata, hari impunzi z’Abatutsi kuri paruwasi); LA44, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15-17 (hari Abahutu bake mu mpunzi, kandi abagabye igitero babajije uyu mutangabuhamya impamvu

yari kuri paruwasi niba ari Umuhutu), 26 (hari impunzi nka 1.500); LA50, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 14 (yagiye mu gitero cyo kurwanya impunzi z’Abatutsi kuri paruwasi), 15 (kuri paruwasi hari Abatutsi barenga 1.000). 453 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 47 (igitero cyakoreshejwemo amagerenade cyagabwe kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata ahagana saa kumi za mu gitondo); BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7 (igitero cyagabwe ku itariki ya 12 Mata), 16 (abagabye igitero bari hagati ya 8.000 na 10.000), 21-22 (mu gitondo); BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 47 (hari abagabye igitero barenga 800); LA44, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 62-63 (igitero cyakoreshejwemo amagerenade cyagabwe kuri paruwasi mu rukerera ku itariki ya 12 Mata); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 3 (igitero cyakoreshejwemo amagerenade cyatangiye mu rukerera ku itariki ya 12 Mata), 5 (muri icyo gitero, abakigabye bari bitwaje intwaro gakondo), 26 (bagabye igitero barengaga 1.600); LA50, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13 (we n’abandi bari mu gitero bageze kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata ahagana saa kumi n’igice za mu gitondo, bwari butaracya neza. Bumaze gucya, nyuma yo gutera amagerenade ku kiriziya, imirwano n’impunzi yarakomeje), 15 (intwaro gakondo nk’imipanga, 211/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 206 abarezerivisiti n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare bari muri icyo gitero454. Icyakurikiyeho ni uko hishwe Abatutsi bari bahungiye aho babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi455. amacumu, imyambi n’inkoni zakoreshejwe muri icyo gitero kandi abagabye igitero barengaga 1.000), 36 (ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yageraga kuri paruwasi bwari butaracya neza, ariko yari yamenye ko abarezerivisiti bari bateye amagerenade kuri paruwasi); Habyalimana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 53-54 (yumvise gerenade ya mbere yo muri icyo gitero iturika ku itariki ya 12 Mata, hagati ya saa kumi na saa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo). 454 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 46-47 (Interahamwe zagabye igitero ku itariki ya 12 Mata), 45-50 (Burugumesitiri Senkware, Resiponsabure Gashumba, Ngabonzima n’abajandarume bafashije gupakurura amasanduku y’amagerenade mu modoka mbere y’igitero); BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 9, 14-16 (Interahamwe zagabye igitero kuri paruwasi uwo munsi kandi nyuma y’itangwa ry’intwaro, Burugumesitiri Senkware yagiye kuri paruwasi guhagarikira icyo gitero); BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-46 (ku itariki ya 12 Mata, Senkware, Gashumba, Burigadiye Rwabagabo, n’umujandarume umwe baje kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange bafite

imbunda), 70-71 (Ngabonzima yasabye ko bazana andi masasu kubera ko ayo bari bahawe mbere yari yashize); LA44, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 7-8 (abajandarume baraje hanyuma barasa ku mpunzi), 9-11 (Konseye Uwimana yari ahari mu gihe cy’igitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata) (se w’umutangabuhamya yahatiwe kujya mu gitero); LA50, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-14 (uyu mutangabuhamya yategetswe gukoranyiriza hamwe abaturage bo muri ako gace, noneho bahabwa amabwiriza yo kurwanya Abatutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange) (Konseye Uwimana n’abaserire bari bahari ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yageraga kuri paruwasi ahagana saa kumi za mu gitondo.), 15 (abarezerivisiti bari bamaze gutera amagerenade kandi n’abajandarume na bo baraje), 20-21 (Konseye Uwimana, Kanyanzira na Ngabonzima bayoboye ibitero), 36 (abarezerivisiti bari mu bagabye igitero kimwe n’abaturage bo muri Segiteri ya Mukarange, iya Cyeru n’iya Miyange, ndetse n’abayoboke basanzwe ba MRND). 455 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 53 (hishwe impunzi zigera ku 5.000); BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49, 60-61 (yavuze ko agereranyije hishwe impunzi z’Abatutsi zirenga 1.700 ku itariki ya 12 Mata); LA44, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11, 19 (ku itariki ya 9 Mata hari impunzi zigera ku 1.500 kandi inyinshi muri zo zarishwe), 16-17 (Abahutu bamwe bari 210/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 207 386. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma ibirebana n’uruhare rwa Gatete muri icyo gitero. By’umwihariko, havugwa ko hafi y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 11 Mata, Gatete na Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza bajyanye Interahamwe n’abasirikare bitwaje intwaro kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, aho impunzi z’Abatutsi zasambanyirijwe ku gahato kandi zikicwa. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe AWF na BVP, bombi bahungiye kuri paruwasi hafi y’itariki ya 8 Mata kandi bari aho mu gihe icyo gitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata cyabaga, no ku buhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVR wari mu bagabye icyo gitero uwo munsi. Ashingiye ku bivugwa n’abo batangabuhamya, Porokireri ashaka kandi kwerekana ko Gatete yahaye amagerenade n’imbunda abantu bari mu bitero kugira ngo bagabe ibitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi zari kuri paruwasi456. Porokireri nta bimenyetso yatanze byemeza ko hari abantu basambayirijwe ku gahato kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. mu Batutsi ariko ntibishwe); LA50, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15, 20 (ku itariki ya 12 Mata, Abatutsi barengaga 1.000 birwanyeho, ariko abenshi muri bo barishwe). 456 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 22, 32, 35, 41; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 45-47, 75 (iii)-(vii), 84, 108, 254. Urugereko rusanga Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ku itariki ya 10

cyangwa iya 11 Mata, kandi ntivuga ko Gatete yatanze intwaro, cyangwa ko mbere y’igitero Gatete yagiye mu nama bafatiyemo icyemezo cyo kwica Abatutsi bari kuri paruwasi. Nyamara ariko, biragaragara ko ahavugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego ngo «ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 11 Mata cyangwa hafi y’ayo matariki», ari ikigereranyo. Ikindi kandi, Inyandiko y’ibirego ikubiyemo ibisobanuro biramubuye birimo nk’ahantu runaka habereye igitero, abandi bantu bakigiyemo ndetse ikavuga ko Gatete yari akirimo. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri itanga ibindi bisobanuro birambuye, by’umwihariko ivuga ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata, Gatete yahereye abagabye igitero intwaro n’amagerenade ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi ya Paruwasi ya Mukarange bitegura kugaba igitero. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 46 n’incamake z’ubuhamya bwa AWF, BVP na BVR. Ikindi kandi, iyo myanzuro ivuga by’umwihariko ko Gatete yari mu nama yabereye kwa Kanyangoga mbere y’igitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata, ikavuga n’abandi bari muri yo nama, kandi igasobanura n’icyo yari igamije. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya 209/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 208 387. Ubwunganizi bushingira ku buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya biswe LA44 na LA50 kugira ngo bugaragaze ko Gatete atari mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Ahubwo, abo batangabuhamya bombi bavuze ko babonye Konseye Uwimana uwo munsi kuri paruwasi cyangwa ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru cyari hafi aho, kandi LA50 yavuze ko Uwimana na Ngabonzima bari mu bategetsi bakomeye bari bayoboye icyo gitero. Ubwunganizi bwiyambaza kandi ubuhamya bwa Innocent Habyalimana, utari uri kuri paruwasi kuri iyo tariki ya 12 Mata, ariko wumvise urusaku rw’amasasu n’amagerenade hagati ya saa kumi na saa kumi n’imwe muri icyo gitondo. Ubwunganizi buvuga na none ko nta bimenyetso byatanzwe byerekana ko Gatete yajyanye abagabye igitero mu modoka kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange457.

388. Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma ubuhamya bushinja. Rugikubita, rusanga AWF yaributse ko yabonye Gatete kuri paruwasi mbere y’itariki ya 12 Mata. Kuba ari we mutangabuhamya wenyine wavuze ko Gatete yazanye n’abandi bantu kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 9 Mata kandi ko impunzi zategetswe gutora umurongo, ko ibitero byagabwe ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 11 Mata, nta gaciro kanini byahabwa. Mu gihe cy’ibaza rinyomoza, BVP yavuze ko ibitero byatangiye ku itariki ya 8 Mata kandi ko ibintu byatangiye gukomera guhera ku itariki ya 10 Mata. Nyamara ariko, nta bisobanuro birambuye byatanzwe ku birebana Porokireri, igika 74 n’incamake z’ubuhamya bwa BVR. Kubera ibyo, Urugereko rusanga Uregwa yarahawe amakuru asobanutse, mu gihe gikwiye kandi adahuzagurika amumenyesha ikirego kivuga ko yari mu nama yo kwa Kanyangoga yateguriwemo igitero cyagabwe ku Batutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata, kandi ko ahageze yahaye intwaro abagabye igitero ngo bazikoreshe muri icyo gitero. 457 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 92, 644, 715-772, 812, 836, 845, 857, 1104-1106, 1172, 1189, 1282-1283; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 36-38, 52-55. 208/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 209 n’ibyabaye mbere y’itariki ya 12 Mata458. Ikindi kandi, birashoboka ko BVP atari ahantu hamwe na AWF kugira ngo babone ibyabaye bimwe ku itariki ya 9 Mata. BVR yageze kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata gusa ubwo yari yitabiriye igitero.

389. Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso bishinja ahanini bidahuzagurika ku birebana n’ibintu byabaye ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Abatangabuhamya uko ari batatu bibutse ko babonye Gatete ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi ya Mukarange. AWF yabonye Gatete ahagera ubwo we n’izindi mpunzi bari bamaze gutsinsura igitero cyari cyagabwe mu gitondo cya kare459. BVP yavuze ko yabonye Uregwa agera aho hantu mu gitondo, hagati ya saa tatu na saa tanu za mu gitondo460. Ubwo BVR yageraga kuri paruwasi hagati ya 458 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 20 («Ikibazo: Ese igihe mwahageraga ku itariki ya 8, hari abagabye igitero bari bamaze kugera kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange? …. Igisubizo: Ibitero byatangiye uwo munsi. Interahamwe z’iwacu, zari zifite ijambo cyane, zasabye abaturage b’Abahutu kuza no kudusanga kuri paruwasi kugira ngo hakorwe ubwicanyi. Kuva ku itariki ya 8 kugeza ku ya 12, twari duhanganye n’ibyo bitero, ariko kugeza ku itariki ya 12 Mata, abagabye igitero bari bananiwe kutunesha. Ikibazo: None se, ubwo wahageraga ku itariki ya 8, hari ikibazo wowe n’abantu bo mu muryango wawe mwagize cyo kwinjira kuri paruwasi? Igisubizo: Nta cyatubujije kwinjira. Twinjiye mu kiriziya nta kibazo. Twatangiye guhura n’ibibazo hashize iminsi ibiri»). 459 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 48 («Ikibazo: Ni iki cyabaye [ku kibuga cy’umupira nyuma y’igitero cyo mu gitondo]

nyum ya saa sita z’amanywa, nka saa saba n’igice? Igisubizo: Twabonye ya modoka yari yaraje ku itariki ya 9, iza aho twari turi. Ikibazo: Urashaka se kuvuga ya kamyoneti ya Daihatsu wari wavuzeho kare? Igisubizo: Yego, ni yo mvuga»), 49 (« Ikibazo: None se iyo modoka ije uwo munsi saa saba n’igice z’amanywa, ni nde wayivuyemo? Igisubizo: Namaze kuvuga ko ari Gatete…. Ikibazo: None se iyo uvuga ngo ba bantu ni bo baje saa saba n’igice z’amanywa ku itariki ya 12 Mata, urashaka kuvuga ko yari … Gatete [ariko hari n’abandi]? Igisubizo: Niko bimeze»,), 60 (« Ikibazo: Reka noneho tuvuge ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, mutangabuhamya: wavuze ko ikamyoneti yari itwaye Gatete n’abandi yaje ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru saa saba n’igice z’amanywa. Niko bimeze? Igisubizo: Namaze kubabwira ko nta saha nari mfite. Icyo nakoze gusa ni ukubagereranyiriza igihe»). 460 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

58. N’ubwo BVP na we yavuze ko yamaze hanze amasaha ane gusa ubwo yari amaze kuva aho hantu saa kumi za mu gitondo (Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 207/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 210 saa ine na saa tanu za mu gitondo, na we yabonye Gatete ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru461. Kubera igihe gishize ibyo bintu bibaye n’ibihe bikomeye byariho, kuba hari ukunyuranya gato ku masaha nta cyo bivuze.

390. Ikindi kandi, AWF na BVP bombi bavuze ko Gatete yaje mu ikamyoneti ya Daihatsu. Ubwo BVR yahageraga, yasanze Gatete yageze ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Bityo, nta kuntu yari gushobora gukomoza byanze bikunze ku birebana n’imodoka Uregwa yajemo462. Abo batangabuhamya uko ari batatu bavuze bose ko Gatete yazanye n’abandi bantu. AWF yibutse ko Gatete yazanye na Burugumesitiri Senkware, Konseye Gashumba, umuliyetona umwe w’umujandarume, Ngabonzima n’abajandarume babiri. BVR na we yibutse ko yabonye Gatete ari kumwe na Senkware, Liyetona Twahira na burigadiye, hanyuma aza kuvuga na Ngabonzima. BVP yavuze ko Gatete yazanye n’Interahamwe, ariko kandi ko yamubonye ari kumwe na Senkware, yavuze agira ati «ya Nterahamwe yindi yari ikomeye»463. Bitewe n’uko abatangabuhamya badafite ubushobozi bumwe bwo kumenya abantu, bitewe kandi n’ahantu bari bari ndetse n’ibihe bikomeye barimo, Urugereko rusanga kutavuga ibintu bimwe kuri iki kibazo nta cyo bivuze. Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 22), Urugereko rusanga ibyo nta cyo bivuze kubera ko amasaha yatanzwe yari ikigereranyo no kubera kandi ko hashize igihe kirekire ibivugwa bibaye. 461 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42, 58. 462 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 45, 48; BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 7; BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-43 («Tuhageze twahasanze Jean-Baptiste Gatete na bagenzi be, bari bazanye imbunda»). 463 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 49; BVR, T 2. Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-45; BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7-9, 16-17. 206/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 211 391. Abo batangabuhamya bashinja uko ari batatu bose bavuze ko Gatete yazanye amagerenade yo guha abagabye igitero. BVP na BVR bibutse kandi ko Uregwa yazanye imbunda ndetse n’amagerenade, kandi ko babihaye abagabye igitero464. Kuba AWF ataravuze imbunda kandi akavuga ko yabonye gusa ari Ngabonzima uha intwaro Interahamwe, atari Gatete, nta cyo bivuze, kandi bishobora kuba byaratewe n’ahantu hatandukanye abantu baboneraga ibyabaga, n’ibihe bikomeye barimo.

392. Mu buhamya AWF na BVP batanze, basobanuye ko Gatete yahagumye igitero cyo kuri paruwasi kimaze gutangira. Ubuhamya bwa BVR na bwo bugaragaza ko Uregwa yari 464 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 49-51, 54, 59-60 (Gatete yapakuruye amagerenade mu modoka yajemo noneho Ngabonzima ayaha Interahamwe zari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi ya paruwasi); BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 8, 11-12, 16, 26 (Gatete yazanye amasanduku y’imbunda n’amagerenade hanyuma abiha abagabye igitero); BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43, 49-50 (Gatete yatangiye imbunda n’amagerenade kuri shapeli no ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru). Urugereko ruzirikana ibyavuzwe n’Ubwunganizi ko BVR atabonye ukuntu intwaro zatanzwe. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 727, hasubirwamo ibyanditse mu nyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

43. Nyamra ariko, Ubwunganizi buvuga gusa kuri icyo gice cy’ubuhamya bwa BVR havugwamo itangwa ry’intwaro kuri shapeli, yemeye ko atabonye. Reba Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 43 («Agatsiko k’abagabye igitero kari kuri shapeli, abandi bari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Nari kumwe n’abari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, kandi twateye paruwasi duturutse mu mpande zitandukanye. Gatete yari kumwe n’abari kuri shapeli, naho njye nari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Siniboneye n’amaso yanjye …ukuntu intwaro zatanzwe, ariko Gatete yadusanze ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru. Yahamagaye Ngabonzima n’izindi Nterahamwe zari zaratojwe gukoresha imbunda n’amagerenade»). Ubuhamya bwe buvuga ko atabonye ukuntu intwaro zatanzwe burasa n’ubwibanda ku byabereye kuri shapeli gusa. Ibyo kandi yabisobanuye neza nyuma mu buhamya bwe. Reba inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 49 («Ikibazo: Ese waba waramubonye uwo munsi muri icyo gitero? Igisubizo: Yego. Yazanye imbunda n’amagerenade. Yabanje gutangira izo ntwaro kuri shapeli, nk’uko nari nabivuze. Sinari aho hantu. Ariko yahaye abagabye igitero izo mbunda n’amagerenade. Nyuma yaho yaje aho nari ndi ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hanyuma atoranya abantu bari baratojwe gukoresha izo ntwaro, barazibaha, noneho ubwicanyi bubona gutangira»). 205/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 212 aho igitero cyabereye mu gihe cyabaga, kubera ko yavuze ko amasasu bari bazanye amaze gushira, Ngabonzima yagiye gushaka Gatete kugira ngo abahe andi465.

393. Ikindi kandi, abatangabuhamya uko ari batatu bose bavuze ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata, mu bagabye igitero harimo Interahamwe466. BVP yavuze kandi ko mu bagabye igitero harimo abarezerivisiti, naho BVR avuga ko harimo impunzi z’Abahutu zaturutse mu nkambi z’abantu bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara, hamwe n’abagabo bari bambaye imyambaro ya gisirikare, harimo n’abajandarume. Bitewe n’uko kuri paruwasi hari abantu benshi cyane, kandi abatangabuhamya bakaba batarashoboraga gutandukanya udutsiko tw’abari bagabye igitero mu buryo bumwe kubera ibihe bikomeye barimo, kuba bibuka ibintu binyuranye ku byabaye bimwe ni ikintu cyumvikana.

394. Ubuhamya bw’abo batangabuhamya batatu buhuje kandi ku bintu byihariye birebana n’uruhare rwa Gatete muri icyo gitero. AWF yavuze ko Gatete yakoreraga ibimenyetso Interahamwe ubwo zateraga amagerenade mu mpunzi. BVP yavuze ko Gatete yatanze amabwiriza ku buryo bweruye yo kwica kandi ko yarashe gatatu mu kirere nk’ikimenyetso cyo gutangiza igitero, naho BVR yibutse ko Gatete yatoranyije abagabye 465 AWF yavuze ko Gatete yagumanye n’Interahamwe gerenade ya mbere imaze guterwa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 50-51, 61. BVP yasobanuye ko Gatete yari ahari igitero gitangira kandi ko we na Senkware n’abandi basubiye mu modoka hanyuma bakajya kuri paruwasi guhagarikira igitero. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

17. BVR yavuze ko Gatete yagumye aho nibura mu gice kimwe cy’igitero, kubera ko Ngabonzima yamusabye ko abafasha kubona andi magerenade ubwo ayo bari bazanye yari abarangiranye. Nyuma yavuze ko Ngabonzima yagiye gushaka Gatete kugira ngo amusabe andi masasu. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 58, 61, 70-61. 466 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 47-50, 60-61; BVP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 6-9, 20-21; BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 42-43. 204/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 213 igitero bari barahawe imyitozo akaba ari bo aha intwaro467. Ikindi kandi, bose uko ari batatu bavuze ibice bitandukanye by’ibitero byagabwe kuri paruwasi. Urugereko rusanga ibi bishyize mu gaciro, kubera ukuntu ubwicanyi bukabije bwakozwe, umubare w’abantu bari aho hantu igitero cyabereye, n’ahantu hatandukanye abatangabuhamya bari baherereye mu kigo cya paruwasi no hirya no hino yacyo468.

395. N’ubwo hari ibyo abo batangabuhamya bahurizaho bimaze kuvugwa, Urugereko rugomba gusuzuma agaciro ka buri buhamya ukwabwo. Mbere na mbere, ku birebana n’ibimenyetso bishinja, Urugereko rwemera ko AWF yashoboraga kumenya Uregwa muri Mata 1994. Yari azi Gatete nka Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi kuva mu wa 1992, kandi hari ishuri yamubonye azaho muri uwo mwaka469.

396. Mu Ukuboza 2004, abapererezi b’Urukiko bakoze inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwa AWF Ubwunganizi bwakomojeho ariko itakiriwe nk’ikimenyetso gihamya. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko hagati y’ubwo buhamya bwanditse bwa AWF n’ubwo yatangiye mu Rukiko 467 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 47, 49-52, 54, 60-61; BVP, T 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 14-15; BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43, 49. 468 AWF yari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru arwana n’abari bagabye igitero, ariko yaje gusubizwa inyuma kugera ku macumbi y’abapadiri. Yavuze ko nyuma yaho, impunzi zimwe zajyanywe ahantu hari ingiga y’igiti cyari cyaraguye hanze y’ikigo, bakabaca imitwe bakanabatemagura, naho izindi zikagabwaho igitero mu kigo cya paruwasi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 50-53, 62. BVP ashobora kuba atarabashaga kubona ibyo ari aho yari yihishe, ikindi kandi ni uko yavuye aho hantu nka saa saba n’igice z’amanywa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 27-28. BVR yariho agaba igitero, bityo akaba atarashoboraga byanze bikunze kubona ibikorwa byose by’ubwicanyi byaberaga kuri paruwasi. Nyamara ariko, yavuze ko abantu bicishijwe intwaro zinyuranye harimo imipanga, ibi bikaba bihuje n’ubuhamya bwa AWF wavuze ko abagabye igitero «batemaguye» impunzi. BVR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 49; AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 52-53. 469 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 39-42. 203/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 214 harimo ibintu byinshi bitandukanye. By’umwihariko, yavuze mu iburanisha ko ubwicanyi bwari bugikomeza kugeza saa kumi z’igicamunsi, ariko mu buhamya bwe bwanditse akaba yaravuze ko ahagana kuri iyo saha bwasaga n’ubwarangiye. Na none, mu buhamya bwe mu iburanisha yavuze ko yageze kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 8 Mata, ariko mu buhamya bwe bwanditse yavuze ko yahageze ku itariki ya 9 Mata. Uyu mutangabuhamya yashimangiye ko yahageze ku itariki ya 8 Mata470. Urugereko rusanga uko kunyuranya kudakomeye, kandi ntiguhagije kugira ngo rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya uwo mutangabuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko hejuru y’indahiro.

397. Ubwunganizi burwanya kandi ubuhamya AWF yatangiye mu Rukiko buvuga ko Gatete yinjiye mu kigo cya paruwasi ku itariki ya 9 Mata, mu gihe mu nyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya yatanze mu Ukuboza 2004 yavuze ko Uregwa yari «yasigaye» inyuma471. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko Gatete yari «ahagaze ku muryango» kandi ko yari «inyuma» ya bagenzi be472. Urugereko rusanga ibisobanuro by’uyu mutangabuhamya 470 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 55-58, 63. 471 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 45 («Gatete n’abajandarume, kimwe na Senkware na Gashumba, ndetse na Ngabonzima, bose bagiye ku kigo cya paruwasi»). Inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwo mu Ukuboza 2004 ntiyakiriwe nk’ikimenyetso gihamya ariko yasomewe mu Rukiko. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 58 («Tumaze gufungura umuryango munini, Samson Gashumba, … Senkware, …, n’umuliyetona w’i Rwamagana binjiye mu kigo cya paruwasi basiga Gatete inyuma. Abo uko ari batatu binjiranye n’umujandarume wari wazanye na bo»), 59 («Ikibazo: Wowe mutangabuhamya, nshobora kukubaza ukuri aho kuri muri ibi bintu? Ese Gatete yinjiye mu kigo cyangwa yasigaye inyuma? Igisubizo: Gatete yasigaye ahagaze ku muryango. Bityo sinavuga niba yari – Sinavuga niba yari imbere cyangwa hanze»). 472 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 69 («Ikibazo: Mu mvugo yawe nk’uko imaze gusomwa na Avoka wunganira Uregwa, ku rupapuro rwa 3 waravuze ngo … «Tumaze gufungura umuryango munini, Samson Gashumba wari Konseye wa Segiteri Mukarange, Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza n’umuliyetona w’i Rwamagana binjiye mu kigo cya paruwasi, basiga Gatete inyuma. Abo bantu batatu barinjiranye, 202/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 215 bishyize mu gaciro kandi rubona ko iki kibazo atari ikintu gikomeye. Ubuhamya bwe mu iburanisha bwerekana ko Gatete yari inyuma y’abari kumwe na we ariko hafi y’umuryango w’ikigo.

398. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko mu nyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwo mu Ukuboza 2004 ntahavugwa ko Gatete yahaye Interahamwe amabwiriza. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko ruributsa ubuhamya bw’uyu mutangabuhamya buvuga gusa ko Gatete yakoraga ibimenyetso biherekeje amagambo yabwiraga Interahamwe. Akurikije ibyo bimenyetso, yiyumvishije ko yarimo aziha amabwiriza. Yanashimangiye kandi ko atumvise Gatete avuga kandi ko, n’ubwo ashobora kuba icyo gihe yari afite amakuru menshi, atari ko ibintu byose yari azi byanditswe473. Urugereko rusanga igisobanuro cy’uyu mutangabuhamya gishyize mu gaciro kandi, kubera ko atumvise Gatete avuga, ashobora kuba ataratanze iyo nkuru, cyangwa biranashoboka ko itanditswe.

399. Ku birebana n’agaciro k’ubuhamya bwa AWF, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko budasobanutse neza ku birebana niba ari Padiri Gatare cyangwa Padiri Bosco wabwiye impunzi kuva ku mirongo ku itariki ya 9 Mata, nyuma y’uko zitegetswe gutora imirongo zikurikije bari kumwe n’umujandarume wari wazanye na bo». Washakaga kuvuga iki uvuga ngo «basiga Gatete inyuma»? Igisubizo: Nashakaga kuvuga ko yari inyuma. Yari inyuma y’abo bantu, ariko yari ku muryango»). 473 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 60-61 («Ikibazo: None wavuze ko washoboraga kubona Gatete aha Interahamwe amabwiriza. Wavuze ko utamwumvise avuga ko ariko wamubonye akora ibimenyetso biherekeza amagambo yabwiraga Interahamwe. Kuki ibi utabivuze mu nyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwawe? Igisubizo: Niba wumvise neza ubuhamya bwanjye, nasobanuye ko ntumvise ibyo yavugaga, ariko nashoboraga kubona ibimenyetso yakoraga…. Igisubizo: Iyo bakubaza ibibazo uba ufite amakuru menshi ushobora gutanga. Kandi ntibandika ibisobanuro birambuye utanga. Ikibazo: Urashaka kuvuga se ko ibyo batabyanditse ? Ni byo utubwira? Igisubizo: Yanditse ibyo namubwiye. Ikibazo: Urakoze»). 201/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 216 amasegiteri zakomokagamo474. Urugereko rusanga iki kibazo nta cyo kivuze, kubera ko ubuhamya bwe buvuga ko atari azi neza abo bapadiri kandi/cyangwa ko atari abamenyereye475. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko AWF yahuzaguritse mu gusobanura aho igiti cyaguye baciragaho imitwe y’impunzi z’Abatutsi cyari giherereye. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga muri rusange yaravuze ko iyo ngiga y’igiti yari hafi y’umuhanda476. Ikindi kandi, kubera ibihe byarimo akaduruvayo kenshi kandi bihangayikishije, Urugereko rusanga iyi ngingo idahagije kugira ngo umuntu abe yashidikanya ku 474 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 763-764; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 46 («Ikibazo: Padiri mukuru wari aho yadusabye kuva ku mirongo twari twakoze. Ikibazo: Waba se uzi izina ry’uwo mupadiri? Igisubizo: Padiri Gatare …. Ikibazo: None se umupadiri wababwiye kuva ku mirongo ubwo bababaraga yitwaga nde? Igisubizo: Ni umupadiri w’Umuhutu witwaga Bosco, wadusabye kuva ku mirongo»). 475 Ubuhamya bwa AWF bugaragaza ko atari azi amazina yose y’abo bapadiri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 69 («Igisubizo: Gatare yari Umututsi, naho Bosco yari Umuhutu. Umucamanza Akay: Uzi amazina yose y’abo bapadiri babiri? Urayazi? Umutangabuhamya: Nzi gusa ayo mazina abiri, Gatare na Bosco. Sinarinzi izina

ry’igikirisitu ry’umwe kandi sinarinzi izina bwite ry’undi.»). Kubera impamvu nk’izo, Urugereko rusanga ukunyuranya hagati y’ubuhamya bwe mu iburanisha n’inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya yatanze mu Ukuboza 2004 ari guto. Reba Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 59 («Ikibazo: Wowe mutangabuhamya, reka tugaruke ku nyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwawe, kandi ndasoma ibiri kuri rwa rupapuro, cya gika, mu mpera z’icyo gika. Imvugo yawe iteye itya: « Twagiye ku mirongo nk’uko twari twabitegetswe noneho Senkware n’abo bari kumwe batangira kutubara. Bakiri mu byo kutubara, Padiri Bosco, Gatare yatubwiye kuva ku mirongo maze tuyivaho turivangavanga ». Uremera, mutangabuhamya, ko mu mvugo yawe wavuzemo umupadiri umwe ariko ukavuga ko ariya mazina abiri ari aye: Bosco na Gatare? Igisubizo: Ndibwira ko ikibazo cyabaye igihe bandikaga ibyo navugaga. Uwabyanditse ntiyandukuye neza ibyo navuze. Ikibazo: Ubuhamya bwawe rero ni uko habaye ikosa mu kwandukura imvugo yawe? Igisubizo: Yego»). 476 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 52 («Abagabye igitero … babasohoraga mu kigo bakajya kubicira ahantu hari igiti»), 62 («Iyo ngiga y’igiti yari mu kigo imbere ariko ahegereye umuhanda cyane»), 71 («Nasobanuye ko iyo ngiga y’igiti bitaga Gologota yari imbere ya paruwasi hafi y’umuhanda unyura kuri paruwasi, ku muhanda uri imbere ya paruwasi. Bityo rero, abagabye igitero bafataga abantu bari bazi, cyane cyane abize, bakabajyana hanze y’ikigo cya paruwasi noneho bakabicira ahantu hari iyo ngiga y’igiti, hitwaga Gologota»). 200/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 217 buhamya bwe. Rumaze kubusuzumana ubushishozi, Urugereko rusanga muri rusange budahuzagurika kandi ari simusiga.

400. Ku birebana na BVP, yavuze ko yari azi Gatete nka Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi. Bamubajije igihe Gatete yashyiriwe kuri uwo mwanya, yasubije ko akeka ko «ari nko mu wa 1981 cyangwa nyuma yaho»477. N’ubwo Urugereko rusanga nta makuru yabajijwe ku birebana n’igihe yaherukiraga kubona Gatete, ruributsa ko Uregwa yari umutegetsi ukomeye mu gihe cy’ibyabaye muri Mata 1994 na mbere yaho478. Ikindi kandi, ubuhamya bwe hari aho busa n’ubwa AWF, by’umwihariko, aho bavuga ko babonye Gatete ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi ya Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata mu gitondo cyangwa nyuma ya saa sita gato479. Bityo rero, Urugereko 477 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

4. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko kubera imirimo BVP yakoraga, kuvuga ko Gatete yari burugumesitiri kandi muri icyo gihe yari afite umwanya muri minisiteri i Kigali, bituma uyu mutangabuhamya atakwizerwa. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 740. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bw’uyu mutangabuhamya bugaragaza ko yibwiraga ko Gatete yafatwaga, cyangwa se yitwaraga nka burugumesitiri mu gihe cya jenoside, ko atahamije mu by’ukuri ko yari burugumesitiri mu wa 1994. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 7 («Navuze ko yari burugumesitiri kubera ko icyo gihe yakoraga muri Minisiteri y’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Abategarugori. Yari afite umupolisi wamurindaga. Ubwo umuntu yashoboraga kuvuga ko yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, kandi yari akigendana n’uwo mupolisi mu modoka ye»), 37 (« Navuze ko yari burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, kubera ko ari we watangaga amabwiriza muri jenoside. Kandi no mu wa 1994, Gatete yahoraga afite umupolisi wamurindaga»). Urugereko rusanga uyu mutangabuhamya yaraje kuvuga nyuma ko Gatete yari yarigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 17. 478 Reba Umutwe wa III.2.3, n’uwa V.3.2.i. 479 Ubwunganizi bwibaza cyane niba BVP ari umutangabuhamya wo kwizerwa, bushingiye nko kuri ibi bikurikira : kuba yaragiye gushaka ibiryo mu gihe impunzi zari zimaze kubaga inka, ikigereranyo yakoze cy’umubare w’abagabye igitero, n’igihe yamaze yihishe mbere y’uko Gatete aza. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 733-737. Urugereko rusanga ariko ibi bibazo nta gaciro kanini bifite. 199/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 218 rusanga ubuhamya bwe bujyanye no kuba yaramenye Gatete, n’uko kandi yari yihishe mu gashyamba muri icyo gihe, nta gushidikanya bitera ku birebana n’ukwizerwa kw’amakuru atanga.

401. Ubwunganizi bwakemanze kandi BVP buvuga ko abogamye, by’umwihariko ko yari afite umwanya w’ubutegetsi nyuma ya jenoside kandi ko yagize uruhare mu ifatwa ry’abantu nyuma ya jenoside480. Urugereko rusanga ariko ibi bitavuga byanze bikunze ko abogamye cyangwa se ko atari uwo kwizerwa.

402. Ubwunganizi, mu kunyomoza BVP, bwameretse kandi inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwe yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Mutarama 2007. By’umwihariko, buvuga ko muri ubwo buhamya hari ibintu atavuze, nko kuba Gatete yarahaye ikimenyetso abagabye igitero arasa mu kirere, kuba yareretse abagabye igitero gerenade cyangwa se yarazunguje izindi ntwaro azerekana481. Urugereko ariko rusanga mu nyandikomvugo ye, uyu mutangabuhamya asobanura uko Gatete yazanye na Burugumesitiri Senkware n’ukuntu imbunda n’amagerenade byatanzwe. Havugwamo kandi ko nyuma yo guhabwa «amabwiriza», abantu bagiye kugaba igitero kuri paruwasi482. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga muri rusange inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwe ihuye n’ubuhamya yatangiye mu Rukiko. N’ubwo iyo nyandikomvugo ye itarimo amakuru menshi nk’ari mu buhamya yatanze mu iburanisha, yasobanuye ko mu rubanza yagiye asubiza ibibazo yabaga abajijwe483. Urugereko rusanga igisobanuro cye gishyize mu gaciro kandi ubuhamya bwe mu iburanisha budatandukanye cyane n’ubukubiye mu nyandikomvugo yo muri 480 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 741. 481 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 739. 482 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi Nº 4 (Inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwo ku itariki ya 19 Mutarama 2007). 483 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 26. 198/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 219 Mutarama 2007. Muri make, rumaze gusuzuma neza ubuhamya bwa BVP, Urugereko rusanga muri rusange budahuzagurika kandi ari simusiga.

403. Ku birebana na BVR, yavuze ko yamenye Gatete « mbere gato ya 1994» kandi ko yakomeje no kumumenya «mu mwaka wa 1994», kandi ko yibwira ko yari akiri Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi mu wa 1994, ariko ko nta makuru arambuye yatanze ku birebana n’igihe yaherukiraga kubona Uregwa mbere y’itariki ya 12 Mata484. Ibyo ari byo byose, bitewe n’uko Gatete yari umuntu uzwi cyane, no kubera ko ubuhamya bwa BVR buvuga ko Uregwa yari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi ya Paruwasi ya Mukarange, mu gitondo cyo ku wa 12 Mata, kandi ahanini bukaba bushyigikirwa n’ubwa AWF na BVP, Urugereko nta kibazo rubona mu byo BVR yavuze byerekeranye n’uko yari azi Uregwa.

404. Ubwunganizi bwashatse kwerekana ko BVR atari umutangabuhamya wo kwizerwa bushingiye ku mpamvu y’uko atigeze avuga izina rya Gatete mu buhamya yatanze inshuro zinyuranye mu nkiko za Gacaca485. Yasobanuye ko igihe cyose yitabaga inkiko za Gacaca yabaga yahamagawe mu rubanza rw’abantu bari mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, kugira ngo avuge niba yarababonyemo cyangwa atarababonyemo486. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga bitari ngombwa ko avuga Gatete mu gihe yabaga yatumijwe gutanga ubuhamya ku bantu runaka. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga iyo ngingo y’Ubwunganizi nta shingiro ifite.

405. Rumaze gusuzumana ubushishozi ubuhamya bwa BVR ku birebana n’igitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata, Urugereko rusanga yaratanze amakuru arambuye, adahuzagurika 484 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 ugushyingo 2009, urup. 42. 485 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, igika 751. 486 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 64. 197/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 220 kandi yo kwizerwa. Urugereko ruzirikana ko yashinjwe mu Rwanda agahamwa n’icyaha kandi agakatirwa igihano kubera ko yari mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, kandi ko mu gihe yatangaga ubuhamya mu Rukiko, yarimo kurangiza igihano cy’insimburagifungo cy’imirimo ifitiye igihugu akamaro487. Bityo rero, rwakoresheje ubwitonzi bwinshi ubwo rwasuzumaga ubuhamya bwe kubera ko ashobora kuba yarashakaga ko ibintu bye bigenda neza mu Rwanda. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe ahanini bushyigikirwa n’ubwa AWF na BVP. Ikindi kandi, rusanga nta mpamvu yatuma rushidikanya ku buhamya BVR yatanze muri rusange avuga uko igitero cyagabwe ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi uwo munsi cyagenze. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BVR bukwiye kwemerwa.

406. Rushingiye ku bimaze kuvugwa, Urugereko rusanga aba batangabuhamya batatu bashinja bose baratanze ubuhamya budahuzagurika kandi ahanini bushyigikirana ku gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Bose bavuze ko babonye Gatete ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, hafi y’ikigo cya paruwasi. AWF yamubonye ahagera ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Senkware, Konseye Gashumba, umuliyetona w’umujandarume, abajandarume n’umutegetsi witwa Ngabonzima. Ibivugwa n’uyu mutangabuhamya ahanini bihura n’ibya BVP (wabonye Gatete ari kumwe na Senkware) ndetse BVR (wabonye Gatete ari kumwe na Senkware n’umuliyetona w’umujandarume witwa Twahirwa). Ibyo kandi bishyigikirwa, mu buryo buziguye, n’ubuhamya bwa BVR wabwiwe na Ngabonzima ko hari inama yabanje kuba mbere y’igitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Muri iyo nama yarimo Gatete, Senkware, Konseye Gashumba, Liyetona Twahira na Burigadiye Rwabagabo, hemejwe ko Abatutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange bagomba kwicwa. Nyuma y’iyo nama, BVR n’abandi bantu bahawe amategeko yo kwica Abatutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. N’ubwo Urugereko 487 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 49, 56-57, 61-63, 66. 196/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 221 rwasuzumanye ubushishozi bwinshi ubuhamya bwerekeranye n’inama kubera ko bushingiye ku nkuru mbarirano, ubwo buhamya bushyigikira, mu buryo buziguye, ubuhamya bwa AWF ku byo yiboneye aho avuga ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata Gatete, Burugumesitiri Senkware, Konseye Gashumba, Ngabonzima n’umuliyetona w’umujandarume bageze ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, hafi y’ikigo cya paruwasi bari kumwe.

407. Ubuhamya bw’abo bagabo bashinja bose uko ari batatu buvuga ko Gatete n’abantu bari kumwe bazanye imbunda n’amagerenade byo guha abagabye igitero. Ubwo buhamya bunashyigikirwa n’ubwa BVR uvuga ko mbere y’uko igitero kiba, Ngabonzima yari yijeje abagabye igitero ko bari guhabwa imbunda n’amagerenade.

408. Byongeye kandi, mu buhamya bwe yatanze mu Rukiko ku byo yiboneye, BVP avuga ko Gatete yahaye Interahamwe amabwiriza yo kwica « umwanzi » w’Abahutu, anavuga ko kwica Abatutsi byari byatangiye muri Komine ya Murambi488. Urugereko rusanga kandi ubuhamya bwa BVP bushyigikirwa n’ubwa AWF wabonye Gatete akorera ibimenyetso Interahamwe ubwo zarimo gutera amagerenade mu mpunzi z’Abatutsi. Bishyize mu gaciro kwemera ko BVP, wari wihishe hafi y’izamu ry’ikibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, yumvise amabwiriza yatanzwe na Gatete ariko AWF wari mu mbaga y’Abatutsi birwanagaho ntabashe kuyumva ahubwo akabona ibyo Gatete yakoraga. Ubuhamya BVR yatanze mu Rukiko buvuga ko Gatete yahisemo abagabye igitero bahawe imyitozo uko bikwiye ngo abe ari bo bahabwa intwaro, hanyuma bagatera kuri paruwasi, bunahura n’ubuhamya buvuga ko Uregwa yagize uruhare rw’ubuyobozi muri icyo gitero. 488 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5, 8-9, 14. 195/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 222 409. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma ubuhamya bushinja rubugereranya n’ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi. Rurahera ku ngingo y’ubwunganizi ivuga ko iyo Gatete aza kugira uruhare mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, izina rye riba ryaragaragaye mu bantu barezwe mu rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa mbere rw’iremezo rwa Kibungo mu Rwanda muri Nzeri 2000 ku byabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange489. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko abaregwa muri urwo rubanza batavuze ko Gatete yaba yarayoboye cyangwa yaragiye mu bwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange490. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga kuba Gatete atavugwa mu nyandiko y’urwo rubanza rwaciwe muri Nzeri 2000 cyangwa mu cyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza rwa LA50, nta cyo byahindura muri uru rubanza. Nk’uko Urugereko rwabivuze ahandi, byaba ari ugushakisha gusa kuvuga ko kuba muri rusange uregwa atavugwa mu zindi manza bigaragaza ko nta ruhare yagize mu byabaye491. Mu by’ukuri, Urugereko rusanga mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko, umugabo ushinjura witwa Innocent Habyalimana avuga ko urubanza rwasomwe muri 489 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 719-724; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 81 (Inyandiko y’urubanza rwo ku itariki ya 8 Nzeri 2000). 490 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 66, 79. 491 Reba Urubanza rwa Rutaganda mu bujurire, Icyemezo ku byifuzo

bisaba gusubira ku cyemezo, guhindura, kugena avoka wunganira uregwa, kumenyekanisha ibimenyetso, no gutanga ibisobanuro, 8 Ukuboza 2006, igika 13, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu bujurire, igika 176; Urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu bujurire, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo gisaba guhindura Icyemezo, 30 Kamena 2006, igika 70, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu bujurire, igika 180. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo hari igihe imanza ziburanishwamo icyaha gisa n’icyo Uregwa akurikiranyweho zishobora kugaragaza uko ibintu byari byifashe, ibyo bimenyetso ntibigomba byanze bikunze gushingirwaho. Mu by’ukuri, iyo inkiko zishingira kuri dosiye zitandukanye, birumvikana ko imyanzuro zigeraho ishobora kuba itandukanye. « Abacamanza babiri bashyira bose mu gaciro bashobora kugera ku myanzuro itandukanye kandi bashingiye ku bimenyetso bimwe ». Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu bujurire, igika 143. Reba na LA50, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 29-30. 194/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 223 Nzeri 2000 atari rwo rwonyine rwabaye mu Rwanda ku bintu byabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange492. Uwo mutangabuhamya yemera kandi ko we n’abandi bantu 35 baregwaga hamwe na we muri urwo rubanza atari bo bonyine bashinjwa kuba barakoze ibyaha muri uko kwezi493.

410. Ku byerekeye ubuhamya bushinjura, nk’uko Urugereko rwabivuze mu ikubitiro, nta wuhakana ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata mu gitondo cya kare, impunzi zigizwe ahanini n’Abatutsi zari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange zagabweho igitero n’abantu bakoresheje amagerenade n’izindi ntwaro. Nta wuhakana kandi ko mu bagabye igitero harimo abajandarume, abategetsi ba gisiviri, n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare. Cyakora, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko uwo munsi Gatete atari kuri paruwasi, maze bugashingira ku buhamya bwa LA44 n’ubwa LA50 bari bahari ubwo igitero cyabaga ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Ubwunganizi bushingira kandi ku buhamya bwa Innocent Habyalimana utari uri kuri paruwasi uwo munsi, ariko akaba yarumvise amagerenade n’amasasu muri icyo gitondo.

411. Urugereko ruributsa ko Ubwunganizi budafite inshingano yihariye yo kugaragaza ibyo buvuga iyo bushaka ko Urugereko rushidikanya ku bivugwa na Porokireri494. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bushinjura bufite agaciro gake kubera ko nta n’umwe mu batangabuhamya bashinjura washoboye gukurikirana ibintu byose byabereye kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata.

412. By’umwihariko, ku itariki ya 12 Mata, LA44 yari imbere mu kigo ubwo igitero cyakoreshejwemo amagerenade cyatangiraga mu gikoni cya paruwasi. Icyo gihe, 492 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 60-61, 77-79. 493 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 77-78. 494 Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Zigiranyirazo mu bujurire, ibika 17-18. 193/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 224 abagabye igitero bateye amabuye bamena amadirishya495. Igihe impunzi zageragezaga guhunga ziva mu kigo, LA44 yagumye mu kigo, inyuma y’izindi mpunzi, bityo ntiyashyobora kubona ibyaberaga hanze y’ikigo. Nk’urugero, ntiyabonye ko haje imodoka itwaye abajandarume496. Bamusohoye hamwe n’izindi mpunzi, bamujjyanye ku nzu ya JOC. Kubera iyo mpamvu, iyo Gatete aza kuba ari ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, LA44 ntiyari kumubona byanze bikunze, bitewe n’ahantu yareberaga, umubare w’abagabye igitero ndetse n’impunzi zari zinyanyagiye muri icyo kigo.

413. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ingingo z’Ubwunganizi ku byo buvuga ko hari ibintu bidahura hagati y’ubuhamya bwa LA44 n’ubw’umugabo ushinja wiswe AWF ku byerekeranye n’ibyabaye ku itariki ya 9 Mata497. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga uko kunyuranya ku bintu aba batangabuhamya bibuka ko babonye ku itariki ya 9 Mata kudakanganye kandi 495 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 63-64; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010 imp. 3, 5, 21, 23-24, 26-27. 496 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 3 (« Igisubizo: Twari hirya gato ya kiriziya cyangwa y’ikigo cya paruwasi, ni uko hirya yacu muri metero nkeya haza imodoka ya jandarumori iturasaho, biba ngombwa ko dusubira imbere mu kigo cya paruwasi. Ikibazo: Yee, ni byo mutangabuhamya. Ubwo abajandarume uvuga bahageraga wari urihe ….n’iryo tsinda ry’impunzi murwanya abagabye igitero? Igisubizo: Kubera ko nari inyuma mu itsinda ry’impunzi, navuga ko abari imbere muri iryo tsinda basaga n’aho bari kure y’ikigo cya paruwasi, ariko jye nari nkiri kuri paruwasi »), 29 (« Igisubizo: Abajandarume bahageze habayeho guhangana maze twumvise amasasu tugira ubwoba dusubira mu kigo cya paruwasi. Ikibazo: Ubwo rero ntiwigeze ugera hafi bihagije ku buryo ubasha kubona abari mu modoka kuko wirukaga usubira mu kigo, si byo? Igisubizo: Sinegereye imodoka. »), 31 (« Madamu Perezida: Bwana mutangabuhamya, ikibazo ni iki: kuki utabonye

so? Umutangabuhamya : Nari inyuma mu itsinda ry’impunzi. Nari nakomeretse, bityo rero kugenda byarangoraga »). 497 By’umwihariko, Urugereko rusanga LA44 atarabonye Gatete agera kuri paruwasi mu masaa sita z’amanywa ku itariki ya 9 Mata nk’uko AWF we yamubonye. LA44 avuga ahubwo uburyo Burugumesitiri Senkware, abajandarume n’abapolisi bahageze nyuma yaho uwo munsi. LA44 ntanavuga iby’iyicwa ry’umupadiri n’ibyo gushyira impunzi ku murongo ku itariki ya 9 Mata. 192/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 225 gushobora kuba guterwa n’uko ibyabaye byari byabakuye umutima. Ibyo ari byo byose, uko kunyuranya ntikwatuma Urugereko rushidikanya ku buhamya budahuzagurika kandi simusiga bwatanzwe na AWF ku gitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Ubwo buhamya bunashyigikiwe, kuri byinshi, n’ubwa BVP na BVR. Urugereko kandi rufite amakenga kuri bimwe mu bikubiye mu buhamya bwa LA44498. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa LA44 budahagije ngo rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya bushinja budahuzagurika kandi simusiga.

414. Ku byerekeye LA50, Urugereko rwibutsa ko uyu mutangabuhamya yari mu bagabye igitero kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe nta gaciro kanini bwahabwa. Yari ashishikajwe no kujya mu gitero nyuma ajya ku nzu ya JOC. Avuga ko mu kigo cya paruwasi no hafi yacyo hari abagabye igitero n’impunzi barenga 1.000. Kubera ko ibintu byari bimeze bityo, Urugereko rusanga iyo Gatete aza kugera ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, LA50 atari kumubona byanze bikunze. Byongeye kandi, uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye kuri paruwasi mu masaa sita z’amanywa ku itariki ya 12 Mata499.

415. Urugereko rusanga kandi mu rubanza rwe mu Rwanda, LA50 avuga amazina y’abantu bamwe yise abayobozi b’igitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, ariko 498 Nk’uko LA44 abivuga, yari umusore w’Umuhutu ari kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, akaba yari anahari ubwo Burugumesitiri Senkware yahageraga akaburira impunzi ko ziza kumenya bidatinze icyo yagezeho muri urwo rugendo rwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 60-62. Nyuma, se yagiye mu gitero cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata, ariko uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko atari abizi mbere y’uko igitero gitangira. LA44 yari azi kandi bamwe mu bagabye igitero. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, urup.

10. N’ubwo ibintu byari byifashe gutyo, yagumye aho mu mpunzi z’Abatutsi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 17-18. 499 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup. 21. 191/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 226 ntavugemo Gatete500. Cyakora, urebye intera ya buriya bwicanyi, biragaragara ko abategetsi n’abandi bantu ku giti cyabo bagize uruhare mu gukoranya abantu ngo bagabe igitero no mu kubaha amategeko. Birumvikana ko itsinda ry’abagabye igitero uyu mutangabuhamya yarimo rishobora kuba ritaragize aho rihurira na Gatete. Bityo rero, kuba LA50 avuga amazina ya bamwe mu bantu bari mu gitero ariko ntavugemo Gatete nta cyo byahindura. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa LA50 budahagije ngo rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya simusiga bushinja bwatanzwe.

416. Urugereko rusanga kandi ubuhamya bwa Innocent Habyalimana butahabwa agaciro kanini kubera ko atari kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 12 Mata501. Na none, ubuhamya bwe buvuga ko Padiri Bosco Munyaneza yishwe ku itariki ya 12 Mata naho Padiri Joseph Gatare akicwa ku ya 12 cyangwa iya 13 Mata ntibuhagije kugira ngo Urugereko rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya bwa AWF kubera ko nta n’umwe muri bariya bapadiri babiri Habyalimana yiboneye yicwa502.

417. Rushingiye ku bimaze kuvugwa, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bushinjura budahagije ngo rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya budahuzagurika kandi simusiga bwatanzwe n’abagabo bashinja biswe AWF, BVP na BVR503. Bityo rero, Urugereko rwemeje, nta 500 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup. 29. 501 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, urup. 55. 502 Urugereko rusanga Habyalimana avuga gusa ko inkuru y’urupfu rw’abapadiri yayumvanye abantu bakwizerwa ariko ntasobanura abo bantu abo ari bo cyangwa igihe yumviye amakuru yerekeye ubwicanyi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, urup.

55. Urugereko ruributsa ko AWF avuga ko umwe mu bapadiri yishwe ku itariki ya 9 Mata. 503 Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ukunyuranya kuboneka hagati y’ubuhamya bushinja n’ubushinjura ku byerekeranye n’imodoka yageze kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata. AWF avuga ikamyoneti y’ubururu yo mu bwoko bwa Daihatsu. LA44, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 7-8, 19 190/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 227 gushidikanya, ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata mu gitondo cya kare, Interahamwe zagabye igitero kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ariko impunzi zikagisubiza inyuma. Nyuma yaho muri icyo gitondo cyangwa mu masaha ya mbere ya nyuma ya saa sita, Gatete yageze ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru, hafi ya paruwasi ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Célestin Senkware, Konseye Samson Gashumba, Liyetona Twahira, umutegetsi witwa Édouard Ngabonzima, n’abajandarume. Icyo gihe yaje mu modoka itwaye ibisanduku birimo imbunda na gerenade. Izo ntwaro zahawe abari mu gitero barimo Interahamwe, maze Gatete abaha amabwiriza yo kugaba igitero ku Batutsi bari kuri paruwasi. Mu bagabye igitero harimo n’abajandarume, abasirikare b’abarezerivisiti n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare. Bifashishije intwaro zazanywe na Gatete n’abandi bategetsi, abagabye igitero biraye mu mpunzi zari ziganjemo Abatutsi. Abatutsi barokotse icyo gitero baje kwicwa nyuma n’abagabye igitero bitwaje intwaro gakondo nk’imipanga. Kubera ibyo, uwo munsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange hiciwe abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi.

418. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanze hataragaragajwe, ku buryo budashidikanywaho, ko Gatete yatwaye Interahamwe [mu modoka] azijyana kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Porokireri (avuga ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata, haje ikamyoneti yo mu bwoko bwa Hilux ariko anasobanura ko yari inyuma mu itsinda ry’impunzi kubera ko yari yakomeretse); LA50, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15, 18, 21 (yabonye ikamyoneti y’umweru yo mu bwoko bwa Hilux ihagera, ariko nta yindi modoka yabonye uwo munsi). Kubera igihe gishize ibintu bibaye n’akaduruvayo kari gahari, Urugereko rusanga uku kunyuranya kudakanganye. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rwazirikanye ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ko hariho gahunda yo guharabika Gatete. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 35-58; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup.

8. Urugereko rwasuzumye ibyo bintu bivugwa n’Ubwunganizi hamwe n’ibimenyetso bwifashisha ariko rusanga bidahagije ngo rube rwashidikanya ku buhamya bushinja budahuzagurika kandi simusiga buvugwa haruguru. 189/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 228 ntiyanatanze ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange habereye ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato504.

7. IBIRO BYA KOMINE YA KAYONZA, KUVA KU ITARIKI YA 10 KUGERA KU YA 15 MATA 1994 7.1 Intangiriro 419. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko igihe kimwe hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, Gatete yageze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ari kumwe n’Interahamwe zifite intwaro hamwe na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza. Icyo gihe, ku mbuga y’ibiro bya komine hari hakoraniye imbaga y’abantu igizwe n’abaturage bo muri ako gace barimo abagore b’Abatutsikazi n’Interahamwe zari zimaze igihe gito zihageze. Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe ko mu tundi duce bari bamaze « gutsembatsemba » Abatutsi, maze azitegeka ko na zo zisambanya ku gahato zikanica Abatutsi. Yanategetse ko Abatutsi batandukanywa n’abandi bantu bakajyanwa ku cyobo rusange. Kubera ibyo, Abatutsi basambanyirijwe ku gahato aho hantu kandi barahicirwa. Mu gushyigikira ibyo avuga, Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya abatangabuhamya biswe BAQ na BAR batangiye mu Rukiko505. 504 N’ubwo AWF yatanze ubuhamya simusiga, ubuhamya bwe budafite ubundi bubushyigikira ku byerekeye ibyabaye ku itariki ya 9 Mata ntibusobanutse. Urugereko rusanga rero budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nta myanzuro Urugereko rufata ku byabereye kuri paruwasi ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994. 505 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 23, 23A, 32, 35, 42-43; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 48-49, 75 (v), 82, 108, 129, 229 (e), 230 (e), 231 (e), 233 (d), 391, 393-412, 447-456, 458-463; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup.

8. Ku iyicwa rya Gatare, nk’uko rivugwa mu gika cya 23A mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, ibimenyetso bishinja byatanzwe mu rubanza bigaragaza ko Gatare yiciwe 188/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 229 420. Ubwunganizi buhakana ko hari ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato cyangwa by’ubwicanyi byakorewe ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza muri Mata 1994. Ubwunganizi kandi buhakana ibivugwa ko Gatete yari ku biro bya komine muri icyo gihe. Mu gushyigikira ibyo buvuga, Ubwunganizi bwifashisha ubuhamya bwa LA66, Denise Dusabe, LA44 na LA50506. 7.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BAQ 421. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BAQ ni Umututsikazi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umuhinzi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Nyamirama, Komine ya Kayonza. Ku wa kane muri Mata, yamenye ko Perezida yaraye apfuye mu ijoro. Abayobozi bo muri ako karere basabye abantu bose kuguma mu ngo zabo, ariko we amaze kumva iyo nkuru yagiye kubimenyesha nyinawabo [cyangwa nyirasenge] wari utuye muri metero zigera kuri 150 i Giparara muri Komine ya Kabarondo. Mu nzira agaruka, yahagaze kuri santeri y’ubucuruzi ya Giparara ahabona ikamyoneti yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota Hilux itwaye abantu bagera kuri 20 n’ « umuntu bitaga burugumesitiri », Gatete. N’ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya atari yarigeze abona Gatete mbere, yumvise umuntu asakuza avuga ngo « ibyacu birarangiye ubwo Gatete aje ». Abantu babwiye uyu mutangabuhamya ko umugabo wari wicaye iruhande rw’umushoferi ari Gatete. BAQ yamubonye akanya gato hamwe na Mahmud, nk’uko bivugwa mu gika cya 36 mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusuzuma ibivugwa ku iyicwa rya Gatare igihe rusuzuma ibivugwa mu gika cya 36 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Reba II.4; II.7. 506 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 826, 829-857, 1107, 1108, 1110, 1201, 1210; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 54-56. 187/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 230 « ubwo [Gatete] yatambukaga nk’umurabyo ». Abari mu modoka inyuma bavuyemo naho abari imbere bagumamo. Ibyo bikimara kuba, uyu mutangabuhamya yahise asubira mu rugo, iryo joro araharara507.

422. Ku wa gatanu, uyu mutangabuhamya yagumye mu rugo. Kubera ko hari inkuru zivuga ko Abatutsi bari kwicwa, muri iryo joro yihishe mu bihuru hamwe n’umugabo we n’abana bane. Bukeye mu gitondo, biyemeje gusubira mu rugo ariko bamenya ko abantu bamwe bari bazi bishwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye mu rugo afata utwangushye maze yerekeza ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza n’abana be babiri. Umugabo yafashe abandi bana babiri yabyaranye n’umugore we wa mbere abajyana kuri Paruwasi ya Kabarondo, ari naho yaje kwicirwa nyuma. Ageze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza, BAQ yahasanze impunzi z’Abahutu n’Abatutsi508.

423. Ku wa gatandatu mbere ya saa sita, « Burugumesitiri Gatete » yageze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza muri ya kamyoneti y’ibara rya kaki BAQ yari yamubonyemo ku wa kane i Giparara. Icyo gihe, Gatete yari kumwe n’Interahamwe n’umusirikare. Umupolisi wa komine witwa Ntaganda yabwiye uyu mutangabuhamya ko uwo musirikare wari kumwe na Gatete yari umuliyetona. Burugumesitiri Senkware yakiriye Gatete maze uyu aravuga ati « Senkware, sinzi icyo urimo gukora kuko mbona muri komine yawe hakiri umwanda ». Ubwo Gatete yakoranyije Interahamwe zari zifite intwaro maze arazibwira ngo « zifate abagore bakiri bato ziryamane na bo » hanyuma zibice. Yanategetse 507 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 11 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 73 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 74 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 75; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2, 10-14, 19, 36. Imodoka yahagaze kuri metero 10 uvuye aho BAQ yari ari. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 14. 508 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 74-76. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-3, 6-7, 14-15, 17. 186/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 231 Interahamwe kwica abagabo yise « umwanda » kandi byumvikanye ko yashakaga kuvuga Abatutsi. Akimara gutanga amategeko, Gatete yahise agenda. Abenshi mu Batutsikazi bari bateraniye ku biro bya Komine basambanyirijwe ku gahato aho mu mbuga birangiye baricwa. Inyuma y’ibiro bya komine hari icyobo, kandi abantu bakuruwe bajyanwa muri icyo cyobo509.

424. BAQ na we yasambanyirijwe ku gahato n’Interahamwe ebyiri aho mu mbuga y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaje kuhava n’abana be babiri bihisha mu gashyamba nyuma bajya kurara mu rugo rw’umuturanyi. Abenshi mu bantu basambanyijwe ku gahato barapfuye510. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BAR 425. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BAR ni Umututsikazi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Nyamirama muri Komine ya Kayonza. Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Perezida rwabaye ari ku wa gatatu muri Mata, muri segiteri ye habaye umutekano muke. Ku wa gatanu wakurikiyeho, Abatutsi barishwe maze uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu bava mu ngo zabo bajya kwihisha mu ntoki no mu bihuru. Nyuma yaho, Nyampame wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Nyamirama yavuze ko abagore n’abana 509 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 77 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 78; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-6, 19-20. Nta saha BAQ yari yambaye akaba rero yararebega aho izuba rigeze kugira ngo agereranye isaha iyo ari yo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-4, 19. Yari muri metero nk’eshanu uvuye aho Gatete yari ari, kandi « yabashije kumubona neza cyane », inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo, urup.

4. Nta bisobanuro birambuye byasabwe cyangwa byatanzwe ku byabereye kuri icyo « cyobo ». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 78. 510 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 78; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5-6, 20-22, 33-35. 185/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 232 bashoboraga gusubira mu ngo zabo nta kibazo, maze ku wa gatatu wakurikiyeho uyu mutangabuhamya asubira mu rugo511.

426. Ku wundi wa gatanu wakurikiyeho, BAR n’abana be batatu bahungiye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza, nyuma y’igitero cyagabwe mu gace yari atuyemo. Kuri bariyeri yari ku muhanda imbere y’ibiro bya komine baramuretse aratambuka, maze ageze ku biro bya komine ahasanga impunzi z’Abatutsi zirenga 30 zirimo abagore n’abana512.

427. Hagati ya saa sita na saa saba z’amanywa, Gatete yageze kuri ibyo biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ari kumwe n’Interahamwe. Aho kandi hari Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza na Ntaganda wari umupolisi wa komine. Abandi bakozi ba komine bari mu biro byabo. Gatete yari nko muri metero eshanu uvuye aho BAR yari ari, maze abagore bari bazi Gatete barasakuza bavuga ngo « turapfuye ubwo Gatete ageze hano ». Gatete yahagaze imbere y’ibiro bya Senkware maze aramubaza ati « bariya bantu barakora iki? » Senkware yamushubije ko bari baje gushaka ubuhungiro ku biro bya komine. Ubwo Gatete yategetse Interahamwe gufata abagore maze « zikaryamana na bo »513.

428. Abagabo bari mu mpunzi barishwe, maze abagore basambanyirizwa ku gahato ahantu hatandukanye ku biro bya komine birangiye na bo baricwa. BAR na we yasambanyijwe ku gahato. Ibyo bikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato birangiye, Gatete na Senkware 511 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 12 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 40-41, 43-45. BAR ntasobanura niba yaragiye kwihisha mu rutoki n’umuryango we. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 44. 512 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 45-46, 50, 66. BAR yajyanye na batatu gusa mu bana be maze abandi basigaye inyuma baza kwicwa, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 50. 513 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 45-46 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 47-49, 66, 68-69. 184/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 233 bagiye i « Kayonza ». Ku cyumweru, uyu mutangabuhamya n’abana be batatu bavuye ku biro bya komine bamara iminsi itatu yakurikiyeho bihishe mu bihuru, nyuma yaho bajya kuba ku baturanyi. Ku wa kabiri wakurikiyeho ni bwo Inkotanyi zababonye514. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA66 429. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA66 ni Umututsikazi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umuhinzi abana n’abana be umunani muri Segiteri ya Nyamirama, Komine ya Kayonza. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 6 Mata, amaze kumva inkuru y’umuntu wishwe, yaraye ku nshuti ye. Mu majoro ane yakurikiyeho yihishe mu bihuru wenyine. Yatekerazaga ko abana be bari bishwe ariko nyuma aza kumva ko batatu muri bo barokotse515.

430. LA66 yaje kujya mu rugo rw’inshuti ye yari Interahamwe. Agezeyo, yahasanze umutangabuhamya wiswe BAR wari umuturanyi we akaba na we yari yihishe muri urwo rugo wenyine. BAR nta wari wamuriye n’urwara, kandi bamaze icyumweru n’igice bihishe hamwe. Inshuti yari yarabahishe yagendaga ku manywa, yagaruka ku mugoroba ikababwira iby’ubwicanyi we n’Interahamwe zo mu itsinda rye babaga bakoze. LA66, BAR, n’inshuti yabo bahunze intage mbere y’uko Inkotanyi zihagera. LA66 yahungiye muri Komine ya Kabarondo516. 514 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 45, 47, 49 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 50, 68-69, 73- 75. Umwe mu bana be yiciwe mu rugo, abandi babakomeretsa n’icumu maze babajugunya mu musarani bakiri bazima, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 68-70. BAR ntazi amazina y’abagabo bamusambanyije ku gahato, ariko azi ko bari abo muri Komine ya Murambi, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 49. 515 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 70 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 4-7. 516 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 6-8, 28-29. 183/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 234 431. LA66 na BAR baracyaturanye kandi babonana hafi buri munsi. Ubwo bagiranaga amakimbirane nyuma y’uko BAR ashinje LA66 muri Gacaca, umuryango wa AVEGA wabafashije kwiyunga. Uko LA66 abizi, muri Mata 1994 nta kintu cyabaye kuri BAR517.

432. LA66 anaturanye kandi n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BAQ kuko hagati y’ingo zabo zombi hari urugendo rw’iminota 20. Mu gihe cy’ibyabaye muri Mata 1994, BAQ yihishe mu rugo rw’umuntu kugeza Inkotanyi zihageze. BAQ ntiyigeze na rimwe avuga ko hari icyamubayeho muri kiriya gihe. Umugabo wa BAR ni mubyara w’umugabo wa BAQ518. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Denise Dusabe 433. Denise Dusabe ni Umuhutukazi. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umuhinzi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Nyamirama, Komine ya Kayonza. Ari ahantu hirengeye, yashoboraga kubona ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza byari nko muri metero ijana cyangwa ahantu umuntu yagenda iminota itanu n’amaguru avuye ku rugo rwe. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki 6 Mata, yari iwe mu rugo muri Serire ya Ruvumu, bukeye mu gitondo yumva ko Perezida Habyarimana yapfuye. Mu minsi yakurikiyeho, nta kintu yabonye kiba cyangwa ngo abone impunzi ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Aho ku biro bya Komine yahabonye abapolisi gusa519.

434. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata nyuma ya saa sita, muri Segiteri ya Nyamirama hageze imbaga y’impunzi z’Abahutu bahungaga ibitero by’Inkotanyi muri Komine ya Murambi. Nyuma 517 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 8-9, 10-14, 25-28. Muri Gacaca, BAR yari yavuze ko mu mwaka wa 1994 LA66 yahaye abagabaga ibitero inka, kandi ahubwo ari bo bamwambuye inka ze. Urukiko Gacaca rwemeye ubuhamya bwa BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2009, imp. 12, 13-15. 518 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11, 15-17, 28. 519 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 74 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 32, 34-38. Inyuma y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza hari imisarani, imirima ihingwa, n’intoke; nta cyobo rusange cyari gihari. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 36-37. 182/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 235 yaho, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye kugurira ibintu impunzi zahungaga Inkotanyi zarimo gusatira ako karere520.

435. Muri Mata 1994, Mbwenu, Karangwa na Gatsinzi bayoboye ibitero mu gace uyu mutangabuhamya yari atuyemo. Buri gihe iyo babaga bategura igitero, abagabaga ibitero bateraniraga ku muhanda imbere y’urugo rw’uyu mutangabuhamya bakaganira ku byarimo kuba. Umunsi umwe, hafi y’itariki ya 11 Mata, ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe mu rugo rw’iwabo inyuma y’uruzitiro, yababonye banyura mu masangano y’imihanda imbere y’urugo rwe. Yari azi amajwi yabo neza kandi yabumvise batanga amategeko521.

436. Ku itariki ya 15 Mata, Inkotanyi zafashe Komine ya Kayonza, maze uyu mutangabuhamya n’umuryango we bahungira muri Tanzaniya. Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri, uyu mutangabuhamya yagaruwe mu Rwanda, agaruka mu gace yari atuyemo maze akomeza umurimo we w’ubuhinzi522.

437. Mu mwaka wa 1994, Dusabe na BAQ bakundaga guhurira ku muhanda bagiye kuvoma amazi. Muri Mata 1994, BAQ yihishe mu rugo rwa wa muntu LA66 yavuze. Ibyo Dusabe yabibwiwe na Gracias Mbateye warimo ashaka uwo muntu kandi agamije no kwica umugore we [uwo muntu] kubera ko yahishe BAQ. Dusabe ntazi niba muri Mata 1994 hari ikintu cyabaye kuri BAQ523. 520 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 38-40. 521 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 43-45. 522 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 39-41. 523 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, imp. 41-42. 181/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 236 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA44 438. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA44 ni Umuhutu. Mu mwaka wa 1994 yari umunyeshuri aba muri Segiteri ya Mukarange, Komine ya Kayonza. Icyo gihe, kuri rompuwe ya Kayonza hari abasirikare n’abajandarume barindaga umutekano kandi bari aho hantu kuva mu mwaka wa 1990. Ku itariki ya 14 Mata, LA44 yanyuze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza byari hafi cyane y’umuhanda. Ahanyura yashoboraga kureba imbere mu biro bya komine, ariko nta kintu yabonye kihabera524. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA50 439. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA50 ni Umuhutu, mu mwaka wa 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi, afite n’akabari. Yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Kayonza, Komine ya Kayonza. Icyo gihe, kuri santeri y’ubucuruzi ya Kayonza hari abajandarume bayobowe n’umuliyetona witwaga Twahirwa. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, LA50 yagiye mu gitero cyagabwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, ahava mu masaa sita arataha. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagumye mu rugo kugera ku itariki ya 15 Mata. Ahavuye, yanyuze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ari kumwe n’umuryango we n’abandi bantu, kandi nta kintu yabonye kihabera. Uwo munsi yabonye abantu benshi ku muhanda. Nyuma uyu mutangabuhamya yaje guhungira muri Tanzaniya525. 524 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 87 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 17 Werurwe 2010, imp. 56-58; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 18 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-13, 16-18. Reba na II.6. 525 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 90 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9, 11-13, 21-25. Reba icyiciro II.6. 180/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 237 7.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 440. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko igihe kimwe hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi y’ayo matariki, Gatete yageze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ari kumwe n’Interahamwe zifite intwaro hamwe na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza. Icyo gihe, ku mbuga y’ibiro bya Komine hari hateraniye imbaga y’abantu igizwe n’abaturage bo muri ako gace barimo abagore b’Abatutsikazi n’Interahamwe zari zimaze igihe gito zihageze. Gatete yabwiye Interahamwe ko mu tundi duce bari bamaze « gutsembatsemba » Abatutsi, maze azitegeka ko na zo zisambanya ku gahato zikanica Abatutsi. Yanategetse ko Abatutsi batandukanywa n’abandi bantu bakajyanwa ku cyobo rusange. Kubera ibyo, Abatutsi basambanyirijwe ku gahato kandi bicirwa aho hantu. Mu gushyigikira ibyo avuga, Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya bw’abagabo biswe BAQ na BAR, bari bahungiye bombi ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Aba batangabuhamya bavuze uburyo Gatete yahageze, n’amategeko yahaye Interahamwe yo gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi bari aho. Mu buhamya bwabo mu Rukiko, BAQ na BAR bavuze kandi ko Interahamwe zabasambanyirije ku gaho ku biro bya komine526.

441. Bwifashishije ubuhamya bw’abagabo bashinjura biswe LA66, LA44, LA50 n’uwitwa Denise Dusabe, Ubwunganizi buhakana ibivugwa ko ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato n’ubwicanyi byabereye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza muri Mata 1994. Buvuga ko icyo gihe BAQ na BAR batahungiye ku biro bya komine. Ubwunganizi bwifashisha 526 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 23, 23A, 32, 35, 42-43; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 48-49, 75 (v), 82, 108, 129, 229 (e), 230 (e), 231 (e), 233 (d), 390-412; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, urup. 8 179/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 238 kandi ubuhamya bw’umugabo ushinja wiswe BAY yavuze ko atabonye impunzi ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ku itariki ya 13 Mata527.

442. Mbere na mbere ku byerekeranye n’ubuhamya bushinja, Urugereko rusanga hari ibintu bisa mu buhamya bwa BAQ n’ubwa BAR. Aba batangabuhamya bombi bavuze ko bahungiye ku biro bya komine ya Kayonza nyuma y’urupfu rwa Perezida ubwo ibitero byari bitangiye kugabwa mu duce bari batuyemo528. Bombi bavuze ukuntu Gatete yageze ku biro bya komine mu modoka ari kumwe n’Interahamwe. BAQ na BAR bibutse kandi ko Burugumesitiri Senkware n’umupolisi wa komine witwa Ntaganda na bo bari bahari. Aba batangabuhamya bavuze ko Gatete ahageze, yavuganye na Senkware amubaza ibyerekeranye n’impunzi, hanyuma agaha Interahamwe amategeko yo « kuryamana » n’abagore529. BAQ yibutse n’amategeko Gatete yatanze yo kwica impunzi530. Aba batangabuhamya bombi bavuze ko Abatutsikazi basambanyijwe ku gahato bakanicwa kubera amategeko ya Gatete, ndetse ko na bo ubwabo Interahamwe zabasambanyije ku gahato531. 527 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 826, 829-857, 1107, 1108, 1110, 1201, 1210; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 54-56. Ku byerekeranye na BAY, reba II.8. 528 BAQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 75-76; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 14-15; BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 44-45. 529 BAQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 77-78; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha,

3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-5; BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009 imp. 45-48. 530 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 77 (« maze Gatete avuga ko abagabo yise umwanda bagomba kuvanwaho »). 531 BAQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo, urup. 78; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo, imp. 5-6; BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 47, 49. 178/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 239 443. N’ubwo BAQ na BAR bavuga bimwe kuri ibyo bintu, banyuranya ku byerekeranye n’amatariki igitero cyabereyeho. N’ubwo kunyuranyaho iminsi mike bishobora, rimwe na rimwe, kuba biterwa n’igihe gishize ibintu bibaye, ahangaha abatangabuhamya bombi bibuka neza ahantu hanyuranye bagiye mu minsi yakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida, kurinda bagera ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza, bakaba basa n’abashaka kumvikanisha ko bagiyeyo ku minsi itandukanye. BAQ yavuze ko yagiye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza ku wa gatandatu wakurikiye umunsi Perezida yapfuyeho, ubwo hakaba hashobora kuba hari ku itariki ya 9 Mata. Yongeyeho ko Gatete yahageze uwo munsi ari na bwo ibikorwa bivugwa byo gusambanya abagore ku gahato n’ubwicanyi byabaye532. BAR we yavuze mu buryo bweruye ko mu gace k’iwabo ubwicanyi bwatangiye ku wa gatanu wakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida, ubwo hakaba hashobora kuba hari ku itariki ya 8 Mata. Kubera iyo mpamvu, BAR yihishe mu rutoki ariko aza gusubira mu rugo ku wa gatatu wakurikiyeho, ubwo hakaba hashobora kuba hari ku itariki ya 13 Mata. Ku wa gatanu wakurikiyeho, ku itariki ya 15 Mata, BAR yahungiye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza, Gatete ahagera uwo munsi, ndetse n’ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato n’ubwicanyi biba uwo munsi533.

444. Ibyo ari byo byose, Urugereko rugomba gusuzuma ireme ry’ubuhamya bwa buri mutangabuhamya mu Rukiko kugira ngo rurebe niba bumwe, cyangwa se bwombi, bwashingirwaho mu gufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Mu ikubitiro, Urugereko rushidikanya ko abo batangabuhamya bombi bashoboye kumenya Gatete muri Mata 1994. N’ubwo BAQ yavuze ko yari yaramubonye inshuro imwe mbere y’itariki ya 9 Mata, icyo gihe yamubonye umwanya muto cyane kubera ko Gatete « yahanyuze 532 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 74-77; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 17-18, 30. 533 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 44-45, 66, 69. 177/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 240 nk’umurabyo » kandi icyo gihe yamumenye ari uko yumvise abantu bavuga ko ari we534. Urugereko rufite amakenga nk’ayo ku byerekeranye na BAR. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko muri Mata 1994 atari azi Gatete ndetse ko atari yarigeze amubona mbere y’uriya munsi avuga ko yamubonyeho ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Uwo munsi kandi na bwo yamumenye ari uko abwiwe n’abantu ko ari we535. Bityo rero, aba batangabuhamya bombi bamenye Uregwa bashingiye ku byo babwiwe, ibyo bikaba bituma Urugereko rusuzumana ubushishozi ubuhamya bwabo ku byabaye bivugwa ahangaha536.

445. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rusanga BAQ na BAR bafitanye isano ya hafi, kandi bari kumwe, ahantu hamwe, ubwo abapererezi b’Urukiko bakoraga inyandikomvugo z’ubuhamya bwabo537. Aba batangabuhamya bombi bemeye kandi ko baganiriye ku byabaye538. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko ruzirikana ko aba batangabuhamya bombi bashobora kuba barumvikanye ku byo bavuga mu buhamya bwabo, bityo Urugereko rukaba rugomba kurushaho gushishoza mu kugena agaciro kahabwa ubwo buhamya. 534 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

73. Urugereko rusanga BAQ avuga ko « mbere y’uwo munsi atari azi Gatete », inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 14. 535 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43-44, 46. 66-67. 536 Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kalimanzira mu bujurire, ibika 96, 99. 537 BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 72-73; BAQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 31-33. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga kuba abatangabuhamya ari abanyamuryango ba Avega bitabuza ubuhamya bwabo kwizerwa, nk’uko Ubwunganizi bushaka kubivuga. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 831, 845, 856. 538 BAQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 31-32 (« Kenshi hari igihe tuganira [BAQ na BAR] ku byatubayeho igihe byabaga. »); BAR, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 72-73 (« Yego, uwo muntu [BAQ] ndamuzi kandi twahuriye ku biro bya komine. Ibyambayeho ni byo byamubayeho na we. Intambara imaze kurangira twagiye duhura tukaganira ku byatubayeho ».), 76-77. 176/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 241 446. Ku byerekeranye n’ireme ry’ubuhamya bw’aba batangabuhamya, Urugereko rusanga n’ubwo BAQ afitanye isano na BAR, yarabanje gusa n’uhunga ikibazo ubwo bamubazaga niba hari abandi bagore azi basambanyijwe ku gahato ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza539. Kubera ko BAQ yamenye Gatete ashingiye ku byo yabwiwe, akaba afitanye isano ya hafi na BAR ndetse akaba yaragerageje guhunga ikibazo mu ibaza rinyomoza, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwe butakwizerwa bihagije ngo bube bwashingirwaho mu gufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho.

447. Ku byerekeranye na BAR, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko atagaragaje ubushake bwo gusubiza ibibazo mu ibaza rinyomoza540. N’ubwo Urugereko rwemera ko mu buhamya bwe mu Rukiko, abatangabuhamya bashobora kugira ibibazo iyo babazwa ku byabaye bihahamura, uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyashatse gusubiza ibibazo by’Ubwunganizi ubwo yabazwaga ku bintu biterekeranye na kiriya gitero cyagabwe ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza541. Byongeye kandi, yarahuzaguritse mu buhamya bwe. Nk’urugero, yabanje kuvuga neza ko nta mugore azi wasambanyijwe ku gahato ku biro bya komine ngo aze kurokoka, ariko nyuma avuga ko BAQ yarokotse, ndetse yemera ko bahuye bakaganira ku byabaye542. Muri make, kubera ko rufite amakenga ku kuba uyu mutangabuhamya 539 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 20 (« Ikibazo: Usibye wowe hari abandi bagore barokotse? Igisubizo: Oya. Kuki ushaka ko ninjira mu buzima bwite bw’abandi bantu? Wa mudamu we urashaka kugera kuki? »). 540 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 848-850. 541 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 56-58. 542 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 69 (« Ikibazo: Waba uzi niba hari undi n’umwe muri abo bagore basambanyijwe ku gahato bakaza kurokoka, uretse wowe? Igisubizo: Oya, ntawe nzi. Abagore bose nzi basambanyijwe ku gahato bitabye imana. Aho hantu twari benshi, kandi sinzi abandi basambanyijwe ku gahato »), 72 (avuga BAQ, « Yego, uwo muntu ndamuzi kandi twahuriye ku biro bya komine. Ibyambayeho, na we ni byo byamubayeho. Nyuma y’intambara, twarahuye tuganira ku byatubayeho ».). Urugereko rufite n’amakenga ku 175/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 242 yarashoboye kumenya Gatete, ndetse rukanashidikanya ku ireme ry’ubuhamya bwe, Urugereko rusanga ubwo buhamya bwe budahagije ngo bube bwashingirwaho mu gufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho.

448. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ibimenyetso bishinjura ndetse n’ubuhamya BAY yatanze mu Rukiko.543 N’ubwo rusanga ibyo bimenyetso bifite agaciro gake, rusanga ubuhamya bwa BAQ n’ubwa BAR budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho rufata imyanzuro ku buryo budashidikanywaho544. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze Porokireri ataragaragaje ko igihe kimwe hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, Gatete yageze ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza agategeka Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi bari bahari. Porokireri ntiyanagaragaje ko Gatete yategetse ko Abatutsi batandukanywa buhamya bwo munyandikomvuko yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko. N’ubwo yemera ko yabonanye inshuro eshanu n’abapererezi b’Urukiko mu Rwanda kandi akibuka ko hari ubuhamya yashyizeho umukono, Ubwunganizi bwamweretse ubwo buhamya uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko atari ubwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 51. 543 Urugereko ruributsa ubuhamya BAY yatanze mu Rukiko avuga ko ahagana hafi y’itariki ya 13 Mata 1994 yari ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Asobanura ko nta ruzitiro rwari ruzengurutse ibiro bya komine, bikaba rero byarashobokaga kureba ibyaberaga hanze y’ibiro bya komine. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye gusa abagabye igitero n’Interahamwe kuri bariyeri. Aho ku biro bya komine yanahabonye abana bagera ku icumi bamubwiye ko ababyeyi babo bari biciwe mu duce bari batuyemo. Nta bandi bantu bari aho. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

44. Cyakora, ubu buhamya ntibwavuguruza, byanze bikunze, kuba bishoboka ko haba hari ibintu byaba byarabereye ku biro bya komine mbere yaho, uwo munsi cyangwa mbere y’uwo munsi. 544 Mu gufata uwo mwanzuro, Urugereko rwanazirikanye ibindi bimenyetso biri muri dosiye, by’umwihariko ahavugwa ko abantu babonye Gatete ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Senkware mu bitero byagabwe ku Batutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Cyakora, ubu buhamya ntibuhagije ku buryo bwashyigikira, mu buryo butaziguye ubwa BAQ na BAR. 174/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 243 n’abandi bakajyanwa ku cyobo rusange. Byongeye kandi, ntihagaragajwe ko Abatutsi bari aho hantu basambanyijwe ku gahato bakanicwa kubera ibikorwa bya Gatete.

8. BARIYERI Y’I KAYONZA, TARIKI YA 12 MATA 1994 8.1 Intangiriro 449. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi y’ayo matariki, ku mva rusange yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza, Gatete yakubise umugabo witwa Gatare umugeri wa karate, nyuma yaho uwo Gatare yicwa n’Interahamwe zibitegetswe na Gatete. Ikindi kandi, hafi y’itariki ya 12 Mata, Gatete, ba Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange na Célestin Senkware, hamwe n’abapolisi ba komine n’Interahamwe bakoze igikorwa cyo kugenzura indangamuntu z’abagenzi ku muhanda ugana i Kibungo unyura muri Komine ya Kayonza. Kuri bariyeri imwe, Gatete, agatsiko k’Interahamwe n’abapolisi ba komine barimo umwe witwa Déo, basohoye mu modoka ya Kamuzinzi umugabo w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIX, akaba yari Umututsi. Basohoyemo kandi na Kamuzinzi nyiri imodoka wari Umuhutu utari intagondwa, akaba yari no mu ishyaka ritavugaga rumwe n’iryari ku butegetsi. Icyo gihe, Gatete yategetse abapolisi kurasa bakica umugabo wa AIX na Kamuzinzi, maze koko babicisha amasasu. Abantu bari mu modoka ya Kamuzinzi barimo uwitwaga Mahmud na bo bishwe n’Interahamwe zibitegetswe na Gatete. Nyuma, Gatete yigaruriye iyo modoka. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVQ n’ubw’uwiswe BAY545. 545 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 23A, 32, 35-36; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 48, 50, 108, 116, 232 (d), 232 (e), 390-392, 413-446, 464-491; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 63, 65-67. Urugereko rusanga AIX ataratanze ubuhamya muri uru rubanza. Urugereko rusanga kandi mu gushyigikira igika cya 13 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego, Porokireri avuga bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya 173/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 244 450. Ubwunganizi ntibuhakana ko hari bariyeri yari ku muhanda uva kuri rompuwe yo muri Komine ya Kayonza uzamuka ku gasozi. Ubwunganizi bwemera kandi ko Gatare na Mahmud biciwe kuri iyo bariyeri. Nyamara ariko, Ubwunganizi ntibwemera ko Gatete yari kuri iyo bariyeri, ndetse ntibwemera n’uruhare yitirirwa muri ubwo bwicanyi. Mu gushyigikira ibyo, Ubwunganizi bwifashisha ubuhamya bwa Djuma Habineza n’ubwa Assumani Ndayambaje. Ubwunganizi buvuga kandi ko Gatete atamenyeshejwe uko bikwiye ibyabaye bishyigikira ikirego kirebana n’iyicwa rya Gatare na Mahmud546. 8.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BVQ 451. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BVQ ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yarigaga amashuri yisumbuye, atuye muri Segiteri ya Gakenke, muri Komine ya Murambi. Yamenye inkuru y’urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana ahagana saa kumi za mu gitondo ku itariki ya 7 cyangwa iya 8 Mata, ayumvanye se. Froduald wari umukuru w’Interahamwe zo muri Gakenke yari yabwiye se w’uyu mutangabuhamya ko Gatete n’Interahamwe bafite umugambi wo kugaba igitero ku muryango we. Kubera ibyo rero, se w’uyu Komine ya Kayonza. Reba Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 36. Nyamara ariko, igika cya 13 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ku birebana na bariyeri zo muri Perefegitura ya Byumba. Bariyeri yo muri Komine ya Kayonza yari muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. 546 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 827-828, 858-902, 1094, 1109-1110; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 40, 56-57. 172/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 245 mutangabuhamya yabwiye abantu bo mu muryango we ngo bihishe ahantu hatandukanye547.

452. Ahagana saa kumi n’igice za mu gitondo, uyu mutangabyuhamya na nyina wari Umututsikazi bagiye kwihisha mu rugo rw’umuturanyi wabo akaba yari n’umushumba wabo wari utuye kuri metero 30 uvuye iwabo. Bihishe mu idari, hakaba hari n’akadirishya gato. Bari aho mu idari, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye abagabye igitero bagera kuri 200 bayobowe n’abapolisi hamwe n’Interahamwe basahura urugo rw’iwabo ndetse n’ingo z’indi miryango ibiri548.

453. Hagati ya saa tatu n’igice na saa ine n’igice za mu gitondo, Interahamwe zikimara gusahura izo ngo eshatu, Gatete yaje muri kamyoneti itukura yo mu bwoko bwa Toyota Hilux. Uregwa yari kumwe n’Interahamwe ku muhanda, kuri metero 20 uvuye aho uyu mutangabuhamya yari ari ubwo yazibazaga niba zari zabashije kwica abantu bo muri ya miryango itatu yo mu ngo zari zimaze gusahura. Abagabye igitero basubije ko batabishe. Gatete yabasezeranyije igihembo cya miliyoni y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda nibaramuka babashije kubona abantu bo muri iyo miryango, yongeraho ati « Nta cyo bimaze gusahura ibintu. Mugomba gushaka abantu bo muri iyo miryango mukabica. Bariya ni zo Nyenzi nkuru. Ndabasabye rero, mubashake ». Gatete yavuye aho nka nyuma y’iminota 20. Interahamwe zashakishije abantu bo muri iyo miryango ariko zirababura549. 547 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 14 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 37, 39-42; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 1-2. 548 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 37-42, 44, 66-69, 74-75; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 1-2. 549 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 39 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 37-39, 42-43, 68; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 2. 171/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 246 454. Hashize iminsi ine cyangwa itanu bihishe, wa muturanyi yabwiye uyu mutangabuhamya ko we na nyina bakwiriye kuhava kubera ko Inkotanyi zari zageze i Kiziguro kandi n’Interahamwe zirimo zihunga. Nta n’ibyo kurya bari basigaranye. Mahmud yafashije uyu mutangabuhamya na barumuna be kuva aho, abatwara mu ivatiri yo mu bwoko bwa Nissan yari iya Kamuzinzi. Bahagurutse ahagana saa moya za mu gitondo berekeza iya Tanzaniya. Nyina w’uyu mutangabuhamya yasigaranye n’abaturanyi babo kubera ko yari yarakomeretse, ariko nyuma Inkotanyi zaje kumutwara550.

455. Muri urwo rugendo uyu mutangabuhamya yari kumwe na Mahmud wari utwaye imodoka, Gatare wari Umuhutu akaba no mu ishyaka rya MDR, abana babiri ba Mahmud, umuhungu wa Kamuzinzi witwa Jaji, Mushaka wakoraga mu rugo iwabo w’uyu mutangabuhamya, na murumuna w’uyu mutangabuhamya wari ufite amezi abiri. Bagendaga buhoro kubera ko mu muhanda hari imodoka nyinshi n’abantu benshi, barimo abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara, abasirikare bo mu ngabo z’igihugu n’Interahamwe. Ahagana hagati ya saa ine na saa ine n’igice za mu gitondo, bahagaritswe kuri bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Iyo bariyeri yari iriho Gatete n’Interahamwe, ikaba yari irinzwe n’abantu bagera kuri 20 barimo umupolisi witwa « Déo » n’uwitwa Habib Manihura, hamwe n’Interahamwe yitwa Rugwasibo. Izindi Nterahamwe zakomeje kugenda ziza551. 550 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-44, 46-49, 56-57, 67, 69-71, 73-76; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-3. 551 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 44 (bariyeri yari icunzwe na Gatete n’Interahamwe), 46-49 (n’umugabo ufite imbunda), 58, 70-71, 73-74; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-4, 8. BVQ yaje kuvuga nyuma ko umwe mu bapolisi yari Habibou Rwasibo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 74. 170/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 247 456. Aho kuri bariyeri, Gatete yabajije Mahmud aho nyir’iyo modoka ari, Mahmud amusubiza ko atahazi. Gatete yategetse abari mu modoka kuvamo bagahagarara iruhande rw’umuhanda, maze abonye Gatare aravuga ati « izi ni za Nyenzi nababwiye ». Yamaze iminota igera ku icumi ahondagura Gatare. Mahmud yagerageje kwiruka, ariko biramunanira kubera ko yari yaravunitse akaguru, noneho Interahamwe n’abandi bantu babitegetswe na Gatete, baramufata. Mahmud yagaruwe kuri bariyeri, hanyuma Gatete aravuga ati « mukureho umwanda ». Ubwo, Interahamwe zavugije Mahmud amahiri muri nyiramivumbi y’ibumoso maze ziramukomeretsa. Igihe Mahmud yakubitwaga, uyu mutangabuhamya yari muri metero zitagera kuri eshatu552.

457. Mahmud na Gatare barajyanywe maze bicirwa hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza hamwe n’abandi bantu, aho biciwe umuntu uri ku muhanda akaba yaraharebega. Mahmud bamurashe isasu rimwe, naho Gatare bamurasa abiri. Abana babiri ba Mahmud na bo barishwe. Uyu mutangabuhamya yakijijwe n’umuturanyi w’Umuhutu wabwiye abashakaga kumuhohotera ko ari umuhungu we. Baje kumwemerera kuhava umwe mu bashakaga kumuhohotera amaze kumukubita ikibuno cy’imbunda. Gatete na ba bapolisi ba komine bombi bagumanye imodoka. Mushaka, umuhungu wa Kamuzinzi, na murumuna w’uyu mutangabubuhamya wari ufite amezi abiri, na bo bararokotse553.

458. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagendanye na wa muturanyi ku maguru kuva i Kayonza kugera ahitwa i Remera, naho hakaba ari muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo, bakaba barahagenze iminsi iri hagati ya 10 na 15. Mu muhanda hari abantu benshi bahungaga intambara. 552 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 44, 46 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 47 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 48-49, 57-58. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-3, 6-7. 553 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 47-51, 74. Mahmud yajyanwe hafi y’ibiro bya komine «hamwe n’abandi bantu » muri metero nkeya uvuye aho bari bahagaze, aba ari ho yicirwa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 47. 169/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 248 Ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yanyuraga kuri bariyeri y’i Remera yarabutswe Gatete. Kuri bariyeri hari imbaga y’abantu, Gatete ari guha abarinze bariyeri amategeko yo gufata abasore n’abagabo kugira ngo « bajye guhangana n’Inyenzi ku rugamba ». Icyo gihe, intera yari hagati y’uyu mutangabuhamya na Gatete ntiyari igeze kuri metero enye. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyahagaze kuri bariyeri. Yabashije gutambuka kubera ko yahishe mu maso he n’umusambi, kandi na wa muturanyi akamurwanaho554.

459. Uyu mutangabuhamya yongeye kubona Gatete mu cyumweru cya mbere cy’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi ku mupaka wo ku Rusumo ku ruhande rwa Tanzaniya. Uyu mutangabuhamya yarebye Gatete isaha yose ubwo yari yafashwe n’abapolisi ba Tanzaniya bagaruje imodoka ya Kamuzinzi. Kamuzinzi yaje kwicwa nyuma yaho555. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BAY 460. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BAY ni Umututsi, akaba yari umucamanza mu wa 1994. Yakoraga ataha mu muryango we muri Segiteri ya Kayonza, muri Komine ya Kayonza. Hagati y’itariki ya 6 n’iya 12 Mata, we n’umuryango we bagumye mu rugo kubera itangazo rya Minisiteri y’Ingabo ryavugaga ko abantu bose baguma mu ngo zabo. Mu 554 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 51, 52 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 53, 77-79; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5-6. Mu ibaza rinyomoza, BVQ yongeyeho ko murumuna we wari ufite amezi abiri hamwe na Mushaka wari umukozi w’iwabo mu rugo, na bo babakurikiye muri Tanzaniya. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 76. 555 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 53; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2, 5. 168/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 249 ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 12 Mata, umuryango we waraye mu gihuru hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza556.

461. Ku itariki ya 13 Mata ahagana saa munani z’amanywa, uyu mutangabuhamya n’umuryango we bagiye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye kuri butike yari kuri metero 20 uvuye ku biro bya Komine werekeza ku muhanda w’ibitaka. Ubwo yari aho, yabonye Gatete agera ku biro bya komine ari mu modoka yo mu bwoko bwa Audi 100 y’umweru. Gatete akihagera yagiye kureba Burugumesitiri Senkware « inyuma » y’ibiro bya komine. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyamenye icyo bavuganye. Hashize akanya gato, Interahamwe zegereye uyu mutangabuhamya zimusaba ko we n’umuryango we bajya inyuma y’ibiro bya komine. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaranze ndetse yisubirira ku muhanda. Interahamwe zakomeje kumubwira ngo azikurikire ariko we aranga. Igihe ibyo byabaga, Gatete yari kumwe na Senkware ku rubaraza imbere y’ibiro bya Komine, ariko ntiyari yitaye kuri uyu mutangabuhamya n’Interahamwe557.

462. Ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza ntabwo byari bizitiye, kandi umuntu uri mu biro yashoboraga kubona ibibera hanze y’amazu yari agize ibiro bya komine. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye abagabye igitero n’Interahamwe bonyine kuri bariyeri. Ku biro kandi yahabonye abana bagera ku icumi bamubwiye ko ababyeyi babo biciwe ku mirenge yabo. Nta wundi muntu wari uhari558.

463. Nyuma yaho, Interahamwe zo muri Murambi n’abapolisi ba komine bavanye umugabo mu modoka kuri bariyeri. Uwo mugabo yasaga n’aho ari we utwaye iyo modoka, kandi 556 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 24 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34, 40-41, 49-50. 557 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34-35, 41. 558 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35-44. 167/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 250 Interahamwe zisa n’aho zimuzi. Uwo mugabo baje kumushyira Gatete amukubita imigeri ndetse amuvuna akaguru. Uwo mugabo yaguye hasi maze Gatete ategeka Interahamwe kumujyana « aho abandi bari ». Interahamwe zahise zimujyana. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyamenye uko byagendekeye uwo mugabo, ariko yabonye abantu bafite ibibando, imiheto n’imyambi. Imirambo y’abishwe yaje kujugunywa nyuma mu cyobo cyari hafi y’ibiro bya komine559.

464. Interahamwe zakomeje gushyira uyu mutangabuhamya ku nkeke ariko haza kuza umumajoro w’Umuhutu witwa Emmanuel Habyarimana wayoboraga ingabo mu gace k’Umutara, maze ashinja Gatete ubwicanyi. Habyarimana yabwiye Senkware ko Gatete ashaka kwica abantu muri Komine ya Kayonza, kandi ko bazatsindwa intambara. Gatete yashinje Habyarimana kuba icyitso. Ubwo, Habyarimana yategetse abasirikare gufata Interahamwe bakazohereza ku rugamba, Interahamwe zirahunga, maze Gatete na Senkware na bo baragenda560.

465. Nyuma yaho, Majoro Himbana yaje na kajugujugu yaguye inyuma y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Habyarimana yahaye uyu mutangabuhamya imodoka yari itwawe na Suliyetona « Pascal », kandi irimo abasirikare 20 bayicunga. Habyarimana yabwiye abo basirikare ko nihagira ufata uwo muryango kuri bariyeri bamurasaho. Bavuye ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza bageze kuri bariyeri yari irinzwe n’abasirikare. Abasirikare bari baherekeje uwo muryango bagerageje kumvikana n’abari kuri bariyeri, maze uyu mutangabuhamya yishyura amafaranga y’u Rwanda 20.000 kugira ngo umuryango we 559 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35, 36 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 37, 42-43. 560 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 38-39, 45-46. 166/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 251 wemererwe gutambuka. Ku itariki ya 29 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya ni bwo yambutse n’ubwato yinjira muri Tanzaniya561.

466. Mu mwaka wa 1999, ni bwo uyu mutangabuhamya yamenye ko wa mugabo wavanywe mu modoka kuri bariyeri yitwaga Gatare. Ibyo yabibwiwe n’umuhungu we, ndetse n’umwana wigaga muri Komine ya Murambi. Yaje no gusoma mu kinyamakuru ko Gatare yari icyitso, akaba kandi yari ahanganye na Gatete, ndetse atanavugaga rumwe n’abategetsi ba Komine ya Murambi562. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Djuma Habineza 467. Djuma Habineza ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umukanishi, atwara tagisi y’ipikipiki kandi acuruza lisansi. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabanaga n’umuryango we muri Segiteri ya Gakenke muri Komine ya Murambi. Yari azi se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVQ kubera ko yari atuye nko kuri kirometero imwe uvuye iwabo, bakaba kandi barasenganaga. Se wa BVQ yari Umuhutu w’umukungu wagenderaga mu modoka y’umweru yo mu bwoko bwa Datsun. Habineza yari azi kandi BVQ wari imfura y’iwabo, akaba yari umunyeshuri afite imyaka nka 15 cyangwa 16563. 561 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 46-47, 49-50. 562 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 43, 48. 563 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 64 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 64-65, 67-70. Habineza na we yavuze nyina wa BVQ. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 68. 165/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 252 468. Muri Mata 1994, Habineza yari azi Kamuzinzi wakoranaga na se wa BVQ akanaba umuturanyi we. Icyo gihe, Kamuzinzi yari atunze imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa Nissan Sunny. Habineza yari azi kandi Antoine Gatare kubera ko bacuruzanyaga lisansi564.

469. Ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yahungaga ari kumwe n’abandi bantu benshi ni bwo yabonye Gatare bwa nyuma, kuri bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza, hari hafi y’itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 nka saa tanu z’amanywa. Ubwo bageraga kuri bariyeri, abayicungaga bagenzuye indangamuntu zabo kugira ngo barebe ko nta Nkotanyi zibarimo. Nyuma y’iminota mike, imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa Datsun ya se wa BVQ yarahageze maze umupolisi wa Komine witwa « Déo » ayihagarika aho kuri bariyeri. Déo yavuze ko muri iyo modoka yari itwawe na « Muhamud » harimo Inyenzi. Gatare, Muhamud n’abana bato babiri bavanywe muri iyo modoka, BVQ akaba atari arimo565.

470. Hashize akanya gato, ubwo yari muri metero 20, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Déo arasa Gatare na Muhamud. Nyuma yaho, Déo yajyanye ba bana babiri aho ba bagabo babiri bari biciwe. Ubwo, uyu mutangabuhamya n’abo bari kumwe barababwiye ngo bagende. Uyu mutangabuhamya yanyuze kuri bariyeri yiruka maze abona Gatare bwa nyuma. Nta Gatete yabonye kuri bariyeri566.

471. Ku itariki ya 14 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye imodoka ya Kamuzinzi y’umweru yo mu bwoko bwa Nissan Sunny ku « Cyasemakamba » muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. 564 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 65 (avuga Gatare yamwise «Antoine Gatare, Marie Zacharias »), 70. 565 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 72 (umuntu yagombaga kunyura kuri bariyeri kugira ngo agere ku biro bya Komine ya Kayonza), 73-74, 78-79. Abahohotewe ntibabanje gukubitwa mbere yo kuraswa, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 80. 566 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, imp. 73, 75, 79. 164/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 253 Yari itwawe n’umusore wari kumwe n’Interahamwe. Mu bari bayirimo nta Gatete warimo567. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Assumani Ndayambaje 472. Assumani Ndayambaje ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 akaba yari atuye muri Segiteri ya Gakenke, muri Komine ya Murambi. Yaracuruzaga kandi ari n’umubwirizabutumwa mu idini ry’Abisilamu. Yari azi se w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVQ kubera ko bari abaturanyi, kandi Assumani Ndayambaje yamufataga nk’umuvandimwe. Se wa BVQ yari umukungu anatunze imodoka y’umweru yo mu bwoko bwa Nissan Sunny. Yari afite abana bane harimo na BVQ. Ubwo Assumani Ndayambaje yagarukaga iwabo avuye mu buhungiro muri Tanzaniya, yaturanye na se wa BVQ. Assumani Ndayambaje yari azi na Kamuzinzi, ariko ntiyamubonye muri Mata 1994568.

473. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, nka saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo, Assumani Ndayambaje yagiye iwabo wa BVQ. Agenda, yabonye Froduald ava mu rugo rw’iwabo wa BVQ. Assumani Ndayambaje agezeyo, se wa BVQ yamuvugishije ashavuye. Muri urwo rugo, Assumani Ndayambaje yahamaze hagati y’iminota 15 na 20, hanyuma asubira iwe. Ageze mu rugo yahasanze nyina wa BVQ ahihishe, akaba yarashakishwaga kubera ko yari Umututsikazi. Ahagana saa mbiri muri icyo gitondo, BVQ na we yageze mu rugo kwa Assumani Ndayambaje, ariko kubera « ibibazo » yagize yarahavuye ajya kwa Muhamud569. 567 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 75. 568 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 65 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5-7, 9-11, 15-16, 40. 569 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11-14, 42-43. 163/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 254 474. Uwo munsi ku mugoroba, ahagana saa moya cyangwa saa moya n’igice, Interahamwe zagabye igitero iwabo wa BVQ zije kuhasahura. Nyina wa BVQ yasabye Assumani Ndayambaje kujya mu Nterahamwe kugira ngo abone uko agaruza bimwe mu bintu byabo. Assumani Ndayambaje yabashije kugaruza televiziyo, igodoro, hamwe n’imyenda ya se wa BVQ. Interahamwe nta cyo zabajije Assumani Ndayambaje kuko zakekaga ko afatanyije na zo. Nyina wa BVQ yagumye mu rugo rwa Assumani Ndayambaje kugeza mu gitondo cyakurikiyeho. Ubwo, hari urugo rw’umucuruzi yagiye kubamo, agumayo kugeza ava mu Rwanda570.

475. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata, abasirikare bageze muri Segiteri ya Gakenke maze bagaba ibitero. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, Assumani Ndayambaje yavuye muri Segiteri ya Gakenke. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata, nka saa tanu z’amanywa, ni bwo yageze kuri bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Yahabonye Antoine-Marie Zacharias Gatare yari azi neza. Iyo bariyeri yari icunzwe n’Interahamwe, hamwe n’umupolisi witwa « Déo », n’umuburigadiye wa komine. Aho kuri bariyeri, uwo muburigadiye yagenzuye indangamuntu ya Assumani Ndayambaje hanyuma arayimusubiza, maze Assumani Ndayambaje aratambuka. Uyu mutangabuhamya yatekereje ko iyo bariyeri yari yashyizweho kugira ngo ifate abafatwaga nk’ibyitso n’Inyenzi571.

476. Nyuma yaho, imodoka ijya kuba umweru yo mu bwoko bwa Datsun ya se wa BVQ ariko yari itwawe na Muhamud Mugiraneza yageze aho kuri bariyeri. Hari harimo na Gatare n’abana babiri ba Muhamud bari bafite hagati y’imyaka ine n’irindwi. Ubwo Interahamwe zaravuze ziti « aba ni ba bandi turimo gushakisha », hanyuma abari mu 570 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11-15, 41-44. 571 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15-16, 29, 31. Gatare yari atuye muri Serire ya Akamasine, muri metero zigera kuri 700 uvuye kwa Assumani. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 15. 162/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 255 modoka zibavanamo ku ngufu. Aho ku muhanda Déo yabanje kurasa Gatare, hanyuma akurikizaho Muhamud. Ibyo biba, uyu mutangabuhamya yari nko kuri metero indwi cyangwa umunani uvuye aho barasiwe, no muri metero eshanu uvuye kuri bariyeri. Mbere y’uko uyu mutangabuhamya ahava yanabonye ba bana babiri babasohora mu modoka, ariko ntiyamenye uko byabagendekeye. Yibwiye ko na bo bishwe. Muhamud na Gatare bombi bari Abahutu, uyu mutangabuhamya akaba ataramenye impamvu bibasiwe572.

477. Assumani Ndayambaje abona ubwo bwicanyi yari mu mbaga y’abantu bagendaga mu muhanda babarirwa mu bihumbi, barimo abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara. Yari kumwe kandi na Marie-Rose na Djuma Habineza. Ntiyabonye Gatete kuri bariyeri. Iryo joro yaraye i Kayonza, nyuma ahunga yerekeza muri Tanzaniya573.

478. Mbere y’uko Assumani Ndayambaje ava mu Rwanda ku itariki ya 15 Nzeri 2006, ni bwo yabonye bwa nyuma BVQ. BVQ yamenye ibyabereye kuri bariyeri uwo munsi kubera ko yabyumvanye ababihagazeho batanze ubuhamya mu manza za Gacaca574. 8.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 479. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko hagati y’itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, Gatete yakubise Gatare umugeri wa karate bari iruhande rw’imva rusange hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza, nyuma uwo Gatare akicwa n’Interahamwe zibitegetswe na Gatete. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete, ba Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange na Célestin Senkware, hamwe n’abapolisi ba komine n’Interahamwe bakoze igikorwa cyo 572 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 16 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 17-18, 43. 573 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 18-20, 25-28, 30, 37, 43. 574 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, imp. 32-33. 161/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 256 kugenzura indangamuntu z’abagenzi ku muhanda ugana i Kibungo unyura muri Komine ya Kayonza. Kuri bariyeri imwe, Gatete, agatsiko k’Interahamwe n’abapolisi ba komine, barimo umwe witwa Déo, basohoye mu modoka ya Kamuzinzi umugabo w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIX wari Umututsi. Basohoyemo kandi na Kamuzinzi nyir’imodoka wari Umuhutu utari intagondwa, akaba yari no mu ishyaka ritavuga rumwe n’iryari ku butegetsi. Icyo gihe, Gatete yategetse abapolisi kurasa bakica umugabo wa AIX na Kamuzinzi, barabikora. Nyuma yaho, Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica abandi bantu bari muri iyo modoka ya Kamuzinzi na Mahmud arimo. Ako kanya Interahamwe zahise zica abo bantu, zitaretse na Mahmud maze Gatete yigarurira iyo modoka. Mu gushyigikira ibi, Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BVQ n’ubw’uwiswe BAY575.

480. Bushingiye ku buhamya bwa Assumani Ndayambaje n’ubwa Djuma Habineza, Ubwunganizi bwemera ko hari bariyeri ku muhanda uva kuri rompuwe yo kuri Komine ya Kayonza uzamuka ugana ku gasozi. Ubwunganizi bwemera kandi ko Gatare na Mahmud biciwe kuri iyo bariyeri, ariko bukavuga ko barashwe n’umupolisi wa komine 575 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 23A, 32, 35-36; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 48, 50, 108, 116, 232 (d), 232 (e), 390-392, 413-446, 464-491; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 63, 65-67. Urugereko rusanga abatangabuhamya badahuza mu myandikire y’izina « Mahmud ». Kubera ariko amakuru arambuye yatanzwe, Urugereko rusanga uwo abatangabuhamya bavuga ari umuntu umwe. Urugereko rurandika « Mahmud » rukurikije uko bimeze mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. Porokireri yemera ko atatanze ubuhamya buhagije bushyigikira ibivugwa ko Kamuzinzi ari mu biciwe kuri bariyeri. Byongeye kandi, nta bimenyetso byatanzwe ku birebana n’iyicwa ry’umugabo w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIX wari Umututsi. Reba Igice cya I.2.2. 160/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 257 witwa Déo. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Gatete atari kuri iyo bariyeri, ko kandi nta ruhare yagize muri ubwo bwicanyi576.

481. Ruhereye mbere na mbere ku bimenyetso bishinja, Urugereko rusanga mu rwego rwo kureba niba ubuhamya bwa BVQ n’ubwa BAY bushimangirana bihagije, byaba byiza kubugereranya bwombi. BVQ yavuze ko Gatare yishwe ahagana hagati ya saa ine na saa ine n’igice za mu gitondo, hashize iminsi ine cyangwa itanu nyuma y’itariki ya 7 Mata, ubwo bikaba byaba ku itariki ya 11 cyangwa iya 12 Mata 1994577. BAY we yavuze ko ibivugwa byabaye ku itariki ya 13 Mata hafi ya saa munani z’amanywa578. Urebye igihe gishize ibyo bibaye n’ibihe by’umuhangayiko byariho, ukunyuranya nk’uku hagati y’amasaha cyangwa amatariki si ikintu gikomeye.

482. Nyamara ariko, ahangaha, Urugereko rufite inkuru ebyiri zinyuranye bihagije no ku bindi bice by’ubuhamya ku buryo zisa n’aho ziterekeye icyabaye kimwe. BVQ yavuze ko Gatete yari mu bantu bari bacunze bariyeri ubwo Gatare na Mahmud hamwe n’abana ba Mahmud babiri bicwaga579. Ku rundi ruhande, BAY we yavuze ko Gatete yaje mu modoka y’umweru yo mu bwoko bwa « Audi 100 », akaba kandi yari ku rubaraza rw’ibiro bya komine ubwo Interahamwe n’abapolisi ba Komine bavanaga « umuntu » mu modoka kuri bariyeri580. BVQ yavuze ko umuntu uri ku muhanda yarebega aho Gatare 576 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 859-869, 901. 577 BVQ yavuze by’umwihariko ko yavuye mu rugo rw’umuturanyi we saa moya za mu gitondo, akagera kuri bariyeri ahagana saa ine cyangwa saa ine n’igice muri icyo gitondo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 66, 70, 73. 578 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34, 41. 579 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 44. 580 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34-35, 41. 159/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 258 hamwe na Mahmud n’abana be biciwe581. BAY yavuze ko umugabo umwe wasaga n’aho yari atwaye iyo modoka ari we wayivanywemo ariko ntavuga abandi bantu bari mu modoka. Ikindi kandi, BAY nta muntu yabonye yicwa, kandi nta n’ubwo yavuze ko hari amasasu yumvise, nk’uko BVQ yabivuze582.

483. Ku rundi ruhande, abatangabuhamya bombi bavuze ko umwe mu bahohotewe yari avunitse akaguru. BVQ yavuze ko Mahmud yari avunitse akaguru, kandi ko Gatare yakubiswe na Gatete583. BAY yavuze ko umugabo wasaga n’aho ari we wari utwaye imodoka yayisohowemo hanyuma Gatete akamukubita umugeri akamuvuna akaguru. Nyamara ariko, BAY, ashingiye ku makuru yaje kumva nyuma, yakomeje kwemeza ko umugabo yabonye ari Gatare584.

484. Iyo umuntu agereranyije ubuhamya bwa BVQ n’ubwa BAY, ikivamo ni urujijo kandi inkuru zabo ntizihura. Uko biri kose, Urugereko rurasuzuma ireme rya buri buhamya ukwabwo.

485. Ruhereye kuri BVQ, Urugereko rwemera ko muri Mata 1994 yashoboraga kumenya Uregwa. Hagati y’umwaka wa 1987 n’uwa 1989, Gatete yagendaga iwabo wa BVQ kubera ko se wa BVQ na Gatete bari inshuti585. Ababyeyi ba BVQ bari bahanganye na Gatete mu rwego rwa politiki586. Nyina wa BVQ ni Umututsikazi, akaba yari 581 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 49. 582 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35-36, 41-43. 583 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 44, 46-49, 57-58; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 6-7. 584 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35-37, 42-43, 48. 585 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 36-37, 67. BVQ kandi yari azi Gatete nka Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi. 586 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 57. 158/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 259 n’umuyoboke wa PL, naho se wa BVQ yari umuyoboke wa MDR587. Urugereko rusanga kuba abantu bo mu muryango wa BVQ bari muri ayo mashyaka bitamutera, byanze bikunze, kubogama588.

486. Nyamara ariko, Urugereko rusanga bigoye kumva ukuntu Interahamwe zashakishaga umuryango we zibitegetswe na Gatete nk’uko BVQ abivuga, hanyuma agahindukira muri icyo gihe akihisha mu rugo rw’umuturanyi wari umushumba w’amatungo y’iwabo rwari muri metero 20 gusa uvuye iwabo589. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko Interahamwe zitari gutekereza kumushakishiriza ahantu nk’aho hafi y’urugo rw’iwabo590. Urugereko rusanga iki gisobanuro kidahwitse. Uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko Interahamwe zashakishaga umuryango we by’umwihariko, kandi ko zari guhabwa igihembo kingana na miliyoni y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda iyo ziwubona591.

487. Na none kandi, Urugereko ntirwanyuzwe n’ibindi bikubiye mu buhamya bwa BVQ. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko yanyuze kuri bariyeri y’i Remera hashize gusa iminsi iri 587 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 57, 74-76. 588 Urugereko rusanga kandi ubwo BVQ yatangaga ubuhamya mu Rukiko yari afungiye mu Rwanda ashinjwa gukoresha impapuro z’impimbano zirebana n’imodoka, no kuba ataritabye urukiko. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 54-55, 60-63. BVQ yabanje gufatwa mu wa 2003, hanyuma arekurwa by’agategenyo mu wa 2004. Yongeye gufatwa ku itariki ya 17 Mata 2009, akaba afunze guhera icyo gihe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

63. Icyaha afungiwe ntaho gihuriye n’ibyo Uregwa ashinjwa muri uru rubanza, kandi Urugereko rusanga kuba umutangabuhamya afunze bitavuga ko atakwizerwa muri uru rubanza. Nyamara ariko, kuba umutangabuhamya yarahamagajwe n’urukiko ntiyitabe bitera Urugereko impungenge. N’ubwo yasobanuye ko yari arwaye, haracyari ibibazo ku mimerere ye. 589 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 37- 40, 44, 66-70. 590 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 69. 591 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 39; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 2-3. 157/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 260 hagati ya 10 na 15 anyuze kuri bariyeri y’i Kayonza. Avuga kandi ko yari kuri metero enye gusa uvuye aho Gatete yari ubwo uyu yatangaga amategeko yo gutangira abasore bose n’abantu bakuze, ariko we ntibamubone. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko atatangiriwe kubera ko yari akiri umwana, akaba kandi yarahishe mu maso he akoresheje umusambi592. Urugereko ntirunyuzwe n’iki gisobanuro kubera ko, nk’uko uyu mutangabuhamya ubwe yabyivugiye, yari afite imyaka 18 icyo gihe kandi Gatete yari yatanze amabwiriza yihariye yo gutangira abasore bose.

488. Byongeye kandi, ubuhamya bwa BVQ burimo uguhuzagurika, cyane cyane ku birebana n’abari mu modoka yarimo n’uko byabagendekeye. Yabanje kuvuga ko muri iyo modoka harimo Mahmud n’abana be babiri, Gatare, umuhungu wa Kamuzinzi witwa Jaji, na Mushaka wari umukozi wo mu rugo rw’iwabo wa BVQ. Ubwo rero, ukurikije inkuru ye, mu modoka harimo abantu barindwi ushyizemo na BVQ593. Yaje kongeraho ko abana batanu barokotse ubwo bwicanyi ariko ko abana ba Mahmud bombi bishwe, ibyo bikaba bivuga ko hari abantu icyenda mu modoka (abana batanu barokotse, abana babiri bapfuye, Gatare na Mahmud) aho kuba barindwi nk’uko yari yabivuze mbere594. Nyuma, uyu mutangabuhamya yaje kuvuga ko mu modoka harimo abantu umunani kandi ko muri bo bane ari bo barokotse595. Ubwo yabazwaga ibibazo binyomoza yaje kongera 592 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 52 («Nari nikoreye umusambi unkingirije mu maso ... Narabutswe Gatete ubwo nanyuraga kuri bariyeri… Gatete yarimo abwira abari bacunze bariyeri ngo babuze buri muntu wese mukuru na buri musore kurenga kuri iyo bariyeri… »), 53 (« Nta kibazo cyo kunyura kuri bariyeri nagize. Nari kumwe na wa muturanyi, nk’umwana uherekeje se; murumva ko batari kwibasira abana bato… Ni bwo nari nkigeza ku myaka 18 »); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 78-79; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5-6. 593 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 47. 594 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 47. 595 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 4. 156/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 261 kwivuguruza aho yavuze ko abana bari mu modoka bose hamwe bari bane kandi ko bakomokaga mu muryango we, ko abatakomokaga mu muryango we bari gusa « umuntu umwe wishwe hamwe n’umukozi wo mu rugo iwabo» 596. Nyamara na none, nyuma yaje kuvuga ko mu modoka harimo abantu bakuru babiri, n’abana batandatu muri bo babiri bakaba barapfuye naho bane, barimo n’umukozi wo mu rugo iwabo bakaba bararokotse597.

489. Byongeye kandi, mu gisobanuro cye cyerekeye uburyo yakijijwe n’umuturanyi we w’Umuhutu, ntaho avuga abandi bantu bari mu modoka na bo barokotse. Ahubwo, yavuze ukuntu we n’umuturanyi we w’Umuhutu bashoboye kuva kuri bariyeri yo hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza bakagenda n’amaguru kugera i Remera. Ubwo mu ibazwa rinyomoza yari abajijwe uko byagendekeye wa mukozi w’iwabo mu rugo na murumuna we wari ufite amezi abiri, ni bwo yongeyeho ko na bo babakurikiye muri Tanzaniya598. Ku birebana n’uko byagendekeye umuhungu wa Kamuzinzi witwa Jaji, nta yandi makuru arambuye kurushaho yasabwe gutanga kandi na we nta yo yatanze abyibwirije.

490. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BVQ buhuzagurika kandi atari ubwo kwemerwa. Bityo rero, ntibuhagije ku buryo Urugereko rwabushingiraho ngo rufate umwanzuro udashidikanywaho, kandi ntirushobora kubwemera mu gihe budafite ubundi bubushyigikira ku buryo bukwiye. 596 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 7. 597 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 8. 598 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 76. 155/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 262 491. Ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BAY, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko muri Mata 1994 yashoboraga kumenya Gatete. Bombi bari baziranye kubera akazi no kubera ko Gatete yari yarigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi599.

492. Nyamara ariko, ku birebana n’ireme ry’ubuhamya bwa BAY, Urugereko rusanga bufite agaciro kagerwa ku mashyi. Inkuru ye y’ibyo yahagazeho yerekeye uburyo yabonye Interahamwe n’abapolisi ba komine basohora umugabo mu modoka kuri bariyeri, ntigaragaza ko uwo mugabo agomba kuba yari Gatare cyangwa Mahmud, cyangwa se ko uwo mugabo wasohowe mu modoka ye yaje kwicwa. Koko rero, uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko « icyo gihe atabyitayeho »600. Icyo gihe ntiyamenye uwo mugabo uwo ari we kandi ntiyamenye uko byaje kumugendekera Gatete amaze kumukubita umugeri maze Interahamwe zikamutwara. Ikindi kandi, nta muntu yabonye yicwa ndetse nta n’amasasu yumvise. Bityo rero, ubuhamya bwe ku byo avuga yahagazeho ntibutuma umuntu yakwemeza niba umugabo watwawe n’Interahamwe ari Gatare, Mahmud, cyangwa undi muntu. Ubwo buhamya kandi ntabwo bugaragaza ko uwo mugabo yaje kwicwa.

493. By’umwihariko, ubuhamya bwa BAY bwerekeye umwirondoro w’uwahohotewe burimo urujijo. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabanje kuvuga ko yaketse ko uwahohotewe yari umushoferi w’iyo modoka. Nyamara, BVQ yavuze ko uwari utwaye iyo modoka yari Mahmud. BAY yakomeje avuga ko mu wa 1999 ari bwo yamenye ko Gatare ari we wiciwe kuri bariyeri. Ayo makuru yayakomoye ku muhungu we, ku mwana wigaga muri 599 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 33-34, 40-41. BAY yanamenye Uregwa mu cyumba cy’iburanisha, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 34. 600 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 35. 154/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 263 Komine ya Murambi no mu nyandiko imwe yasomye mu kinyamakuru601. Ahereye kuri ibyo, yabonye ko wa mugabo bashyiriye Gatete yari Gatare.

494. Byongeye kandi, BAY yeretswe inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya yatanze muri Gicurasi 2004 bwuzuzaga ubwo yahaye abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Nzeri 1998602. 601 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35, 43 (« Ikibazo: Wowe mutangabuhamya, wavuze ko Gatete yakubise umuntu umugeri, ni byo? Igisubizo: Ni byo nabivuze. Ikibazo : Jyewe sinumva neza uwo muntu uwo ari we. Wamutubwira? Igisubizo: Natekereje ko yari umushoferi. Ndakeka ariko ko nababwiye ko umuhungu wanjye wari uvuye mu ngabo yambwiye ko ari Bwana Lambert Gatare. Ibyo ariko nabimenye nyuma mu wa 1999, naramaze gutanga ubu buhamya bwanditse. Ikibazo: None se mutangabuhamya, wabwira uru Rugereko uwo muntu uwo yari we? Yari umushoferi cyangwa se yari undi muntu wise Gatare? Igisubizo: Icyo gihe naketse ko ari umushoferi, ariko mu by’ukuri yari Gatare wari ufitanye ikibazo na Gatete. Ibyo nabimenye nyuma nsomye inkuru mu kinyamakuru yitwa « Ukuri kwa Murambi »; iyo nyandiko rero ni yo navanyemo amakuru yerekeye uwo muntu. Ikibazo: Ubwo rero, mutangabuhamya, uravuga ko wabonye Gatete akubita umuntu umugeri icyo gihe, ariko ko utamenye uwo muntu uwo ari we. Ubwo ni bwo buhamya bwawe? Igisubizo: Sinari nzi uwo muntu, ariko umwana wigaga muri Murambi yari amuzi, ariko uwo mwana ntiyabimbwiye uwo munsi, yabimbwiye nyuma cyane. Ikibazo: None rero, ubuhamya utanga uyu munsi hejuru y’indahiro ni uko izina ry’uwo muntu ari

Gatare, ibyo ukaba ubivuga kubera ko wabisomye mu kinyamakuru. Ubwo ni bwo buhamya bwawe? Igisubizo: Nababwiye mbere ko nabibwiwe n’umwana, ariko ko naje no gusoma iyo nkuru mu kinyamakuru ishimangira ayo makuru. Iyo nkuru yavugaga ko hari ibyitso byarwanyaga abategetsi bo muri Murambi, ikanavuga amazina arimo n’iry’uwo muntu. Ikibazo: None se mutangabuhamya, uvuga kandi ko utazi uko byagendekeye uwo muntu wakubiswe umugeri, ni byo? Igisubizo: Yego, kandi hari impamvu. Hirya no hino hari abagabye igitero kandi bagombaga kwica abantu. Urumva ko nari nahahamutse kubera ibyo nabonaga. Sinakurikiye kugira ngo menye uko byagendekeye uwo muntu. Ikibazo: Uremeranya na njye se ko mu nyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwa mbere wahaye abakzi bo mu Biro bya Porokireri wababwiye uko byagendekeye uwo muntu wakubiswe umugeri …? Igisubizo: Ndabyibuka. Ndabyibuka rwose. Ikibazo: None ubu uravuga ko udashobora kubyibuka, ni byo? Igisubizo: Ndibuka ko Gatete yakubise uwo muntu umugeri, ariko sinzi uko byaje kugendekera uwo muntu nyuma …. Icyo nzi ni uko abagabye igitero bamufashe bakamujyana ahantu»). 602 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 34 (inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bwo ku itariki ya 10 Nzeri 1998) na 35 (inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bw’inyongera bwo ku itariki ya 5 Gicurasi 2004). 153/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 264 By’umwihariko, ubuhamya bw’inyongera bwo muri Gicurasi 2004 bwari bugamije kuzuza cyangwa gukosora ubwabubanjirije, bwavugaga ko umugabo wakubiswe umugeri na Gatete yari « murumuna wa Nyagatare witwa Mbuguje, akaba kandi yari nyir’imodoka aho kuba umushoferi wayo »603. Biragaragara ko ubuhamya bwanditse bw’inyongera bwavugaga ko Mbuguje ari we wakubiswe umugeri. Mu ibazwa rinyomoza, uyu mutangabuhamya yahakanye ko Nyagatare ari we byabayeho, avuga ahubwo ko yumvanye abandi bantu nyuma ko yari Gatare604. Urugereko rusanga inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bw’inyongera iteza urujijo kurushaho kandi ituma n’ubuhamya bwa BAY bushingiye ku nkuru mbarirano ivuga ko uwo mugabo yari Gatare bushidikanywaho.

495. Muri make, n’ubwo bishoboka ko umugabo BAY yabonye akubitwa na Gatete akaza gutwarwa n’Interahamwe yari Mahmud cyangwa Gatare, uyu si wo mwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro umuntu yafata ashingiye kuri ubu buhamya. BAY kandi nta makuru ahagije yatanze agaragaza nta gushidikanya impamvu uwo mugabo yakubiswe, cyangwa uko byamugendekeye nyuma. Kubera ibyo, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BAY bufite agaciro kagerwa ku mashyi, kandi iyo busuzumiwe hamwe n’ubwa BVQ usanga butabushyigikira ku buryo bukwiye.

496. Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ibimenyetso bishinjura, rukaba rushidikanya kuri bimwe bivugwa na Assumani Ndayambaje mu buhamya bwe, by’umwihariko aho avuga ko yafashije Interahamwe gusahura urugo rw’iwabo wa BVQ kugira ngo abone uko agaruriza nyina wa BVQ bimwe mu bintu byari byasahuwe. Nyamara ariko, mu gusoza, 603 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 35 (inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya bw’inyongera bwo ku itariki ya 5 Gicurasi 2004), urup. 3. 604 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 13 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 48. 152/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 265 Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso bishinja bidahagije ku buryo byashingirwaho mu gufata umwanzuro udashidikanywaho.

497. Bityo rero, ibimenyetso byatanzwe ntibyerekana ko hafi y’itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, Gatete yatanze amabwiriza yo kwica Gatare, Mahmud, cyangwa abandi bantu bari mu modoka yari itwawe na Mahmud yari yahagaritswe kuri bariyeri yari hafi y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza. Kubera ibyo, Urugereko rusanga atari ngombwa gusuzuma ingingo z’Ubwunganizi bwinubira ko butamenyeshejwe ibirebana n’icyo kirego mu buryo bukwiye605.

9. IKIGO CYA CERAI, GUHERA HAGATI MU KWEZI KWA MATA 1994

KUGERA MU MPERA ZAKO 9.1 Intangiriro 498. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko kuva hagati mu kwezi kwa Mata 1994 kugera mu mpera z’uko kwezi, rimwe Gatete yigeze kuza i Rulenge muri Komine ya Rukira ari hamwe n’abandi bantu mu modoka zishoreranye barimo abapolisi ba Komine ya Murambi bitwaje intwaro, imitwe y’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare, Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kabarondo n’uwa Komini ya Kigarama. Gatete yanenze cyane mu ruhame abaturage bo muri ako gace avuga ko batishe Abatutsi. Byongeye kandi, yategetse Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi b’i Rukira, harimo n’abagore n’abana. Bukeye mu gitondo, izo Interahamwe, zarimo Emmanuel Rukiramakuba, Ephraim, Fabien na Rwabirekezi, zashenye amazu y’Abatutsi, zisambanya kandi zica abasiviri b’Abatutsi i Rukira. Nk’urugero, Gatete yategetse Fabien kwica Umugandekazi wafatwaga 605 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 859-869, 901. 151/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 266 nk’Umututsikazi. Hishwe kandi Védaste Kalisa, Ferdinand Sanane n’umugore we, umukobwa wa Binego witwaga Nzoyori. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBQ n’ubw’uwiswe AIV606.

499. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Gatete atigeze atanga amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rulenge nk’uko bivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. Buvuga ko n’ubwo Gatete yagiye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge muri Mata 1994, we n’umuryango we baraye ijoro rimwe gusa mu rugo rw’umubwirizabutumwa w’umuporoso, bucya mu gitondo bahungana n’izindi mpunzi zari zavuye muri Komine ya Murambi. Mu gushyigikira ibyo, Ubwunganizi bwifashisha ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA127 n’ubw’uwiswe LA128, ubwa Joseph Karushya n’ubwa Sareh Majoro607. 9.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBQ 500. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBQ ni Umututsi, mu wa 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, Komine ya Rukira. Ubwo yari yihishe mu ikawa no mu rutoki byari hafi y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rulenge hashize iminsi nk’icyenda cyangwa icumi Perezida apfuye, mu masaa ine z’ijoro, BBQ yabonye Gatete azana n’imodoka eshatu zishoreranye zitwaye abantu bari hagati ya 60 na 70 barimo Interahamwe n’abapolisi ba 606 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 25, 32, 35; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 51-57, 75 (viii), 82, 108, 117, 229 (f), 230 (f), 231 (f), 519-564; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 5, 13. Rimwe na rimwe, hari ubwo mu kwandika Segiteri ya Rulenge handikwa « Rurenge ». Muri iyi nyandiko y’urubanza, Urugereko rwakoresheje imyandikire ikunze gukoreshwa cyane ari yo «Rulenge ». 607 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 82, 84, 903-977, 982-988, 997, 1111-1113, 1202; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 39, 58-59. 150/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 267 komine, bamwe bitwaje imbunda, ibibando, imipanga n’amacumu. Imwe mu modoka yari itwaye kandi impunzi608.

501. Imodoka zahagaze nko kuri metero enye uvuye aho uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe. Gatete na bamwe mu bari kumwe na we bavuye mu modoka maze berekeza mu murima Interahamwe zari zateraniyemo zicanye umuriro. Gatete yazibwiye ko ari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, maze Interahamwe zimubwira ko Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira yari « Moise » ariko ko atakiriho. Ubwo, Gatete bamweretse burugumesitiri mushya maze bararamukanya n’ubwuzu bwinshi. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaje kuvuga nyuma yaho ko mu by’ukuri uwo Gatete yahuye na we icyo gihe ari Moise Niyonshuti, wari warigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira609.

502. Kubera ko Niyonshuti yari Diregiteri w’ikigo cy’amashuri ya CERAI, Gatete yamusabye ko amucumbikira muri icyo kigo hamwe n’abamuherekeje. Bombi bagiye n’amaguru berekeza kuri icyo kigo cyari nko muri metero ziri hagati ya 15 na 20 uvuye ku biro bya segiteri, ariko bamwe mu bo bari kumwe bagiyeyo mu modoka. Uyu mutangabuhamya yarabakurikiye yihisha inyuma y’uruzitiro rwari ruzengurutse ishuri rugizwe n’ibiti bitagejeje kuri metero ebyiri z’uburebure. Bagezeyo, Gatete yabwiye Niyonshuti ko abaturage bo muri ako gace « nta cyo bakoze », ko « hakiri Abatutsi benshi muri ako 608 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya na Porokireri No 16 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 12, 15-17, 26, 64-67, 70. Bamwe muri bo bari bambaye iniforume y’abapolisi, maze BBQ yibwira ko ari Interahamwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

17. Hari hashize « icyumweru n’iminsi ibiri cyangwa itatu » Perezida apfuye. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 64. 609 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 11-14, 16-18, 61, 65, 68-70. 149/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 268 gace ». Ubwo Gatete yasabye Niyonshuti guhamagara Interahamwe kugira ngo zimwereke ingo z’Abatutsi bo muri ako gace bari bataricwa610.

503. Bukeye mu gitondo, ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe mu rutoki rwegereye ikigo cy’amashuri cya CERAI, yabonye Gatete aza maze Interahamwe nyinshi ziramusanga. Zishe Kalisa, umugore we n’umwana wabo witwaga Bizimana zibasanze mu rugo. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyashoboraga kuguma aho yari yihishe kubera ko hari ku manywa abantu bashobora kumubona bitabagoye. Yavuye aho rero mbere y’uko « ubwicanyi burangira », akaba akeka ko hari abandi bantu bishwe amaze kugenda. Mu Nterahamwe zari muri icyo gitero harimo Emmanuel Rukiramakuba, Hategeka na Ngabonzima, ariko uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyabonye abishe abantu. Bumaze kwira, uyu mutangabuhamya yakomeje kugendagenda mu mvura, ntiyasinziriye. Yavuze kandi ko yaraye mu gashyamba kari hafi y’ikigo cya CERAI611.

504. Ubwicanyi bwakorewe no ku kigo cya CERAI. Gatete yategetse abari bamuherekeje kugenzura niba nta Batutsi bari aho ku kigo, maze bica abasore bavugaga ko ari Abatutsi, hamwe n’umugore wavugaga « ikigande » na we bamwita Umututsikazi. Abo bantu bicishijwe udufuni, ibibando, n’imipanga. Gatete yari mu bagabye igitero aho kuri CERAI. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyabonye imirambo y’abiciwe kuri CERAI kubera ko yari hanze y’ikigo, ariko bukeye bwaho mu gitondo yabonye bayijyana kwa Bizimana. 610 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 13, 14 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 15, 17-18, 70, 74. 611 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-19 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 20, 70, 74, 91-92. BBQ yabanje kuvuga ko yari muri metero ziri hagati ya 10 na 20 (inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 19), ariko nyuma avuga ko atari hafi y’ingo zabo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 19-20. Nyuma, BBQ yavuze ko Interahamwe zari muri icyo gitero ari Emmanuel Rukiramakuba, Celestin Habarurema na Yabikeyrezi Ntabubeza. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 70. 148/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 269 Umurambo w’uwo Mugandekazi wagumye mu kigo cya CERAI uza gushyingurwa nyuma612.

505. Hashize iminsi mike, Interahamwe zo muri ako gace zarahunze kubera ko amasasu yavuze, abantu bakavuga ko ari ay’ingabo za FPR. Interahamwe zavuganye na Gatete maze zimusaba ko yaziha imbunda kugira ngo zihangane n’Inkotanyi, ariko Gatete yaranze, azibwira ko « ibyo guhangana n’Inkotanyi azi neza icyo ari cyo », maze bajya mu modoka ye berekeza iya Tanzaniya banyuze ku mupaka wa Rusumo. Mbere y’uko Interahamwe zifata umuhanda werekeza ku Rusumo zihungiye mu mahanga, izari zigize « agatsiko » ka Gatete zafatanyije n’izo muri ako gace maze zigaba ibitero. Zahunze zikoresheje amamodoka n’amapikipiki zari zarasahuye. Uyu mutangabuhamya yaje guhatirwa kujya mu bitero613. Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe AIV 506. Umutangabuhamya wiswe AIV ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 yari umuhinzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, muri Komine ya Rukira. Rimwe ninjoro mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye Gatete ku kigo cya

CERAI cy’imyuga n’ubukorikori, ari cyo yaje kwita ikigo cy’amashuri cya CERAI. Uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise urusaku rw’imodoka ziza maze yibwira ko ari Inkotanyi614.

507. Bukeye ahagana saa moya za mu gitondo, uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise abantu bavuga ko ku kigo cy’amashuri cya CERAI hari imodoka nyinshi zihahagaze, ko kandi 612 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18, 21 («Niboneye n’amaso yanjye ubwicanyi bwakorewe ku kigo cya CERAI »), 75. 613 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22, 44, 46, 62, 75-76. 614 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 17 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-4. 147/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 270 hateraniye abantu benshi. Kubera amatsiko, yagiye kuri icyo kigo, ahageze abona abaturage bo muri ako gace bateraniye ku muhanda ujya ku Rusumo. Interahamwe na zo zari ziteraniye inyuma y’uruzitiro ruzengurutse ikigo, naho abapolisi bafite intwaro bahagaze imbere y’irembo ry’ikigo615.

508. Umugabo umwe wari mu mbaga y’abantu bari ku muhanda yabajije undi wari uhagaze hafi y’abapolisi impamvu we n’abandi bari aho, maze amusubiza ko ari impunzi zo muri Perefegitura ya Byumba, kandi ko bari kumwe na Gatete. Nyuma, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye umugabo ufite « umusatsi mwinshi n’ubwanwa » afungura umuryango w’imodoka y’umweru, arebamo imbere, maze arongera arawufunga. Uwo mugabo yagiye yegera ya mbaga y’abantu bari ku muhanda, maze uyu mutangabuhamya yumva umuntu aravuze ati « uriya ni Gatete ». Ubwo uwo bitaga Gatete wari nko muri metero eshanu uvuye aho uyu mutangabuhamya yari ari, yaravuze ati « ino Abatutsi ntibapfuye ». Umukuru w’Interahamwe ari we Emmanuel Rukiramakuba, n’indi Nterahamwe yitwa Faustin Swangaziza baramusubije bati « twarishe ariko twasize abagore n’abakobwa ». Ubwo Gatete yaravuze ati « Nta cyo mwakoze. Inkotanyi ziri hafi. Ngiye kubatiza Interahamwe zanjye z’i Byumba, zibafashe gukora isuku…. Mugomba kwica Abatutsi bose mudasize n’uruhinja ruri mu nda». Yongeyeho ko na we yishe umugore we w’Umututsikazi, kandi ko n’Abahutu bashatse Abatutsikazi bagomba 615 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 4, 7, 10. Umutangabuhamya AIV yabanje kuvuga ko rwari uruzitiro, hanyuma aza gusobanura ko rwari « uruzitiro rw’amasadara yari ahateye », kandi ko rwamusumbagaho hafi metero imwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 6. 146/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 271 kwicwa. Gatete yari kumwe na Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kigarama n’uwa Komine ya Kabarondo, ariko bo nta cyo bavuze616.

509. Nyuma y’ijambo rya Gatete, abantu bose « abicanyi bari bararetse baratsembwe ». Kubera ko mu muryango w’uyu mutangabuhamya harimo Abatutsi, yasubiye mu rugo agumayo. Bukeye bwaho mu gitondo, yarasohotse ahura n’umugore wamubwiye ko ubwicanyi bwasakaye muri Serire ya Ruvuzi yose. Bamwe mu baturanyi be na muramu we w’igitsina gore barishwe. Ibitero byagabwe mu maserire umunani yari agize Segiteri ya Rulenge kandi byabaga biyobowe n’Interahamwe zo muri ako gace, zahaga raporo Moise Niyonshuti wari warigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira617.

510. Hari abandi bantu bo mu muryango w’uyu mutangabuhamya bishwe muri Mata 1994. Umwe mu bantu bo mu muryango w’umugore we yishwe mu gitero cyagabwe n’Intera- hamwe zo muri Segiteri ya Rulenge zifatanyije n’Interahamwe za Gatete. Gatete yamaze muri ako gace iminsi igera kuri ine618. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA127 511. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA27 ni Umuhutu, mu wa 1994 yari umwarimu, atuye muri Segiteri ya Mubabago, muri Komine ya Rukira. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata, ikigo cy’amashuri cya CERAI cyari gifunze kubera ibiruhuko bya Pasika, kikaba cyari kirinzwe n’umuzamu witwa Sylvain Murwanashyaka. Icyo kigo cyari kigizwe n’inzu eshatu kandi cyari 616 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 8 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 9 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 10-11. 617 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 9, 10 (ni ho havuye ibyasubiwemo), 26-27, 42-45. 618 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 11-12, 35, 42-43. Guhera ku itariki ya 20 Mata, hari abantu benshi bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bari mu nzira berekeza ku Rusumo, bahunga FPR yari hafi aho. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 27. 145/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 272 kizengurutswe n’uruzitiro hamwe n’ibiti by’amasadara byari byegeranye bifite uburebure burenga metero ebyiri. Hirya y’uruzitiro hari amazu n’urutoki, naho imbere y’icyo kigo cya CERAI hari ikigo cy’amashuri abanza. Iyo umuntu yabaga ari imbere mu kigo cya CERAI ntibyashobokaga kubona ibibera hanze619.

512. Nyuma y’itariki ya 7 Mata, uyu mutangabuhamya yamenye ko icyumba cya CERAI kigishirizwamo ubudozi cyajagajazwe maze imashini zo kudoda zarimo zikibwa. Donat Ruhigira wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira na we yasuye uyu mutangabuhamya amubwira ko yemereye abantu bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara kuba muri icyo kigo cy’amashuri. Nka nyuma y’icyumweru kimwe, umutekano wari waragarutse muri Komine ya Rukira. Nyuma y’icyo gihe, Interahamwe zo muri Komine ya Birenga byahanaga imbibi zaje zitwaje intwaro maze zigaba ibitero byatumye abantu benshi barimo n’uyu mutangabuhamya bahunga. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye muri Komine ya Rukira ku itariki ya 12 Mata620. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Joseph Karushya 513. Joseph Karushya ni Umuhutu, mu mwaka wa 1994 akaba yari umucuruzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, muri Komine ya Rukira. Iduka rye ryari ku ntera igera nko kuri 619 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 96 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5-11, 18, 22-23; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 98 (igishushanyo kigaragaza ikigo cya CERAI). Uruzitiro rwari rufite uburebure bugera nko kuri metero ebyiri na santimetero 20. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, urup.

10. Moise Niyonshuti yabaye Diregiteri w’ikigo wungirije kuva yava ku mwanya wa Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira. Mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 1993 yari akiri kuri uwo mwanya wa Diregiteri wungirije. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, imp. 20-21. 620 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15, 17-19, 21-22. Abantu bake ni bo bari bafite imfunguzo z’ikigo cya CERAI n’iz’ibyumba by’amashuri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-16, 19-20; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 99 (urutonde rw’amazina). 144/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 273 metero 150 uvuye ku kigo cya CERAI, naho urugo rwe rwari ku ntera igera nko kuri kilometero imwe621.

514. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata ni bwo ibikorwa by’urugomo byatangiye mu gace yarimo. Umupolisi wa komine witwa Saïd Munyehirwe n’umusirikare witwa François Bizimana baje bari kumwe n’umukuru w’Interahamwe witwa Emmanuel Rukiramakuba hamwe na Festo Ngabonziza bavuga ko bavuye mu nama yari yakoreshejwe na Koloneli Rwagafirita Cyasa ku biro bya Perefegitura ya Kibungo. Muri iyo nama bari bababwiye ko indege ya Perezida yahanutse kandi ko Abatutsi ari bo nyirabayazana y’uko guhanuka, bakaba bagomba kwicwa. Nyuma yaho, Munyehirwe yishe Umututsi witwaga François Nizeyimana wari umushoferi w’uyu mutangabuhamya, amutemye n’umupanga622.

515. Nyuma y’uwo munsi, abasirikare bategetse Konseye Ngabonzima kubwira abaturage ko bafunga amazu yabo bakajya mu bitero. Munyehirwe yahatiye uyu mutangabuhamya gufatanya n’abandi gusahura inzu y’Umututsi bari baturanye, ariko uyu mutangabuhamya nta kindi gitero yagiyemo. Abatutsi bamwe bahungiye ku biro bya komine, abandi bahungira mu baturanyi, naho abandi bahungira muri Tanzaniya. Nta Mututsi wahungiye ku kigo cya CERAI kubera ko bahungiraga ahari abategetsi, kandi hakaba nta mutegetsi wari kuri icyo kigo. Igitero cyagabwe na Munyehirwe ku itariki ya 9 Mata cyahitanye abitwa Saanane na Kalisa623. 621 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 103 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 3-5, 7-10; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 104 (igishushanyo kigaragaza agace ikigo cya CERAI cyarimo). Segiteri ya Rulenge nta biro yari ifite. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, urup. 5. 622 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11-14, 32-33. 623 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 14-15. 143/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 274 516. Ku itariki ya 19 Mata saa moya n’igice z’ijoro, Gatete yaje kugura Fanta ku iduka ry’uyu mutangabuhamya ari mu modoka y’umweru, aherekejwe n’abagore babiri n’abana babiri. Baje baturuka mu cyerekezo cy’ibiro bya Komine ya Rukira, hanyuma bahagarara ku isoko. Bahavuye hafi ya saa mbiri cyangwa saa mbiri n’igice z’ijoro, banyura kuri bariyeri yari haruguru gato ku muhanda berekeza iya Rusumo. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyongeye kubona Gatete624.

517. Saa tatu z’ijoro ni bwo umuzamu w’uyu mutangabuhamya yaje maze amubwira ko Gatete yamubajije niba ashobora kumucumbikira, ariko inzu y’uwo muzamu ntiyari nini bihagije. Ahubwo, uyu muzamu yajyanye Gatete mu rugo rw’umubwirizabutumwa w’umuporoso witwaga Kamabinga kugira ngo abe ariho arara. Gatete yavuye muri ako gace bukeye ku itariki ya 20 Mata. Uwo munsi ni bwo Inkotanyi zahageze maze zifata ibiro bya Komine ya Rusumo. Abaturage batangiye guhunga hagati y’itariki ya 18 n’iya 28 Mata. Uyu mutangabuhamya na we yahungiye i Burundi ku itariki ya 28 Mata, hanyuma ajya muri Tanzaniya625. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura witwa Sareh Majoro 518. Mu mwaka wa 1994, Sareh Majoro yari umufundi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, muri Komine ya Rukira. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata ni bwo ibikorwa by’urugomo byatangiye mu gace yari atuyemo. Umugabo witwa Sanane ni we wa mbere wahitanywe na byo. Uwo munsi, umusirikare witwa Bateta yategetse uyu mutangabuhamya gucunga bariyeri yari kuri Santere ya Rubuye. Yanahawe amabwiriza na Saïdi Munyehirwe wari umupolisi wa komine, ko buri modoka igomba kwishyura amafaranga y’u Rwanda 10.000 mbere yo 624 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15-21, 28-29, 31-32, 36; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 104 (igishushanyo kigaragaza agace ikigo cya CERAI cyarimo). 625 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 15-16, 22-25, 30-31, 37. 142/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 275 kunyura kuri bariyeri. Munyehirwe ni we wagenzuraga ibibera kuri bariyeri. Ibitero byagabwe mu gace uyu mutangabuhamya yari atuyemo byayoborwaga na Munyehirwe na Bateta626.

519. Ku itariki ya 19 Mata, hafi ya saa moya z’ijoro, Gatete yageze kuri bariyeri uyu mutangabuhamya yacungaga ari mu ivatiri y’umweru, ari kumwe n’abagore babiri n’abana babiri. Gatete yabibwiye avuga ko yigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, akaba yarimo ahunga. Uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyari yarigeze amubona mbere. Uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bari kuri bariyeri basabye Gatete kwishyura amafaranga y’u Rwanda 10.000. Gatete yabanje kubyanga, hanyuma aza kwemera kwishyura 5.000 abizeza ko azishyura asigaye bukeye bwaho. Ubwo yahagaritse imodoka ye hafi y’amaduka, maze ajyana na ba bagore babiri n’abana gushaka Fanta627.

520. Uwo mugoroba hafi ya saa moya, uyu mutangabuhamya n’abandi bantu babiri batangiye irondo ryabo rya nijoro. Babonye imodoka ya Gatete ihagaze ku rugo rw’umubwirizabutumwa w’umuporoso witwa Kamabinga, noneho binjiye mu rugo basanga ariho Gatete ari. Bamwatse amafaranga yari yasigaye yari yabijeje, ababwira ko bazagaruka bukeye, ariko basubiyeyo saa kumi n’ebyiri za mu gitondo basanga yamaze kuhava. Uyu mutangabuhamya yahunze ku itariki ya 25 Mata628. 626 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi N° 101 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 24 Werurwe 2010, imp. 6, 9, 11, 18-21. 627 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 24 Werurwe 2010, imp. 11-14, 26-27. 628 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 24 Werurwe 2010, imp. 9, 12, 14-18. 141/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 276 Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA128 521. Mu mwaka wa 1994, umutangabuhamya wiswe LA128 yari umuhinzi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, muri Komine ya Rukira. Uyu mutangabuhamya yasobanuye ko icyo imanza Gacaca zigamije ku rwego rwa serire ari ugushishikariza abakoze ibyaha kwirega no gusaba imbabazi. Mu gihe cy’ikusanyamakuru ryamaze umwaka, abantu barazaga bakirega cyangwa bakavuga abakoze ibyaha. Nyuma yaho, hakozwe urutonde rw’abaregwaga. Umugabo witwa Selemani Mbanzabugabo bakunze kwita Mudenge yaje kuri urwo rutonde kubera ko yiciye umukecuru witwa Mukaderevu ku kigo cya CERAI. Ku birebana n’ibyabereye ku kigo cya CERAI, nta bandi bantu bari kuri urwo rutonde, kandi nta zina rya Gatete ryariho629. 9.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 522. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko kuva hagati mu kwezi kwa Mata 1994 kugera mu mpera z’uko kwezi, rimwe Gatete yigeze kuza i Rulenge muri Komine ya Rukira ari hamwe n’abandi bantu mu modoka zishoreranye barimo abapolisi ba Komine ya Murambi bitwaje intwaro, imitwe y’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare, Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kabarondo n’uwa Komini ya Kigarama. Gatete yanenze cyane mu ruhame abaturage bo muri ako gace avuga ko batishe Abatutsi. Byongeye kandi, yategetse Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi b’i Rukira, harimo n’abagore n’abana. Bukeye mu gitondo, izo

Interahamwe, zarimo Emmanuel Rukiramakuba, Ephraim, Fabien na Rwabirekezi, zashenye amazu y’Abatutsi, zisambanya kandi zica abasiviri b’Abatutsi i Rukira. Nk’urugero, Gatete yategetse Fabien kwica Umugandekazi wafatwaga nk’Umututsikazi. Hishwe kandi Védaste Kalisa, Ferdinand Sanane n’umugore we, 629 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 100 (ifishi y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, imp. 33-42. 140/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 277 umukobwa wa Binego witwaga Nzoyori. Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bw’umutanga- buhamya wiswe BBQ n’ubw’uwiswe AIV630. Nta kimenyetso Porokireri yatanze ku birebana n’amabwiriza yaba yaratanzwe yo gusambanya abagore ku gahato no kwica umukobwa witwa Nzoyori.

523. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko n’ubwo Gatete yagiye muri Segiteri ya Rulenge muri Mata 1994, we n’umuryango we baraye ijoro rimwe gusa mu rugo rw’umubwirizabutumwa w’umuporoso, bukeye mu gitondo kare bahungana n’izindi mpunzi zari zavuye muri Komine ya Murambi. Nta mabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rulenge Gatete yigeze atanga. Ubwunganizi bwifashisha ubuhamya bw’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA127, ubwa Joseph Karushya, ubwa Sareh Majoro, n’ubw’umutangabuhamya wiswe LA128631.

524. Duhereye ku bimenyetso bishinja, BBQ yavuze ko yabonye Gatete hagati muri Mata 1994 naho AIV avuga ko yamubonye mu mpera z’uko kwezi. Aba batangabuhamya bombi bamubonye bwa mbere ku kigo cya CERAI ari ninjoro, ari kumwe n’imodoka zishoreranye632. BBQ yavuze ko Gatete yari kumwe n’Interahamwe, abapolisi, n’impunzi. Bagiye ku kigo cya CERAI, bagezeyo Gatete avugana na Niyonshuti, uyu mutangabuhamya avuga ko yigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira, amubwira ko agomba guhamagara Interahamwe kugira ngo zimwereke ingo z’Abatutsi bari 630 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 25, 32, 35; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 51-57, 75 (viii), 82, 108, 117, 229 (f), 230 (f), 231 (f), 519-564; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 5, 13. 631 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 82, 84, 903-977, 982-988, 997, 1111-1113, 1202; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 39, 58-59. 632 BBQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 12, 15-17, 64, 70; Umutangabuhamya AIV, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 3-4. 139/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 278 bataricwa633. Abatangabuhamya bombi bavuze ko bongeye kubona Gatete bukeye bwaho mu gitondo634. BBQ yavuze ko Interahamwe zasanze Gatete aho yari ari maze zikagaba igitero cyahitanye Kalisa hamwe n’umugore we n’umwana we, ndetse ko zishe n’abandi bantu ku kigo cya CERAI635. AIV yavuze ko Gatete yatanze amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi hafi ya saa moya muri icyo gitondo, kandi ko nyuma yaho ubwicanyi bwahise bukorwa muri Segiteri ya Rulenge636. N’ubwo hari ibisa muri ubwo buhamya, Urugereko rufite impungenge zinyuranye ku ireme rya buri buhamya ukwabwo.

525. Ruhereye kuri BBQ, Urugereko rushidikanya ko yabashije kumenya Uregwa ninjoro hagati muri Mata, aho avuga ko yabonye Gatete ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rulenge no ku kigo cya CERAI. Mbere y’uwo munsi, uyu mutangabuhamya ntiyari yarigeze abona Uregwa, kandi n’ubwo yavuze ko Gatete yabibwiye avuga ko ari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, Urugereko ruributsa ko muri Mata 1994 Gatete atari akiri kuri uwo mwanya. By’umwihariko, uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe kandi ari ninjoro, ibyo bikaba bituma umuntu ashidikanya kurushaho ko yabashije kubona Uregwa akamumenya637. Bityo rero, Urugereko rushidikanya ko uwo mugoroba uyu mutanga- buhamya yashoboye kumenya Gatete. 633 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10-18, 61, 68-70. 634 BBQ, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18, 68; AIV, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 4, 7, 10. 635 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-20. 636 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7-10, 42-44. 637 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10, 60, 64-65. Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ubuhamya bwa BBQ buvuga ko yari muri metero zigera nko kuri eshanu uvuye aho Gatete yari igihe yabwiraga abantu uwo ari we. Nyamara ariko, ntibisobanutse niba Gatete yaribwiye abo bantu ku nshuro ya mbere cyangwa ku nshuro ya kabiri. Urugereko rwanasuzumye ubuhamya bwa BBQ buvuga ko nta kintu cyamukingirizaga, akaba kandi, n’ubwo 138/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 279 526. Byongeye kandi, ibisubizo uyu mutangabuhamya yatanze ku bibazo yabajijwe byerekeye irangamimerere ye n’ibyaha byamuhamye birahuzagurika kandi birimo urujijo. Yemereye imbere y’urukiko Gacaca ibyaha yakoze mu mwaka wa 1994, maze akatirwa ku itariki ya 21 Gashyantare 2007, n’ubwo mu ikubitiro ibisubizo bye byerekeye itariki yitabyeho urukiko Gacaca akanasomerwa bitari bisobanutse na gato638. Yabanje kwemera ko yireze icyaha cyo kujya mu bitero bitatu, ariko nyuma yaho avuga ko ari igitero kimwe cyonyine639. Na none kandi, uyu mutangabuhamya amaze kuvuga ko hari undi muntu wireze icyaha cyo kwica umuntu bamuregaga, yaje kuvuga nyuma ko nta muntu wishwe mu gitero yaregwaga kuba yaragiyemo640. hari nijoro, yarashoboraga kubarebera mu myenge y’uruzitiro kubera amatara y’imodoka. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 14-16, 68. 638 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 34-35, 40. 639 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 27 (« Ikibazo: Ni byo ko wemeye icyaha cyo kujya mu bitero bitatu, ni ukuri? Igisubizo: Yego. Bateguye inyandiko barayinyereka, hanyuma ndayisinya; nyuma ariko naje kurega abari bahimbye iyo nyandiko »), na nyuma ku rup. 27 (« Umutangabuhamya: Bavugaga ko nagiye mu gitero nkanatwara amabati yibwe kwa Éphrem Niyonzima. Mu rubanza rwo muri Gacaca

nahatiwe kwemera ko nari muri icyo gitero. Perezida: Icyo ni kimwe. Ikindi, icya kabiri? Umutangabuhamya: Nta bindi nashinjwaga. Ikirego cyari kimwe kivuga ko nagiye muri icyo gitero. Mu by’ukuri nari narakomeretse, abagabye igitero bampatira kwikorera amabati ku mutwe. Icyo ni cyo cyonyine nari nkurikiranyweho. Perezida: Ndakeka ariko ko Avoka wunganira Uregwa yakubwiye ko wemeye ko wagiye mu bitero bitatu, kandi na we wari wabyemeye. Umutangabuhamya: Oya, sinagiye mu bitero bitatu. Nagiye mu gitero kimwe cyagabwe kwa Éphrem Niyonzima. Muri icyo gitero kandi bampatiye kwikorera amabati nyajyana ku muhanda munini wa kaburimbo »). Reba n’inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 39-40 aho bavuga ibitero bitatu. 640 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 27 (« Narakatiwe. Hashize iminsi irindwi undi muntu aza imbere y’urukiko yemera ko yishe Bwana Rutaneshwa »), 28 (« Perezida: Hari umuntu wishwe muri icyo gitero? Umutangabuhamya: Nta muntu wishwe muri icyo gitero »). Byaje kugaragara ko hari abantu babiri bishwe 137/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 280 527. Urugereko ntirwanyuzwe na bimwe mu bikubiye mu buhamya birebana n’uko yahamijwe icyaha n’uko yakatiwe. Avuga ko inyandiko yo kwirega yaba yarahimbwe n’umwe mu bacamanza bari bagize inteko y’urukiko Gacaca. Nyamara ariko, ukurikije ubuhamya bwe, hari abacamanza batatu kandi yaje kuvuga nyuma ko bose bafunzwe kubera ko batashatse gucira urubanza ba gatozi nyabo b’ibyaha641. Urugereko rufite impungenge nyinshi kuri icyo gisubizo. Byongeye kandi, uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze ko yaje guhanagurwaho icyaha amaze gusaba ko urubanza rwe rusubirwamo, maze abandi baba ari bo bahamwa n’icyaha, we ararekurwa. Nyamara ariko, yanavuze ko n’ubwo yahanaguweho icyaha, yagombye kurangiza igihano yakatiwe cy’imirimo mu gitero kimwe yashinjwaga, nyuma yongeraho ko abantu icyenda bishwe mu gitero cya nyuma yashinjwaga. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 39 (Ikibazo: Yego, Uravuga rero ko hari umuntu wiciwe mu maso yawe muri icyo gitero, ni byo? Igisubizo: Ni byo, abantu babiri. Umwe yari umwana wa Niyonzima, undi Niyonzima amubereye nyirarume. Uwa kabiri yishwe na Télesphore Ruhigira, akaba ari we muntu wa nyuma bangeretseho bitewe na ruswa. Ikibazo: Ubwo rero ibyo wavuze mbere kuri iki kibazo ubwira Perezida Muthoga ko nta muntu wishwe muri icyo gitero cya mbere ntibyari ukuri, si byo? Igisubizo: Nari

nibeshye. Mu by’ukuri sinari namenye igitero kirebana n’ikibazo cya Perezida. Mbere na mbere habaye igitero cyagabwe kwa Niyonzima, hanyuma igitero cya kabiri kigabwa kwa Runyetereshwa. Haje kuba igitero cya gatatu cyagabwe munsi y’umuhanda » ), urup. 40. 641 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 27-28. Inyandiko ikubiyemo ukwirega yateguwe na Perezida wa Gacaca n’abandi bacamanza babiri, kandi bose uko ari batatu barafunzwe. BBQ avuga ko abacamanza batashakaga gufunga ba gatozi b’ibyaha nyabo, ahubwo ko bashakaga kumufunga gusa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

35. Nyamara ariko iyo nteko ni yo yaje kuburanisha urubanza rwe rusubiwemo ku itariki ya 10 Nyakanga 2007. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 36, 40. Ubwo byagaragaraga ko abacamanza bari bagize inteko yamuburanishije cyangwa abacamanza batatu bahamwe n’icyaha cyo kwemera ruswa, igihano cyaragabinyijwe kivunjwamo amezi 18 y’imirimo nsimburagifungo ifitiye igihugu akamaro. Muri make, yamaze muri gereza amezi ane n’iminsi 19 gusa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 38, 41-42, 92-93. 136/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 281 nsimburagifungo ifitiye igihugu akamaro642. Ibisubizo by’uyu mutangabuhamya kuri iki kibazo birimo urujijo.

528. Urugereko rufite kandi impungenge ku ireme ry’ubuhamya bwa BBQ kubera ko by’umwihariko yagiye ahuzagurikaga kenshi. Yabanje kuvuga ko Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira yari Moise ariko atazi irindi zina rye, kandi ko Interahamwe zabwiye Gatete ko Moise uwo atakiriho. Yakomeje avuga ko beretse Gatete burugumesitiri mushya, nyuma avuga ko uwo beretse Gatete ari Moise wari warigeze kuba burugumesitiri643.

529. Na none kandi, avuga ibyerekeye iyicwa rya Kalisa n’umugore we hamwe n’umwana wabo, yabanje kuvuga ko yari muri metero ziri hagati ya 10 na 20. Nyamara ariko, ubwo 642 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 27 (hashize iminsi irindwi akatiwe, uwakoze icyaha yashinjwaga yaje imbere y’urukiko Gacaca yiyemerera ko yishe « Rutaneshwa », maze uyu mutangabuhamya ararekurwa), 28 (yarajuriye maze ahanagurwaho icyaha), 31 (yahanishijwe igihano cy’imirimo nsimburagifungo ifitiye igihugu akamaro, kandi « yarakirangije cyose uko cyakabaye » hanyuma yaravuze ati « Ubu nta kibazo mfite mu Rwanda » ), 31 (« … ba gatozi nyabo b’ibyaha barakatiwe. Ubwo abo bantu bakatirwaga ariko nari naratangiye imirimo nsimburagifungo. Bantegetse gukomeza iyo mirimo nkarangiza igihano cyanjye »), 36-37. Nyuma yavuze kandi ko yamaze amezi icyenda muri gereza. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 43. 643 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 10 (« Ubwo Gatete yageraga aho hantu, yashatse kumenya Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Rukira uwo ari we, bamubwira ko ari Moise – irindi zina ntirizwi – wari warapfuye. Nyuma yasabye ko bamwereka burugumesitiri mushya. Ba burugumesitiri bombi bararamukanyije »), 13 (Igisubizo: Yego, Interahamwe zamusubije ko Moise Niyonshuti wigeze kuba burugumesitiri atakiri we, ko yasimbuwe n’undi. Gatete yakomeje kubasaba guhamagara

burugumesitiri mushya. Yavuze ko biganye i Shyogwe. Ntabwo tuzi neza ariko niba Gatete yarasabye ko bamuzanira burugumesitiri wa kera cyangwa burugumesitiri mushya … Igisubizo: Bagiye gushaka burugumesitiri wa kera, Bwana Moise Niyonshuti. Ikibazo: None se, uwo Jean-Baptiste Gatete yavuze ko biganye ni uwuhe, ni burugumesitiri wariho icyo gihe, cyangwa ni uwari warigeze kuba burugumesitiri? Igisubizo: Ni uwari warigeze kuba burugumesitiri, Moise Niyonshuti, wari wariganye na Gatete). 135/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 282 yabazwaga ibindi bibazo kuri ibyo, yemeye ko abo bantu biciwe mu rugo rwabo kandi ko we atari hafi aho, « akaba atarashoboraga kubona ibirimo kuba » kubera ko icyo gihe yagendagendaga644. Yavuze kandi no ku bundi bwicanyi bwakorewe kuri CERAI, nyamara ubuhamya bwe busa n’ubugaragaza ko yari inyuma y’ikigo, ubwicanyi bukaba bwarabereye imbere; ibyo bigatuma habaho gushidikanya ko yaba mu by’ukuri yarabuhagazeho645.

530. Muri make, Urugereko rushidikanya cyane ko muri Mata 1994 BBQ yaba yarashoboye kumenya Gatete, kandi rusanga ubuhamya bwe burimo urujijo, bunahuzagurika. Bityo 644 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 19-20 (« Umutangabuhamya: Oya, nararaga muri icyo gihuru nijoro, ariko ku manywa nkahava. Abantu navuze mu kanya gashize rero biciwe mu ngo zabo. Perezida: None se, wari mu ngo zabo bose? Umutangabuhamya: Oya, ntabwo nari hafi y’ingo zabo. Ariko naragendagendaga, maze nkabona ibiri kuba. Perezida: None se, wamenye ute uwabishe? Umutangabuhamya: Cyari igitero cyagabwe, cyarimo Interahamwe. Muri izo Nterahamwe harimo Emmanuel Rukiramakuba na Hategeka. Abo ni bo bayoboraga ibitero. Hari n’uwitwa Ngabonzima, nako Ngabonzima. Perezida: None se byaba ari byo kuvuga ko utazi mu by’ukuri uwishe abo bantu kubera ko utari uhari bicwa? Umutangabuhamya: Oya. Byari bigoye cyane kugira ngo mbe namenya abo bantu bose; bari benshi cyane. Munazirikane kandi ko nihishahishaga; sinagendanaga na bo »). Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuze kandi ko yari muri metero ziri hagati ya 10 na 20 (Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 19), ariko nyuma yaje kuvuga ko atari hafi y’ingo zabo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 19-20. 645 BBQ avuga ko ikigo cya CERAI cyarimo amazu anyuranye kandi ko cyari gifite imbuga nini imbere. Amazu yari azengurutse imbuga, kandi

umuntu yinjiraga mu kigo cya CERAI anyuze ku irembo ririnzwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 9 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 71-72, 91-92. Urugereko rurashidikanya na none cyane ko ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya yari yihishe inyuma y’uruzitiro mu rutoki ruri hanze y’ikigo cy’ishuri, yumvise Gatete avuga. Ubuhamya bushinjura bwa LA127 wavuze ko ikigo cyari kigizwe n’amazu atatu, kizengurutswe n’uruzitiro rusanzwe hamwe n’uruzitiro rw’amasadara yari ahateye yegeranye kandi afite uburebure burenga metero ebyiri, butera gushidikanya kurushaho. Hirya y’uruzitiro hari amazu n’urutoki, naho imbere y’ikigo cya CERAI hari ikigo cy’amashuri abanza. Umuntu uri imbere mu kigo cya CERAI ntiyashoboraga kubona ibibera hanze y’ikigo. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 23 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5-11, 22-23. 134/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 283 rero, Urugereko ntirwemera ubuhamya bwe igihe budafite ubundi bubushyigikira ku buryo bukwiye.

531. Ku birebena na AIV, kimwe n’uko byavuzwe kuri BBQ, Urugereko rushidikanya ko yabashije kumenya Uregwa. AIV ntiyari yarigeze abona Gatete mbere y’uwo munsi wo mu mpera za Mata avuga ko yamubonyeho ku kigo cya CERAI646. Kumumenya uwo munsi bishingira ku byo yabwiwe, bikaba bisaba rero ko Urugereko rusuzumana ubushishozi ubuhamya bwe647.

532. Urugereko rufite kandi impungenge ku buhamya buvuga ko yahatiwe n’umucamanza wo mu rukiko rwa Gacaca kwemera icyaha cyo kujya mu bitero. Uyu mutangabuhamya yabanje guhakana ko yemeye icyaha, ariko nyuma bamweretse inyandiko yasinyeho kandi yemeramo ko yagiye mu gitero, yemeye ko sinyatiri ari iye ariko avuga ko 646 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 4 («Ikibazo: Uzi cyangwa wari uzi … Jean-Baptiste Gatete? Igisubizo: Yego. Ikibazo: Umuzi guhera ryari, ukuhe kwezi, uwuhe mwaka, niba ushobora kubyibuka? Igisubizo: Najyaga numva izina Gatete kuri Radio Rwanda mbere y’uko mumenya. Ikibazo: Ko uvuga ngo « mbere y’uko umumenya », wamumenye ryari? Igisubizo: Namubonye muri Serire ya Rugombe, Segiteri ya Rurenge ku kigo cya CERAI. Madamu Perezida: Hari ryari? Umutangabuhamya: Hari mu wa 1994, mu kwezi kwa Mata), 7 (Umutangabuhamya: « …. Mbere y’uko agera aho twari turi, umugabo wari uri kuvuga yaravuze ati « uriya ni Gatete ». Madamu Perezida: Waramwiboneye ubwawe? Ndavuga uwo mugabo, simvuga Gatete. Umutangabuhamya: Naramubonye kubera ko ariho nari mpagaze. Madamu Perezida: Bwari ubwa mbere umubona? Umutangabuhamya: Yego, bwari ubwa mbere mubona. Madamu Perezida: Nyuma wongeye kumubona? Umutangabuhamya: Sinongeye kumubona. Madamu Perezida: Muhuye uyu munsi washobora kumumenya? Umutangabuhamya: Simbizi. Mfite ibibazo by’amaso, ba Nyakubahwa bacamanza.

Mperuka kumubona kera … »), 38 (Ikibazo: Urakoze, ariko igisubizo cyawe sincyumva. Wari uzi rero ko atakiri burugumesitiri ? Wanavuze ko wabonye Gatete bwa mbere ku kigo cya CERAI muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, ni byo? Igisubizo: Ni ukuri), 40 (Ikibazo: Ni ukuvuga rero ko mbere y’uko ubona Gatete, utari uzi ibikorwa bye mu buryo butaziguye, wari ubizi? Igisubizo: Numvaga bavuga ibikorwa bye, ariko nari ntaramubona »). 647 Reba nk’urugero, Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kalimanzira mu bujurire, ibika 96, 99. 133/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 284 umucamanza wo muri Gacaca yamuhatiye gusinya, kandi ko uwo mucamanza yaje gufungwa648. Urugereko rutewe amakenga akomeye n’icyo gisobanuro.

533. Byongeye kandi, ubuhamya bwe bugufi bwerekeye igihe ubwicanyi bwabereye ntibwari busobanutse kandi bwarahuzagurikaga. Nta n’ubwo bisobanutse niba hari igitero yahagazeho cyangwa niba ibyerekeye ibitero yarabibwiwe n’abandi649.

534. Urugereko kandi rwasuzumye ubuhamya bushinjura. Nyamara ariko, ibyo ari byo byose, rusanga ubuhamya bwa BBQ na AIV budahagije ku buryo rwabushingiraho rufata imyanzuro idashidikanywaho. Bityo rero, ntibyagaragajwe ko kuva hagati muri Mata 1994 kugera mu mpera z’uko kwezi, rimwe Gatete yategetse Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rulenge, muri Komine ya Rukira, cyangwa ko yategetse abantu kwica umugore w’Umugandekazi utavugwa izina, 648 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 20-21 (« Ikibazo: Kandi wemeye icyaha cyo kujya mu bitero mu gace k’iwanyu, si byo? Igisubizo: Si byo. Amaze kwerekwa ibaruwa irimo ubwirege bwe: Igisubizo: « Yego, iyi nyandiko ndayizi, ariko si njye wayanditse…. Uwayanditse yaje kundeba antegeka kuyisinya. Ariko nyuma amayeri ye yaje kuvumburwa maze arafungwa. Umucamanza Muthoga: None se, igihe yazaga kugusaba kuyisinya warayisinye? Umutangabuhamya: Yego, iyi nyandiko nayisinye mbihatiwe, ni yo mpamvu uwayinsinyishije yahanwe… Yari Perezida w’inteko y’urukiko Gacaca rwa segiteri. Yitwaje uwo mwanya, yahatiye abantu bamwe na bamwe kwemera ko bakoze ibyaha no gusabira imbabazi ibyaha batakoze. Umucamanza Muthoga: None se yafunzwe azira icyo? Umutangabuhamya: Yego. Mu gihe yahatiraga abantu gusinya inyandiko bemera ko bakoze ibyaha, yabahamagazaga imbere y’urukiko yayoboraga maze akabategeka

kumuha amafaranga, akabasinyisha inyandiko kandi mu by’ukuri nta byaha bakoze, ni yo mpamvu yafunzwe »), 22-25. 649 AIV yavuze ko mu gace k’iwabo ubwicanyi bwatangiye Perezida amaze gupfa, ariko buza guhagarara hasigaye icyumweru kimwe ngo Gatete ahagere. Gatete amaze hafi icyumweru kimwe ahageze ubwicanyi bwarubuye. Ibi umutangabuhamya yabyumvanye umugore bahuriye ku muhanda ku itariki ya 26 Mata. Nyamara ariko, nyuma yaje kuvuga ko yumvise ibyerekeye ibitero mu gitondo yaraye abonye Gatete ku kigo cya CERAI. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 35-36, 42, 46. 132/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 285 Vedaste Kalisa, Ferdinand Sanane n’umuryango we, hamwe n’umukobwa witwa Nzoyori. Kubera iyi myanzuro, Urugereko rusanga atari ngombwa gusuzuma ibibazo bibyutswa n’Ubwunganizi buvuga ko butamenyeshejwe ibyo birego mu buryo bukwiye650.

10. IYICWA RYA MULINDA, 12 MATA 1994 10.1 Intangiriro 535. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete, Célestin Senkware n’abandi bantu bishe Mulinda bamurashe, uyu nyakwigendera akaba yari yihishe mu gishanga, muri Komine ya Rutonde. Mbere na nyuma y’iyicwa ry’uyu Mulinda, Gatete n’abandi bantu bajagajaze imisozi n’imibande bashakisha abasiviri b’Abatutsi ngo babice. Mu kugaragaza ibyo avuga, Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya bwatanzwe mu Rukiko n’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBL651.

536. Ubwunganizi buhakana ko Gatete yagize uruhare mu iyicwa rya Mulinda maze bukifashisha ubuhamya bwatanzwe mu Rukiko n’abatangabuhamya biswe LA54 na LA56652. 10.2 Ibimenyetso Umutangabuhamya ushinja wiswe BBL 650 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 927-932. 651 Inyandiko y’ibirego igika 37; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, ibika 49, 492-518. 652 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 773-824; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 57-58. 131/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 286 537. Umutangabuhamya wiswe BBL ni Umututsi, mu mwaka wa 1994 akaba yari agoronome, atuye muri Segiteri ya Syogo, Komine ya Kayonza. Ubwo yari mu rugo kwa mubyara we mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 11 Mata, Interahamwe zahagabye igitero zishaka kumwica [umutangabuhamya]. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata mu rukerera, yarahunze ajya kwihisha mu gishanga cya Nkamba, kiri hagati y’udusozi twa Gashoki, Rutonde na Nkamba, ku rubibi rwa Komine ya Kabarondo n’iya Rutonde. Muri icyo gishanga, hari hihishe n’abandi bagabo batandatu, nyuma yaho haza n’umugabo witwaga Mulinda, BBL yari azi nk’Umututsi w’umukire wo muri Segiteri ya Nkamba, Komine ya Kabarondo. Ubwo bari bihishe muri icyo gishanga, uyu mutangabuhamya na Mulinda baraganiriye gato. Mulinda yamusobanuriye ko aje ahunga Interahamwe zashakaga kumwica ndetse ko zari zasenye inzu ye zikanasahura ibintu bye653.

538. Uwo munsi, hagati ya saa munani na saa cyenda z’amanywa, Gatete yageze aho hantu ari kumwe na Senkware, Bahigi na Kanobana bashakisha Abatutsi bari bihishe muri icyo gishanga. Gatete yavumbuye Mulinda, noneho uyu arahaguruka, agerageza guhunga, ariko Gatete aramwica, amurashishije imbunda ya mitarayeti [SMG] yari ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 80. Icyo gihe uyu mutangabuhamya yari nko muri metero esheshatu z’ahantu Mulinda yari ari kandi uyu yari nko muri metero umunani z’aho Gatete yari ari. Uyu mutangabuhamya yashoboraga kubona Gatete kuko nta kintu cyari kimukingirije. Cyakora, Gatete we ntiyamubonye kuko iyo amubona aba yaramwishe. Muri iryo joro, 653 Ikimenyetso gihamya cya Porokireri No 13 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 83-85; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5, 7, 18-21, 23-25, 28-29. Igice kimwe cy’icyo gishanga cyari haruguru gato ahantu hegutse, hari imirima y’umuceri. Cyakora, BBL yihishe mu gice cyo hepfo kitahingwagamo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009 urup.

20. Mulinda yageze mu gishanga mu rukerera, ku itariki ya 12 Mata; yasanze uyu mutangabuhamya n’izindi mpunzi 6 zamaze kuhagera, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 18-19. 130/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 287 uyu mutangabuhamya yumvise abagabaga ibitero bigamba ukuntu baciye Mulinda ukuboko. Uyu mutangabuhamya yavuye mu gishanga ku itariki ya 15 Mata654. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA54 539. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA54 ni Umututsi, mu mwaka wa 1994 akaba yari umucuruzi atuye muri Segiteri ya Nkamba, Komine ya Kabarondo. Yari azi neza Mulinda kandi avuga ko nyakwigendera yari umukire akaba na resiponsabule [wa serire]. Guhera ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Abatutsi batangiye kwicwa maze LA54 arahunga amara iminsi yihishe mu bihuru, muri Komine ya Rutonde655.

540. Ku itariki ya 15 Mata, yari yihishe mu kirombe cya Bitare kiri ku gasozi, muri Komine ya Rutonde. Bukeye mu masaa mbiri za mu gitondo, ku itariki ya 16 Mata, yagiye gushaka ibyo kurya. Agarutse kuri ako gasozi, yabonye Abahutu batangiye kugaba ibitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi. Mulinda n’undi muntu witwa Kagabo bari mu mpunzi icyo gihe zageraga kuri 50. Mu bagabye icyo gitero harimo umuntu witwa Muneza, wari ukiyoboye n’abandi bantu babiri, ari bo Ibrahim na Nassoro. Mu bagabye icyo gitero harimo abajandarume umunani b’i Rwamagana bari bitwaje intwaro656. 654 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 83-85; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 22, 26 (reba inyandiko irimo ibyakosowe), 31. BBL avuga ko abari bihishanye na we ari Pierre Rwatangabo, Claver Kagabo, Dominique Ruvusapama, Paul Gakuba, n’abandi bitwa David na Cyrus. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 85. 655 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 50 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5, 7-9, 23-24, 26. 656 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 7, 10, 11 (hari « Abatutsi batageze kuri 50 » n’Abahutu bake), 12-13, 17. Abona Mulinda bwa nyuma hari mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 16 Mata, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

13. Urugereko rusanga mu buhamya izina rya « Nassoro » ryandikwa mu 129/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 288 541. Icyo gitero cyarangiye hagati ya saa tanu za mu gitondo na saa saba z’amanywa. Uwo munsi, uyu mutangabuhamya yamenye ko Mulinda yicishijwe imipanga i Bitare, ari naho babonye umurambo we. Yumvise bavuga ko nyakwigendera yishwe na Nassoro na Ibrahim. Icyo gitero cyahitanye abantu benshi, barimo benshi mu bagabo bari bahungiye kuri ako gasozi657.

542. Nyuma y’icyo gitero, abarokotse bahambye imirambo, harimo n’uwa Mulinda. Iyo mirambo yashyinguwe ahantu ubu hari urwibutso rwa jenoside muri Rutonde. Uyu mutangabuhamya, wari uhari mu ishyingurwa rya Mulinda, yabonye umurambo w’uyu nyakwigendera wakomeretse kandi abicanyi bari baciye igice cy’ukuboko kwe. Uyu mutangabuhamya yari anahari ubwo Kagabo yashyingurwaga. Mu ishyingurwa rya Mulinda na Kagabo, hari abandi bacikacumu batanu658. Umutangabuhamya ushinjura wiswe LA56 543. Umutangabuhamya wiswe LA56 ni Umututsikazi, mu mwaka wa 1994 akaba yari umuhinzi, atuye muri Segiteri ya Rutonde, Komine ya Rutonde. Yari azi Mulinda, buryo butandukanye. Muri uru rubanza, iryo zina ryanditswe nk’uko rigaragara henshi mu nyandikomvugo z’iburanisha. 657 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 12-17. LA54 abanza kuvuga ko imirwano yarangiye saa tanu za mu gitondo, ariko nyuma akavuga ko yarangiye saa saba z’amanywa. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13, 15. Ntiyabonye uko Mulinda yishwe. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup.

26. Nyuma yaho, uyu mutangabuhamya yagiye mu manza Gacaca Nassoro na Ibrahim bemeyemo ibyaha bakoze, maze barakatirwa kubera iyicwa rya Mulinda. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 21-23, 27. 658 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 13-17, 19-20, 26; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 51 (ilisiti y’amazina). 128/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 289 Umututsi w’umukire wari utuye i Nkamba. Ntiyari azi Gatete cyangwa ngo amenye isura ye659.

544. Ku itariki ya 14 Mata, ku rubibi rwa Segiteri ya Rutonde n’iya Munyaga habereye imirwano. Bukeye mu gitondo, ku itariki ya 15 Mata, LA56 yahungiye kuri Jandarumori y’i Rwamagana ari kumwe n’abana be n’abandi bantu bagera ku bihumbi batanu, barimo Abahutu n’Abatutsi. Bageze i Bitare, ahantu hari agasozi kagufi n’ibirombe, Interahamwe zarabatangiriye. Icyo gihe impunzi nyinshi zarishwe, izisigaye zirara mu rutoki rw’uwitwa Patrice. N’ubwo uyu mutangabuhamya atabonye Mulinda mu mbaga y’impunzi, yumvise bavuga ko Mulinda yari mu bantu bahungiye kuri ako gasozi ka Bitare ku itariki ya 15 Mata660.

545. Ku itariki ya 16 Mata, LA56 yabonye Mulinda ubwo impunzi zajyaga ku birombe zishaka kwambuka ngo zijye i Rwamagana. Igihe kimwe, hagati yo mu masaa tanu za mu gitondo na saa sita z’amanywa, abagabye igitero baturutse i Nkamba baje gushaka Mulinda. Cyakora ntibabashije kumubona kuko yari yiyoberanyije akambara imyenda y’abagore ndetse agaheka n’uruhinja. Ahubwo, uyu mutangabuhamya yabonye umugabo witwa Kabago yicwa, kubera ko yasaga cyane na Mulinda661. 659 Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 94 (inyandiko y’umwirondoro); inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 86-87, 89, 90-92, 94. 660 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 90-92, 95, 98, 104. Nyuma, LA56 yavuze ko yiboneye ubwe Mulinda ku itariki ya 15 Mata, ko ariko atamuvugishije. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup. 104. 661 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 91-92, 104. Abagabye igitero bashakaga Mulinda kubera ko yari umukire kandi « ntiyumvikanaga n’abo bantu bafungwaga kenshi». Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, urup. 92. 127/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 290 546. Mu masaa cyenda z’amanywa, abantu batangiye kugaba igitero cya karundura ku mpunzi, bakoresheje intwaro gakondo n’imbunda. Umugabo witwa Saïdi Karangwa yahagaritse abagabaga icyo gitero kubera ko barimo kwica n’Abahutu. Ubwo rero batangiye gutandukanya impunzi z’Abahutu n’iz’Abatwa bazikura mu zindi mpunzi ariko iki gikorwa cyarangiye mu masaa kumi z’igicamunsi batagishoboye kwica kuko amasaha yari akuze. Abagabye igitero babwiye abaresiponsabule b’amaserire kujyana abantu bo mu maserire yabo, abagore na bo bemererwa kugenda. Mbere y’uko uyu mutangabuhamya atoroka yabonye Mulinda bwa nyuma. Nyuma yaho, umucikacumu witwa Gasana yamubwiye ko Mulinda yiciwe hamwe n’abandi bagabo. Gasana yongeyeho ko abantu b’i Nkamba baciye Mulinda ukuboko ngo bajye kwerekana ko yishwe koko. Imirambo y’abantu bishwe muri icyo gitero yarataburuwe ihambwa mu cyubahiro mu rwibutso rwa jenoside rw’i Bitare. Izina rya Mulinda n’amazina y’abandi benshi yanditse kuri urwo rwibutso662. 10.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 547. Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete, Célestin Senkware n’abandi bantu bishe Mulinda bamurashe, uyu akaba yari yahungiye mu gishanga, muri Komine ya Rutonde. Mbere na nyuma y’iyicwa ry’uyu nyakwigendera, Gatete n’abandi bantu bajagajaze imisozi n’imibande

bashakisha abasiviri b’Abatutsi ngo babice. Porokireri yifashisha ubuhamya bwa BBL wiboneye ibyabaye, kugira ngo agaragaze ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata, Gatete yarashe maze akica Mulinda wari umwe mu mpunzi z’Abatutsi zari zihishe mu gishanga cya Nkamba muri Komine ya Rutonde663. Ubwunganizi bwifashisha ubuhamya bwa LA54 na LA56 662 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 91-93, 97, 103 663 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika37; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, ibika 49, 492-518. 126/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 291 bugahakana ko Gatete yishe Mulinda. Buvuga ko ahubwo nyakwigendera yishwe na Nassoro na Ibrahim ku itariki ya 16 Mata, muri Komine ya Rutonde, mu birombe biri ku gasozi ka Bitare cyangwa hafi yabyo664.

548. Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko ahagana hagati muri Mata 1994, Mulinda, Umututsi w’umukire wo muri Segiteri Nkamba, Komine ya Kabarondo, yiciwe muri Komine ya Rutonde, ubwo Abahutu bagabye igitero bateraga impunzi z’Abatutsi665. Ibimenyetso byerekana kandi ko Mulinda amaze kwicwa, abagabye igitero batemaguye umurambo we bakawuca akaboko cyangwa ikiganza ngo bajye kwerekana ko nyakwigendera yishwe koko666. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma ibimenyetso byatanzwe rushingiye ku bivugwa ku ruhare rwa Gatete mu iyicwa ry’uwo mugabo.

549. Ku byerekeranye n’ibimenyetso bishinja, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko mu wa 1994, BBL yashoboye kumenya Gatete667. Rusanga kandi yarashoboye no kumenya Mulinda668. Nk’uko bivugwa haruguru, ibyo avuga ko Mulinda yari Umututsi w’umukire 664 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 773-824; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 57-58. 665 BBL, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 83; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 19; LA54, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, imp. 5, 7, 10-13, 26; LA56, inyandiko- mvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2010, imp. 87, 92. 666 BBL, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 25-26, 31; LA54, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe, imp. 19, 26; LA56, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Werurwe 2009, urup. 92. 667 BBL avuga ko yabonye Gatete inshuro eshatu muri Kanama 1993 muri Komine ya Kayonza. Asobanura ko yamubonye mu nama, kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi no mu rugo kwa Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 81. 668 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 83-85. Mulinda yari aturanye n’umwe muri bene wabo ba BBL. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 19; Ikimenyetso gihamya cy’Ubwunganizi No 10 (izina rya mwenewabo wa BBL n’aho yari atuye). 125/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 292 wo muri Segiteri ya Nkamba, bihuye n’ibyo abatangabuhamya bashinjura biswe LA54 na LA56 bavuga mu buhamya bwabo.

550. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi bushaka kwerekana ko BBL ashobora kuba abogamye669. By’umwihariko, Ubwunganizi buvuga ko uyu mutangabuhamya ari umupolisi ukorera ubutegetsi buriho ubu, kandi ko yatangiye gukora iyo mirimo muri Nyakanga 1994, mbere y’uko intambara irangira670. Urugereko rusanga ibi bitavuga, byanze bikunze, ko ubuhamya bwe butakwizerwa cyangwa ko bubogamye. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko ruzirikana ko ubuhamya bwe bukubiye mu nyandikomvugo yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko muri Gicurasi 1998, yabutangiye ku biro bya komine imbere ya burugumesitiri wari umukuriye. Cyakora, ubwo buhamya bwanditse ntibwashyizwe mu bimenyetso n’ubwo ibyo bitavuga, byanze bikunze, ko ubuhamya yatanze hejuru y’indahiro mu Rukiko bwakemangwa671.

551. Cyakora, Urugereko rufite amakenga yo kuba rwashingira ku buhamya bwa BBL mu Rukiko ngo rufate imyanzuro idashidikanywaho. Muri make, rusanga ubuhamya bwe atari simusiga bihagije. Ubuhamya bwe bugufi buvuga ko yari hafi cyane ya Gatete ariko ko Gatete atamubonye, n’ubwo avuga ko Uregwa yarimo guhiga Abatutsi672. Byongeye 669 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 777, 809, 811-824. 670 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 814-816; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5-9, 27. BBL yemeza ko hari ubuhamya bukubiye mu nyandikomvugo yakozwe n’abapererezi b’Urukiko mu mwaka 1998, abyemerewe n’ubutegetsi bwa komine. Yabarijwe imbere ya burugumesitiri. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup.

7. Yemera kandi ko atanga ubuhamya bwanditse ashinja Gatete, hari icyo yari ahuriyeho na Guverinoma iriho mu Rwanda, kuko kuva muri Nyakanga 1994 kugeza mu mwaka wa 1999, yari umupolisi. Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 5-6, 32. 671 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7, 9, 27-28, 31. 672 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 84. 124/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 293 kandi, BBL yabanje kuvuga ko Gatete yavumbuye Mulinda, hanyuma uyu yahaguruka, akaraswa maze agapfa673. Ariko nyuma yavuze ko Mulinda yishwe ubwo yageragezaga kuva mu gishanga ngo ajye ku gasozi ka Rutonde674.

552. Urugereko rwasuzumye kandi ibimenyetso bishinjura, ariko rusanga nta gaciro kanini bifite kubera ko ari LA54 cyangwa LA56 nta n’umwe wiboneye iyicwa rya Mulinda. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga ubuhamya bwa BBL, budafite ubundi bubushyigikira, budahagije ngo rube rwabushingiraho maze rwemeze ku buryo budashidikanywaho ko ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, Gatete, ari kumwe na Célestin Senkware n’abandi bantu, yishe Mulinda amurashe muri Komine ya Rutonde. Ntihanagaragajwe kandi ko mbere cyangwa nyuma y’ubwo bwicanyi Gatete yazengurutse imisozi n’imibande ahiga abasiviri b’Abatutsi kugira ngo abice. 673 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 83-84. 674 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 85; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Ugushyingo 2009, urup. 22. 123/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 294 III. IMYANZURO YO MU RWEGO RW’AMATEGEKO 553. Ashingiye ku ngingo ya 6(1) ya Sitati, Porokireri arega Gatete icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1) cyangwa, kitamuhama, akamuryoza icyo kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside (ikirego cya 2). Amurega kandi ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 3), n’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (itsembatsemba, ubuhotozi, no gusambanya ku gahato, uko bikurikirana, kuva ku kirego cya 4 kugera ku cya 6).

554. Mu myanzuro yarwo ishingiye ku byabaye, Urugereko rwasanze mu nama imwe yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba muri Komine ya Murambi, Gatete yarategetse Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi, kandi ko Abatutsi bishwe kubera iryo tegeko yatanze (II.2.3). Rwasanze kandi Gatete yaragize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro (II.5.3.i), yaratanze intwaro, agatanga n’amabwiriza yo kwica abantu kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange (II.6.3). Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma ingaruka, mu rwego rw’amategeko, z’uruhare Gatete yagize muri ibyo byabaye. Cyakora, si ngombwa ko rugira icyo ruvuga ku kirego cyo gusambanya ku gahato nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 6), kubera ko ibyo Porokireri avuga mu gushyigikira icyo kirego bitatangiwe ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho.

1.

UBURYOZWACYAHA 1.1 Intangiriro 555. Ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati ikubiyemo imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi irebana n’ibyaha Urukiko rufitiye ububasha bwo gukurikirana ari yo, gucura umugambi [wo gukora icyaha], guhamagarira [abantu gukora icyaha], gutegeka [abantu gukora icyaha], gukora [icyaha], no gushyigikira [abakora icyaha]. 122/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 295 556. Mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete aregwa icyaha hashingiwe kuri iyo mitere yose y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi buvugwa mu ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati. Porokireri ashaka kandi kugaragaza uburyozwacyaha bwa Gatete mu byaha bimaze kuvugwa, ashingiye ku ihange ry’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho675. Mbere yo kuvuga amahame mu by’amategeko akoreshwa ku miterere itandukanye y’uburyozwacyaha, Urugereko rurabanza kureba niba buri miterere irebana n’imyanzuro yarwo isobanurwa ku buryo buhagije mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. 1.2 Kumenyesha Uregwa ibyo ashinjwa 557. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko, iyo uregwa ashinjwa kuba yaracuze umugambi wo gukora icyaha, agahamagarira, agategeka, cyangwa agashyigikira abandi bantu mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gutsotsoba ibyaha bivugwa, Porokireri agomba gusobanura « ibikorwa byihariye » cyangwa « imyitwarire yihariye » y’uregwa ibyo birego bishingiyeho676. Porokireri agomba gusobanura gusa iyo miterere y’uburyozwa- cyaha ashaka gushingiraho677. Porokireri yasabwe kudapfa gusubiramo gusa ibiteganywa 675 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 7-9; Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, ibika 16-23, 44, 46; Imyanzuro nsozazarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, ibika 45, 105-106, 133, 145-152, 228, 230. 676Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika

25. 677Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 41; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 30, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 357; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blagoje Simić mu bujurire, igika 21; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blaskić mu bujurire, igika 215. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 473; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Aleksovski mu bujurire, igika 171, igisobanuro nomero 319 cyo hasi ku rupapuro; Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Radoslav Brđanin na Momir Talić, No IT-99-36-PT, Icyemezo ku bibazo byabyukijwe na Momir Talić ku miterere y’inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe, 20 Gashyantare 2001 (« Urubanza rwa Brđanin na Talić, Icyemezo cyo ku itariki ya 20 Gashyantare 2001 »), igika 10; Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Milorad Krnojelac, No IT-97-25-T, 121/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 296 n’ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, kereka ashaka gushingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwa- cyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi iteganywa n’iyo ngingo, naho ubundi byatera urujijo678.

558. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje kandi ko iyo ikirego cyo mu nyandiko y’ibirego kidasobanura neza imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha buvugwa, uregwa ashobora kumenyeshwa, mu buryo bwumvikana neza kandi mu gihe gikwiye, iyo miterere y’uburyozwacyaha, hifashishijwe nk’urugero ibivugwa mu bindi bika by’inyandiko y’ibirego. Amategeko asaba rero gusoma inyandiko y’ibirego yose nk’umubumbe, mu gusuzuma niba uregwa yaramenyeshejwe uko bikwiye, imiterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha irebana n’ibyaha ashinjwa679. Iyo inyandiko y’ibirego idasobanura neza imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho, Porokireri agomba kugaragaza neza imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha avuga kuri buri kirego kandi abikora, nk’urugero, mu myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza680. Icyemezo ku cyifuzo mbanzirizarubanza cyerekeranye n’imiterere y’Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe, 11 Gashyantare 2000 (« Urubanza rwa Krnojelac, Icyemezo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Gashyantare 2000 »), igika 60. 678Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 30, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 357; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 473; Urubanza rwa Krnojelac, Icyemezo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Gashyantare 2000, igika 60; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Aleksovski mu bujurire, igika 171, igisobanuro nomero 319 cyo hasi ku rupapuro; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa

Delalić na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 351; Urubanza rwa Brđanin na Talić, Icyemezo cyo ku itariki ya 20 Gashyantare 2001, igika 10. 679Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 259, 358; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 473; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Aleksovski mu bujurire, igika 171, igisobanuro nomero 319 cyo hasi ku rupapuro. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, ibika 120-124. 680Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, ibika 161, 163, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krnojelac mu bujurire, igika 138; n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 475 120/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 297 559. Vuba aha mu rubanza rwa Rukundo, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko ibika by’iriburiro byo mu nyandiko y’ibirego, bisubiramo, ijambo ku rindi, ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, bifatwa gusa nk’intangiriro y’ibika byihariye byo mu nyandiko y’ibirego birebana na buri kirego, bisobanura kurushaho imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha Porokireri yashingiyeho681. Rwavanyeho umwanzuro w’Urugereko rwa Mbere ku byerekeranye no « gukora » icyaha, aho igika cy’inyandko y’ibirego cyashingiweho kivuga gusa ko uregwa yategetse, agahamagarira abantu gukora icyaha, kandi akabibashyigikiramo. Urugereko rusanga ibintu byarushaho kumvikana rusuzumye bimwe mu byo Urugereko rw’ubujurire rwashingiyeho rufata uwo mwanzuro.

560. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko, mbere na mbere, muri urwo rubanza rwa Rukundo, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze ibyinshi mu bika bivuga ibikorwa byihariye uregwa aryozwa, bivuga gusa ko Rukundo ashinjwa gutegeka, guhamagarira abantu kwica Abatutsi, no kubashyigikira muri ibyo bikorwa. Mu rubanza rwa Rukundo, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze ijambo « gukora », uko ryakomojweho mu bika bibiri byerekeranye n’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi « ridasobanutse na gato iyo risomewe hamwe n’ibisobanuro byatuma umuntu yumva ko hariho uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi ». Ku birebana n’imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha, ibyo bika bivuga gusa ko Rukundo yakoze icyaha kuko « yategetse, agahamagarira abandi gukora icyaha cyangwa akabibashyigikiramo»682. Cyakora n’ubwo rwavuze ibyo, 681Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, ibika 34-35. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko ku byerekeranye n’ibivugwa byihariye, mu gika kirimo ibisobanuro birambuye havugwamo ko Rukundo « yategetse, agahamagarira, cyangwa agashyigikira ». Biragaragara rero ko atashinjwaga « gukora ». Ni kimwe no haruguru, igika 35. 682Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 32, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu rw’iremezo, igika 27. 119/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 298 Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwabirenzeho ruhamya Rukundo « gukora » ibyaha bivugwa.

561. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko ibika by’iriburiro ari intangiriro gusa y’« ibindi bika bisobanutse kurushaho bijyana na buri kirego »683. Uru Rugereko rusanga ibika byo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo bisobanura ibyabaye, ahanini bivuga neza imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha ishingirwaho, kandi hose iyo miterere y’uburyozwacyaha ni uguhamagarira, gutegeka [abantu gukora icyaha] cyangwa kubibashyigikiramo684.

562. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze kandi ibika bitatu by’iriburiro byo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo bivuga ko « ku byerekeranye no gukora ibyaha», Rukundo « yategetse, ahamagarira,» abasirikare, abasiviri bitwaje intwaro n’Interahamwe « gukora ibikorwa » bivugwa muri iyo nyandiko y’ibirego, cyangwa « abibashyigi- kiramo »685. Uru Rugereko rusanga ibika by’iriburiro byo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo, bidasobanutse neza ku byerekeranye no « gukora » icyaha. Ibyo bika bisa n’ibishaka kumvikanisha ko imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha inyuranye ivugwa, igarukira gusa ku « gutegeka abantu gukora icyaha, kubibahamagarira cyangwa kubishyigikiramo ».

563. Mu gusoza kuri iyi ngingo, Urugereko rusanga muri urwo rubanza rwa Rukundo, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwarafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko n’iyo inenge yo kudasobanura 683Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 33. 684 Reba Urubanza rwa Rukundo, Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe yatanzwe hakurikijwe Icyemezo cy’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo II cyo ku itariki ya 28 Nzeri 2006, 6 Ukwakira 2006, ibika B (iii), 10 (ii), (iii), (iv), 12-13, 15, 17, 19, 22-23, 25 (ii), (iii), (iv), 27, 29. 685Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 34. 118/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 299 icyaha cyo « gukora » ku byerekeranye n’ibyabaye bivugwa yaba yarakosowe, iyo umuntu asuzumye impinamyanzuro ya Porokireri asanga urubanza rugitangira atararegeraga icyaha cyo « gukora ». Ahubwo, mu mpinamyanzuro, Porokireri avuga ko Rukundo yagize uruhare « ruteruye, rugizwe no guhamagarira abantu gukora icyaha, no kubibashyigikiramo»686.

564. Urugereko rusanga kandi byagira akamaro gusuzuma ubukemuramanza bw’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire ku byerekeranye n’inyandiko z’ibirego aho imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha itagaragazwa neza ku kirego runaka, ibi bikaba binyuranye n’ibyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo. Mu rubanza rwa Semanza, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko Uregwa yamenyeshejwe bihagije ko aregwa « gutegeka » [abantu gukora icyaha], n’ubwo igika kivugwamo ibikorwa bjyanye n’icyo kirego kidakoresha, mu buryo bweruye, ijambo « gutegeka ». Urwo Rugereko rwasanze igika cy’iriburiro kivuga imiterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha iteganywa mu ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati. Byongeye kandi, iyo usomye ibikorwa by’ingenzi icyo kirego gishingiyeho bikubiye mu gika cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego, ubihuza n’ibivugwa mu bindi bika byerekana uruhare « rukomeye » rw’uregwa mu bitero n’umwanya we nk’umuntu wari ukuriye abagabaga 686Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 37, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Rubanza rwa Rukundo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Ugushyingo 2006, urup. 3 (« Ba Nyakubahwa bacamanza, ibimenyetso tuzatanga bizagaragaza ibintu bikurikira: Ko uruhare rwa Emmanuel Rukundo rutari rweruye, ko rwari rugizwe no guhamagarira no gushyigikira abasirikare, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaje intwaro batsotsobye ibyaha bivugwa muri iyi nyandiko y’ibirego »), 3-5; Urubanza rwa Rukundo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20

Gashyantare 2008, urup. 5 (« Ba Nyakubahwa Bacamaza, urebye rero uko ibintu bimeze, biroroshye gusobanukirwa n’uruhare Emmanuel Rukundo yagize muri jenoside yo mu mwaka wa 1994. Ba Nyakubahwa Bacamanza, nk’uko twabibagaragarije, mu mpinamyanzuro ibanziriza urubanza, uruhare rwa Emmanuel Rukundo ntirwari rweruye, rwari urwo guhamagarira abasirikare, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaje intwaro kwica Abatutsi no kubibashyigikiramo»). 117/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 300 ibitero, usanga Ubwunganizi bwaramenyeshejwe bihagije ko Uregwa ashinjwa « gutegeka » [abantu gukora icyaha]687.

565. Mu rubanza rwa Gacumbitsi, ibintu biratandukanye gato kubera ko igika kivugwamo ku buryo burambuye ibintu byabaye, gisobanura neza imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha. Kivuga ko Uregwa « yategetse » abantu gukora ubwicanyi. Cyakora, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwakoze ikosa kubera ko rutafashe « gushyigikira » nk’imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha yagombaga kwitabwaho, cyane cyane ko igika kivugwamo ibyo bikorwa kinarimo ibikorwa by’ingenzi bihagije kugira ngo uregwa ahamwe n’icyaha cyo « gushyigikira » abakora icyaha. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko mu gika cy’iriburiro havugwa imiterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha iteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, harimo no « gushyigikira ». Rwanasanze ibindi bika bikubiyemo amakuru yari gutuma Gacumbitsi amenya ko ibyabaye bivugwa mu nyandiko y’ibirego biramutse bigaragajwe, yaryozwa kuba yarashyigikiye ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko, bifatiwe hamwe, ibyo bika byo mu nyandiko y’ibirego bimenyesha uregwa, ku buryo buhagije, ko Porokireri anamuryoza « gushyigikira » ikorwa ry’icyaha kivugwa688.

566. Ni ngomba kuvuga ko inyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Semanza n’iy’urwa Gacumbitsi zitavugaga, mu magambo yeruye, ku miterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha 687 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntawukulilyayo mu rw’iremezo, igika 404, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 356-358. 688Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntwukulilyayo mu rw’iremezo, igika 405, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, ibika 122-124. 116/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 301 muri buri gika gisobanura ibyo bakurikiranyweho nk’uko ahanini bimeze mu nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo689.

567. Rushingiye ku mahame amaze kuvugwa, Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma Inyandiko y’ibirego muri uru rubanza. Igika cya 9 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego, ari cyo gika cy’iriburiro ku byaha, kivuga mu buryo bwumvikana imiterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi iteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati. Muri icyo gika hanavugwa ko Gatete yari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Uko Urugereko rubibona, igika cya 9 kigaragaza neza ko Porokireri yateganyaga gushingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha buteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 (1), irimo no gukora icyaha mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho690. Mu nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo, ibika by’iriburiro byagaragayemo ibintu bidasobanutse ku byerekeranye no kumuryoza « gukora » 689 Reba Urubanza rwa Semanza, Inyandiko y’ibirego ya gatatu yahinduwe, 12 Ukwakira 1999, igika 3.15; Urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi, Inyandiko y’ibirego, 20 Kamena 2001, ibika 4, 7, 9, 10, 15, 20, 22, 24, 35; Urubanza rwa Rukundo, Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe yatanzwe hakurikijwe Icyemezo cy’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo II cyo ku itariki ya 28 Nzeri 2006, 6 Ukwakira 2006, ibika B (iii), 10 (ii), (iii), (iv), 12-13, 15, 17, 19, 22-23, 25 (ii), (iii), (iv), 27, 29. 690 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika cya 9 (« Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2, iya 3 n’iya 6 za Sitati y’Urukiko, Jean-Baptiste Gatete ashinjwa, nka gatozi, ibyaha bivugwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego. Mu by’ukuri,

yacuze umugambi wo gukora ibyo byaha, ahamagarira abantu kubikora, ategeka ko bikorwa, arabikora ubwe cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, ashyigikira abandi bantu mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora ibyo byaha. Byongeye kandi, yitabiriye umugambi mubisha uhuriweho …. Ibyaha bivugwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego byakozwe mu rwego rw’uyu mugambi cyangwa byari ingaruka zisanzwe ndetse zitezwe z’uwo mugambi…. »). Igika cya 7 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego gitanga amakuru y’inyongera ku byerekeranye n’abantu bari bagize uwo mugambi mubisha uhuriweho ndetse n’icyo bari bagamije. 115/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 302 icyaha691. Cyakora, ibintu si ko bimeze muri uru rubanza kuko Inyandiko y’ibirego ivuga, mu magambo yumvikana, ko Porokireri ashingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha.

568. Ku byerekeranye n’ibika byihariye bivuga mu buryo burambuye ku birego, Urugereko rusanga mu nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Rukundo kuri buri kirego, ibyinshi mu bika bishinja Uregwa, mu buryo bweruye, guhamagarira, gutegeka [gukora icyaha] cyangwa gushyigikira [ikorwa ryacyo]. Cyakora, mu Nyandiko y’ibirego mu rubanza rwa Gatete si ko bimeze, kuko ibika birimo ibirego bitagaragaza byose imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha. Mu gihe ibika bimwe bisobanura ibikorwa by’ingenzi kuri buri kirego bivuga ku cyaha cyo « gutegeka » cyangwa « guhamagarira », igika kimwe ni cyo cyonyine kivuga ku « gucura umugambi ». Nta gika na kimwe kivuga by’umwihariko ku « gukora » cyangwa « gushyigikira », ndetse hari n’ibindi bitagira icyo bivuga ku miterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha ishingirwaho692. 691Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rukundo mu bujurire, igika 34. 692 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 13 (« Gatete yakoranyije Interahamwe, ategura kandi yitabira igikorwa cyo gufunga imihanda yose yinjira n’isohoka muri Byumba… ». Byongeye kandi «yategetse » ko ubwicanyi bukorerwa ku mabariyeri; igika 14 (hakozwe inama kugira ngo « batange intwaro kandi bahamagarire abantu bitwaraga gisirikare gutsembatsemba abasiviri b’Abatutsi… ».); igika 15 (Gatete « yategetse » Interahamwe); igika 16 (Gatete « wategekaga » ko ubwicanyi bukorwa « yahamagariye » abantu kugaba ibitero); igika 17

(Gatete « yahamagariye » Interahamwe…, azitegeka kandi aziha amabwiriza yo kwica Abatutsi »); igika 18 (Gatete « yahamagariye kandi ategeka abasiviri guhiga no gutsembatsemba Abatutsi »); igika 19 (Gatete « yategetse, agenzura ubwicanyi n’ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato kandi na we arabyitabira » kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro); igika 20 (Gatete « yahamagariye, ategeka, yorohereza kandi atanga amabwiriza»); igika 21 (N’ubwo nta buryo bw’uburyozwacyaha buvugwa, havugwa ko Gatete yakoresheje inama ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mpambara, noneho uyu ategeka Abatutsi kuva kuri Paruwasi ya Rukara); igika 22 (N’ubwo nta buryo bw’uburyozwacyaha buvugwa, havugwa ko Gatete « yatwaye » abasirikare n’Interahamwe mu modoka, maze « bagaba igitero » kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange); igika 23 (Gatete « yahamagariye » Interahamwe kandi « azitegeka » gukora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato n’ubwicanyi); igika 23A (Gatete « yategetse » ko Abatutsi batandukanywa n’abandi, atera umugeri Gatare, maze 114/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 303 Byongeye kandi, aho bimwe mu bika bivuga imiterere imwe y’uburyozwacyaha, nko gutegeka, binavuga ibikorwa by’ingenzi bishobora gutuma, biramutse bigaragajwe, Uregwa yaryozwa n’icyaha hashingiwe ku yindi miterere y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi, nk’uko Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwabigenje mu rubanza rwa Gacumbitsi693. « ategeka » Interahamwe kumwica); igika 24 (Gatete « yategetse » abantu kugaba ibitero, « arabibahamagarira» kandi atanga imodoka zo kuborohereza muri ibyo bitero); igika 25 (Gatete « yategetse » Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsi no kubica); igika 26 (N’uwo hatavugwa imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha, havugwa ko abantu bitwaraga gisirikare, babibwirijwe na Gatete, bishe abantu 400); igika 27 (N’ubwo hatavugwa imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha, havugwa ko Gatete n’abandi bantu bakoresheje inama); igika 28 (n’ubwo hatavugwa imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha, havugwa ko Gatete yagiye mu nama y’umutekano); igika 36 (Gatete « yategetse » abapolisi n’Interahamwe gukora ubwicanyi); igika 37 (N’ubwo hatavugwa imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha, havugwa ko Gatete n’abandi bantu « bishe » Mulinda); igika 38 (Gatete « yategetse » Interahamwe kwica Butare); igika 40 (Gatete «yagize uruhare » mu gikorwa cyo gutwara Interahamwe mu mamodoka, « azitegeka », kandi « azihamagarira » gusambanya ku gahato. Cyakora, nta buryo

bw’uburyozwacyaha buvugwa mu buryo bweruye); igika 41 (n’ubwo hatavugwa imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha, havugwa ko Gatete « yatwaye » mu modoka abasirikare bitwaje intwaro maze « akagaba igitero » kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange); igika 42 (Gatete « yategekaga » Interahamwe); igika 43 (Gatete yabwiye ijambo Interahamwe « azitegeka » kandi « azihamagarira » gukora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato n’itsembatsemba). 693 Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’ibirego; igika 13 (kivuga ko Gatete « yacuze umugambi » kandi «agategeka [abantu gukora ibyaha]». Cyakora hanavugwa ko « yakoranyije » Interahamwe, « akajya mu gikorwa cyo gufunga imihanda », agatanga amalisiti y’Abatutsi bagombaga guhagarikwa ku mabariyeri); igika 14 (kivuga « guhamagarira » cyakora kikanavuga ko Gatete yakoresheje inama kugira ngo «atange intwaro »); igika 15 (kivuga « gutegeka » ariko kikanavuga ko Gatete «yagize uruhare mu gikorwa cyo gutwara Interahamwe mu modoka» ndetse ko yari ahari igihe ubwicanyi bwarimo gukorwa); igika 16 (kivuga ko Gatete « yahamagariye » abantu gukora ubwicanyi kandi «agategeka ko ubwicanyi bukorwa » ); igika 19 (kivuga ko Gatete « yategetse » ariko kikanasobanura ko « yahagarikiye ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi no gusambanya ku gahato byakorewe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kandi « akabyitabira »); igika 23 (Gatete « yahamagariye » Interahamwe kandi « azitegeka » gukora 113/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 304 569. Urugereko rusanga iyo usomye Inyandiko y’ibirego yose nk’umubumbe, bigaragara ko Porokireri atagarukiye gusa ku miterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha ivugwa mu bika bimwe bisobanura mu magambo arambuye ibyabaye, ko ahubwo aho bishoboka yashakaga gushingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha iteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 (1) nk’uko bivugwa mu gika cya 9 cy’iriburiro ndetse no mu bindi bika by’iriburiro birebana n’ibyaha binyuranye694. Mu by’ukuri, ibi byemezwa n’imyanzuro Porokireri yatanze nyuma yo gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse igaragaza neza ko Porokireri ashingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi iteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati. By’umwihariko, Porokireri avuga ko Gatete yari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, ku byerekeranye n’ibirego byose bikubiye mu Nyandikoy’ibirego, birimo bitatu byose Urugereko rwasanze byaragara- gajwe695. ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato n’ubwicanyi); igika 24 (Gatete yategetse kandi ahamagarira abantu kugaba ibitero ndetse atanga n’imodoka zo kuboroherereza muri ibyo bitero). 694 Reba n’Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 10-11 (jenoside no kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside); igika 30 (itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu); igika 33 (ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu); igika 39 (gusambanya ku gahato

nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu). 695 Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, igika 7 (« …Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rufite ububasha bwo gufata umwanzuro uvuga ko imitere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwayaha ivugwa mu ngingo ya 6 (1) ikoreshwa…. Bityo yifashishije Ingingo ya 6 (1) Porokireri yamenyesheje Ubwunganizi ko ashobora gushingira ku mitere imwe cyangwa nyinshi y’uburyozwacyaha butaziguye bw’umuntu nka gatozi».). Muri rusange, Reba n’ibika 8-25 (bivuga imiterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha iteganywa mu ngingo ya 6 (1), by’umwihariko ku byerekeranye n’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho; reba igika 18 (« Porokireri avuga ko ibikorwa bya Gatete, nk’uko bivugwa mu birego byose byo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, byakozwe mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho…. »); igika 19 (Abari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho bari basangiye intego, umugambi cyangwa igitekerezo cyo kurimbura ubwoko bw’Abatutsi, babica, babaca ingingo z’umubiri kandi banabasambanya ku gahato nk’uko bivugwa kuva ku 112/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 305 570. Byongeye kandi, n’ubwo mu mpinamyanzuro ye Porokireri agaragaza neza ko « gukora » [icyaha] ari yo miterere y’uburyozwacyaha ikwiye gukoreshwa kurusha iyindi ku byaha byose biregerwa, ntahagararira gusa kuri iyo miterere y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka kirego cya 1 kugera ku cya 3 by’Inyandiko y’ibirego »). Ku byerekeranye n’ibivugwa byose byagaragajwe, reba Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 33 (kivuga ku nama yabereye i Rwankuba mu mutwe wiswe « gucura umugambi »); ibika 37-38 (bivuga ku nama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu mutwe wiswe « guhamagarira, gutegeka, gukora, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, gufasha no gushishikariza abantu gukora jenoside »); igika 41 (kivuga ku bwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro mu mutwe wiswe « guhamagarira, gutegeka abantu gukora jenoside , kuyikora, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, gushyigikira abokora icyo cyaha»); igika 42 (kivuga «gucura umugambi, guhamagarira, gutegeka, cyangwa gukora ubwicanyi i Kiziguro »); igika 46 (kivuga ku bwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Muarange mu mutwe wiswe «guhamagarira, gutegeka, gukora, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, gufasha no gushishikariza abantu gukora jenoside »). Urugereko rusanga Porokireri atavuga yeruye ku « gucura umugambi » nk’imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha ku

byerekeranye n’uruhare rwa Gatete mu bwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Ibyo ari byo byose, rumaze gusoma Inyandiko y’ibirego muri rusange, rumaze kandi kuzirikana ibivugwa kuva ku gika cya 9 kugera ku cya 11, ruzirikana n’inyandiko Porokireri yatanze nyuma y’Inyandiko y’ibirego, Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi bwaramenyeshejwe ko, ku byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, gucura umugambi ari kimwe mu byaha Porokireri yashinjaga Gatete. Kuri iyi ngingo, reba Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 9 (kivuga imiterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha iteganywa n’Ingingo ya 6 (1), irimo gucura umugambi); igika 12 (gishinja Gatete ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, kikanavuga Burugumesitiri Senkware, wari kumwe na Gatete kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, nk’umuntu bafatanyije muri icyo cyaha); igika 22 (ibikorwa by’ingenzi bigize icyaha bivugwamo, by’umwihariko ko Gatete ari kumwe na Senkware, yatwaye abasirikare bitwaje intwaro, maze bose hamwe bakagaba igitero kuri paruwasi, bishaka kwerekana ko hagomba kuba hari urwego runaka rwo gucura umugambi); Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, Umugereka wometseho w’Incamake y’ubuhamya bwa BVR (Gatete, Senkware, Gashumba, Uwimana n’abandi bantu bagiye mu nama yabereye kwa Kanyangoga maze bafata icyemezo cyo kugaba igitero kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange); Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 33 (kivuga ku gitero cyo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange mu mutwe wiswe « gucura umugambi »). 111/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 306 gatozi696. Na none, mu Myanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse, ku byerekeranye n’ibirego byose bikubiye mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Porokireri ashingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha, irimo « gukora » icyaha mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho697. 696 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 3 (« Gatete … ashinjwa ibyaha bitandatu: …, byose bikomoka ku bikorwa bitandatu bihanirwa tuvuga ko yabikoranye n’abandi bantu mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho…. »); urup. 5 (« tuzabasaba kumuryoza icyaha nka gatozi… hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1), kubera ko yakoze ibyaha ashinjwa. Ahangaha, nimunyemerere nshimangire imiterere yo « gukora » icyaha iteganywa n’Ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, yagombye kuzakoreshwa mu cyemezo cya nyuma ku byerekeranye n’ibirego ashinjwa, kubera ko iyo miterere ari yo igaragaza neza ukuntu Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha »); urup. 6 (« Nk’uko bivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yakorewe Gatete kandi bikanasobanurwa birambuye mu myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse, dushingiye ku byabaye twagaragaje mu rubanza kandi dushingiye no ku bukemuramanza bw’inkiko, turaza gusaba Urugereko kwemeza ko Uregwa ahamwa no « gukora » ibyaha kubera ko yabicuriye umugambi, agategeka kandi agahamagarira abandi kubikora, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, agashyigikira ababikoze, mu rwego rwo gushyira mu

bikorwa umugambi mubisha abantu bari bahurijeho igitekerezo, ni ukuvuga igitekerezo Uregwa yari asangiye n’abantu batsotsobye ibyo byaha …. Nk’uko bivugwa mu kuri mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, …, imyanzuro y’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo muri urwo rubanza ntisobanura neza uburyozwacyaha bw’Uregwa, akaba ari na yo mpamvu Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko yakoze icyaha, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1). Dushingiye kuri ibyo bintu, natwe twemeza…., ko nta kundi ibikorwa byose bya Gatete mu bwicanyi maze kuvuga mu kanya byasobanurwa uretse kuvuga ko « yakoze » ibyo byaha »). Urugereko rusanga Porokireri ashingira ku gisobanuro cyaguye cyo gukora icyaha hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1), nk’uko gisobanurwa mu rubanza rwa Gacumbitsi n’urwa Seromba (reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 60; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 161), no gukora icyaha mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho, ku byerekeranye n’ibirego byose biri mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. 697 Imyanzuro nsozazarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 133 («N’ubwo Porokireri ashingira, mbere na mbere, ku miterere y’ibanze y’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho … kugira ngo agaragaze ko Gatete yakoze ibyaha ashinjwa, ntibimubuza kuba yashingira no ku yindi miterere y’uburyozwacyaha ivugwa mu ngingo ya 6 (1) haramutse hari ibyabaye bishyigikira iyo miterere yindi. Byumvikane ariko ko Urugereko rufite ububasha busesuye bwo guhitamo imiterere runaka rubona isobanura neza kurushaho uburyozwacyaha bw’Uregwa ».); igika 138 (« …rutitaye ku 110/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 307 571. Mu gusoza kuri iyi ngingo, Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi butaragize ikintu na kimwe bunenga ku byerekeranye n’imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu nka gatozi Porokireri ashingiraho698.

572. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga Inyandiko y’ibirego n’inyandiko Porokireri yatanze nyuma y’Inyandiko y’ibirego zaramenyesheje Ubwunganizi mu gihe gikwiye, mu buryo ihange rya Porokireri rivuga ku miterere y’uburyozwacyaha bwa Gatete (cyangwa « kugira uruhare »), Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rufite ububasha bwo gufata umwanzuro uvuga ko imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha ivugwa mu ngingo ya 6 (1) ikoreshwa, bityo rukemeza ko Gatete ahamwa n’iyo miterere yihariye y’uburyozwacyaha. Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1), Ubwunganizi bwamenyeshejwe ko imwe cyangwa myinshi mu miterere y’uburyozwacyaha ishobora gukoreshwa »); ibika 139-147 (bivuga ku miterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha iteganywa n’Ingingo ya 6 (1). Ku byerekeranye n’ibivugwa byagaragajwe, reba igika 31 (kivuga ku nama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba mu mutwe wiswe « gucura umugambi »); igika 32 (kivuga ku nama yakozwe hagamijwe gutegura ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, mu mutwe wiswe « gucura umugambi »); igika 38 (kivuga ku nama yo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, mu mutwe wiswe « guhamagarira no gutegeka abantu gukora jenoside, kuyikora ubwe, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, gushyigikira abayikora»); igika 41 (kivuga ku bwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, mu mutwe wiswe « guhamagarira no gutegeka abandi gukora jenoside, kuyikora ubwe, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose,

gushyigikira abayikora »); igika 42 (kivuga ko habayeho gucura umugambi wo gukora icyaha ku byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, guhamamagarira gutegeka abandi kubukora); igika 43 (kivuga ku bwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange mu mutwe wiswe « guhamagarira no gutegeka abantu gukora jenoside , kuyikora ubwe, cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, gushyigikira abayikoze» kandi gitanga amakuru arambuye ku mugambi mubisha uhuriweho). 698 Reba Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi; inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 7-12; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’ababuranyi mu magambo, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Ugushyingo 2010, imp. 39-63. Urugereko rusanga Ubwunganizi burwanya ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, nta bisobanuro, ko ngo « abandi bantu batazwi »bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Cyakora, Urugereko ntirufata umwanzuro ku birebana n’abo bantu. 109/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 308 bwumvikana kandi budahuzagurika, ko yari gushingira ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha, harimo no gukora icyaha mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho, ku byerekeranye n’ibirego byose biri mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. Kubera ibyo rero, aho bigomba, mu myanzuro yarwo yo mu rwego rw’amategeko, Urugereko rurasuzuma imiterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha bw’Uregwa nka gatozi hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1). 1.3 Amategeko akurikizwa 573. «Gucura umugambi » bisaba ko umuntu umwe cyangwa benshi bategura igikorwa kibisha kigize icyaha kimwe cyangwa byinshi biteganywa na Sitati, noneho kikaza gukorwa nyuma699. Birahagije kugaragaza gusa ko gucura umugambi byagize uruhare rukomeye muri icyo gikorwa kibisha700. Igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha [mens rea] kuri iyi miterere y’uburyozwacyaha ni igitekerezo cyo gucura umugambi wo gukora icyaha cyangwa nibura, kuba umuntu azi ko ibyo bikorwa cyangwa guteshuka gukora icyo ashinzwe, mu buryo bwagambiriwe, bishobora rwose gutuma icyaha gikorwa701. 574. «Guhamagarira » bivuga gutuma undi muntu akora icyaha702. Si ngombwa kugaragaza ko icyaha kiba kitarakozwe iyo uregwa atabigiramo uruhare. Birahagije gusa kugaragaza ko 699 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 479, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 26. 700 Inyandiko

y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 479, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 26. 701 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 479, hasubiwramo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, ibika 29, 31. 702 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 480, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 117; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 27. 108/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 309 guhamagarira abantu gukora icyaha byagize uruhare runini ku myitwarire y’undi muntu wakoze icyo cyaha703. Kuri iyi miterere y’uburyozwacyaha, igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha [mens rea] ni igitekerezo cyo guhamagarira undi muntu gukora icyaha cyangwa, nibura, kuba umuntu azi ko ibyo bikorwa cyangwa guteshuka gukora igitegetswe, bishobora rwose gutuma icyaha cyahamagariwe gikorwa 704. 575. «Gutegeka» gukora icyaha bisaba ko umuntu ufite umwanya w’ubutegetsi ategeka undi muntu gukora icyaha. Si ngombwa kugaragaza ko uregwa yari akuriye umuntu wakoze icyaha ku buryo buzwi. Birahagije kugaragaza gusa ko uregwa yari afite umwanya w’ubutegetsi washoboraga gutuma ategeka undi muntu gukora icyaha. Ubutegetsi butuma umuntu aba akuriye abandi nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati bushobora kuba budashingiye ku mategeko cyangwa ari ubw’igihe gito705.

576. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko gukora icyaha ari mbere na mbere, kugitsotsoba (umuntu afite igitekerezo cyo kugikora) cyangwa guteshuka gukora igikorwa giteganywa n’amategeko nshinjabyaha706. Nk’uko byasobanuwe, « Gukora icyaha » binakubiyemo uburyo butatu bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho: uburyo bw’ibanze, uburyo buri kuri 703 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 480, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 129; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 27. 704 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 480, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, ibika 29, 32. 705 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2008, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 361, 363. 706 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 478. 107/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 310 gahunda n’uburyo bwaguye707. Porokireri avuga ko ashingira gusa ku buryo bw’ibanze n’ubwaguye bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho708. Nk’uko rubivuga mu myanzuro yarwo yo mu rwego rw’amategeko, Urugereko rusanga uburyo bw’ibanze ari bwo bukwiye muri uru rubanza.

577. Nk’uko bivugwa mu bukemuramanza bumenyerewe, igikorwa kigize icyaha kuri buri buryo bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho kigizwe n’ibintu bitatu709. Icya mbere, hagomba kuba hari abantu berenze umwe. Si ngombwa ko baba bakorera mu rwego rwa gisirikare, rwa politiki cyangwa rw’ubutegetsi. Icya kabiri, hagomba kuba hari umugambi uhuriweho ufatwa ngo gukora icyaha kimwe giteganywa na Sitati cyangwa ufitanye isano n’icyo cyaha gikorwa. Si ngombwa byanze bikunze ko uwo mugambi uba warabanje kugibwaho inama cyangwa gutegurwa. Ushobora kubaho mu buryo buhutiyeho kandi ukagaragarira mu bintu byabaye. Icya gatatu, ni ngombwa ko uregwa aba yaragize uruhare mu mugambi uhuriweho, kandi urwo ruhare rukaba rufitanye isano n’ikorwa rya kimwe mu byaha biteganywa na Sitati. Si ngombwa ko urwo ruhare rw’uregwa ruba, 707 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 386, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 82-83; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, ibika 463-465; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, ibika 96-99; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krnojelac mu bujurire, igika 30. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 478; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu bujurire, igika 364. 708 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 9; Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 17;

Imyanzuro nsozazarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 22. Porokireri avuga ko ibikorwa bya Gatete, nk’uko bisobanurwa mu birego byose by’Inyandiko y’ibirego, byakozwe mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Reba Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 18. 709 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 387, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 96; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 466; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, igika 100; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krnojelac mu bujurire, igika 31. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu bujurire, igika 364. 106/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 311 byanze bikunze, gukora icyaha runaka mu biteganywa mu mategeko (nk’urugero: ubuhotozi, itsembatsemba, urugaraguro, cyangwa gusambanya ku gahato). Cyakora, urwo ruhare rushobora kuba gufasha abandi cyangwa gutanga inkunga mu gushyira mu bikorwa umugambi uhuriweho. N’ubwo uruhare rw’uregwa mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho rutagomba, byanze bikunze, kuba ari ngombwa cyangwa runini, rugomba nibura kuba rwaratumye, ku buryo bugaragara, hakorwa ibyaha aryozwa710.

578. Igitekerezo cya ngombwa cyo gukora icyaha [mens rea] kuri buri buryo bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho kigenda gihinduka. Uburyo bw’ibanze busaba ko habaho igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha runaka, kandi icyo gitekerezo kikaba gihuriweho n’abantu bose bafatanyije gukora icyaha711. Iyo icyaha gisaba igitekerezo cyihariye, nk’igitekerezo cyo kuvangura, uregwa, nk’umwe mu bagize umugambi mubisha uhuriweho, agomba kuba asangiye na bagenzi be icyo gitekerezo cyihariye712. 710 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu bujurire, igika 303, hasubirwmao ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu bujurire, igika 430. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 90 (« Iyo uwashyigikiye uwakoze icyaha azi ko inkunga ye ifasha umuntu umwe gukora icyaha kimwe, aryozwa gusa ko yashyigikiye uwo muntu mu gukora icyo cyaha. Ni na ko bigenda iyo gatozi w’icyaha yari umwe mu bagize umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wakozwemo ibindi byaha. Cyakora, iyo uregwa azi ko inkunga ye ifasha mu byaha by’agatsiko k’abantu bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho kandi akaba asangiye na bo icyo gitekerezo, icyo gihe ashobora kuryozwa ibyaha byakozwe mu rwego rw’uwo mugambi mubisha uhuriweho »); Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, igika 102; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Tadić mu bujurire, igika 229. 711 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 388, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 467; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, igika 101; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krnojelac mu bujurire, igika 32. 712 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 388, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 109-110. 105/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 312 579. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko umuntu w’icyitso [ushyigikira gatozi w’icyaha] akora ibikorwa bigamije by’umwihariko gufasha, gushishikaza, cyangwa gutera akanyabugabo mu ikorwa rw’icyaha runaka cyihariye. Ibyo bikorwa kandi bigomba kugira uruhare runini mu ikorwa ry’icyo cyaha713. Si ngombwa ko igikorwa kigize icyaha [actus reus] gikorwa n’icyitso kibanziriza icyaha nyirizina. Icyo gikorwa gishobora kuba mbere y’uko icyaha cy’ibanze gikorwa, mu gihe cyakorwaga cyangwa nyuma yacyo714. Igitekerezo cya ngombwa [mens rea] ku cyaha cyo gushyigikira gatozi w’icyaha ni ukumenya ko ibikorwa umuntu akora bifasha gatozi gukora icyaha runaka715. Iyo ari ibyaha bisaba igitekerezo cyihariye nko gutoteza cyangwa jenoside, ushyigikira gatozi agomba kuba azi igitekerezo cyihariye cya gatozi716.

580. Mu myanzuro yarwo yo mu rwego rw’amategeko, Urugereko rurasuzuma, aho ari ngombwa, iyi miterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha. 713 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2009, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blagojević na Jokić mu bujurire, igika 127; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simić mu bujurire, igika 85; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blaškić mu bujurire, ibika 45-46; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, igika 102; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 370. 714 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2009, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blagojević na Jokić mu bujurire, igika 127; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blaškić mu bujurire, igika 48; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simić mu bujurire, igika 85; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 372. 715 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2009, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blagojević na Jokić mu bujurire, igika 127; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simić mu bujurire, igika 86; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, igika 102; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blaškić mu bujurire, igika 46; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 370. 716 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2009, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blagojević na Jokić mu bujurire, igika 127. 104/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 313 2.

JENOSIDE 2.1 Intangiriro 581. Mu kirego cya 1 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete aryozwa icyaha cya jenoside, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (3)(a) ya Sitati. 2.2 Amategeko akurikizwa 582. Kugira ngo uregwa ahamwe n’icyaha cya jenoside, ni ngombwa kugaragaza ko yakoze kimwe mu bikorwa bivugwa mu ngingo ya 2 (2) ya Sitati, afite igitekerezo cyihariye cyo kurimbura abantu bose bagize itsinda, cyangwa igice cyabo, abaziza icyo bari cyo. Iryo tsinda risobanurwa nk’aho ari kimwe mu byiciro by’abantu barinzwe ni ukuvuga abantu bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ku bwoko, cyangwa ku idini717. N’ubwo hatagenwe umubare fatizo w’abantu agomba kuba yarishe, uwakoze icyaha agomba kuba yari yaritswemo n’igitekerezo cyo kurimbura nibura igice kinini cy’abantu bagize iryo tsinda718. Si ngombwa ko uwakoze icyaha aba afite gusa umugambi mubisha wo gukora jenoside. 717 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2115, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 492, 496, 522-523; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu bujurire, igika 48; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 39; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu rw’iremezo, ibika 681, 695. 718 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2115, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 175; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 44; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 412; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 316. 103/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 314 Byongeye kandi, kuba afite indi mpamvu ze bwite ntibimubuza kuba yagira igitekerezo cyihariye cyo gukora jenoside719.

583. Iyo nta bimenyetso bitaziguye bihari, igitekerezo uregwa yari afite cyo gukora jenoside gishobora kugaragarira mu bikorwa bimwe n’ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kwerekana, nta gushidikanya, ko yari afite icyo gitekerezo. Muri ibyo bintu bishobora kugaragaza igitekerezo cyihariye harimo uko ibintu byari byifashe muri rusange, ikorwa ry’ibindi byaha byibasiye, kuri gahunda, iryo tsinda, ingano y’amarorerwa yakozwe, kwibasira, biri kuri gahunda, abakorewe ibyaha bazizwa ko bagize itsinda runaka cyangwa gukora kenshi ibikorwa birimbura kandi bivangura720.

584. Porokireri arega Gatete kuba yarishe Abatutsi akanabateza ububabare buzahaza umubiri cyangwa mu mutwe. Urugereko rwasanze nta muburanyi uhakana ko Abatutsi ari itsinda rirengerwa mu mategeko721. Kugira ngo hagaragazwe ko habayeho ubwicanyi bwibasiye 719 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2115, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu bujurire, igika 269, Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, ibika 302-304; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu bujurire, ibika 48-54; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krnojelac mu bujurire, igika 102, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Jelisić mu bujurire, igika 49. 720 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2116, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 176, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu rw’iremezo, igika 320; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 524-525; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu bujurire, igika 264; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, ibika 40-41; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rutaganda mu bujurire, igika 525; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 262, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Jelisić mu bujurire, igika 47; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu bujurire, ibika 147-148. 721 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba Urugereko kwemeza ibintu ababuranyi batagomba kujyaho impaka, 21 Kanama 2009 ibika 12-13, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Rubanza rwa Karemera na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku 102/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 315 abantu bagize iryo tsinda, ni ngombwa kwerekana ko gatozi yishe abigambiriye umuntu umwe cyangwa abantu benshi bo muri iryo tsinda722. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze amagambo « ububabare buzahaza umubiri cyangwa mu mutwe » adasobanurwa muri Sitati, kandi n’imiterere y’ububabare ntisobanurwa bihagije723. Ingero z’ububabare buzahaza umubiri ni nk’ibikorwa by’urugaraguro, gusambanya ku gahato, urugomo rugamije gutera ukorerwa icyaha ubusembwa ku mubiri cyangwa kumukomeretsa bikomeye ku ngingo z’umubiri zo hanze cyangwa iz’imbere mu mubiri724. Ububabare buzahaza mu mutwe burimo ibintu «birenze gutera umuntu ubumuga bwo mu mutwe budakomeye cyangwa bw’igihe gito nko gutera umuntu ubwoba bwinshi cyangwa igihunga, kumushyiraho ibikangisho cyangwa iterabwoba »725. Kugira ngo uregwa ahamwe n’icyaha cya jenoside, abantu bagize itsinda bagomba kuba baratewe ububabare bujurire bwa Porokireri ku Cyemezo cyerekeranye n’ibintu bitagomba kugibwaho impaka (Urugereko rw’ubujurire), 16 Kamena 2006, igika 25; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 192. 722 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2117, havugwamo Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 414, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu bujurire, igika 151. 723 Inyandiko

y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 46. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu rw’iremezo. Muri urwo rubanza, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo ruvuga ko « uko ‘gutera ububabare buzahaza mu mutwe’bigomba gusobanurwa kuri buri gikorwa kirebana na bwo hashingiwe ku bukemuramanza bujyanye n’ibyo bintu». Ni kimwe no haruguru, ibika 110, 113. 724 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 46, hasubirwamo ibivugwa m Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 320, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu rw’iremezo, igika 109; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 664. 725 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 46, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu rw’iremezo, igika 815, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu rw’iremezo, igika 110; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 321. 101/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 316 buzahaza umubiri cyangwa mu mutwe bukomeye cyane ku buryo ubwo bubabare bushobora gutuma abo bantu bose cyangwa igice cyabo barimbuka726. 2.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 2.3.1 Inama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku ya 7 Mata 1994 585. Mu myanzuro yarwo ishingiye ku byabaye, Urugereko rwasanze mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Interahamwe zigera kuri 20 na Konseye Jean Bizimungu barateraniye mu mbuga y’ibiro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Nyuma yaho, Gatete yageze aho hantu ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Jean de Dieu Mwange. Hashize akanya gato, haje ikamyoneti itwaye Interahamwe n’umupolisi wa komine. Ku mbuga y’ibiro bya segiteri hari hakoraniye Interahamwe zigera kuri 40. Gatete yahaye izo Nterahamwe amabwiriza yo gutangira kwica Abatutsi, azibwira ko zigomba « gukora nta kujenjeka». Mbere yo kuva aho hantu, Gatete yatanze andi amabwiriza yo « gukangurira » n’abandi bantu ubwicanyi. Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Interahamwe zahawe amabwiriza na Gatete zagiye mu bwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi kandi ko abantu bari bateraniye mu mbuga bagiye gushaka inkunga yo kugaba ibitero byagiye bikaza umurego uko amasaha yahitaga, kugeza ubwo byitabiriwe n’abasirikare, abapolisi n’abasiviri b’Abahutu. Urugereko rwasanze ibyo bitero byarahitanye nibura Abatutsi bari hagati ya 25 na 30, barimo abantu 10 bo mu

muryango w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BBR. Resiponsabule [wa serire] w’Umututsi witwaga Damascène Macali na we yaguye mu gitero cyagabwe hafi y’urugo rwe. 726 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 46, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu rw’iremezo, igika 184; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krajišnik mu rw’iremezo, igika 862; Raporo ya Komisiyo y’Amategeko Mpuzamahanga ku Mirimo y’Inama yayo ya 48, 6 Gicurasi - 26 Nyakanga 1996, UN GAOR International Law Commission, 51st Sess., Supp. No 10, p. 91, UN Doc. A/51/10 (1996). 100/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 317 586. Urugereko rusanga harabayeho imyiteguro ikomeye kugira ngo Interahamwe na Konseye Bizimungu bateranire ku biro bya segiteri, Gatete ahagere ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange, noneho Interahamwe na zo zihagere muri ako kanya, hakurikireho ibitero byibasiye Abatutsi bo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, byakomeje kugenda bikara uko igihe cyahitaga kandi bikagabwa n’abantu b’ingeri zitandukanye. Iyo bidategurwa neza, ibyo bintu ntibyari gushoboka. Byongeye kandi, kuba hari abategetsi bo muri ako karere nka Konseye Bizimungu na Burugumesitiri Mwange, ndetse n’umuntu ukomeye nka Gatete, wari wubashywe kandi azwi cyane muri Komine ya Murambi kuko yari yarigeze kuba burugumesitiri w’iyo komine ndetse akaba yarakoraga muri minisiteri, byatumye Interahamwe zumva neza icyo zigomba gukora ndetse bizitera akanyabugabo mbere y’ibitero727.

587. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze igisobanuro kimwe rukumbi gishyize mu gaciro cy’ukuntu bashoboye guteranira hamwe nyuma bakagaba ibitero ku Batutsi, ari uko 727 Nk’urugero, reba BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 19 (Gatete yari umuntu ufite ububasha); LA41, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 5 (mu mwaka wa 1994, Gatete yakoraga muri Ministeri y’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Abategarugori), urup. 10 (Gatete yari yarigeze kuba burugumesitiri ukora cyane); LA43, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 59 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri ukora cyane); Urubanza rwa Karemera, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 21 (Abaturage bari bazi Gatete bakanamuvugisha kenshi kubera ko yari yarigeze kuyobora Komine ya Murambi » igihe kirekire); LA16, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup. 60 (Gatete yafatwaga nk’« umuyobozi» n’« umutegetsi », kuko yari yarigeze kuba burugumesitiri kandi n’igihe atari akiri kuri uwo mwanya, abantu bakomeje kumwubaha no kumufata nk’« umutegetsi »); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 56 (Gatete yari azwi cyane nk’umuntu wahoze ari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi); Urubanza rwa Ndayambaje, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 8 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri ukora cyane); Majoro, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 24 Werurwe 2010, urup. 27 (Gatete yari umutegetsi wubashywe kandi ufite ijambo); Karushya, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 34-35 (Gatete yari umuntu ufite ijambo kuko yari umutegetsi wari warigeze kuba burugumesitiri). Reba icyiciro cya I.3. 99/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 318 habanje kubaho gahunda no guhuza ibikorwa. Kugira ngo Interahamwe zihurire hamwe, hanyuma hakurikireho ibitero, byasabaga byanze bikunze ko abantu benshi babigiramo uruhare, kandi abo bantu barimo Gatete, Burugumesitiri Mwange, Konseye Bizimungu, n’Interahamwe. Uko Urugereko rubibona, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko Gatete yafatanyije na bariya bantu bandi kugira ngo bakoranye abantu bo kugaba ibitero. Byongeye kandi, kuba hari n’abategetsi bo muri ako gace, ni ukuvuga burugumesitiri na konseye, byatumye abantu bumva ko ubwicanyi bwakuriyeho bwari bushyigikiwe n’ubutegetsi. Urugereko rusanze harabayeho umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wo kwica Abatutsi bo muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba728.

588. Mu by’ukuri, hari ahandi hantu Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete yumvikanye na bariya bantu kugira ngo bice Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba (III.4.3.i). Urugereko kandi rusanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko hatabaye ubwumvikane gusa, ko ahubwo hari n’umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Kubera uruhare rukomeye Gatete yagize mu gukoranya abantu n’amabwiriza ataziguye yahaye abagabaga ibitero, Urugereko rusanga, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ari uvuga ko Gatete ari mu bantu bacuze uwo mugambi.

589. Kuba Gatete yari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho bigaragazwa no kuba yaraje aho hantu abantu bari bateraniye ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange ndetse n’amabwiriza yakurikiyeho yo kwica Abatutsi. Nk’umuntu wari uzwi cyane kandi wubashywe muri 728 Urugereko rusanga mu gika cya 7 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego harimo ahantu havugwa Jean de Dieu Mwange, Jean Bizimungu n’Interahamwe nk’abantu bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, ndetse n’abasirikare bo muri FAR n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare. 98/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 319 Komine ya Murambi, by’umwihariko muri Segiteri avukamo ya Rwankuba, kuba yari ari ku biro bya segiteri, ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Mwange, byashishikaje Interahamwe kandi bizitera akanyabugabo. Bigaragaza kandi ko yari ashyigikiye ubwicanyi bwakurikiyeho. Kuba Gatete yari umuntu ukomeye ndetse, muri rusange, ufite ububasha na byo byaba byarashishikaje Konseye Bizimungu waje nyuma kugaragara ari kumwe n’Interahamwe bajya ahitwa Mumpara kandi aho hantu ni ho haje guturuka igitero729. Urugereko rusanga rero ibikorwa bya Gatete byaragize uruhare rukomeye kandi rugaragara mu bwicanyi. Rusanga kandi umwanya w’ubutegetsi Gatete yari afite ndetse n’amategeko ataziguye yatanze yo kwica Abatutsi no « gukora nta kujenjeka» bishobora kuba byaratumye Interahamwe zumva ko byanze bikunze zigomba gukora ubwicanyi.

590. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rusanze, nta gushidikanya, Gatete yari asangiye n’abandi bantu umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, kubera ko yari mu nama yo ku itariki ya 7 Mata, no kubera amagambo yavuze yeruye, nk’uko byibukijwe na BBR (« nimutangire gukora, kandi iyo mvuga gukora mba nshaka kuvuga kwica Abatutsi » kandi « mukore mutajenjeka »). Na none, ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko abasiviri b’Abatutsi bibasiwe mu minsi yakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana kandi ko guhera ku itariki ya 7 Mata, Abatutsi bagabweho ibitero muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Kubera uko kuntu ibintu byari byifashe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko abagabaga ibitero bakoze ubwicanyi bari bafite igitekerezo cyo kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo. Abantu bose 729 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Ugushyingo 2009, imp. 7-8, 25-27. 97/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 320 bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, barimo na Gatete, bari basangiye icyo gitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside730.

591. Muri make, Urugereko rusanze Uregwa agomba kuryozwa, nka gatozi, ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba muri Mata 1994. Kugira ngo rubashe kumenya imiterere imwe cyangwa myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha ikwiranye kurushaho n’imyitwarire ya Gatete, Urugereko ruributsa ko Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko ari ngombwa gusobanura ku buryo butarimo urujijo, imiterere n’ingano by’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu uhamwe n’icyaha731. Rwemeje kandi ko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo 730 Mu gufata uwo mwanzuro, Urugereko rwasuzumye ibimenyetso bivuga ko Gatete yabanaga neza n’Abatutsi n’ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ko adashobora rero kuba yarakoze jenoside. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 8, 12-15, 23, 57, 256, 1121-1123, 1126. Cyakora, yari mu nama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba hamwe n’Interahamwe, kandi yatanze amategeko yeruye yo kwica Abatutsi. Uko Urugereko rubibona, kubera uko ibintu byari bimeze icyo gihe n’umwanya yari afite nk’umutegetsi, ubwo yahamagariraga Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi, yagombaga kuba azi ibyari gukurikiraho. N’iyo umuntu yakwemera ibyo Ubwunganizi buvuga ko yabanaga neza n’Abatutsi, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uko mu byo yakoze icyo gihe yari afite igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka mu bujurire, ibika 232-233. 731 Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 122 («

N’ubwo uregwa ashobora guhamwa n’icyaha kimwe hashingiwe ku miterere myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha, ibindi byemezo byo kumuhamya ibyaha hashingiwe ku miterere myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha, ntibijyana, muri rusange, n’ihame rivuga ko imikirize y’urubanza igomba gusobanura neza ingano y’uburyozwacyaha bw’uregwa. Mu byo iryo hame risaba harimo ko igihano kigomba kuba kijyanye n’ibyaha byose umuntu yahamijwe. Ibyaha byose byahama umuntu biterwa n’igikorwa kigize icyaha [actus reus] ndetse n’igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha [mens rea] yari afite. Imiterere y’uburyozwacyaha ishobora kongera (nk’urugero, gukora icyaha umuntu afite igitekerezo kitaziguye) cyangwa kugabanya (nk’urugero, gushyigikira umuntu mu gukora icyaha uzi ko icyo cyaha gishobora gukorwa) uburemere bw’icyaha. Uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu uhamwe n’icyaha bugomba rero kugaragazwa neza». (Ibyakomowe ahandi ntibyasubiwemo). 96/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 321 rushobora gukomatanyiriza hamwe imiterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha aho bibaye ngombwa, kugira ngo rurusheho gusobanura imyitwarire mibisha y’uregwa732.

592. Muri uru rubanza, Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Gatete yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gucura umugambi wo gukora ubwicanyi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Yashishikaje abagabaga ibitero, anagira uruhare rukomeye kandi rugaragara mu bwicanyi kubera ko yari aho hantu bwabereye ari kumwe n’abategetsi bo muri ako gace ndetse agatanga amabwiriza yeruye yo kwica Abatutsi. Kubera ububasha yari afite ndetse akaba yari n’aho hantu, abagabaga ibitero bumvise ko bagomba byanze bikunze gukora ubwicanyi. Ibimenyetso binagaragaza ko hari umugambi mubisha uhuriweho mu buryo 732 Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 122 (uregwa ashobora guhamwa n’icyaha kimwe hashingiwe ku miterere myinshi y’uburyozwacyaha); igika 123 (havugwamo ko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwashakaga gushimangira ko kugira ngo imyitwarire y’uregwa isobanurwe neza ni ngombwa kuvuga ku miterere inyuranye y’uburyozwacyaha ku buryo bukomatanyije); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 204 (hibutswamo ko Uregwa yagize uruhare runini mu gucura umugambi w’icyaha, guhamagarira no gutegeka abandi kugikora, kugikora ubwe, no kubibashyigikiramo ku birebana na jenoside n’itsembatsemba byakorewe muri Komine ya Rusumo, aho Abatutsi babarirwa mu bihumbi biciwe cyangwa bagaterwa ububare bukomeye). Mu rubanza rwa Kamuhanda, ku bwiganze bw’amajwi y’abacamanza, Urugereko

rw’Ubujurire rwasanze « kuba yarategetse » bisobanura neza imyitwarire mibisha ye. Cyakora, reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kamuhanda mu bujurire, Igitekerezo cyihariye kandi gitandukanye n’icy’abandi kuri bimwe cy’Umucamanza Mohamed Shahabuddeen, ibika 405, 407-409, 411, 413 (« Nta mpamvu ihari yabuza icyaha kimwe gukorwa mu buryo bwinshi…. N’ubwo kuba uregwa yarakoze ibikorwa byinshi nk’ibyo bishobora kugira ingaruka ku gihano agomba guhambwa, ntibyatuma ahamwa n’ibyaha byinshi kubera uruhare yagize mu cyaha giteganywa na Sitati. Icyo cyaha nicyo kimuhama gusa …. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rufite uburenganzira bwo kwemeza ko uregwa aryozwa icyaha giteganywa na Sitati kubera ko yakoze byinshi mu bikorwa bivugwa mu ngingo ya 6 (1). Bitagenze gutyo, Urugereko ntirwaba rusobanuye neza imyitwarire mibisha nyayo y’uregwa »). Reba ibintu nk’ibyo bivugwa mu Gitekerezo cyihariye cya Perezida w’inteko, ari we Mucamanza Theodor Meron n’icy’Umucamanza Inés Mónica Weinberg De Roca bemeranya n’Umucamanza Shahabuddeen. 95/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 322 bwawo bw’ibanze kandi ko Gatete yari muri uwo mugambi ndetse agasangira n’abari bawugize intego rusange yo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga harujujwe ibisabwa kugira ngo rufate umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete yacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, ahamagarira kandi ategeka abandi bantu kubukora, abibashyigikiramo, ndetse na we ubwe arabukora mu rwego rw’uburyo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho.

593. Buri miterere y’uburyozwacyaha mu yavuzwe ishobora gutuma Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside, kandi nk’uko Urugereko rubibona, kuba Gatete yaragize uruhare mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho ni byo bisobanura neza kurushaho imyifatire ye mibisha. Indi miterere y’uburyozwacyaha yerekana gusa igice gito cy’uruhare rwe muri icyo cyaha. Ibyo ari byo byose, Urugereko rusanga kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe neza n’intera y’uburyozwacyaha bwa Gatete n’uruhare yagize mu cyaha, ari ngombwa gufata imyanzuro ishingiye ku miterere yose y’uburyozwacyaha irebana n’icyo cyaha. Mu by’ukuri, imyanzuro rwanageraho yanafasha mu gusuzuma ikirego kijyanye n’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (III.4.3.i) no mu igenagihano733. 733 Urugereko ruributsa kandi ko n’ubwo imyitwarire mibisha ya Gatete ishobora gufatwa nko « gucura umugambi » no « gukora icyaha » mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho, hari Ingereko za Mbere z’Iremezo zafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko uregwa adashobora guhamwa no « gucura umugambi » ngo anahamwe no « gukora » ku cyaha kimwe. Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu rw’iremezo, igika 268; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Stakić mu rw’iremezo, igika 443; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu rw’iremezo, igika 386. Urugereko ruvuga ko iyo uregwa ahamwe no « gukora » icyaha yarezwe, uruhare rwe mu gucura umugambi wo gukora icyo cyaha rufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano mu

gihe cyo kugena igihano. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Stakić mu rw’iremezo, igika 443; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Stakić mu bujurire, igika 413 (« Mu kugaragaza ko uwajuriye yakoze icyaha cyo gucira abantu ishyanga, si ngombwa kugaragaza ko icyo cyaha yagicuriye umugambi kandi agategeka abantu kugikora. Cyakora, bishobora gufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano kubera ko gucura umugambi no gutegeka ko icyaha gikorwa bigira uruhare mu ikorwa ry’icyo 94/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 323 594. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze, nta gushidikanya, Gatete agomba kuryozwa icyaha hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, kubera ko yacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi yayo, agahamagarira kandi agategeka abandi bantu gukora ubwo bwicanyi, akabibashyigikiramo, ndetse na we ubwe akabukora mu rwego rw’uburyo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. 2.3.2 Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, tariki ya 11 Mata 1994 595. Urugereko rwasanze mu minsi yakurikiye itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, abantu babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, biganjemo Abatutsi, bavuye mu duce bari batuyemo kubera ibitero byahagabwaga maze bahungira kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Ku matariki ya 8, 9 na 10 Mata, Gatete yagiye kuri iyo paruwasi avugana n’abajandarume barindaga ikigo cya paruwasi. Yavuganye kandi n’abapadiri. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata, Gatete yongeye kugaruka kuri paruwasi ari kumwe na Gaspard Kamali wari Konseye wa Segiteri ya Kiziguro, na Augustin Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, maze bakura abantu bamwe kuri paruwasi. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, Gatete yagarutse kuri paruwasi ari kumwe na Konseye Kamali, Nkundabazungu, n’abasirikare. Kuri iyo paruwasi hari kandi n’Interahamwe, abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare barimo abantu bakuwe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi

z’impunzi zari hafi aho. Ubwo Gatete yari aho hantu, impunzi z’Abatutsi zatandukanyijwe n’iz’Abahutu noneho Gatete aha Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare amabwiriza ataziguye yo kwica Abatutsi. Kubera ayo cyaha. Iyo ngingo kandi ishobora kugirana isano n’uburyozwacyaha bw’uwakoze icyo cyaha »). Urugereko rusanga kandi umwanzuro warwo ku «gucura umugambi » ari ingenzi cyane ku cyaha cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside. 93/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 324 mabwiriza Gatete yari amaze gutanga, Interahamwe zagabye igitero ku mpunzi z’Abatutsi zikoresheje intwaro gakondo zinyuranye, n’aho abandi bagabye igitero bakoresha imbunda. Mu korohereza abagabye igitero gukora ubwicanyi, abasirikare bagose impunzi kugira ngo zidahunga. Icyo gitero gikomeye cyitabiriwe n’abantu babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, maze gihitana amagana niba atari ibihumbi by’abasiviri b’Abatutsi.

596. Urugereko ruributsa ko ubwicanyi no guhamba abantu babuguyemo byakozwe kuri gahunda kandi ku buryo bagera ku ntego yabo bitagoranye kugira ngo birangire mbere y’uko FPR igera aho hantu. Mbere y’ubwo bwicanyi, abagabye igitero basohoye impunzi zari mu kiriziya bazijyana mu mbuga kugira ngo babashe gutandukanya Abatutsi n’Abahutu. Nyuma y’ubwo bwicanyi bwamaze amasaha menshi, bajyanye imirambo y’abishwe ku cyobo cyakoreshwaga nk’imva rusange maze bayijugunyamo. Kubera umubare munini w’abantu bishwe, byabaye ngombwa gushaka Abatutsi bafite ingufu kugira ngo bafashe abandi mu guhamba iyo mirambo. Abo Batutsi na bo baje kwicwa bajugunywa muri icyo cyobo. Abagabo b’Abatutsi bategetswe gufasha abandi mu gikorwa cyo gutunda imirambo, bategetswe kwikuramo amashati mu gihe cyo gutwara imirambo kugira ngo baze kumenyekana ku buryo bworoshye, noneho bagera ku cyobo rusange na bo bakicwa bakajugunywamo.

597. Urugereko rusanga nta kundi kuntu umuntu yasobanura ubwicanyi bwahitanye abantu benshi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro uretse kuvuga ko bwari bwateguwe cyane. Ubwo bwicanyi bwitabiriwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare n’Interahamwe kandi bakoresheje intwaro gakondo zinyuranye ndetse n’imbunda. Bazanye abasirikare kugira ngo borohereze abagabye icyo gitero gukora ubwicanyi. Abategetsi bo muri ako gace n’abandi bantu bakomeye nka Gatete, Konseye Kamali na Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, bari aho hantu kugira ngo bahe abicanyi amabwiriza kandi 92/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 325 babashishikaze. Icyo gikorwa cyamaze umunsi wose kuko cyatangiye mu gitondo kikarangira ku gicamunsi cyangwa bugorobye.

598. Kubera ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru, Urugereko rusanze kugira ngo habeho icyo gitero gikomeye ari uko babanje gucura umugambi no guhuza ibikorwa. Kugira ngo icyo gitero gihitane abantu benshi kandi vuba, byasabaga uruhare rw’abantu benshi, nka Gatete, Konseye Kamali, Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe n’abagabye igitero bo mu byiciro binyuranye, by’umwihariko abasirikare, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare734. Hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, umwanzuro rukumbi wafatwa ni uvuga ko Gatete yakoranye n’abo bantu mbere y’ibitero, kandi ko abo bantu bari bahuriye ku mugambi mubisha wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Byongeye kandi, hari ahandi Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko abo bantu bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, bumvikanye kugira ngo Abatutsi bari kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro bicwe (III.4.3.ii). Kubera uruhare rukomeye Gatete yagize muri ubwo bwicanyi, n’amategeko ataziguye yatanze, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko yari no mu bantu bacuze umugambi wo gushyira mu bikorwa ubwo bwumvikane.

599. Gatete yagiye mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, mu buryo bunyuranye. Yateye abicanyi inkunga ikomeye kubera ko yaje ahantu hakorewe ubwicanyi ari kumwe n’abasirikare batumye ubwicanyi bworoha. Nk’umuntu wari wubashywe muri Komine ya Murambi kubera ko yari yarigeze kuyibera burugumesitiri, kuba yari aho hantu ubwo habaga igikorwa cyo gutandukanya Abatutsi n’Abahutu, no kuba yari ahari mu gihe 734 Urugereko rusanga igika cya 7 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ko Augustin Nkundabazungu, Konseye Kamali, Interahamwe, abasirikare ba Leta, abajepe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho uvugwa. 91/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 326 cy’ubwicanyi, byarushijeho gushishikaza abagabaga ibitero kandi bigaragaza ko abashyigikiye mu bikorwa byabo. Yagize rero uruhare rukomeye kandi rugaragara mu bwicanyi. Mu by’ukuri, bitewe n’uko Gatete yari umuntu ukomeye kandi wubashywe muri ako karere, uruhare rwe rwagombaga no gushishikaza abandi bategetsi bo muri ako gace nka Konseye Kamali na Nkundabazungu. Kubera ibyo, amategeko ya Gatete yagombaga gutuma abasirikare bumva ko bagomba korohereza abagabye igitero gukora ubwicanyi ndetse n’Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare na bo bakumva ko byanze bikunze bagomba kwica.

600. Urugereko rusanze ku buryo budashidikanywaho Gatete yari asangiye n’abandi umugambi uhuriweho wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, kubera ko yari aho hantu igihe icyo gikorwa cyabaga ndetse agatanga n’amabwiriza yeruye yo kwica Abatutsi bari bahari. Byongeye kandi, ibimenyetso bidahuzagurika bigaragaza ko abasiviri b’Abatutsi bibasiwe mu minsi yakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kubera ibitero byagabwaga n’Abahutu. Abo Batutsi baje kwicirwa kuri iyo Paruwasi ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Umuntu azirikanye intera y’ubwo bwicanyi ndetse n’uko ibintu byari bimeze, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko abagabye igitero bagatsotsoba ubwicanyi bari bafite igitekerezo cyo kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo. Icyo gitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside cyari gisangiwe n’abantu bose bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, harimo na Gatete735 . 735 Mu kugera kuri uyu mwanzuro, Urugereko rwasuzumye ibimenyetso bivuga ko Gatete yabanaga neza n’Abatutsi ndetse n’ingingo z’Ubwunganizi. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 8, 12-15, 23, 57, 256, 1121-1123, 1126. Cyakora, kubera ko Gatete yari ahantu ubwicanyi bwakorewe, agomba kuba yari azi ko Abatutsi bibasiwe mu gihugu cyose no muri ako karere. Byongeye kandi, ubwo yahamagarira abagabaga ibitero bitwaje intwaro kwica impunzi z’Abatutsi, agomba kuba yari azi ibyari gukurikiraho. N’iyo umuntu yakwemera ibivugwa 90/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 327 601. Kubera ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru, Urugereko ruributsa ko rushobora gusobanura imyitwarire mibisha y’Uregwa rukoresheje imitere irenze imwe y’uburyozwacyaha kugira ngo rugaragaze neza uruhare n’uburyozwacyaha bye736. Kuri iyi ngingo, Urugereko rusanga kuba Gatete yaragize uruhare mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho akabikora mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’uburyozwacyaha, bisobanura neza kurushaho imyitwarire mibisha ye. Ibimenyetso bishyigikira kandi umwanzuro uvuga ko, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, Uregwa agomba kuryozwa icyaha kubera ko yacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994, agahamagarira kandi agategeka abandi bantu gukora ubwo bwicanyi kandi akabibashyigikiramo. 2.3.3 Paruwasi ya Mukarange, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994 602. Mu myanzuro rwafashe ishingiye ku byabaye, Urugereko rwasanze mu minsi yakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida, nibura impunzi zigera ku gihumbi, ziganjemo Abatutsi, zarahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, Interahamwe zagabye igitero kuri iyo paruwasi ariko impunzi zishobora kugisubiza inyuma. Nyuma yaho uwo munsi, Gatete yaje ku kibuga cy’umupira w’amaguru hafi ya paruwasi ari kumwe na Burugumesitiri Célestin Senkware, Konseye Samson Gashumba, Liyetona Jandarume Twahira, umutegetsi witwa Edouard Ngabonzima n’abajandarume.

Icyo gihe, yaje mu modoka yari itwaye ibisanduku birimo imbunda n’amagerenade. Izo ntwaro zahawe abagabaga ibitero, barimo Interahamwe, maze Gatete abategeka kugaba igitero ku Batutsi n’Ubwunganizi ko yabanaga neza n’Abatutsi, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko icyo gihe, mu byo yakoze yari afite igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka mu bujurire, ibika 232-233. 736 Ni kimwe no haruguru, ibisobanuro nomero 732-733 byo hasi ku rupapuro. 89/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 328 bari kuri paruwasi. Bakoresheje intwaro zari zazanywe na Gatete n’abandi bategetsi, abo bantu bagabye igitero ku mpunzi zari ziganjemo Abatutsi. Abatutsi barokotse ibyo bitero bishwe nyuma n’abagabye igitero hakoreshejwe intwaro gakondo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, biciwe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata.

603. Urugereko rusanga, mbere na mbere, ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’ubwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange busa ku buryo butangaje. Mu by’ukuri, ubwo bwicanyi bwombi bwahitanye Abatutsi babarirwa mu maganga niba atari mu bihumbi bari bahungiye mu bipangu by’izo paruwasi. Gatete yagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwabereye aho hantu hombi afatanyije n’abategetsi bo muri utwo duce, abasirikare n’abicanyi barimo Interahamwe. Mu gihe cy’ibitero byagabwe aho hantu hombi, Gatete yagize uruhare rw’ingenzi atanga amabwiriza.

604. Nk’uko rwabikoze haruguru ku byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwakorewe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, Urugereko rusanga kugira ngo ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange bukorwe harabayeho gutegura ibikorwa mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi bikitabirwa n’abajandarume, abarezerivisiti, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare bakoresheje amagerenade, imbunda, n’intwaro gakondo. Gatete n’abategetsi barimo Burugumesitiri Senkware, Konseye Kamali, Liyetona Twahira na Ngabonzima bari aho hantu kugira ngo bashishikaze abicanyi kandi babahe amabwiriza. By’umwihariko, imbunda n’amagerenade byazanywe n’abo bategetsi byagize uruhare simusiga mu gutuma icyo gitero kigera ku ntego yacyo. Urugereko ruributsa ubuhamya bwa AWF wavuze ko impunzi z’Abatutsi zari kuri paruwasi zari zabashije gusubiza inyuma igitero cyagabwe mbere yaho, ariko zikaza kuneshwa nyuma kubera ko haje izindi ntwaro737. 737 AWF, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 22 Ukwakira 2009, imp. 46-52, 60-61, 63. Reba n’icyiciro II.6.3. 88/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 329 Icyo gitero cyamaze amasaha menshi kandi cyahitanye Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana ndetse bashobora no kugera mu bihumbi.

605. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga, urebye uburyo icyo gitero cyari karundura, igisobanuro rukumbi umuntu yatanga ari uko habanje gucurwa umugambi no guhuza ibikorwa. Kugira ngo icyo gitero kibe cyarahitanye abantu benshi kandi bikozwe ku buryo kigera ku ntego yacyo bitaruhanyije, byari ngombwa ko abantu benshi babigiramo uruhare. Muri abo bantu harimo Gatete, Burugumesitiri Senkware, Konseye Gashumba, Liyetona Twahira, Ngabonzima n’abagabye ibitero bari mu ngeri zinyuranye, by’umwihariko, abajandarume, abarezerivisiti, Interahamwe, n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare738. Hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko mbere y’ibitero, Gatete n’abo bantu babanje guhuza ibikorwa byabo, kandi ko abagize uruhare mu bitero bari basangiye umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Mu by’ukuri, hari ahandi Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko abo bantu banumvikanye kugira ngo bice Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange (III.4.3.iii). Hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko hatabayeho ubwumvikane gusa, ko ahubwo hari n’umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi bari kuri iyo paruwasi. Urugereko rwafashe kandi umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete ari mu bantu bacuze uwo mugambi kubera uruhare rukomeye yagize muri ubwo bwicanyi.

606. Byongeye kandi, kuba Gatete yaritabiriye umugambi mubisha uhuriweho bigaragazwa n’uko yageze ahantu ubwicanyi bwabereye afite imbunda n’amagerenade kandi ibyo ni 738 Urugereko rusanga mu gika cya 7 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego havugwa ko Celestin Senkware, Interahamwe, n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare n’abasirikare ba Leta bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Reba n’Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 22; Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, igika 46 (havugwa kuri Gashumba, Twahira na Ngabonzima), igika 74 n’incamake z’ubuhamya bwanditse bwa AWF na BVR. 87/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 330 inkunga ikomeye yahaye abagabaga ibitero. Kubera ko yari umutegetsi, Urugereko rusanga kuba yarazanye n’abategetsi bo muri ako gace, agatanga amategeko ataziguye yo kugaba igitero ndetse akaba yari anahari mu gihe igitero cyagabwaga, byarashishikaje abagabaga ibitero, bibatera akanyabugabo ndetse bituma bumva ko ibyo bakora byemewe. Ubwo rero yagize uruhare rukomeye kandi rugaragara mu bwicanyi. Uruhare rwe rushobora no kuba rwarashishikaje abandi bategetsi bari aho hantu nka Burugumesitiri Senkware, Konseye Gashumba, Liyetona Twahira na Ngabonzima. Kubera ibyo bintu, Urugereko rusanga abagabaga ibitero bashobora kuba barumvise ko bagomba kwica abantu nk’uko Gatete yari yabitangiye amabwiriza.

607. Urugereko rusanze, nta gushidikanya, Gatete yari asangiye n’abandi bantu umugambi uhuriweho wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Uwo mwanzuro ushingiye ku gikorwa cya Gatete cyo gutanga imbunda n’amagerenade byagombaga gukoreshwa mu gitero, ku kuba yaratanze amategeko yo kugaba igitero ku Batutsi ndetse akaba yari aho hantu igitero kigabwa. Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana cyangwa bashobora kugera no mu bihumbi bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange kubera ibitero Abahutu bagabaga mu duce bari batuyemo. Baje hanyuma kwicirwa kuri iyo paruwasi ku itariki 12 Mata. Hashingiwe ku mubare munini w’abantu baguye muri icyo gitero ndetse no ku kuntu ubwicanyi bwakozwe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko abagabye igitero batsotsobye ubwo bwicanyi, bari bafite igitekerezo cyo kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo. Icyo gitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside cyari gisangiwe n’abantu bose bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, barimo na Gatete739. 739 Mu gufata umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete yari afite igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside, Urugereko rwasuzumye ibimenyetso bivuga ko Gatete yabanaga neza n’Abatutsi n’ingingo z’Ubwunganizi zivuga kokubera iyo mpamvu, adashobora kuba yarakoze jenoside. Cyakora, iyo umuntu asuzumye imyitwarire ya Gatete ku byerekeranye 86/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 331 608. Kubera ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru, Urugereko rusanga uruhare Gatete yagize mu bwicanyi bwakorewe kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange rwarushaho gusobanuka rufashwe mu rwego rw’uburyo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Kugira ngo rugaragaze mu buryo bwuzuye imyitwarire mibisha ya Gatete, Urugereko rusanga kandi, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, Uregwa agomba kuryozwa icyaha kubera ko yacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, agahamagarira kandi agategeka abandi gukora ubwo bwicanyi, ndetse akabibashyi- gikiramo740.

3. KUBA ICYITSO CY’ABAKOZE JENOSIDE 609. Mu kirego cya 2 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete akurikiranyweho icyaha cyo kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (3)(e) ya Sitati. Porokireri yasobanuye ko Gatete yaryozwa icyaha cyo kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside mu gihe yaba adahamwe n’icyaha cya jenoside kivugwa mu kirego cya 1. Bityo rero, kubera ko Uregwa yamaze guhamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside kivugwa mu kirego cya 1, Urugereko ntirumuryoza ikirego cya 2 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. n’ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, ibimenyetso bigaragaza, nta gushidikanya, ko icyo gihe yari afite igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka mu bujurire, ibika 232-233. 740 Ni kimwe no haruguru, ibisobanuro nomero 732-733 byo hasi ku rupapuro. 85/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 332 4.

UBWUMVIKANE BUGAMIJE GUKORA JENOSIDE 4.1 Intangiriro 610. Mu kirego cya 3 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete akurikiranyweho icyaha cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (3)(b) ya Sitati. 4.2 Amategeko akurikizwa 611. Ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside ni « ubwumvikane hagati y’abantu babiri cyangwa barenzeho bagamije gukora icyaha cya jenoside »741. Igikorwa kigize icyaha [actus reus], ni ubwumvikane abo bantu bagirana hagati yabo bwo gukora jenoside742. Abagirana ubwumvikane bagomba kuba bafite igitekerezo [mens rea] cyo gukora jenoside, ni ukuvuga igitekerezo cyo kurimbura abantu bose cyangwa igice cyabo, bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ubwoko cyangwa idini, bazira icyo bari cyo743. Igitekerezo 741 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2087, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, ibika 218, 221; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 894; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 92; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu rw’iremezo, igika 787; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu rw’iremezo, igika 423; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu rw’iremezo, igika 798; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu rw’iremezo, igika 191. 742 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2087, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko

y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 221; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 896. 743 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2087, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 894, 896; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu rw’iremezo, igika 423; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu rw’iremezo, igika 192. 84/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 333 kigize icyaha cya jenoside cyavuzweho birambuye haruguru, ahasuzumwa icyaha cya jenoside (III.2.2).

612. Ku byerekeranye n’igikorwa kigize icyo cyaha, ubwumvikane bushobora kugaragazwa herekanwa ko habayeho inama zitegura jenoside, ariko bushobora no kugaragazwa mu mu buryo bucukumbuye, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso biziguye744. Ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko ubwo bwumvikane bwabayeho gishobora kuba igikorwa itsinda ry’abantu ryumvikanyeho cyangwa ryahuriyeho. Kubera ko igikorwa kigomba kuba « cyarumvikanyweho kandi kigahurirwaho », ntibihagije kugaragaza gusa ko abagize ubwo bwumvikane bari bafite imyitwarire isa745. Iyo umwanzuro wemeza ko habayeho ubwumvikane ushingiye ku bimenyetso biziguye, ni ngombwa ko uba ari wo wonyinye ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byose byatanzwe746. 4.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 613. Porokireri avuga ko hagati y’itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994 cyangwa hafi y’ayo matariki, Gatete yumvikanye n’abandi bantu barimo Jean de Dieu Mwange wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, abakonseye ba segiteri zinyuranye, abakuru b’Interahamwe, abapolisi ba komine, n’abagize inzego z’ubuyobozi bwa MRND ku rwego rw’akarere 744 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be rw’iremezo, igika 2088, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 221; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 896. 745 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2088, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 896-897. 746 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2088, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 221; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 896. 83/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 334 n’urw’igihugu, barimo n’abagize Guverinoma y’agateganyo yashyizweho ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994. Ubwo bwumvikane bwari bugamije kwica Abatutsi cyangwa kubateza ububabare bukomeye buzahaza umubiri hagamijwe kubarimbura bose cyangwa igice cyabo. Porokireri avuga kandi ko mu gihe cy’imyaka hafi ine, kuva mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 1990 kugera muri Mata 1994, Uregwa yari mu gikorwa cyumvikanyweho kandi gihuriweho cyo gutoteza, gutera ubwoba, no gutsembatsemba abasiviri b’Abatutsi747.

614. Mu gushyigikira ibyo avuga mu kirego cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, Porokireri ashingira ku buhamya bwanditse bunyuranye ariko butashyizwe muri dosiye hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 92 bis y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso. Cyakora, ibyo ari byo byose, ubwo buhamya ntibwujuje ibisabwa n’iyo ngingo ku byerekeranye n’ibibukubiyemo ndetse n’uko bwanditse (I.2.4). Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko ntirwita kuri ubwo buhamya mu isesengura rukora ku kirego cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside.

615. Porokireri ashingira kandi ku bindi bivugwa binyuranye byerekeranye n’ibyabaye mbere y’igihe kiri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko, gihera ku itariki ya 1 Mutarama kikagera ku ya 31 Ukuboza 1994748. Urugereko ruributsa ko rushobora guhamya uregwa icyaha rushingiye gusa ku myitwarire mibisha yagaragaje mu mwaka wa 1994749. Ibyo ari byo byose, 747 Inyandiko y’ibirego, igika 12; Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, ibika 3, 7, 12, 67-72, 73, 74-80, 81-83, 84-89, 90, 134, 170, 231, 245. 748 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, ibika 76-81, 90. 749 Cyakora, Urugereko ruributsa ko Urugereko rw’ubujurire rwemeje ko ibiteganywa na Sitati ku bubasha bw’Urukiko bushingiye ku gihe icyaha cyakorewe bitabuza ko ibimenyetso bijyanye n’ibyabaye mbere ya 1994 byakirwa iyo Urugereko rusanga ibyo bimenyetso bifite aho bihuriye n’urubanza kandi bifite agaciro, hakaba nta mpamvu ifatika yatuma bitakirwa. Ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwifashishwa: mu gusobanura uko ibintu byari 82/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 335 Urugereko rusanga byinshi mu bimenyetso birebana n’ibivugwa ko byabaye mbere y’umwaka wa 1994 Porokireri ashingiraho, biri mu buhamya bwanditse abatangabuhamya batanze mbere yo kuza gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko, cyangwa se bitaremewe n’Urugereko750. Byongeye kandi, muri iki cyiciro, Urugereko ntirusuzuma ibimenyetso birebana n’ibivugwa rwamaze kwemeza mu myanzuro yarwo ku byabaye, ko bitagaragajwe ku buryo budashidikanywaho.

616. Urugereko rugiye noneho gusuzuma niba ibivugwa byagaragajwe, byatuma rwemeza ko habayeho ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside. 4.3.1 Inama yo ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba, tariki ya 7 Mata 1994 617. Urugereko rwemeje, nta gushidikanya, ko inama yabereye ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, n’ubwicanyi bwakurikiyeho muri iyo Segiteri ya Rwankuba byasabaga ko ababigizemo uruhare babanza kubitegura bakanahuriza hamwe ibikorwa. Rwemeje kandi ko abo bantu bari bafite igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside kandi na Gatete asangiye na bo icyo gitekerezo. Urugereko rwanafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete ari mu bantu bateguye ubwo bwicanyi. Rwanemeje ko Uregwa yitabiriye umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, ndetse ko byifashe; kugaragaza ku buryo bucukumbuye ibirebana n’imyitwarire mibisha yagaragaye mu mwaka wa 1994 (by’umwihariko igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha); no kugaragaza imyitwarire igambiriwe y’uregwa. Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 313, 315-316. Muri urwo rubanza, mu gusuzuma niba harabayeho ubwumvikane, Urugereko rw’ubujurire rwifashishije ibimenyetso byerekeranye n’ibyabaye mbere ya 1994. Kimwe no haruguru, ibika 905, 908. 750 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse ya Porokireri, ibika 76-81. 81/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 336 mu bandi bantu bari muri uwo mugambi harimo Burugumesitiri Mwange, Konseye Bizimungu, n’Interahamwe.

618. Urugereko rusanga kuba Konseye Bizimungu n’Interahamwe barateraniye ku biro bya segiteri, maze Gatete na Burugumesitiri Mwange bagahita bahagera kugira ngo batange amabwiriza hanyuma hakaza n’izindi Nterahamwe, bigaragaza ko bumvikanye kuri icyo gikorwa kandi bakagihuriraho. Ruvuga ko ibyo birenze kuba imyitwarire y’abantu isa. Guhurira hamwe kw’abo bantu, amategeko ya Gatete n’ubwicanyi bwakurikiyeho ntibyari gushoboka abantu babigizemo uruhare batabanje kubyumvikanaho. Mu by’ukuri, Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete n’abo bantu bacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi (III.2.3.i). Uwo mugambi ntiwari kubaho abo bantu batabanje kubyumvikanaho. Byongeye kandi, umuntu ahereye ku mategeko ataziguye yo kwica Abatutsi no « gukora nta kujenjeka » Gatete yatangiye muri iriya nama, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ni uvuga ko abantu bavugwa haruguru bumvikanye ngo bice Abatutsi.

619. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanze, nta gushidikanya, ko bitarenze mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata, ubwo inama yaberaga ku biro bya Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Gatete, Burugumesitiri Mwange, Konseye Bizimungu n’Interahamwe bemeranyijwe kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba. Rufashe rero umwanzuro uvuga ko ibyo ari ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside751. 751 Urugereko rusanga mu gika cya 12 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego havugwa ko Burugumesitiri Mwange ari umwe mu bantu bagiranye ubwumvikane. Hanavugwa n’abakonseye ba segiteri n’abakuru b’Interahamwe. Mu gika cya 14 mu Nyandiko y’ibirego naho havugwamo Mwange na Bizimungu. Mu myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza yanditse naho havugwamo Burugumesitiri Mwange, abakonseye, n’Interahamwe. Reba ibika 33, 73, n’incamake y’ubuhamya bwanditse bwa BBR na AIZ yometse kuri iyo myanzuro. 80/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 337 4.3.2 Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, tariki ya 11 Mata 1994 620. Urugereko rwasanze ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994, kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro harabereye ubwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga bugahitana abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana ndetse bashobora no kugera mu bihumbi. Ubwo bwicanyi bwakoranywe igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside, kandi Gatete yari agisangiye n’abandi bantu. Urugereko rwasanze, nta gushidikanya, Gatete yari ari mu bateguye kandi bakanitabira umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Rwasanze kandi abandi bantu bari muri uwo mugambi ari Konseye Kamali, Augustin Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, abasirikare, Interahamwe, n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare.

621. Ingingo y’ingenzi y’umwanzuro w’Urugereko uvuga ko ubwo bwicanyi bwakozwe mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho ugamije kwica Abatutsi, ni ivuga ko byasabaga ko icyo gikorwa kibanza gucurirwa umugambi, kikanahurizwa hamwe ku buryo bugaragara. Urugereko ruributsa kandi ko ku itariki ya 8 n’iya 9 Mata, abantu babonye Gatete kuri paruwasi avugana n’abajandarume bari barinze impunzi, ariko aba bakaba baravuye kuri paruwasi bitarenze ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 10 Mata, abantu bamubonye avugana n’abapadiri, na bo bakaba baravuye kuri paruwasi bitarenze ku itariki ya 11 Mata. Kuri uwo munsi kandi nyuma ya saa sita, Gatete yageze kuri paruwasi ari kumwe na Konseye Kamali na Nkundabazungu, maze atwara abantu bamwe. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata, yongeye kugaruka kuri paruwasi ari kumwe na Konseye Kamali, Nkundabazungu n’abasirikare. Icyo gihe yari azanywe no korohereza akazi abagabye igitero no gutanga amabwiriza yo gutera.

622. Ubwo bwicanyi bwakozwe mu buryo buri kuri gahunda kandi butuma ababukoze bagera ku ntego yabo batavunitse, bwitabirwa n’abantu bo mu ngeri zinyuranye barimo abasirikare bagose impunzi maze bikorohereza akazi abagabye igitero. Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare barimo abantu bavanywe mu byabo n’intambara bo mu nkambi zari hafi aho ni bo bakoze ubwo bwicanyi. Aho hantu hari abantu bakomeye 79/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 338 bahaga abagabye igitero amabwiriza. Muri abo bantu havugwa Gatete, Konseye Kamali na Nkundabazungu. Impunzi zasohowe mu kiriziya ku ngufu zijyanwa ku mbuga aho Abatutsi batandukanyijwe n’Abahutu, maze Gatete agategeka abagabye igitero kwica Abatutsi. Icyo gikorwa cyari kigamije kwica impunzi z’Abatutsi zibarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, no gukuraho imirambo yazo mu buryo butagoranye kandi vuba mbere y’uko FPR igera muri ako gace. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hashatswe abagabye igitero benshi bo gukora ubwo bwicanyi no kujyana imirambo mu cyobo cyakoreshejwe nk’imva rusange. Abagabo b’Abatutsi, bari bategetswe kwikuramo amashati kugira ngo bashobore kubamenya bitagoye, na bo bategetswe gutunda imirambo mbere y’uko na bo bicwa bakajugunywa muri cya cyobo rusange. Icyo gikorwa uwo munsi cyamaze amasaha menshi.

623. Urugereko rusanga ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko habayeho kwitegura birambuye no guhuza ibikorwa hagati ya Gatete, Konseye Kamali, Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, abasirikare, Interahamwe, n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare752. Ibimenyetso ntibigaragaza gusa ko hariho intego ihuriweho yo gukora icyaha, ahubwo binagaragaza ko iyo ntego igomba kuba yaremejwe ikanumvikanwaho mbere y’uko igitero kiba. Mu by’ukuri, Urugereko rusanga kuba Gatete yaraje kuri paruwasi guhera ku itariki ya 8 Mata impunzi zaratangiye kuhagera, ari ikindi kimenyetso kiziguye gishyigikira uyu mwanzuro. Hari n’ahandi hantu Urugereko rwasanze Gatete ari mu bantu bacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro kandi uwo mugambi ntiwari gushoboka abantu batabanje kuwumvikanaho. 752 Igika cya 12 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego kivuga ku bakonseye banyuranye b’amasegiteri, abakuru b’Interahamwe, n’abayobozi bo muri ako gace. Mu gika cya 19 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego havugwamo by’umwihariko Nkundabazungu, abasirikare bo mu ngabo za Leta n’Interahamwe. 78/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 339 624. Muri make, Urugereko rusanga kuba ubwicanyi bwarakozwe mu buryo buri kuri gahunda bugahitana abantu benshi umunsi umwe, bigaragaza ko hariho ubwumvikane bugamije kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Imyitwarire y’abo bantu babigizemo uruhare ntiyasaga gusa ahubwo yari yumvikanyweho ndetse inahurizwa hamwe. Uburyo abasirikare baje bakorohereza akazi abakora ubwicanyi bagota impunzi mu gihe Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare barimo bica, na byo bigaragaraza ko hashyirwaga mu bikorwa umugambi wumvikanyweho kandi uhuriweho. Urugereko rusanga igikorwa nka kiriya kitari gushoboka abantu batabanje kucyumvikanaho kandi nta gushidikanya ko ubwo bwumvikane bwari bugamije kwica Abatutsi.

625. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanga, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe, umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ari uvuga ko bitarenze mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994, Gatete, Konseye Gaspard Kamali, Augustin Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe, abasirikare, Interahamwe, n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare bumvikanye kugira ngo bice Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro. Bagiranye rero ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside753. 4.3.3 Paruwasi ya Mukarange, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994 626. Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko iyicwa ry’Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 ryakozwe mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wari ugamije kwica Abatutsi, kandi Gatete yari awurimo. Urugereko rwanemeje ko Gatete ari mu bantu bateguye ubwicanyi bwabereye kuri iyo paruwasi. Abakoze ubwo bwicanyi bari bafite igitekerezo cyo gukora jenoside kandi Gatete yari agisangiye na bo. 753 Urugereko rusanga kandi umwanzuro warwo uvuga ko Gatete yagiranye n’abandi bantu ubwumvikane bugamije kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange na wo ushyigikira uyu mwanzuro ku buryo buziguye. 77/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 340 627. Ingingo y’ingenzi yatumye Urugereko rufata umwanzuro uvuga ko hariho umugambi mubisha uhuriweho, ni uko habayeho gucura umugambi no guhuza ibikorwa byasabwaga hagati y’abategetsi banyuranye n’abagabye igitero kugira ngo ubwicanyi bwo kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange bushobore guhitana abantu benshi kandi bukorwe mu buryo butagoranye. Mu by’ukuri, Gatete yahageze ari kumwe n’abasiviri, abategetsi ba gisirikare, ndetse n’abajandarume kandi azanye n’ibisanduku by’imbunda n’amagerenade abari mu gitero bagombaga gukoresha. Mu bagabye icyo gitero harimo abajandarume, abarezerivisiti, Interahamwe n’abasiviri barimo n’abavanywe mu byabo n’intambara babaga mu nkambi z’impunzi. Gatete yari mu bantu bahaga amategeko abagabye igitero. Icyo gitero cya karundura cyahitanye impunzi z’Abatutsi zibarirwa mu magana ndetse zishobora no kugera mu bihumbi.

628. Uko Urugereko rubibona, ubwicanyi nka buriya bwibasiye imbaga bwagizwemo uruhare n’umuntu ukomeye nka Gatete, abategetsi nka Burugumesitiri Célestin Senkware, Konseye Samson Gashumba na Liyetona Twahira, kandi bwasabaga ko hajyanwayo imbunda na geranade byo guha abagabye igitero bari mu ngeri zinyuranye, bwasabaga ko habaho kwitegura bihagije. Kubera izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga imyitwarire y’ababugiyemo yarumvikwanyeho kandi igahurizwa hamwe hagamijwe kwica Abatutsi bari kuri paruwasi. Iyo ntera yo guhuza ibikorwa yagombaga kugerwaho ari uko abantu babanje kubyumvikanaho, bidatewe gusa n’uko abari muri ibyo bikorwa bari bafite imyitwarire isa. Mu by’ukuri, hari ahandi Urugereko rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete ari mu bantu bacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange (III.2.3.iii). Umugambi nk’uwo ntiwari gushoboka bariya bantu bavugwa haruguru batabanje kubyumvikanaho.

629. Bityo rero, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byose byatanzwe, Urugereko rusanga umwanzuro rukumbi ushyize mu gaciro wafatwa ari uvuga ko bitarenze mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, Gatete, Burugumesitiri Célestin Senkware, Konseye Samson Gashumba, 76/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 341 Liyetona Twahira, Édouard Ngabonzima, Interahamwe n’abasiviri bitwaraga gisirikare bumvikanye ngo bice Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Habayeho rero ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside.

5.

IBYAHA BYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU 5.1 Intangiriro 630. Mu kirego cya 4 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete akurikiranyweho itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 3 (b) ya Sitati, naho mu kirego cya 5, akurikiranyweho ubuhotozi nk’icyaha kibasiye inyokomuntu hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 3 (a) ya Sitati. 5.2 Igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda 631. Kugira ngo igikorwa kivugwa mu ngingo ya 3 ya Sitati kibe kigize icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, Porokireri agomba kugaragaza ko habayeho igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda cyibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri bazira ubwenegihugu, umutwe wa politiki barimo, ubwoko cyangwa idini byabo754. « Igitero cyibasira abaturage b’abasiviri » bivuga kubakorera ibikorwa binyuranye by’urugomo cyangwa byo kubagirira nabi 754 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2156, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 326-332, havugwa ku biri mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Akayesu mu rw’iremezo, igika 578; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rutaganda mu rw’Iremezo, igika 73; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Akayesu mu bujurire, ibika 467, 469; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 516; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, ibika 697-698; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Mpambara mu rw’iremezo, igika 11 ; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 421; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu rw’iremezo, igika 299; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Tadić mu bujurire, ibika 248, 255. 75/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 342 bivugwa guhera ku gaka (a) kugera kuri (i)755. Mu rwego rw’amategeko, si ngombwa ko igitero kiba « rusange » no « kuri gahunda », kimwe gusa muri ibyo bisabwa kirahagije. « Rusange » ijyana n’intera yaguye y’igitero, n’umubare w’abantu bibasiwe, naho « kiri kuri gahunda » bikaba bivuga ibikorwa by’urugomo byateguwe kandi bidashoboka cyane ko byaba bihutiyeho756.

632. Ku byerekeranye n’igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha [mens rea], uwakoze icyaha agomba kuba yari azi urwego rwaguye ibikorwa bye birimo kandi azi ko ibyo bikorwa bye biri mu bigize igitero. Cyakora, si ngombwa ko aba asangiye n’abandi intego cyangwa ikigamijwe muri icyo gitero rusange757. N’ubwo ku cyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu 755 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2165, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 915-918; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 666; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 89; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 415. 756 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2165, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire igika 920, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 94; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 516; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Mpambara mu rw’iremezo, igika 11; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, ibika 328-329; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 429; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 94; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 101, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko

y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu rw’Iremezo, igika 299; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Stakić mu bujurire, igika 246; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blaškić mu bujurire, igika 101; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Limaj na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 180; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu rw’iremezo, igika 133. 757 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2166, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, ibika 86, 103, havugwa ku byanditse mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Tadić mu bujurire, ibika 251-252; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Galić mu bujurire, igika 142; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 268-269; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 421; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 99; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi 74/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 343 hasabwa kandi kugaragaza ko abahohotewe bazize « ubwenegihugu, imitwe ya politiki, ubwoko cyangwa idini » byabo, si ngombwa kugaragaza ko uwakoze icyaha yari yaritswemo n’igitekerezo cy’ivangura758.

633. Nyuma yo gusuzuma ibimenyetso byose byatanzwe, Urugereko rusanze muri Mata 1994, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo haragabwe ibitero rusange kandi biri kuri gahunda byibasiye abaturage b’Abatutsi. Abatangabuhamya bavuga ko ibitero byibasiye Abatutsi mu minsi yakurikiye urupfu rwa Perezida Habyarimana. Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi bahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange kubera ibitero byagabwaga mu duce bari batuyemo, aho Abahutu bicaga Abatutsi. Hashingiwe ku bimenyetso byatanzwe byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba no kuri ziriya paruwasi zombi, ku ntera y’ubwo bwicanyi n’ubwoko bw’abantu bibasiwe, umwanzuro rukumbi wafatwa ni uvuga ko muri Mata 1994, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo habaye ibitero rusange kandi biri kuri gahunda byibasiye abasiviri b’Abatutsi bazira ubwoko bwabo.

634. Rushingiye ku mwanya w’ubutegetsi Gatete yari afite icyo gihe, amategeko ataziguye yo kwica Abatutsi yatanze inshuro eshatu zinyuranye n’uko ibintu byari byifashe ubwo yayatangaga, Urugereko rusanga bitashoboka ko abakoze ubwo bwicanyi, ndetse na Gatete n’abandi bantu bari mu mugambi mubisha uhuriweho, bari kuyoberwa ko ibikorwa byabo byari mu rwego rw’igitero rusange kandi kiri kuri gahunda. Kubera be mu rw’Iremezo, igika 434; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 102; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Blaškić mu bujurire, ibika 124-127. 758 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2166, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Akayesu mu rw’iremezo, ibika 464-469, 595; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagilishema mu rw’iremezo, igika 81. 73/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 344 umwanya w’ubutegetsi yari afite, nko kuba yari umuyobozi muri minisiteri, Gatete yagombaga kumenya ibyarimo kuba mu rwego rw’igihugu no mu karere759. 5.3 Itsembatsemba 5.3.1 Intangiriro 635. Mu kirego cya 4 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete ashinjwa itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 3 (b) ya Sitati. 5.3.2 Amategeko akurikizwa 636. Kugira ngo icyaha cy’itsembatsemba kigaragazwe, ni ngombwa gutanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko uregwa yagize uruhare mu bwicanyi rusange kandi buri kuri gahunda, cyangwa ko yagize uruhare mu gushyira cyangwa ko yashyize abantu benshi mu nzitane z’ubuzima zagombaga gutuma bapfa760. Itsembatsemba ritandukanye n’ubuhotozi kuko ryo ari igikorwa cyo kwica abantu benshi761. Cyakora, n’ubwo itsembatsemba ari igikorwa cyo kwica abantu benshi, ibyo ntibivuga ko hari umubare fatizo uherwaho762. 759 Reba n’Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko Uregereko rwemeza ko ibyabaye bizwi na bose bitagibwaho impaka, 21 Kanama 2009, ibika 12-13. 760 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 522; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu rw’iremezo, igika 480. 761 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 516. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu rw’iremezo, igika 479; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 340. 762 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 516. 72/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 345 Igitekerezo cyo gukora icyaha cy’itsembatsemba [mens rea] ni igitekerezo cyo gukora ubwicanyi bwibasira imbaga cyangwa kubugiramo uruhare763. 5.3.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 637. Ku bivugwa byose bitatu Urugereko rwasanze byagaragajwe, Gatete anashinjwa itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu764. Ibindi bivugwa birebana n’iki kirego ntibyagaragajwe. Urugereko rurasuzuma niba ibivugwa byagaragajwe ari itsembatsemba rigize icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. (i) Inama yabereye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 638. Urugereko rwamaze kwemeza ko ubwicanyi bwakorewe abasiviri b’Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 ari icyaha cya jenoside. Kubera impamvu zisa n’izo, cyane cyane kubera amabwiriza ataziguye Gatete yatanze yo kwica Abatutsi, biragaragara ko abibasiwe n’ubwo bwicanyi baziraga ubwoko bwabo. Urugereko rwafashe kandi umwanzuro uvuga ko, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, uruhare rwa Gatete muri ubwo bwicanyi rwafatwa nko kuba yarabucuriye umugambi, agashishikaza kandi agategeka ba gatozi babwo, akabibashyigikiramo, kandi na we ubwe akabukora mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho.

639. Urugereko ruributsa imyanzuro yarwo ivuga ko nibura abantu bari hagati ya 25 na 30 hamwe na Damascène Macali wari Resiponsabure wa Serire ya Nyagasambu, bishwe bitegetswe na Gatete. Interahamwe zigera kuri 40 zari zateraniye ku biro bya segiteri, kandi Urugereko rwasanze na zo zaragiye muri ubwo bwicanyi zikanashaka abandi bantu 763 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 701. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 522. 764 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 31-32. 71/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 346 bo kugaba igitero barimo abasirikare, abapolisi, n’abasiviri b’Abahutu. Urugereko ruributsa ko nta mubare w’ifatizo usabwa, maze, rushingiye kuri iyi myanzuro, rugasanga ubwo bwicanyi bwaribasiye abantu benshi ku buryo bwakwitwa itsembatsemba. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rusanga amategeko Gatete yatanze yo kwica Abatutsi no « gukora nta kujenjeka » agaragaza igitekerezo yari afite cyo kwica umubare munini w’abantu, cyane cyane iyo ayo mategeko ashyizwe mu rwego rwaguye rw’ubundi bwicanyi bwaberaga muri ako karere no mu Rwanda hose765.

640. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanze Gatete agomba kuryozwa icyaha cy’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4). Uburyowacyaha bwe nka gatozi, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, bugaragara neza kurushaho iyo uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ry’icyo cyaha rufashwe mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Ibimenyetso kandi bigaragaza ko Gatete yacuze umugambi wo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, ahamagarira abandi bantu gukora ubwo bwicanyi, arabibategeka kandi abibashyigikiramo766. (ii) Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, tariki ya 11 Mata 1994 641. Urugereko rwasanze ubwicanyi bwakorewe kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994 ari icyaha cya jenoside. Iyo myanzuro igaragaraza neza ko ubwo bwicanyi bwari bushingiye ku bwoko. Gatete yabugizemo uruhare acura umugambi wabwo, ahamagarira abandi bantu kubukora, abibategeka, kandi anabibashyigikiramo. Urugereko 765 Ibindi bintu bishyigikira ku buryo buziguye ibivugwa ko Gatete yari afite igitekerezo cyo kwica umubare munini w’abantu biri mu mwanzuro w’Urugereko urebana n’uruhare yagize mu bwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange hiciwe Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi. 766 Kimwe no haruguru, ibisobanuro nomero 732-733 byo hasi ku rupapuro. 70/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 347 rwasanze kandi Gatete yaragize uruhare muri ubwo bwicanyi mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wari ugamije kwica Abatutsi kuri iyo paruwasi.

642. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko ruributsa imyanzuro yarwo ivuga ko abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi biciwe kuri iyo paruwasi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko ubwo bwicanyi bwibasiye imbaga, bityo bukaba ari itsembatsemba. Umubare w’impunzi z’Abatutsi zari zahungiye kuri paruwasi n’amategeko ataziguye Gatete yatanze yo kwica Abatutsi bigaragaza ko yari afite igitekerezo cyo kwica umubare munini w’abantu, cyane cyane urebye uko ibintu byari byifashe igihe ubwo bwicanyi bwakorwaga.

643. Urugereko rusanze Gatete agomba kuryozwa icyaha cy’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4). Uburyowacyaha bwe nka gatozi, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, bugaragara neza kurushaho iyo uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ry’icyo cyaha rufashwe mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Ibimenyetso kandi bigaragaza ko Gatete yacuze umugambi wo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11Mata 1994, ahamagarira abandi bantu gukora ubwo bwicanyi, arabibategeka kandi abibashyigikiramo767. (iii) Paruwasi ya Mukarange, tariki ya 12 Mata 1994 644. Urugereko rwemeje ko ubwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 ari icyaha cya jenoside. Imyanzuro y’Urugereko igaragaza ko ubwo bwicanyi bwibasiye abantu kubera ubwoko bwabo. Urugereko rwanafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete agomba kuryozwa ubwo bwicanyi hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, kubera ko yacuze umugambi wo kubukora, agategeka abandi bantu kubukora, 767 Ni kimwe no haruguru. 69/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 348 akabibahamagarira, akabibashyigikiramo, kandi na we ubwe akabukora mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho.

645. Kuri iyo paruwasi hiciwe Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi. Urugereko rusanze rero ubwo bwicanyi bwaribasiye abantu benshi nk’uko bisabwa ku cyaha cy’itsembatsemba. Kubera umubare munini w’Abatutsi bari bahungiye kuri paruwasi, kubera ko Gatete yahageze azanye imbunda n’amagerenade, agatanga n’amabwiriza yeruye yo kwica Abatutsi, bitewe kandi n’ukuntu ibintu byari byifashe igihe ubwo bwicanyi bwakorwaga, Urugereko ntirushidikanya ko Gatete yari afite igitekerezo cyo kwica abantu benshi768.

646. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanze Gatete agomba kuryozwa icyaha cy’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4). Uburyowacyaha bwe nka gatozi, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, bugaragara neza kurushaho iyo uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ry’icyo cyaha rufashwe mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Ibimenyetso kandi bigaragaza ko Gatete yacuze umugambi wo kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994, ahamagarira abandi bantu gukora ubwo bwicanyi, arabibategeka kandi abibashyigikiramo769. 768 Ku byerekeranye no kuba Gatete yari afite igitekerezo cyo kwica umubare munini w’abantu, izindi ngingo zibishyigikira ku buryo buziguye ziri mu mwanzuro Urugereko rwafashe ku ruhare rwe mu bwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata. 769 Ni kimwe no haruguru. 68/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 349 5.4 Ubuhotozi 5.4.1 Intangiriro 647. Mu kirego cya 5 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego, Gatete ashinjwa ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 3 (a) ya Sitati. 5.4.2 Amategeko akurikizwa 648. Ubuhotozi ni igikorwa cyo kwica umuntu ubishaka ariko nta mpamvu yemewe n’amategeko ihari cyangwa ikuraho uburyozwacyaha. Bishobora kandi no kuba kumuteza ububabare buzahaza umubiri bikamuviramo gupfa ukora icyaha azi ko ubwo bubabare bushobora kuviramo uwahohotewe gupfa770. Zimwe mu Ngereko za Mbere z’Iremezo zemeje ko icyaha cy’ubuhotozi kidasaba gusa igitekerezo cyo kwica umuntu, ko ahubwo kinasaba ko nyir’ukugikora aba yabigambiriye771. Muri uru rubanza, Urugereko rusanga, ukurikije iyo myumvire yombi, ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ubwo bwicanyi buvugwa ari ubuhotozi bugize icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (III.2.3; III.5.3.iii). 5.4.3 Isesengura ry’Urugereko 649. Porokireri ashinja Uregwa ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange nk’ubuhotozi bugize icyaha cyibasiye 770 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2169, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Rubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be, Icyemezo ku byifuzo bisaba guhanagurwaho ibyaha (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 2 Gashyantare 2005, igika 25; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Karera mu rw’iremezo, igika 558. 771 Nk’urugereo, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagilishema mu rw’iremezo, igika 86; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 700; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 339. 67/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 350 inyokomuntu772. Ibindi Porokireri ashinja Uregwa birebana n’iki cyaha cy’ubuhotozi ntibyagaragajwe.

650. Urugereko rwamaze kwemeza ko iyicwa ry’Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba no kuri Paruwasi za Kiziguro na Mukarange ari icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. Urugereko rwanafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko Gatete agomba kuryozwa ubwo bwicanyi nka gatozi kubera ko yabucuriye umugambi, agahamagarira kandi agategeka abandi bantu kubukora, akabibashyigikiramo, na we ubwe akabukora mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Rushingiye kuri izo mpamvu, Urugereko rusanga kandi abakoze ubwicanyi aho hantu uko ari hatatu bari babigambiriye kandi abishwe barazize ubwoko bwabo.

651. Bityo rero, Urugereko rusanze Gatete agomba kuryozwa icyaha cy’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 5). Uburyowacyaha bwe nka gatozi, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (1) ya Sitati, bugaragara neza kurushaho iyo uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ry’icyo cyaha rufashwe mu buryo bw’ibanze bw’umugambi mubisha uhuriweho. Ibimenyetso kandi bigaragaza ko Gatete yacuze umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro no kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange, ahamagarira kandi ategeka abandi bantu gukora ubwo bwicanyi, kandi abibashyigikiramo773. 772 Inyandiko y’ibirego, ibika 34-35. 773 Ni kimwe no haruguru, ibisobanuro nomero 732-733 byo hasi ku rupapuro. 66/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 351 6.

GUHAMYA UMUNTU IBYAHA BYINSHI HASHINGIWE KU GIKORWA

KIMWE 6.1 Intangiriro 652. Urugereko rwasanze ibimenyetso byatanzwe bishyigikira imyanzuro yarwo irebana n’ingingo zinyuranye za Sitati ariko hashingiwe ku myitwarire imwe y’Uregwa. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko guhamya umuntu ibyaha byinshi hashingiwe ku gikorwa kimwe byemewe mu gihe buri cyaha gifite igisabwa cyihariye gikomeye kikiranga kidasabwa ku kindi cyaha774. Ikintu kigize icyaha runaka kiba gitandukanye cyane n’ikigize ikindi cyaha, iyo hasabwa ibimenyetso by’igikorwa runaka bidasabwa mu kindi cyaha775. Iyo icyo kintu kigenderwaho kitujujwe, Urugereko rugomba guhamya umuntu icyaha rushingiye gusa ku ngingo yihariye ya Sitati. Icyaha gisobanutse kurusha ikindi kiba gikubiyemo igisobanutse gake kubera ko iyo icya mbere cyakozwe bivuga ko n’icya kabiri cyakozwe byanze bikunze776.

653. Rushingiye kuri aya mahame y’amategeko, Urugereko rugiye gusuzuma niba rushobora guhamya Uregwa ibyaha binyuranye rushingiye ku myanzuro irebana n’inama yabereye 774 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 542, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu bujurire, ibika 358-370; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kordić na Čerkez mu bujurire, igika 1033; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krstić mu bujurire, igika 218; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Čelebići mu bujurire, igika 412. 775 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 542, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Čelebići mu bujurire, igika 412. Ikigenderwaho cyasobanuwe mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kunarac na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 168. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Vasiljević mu bujurire, ibika 135, 146; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krstić mu bujurire, igika 218. 776 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2111, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Galić mu bujurire, igika 163; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krstić mu bujurire, igika 218. 65/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 352 muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no ku bwicanyi bwabereye kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange. 6.2 Jenoside n’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside 654. Ku byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwakorewe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange, Urugereko rwemeje ko ibimenyetso byatanzwe bigaragaza ko Uregwa yakoze icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1) n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 3), kandi ibyo byaha byombi bifatwa nk’ibyaha bitandukanye mu ngingo ya 2 (3)(a) na 2 (3)(b) ya Sitati. Kuri ibyo byaha byombi, ibikorwa bigize icyaha [actus reus] biratandukanye ku buryo bugaragara. Mu gihe icyaha cya jenoside gisaba ko haba harakozwe kimwe mu bikorwa bivugwa mu ngingo ya 2 (2), icyaha cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside cyo gisaba gusa ko abantu baba baremeranyijwe gukora jenoside777. Bityo rero, ibikorwa cyangwa ibyo umuntu yateshutswe gukora bisabwa ngo ibyo byaha bibeho, biratandukanye778. Kubera iyo mpamvu, nk’uko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa ICTY ruherutse kubivuga mu rubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be, si ngombwa gukoresha byanze bikunze ubukemuramanza bw’Urugereko rw’Ubujurire ku byerekeranye no guhamya uregwa ibyaha binyuranye hashingiwe ku gikorwa kimwe, kuko igikorwa gisabwa ku cyaha 777 Reba ibyiciro III.2.1; III.4.2. 778 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa

Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2118, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 221; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, ibika 894, 896; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2087; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Krstić mu bujurire, igika 6. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 492. 64/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 353 cy’ubwumvikane ari ubwumvikane, kandi ubwo bwumvikane si ikintu cya ngombwa kigize icyaha cya jenoside779.

655. Bityo rero, hashingiwe ku miterere itandukanye y’ibyo byaha byombi, uregwa ashobora guhamya n’icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside. Cyakora kuri iki kibazo, ubukemuramanza ntibusobanutse neza, kubera ahari imiterere yihariye y’icyaha cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside. Urugereko rusanga ari ngombwa gusuzuma ukuntu Ingereko za Mbere z’Iremezo zakemuye icyo kibazo haba muri uru Rukiko cyangwa mu rwa ICTY.

656. Mu rubanza rwa Musema, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasuzumye ishingiro ry’icyaha cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, ari byo ko, kubera uburemere bw’icyaha cya jenoside, ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside bugomba guhanirwa, n’iyo nta gikorwa cyo kubitegura cyabaye780. Nk’icyaha kiganisha ku kindi, igikorwa cy’ubwumvikane ubwacyo ni cyo gihanirwa, aho kuba icyaha cyakurikiye ubwo bwumvikane. Rumaze gusuzuma ibiteganywa mu miryango y’amategeko agendera ku muco w’Abaromani n’uw’Abongereza, mu Rubanza rwa Musema Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwahisemo gukoresha igisobanuro cy’ubwumvikane kitabangamiye Uregwa. Rwakoresheje igisobanuro kidatuma Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside ngo 779 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2118. 780 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu rw’iremezo, igika 185, hasubirwamo ibyanditse muri Travaux Préparatoires [Imiriro itegura] y’Amasezerano kuri jenoside (Incamake y’Inyandikomvugo z’inama za Komite ya gatandatu y’Inteko Rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, 21 Nzeri-10 Ukwakira 1948, inyandikomvugo z’Inteko Rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye). 63/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 354 anahamwe n’icy’ubwumbvikane bugamije gukora jenoside hashingiwe ku bikorwa bimwe781.

657. Biraruhije guhuza imitekerereze y’Urugereko mu rubanza rwa Musema n’imitekerereze yarwo mu rubanza rwa Kambanda, aho uyu yahamijwe ibyaha binyuranye hashingiwe ku bintu bimwe byabaye, nyuma yo kwemera icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside782. Cyakora, Urugereko rusanga Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kambanda mu rw’iremezo itagira icyo ivuga kuri icyo kibazo, kandi Urugereko rw’Ubujurire ntirwasabwe kugira icyo rukivugaho.

658. Mu rubanza rwa Niyitegeka, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwasanze Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jeonside. Cyakora na none, icyo kibazo ubwacyo nticyasesenguwe ndetse nticyanavugwaho mu bujurire783. N’ubwo mu rubanza rwa Kajelijeli Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwemeye ko ubukemuramanza bw’uru Rukiko butavuga rumwe kuri icyo kibazo, ntirwasabwe kugaragaza niba rwahitamo gukoresha imitekerereze y’Urugereko mu rubanza rwa Musema cyangwa imitekerereze yarwo mu rubanza rwa Niyitegeka784. Uretse mu rubanza rwa Musema, icyo kibazo nticyasobanuwe birambuye muri izo manza zindi zivugwa. 781 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu rw’iremezo, ibika 193-194, 196 (ivuga ko imiryango y’amategeko igendera ku muco w’Abaromani itemera ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwumvikane ngo anahamwe n’icyaha cyaturutse kuri ubwo bwumvikane), igika 197 (havugwa ko mu miryango y’amategeko igendera ku muco w’Abongereza, urebye uregwa ashobora guhamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwumvikane hamwe n’icyaha cyakomotse kuri ubwo bwumvikane, ko ariko ibi byagiye binengwa, igika 198 (hakoreshwa igisobanuro kitabangamiye Musema). 782 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kambanda mu rw’iremezo, ibika 3, 39, 40 (1)-(2). 783 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu rw’iremezo, ibika 429, 480 na 502. 784 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu rw’iremezo, ibika 787-793. 62/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 355 659. Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwa ICTY mu rubanza rwa Popović ruherutse gusesengura icyo kibazo mu buryo burambuye. Rumaze gusuzuma ubukemuramanza bw’uru Rukiko ndetse n’ukuntu imiryango y’amategeko agendera ku muco w’Abaromani n’uw’Abongereza yakemuye iki kibazo, rwasanze harimo urujijo785. Cyakora, rwavuze ko ku byerekeranye no guhamya uregwa ibyaha binyuranye ku gikorwa kimwe, ikintu cy’ingenzi Urugereko rugomba kwitwararika cyane ari ukutarenganya uregwa786. Mu rubanza rwa Popović, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwavuze kandi ko guhamya umuntu icyaha gitegura ikindi, nk’ubwumvikane, bigamije kubuza ko icyaha cy’ibanze gikorwa. Iyo icyaha cy’ibanze cyakozwe, nta mpamvu ikomeye yatuma icyaha cy’ubwumvikane gihanirwa, cyane cyane ko « ikimenyetso kigaragaza icyaha cy’ibanze ari cyo cy’ingenzi kigenderwaho kugira ngo umuntu yemeze, ku buryo bucukumbuye, ko habanje kubaho ubwumvikane bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Na none kandi, icyo kimenyetso ni cyo gishingirwaho mu guhamya uregwa icyaha cy’ubwumvikane»787 .

660. Mu rubanza rwa Popović, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwafashe imyanzuro ivuga ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside kubera ko yitabiriye umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wo gukora ubuhotozi yaritswemo n’igitekerezo cya jenoside788. Kubera iyo mpamvu, rwafashe umwanzuro uvuga ko kumuhamya icyaha cy’ibanze cya jenoside byatumaga bitaba ngombwa kumuhamya icy’ubwumvikane, noneho ruhitamo gukoresha imitekerereze y’Urugereko rwa Mbere 785 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, ibika 2117-2123. 786 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi mu rw’iremezo, igika 2123 (Urugereko rwasanze «hashobora kubaho akarengane mu guhamya uregwa ibyaha byinshi hashingiwe ku gikorwa kimwe, kubera nk’urugero ko uregwa ahabwa igihano ndetse agahabwa akato mu muryango, ndetse hakaba n’ingaruka zijyanye no kurangiza igihano aba yarakatiwe»). 787 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2124. 788 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2125. 61/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 356 rw’Iremezo mu rubanza rwa Musema ivuga ko «uburyo butabangamira uregwa ari bwo bugomba gukoreshwa »789.

661. Urugereko rusanga uru rubanza rusa cyane n’urwa Popović. Mu by’ukuri, rushingiye ku bimenyetso bigaragaza ko Gatete yitabiriye umugambi mubisha uhuriweho, uru Rugereko rwafashe umwanzuro ucukumbuye uvuga ko Uregwa yanumvikanye n’abandi bantu ngo bakore jenoside muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange (III.4). Kubera izo mpamvu, no kubera ko kumuhamya icyaha cya jenoside adahamijwe n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside bitagabanya na gato uburyozwacyaha bw’Uregwa, Urugereko rufashe icyemezo cyo gukurikiza imitekerereze y’Ingereko za Mbere z’Iremezo mu rubanza rwa Popović n’urwa Musema790.

662. Bityo rero, Urugereko ntirumuhamya icya rimwe icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1) n’icy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside (ikirego cya 3) ku byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwakorewe kuri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange. Nyuma yo kwemeza ko imyanzuro yarwo igaragaza ko Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside ku birego byagaragajwe uko ari bitatu, Urugereko rusanze rutaryoza Uregwa icyaha cyo mu kirego cya 3 cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego. 6.3 Jenoside n’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu 663. Imyanzuro y’Urugereko ku cyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1) n’icy’itsembatsemba nk’cyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4), ishingiye ku myitwarire imwe. Mu ngingo ya 2 (3)(a) na 3 (b) ya Sitati, ibyo byaha byombi bifatwa nk’ibyaha 789 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Popović na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 2127. 790 Urugereko rusanga uyu mwanzuro utagira ingaruka ku gihano kubera uburemere bw’icyaha cya jenoside, kimwe n’imiterere y’uruhare rwa Gatete muri icyo cyaha. 60/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 357 bitandakukanye. Ubukemuramanza bw’uru Rukiko n’ubwa ICTY bugaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko buri cyaha kigizwe n’ibikiranga by’ingenzi bitandukanye. Icy’ingenzi kigize icyaha cya jenoside ni igitekerezo cyihariye cyo kurimbura abantu bose cyangwa igice cyabo bahuriye ku bwenegihugu, ku bwoko cyangwa ku idini. Icy’ingenzi kiranga itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, ni uko icyo cyaha kigomba kuba cyarakozwe mu rwego rw’igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda cyibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri791. Urugereko rushobora guhamya uregwa ibyaha byombi hashingiwe ku gikorwa kimwe792.

664. Bityo rero, Urugereko ruhamije Gatete icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1) n’icy’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4) ku byerekeranye n’uruhare yagize mu bwicanyi bwakorewe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange. 6.4 Itsembatsemba n’ubuhotozi nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu 665. Urugereko rwasanze ibimenyetso byatanzwe bishyigikira imyanzuro yarwo ku byaha byombi, icy’itsembatsemba n’icy’ubuhotozi nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4 n’icya 5) hashingiwe ku myitwarire imwe. Ibyo byaha byombi bifatwa nk’ibyaha bitandukanye mu ngingo ya 3 (b) n’iya (a) ya Sitati. Cyakora, ubukemuramanza bw’uru Rukiko buteganya ko bitemewe guhamya uregwa ibyo byaha byombi hashingiwe ku 791 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 542, hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu bujurire, igika 366. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 1029; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 426; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 318. 792 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 542, hasubirwamo ibyanditse mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu bujurire, igika 370. 59/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 358 bintu bimwe byabaye793. Ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu ntibufite ikintu kiburanga cy’ingenzi gitandukanye n’ikiranga itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu.

666. Hari Ingereko za Mbere z’Iremezo zavuze ko ku cyaha cy’ubuhotozi, bidahagije kugaragaza ko umuntu yari agamije kwica ko ahubwo ari na ngombwa kugaragaza ko yari yabigambiriye794. Cyakora, nk’uko Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rwabivuze mu rubanza rwa Semanza, « biraruhije kumva ukuntu umuntu yashaka kwica imbaga y’abaturage b’abasiviri azi ko icyo gikorwa kiri mu rwego rw’igitero rusange gishingiye ku ivangura, ariko ubwo bushake bukaba budahwanye cyangwa butegeranye cyane no kuba yagambiriye gukora ubwo bwicanyi »795. Muri make, ibigize icyaha cy’ubuhotozi bikubiye mu bigize itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, bikaba rero nta kibiranga cy’umwihariko cy’ingenzi bifite.

667. Kubera intera y’ubwicanyi bwakorewe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange, Urugereko rusanga icyaha cy’itsembatsemba (ikirego cya 4) ari cyo kigaragaza neza kurushaho uburyozwacyaha bw’Uregwa muri ubwo bwicanyi. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Urugereko ntirwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 5) ku byerekeranye n’ibivugwa bitatu 793Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana mu bujurire, igika 542, hasubirwamo ibyanditse mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu rw’iremezo, ibika 647-650; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rutaganda mu rw’iremezo, igika 422; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu rw’iremezo, igika 957; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, ibika 500-505. 794 Reba nk’urugero, Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagilishema mu rw’iremezo, igika 86; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntagerura na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, igika 700; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 339. 795 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu rw’iremezo, igika 503. 58/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 359 byagaragajwe. Bityo rero, Urugereko ntirwita ku kirego cya 5 cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego. IV. IMIKIRIZE Y’URUBANZA 668. Rumaze gusuzuma ibimenyetso byose n’ingingo zose z’ababuranyi, kubera impamvu zivugwa muri uru rubanza, Urugereko rufashe umwanzuro ukurikira abacamanza bose babyumvikanyeho: Ikirego cya 1: AHAMWA n’icyaha cya jenoside. Ikirego cya 2: NTARYOZWA icyaha cyo kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside. Ikirego cya 3: NTARYOZWA icyaha cy’ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside. Ikirego cya 4: AHAMWA n’icyaha cy’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyomuntu. Ikirego cya 5: NTARYOZWA icyaha cy’ubuhotozi nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. Ikirego cya 6: NTAHAMWA n’icyaha cyo gusambanya ku gahato, nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. 57/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 360 V. IGENAGIHANO 1.

INTANGIRIRO 669. Kubera ko rwahamije Gatete icyaha cya jenoside (ikirego cya 1) n’icy’itsembatsemba rigize icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu (ikirego cya 4), Urugereko rugomba kumugenera igihano gikwiye.

670. Igihano gitangwa kiba kigamije guha uwahamwe n’icyaha igihano kimukwiriye, guca intege uwashaka gukora icyaha nk’icyo, gutuma uwakoze icyaha yicuza no kurinda umuryango mugari w’abantu. Rushingiye ku ngingo ya 23 ya Sitati no ku ngingo ya 101 y’Amategeko, Urugereko rurazirikana urutonde rusange rw’ibihano by’igifungo bitangwa n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda, uburemere bw’icyaha cyangwa imyifatire yose y’Uregwa, ibintu byihariye birebana n’uregwa, birimo impamvu nyongeragihano, impamvu ngabanyagihano n’igihe uwahamwe n’icyaha yamaze muri gereza y’urukiko rw’igihugu afungiwe icyaha nk’icyo796. Nk’uko Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwabivuze, ibi si byo byonyine byitabwaho mu kugena igihano gikwiye. Byongeye kandi, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo rukura mu gihano gitanzwe igihe cyose uregwa yamaze muri gereza ategereje kwimurirwa mu Rukiko n’igihe yamaze afunzwe urubanza rurimo kuburanishwa797. 796 Ingingo ya 23 (1)-(3) ya Sitati n’Ingingo ya 101 (B)(i)-(iv) y’Amategeko. 797 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu bujurire, igika 290. Reba Ingingo ya 101 (C) y’Amategeko. 56/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 361 2. INGINGO Z’ABABURANYI 671. Porokireri avuga ko Gatete yagombye guhanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu kubera uburemere bw’icyaha cya jenoside. Asaba Urugereko guhanisha Gatete igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu kuri buri kirego cyo mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yahamijweho icyaha n’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo maze agasaba ko ibyo bihano byose byakomatanywa. Avuga ko uruhare rutaziguye yagize mu ikorwa ry’ibyaha ndengakamere rumushyira mu rwego rwa ba ruharwa. Ku byerekeye impamvu nyongeragihano, Porokireri avuga ko Gatete yakoresheje nabi umwanya we mu baturage n’ububasha yari afite. Avuga kandi umurava Uregwa yakoranye ibyo byaha, by’umwihariko kuba yaravukije abantu uburenganzira bwo guhungira ahantu hizewe, kubera ko yagize uruhare mu bitero byagabwe mu nsengero kandi hari impunzi zari zahahungiye. Porokireri yongeraho ko Gatete atakoranye na we, ko atagaragaje ko yicuza ibyo yakoze ndetse ko nta mpamvu nyoroshyagihano ziriho. Mu byo avuga, Porokireri yifashisha Sitati y’Urukiko n’ubukemuramanza, kimwe n’amategeko yo mu Rwanda798.

672. Ubwunganizi buvuga ko Gatete yari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi hagati y’umwaka wa 1982 n’uwa 1993 kandi ko, muri icyo gihe, yashyize Abatutsi mu myanya y’ubutegetsi muri komine ye ndetse ko yafataga Abahutu n’Abatutsi kimwe nta vangura. Buvuga kandi ko Gatete yemera ko jenoside yagize ingaruka mbi cyane ku baturage b’u Rwanda, bukongeraho ko ari umuntu w’imico myiza. Ubwunganizi bunavuga ku byerekeranye n’umuryango we, ku myaka ye ndetse no ku burwayi bwe799. 798 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 234-243. 799 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 12-23, 1272-1277. 55/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 362 3. ISESENGURA RY’URUGEREKO 3.1 Uburemere bw’icyaha 673. Ibyaha byose biteganywa na Sitati y’Urukiko ni ibyaha binyuranyije bikomeye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara800. Mu igenagihano, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo ruba rufite ububasha busesuye, ariko kandi bufite aho bugarukira, kubera ko rufite inshingano yo gukatira uregwa ibihano bimukwiye ku giti cye ruzirikana ibintu byihariye bimwerekeyeho n’uburemere bw’ibyaha yahamijwe801.

674. Ku byerekeranye no kugena igihano gikwiye, Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwavuze ko «ibihano bihabwa abantu bamwe mu manza zisa bigomba gusa ». Cyakora, rwongeyeho ko iyo mitekereze ifite aho igarukira kubera ko «buri rubanza rufite ibintu byinshi rutandukaniyeho n’izindi, birimo umubare n’ubwoko bw’ibyaha byakozwe n’ibintu byihariye byerekeranye n’uregwa»802.

675. Urugereko rwahamije Gatete icyaha cya jenoside n’icy’itsembatsemba rigize icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu ku byerekeranye n’ubwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange, muri Mata 1994. Nta washimangira bihagije uburemere bw’ibyo byaha byahitanye imbaga y’abantu bikanatera akababaro kenshi. 800 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu bujurire, igika 367 (hasubirwamo ibiteganywa n’Ingingo ya 1 ya Sitati). 801 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu bujurire, igika 291. 802 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kvočka na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 681. 54/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 363 676. Mu mategeko yo mu Rwanda, ibyaha nk’ibyo bihanishwa ibihano by’igifungo bishobora no kugera ku cya burundu, bitewe n’imiterere y’uruhare rw’uwakoze icyaha803. Muri uru Rukiko, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gihabwa muri rusange abantu bacuze umugambi cyangwa bategetse abandi gukora amarorerwa hamwe n’abategetsi bo hejuru804. 803 Urubanza rwa Kanyarukiga, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kwimurira urubanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 6 Kamena 2008, ibika 22-25 (hasuzumwamo urutonde rw’ibihano bitangwa n’inkiko z’u Rwanda); Urubanza rwa Gatete, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kwimurira urubanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 17 Ugushyingo 2008, ibika 22-25. Reba n’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 377 (« Kuba Ingereko za Mbere z’Iremezo zisabwa kuzirikana urutonde rusange rw’ibihano by’igifungo rukoreshwa n’inkiko z’u Rwanda, ntibuvuga ko izo Ngereko zigomba, byanze bikunze, gukurikiza urwo rutonde; Ingereko za Mbere z’Iremzo zisabwa gusa kuzirikana urwo rutonde»), hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Serushago mu bujurire, igika 30; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Dragan Nikolić mu bujurire, igika 69. 804 Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Renzaho mu rw’iremezo, igika 820, igisobanuro nomero 890 cyo

hasi ku rupapuro (hasubirwamo ibivugwa mu Nyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu bujurire, igika 383 (havugwa ko abayobozi n’abacuze umugambi w’intambara runaka ari bo bagomba kubiryozwa kurusha abandi, hazirikanwa ko mu kugena igihano ikigomba kwitabwaho mbere na mbere ari uburemere bw’icyaha). Abategetsi bo mu rwego rwo hejuru ba Leta n’ab’igisirikare bahanishijwe igifungo cya burundu mu manza zikurikira: Urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, ibika 2265, 2277 (Umukuru w’Ibiro muri Minisiteri y’Ingabo, Komanda wa Batayo y’Abaparakomando na Komanda w’Akarere k’ibikorwa bya gisirikare ka Gisenyi); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu rw’iremezo, ibika 505, 508, 511 (Minisitiri w’Imari); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Niyitegeka mu rw’iremezo, ibika 499, 502 (Minisitiri w’Itangazamakuru); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kambanda mu rw’iremezo, ibika 44, 61-62 (Minisitiri w’Intebe); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kamuhanda mu rw’iremezo, ibika 6, 764, 770 (Minisitiri w’Amashuri Makuru n’Ubushakashatsi). Mu zindi manza nyinshi, abategetsi bo mu nzego zo hasi kimwe n’abatari bafite imyanya muri Guverinoma bakatiwe igifungo cya burundu. Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora na bagenzi be mu rw’iremezo, ibika 2268, 2268-2269, 2278-2279 (Komanda wa Batayo y’Abaparakomando na Komanda w’Akarere k’ibikorwa bya gisirikare ka Gisenyi); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa 53/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 364 3.2 Ibintu byihariye byerekeranye n’Uregwa, impamvu zongera igihano n’izikigabanya 677. Urugereko rurasuzuma ibintu byihariye byerekeranye na Gatete, birimo impamvu zongera igihano n’izikigabanya. Impamvu nyongeragihano zigomba kugaragazwa ku buryo budashidikanywaho, naho impamvu nyoroshyagihano zigomba kugaragazwa hashingiwe ku bintu bishoboka kurusha ibindi805. Ikintu cyose cyihariye ntigishobora gufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano iyo ari kimwe mu bigize icyaha uregwa yahamijwe806. 3.2.1 Impamvu nyongeragihano 678. Urugereko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko iyo uregwa yakoresheje nabi umwanya we cyangwa ijambo yari afite bishobora gufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano807. N’ubwo Gatete adashinjwa ibyaha nk’umuntu wari ukuriye abandi hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 6 (3) ya Karera mu rw’iremezo, igika 585 (Perefe wa Perefegitura ya Kigali-Ngari); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kayishema na Ruzindana mu rw’iremezo, (Igihano), urup. 8 (Kayishema yari Perefe wa Perefegitura ya Kibuye); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 206 (Burugumesitiri); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Musema mu rw’iremezo, ibika 999-1008 (Umuyobozi w’uruganda rw’icyayi wavugaga rikijyana kandi agenzura abicanyi); Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Rutaganda mu rw’iremezo, ibika 466-473 (Visi-perezida wa kabiri w’Interahamwe mu rwego rw’igihugu). 805 Inyandiko

y’urubanza rwa Nahimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 1038; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kajelijeli mu bujurire, igika 294. 806 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 137; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđanin mu bujurire, igika 413. 807 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu bujurire, ibika 284-285; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 136; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 230. 52/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 365 Sitati, umwanya w’ubutegetsi yari afite ushobora kuzirikanwa mu igenagihano808. Mu by’ukuri, ibimenyetso bigaragaza ku buryo budahuzagurika ko Gatete yari umuntu ukomeye muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo. Yari yubashywe kandi afite ububasha kubera ko yari yarigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, no kubera umwanya yari afite muri Mata 1994 nk’Umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Abategarugori809. Kuba yarakoresheje nabi ububasha rusange yari afite ku bantu bagabaga ibitero bakoze ubwicanyi, ni impamvu nyongeragihano. Urugereko ruributsa ko muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, abagabaga ibitero na Konseye Bizimungu, 808 Nk’urugero, reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, igika 336 (« ikibazo cy’uburyozwacyaha bw’umuntu wari ukuriye abandi gitandukanye n’ikibazo cyo kumenya niba umwanya ukomeye Uregwa yari afite ushobora kugira ingaruka ku gihano yahabwa».). 809 BBP, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Ukwakira 2009, urup. 18 (« nk’umuyobozi wa komine, Gatete yari ayoboye igitero»), urup. 19 (igihe Gatete yazanjye n’abasirikare n’«abandi bategetsi », impunzi zacitse intege noneho ntizongera guhangana n’Interahamwe), urup. 44 (Gatete yari umutegetsi); LA41, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 8 (mu mwaka wa 1994, Gatete yari umukozi muri Minisiteri

y’Umuryango n’Iterambere ry’Abategarugori), 10 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri w’umunyamurava); LA43, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 59 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri w’umunyamurava); Karemera, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 21 (abantu bari bazi Gatete kandi kenshi baramuvugaga kubera ko yari yarigeze «kuyobora Komine ya Murambi » igihe kirekire); LA16, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 8 Werurwe 2010, urup. 60 (« Kuva kera nari nzi ko ari umutegetsi, kandi nagombaga kumwubaha. Namufataga kandi nakomezaga kumufata nk’umuyobozi cyangwa umutegetsi…. Namufataga nk’umutegetsi kubera ko yari yarigeze kuba burugumesitiri, ubwo rero yari umutegetsi. Igihe atari akiri burugumesitiri akajya gukorerera muri minisiteri, sinashoboraga kumusuzugura. Nakomezaga kumufata nk’umutegetsi »); LA27, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 10 Werurwe 2010, urup. 56 (Gatete yari azwi cyane nk’uwahoze ari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi); Ndayambaje, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 8 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri wagiraga umurava); Majoro, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 24 Werurwe 2010, urup. 27 (Gatete yari yubashwe kandi ari umutegetsi ukomeye); Karushya, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 25 Werurwe 2010, imp. 34-35 (Gatete yari akomeye kuko yari yari umutegetsi wari warigeze kuba burugumesitiri). Reba n’icyiciro cya I.3. 51/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 366 bateraniye hamwe kugira ngo Gatete abahe amabwiriza. Nyuma yaho, Interahamwe zashyize mu bikorwa amategeko ya Gatete. Kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange, Gatete yakoresheje ububasha bwe kugira ngo abantu babarirwa mu magana ndetse bashobora no kugera mu bihumbi bagabe ibitero ku basiviri b’Abatutsi.

679. Urugereko rufata kandi nk’impamvu nyongeragihano umubare munini w’abantu baguye mu bitero Gatete aryozwa nka gatozi byagabwe muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, no kuri Paruwasi ya Kiziguro n’iya Mukarange810. Runafata nk’impamvu nyongeragihano kuba ibitero byaragabwe kuri za paruwasi hari hahungiye abantu bitewe n’uko byari bizwi ku isi yose ko aho ari ahantu hatagomba kuvogerwa umuntu yahungira811.

680. Byongeye kandi, Gatete yagaragaje umurava udasanzwe mu byaha yakoze. Ntiyari gusa ahantu ibyaha byakorewe ahubwo yanatanze amategeko yeruye yo kwica Abatutsi, abwira abagabaga ibitero « gukora nta kujenjeka». Yatanze inkunga ikomeye ahantu hakorewe ubwicanyi kuko yahageze ari kumwe n’abasirikare n’abategetsi kandi azanye intwaro zishobora gukoreshwa mu kwica imbaga. Mu by’ukuri, yategetse ko abasiviri b’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana niba atari mu bihumbi, bicwa. Uruhare rw’ubuyobozi 810 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire ibika 337-338; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu bujurire, igika 135; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 440; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bagosora, Kabiligi, Ntabakuze na Nsengiyumva mu rw’iremezo, igika 2272; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Serugendo mu rw’iremezo, igika 90; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Karera mu rw’iremezo, igika 579; Inyandiko y’urubanza Rugambarara mu rw’iremezo, igika 24. 811 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Kamuhanda mu bujurire, igika 357; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ntakirutimana na bagenzi be mu bujurire, igika 563; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Karera mu rw’iremezo, ibika 579-580; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Muhimana mu rw’iremezo, igika 605. 50/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 367 yagize mu bwicanyi kubera ko yabucuriye umugambi, akanategeka ko bukorwa na rwo ni impamvu nyongeragihano812. 3.2.2 Impamvu nyoroshyagihano 681. Urugereko rwasuzumye amateka ya Gatete n’ibindi bintu byihariye bimwerekeyeho. Rwazirikanye igihe kinini yamaze ari umukozi wa Leta mu gihugu cye, by’umwihariko ukuntu yateje imbere Komine ya Murambi ubwo yayiboraga n’ukuntu yabanaga neza n’Abatutsi813. Urugereko rwanazirikanye ibyerekeranye n’umuryango wa Gatete ndetse 812 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Brđinin mu bujurire, igika 413. Cyakora, Urugereko ruributsa ko, n’ubwo Porokireri atari ko abibona, kuba Uregwa atarafashije Ubushinjacyaha ntibishobora gufatwa nk’impamvu nyongeragihano. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Bisengimana mu rw’iremezo, igika 127. 813 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 12-23; Nk’urugero, reba LA41, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 10 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri w’umunyamurava, wayoboye imishinga y’amajyambere kandi akubaka ibiraro, amashuri n’ibigo nderabuzima); LA43, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 59 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri w’umunyamurava wazanye amajyambere mu karere ke); LA40, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup. 19 (Gatete yakoze imihanda, yubaka ibiraro n’amashuri); Nikuze, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 5 Werurwe

2010 imp. 2-3 (Gatete yubakishije amashuri yisumbuye abiri muri komine hanyuma asaba imiryango yo hanze kuzana amazi n’umuriro); Habineza, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 11 Werurwe 2010, urup. 66 (Gatete yatangije ibikorwa by’amajyambere muri komine); Ndayambaje, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 15 Werurwe 2010, urup. 8 (Gatete yari burugumesitiri w’umunyamurava wazanye amajyambere muri komine. Yubatse amashuri, ibigo nderabuzima, amasoko n’ibiro bya komine); Habyarimana, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 16 Werurwe 2010, urup. 52 (igihe Gatete yari burugumesitiri, muri komine hari amajyambere). Ku byerekeranye n’imibanire ya Gatete n’Abatutsi, reba nk’urugero, LA41, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 11 (Igihe Gatete yari burugumesitiri, Abatutsi bo muri Komine ya Murambi nta bibazo bigeze bagira); LA43, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 2 Werurwe 2010, urup. 60 (Gatete ntiyangaga Abatutsi. Yabahaga akazi kandi agafata Abatutsi n’Abahutu kimwe). LA 40, iyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 3 Werurwe 2010, urup. 20 (Gatete yafataga kimwe abaturage bo muri komine kandi nta muntu n’umwe yigeze avangura); Nikuze, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 71 (amaze kuba burugumesitiri, Abatutsi 49/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 368 n’amagara ye814. Cyakora, kubera uburemere bw’ibyaha Gatete yakoze n’imiterere y’uruhare yabigizemo, Urugereko ntiruha agaciro kanini izi mpamvu nyoroshyagihano815.

4.

UMWANZURO 682. Urugereko rufite ububasha busesuye bwo gutanga igihano kimwe rukumbi816. Cyakora, rushimangira ko buri cyaha kivugwa muri buri kirego cy’Inyandiko y’ibirego gikwiye guhanishwa igihano gisumba ibindi kubera uburemere bw’ibyo byaha no kuba hari impamvu nyongeragihano zinyuranye.

683. Rumaze gusuzuma ibintu byose byerekeranye n’igihano bivugwa haruguru, Urugereko RUKATIYE Gatete: IGIHANO CY’IGIFUNGO CYA BURUNDU bahawe akazi kandi yabafataga kimwe n’Abahutu); Karemera, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 4 Werurwe 2010, urup. 20 (umuntu uwo ari we wese, yaba Umututsi, Umuhutu cyangwa Umutwa yashoboraga kwinjira muri koperative y’ubuhinzi Gatete yari yarashinze). 814 Imyanzuro nsozarubanza yanditse y’Ubwunganizi, ibika 1270, 1275-1277. 815 Urugereko ruributsa kandi ko imico myiza uregwa yari afite mbere y’ibyabaye ihabwa agaciro gato mu igenagihano. Reba Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Seromba mu bujurire, igika 235; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Semanza mu bujurire, ibika 334, 397, 398; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Gacumbitsi mu bujurire, igika 195. 816 Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Nahimana mu bujurire, ibika 1042-1043; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Simba mu rw’iremezo, igika 445; Inyandiko y’urubanza rwa Ndindabahizi mu rw’iremezo, igika 497. 48/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 369 5. IBYEMEZO BIJYANYE N’ICYO GIHANO 684. Uregwa azarangiriza igihano akatiwe mu gihugu Perezida w’Urukiko azaba yagennye amaze kugisha inama Urugereko. Gerefiye azabimenyesha Leta y’u Rwanda n’icyo gihugu kizaba cyagenwe.

685. Jean-Baptiste Gatete araguma muri gereza y’Urukiko mu buryo afunzwemo kugeza igihe yimuriwe mu gihugu azarangirizamo igihano cye.

686. Nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 102 (B) y’Amategeko, niharamuka habayeho ubujurire, irangizarubanza rizasubikwa kugeza igihe hafatiwe icyemezo kuri ubwo bujurire. Cyakora, Uregwa azakomeza kuba afunzwe. Bikorewe Arusha ku itariki ya 31 Werurwe 2011 Khalida Rachid Khan Lee Gacuiga Muthoga Aydin Sefa Akay Perezida Umucamanza Umucamanza [Kashe y’Urukiko] 47/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 370 UMUGEREKA A:

UKO IMIBURANISHIRIZE YAGENZE 1.

ICYICIRO CYABANJIRIJE IBURANISHA 1. Ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2000, Porokireri yatanze Inyandiko y’ibirego ya mbere ashinja Jean-Baptiste Gatete ibyaha bikubiye mu birego icumi bikurikira: jenoside, kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside, ariko iki cyaha akaba yakiryozwa ari uko icya jenoside kiramutse kitamuhamye, ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, guhamagarira abantu mu ruhame kandi mu buryo butaziguye gukora jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (itsembatsemba, ubuhotozi, gutoteza no gusambanya ku gahato); n’ibikorwa binyuranyije ku buryo bukomeye n’Amasezerano y’i Jeneve n’Inyongera yayo ya 2. Ku itariki ya 19 Ukuboza 2000, Umucamanza Pillay yemeje ibirego byose bikubiye mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2000817.

2. Gatete yafatiwe muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo ku itariki ya 11 Nzeri 2002, hubahirizwa itegeko ryatanzwe n’Umucamanza Pillay ku itariki ya 19 Ukuboza 2000818. Ku itariki ya 13 Nzeri 2002 yoherejwe muri gereza y’Urukiko.819 Gatete yitabye Urukiko bwa mbere ku itariki ya 20 Nzeri 2002 imbere y’Umucamanza Ostrovsky, icyo gihe yireguye avuga ko atemera ibirego byose uko ari icumi akurikiranyweho mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2000820. 817 Kwemeza Inyandiko y’ibirego (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 19 Ukuboza 2000. 818 Icyifuzo gisaba Gufata no kwimura umufungwa (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 19 Ukuboza 2000. 819 Itegeko rigena itariki Uregwa agomba kwitabiraho Urukiko bwa mbere, 17 Nzeri 2002. 820 Kwitaba Urukiko bwa mbere, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 20 Nzeri 2002 pp. 49-51. 46/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 371 3. Ku itariki ya 16 Mutarama 2003, hashyizweho Avoka mukuru muri uru rubanza ari we Bwana Richard Dubé821. Ku itariki ya 11 Gashyantare 2004, Urugereko rwashyizeho ingamba zinyuranye zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya bashinja822. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata 2007, Urugereko rwashyizeho ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya bashinjura823. Ku itariki ya 19 Mata 2007, Urugereko rwakoze inama ntegurarubanza kugira ngo rusuzume uko ibintu bimeze mu cyiciro mbanzirizarubanza824.

4. Ku itariki ya 17 Ugushyingo 2008, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cya Porokireri cyasabaga kohereza uru rubanza Gatete aregwamo muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda kugira ngo ruhaburanishirizwe825. 821 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyihutirwa cyane gisaba kwemererwa gutanga ingoboka mbazirizarubanza nyuma y’igihe giteganywa, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 72 (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 20 Mutarama 2004, igika 2. 822 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba ko hashyirwaho ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 11 Gashyantare 2004. 823 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba ko hashyirwaho ingamba zo kurinda umutekano w’abatangabuhamya (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 10 Mata 2007. 824 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha 19 Mata 2007. 825 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kohereza urubanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 17 Ugushyingo 2008. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 2008, Ibiro bya Perezida byemeje ko Inteko y’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo I ari yo igomba gusuzuma icyo cyifuzo hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 11 bis y’Amategeko (Itegeko rigena Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo I kugira ngo rusuzume icyifuzo cyo kohereza urubanza mu Rwanda). Ku itariki ya 27 Kanama 2008, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyo ku itariki ya 8 Mata 2008, cyasabaga ko habaho iburanisha rigamije gufasha Urugereko kuzafata umwanzuro ukwiye kuri iki kibazo (Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba ko habaho iburanisha). Ku itariki ya 30 Kanama n’iya 9 Nzeri 2008, Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo I rwemereye Ishyirahamwe mpuzamahanga ry’Abavoka bunganira abaregwa mu manza nshinjabyaha [« International Criminal Defence Attorneys Association »] na Repubulika y’u 45/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 372 5. Mu nama ntegurarubanza yo ku itariki ya 26 Werurwe 2009, Avoka mukuru Bwana Dubé yamenyesheje Urugereko rwasuzumaga ibibazo mu cyiciro mbanzirizarubanza ko we n’umwungirije, Madame Isabelle Téolis, batazaboneka kugira ngo bunganire Uregwa mu gihe cy’iburanisha826. Ku itariki ya 25 Mata 2009, Gerefiye yasezereye Bwana Dubé na Madame Téolis ashyiraho Madame Marie-Pierre Poulain nka Avoka mukuru wunganira Uregwa827.

6. Idosiye y’Urubanza imaze gushyikirizwa Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo III ku itariki ya 6 Nyakanga 2009, urwo Rugereko rwategetse ko urubanza ruzatangira kuburanishwa ku itariki ya 19 Ukwakira 2009, runategeka Porokireri gutanga imyanzuro mbazirizarubanza inonosoye bitarenze itariki ya 19 Kanama 2009828. Urugereko rwimuriye gutangira kuburanisha urubanza ku itariki ya 20 Ukwakira 2009829. Rwanda kurwitaba nk’abungura inama Urukiko (amicus curiae), nyuma y’uko babisabye bashingiye ku ngingo ya 74 (Icyemezo ku cyifuzo gisaba kwitaba Urukiko nk’abungura inama Urukiko). 826 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 26 Werurwe 2009, imp. 6-7. 827 Icyemezo gisezerera Bwana Richard Dubé, Avoka mukuru wunganira Uregwa Jean-Baptiste Gatete (Gerefiye), 25 Mata 2009; Icyemezo gisezerera Madame Isabelle Téolis, Avoka wungirije wunganira uregwa (Gerefiye), 25 Mata 2009; Ishyirwaho rya Madame Marie-Pierre Poulain nka Avoka mukuru wunganira Bwana Jean-Baptiste Gatete uregwa mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, (Gerefiye), 24 Mata 2009. 828 Imenyesha (Ibiro bya Perezida), 6 Nyakanga 2009; Itegeko rishyiraho itariki y’iburanisha (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 11 Kanama 2009. 829Itegeko rishyiraho itariki y’iburanisha (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 30 Nzeri 2009. 44/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 373 7. Ku itariki ya 21 Kanama 2009, Urugereko rwemeje ibintu bitagibwaho impaka by’ikimenyabose, harimo no kuba mu Rwanda harabaye jenoside mu wa 1994830.

8. Ku itariki ya 13 Ukwakira 2009, Urugereko rwasanze Porokireri atarubahirije inshingano ze zo guhererekanya amakuru nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 66 (A)(ii) y’Amategeko, ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya umwe. Urugereko rwategetse rero Porokireri gusuzuma bundi bushya inyandiko afite, kugira go arebe neza niba yarubahirije inshingano ze nk’uko ziteganywa n’ingingo ya 66 (A)(ii) y’amategeko831. 830 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kwemeza ibintu bitagibwaho impaka (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 21 Kanama 2009. 831 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba guhabwa amakuru hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’Ingingo ya 66 (A)(ii) no gushyiraho itariki y’itangira ry’urubanza (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 13 Ukwakira 2009. Urugereko rwemeye icyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba uruhushya rwo guhindura gahunda y’uko abatangabuhamya bashinja bazakurikirana, ashingiye ku mpamvu zirimo n’igabanuka ry’inyandiko zigomba gusuzumwa, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi n’icya Porokireri bisaba Urugereko gusubiramo icyemezo cyo ku itariki ya 13 Ukwakira 2009 no ku itariki Porokireri yagombaga gutangiriraho gutanga ibimenyetso (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 19 Ukwakira 2009 (« 19 Ukwakira 2009, Icyemezo gisubiramo icyari cyafashwe mbere »). Reba na none Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba guhindura urutonde rw’abatangabuhamya hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 73 bis (E) y’Amategeko Agenga

Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 19 Ukwakira 2009 (havanwaho abatangabuhamya babiri ku rutonde rw’abatangabuhamya bashinja). Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba uruhushya rwo kujuririra Icyemezo rwafashe ku itariki ya 19 Ukwakira 2009 gisubiramo icyemezo rwafashe mbere, maze rwemeza ko bibaye ngombwa hashobora kuboneka umuti w’ikibazo ku buryo urubanza rwaburanishwa mu buryo buboneye, ko kandi atari ngombwa kwimura itariki Porokireri yagombaga gutangiriraho gutanga ibimenyetso. Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba uruhushya rwo kujuririra Icyemezo cy’Urugereko cyo ku itariki ya 19 Ukwakira 2009 (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 10 Ugushyingo 2009. 43/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 374 9. Ku itariki ya 14 Ukwakira 2009, Urugereko rwakoresheje inama ntegurarubanza. Muri iyo nama, hashimangiwe ko iburanisha rizatangira ku itariki ya 20 Ukwakira 2009832.

2. UKO INYANDIKO Y’IBIREGO YAGIYE IHINDURWA 10. Ku itariki ya 29 Werurwe 2004, Urugereko rwategetse Porokireri guhindura Inyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2000 no gutanga amakuru arambuye kurushaho ku birego bimwe na bimwe833. Ku itariki ya 21 Mata 2005, Urugereko rwemeye icyifuzo cya Porokireri cyasabaga gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe834. Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe yatanzwe ku itariki ya 10 Gicurasi 2005, ikubiyemo ibirego bitandatu Gatete aregwa ari byo: jenoside, kuba icyitso cy’abakoze jenoside, iki cyaha akaba yakiryozwa mu gihe icyaha cya jenoside kitamuhamye, ubwumvikane bugamije gukora jenoside, hamwe n’itsembatsemba, ubuhotozi no gusambanya ku gahato nk’ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu.

11. Ku itariki ya 3 Nyakanga 2009, Urugereko rwategetse Porokireri gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego ya kabiri itanga amakuru arambuye ku byaha bimwe na bimwe mu gihe kitarenze iminsi itanu iki cyemezo kimaze gusohoka835. Porokireri yatanze Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe ya kabiri ku itariki ya 7 Nyakanga 2009, ari yo igenderwaho836. 832 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 14 Ukwakira 2009. 833 Icyemezo ku ngoboka mbanzirizarubanza z’Ubwunganizi (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 29 Werurwe 2004. 834 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba uruhushya rwo gutanga Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 21 Mata 2005. 835 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi kirebana n’inenge ziri mu Nyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 3 Nyakanga 2009. Urugereko rwanze guha Ubwunganizi uburenganzira bwo kujuririra icyo 42/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 375 12. Ku itariki ya 2 Ukwakira 2009, Urugereko rwemeye kuri bimwe icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyagaragazaga ko hari inenge zigaragara mu myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, maze rwemeza ko bimwe mu bivugwa mu myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ntaho bihuriye n’uru rubanza837.

3.

IMIBURANIRE YA POROKIRERI 13. Ku itariki ya 21 Nyakanga 2009, Porokireri yatanze Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza y’agateganyo. Nyuma y’itegeko rishyiraho itariki y’iburanisha ryatanzwe n’Urugereko ku itariki ya 11 Kanama 2009, Porokireri yaje gutanga imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza igenderwaho ku itariki ya 19 Kanama 2009838.

14. Porokireri yatangiye gutanga ibimenyetso bye mu rubanza ku itariki ya 20 Ukwakira 2009. Porokireri yatanze ibimenyetso mu rubanza mu byiciro bibiri, kuva ku itariki ya 20 kugera ku ya 22 Ukwakira 2009, no kuva ku itariki ya 2 kugera ku ya 16 Ugushyingo 2009. Mu minsi 13 y’iburanisha, Porokireri yahamagaje abatangabuhamya 22 anatanga ibimenyetso gihamya 39. cyemezo mu cyemezo rwafashe ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kujuririra icyemezo cy’Urugereko kirebana n’inenge ku Nyandiko y’ibirego (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 19 Kanama 2009. 836 Inyandiko y’ibirego, 7 Nyakanga 2009. 837 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi kivuga ko hari inenge ku myanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri yo ku itariki ya 19 Kanama 2009 (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 2 Ukwakira 2009. 838 Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, hashingiwe ku itegeko rishyiraho itariki y’iburanisha ryatanzwe n’Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo ku itariki ya 11 Kanama 2009. 41/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 376 15. Ku itariki ya 22 Ukwakira 2009, Urugereko rwategetse ko abatangabuhamya bashinja bafunze boherezwa Arusha839. Ku itariki ya 18 Ukuboza 2009, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba ko Ubwunganizi bwashyira ahagaragara imyiregurire ya sinari mpari y’uregwa, kuko rwasanze nta mpamvu zihagije zaherwaho hemezwa ko Ubwunganizi buteganya kuziyambaza iyo myiregurire840. Ku itariki ya 23 Ugushyingo 2009, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba inyandiko zirebana n’imanza zo mu Rwanda no gutegeka Porokireri gushaka izo nyandiko, ariko, rubyibwirije, rwategetse Porokireri gukora ibishoboka akabaza abayobozi mu Rwanda inyandiko zirebana n’imanza abatangabuhamya bashinja batatu baba baraburanye, ayo makuru aramutse ariho agahita ayashyikiriza Ubwunganizi, kandi agatanga raporo y’ibyo yakoze kuri icyo kibazo841.

4. IMIBURANIRE Y’UBWUNGANIZI 16. Ku itariki ya 26 Gicurasi 2009, Urugereko rwakoze inama ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura, hakurikijwe ingingo ya 73 ter y’Amategeko842.

17. Ku itariki ya 19 Ugushyingo 2009, Urugereko rwategetse ko Ubwunganizi buzatangira gutanga ibimenyetso ku itariki ya 1 Werurwe 2010 kandi bugatanga imyanzuro 839 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kwimura abatangabuhamya bafunze, hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’Ingingo ya 90 bis (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 22 Ukwakira 2009. 840 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kumenyeshwa amakuru arambuye ku myiregurire ya sinari mpari y’uregwa (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 18 Ukuboza 2009. 841 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kumenyeshwa ibirebana n’imanza zo mu Rwanda, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 66 (A) (ii) no gutegeka Porokireri gushaka Inyandiko (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 23 Ugushyingo 2009. 842 Inama ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura, inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 26 Gicurasi 2009. 40/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 377 ibanzirinza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura bitarenze ku itariki ya 29 Mutarama 2010843. Imyanzuro ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura yatanzwe ku itariki ya 29 Mutarama 2010, itangirwa hamwe n’urutonde rw’abatangabuhamya bashinjura, incamake y’ubuhamya bashobora kuzatanga n’urutonde rw’ibimenyetso gihamya. Ku itariki ya 2 Gashyantare 2010, Urugereko rwatanze irindi tegeko risaba Ubwunganizi kuzatanga ibimenyetso bishinjura kuva ku itariki ya 2 kugeza ku ya 31 Werurwe 2010 kandi hakazabaho inama isuzuma aho urubanza rugeze ku itariki ya 23 Gashyantare 2010. Rwanategetse Ubwunganizi kuba bwatanze urutonde rw’abatangabuhamya rusubiwemo ku itariki ya 19 Gashyantare 2010844. Ku itariki ya 19 Gashyantare 2010, Ubwunganizi bwatanze urutonde ruriho abatangabuhamya 36. Ku itariki ya 23 Gashyantare 2010, Urugereko rwategetse ko abatangabuhamya bashinjura bafunze boherezwa Arusha845.

18. Ku itariki ya 24 Ugushyingo 2009, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba ko igice kimwe cy’ibimenyetso byatanzwe na Porokireri kivanwa mu bindi. Urugereko 843 Itegeko rishyiraho itariki Ubwunganizi buzatangirira gutanga ibimenyetso bishinjura (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 19 Ugushyingo 2009. Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyarusabaga gutegeka ko ibimenyetso birebana n’ibikorwa byakozwe mbere ya 1994, nk’uko byagaragajwe na Porokireri mu buhamya bw’abatangabuhamya bashinja, ahubwo rwemeje ko ruzasuzuma nyuma ireme n’agaciro bya buri kimenyetso cyatanzwe ku birebana n’ibyabaye mbere ya 1994, ubwo ruzaba rusesengura ibimenyetso byose hamwe uko byakabaye. Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba Urugereko kutakira ibivugwa byabaye mu gihe kinyuranye n’icyo ibikorwa rufitiye ububasha bwo kuburanisha byabereye (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 3 Ugushyingo 2009. Reba na none Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba uruhushya rwo kujuririra icyemezo cyo ku itariki ya 3 Ugushyingo 2009 (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 8 Ukuboza 2009. 844 Itegeko rishyiraho ingengabihe kandi risaba Ubwunganizi kugabanya umubare w’abatangabuhamya buzatanga (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 2 Gashyantare 2010. 845 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kwimura abatangabuhamya bafunze, hakurikijwe ingingo ya 90 bis (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 23 Gashyantare 2010. 39/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 378 rwibukije ko « agaciro nyako k’ikimenyetso cyakiriwe, niba hari akariho, kagenwa nyuma, mu gihe cyo gusesengura ibimenyetso byose byatanzwe »846.

19. Ku itariki ya 15 Ukuboza 2009, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyasabaga kwakira nk’ikimenyetso, inyandikomvugo y’ubuhamya (pro justitia) yari yakiriwe igahabwa na numero iyiranga, kubera ko butari bwayitanzeho amakuru agaragaza ko ikwiye kwizerwa847.

20. Ku itariki ya 26 Werurwe 2010, Urugereko rwemeye kuri bimwe icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kutakira ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe no gusobanura neza imyiregurire yabwo. Urugereko rwafashe icyemezo cyo kutakira ibice bimwe by’ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’abatangabuhamya babiri bashinja, kubera ko bitamenyeshejwe abo bireba mu buryo bukwiye848. 846 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba gukura ibimenyetso bimwe mu bigomba gutangwa (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 24 Ugushyingo 2009, Igika 18. Urugereko rwimye Ubwunganizi uruhushya rwo kujuririra icyo cyemezo. Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba uruhushya rwo kujuririra icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba gukura ibimenyetso bimwe mu bigomba gutangwa, 21 Mutarama 2010. 847 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kwakira MFI/3 nk’ikimenyetso, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 89 (C) y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 15 Ukuboza 2009. 848 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba Urugereko kuvana ibimenyetso bimwe mu bigomba gutangwa no kwerekana neza ibyo Ubwunganizi bugomba kwireguraho (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 26 Werurwe 2010. Urugereko rwavanyeho ibice by’ubuhamya birebana n’ibikorwa Uregwa yaba yarakoreye ku kigo cy’imfubyi cya Gakoni, n’ibice by’ubuhamya bivuga ko Gatete yakoze urutonde rw’abantu bagombaga kwicwa rugasohoka mu kinyamakuru muri Mutarama 1994. Kuri ibyo birego uko ari bibiri, Urugereko rwasanze Ubwunganizi butaramenyeshejwe mu buryo bukwiye amakuru arebana na byo. 38/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 379 21. Ubwunganizi bwatanze ibimenyetso bishinjura kuva ku itariki ya 2 kugeza ku ya 29 Werurwe 2010 mu gihe cy’iminsi 17 y’iburanisha. Ubwunganizi bwahamagaje abatangabuhamya 27 bunatanga ibimenyetso gihamya 107.

5.

KUJYA AHO IBYAHA BYAKOREWE 22. Mu nama ntegurarubanza yabaye ku itariki ya 29 Werurwe 2010, Urugereko, rubyibwirije, rwasanze bikwiye kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe mu Rwanda maze rufata icyemezo cyo kujyayo849. Mu yindi nama ntegurarubanza yabaye ku itariki ya 31 Werurwe 2010, Urugereko rwategetse ko ababuranyi batanga imyanzuro yabo isoza bitarenze ku itariki ya 25 Kamena 2010, ko ingingo zisoza zizumvwa ku itariki ya 13 ndetse byaba ngombwa, no ku ya 14 Nyakanga 2010, ko kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe bizakorwa kuva ku itariki ya 10 kugeza kuya 16 Kamena 2010, ko kandi Ababuranyi bazatanga ingingo zabo kuri icyo kibazo ku itariki ya 30 Mata 2010850.

23. Ku itariki ya 17 Kamena 2010, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kwigizayo itariki yo kujya aho icyaha cyakorewe n’iyo gutanga ingingo zisoza, kandi rwerekanye inzira izanyurwamo mu gihe cyo gusura aho icyaha cyakorewe, runavuga uburyo bizakorwamo851. Ku itariki ya 20 Nzeri 2010, Urugereko rwashyizeho 849 Inyandikomvugo y’iburanisha, 29 Werurwe 2010, urup. 3. 850 Itegeko rishyiraho ingengabihe yo gutanga imyanzuro nsozarubanza, y’iburanisha rizatangirwamo imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo, n’iyo kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe mu Rwanda (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 31 Werurwe 2010. 851 Icyemezo kirebana no kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 17 Kamena 2010. Reba na none Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba gusuzuma bundi bushya Icyemezo cyafashwe ku cyifuzo cyo kwigizayo itariki yo kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe cyangwa gushyiraho ingamba zikaze zo kurinda umutekano mu 37/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 380 ingengabihe maze ruhindura amatariki yo kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe n’ayo kumva ingingo nsozarubanza852. Urugereko rwagiye aho ibyaha byakorewe mu Rwanda kuva ku itariki ya 16 kugeza kuya 31 Ukwakira 2010. Raporo ya Gerefiye irebana n’urugendo rw’aho ibyaha byakorewe yatanzwe ku itariki ya 3 Ugushyingo 2010, ababuranyi batanga ingingo zabo ku byagezweho mu rugendo rw’aho ibyaha byakorewe, ku itariki ya 5 Ugushyingo 2010853.

6.

IMIBURANISHIRIZE YAKURIKIYEHO 24. Ku itariki ya 24 Kamena 2010, Urugereko rwanze icyifuzo cya Porokireri n’icy’Ubwunganizi byasabaga kwakira inyandiko z’ubuhamya nk’ibimenyetso kuko rwasanze izo nyandiko zitujuje ibyangombwa biteganywa n’ingingo ya 92 bis, nyuma ruza no kwanga icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi cyasabaga kwigiza inyuma itariki y’itangwa ry’imyanzuro nsozarubanza854. gihe cyo kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe, no gusaba ko abayobozi b’u Rwanda bagaragaza mu nyandiko ko Avoka wunganira Uregwa afite ubudahangarwa (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 6 Nyakanga 2010. 852 Itegeko rishyiraho ingengabihe yo kujya aho ibyaha byakorewe n’iy’iburanisha rizatangirwamo imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu magambo (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 20 Nzeri 2010. 853 Ibivugwa na Porokireri ku birebana n’ibyavuye mu rugendo rw’aho ibyaha byakorewe, 5 Ugushyingo 2010; Ibivugwa n’Ubwunganizi ku birebana n’ibyavuye mu rugendo rw’aho ibyaha byakorewe kuva ku itariki ya 26 kugeza ku ya 31 Ukwakira 2010, 5 Ugushyingo 2010. 854 Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi n’icya Porokireri bisaba kwakira inyandikomvugo z’ubuhamya, n’icyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba kwigizayo itariki yo gutanga imyanzuro nsozarubanza (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 24 Kamena 2010. Reba na none icyemezo ku cyifuzo cy’Ubwunganizi gisaba Urugereko gusubiramo icyemezo cyarwo cyo ku itariki ya 24 Kamena 2010 cyangwa kubuha uruhushya rwo kujuririra icyo cyemezo (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 14 Nyakanga 2010. 36/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 381 25. Ababuranyi batanze imyanzuro yabo nsozarubanza ku itariki ya 25 Kamena 2010. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza mu mgambo yumviswe mu iburanisha ryo ku itariki ya 8 Ugushyingo 2010.

26. Ku itariki ya 29 Werurwe 2011, Urugereko rwasomye incamake y’Inyandiko y’urubanza rwaciye. Rwahamije Gatete icyaha cya jenoside, n’itsembatsemba nk’icyaha cyibasiye inyoko muntu. Inyandiko y’urubanza yasohotse ku itariki ya 31 Werurwe 2011 imaze kunonosorwa. 35/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 382 UMUGEREKA B: INYANDIKO ZIFASHISHIJWE N’IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO 1.

UBUKEMURAMANZA 1.1. TPIR [Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda] Akayesu Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Paul Akayesu, No ICTR-96-4-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 1 Kamena 2001. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Paul Akayesu, No ICTR-96-4-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 2 Nzeri 1998. Bagilishema Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Ignace Bagilishema, No ICTR-95-1A-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 7 Kamena 2001. Bagosora na bagenzi be Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Théoneste Bagosora na bagenzi be, No ICTR-98-41-T, Icyemezo ku byifuzo bisaba guhanagurwaho ibyaha (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 2 Gashyantare 2005. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Théoneste Bagosora na bagenzi be, No ICTR 98-41-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 18 Ukuboza 2008. 34/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 383 Bisengimana Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Paul Bisengimana, No ICTR-00-60-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 12 Mata 2008. Gacumbitsi Urubanza Sylvestre Gacumbitsi aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-2001-64-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 7 Nyakanga 2006. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Sylvestre Gacumbitsi, No ICTR-2001-64-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’Iremezo, 17 Kamena 2004. Gatete Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-PT, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba Urugereko kwemeza ibyabaye bizwi na bose ababuranyi batagomba kujyaho impaka (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 21 Kanama 2009. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-200-61-R11bis, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kwimurira urubanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 17 Ugushyingo 2008. Kajelijeli Urubanza Juvénal Kajelijeli aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-98-44A-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 23 Gicurasi 2005. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Juvénal Kajelijeli, No ICTR-98-44A-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 1 Ukuboza 2003. 33/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 384 Kalimanzira Urubanza Callixte Kalimanzira aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-05-88-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 20 Ukwakira 2010. Kamuhanda Urubanza Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-99-54A-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 19 Nzeri 2005. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean de Dieu Kamuhanda, No ICTR-95-54A-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 22 Mutarama 2004. Kanyarukiga Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Gaspard Kanyarukiga, No ICTR-2002-78-R11bis, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo cya Porokireri gisaba kwimurira urubanza muri Repubulika y’u Rwanda (Urugereko rwa Mbere rw’Iremezo), 6 Kamena 2008. Karemera na bagenzi be Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Karemera na bagenzi be, No ICTR-98-44-AR73(C), Icyemezo ku bujurire bwa Porokireri ku Cyemezo kirebana n’icyifuzo gisaba Urugereko kwemeza ibyo ababuranyi batagomba kujyaho impaka (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 16 Kamena 2006. Karera Urubanza François Karera aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-01-74-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 2 Gashyantare 2009. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na François Karera, No ICTR-01-74-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 7 Ukuboza 2007. 32/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 385 Kayishema na Ruzindana Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Clément Kayishema na Obed Ruzindana, No ICTR-95-I-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 1 Kamena 2001. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Clément Kayishema na Obed Ruzindana, No ICTR-95-I-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 21 Gicurasi 1999. Mpambara Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean Mpambara, No ICTR-01-65-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 11 Nzeri 2006. Muhimana Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Mikaeli Muhimana, No ICTR-95-1B-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 28 Mata 2005. Musema Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Alfred Musema, No ICTR-96-13-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 16 Ugushyingo 2001. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Alfred Musema, No ICTR-96-13-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 27 Mutarama 2000. Nahimana na bagenzi be Urubanza Ferdinand Nahimana na bagenzi be baburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-99-52-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 28 Ugushyingo 2007 31/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 386 Ndindabahizi Urubanza Emmanuel Ndindabahizi aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-01-71-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 16 Mutarama 2007. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Emmanuel Ndindabahizi, No ICTR-2001-71-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 15 Nyakanga 2004. Niyitegeka Urubanza Eliézer Niyitegeka aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-96-14-R, Icyemezo ku cyifuzo gisaba ko urubanza rusubirwamo kubera ingingo nshya (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 30 Kamena 2006. Urubanza Eliézer Niyitegeka aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-96-14-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 9 Nyakanga 2004. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Eliézer Niyitegeka, No ICTR-96-14-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 16 Gicurasi 2003. Ntagerura na bagenzi be Urubanza Porokireri aburana na André Ntagerura na bagenzi be, No ICTR-99-46-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 7 Nyakanga 2006. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na André Ntagerura na bagenzi be, No ICTR-99-46-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 25 Gashyantare 2004. Ntakirutimana Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Elizaphan Ntakirutimana na Gérard Ntakirutimana, No ICTR- 96-10-A na No ICTR-96-17-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 13 Ukuboza 2004. 30/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 387 Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Elizaphan Ntakirutimana na Gérard Ntakirutimana, No ICTR- 96-10 na No ICTR-96-17-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 21 Gashyantare 2003. Ntawukulilyayo Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Dominique Ntawukulilyayo, No ICTR-05-82-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 3 Kanama 2010. Renzaho Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Tharcisse Renzaho, No ICTR-97-31-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 14 Nyakanga 2009. Rugambarara Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Juvénal Rugambarara, No ICTR-00-59-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 16 Ugushyingo, 2007. Rukundo Urubanza Emmanuel Rukundo aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-2001-70-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 20 Ukwakira 2010. Urubanza Emmanuel Rukundo aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-2001-70-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 27 Gashyantare 2009. Rutaganda Urubanza Georges Anderson Nderubumwe Rutaganda aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-96-03- R, Icyemezo ku byifuzo by’Uregwa bikubiye mu nyandiko imwe bisaba ibi bikurikira: Gusubiramo urubanza, gusubiramo urubanza kubera ingingo nshya, kugena Avoka wunganira 29/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 388 Uregwa, kumenyekanisha amakuru, no gusobanura neza ibintu bimwe na bimwe, (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 8 Ukuboza 2006. Urubanza Georges Anderson Nderubumwe Rutaganda aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-96-3-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 26 Gicurasi 2003. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Georges Anderson Nderubumwe Rutaganda, No ICTR-96-3-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 6 Ukuboza 1999. Rwamakuba Urubanza Porokireri aburana na André Rwamakuba, No ICTR-98-44-A, Icyemezo ku bujurire bwerekeye icyemezo cyafashwe ku ndihano ikwiye (Urugereko rw’Ubujurire), 13 Nzeri 2007. Semanza Urubanza Laurent Semanza aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-97-20-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 20 Gicurasi 2005. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Laurent Semanza, No ICTR-97-20-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 15 Gicurasi 2003. Seromba Urubanza Athanase Seromba aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-2001-66-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 12 Werurwe 2008. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Athanase Seromba, No ICTR-2001-66-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 13 Ukuboza 2006. 28/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 389 Serugendo Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Joseph Serugendo, No ICTR-2005-84-I, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 12 Kamena 2006. Serushago Urubanza Omar Serushago aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-98-39-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 6 Mata 2000. Simba Urubanza Aloys Simba aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-01-76-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza n’igenagihano mu bujurire, 27 Ugushyingo 2007. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Aloys Simba, No ICTR-01-76-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza n’igenagihano mu rw’iremezo, 13 Ukuboza 2005. Zigiranyirazo Urubanza Protais Zigiranyirazo aburana na Porokireri, No ICTR-01-73-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 16 Ugushyingo 2009. 1.2. TPIY [Urukiko Mpanambyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho Icyahoze cyitwa Yugosilaviya] Aleksovski Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Zlatko Aleksovski, No IT-95-14/1-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 24 Werurwe 2000. 27/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 390 Blagojević na Jokić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Vidoje Blagojević na Dragan Jokić, No IT-02-60-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 9 Gicurasi 2007. Blaškić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Tihomir Blaškić, No IT-95-14-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 29 Nyakanga 2004. Brđanin Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Radoslav Brđanin, No IT-99-36-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 3 Mata 2007. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Radoslav Brđanin, No IT-99-36-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 1 Nzeri 2004. Brđanin na Talić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Radoslav Brđanin na Momir Talić, No IT-99-36-PT, Icyemezo ku bibazo byabyukijwe na Momir Talić ku myandikire y’Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe, 20 Gashyantare 2001 Delalić na bagenzi be Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Zejnil Delalić na bagenzi be, No IT-96-21-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 20 Gashyantare 2001. Galić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Stanislav Galić, No IT-98-29-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 30 Ugushyingo 2006. 26/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 391 Jesilić Urubanza Goran Jesilić aburana na Porokireri, No. IT-95-10-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 5 Nyakanga 2001. Kordić na Čerkez Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Dario Kordić na Mario Čerkez, No IT-95-14/2-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 17 Ukuboza 2004. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Dario Kordić na Mario Čerkez, No IT-95-14/2-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 26 Gashyantare 2001. Krajišnik Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Momčilo Krajišnik, No IT-00-39-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 27 Nzeri 2006. Krnojelac Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Milorad Krnojelac, No IT-97-25-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 17 Nzeri 2003. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Milorad Krnojelac, No IT-97-25-A, Icyemezo ku ngoboka mbanzirizarubanza yerekeye imiterere y’Inyandiko y’ibirego yahinduwe, 11 Gashyantare 2000. Krstić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Radoslav Krstić, No IT-98-33-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 19 Mata 2004. 25/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 392 Kunarac Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Dragoljub Kunarac na bagenzi be, No. IT-96-23 na 96-23/1- A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 12 Kamena 2002. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Dragoljub Kunarac na bagenzi, No IT-96-23-T na 96-23/1-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 22 Gashyantare 2001. Kupreškić na bagenzi be Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Zoran Kupreškić na bagenzi be, No IT-95-16-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 23 Ukwakira 2001. Kvočka Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Miroslav Kvočka na bagenzi be, No IT-98-30-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 28 Gashyantare 2005. Limaj Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Fatmir Limaj na bagenzi be, No IT-03-66-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 30 Ugushyingo 2005. Mucič na bagenzi be Urubanza Mucič na bagenzi be baburana na Porokireri, No IT-96-21-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 20 Gashyantare 2001. Nikolić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Dragan Nikolić, No IT-94-2-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 4 Gashyantare 2005. 24/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 393 Popović na bagenzi be Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Vujadin Popović na bagenzi be, No IT-05-88-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 10 Kamena 2010. Simić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Blagoje Simić, No IT-95-9-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 28 Ugushyingo 2006. Stakić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Milomir Stakić, No IT-97-24-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 22 Werurwe 2006. Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Milomir Stakić, No IT-97-24-T, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu rw’iremezo, 31 Nyakanga 2003. Tadić Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Duško Tadić, No IT-94-1-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 15 Nyakanga 1999. Vasiljević Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Mitar Vasiljević, No IT-98-32-A, Inyandiko y’urubanza mu bujurire, 25 Gashyantare 2004. 23/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 394 2.

IBISOBANURO BY’AMAGAMBO

AMWE N’AMWE

YAKORESHEJWE N’IMPINAMAGAMBO Amategeko Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, yemejwe hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 14 ya Sitati.

AVEGA Ishyirahamwe ry’Abapfakazi ba jenoside FAR Ingabo z’u Rwanda. FPR Umuryango wa FPR ICTR cyangwa Urukiko Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rushinzwe gucira imanza abantu bakekwaho kuba barakoreye mu Rwanda ibyaha bya jenoside cyangwa ibindi byaha binyuranyije ku buryo bukomeye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara, n’Abanyarwanda bakekwaho kuba barabikoreye mu bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda hagati y’itariki ya 1 Mutarama n’iya 31 Ukuboza 1994. 22/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 395 ICTY [TPIY] Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rushinzwe gucira imanza abantu bakekwaho kuba barakoreye mu cyahoze cyitwa Yugosilaviya ibyaha binyuranyije ku buryo bukomeye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga arengera abantu mu gihe cy’intambara kuva mu wa 1991 Imyanzuro y’Ubwunganizi ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-T, Imyanzuro ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 73 ter (B) y’Amategeko Agenga Imiburanishirize n’Itangwa ry’Ibimenyetso, 29 Mutarama 2010. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri yo ku itariki ya 21 Nyakanga 2009 Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-I, Imyanzuro mbanzi- rizarubanza ya Porokireri, 21 Nyakanga 2009. Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-I, Imyanzuro mbanzirizarubanza ya Porokireri, 11 Kanama 2009. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-T, Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, 25 Kamena 2010. Imyanzuro nsozarubanza y’Ubwunganizi Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-T, Imyanzuro nsozarubanza ya Porokireri, 25 Kamena 2010. Imyanzuro y’Ubwunganizi ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura 21/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 396 Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-I, Imyanzuro y’Ubwunganizi ibanziriza itangwa ry’ibimenyetso bishinjura, 29 Mutarama 2010 Inyandiko y’ibirego Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-I, Inyandiko y’ibirego, 7 Nyakanga 2009. Inyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 14 Ukuboza 2000 Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Baptiste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-I, Inyandiko y’ibirego, 14 Ukuboza 2000. Inyandiko y’ibirego yo ku itariki ya 10 Gicurasi 2005 Urubanza Porokireri aburana na Jean-Bapitste Gatete, No ICTR-00-61-I, Inyandiko y’ibirego, 10 Gicurasi 2005 MDR Mouvement Démocratique Républicain [Ishyaka riharanira demokarasi muri Repuburika]

MRND Mouvement Révolutionnaire National pour la Démocratie et le Développement [Muvoma Revolisiyoneri Iharanira Demokarasi n’Amajyambere]. PL Parti Libéral [Ishyaka riharanira ukwishyira ukizana kwa buri muntu] 20/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 397 Sitati Sitati y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, rwashyizweho n’Inama Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi, mu Cyemezo 955. Twisungane Agashami ka AVEGA, Ishyirahamwe ry’Abapfakazi ba jenoside

UNDF Gereza y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Urup. (imp.) Urupapuro (Impapuro).

WVSS Agashami gashinzwe kwita ku batangabuhamya n’abahohotewe. 19/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 398 UMUGEREKA C: INYANDIKO Y’IBIREGO

URUKIKO MPANABYAHA MPUZAMAHANGA RWASHYIRIWEHO

U RWANDA Urubanza n° ICTR-2000-61-I Umwimerere: Icyongereza

POROKIRERI

AREGA JEAN-BAPTISTE GATETE INYANDIKO YA KABIRI Y’IBIREGO YAHINDUWE 18/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 399 I. Ashingiye ku bubasha ahabwa n’ingingo ya 17 ya Sitati y’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (« Sitati y’Urukiko »), Porokireri w’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, ararega: JEAN-BAPTISTE GATETE Icyaha cya JENOSIDE hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2.3 a) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, cyangwa, kitamuhama, akaryozwa KUBA ICYITSO CY’ABAKOZE JENOSIDE, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2.3 e) n’iya 6.1 [za Sitati]. Aramurega kandi UBWUMVIKANE BUGAMIJE GUKORA

JENOSIDE hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2.3 b) n’iya 6.1, n’IBYAHA BYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 3 b), a) na g) n’iya 6.1. Ibyo byaha biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2, iya 3 za Sitati y’Urukiko. II.

UREGWA 1. Jean-Baptiste Gatete yavukiye muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba, Komine ya Murambi, Perefegitura ya Byumba, Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1953.

2. Yabaye Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi kuva mu mwaka wa 1987 kugera muri Kamena 1993. Nk’umwe mu bagize Kongere ya MRND mu rwego rw’igihugu, yari umurwanashyaka ugaragara muri politike y’ishyaka rye ku rwego rw’igihugu n’urwa perefegitura. Kubera ko yaregwaga gutoteza Abatutsi b’i Murambi, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yakuwe ku mirimo ye y’ububurugumesitiri mu mwaka wa 1993 mu gihe cya guverinoma ya kabiri ihuriweho n’amashyaka menshi, yashyizweho na Dismas Nsengiyaremye mu mwaka wa 1992. Nyuma yaho, yagizwe umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Umuryango no Guteza Imbere Abari n’Abategarugori, icyo gihe yari iyobowe na Pauline Nyiramasuhuko.

3. Muri Kamena 1993, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yagizwe kandi Perezida wa MRND muri Komine ya Murambi. 17/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 400 4. Mu gihe kivugwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yari umwe mu bayobozi b’Interahamwe. N’ubwo, mu buryo buzwi, atari akiri mu buyobozi bwa Leta muri ako gace, yakomeje kugira ijambo ku bapolisi ba komine, abajandarume n’imitwe y’abasiviri yitwara gisirikare muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo, bitewe n’uko yari yarigeze kuba Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Murambi, n’uruhare rukomeye yari afite ku rwego rw’igihugu mu ishyaka rya MRND, no kubera ko yari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe. III. INCAMAKE Y’IBYABAYE N’IBIREGO 5. Hagati y’itariki ya 1 Mutarama n’iya 31 Ukuboza 1994, Abanyarwanda kavukire barimo amoko atatu akurikira: Abatutsi, Abahutu n’Abatwa.

6. Hagati y’itariki ya 6 Mata n’iya 17 Nyakanga 1994, mu Rwanda hose hagabwe ibitero rusange cyangwa biri kuri gahunda byibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri bazira ko ari Abatutsi, kutavuga rumwe na MRND cyangwa kubikekwaho, cyangwa bazira ko bakekwaga gushyigikira Abatutsi. Ibyo bitero byahitanye abantu benshi barimo Abatutsi n’abandi bantu nk’Abahutu batari intagondwa, bafatwaga nk’abatavuga rumwe na MRND.

7. Mu gihe kivugwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yakoze ibyaha ari wenyine cyangwa abikora mu rwego rw’umugambi mubisha yari ahuriyeho n’abantu cyangwa itsinda ry’abantu bakurikira: Koloneli Rwagafirita wari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, Liyetona Koloneli Nkuriyekubona, Liyetona Mihigo, Emmanuel Habimana (Cyasa), Jean de Dieu Mwange, Célestin Senkware, Jean Bizimungu, Gérard Kayonza, Jean Mpambara, Mugiraneza wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kigarama, Gaspard Kamali wari Konseye, Gasigwa Karangwa, Augustin Nkundabazungu, Interahamwe, abasirikare ba Leta y’icyo gihe (« FAR »), abasirikare bo mu mutwe urinda Perezida, abapolisi ba komine, imitwe y’abasiviri yitwara gisirikare n’abandi bantu bazwi cyangwa batazwi. Uwo mugambi mubisha uhuriweho wari ugamije gukora jenoside yibasiye 16/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 401 Abatutsi no kubakorera ibindi byaha byibasiye inyokomuntu. Mu kuwushyira mu bikorwa, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yafatanyije n’abandi bantu bari bahuriye kuri uwo mugambi, agamije kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo ndetse n’abantu bakekwaga gushyigikira Abatutsi.

8. Ari wenyine cyangwa afatanyije n’abandi bantu bahuriye kuri uwo mugambi mubisha, Jean-Baptiste Gatete: a. Yishe Abatutsi; b. Yahaye imyitozo Interahamwe, abantu bo mu mutwe witwa Amahindure, abo mu mutwe waremwe mu rwego rwo kwirengera kw’abaturage, n’abandi bantu bitwaraga gisirikare. Yabashyizemo kandi ibitekerezo bagomba gukurikiza, abaha amakuru, abatwara mu modoka ndetse abaha intwaro. Babishishikarijwe na Jean- Baptiste Gatete, abo bantu ni bo bishe Abatutsi, babateza ubuzahare bukomeye bw’umubiri n’ubwo mu mutwe, banabasambanya ku gahato cyangwa basahura kandi bangiza ibintu byabo; c. Yagiye inama n’abategetsi bo muri ako gace kugira ngo bategure kandi bagenzure itangwa ry’intwaro, banahamagarire abasiviri kwica Abatutsi no kubasambanya ku gahato. IV.

IBIREGO

UBURYOZWACYAHA BWA GATOZI (Ingingo ya 6 ya Sitati y’Urukiko) 9. Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2, iya 3 n’iya 6 za Sitati y’Urukiko, Jean-Baptiste Gatete aryozwa, nka gatozi, ibyaha aregwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego. Mu by’ukuri, yacuze 15/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 402 umugambi wo gukora ibyo byaha, ahamagarira abantu kubikora, ategeka ko bikorwa, arabikora ubwe cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose ashyigikira abandi bantu mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora ibyo byaha. Byongeye kandi, yitabiriye umugambi mubisha uhuriweho wari ugamije kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo, no mu zindi perefegitura zose zari zigize u Rwanda. Kugira ngo abigereho, Uregwa, ari wenyine cyangwa afatanyije n’abandi bantu bazwi cyangwa batazwi, yagize uruhare runini muri uyu mugambi mubisha. Ibyaha bivugwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego byakozwe mu rwego rw’uyu mugambi cyangwa byari ingaruka zisanzwe ndetse zitezwe z’uwo mugambi. Byongeye kandi, Uregwa n’abandi bantu bazwi cyangwa batazwi bavugwa haruguru, bari bazi ko uwo mugambi mubisha uhuriweho washoboraga gutuma ibi byaha bikorwa. N’ubwo bari bazi ingaruka z’uwo mugambi, ntibyababujije kuwitabira babizi kandi babishaka. IKIREGO CYA 1 N’ICYA 2 JENOSIDE cyangwa, bitabaye ibyo, KUBA ICYITSO CY’ABAKOZE JENOSIDE 10. Porokireri arega Jean-Baptiste Gatete icyaha cya JENOSIDE, giteganywa n’ingingo ya 2.3 a) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, kubera ko ku itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994, cyangwa mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo (Rwanda), Uregwa

yacuze umugambi wo kurimbura Abatutsi, ahamagarira abantu kubica ndetse arabibategeka, arabica ubwe cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose ashyigikira abandi bantu mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi cyangwa kubateza ubuzahare bukomeye bw’umubiri cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe. Uregwa yabikoze agamije kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo, cyangwa azi ko abandi bantu bafite icyo gitekerezo. Iki cyaha kigaragazwa n’ibyabaye bivugwa hasi. Icyo cyaha kitamuhamye, 14/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 403 11. Porokireri arega Jean-Baptiste Gatete icyaha cyo KUBA ICYITSO CY’ABAKOZE JENOSIDE, giteganywa n’ingingo ya 2.3 e) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, kubera ko ku itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994, cyangwa hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo (Rwanda), Uregwa yacuze umugambi wo kurimbura Abatutsi, ahamagarira abantu kubica ndetse arabibategeka, arabica ubwe cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose ashyigikira abandi bantu mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora ubwicanyi bwibasiye Abatutsi cyangwa kubateza ubuzahare bukomeye bw’umubiri cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe. Yabikoze agamije kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo, cyangwa azi ko abandi bantu bafite icyo gitekerezo, kandi azi ko inkunga ye yari gutuma icyaha cya jenoside gikorwa. Iki cyaha kigaragazwa n’ibyabaye bivugwa hasi. IKIREGO CYA 3

UBWUMVIKANE BUGAMIJE GUKORA JENOSIDE 12. Porokireri arega Jean-Baptiste Gatete icyaha cy’ UBWUMVIKANE BUGAMIJE GUKORA JENOSIDE, giteganywa n’ingingo ya 2.3 b) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, kubera ko ku itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994 cyangwa mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo (Rwanda), Uregwa yumvikanye n’abandi bantu kugira ngo bice Abatutsi cyangwa babateze ubuzahare bw’umubiri cyangwa ubwo mu mutwe. Abo bantu yumvikanye na bo barimo abayobozi bo mu butegetsi bwite bwa Leta bo muri ako karere nka Jean de Dieu Mwange wari Burugumesitiri wa Murambi, Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Kayonza, n’abakonseye b’amasegiteri, ndetse n’abayobozi b’Interahamwe, abapolisi b’amakomine, n’abayobozi ba MRND mu rwego rw’igihugu n’urw’uturere barimo abagize Guverinoma y’agateganyo yashyizweho ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994. Yabikoze agamije kurimbura Abatutsi bose cyangwa igice cyabo, 13/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 404 cyangwa azi ko abandi bantu bafite icyo gitekerezo. Iki cyaha kigaragazwa n’ibyabaye bivugwa hasi. IBYABAYE BISHYIGIKIRA IBIVUGWA KUVA KU KIREGO CYA 1 KUGERA KU CYA 3 Ibyabaye muri Mata 1994 muri Perefegitura ya Byumba 13. Ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994 n’iya 30 Mata 1994, mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki cyangwa ahagana ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yakoresheje inama Interahamwe kugira ngo bategure ishyirwaho rya za bariyeri ku mihanda yose ya Perefegitura ya Byumba, nk’urugero havugwa imihanda yo muri Komine ya Murambi. Uregwa kandi yitabiriye icyo gikorwa. Ubwo yazengurukaga kuri izo bariyeri, yagize uruhare mu gikorwa cyo gutoranya Abatutsi no kubica kuko yatanze amalisiti y’Abatutsi bagombaga gufatirwa kuri izo bariyeri. Yategetse abantu bazirinze kwica abo Batutsi kandi na we ubwe yarinze izo bariyeri. Interahamwe ziciye Abatutsi kuri bariyeri zikoresheje intwaro zari zatanzwe na Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

14. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yakoranye inama n’abategetsi bo mu masegiteri n’amaserire anyuranye yari agize Komine ya Murambi, arimo Rwankuba, Gakenke, Kiramuzi, Gakoni na Nyabisindu. Ayo manama yari agamije gutanga intwaro no guhamagarira abantu bo mu mitwe y’abasiviri yitwara gisirikare gutsembatsemba Abatutsi, Uregwa yavugaga ko ari bo bishe Perezida Habyarimana. Nk’urugero, mu masaa munani, yakoranye inama n’abategetsi bo muri ako gace i Nyabisindu kugira ngo batange intwaro kandi bahamagarire abantu bagize imitwe y’abasiviri yitwara gisirikare kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi, yafataga nk’aho ari bo bishe Perezida Habyarimana. Mu ma saa mbiri, yakoranye indi nama muri Segiteri ya Rwankuba (Perefegitura ya Byumba) n’abategetsi bo muri ako gace, barimo Jean de Dieu Mwange wari Burugumesitiri mushya wa Murambi, na Jean Bizimungu wari Konseye wa segiteri. Iyo nama na yo yari igamije gutanga intwaro no guhamagarira abantu bo mu 12/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 405 mitwe y’abasiviri yitwara gisirikare gutsembatsemba abasiviri b’Abatutsi, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yavugaga ko ari bo bishe Perezida. Abatutsi bishwe hakoreshejwe intwaro zatanzwe na Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

15. Mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yagize uruhare mu gutwara Interahamwe mu modoka muri segiteri na serire zitandukanye za Komine ya Murambi, zirimo Akarambo, Gakoni, Nyabisindu, Kiramuruzi na Rwankuba. Yategetse kandi abantu barimo Rupia, Serena Gafurama na Rwasibo, kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Nk’urugero, ari kumwe na Jean de Dieu Mwange wari Burugumesitiri wa Murambi, yatwaye mu modoka Interahamwe zifite intwaro, azigeza muri serire ya Akarambo maze azitegeka gusahura ibintu by’Abatutsi no kwangiza bimwe muri byo, gutwika amazu y’Abatutsi, gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Bitegetswe na Jean- Baptiste Gatete, Interahamwe zishe abantu bo mu muryango w’umutangabuhamya wiswe BCS mu rugo rwabo muri Serire ya Akarambo kandi Uregwa yari ahari abirebera. Mu bantu bishwe harimo Aisha Murekeyisoni wari Umututsikazi w’i Kiramuruzi. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, umutangabuhamya wiswe BAT yasambanyijwe ku gahato n’Interahamwe ebyiri ari zo Karemera n’umuhungu wa Nyamuhara. Interahamwe zasambanyije Abatutsi ku gahato kandi zirabica kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

16. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki i Rwankuba, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, ari kumwe na Jean Bizimungu na Gérard Kayonza wari Perezida w’ Interahamwe muri ako gace, yahamagariye abaturage b’aho ngaho kugaba ibitero ku Batutsi, kujagajaga amazu yabo bagasahura ibirimo, gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi. Nk’urugero, Jean Bizimungu na Gérard Kayonza bafatanyije gutegura ibitero byibasiye Abatutsi i Rwankuba. Babikoze babihamagariwe na Jean- Baptiste Gatete wari wabasabye gutsembatsemba « imiryango yose » y’Abatutsi. 11/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 406 Umuryango w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIM, umuvandimwe we n’umuryango we n’abandi bantu barishwe kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

17. Ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 n’iya 12 Mata 1994 mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki cyangwa ahagana ku itariki ya 2 Mata 1994, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yazengurutse amasegiteri anyuranye ya Komine ya Murambi, arimo iya Kiramuruzi, Gakenke, Rwankuba, Rubona na Nyabisindu, maze akoresha indangururamajwi mu guhamagarira Interahamwe kugira icyo zikora kandi azitegeka kwica Abatutsi. Nk’urugero, ku itariki ya 7 Mata 1994 i Rwankuba, akoresheje mikoro yahamagariye Interahamwe kugira icyo zikora, azisaba guhamagara izindi Nterahamwe kugira ngo batangire « gukora », ni ukuvuga kwica Abatutsi. Yabasezeranyije kuzabahemba amatungo nyuma y’igikorwa cyo gutsembatsemba Abatutsi. Jean-Baptiste Gatete akimara kuhava, Jean Bizimungu wari Konseye wa segiteri yategetse Interahamwe gutangira kwica. Interahamwe zishe abasiviri b’Abatutsi kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

18. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, kuri bariyeri yari i Nyagasambu, ku muhanda w’i Rwankuba, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yahamagariye kandi ategeka abasiviri guhiga Abatutsi ngo babatsembe kugeza ku « ruhinja rukiri mu nda ya nyina». Yahaye imbwa abasiviri bagize umutwe witwara gisirikare kugira ngo aborohereze guhiga Abatutsi. Abasiviri b’Abatutsi bishwe kubera ibikorwa bya Jean- Baptiste Gatete.

19. Ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yategetse kandi ahagarikira ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi byabereye ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro, kandi na we yitabira ibyo bikorwa. Icyo gihe, ibihumbi by’abasiviri b’Abatutsi byari byahungiye kuri icyo kigo cyari kigizwe na kiriziya n’ibitaro. Bafashijwe n’abasirikare benshi bo mu ngabo za Leta y’icyo gihe bitwaje imbunda, ndetse na Gasigwa Karangwa na Nkundabazungu wari umukuru w’Interahamwe z’i Kiziguro, Jean-Baptiste Gatete n’itsinda rye ry’Interahamwe bishe 10/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 407 urugi rw’umuryango winjira ku kiriziya, bategeka impunzi z’Abatutsi gusohoka mu kiriziya maze barazica. Zimwe muri izo mpunzi zategetswe gutwara imirambo ya bamwe mu bantu bari bishwe, ziyijyana mu cyobo rusange cyari hafi aho, nyuma na zo ziricwa imirambo yazo ijugunywa muri icyo cyobo. Ibihumbi byinshi by’Abatutsi bagizwe n’abana, abagore, n’abagabo barimo Karemera wari umugenzuzi w’amashuri, Munana wari umwarimu, Claver Karurange na Gapfizi wari umuvandimwe wa BCS, biciwe ku kigo cya Paruwasi ya Kiziguro ku itariki ya 11 Mata 1994.

20. Ku itariki ya 12 n’iya 14 Mata 1994, mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki cyangwa ahagana kuri ayo matariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yahamagariye abaturage b’Abahutu bari barakuwe mu byabo n’intambara, kwibasira Abatutsi berekezaga mu majyepfo y’igihugu banyuze muri Komine ya Murambi no muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo. Yabategetse kubikora kandi aborohereza icyo gikorwa. Abatutsi barishwe kubera ibikorwa bya Jean- Baptiste Gatete. Yategetse Abahutu bari barakuwe mu byabo n’intambara bari muri ako gace kwica abasiviri b’Abatutsi bari batatanye. Nk’urugero, ku itariki ya 13 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, yashyize bariyeri kuri santeri ya Gatore muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo ayirindisha Interahamwe ze, amaze kuziha itegeko ryo gufata no kuhicira Abatutsi bose bazahanyura bahungira muri Tanzaniya. Kubera iyo mpamvu, Abatutsi benshi n’Abahutu batari intagondwa bo mu ishyaka rya MDR n’irya PL barishwe. Ibyabaye muri Mata 1994 muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo 21. Ku itariki ya 10 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yageze muri Komine ya Rukara, muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo ihana imbibi n’iye maze aganira na Burugumesitiri Jean Mpambara. Nyuma yaho, impunzi z’abasiviri b’Abatutsi zibarirwa mu bihumbi, zari zarahungiye kuri Paruwasi ya Rukara, zategetswe na Mpambara kuva ku kiriziya. Zanze kuhava, Interahamwe zitwaje imbunda, amagerenade, 9/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 408 imihoro n’izindi ntwaro gakondo zateye ku kiriziya maze zica Abatutsi benshi muri izo mpunzi.

22. Ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 11 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri ayo matariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, ari kumwe na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri ya Kayonza, yatwaye mu modoka abasirikare bafite intwaro n’Interahamwe abajyana kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Abo bantu bose bagabye igitero kuri paruwasi, ahari impunzi z’Abatutsi. Abatutsi basambanyijwe ku gahato cyangwa baricwa kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete. Nk’urugero, umugore witwa Odette wari warahungiye ku kiriziya ya Mukarange yajyanye umwana kwituma hanze ya kiriziya, maze bombi bahita bicwa. Padiri mukuru w’iyo Paruwasi witwa Bosco yasabye Jean-Baptiste Gatete kugira icyo akora ngo ahagarike ubwicanyi, ariko Uregwa arabyanga.

23. Ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, ahagana kuri ayo matariki cyangwa mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yageze muri Komine ya Kayonza ari kumwe n’itsinda ry’Interahamwe zitwaje intwaro. Ari kumwe na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Kayonza, Uregwa yahamagariye imbaga y’abantu bari bateraniye ku mbuga y’ibiro bya komine, kugira icyo ikora. Aho hantu hari abaturage bo muri ako gace barimo abagore b’Abatutsikazi, n’Interahamwe zari zimaze kuhagera. Agamije gushishikariza izo Nterahamwe kugira icyo zikora, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yavuze ko Abatutsi bari bararangije kwicwa mu tundi turere. Byongeye kandi, yatanze itegeko ryo gusambanya ku gahato Abatutsikazi, byarangira bakicwa. A. Ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, ahagana kuri ayo matariki cyangwa mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki, ku mbuga y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, ari kumwe n’itsinda ry’Interahamwe zitwaje intwaro, yategetse ko Abatutsi batandukanywa n’abandi bantu bari aho, maze bakajyanwa ku cyobo cyashyirwagamo imirambo y’abantu bishwe. Kuri icyo cyobo, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yakubise Gatare umugeri wa karate ku ivi 8/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 409 ararivuna, maze ategeka Interahamwe kwica uwo muntu kandi zarabikoze. Abatutsi basambanyijwe ku gahato cyangwa baricwa nyuma yaho kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

24. Nyuma yo gukora ibyo bikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato no kwica, Interahamwe zasubiye ku mbuga y’ibiro bya Komine aho Jean-Baptiste Gatete yongeye gufata ijambo maze azitegeka kujya gusambanya ku gahato no gutsembatsemba Abatutsi bari bakiri mu ma segitiri yegereye aho hantu ari yo Nyarusage, Nkamba na Giparara. Yanabashishikarije kandi gukora gutyo. Jean-Baptiste Gatete na Célestin Senkware bahaye Interahamwe imodoka zabo kugira ngo bazorohereze mu bitero. Abatutsi basambanyijwe ku gahato cyangwa baricwa kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete.

25. Hagati y’igice cya kabiri cya Mata 1994 n’impera z’uko kwezi, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yageze i Rulenge, muri Komine ya Rukira, ari kumwe n’abantu benshi bagizwe n’abapolisi ba Komine ya Murambi bitwaje intwaro, imitwe y’abasiviri yitwara gisirikare n’ababurugumesitiri ba Komine za Kabarondo na Kigarama. Mu magambo akarishye, yanenze mu ruhame abaturage bo muri ako gace avuga ko batishe Abatutsi. Byongeye kandi, yategetse Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato no kwica Abatutsi b’i Rukira, zidasize abagore n’abana. Bukeye mu gitondo, izo Interahamwe, zarimo Emmanuel Rukiramakuba, Epraim, Fabien na Rwabirekezi, zashenye amazu y’Abatutsi zisambanya kandi zica abasiviri b’Abatutsi i Rukira. Nk’urugero, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yategetse Fabien kwica Umugandekazi wafatwaga nk’Umututsikazi. Hishwe kandi Védaste Kalisa, Ferdinand Sanane, umugore wa Sanane n’umukobwa wa Binego witwa Nzoyori.

26. Ku itariki ya 15 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, ku cya Cyasemakamba, muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yahaye amabwiriza abantu be bitwaje intwaro barimo abapolisi n’Interahamwe. Arangije, Uregwa yahaye Liyetona Mihigo ayo mabwiriza anamushinga kuyobora abo bantu. Nyuma yaho, Liyetona Mihigo 7/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 410 n’abantu bitwaraga gisirikare bari bahawe amabwiriza na Jean-Baptiste Gatete bagabye igitero kuri Economat maze bahica abantu bagera kuri 400.

27. Ku itariki ya 19 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, Koloneli Rwagafirita wari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, Liyetona Mihigo, Gacumbitsi, Jean Mpambara, Mugiraneza, Liyetona Koloneli Nyuriyekubona, Ntahimana, Rudakubana n’abandi bantu bakoreye inama ku cya Cyasemakamba, muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo, kugira ngo bakure ku mirimo ye Godffrey Ruzindana wari Perefe wa Kibungo akaba n’umuyoboke w’Ishyaka riharanira Demokarasi n’Imibereho Myiza y’Abaturage (« PSD »). Mbere y’uko iyo nama irangira, Ruzindana waje no kwicwa nyuma yasimbujwe Huye Rudakubana.

28. Mu ijoro ryo ku itariki ya 19 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana icyo gihe, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, Serija Shefu Rwatoro wari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, Ntahimana wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Birenga, Koloneli Rwagafirita wari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, Liyetona Koloneli Nyuriyekubona, Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Kayonza, Mugiraneza wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kigarama n’abandi bantu, bitabiriye inama y’umutekano kuri Perefegitura ya Kibungo kugira ngo bahane amakuru ku Muryango wa FPR (« FPR »).

29. Ku itariki ya 21 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, muri Perefegitura ya Kibungo, Jean-Baptiste Gatete n’abandi bayobozi bateguye imitwe y’Interahamwe yitwara gisirikare n’abasirikare kugira ngo bajye ku rugamba kurwanya FPR. Babategetse kubikora kandi babaha inkunga ya ngombwa. 6/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 411

IBYAHA BYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU IKIREGO CYA 4

ITSEMBATSEMBA 30. Porokireri arega Jean-Baptiste Gatete icyaha cy’ITSEMBATSEMBA kigize ICYAHA CYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU, nk’uko giteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 b) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, kubera ko ku itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994 cyangwa mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo (Rwanda), Uregwa yacuze umugambi wo gukora itsembatsemba ryibasiye Abatutsi, ahamagarira abandi bantu kurikora, arabibategeka, ararikora ubwe cyangwa mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwose, ashyigikira abandi bantu mu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora itsembatsemba ryibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri, ni ukuvuga kubica, mu rwego rw’igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda cyibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri bazira ubwenegihugu bwabo, umutwe wa politiki barimo, ubwoko bwabo cyangwa idini ryabo. Uregwa yabikoze agamije kujya mu gikorwa cyo kwica abantu bamwe, azi ko ibikorwa bye biri mu rwego rw’umugambi munini w’ubwicanyi. Iki cyaha kigaragazwa n’ibyabaye bivugwa hasi. IBYABAYE BISHYIGIKIRA IBIVUGWA KU KIREGO CY’ITSEMBATSEMBA Perefegitura ya Byumba 31. Reba ibivugwa kuva ku gika cya 13 kugera ku cya 19 hejuru. Perefegitura ya Kibungo 32. Reba ibivugwa kuva ku gika cya 21 kugera ku cya 25 hejuru. 5/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 412 IKIREGO CYA 5

UBUHOTOZI 33. Porokireri arega Jean-Baptiste Gatete icyaha cy’UBUHOTOZI bugize ICYAHA CYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU, nk’uko giteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 a) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, kubera ko ku itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994 cyangwa hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo (Rwanda), Uregwa agambiriye kwica, yacuze umugambi wo kwica abaturage b’abasiviri, ahamagarira abantu kubikora, arabikora ubwe cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, afasha, kandi ashishikariza abandi bantu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora ubwicanyi bwibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri, mu rwego rw’igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda cyibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri bazira ubwenegihugu bwabo, umutwe wa politiki barimo, ubwoko bwabo cyangwa idini ryabo. Iki cyaha kigaragazwa n’ibyabaye bivugwa hasi. IBYABAYE BISHYIGIKIRA IBIVUGWA KU KIREGO CY’UBUHOTOZI Perefegitura ya Byumba 34. Reba ibivugwa kuva ku gika cya 13 kugera ku cya 19 hejuru. Perefegitura ya Kibungo 35. Reba ibivugwa kuva ku gika cya 21 kugera ku cya 25 hejuru.

36. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, Jean de Dieu Mwange wari Burugumesitiri, Célestin Senkware, abapolisi ba komine n’Interahamwe bakoze igikorwa cyo kugenzura indangamuntu z’abagenzi ku muhanda wa Kibungo unyura muri Komine ya Kayonza. Kuri bariyeri imwe, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, itsinda ry’Interahamwe n’abapolisi ba komine, barimo umwe witwa Déo, basohoye mu modoka ya Kamuzinzi umugabo w’umutangabuhamya wiswe AIX wari 4/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 413 Umututsi. Basohoyemo kandi na Kamuzinzi nyir’imodoka wari Umuhutu utari intagondwa, akaba no mu ishyaka ritavuga rumwe n’iryari ku butegetsi. Icyo gihe, Jean- Baptiste Gatete yategetse abapolisi kurasa bakica umugabo wa AIX na Kamuzinzi. Umupolisi wa komine uvugwa haruguru yicishije abo bantu amasasu bitegetswe na Jean- Baptiste Gatete. Nyuma yaho, Uregwa yategetse Interahamwe kwica abandi bantu bari muri iyo modoka ya Kamuzinzi yari itwawe na Mahmud. Ako kanya, Interahamwe zahise zica abo bantu, zitaretse na Mahmud maze Jean-Baptiste Gatete yigarurira iyo modoka.

37. Ku itariki ya 12 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, i Rutonde, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, Célestin Senkware n’abandi bantu benshi bicishije amasasu impunzi yitwa Murinda yari yihishe mu gishanga. Mbere na nyuma y’iyicwa ry’uwo muntu, Jean- Baptiste Gatete n’abana be bazengurutse ku misozi no mu mibande bashakisha abasiviri b’Abatutsi ngo babice.

38. Ku itariki ya 14 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, muri Komine ya Kayonza, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yategetse Interahamwe kwica umucuruzi witwa Butare. Mu gushyira mu bikorwa iryo tegeko, Interahamwe zicishije nyakwigendera imihoro n’ibyuma. IKIREGO CYA 6

GUSAMBANYA KU GAHATO 39. Porokireri arega Jean-Baptiste Gatete icyaha cyo GUSAMBANYA KU GAHATO kigize ICYAHA CYIBASIYE INYOKOMUNTU, nk’uko giteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 a) n’iya 6.1 za Sitati y’Urukiko, kubera ko ku itariki ya 6 n’iya 30 Mata 1994 cyangwa hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Perefegitura ya Byumba n’iya Kibungo (Rwanda), Uregwa, agambiriye gutuma abantu bakora ibikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato, yacuze umugambi wo kwica abaturage b’abasiviri, ahamagarira abantu kubikora, arabibategeka, 3/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 414 arabikora ubwe cyangwa, mu bundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, afasha kandi ashishikariza abandi bantu gucura umugambi, gutegura cyangwa gukora ubwicanyi bwibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri, mu rwego rw’igitero rusange cyangwa kiri kuri gahunda cyibasiye abaturage b’abasiviri bazira ubwenegihugu bwabo, umutwe wa politiki barimo, ubwoko bwabo cyangwa idini ryabo. Iki cyaha kigaragazwa n’ibyabaye bivugwa hasi.

IBYABAYE BISHYIGIKIRA IBIVUGWA KU KIREGO CYO GUSAMBANYA KU

GAHATO Perefegitura ya Byumba 40. Ku itariki ya 8 n’iya 9 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri ayo matariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete yorohereje abasiviri be bitwaraga gisirikare kugera kuri santeri ya Serire ya Akarambo. Yategetse Interahamwe gutera abagore b’Abatutsikazi kugira ngo babasambanye ku gahato kandi abashishikariza gukora gutyo. Ku itariki ya 8 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, umutangabuhamya wiswe BAT yasambanyijwe ku gahato n’Interahamwe ebyiri ari zo Karemera n’umuhungu wa Nyamuhara. Ku itariki ya 9 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri iyo tariki, umutangabuhamya wiswe AVO yasambanyijwe ku gahato n’Interahamwe yitwa Karerangabo. Interahamwe zasambanyije Abatutsikazi ku gahato muri Serire ya Akarambo. Perefegitura ya Kibungo 41. Ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 11 Mata 1994 cyangwa ahagana kuri ayo matariki, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, ari kumwe na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, yatwaye mu modoka abasirikare bafite intwaro n’Interahamwe abajyana kuri Paruwasi ya Mukarange. Abo bantu bose bateye kuri iyo paruwasi kandi hari impunzi z’Abatutsi. Abatutsikazi basambanyijwe ku gahato cyangwa baricwa kubera ibikorwa bya Jean- Baptiste Gatete. 2/ter

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CIII11-0073K Inyandiko yahinduwe mu kinyarwanda, byemezwa na SSL/TPIR 415 42. Ku itariki ya 10 n’iya 15 Mata 1994, ahagana kuri ayo matariki cyangwa mu gihe kiri hagati y’ayo matariki, muri Komine ya Kayonza, Jean-Baptiste Gatete, ari kumwe na Célestin Senkware wari Burugumesitiri wa Komine ya Kayonza, yategetse Interahamwe gusambanya ku gahato abagore b’Abatutsikazi bari bateraniye ku mbuga y’ibiro bya komine. Interahamwe zatwaye Abatutsikazi ku ngufu maze zibasambanya ku gahato.

43. Nyuma yo gukora ibyo bikorwa byo gusambanya ku gahato no kwica abantu, Interahamwe zasubiye ku mbuga y’ibiro bya Komine ya Kayonza aho Jean-Baptiste Gatete yongeye gufata ijambo akazitegeka kujya gusambanya ku gahato no gutsembatsemba Abatutsikazi bari bakiri mu masegiteri yegereye aho hantu ari yo Nyarusage, Nkamba na Giparara. Yabashishikarije kandi gukora gutyo. Jean-Baptiste Gatete na Célestin Senkware bahaye amamodoka yabo Interahamwe kugira ngo bazorohereze mu bitero. Abatutsikazi basambanyijwe ku gahato kandi baricwa kubera ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete. Ibikorwa bya Jean-Baptiste Gatete cyangwa ibyo yateshutse gukora bivugwa muri iyi Nyandiko y’ibirego bihanwa hakurikijwe ingingo ya 22 n’iya 23 za Sitati y’Urukiko. Bikorewe Arusha, ku itariki ya 7 Nyakanga 2009 Porokireri [Umukono] Hassan Bubacar Jallow - - - - - 1/ter