ABAMUHOZA SACCO v TWIZERIMANA N’ABANDI

ABAMUHOZA SACCO v TWIZERIMANA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA - RC 00006/2024/SC (Cyanzayire, P.J., Kazungu na Kalihangabo, J.) 29 Gicurasi 2026] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza – Kureka ikirego cyangwa urubanza - Kureka ikirego cyangwa urubanza bishobora gutuma uwabiretse ategekwa kwishyura igihembo cya Avoka, amagarama n’andi mafaranga uwo yaregaga yakoresheje, ariko si ihame; ijambo “ashobora” riha urukiko ububasha bwo kubisuzuma hashingiwe ku bimenyetso, imiterere y’urubanza n’imiburanire y’ababuranyi. Incamake y’ikibazo: Iradukunda Gérard yagurishije umutungo ufite UPI 4/3/07/05/1383 ku bantu batandukanye, barimo Nsabimana Jean Félix, Munyamahoro Appolinnaire na Twizerimana. Nyuma, umutungo wose wanditswe kuri Twizerimana, kandi Twizerimana awutangaho ingwate muri ABAMUHOZA SACCO kugira ngo ahabwe inguzanyo. Twizerimana yaje kugurisha uwo mutungo Ngabonziza Pacifique, ihererekanyamutungo rirakorwa, umutungo wandikwa kuri Ngabonziza. ABAMUHOZA imaze kubona ko ingwate yayo yagurishijwe, yatambamiye ihererekanyamutungo kandi Twizerimana akurikiranwa mu rubanza nshinjabyaha, ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kurigisa ingwate. Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza rwemeje ko umutungo ukomeza kuba ingwate ya ABAMUHOZA kandi rutesha agaciro icyangobwa cy’iyandikishamutungo cya Ngabonziza. Ku rundi ruhande, Ngabonziza yari yareze ABAMUHOZA asaba ko itambamirahererekanyamutungo rikurwaho. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwemeje ko Ngabonziza ari we nyir’umutungo kandi ko ingwate ya ABAMUHOZA itanditse muri RDB ku buryo Ngabonziza atari kumenya ko hari ingwate iri kuri uwo mutungo. Kubera ko izo manza zombi zageze ku myanzuro itandukanye, ABAMUHOZA yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga isaba gukemura ikibazo cy’ivuguruzanya hagati y’imanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS na RP 00839/2023/TB/MUH. Mu gihe urubanza rw’ivuguruzanya rwari ruri mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, Kankundiye Médiatrice na Mukarurinda Penina basabye kugoboka, bavuga ko nabo baguze ibice by’uwo mutungo kandi ko icyemezo cyafatwa muri uru rubanza cyabagiraho ingaruka. ABAMUHOZA yaje kureka urubanza, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemera uko kureka urubanza, ariko runasuzuma niba ABAMUHOZA agomba kwishyura Ngabonziza amafaranga y’Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza. Urukiko rwasuzumye ibibazo birimo icyo kumenya niba abagobotse bari bafite inyungu mu rubanza, inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza yagaragaye mu mwanzuro w’abagobotse ndetse n’ ishingiro n’itangwa ry’indishyi zisabwa ABAMUHOZA kuko iretse urubanza rwayo. Kankundiye na Mukarurinda bavuga ko bafite inyungu itaziguye kuko buri wese yari yaraguze ares 10 kuri uwo mutungo, kandi icyemezo cy’urukiko cyashoboraga kugira ingaruka ku burenganzira bwabo ku butaka. Bavuze kandi ko Ngabonziza yari yarabyemeye ko nibagabanya uwo mutungo, yabaha ibice bari baraguze.

ABAMUHOZA avuga ko abagobotse nta nyungu bafite muri uru rubanza kuko ibyo bavuga bireba uburenganzira bwabo ku mutungo, nyamara ikibazo kiri imbere y’Urukiko ari ivuguruzanya ry’imanza. Yavuze ko bakwiye gutegereza urubanza rwabo bwite. Ngabonziza we avuga ko abagobotse nta nyungu bafite muri uru rubanza, ahubwo ko inyungu yabo iri mu rundi rubanza batanzemo ikirego cyo gutambamira urubanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS. Urukiko rwemeje ko abagobotse bafite ububasha, ubushobozi n’inyungu yemewe n’amategeko, itaziguye kandi bwite yo kugoboka. Rwifashishije ingingo ya 114 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018, rwemera ukugoboka kwabo. Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya cyaragombaga gukomeza kwakirwa, abagobotse bavuga ko ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya kitagombaga kwakirwa, kuko bari batambamiye rumwe mu manza zaregewe kuvuguruzanya kandi bari baratanze ikirego cyo gutambamira urubanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS. ABAMUHOZA yo ivuga ko imanza zaregewe kuvuguruzanya zari zarabaye ndakuka kandi ko gutambamira urubanza ari inzira idasanzwe idahagarika irangizwa ry’urubanza. Ngabonziza yasabye Urukiko kureba urubanza rwagombaga kubanza kuburanishwa hagati y’urubanza rw’ivuguruzanya n’urubanza rwo gutambamira rumwe mu manza zari zaregewe kuvuguruzanya. Nyuma y’ibiganiro, ababuranyi bose bemeye ko ABAMUHOZA ireka urubanza, maze Urukiko rwemeza ko kureka urubanza byemewe hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 123 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018. Urukiko rwakomeje rusuzuma niba ABAMUHOZA yaragombaga kwishyura Ngabonziza amafaranga y’Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza kubera kureka urubanza. Ngabonziza asaba ko yahabwa amafaranga y’igehembo cy’avoka ndetse n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza. ABAMUHOZA isobanura ko nta kosa yakoze ryatuma itegekwa gutanga izo ndishyi, kuko icyo yashakaga ari ugukemura ikibazo cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza. Ku bw’ibyo, yavuze ko amafaranga Ngabonziza yasabaga nta shingiro afite. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kureka urubanza cyangwa urubanza bishobora gutuma uwabiretse ategekwa kwishyura igihembo cya Avoka, amagarama n’andi mafaranga uwo yaregaga yakoresheje, ariko si ihame; ijambo ‘’ashobora’’ riha urukiko ububasha bwo kubisuzuma hashingiwe ku bimenyetso, imiterere y’urubanza n’imiburanire y’ababuranyi. Kureka urubanza biremewe; Nta mafaranga y’igihembo cy’avoka n’ayikurikiranarubanza agomba gutangwa. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryahinduwe, ingingo ya 114, 123, 124. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza

I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Iradukunda Gérard yagurishije umutungo we ufite UPI 4/3/07/05/1383 (UPI 1383) mu buryo bukurikira : ku wa 19/04/2011 yagurishije ares 10 Nsabimana Jean Félix ahagarariwe n’umugore we Kankundiye Médiatrice, ku wa 13/12/2011 agurisha ares 10 Munyamahoro Appolinnaire umugabo wa Mukarurinda Penina, ku wa 24/05/2016 yagurishije Twizerimana igice cyari gisigaye cy’uwo mutungo ( bumvikana ko azatangira kuhakoresha ku wa 01/05/20171). Mu gihe abaguze bose bari bategereje ihererekanyamutungo, icyangombwa cyabaye kibitswe na Twizerimana. Ku itariki itazwi no ku mpamvu zitazwi umutungo wose waje kwandikwa kuri Twizerimana wenyine, abandi batabizi. [2] Ku wa 07/10/2016, Twizerimana yasabye ABAMUHOZA inguzanyo ya 2.700.000 Frw, irayimuha; ku wa 22/04/2017, ayisaba indi ya 5.000.000 Frw irayimuha nayo; bumvikanye ko imyenda yose izishingirwa n’ingwate itanzwe ku mutungo ufite UPI 13832, nk’uko bigaragara mu masezerano yo ku wa 13/10/2016. [3] Ku wa 15/06/2017, hakozwe inyandiko yiswe icyemezo ngwatirizamutungo, aho Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Kinigi yemeje ko Twizerimana ari we nyir’umutungo wanditse kuri UPI 4/3/07/05/13833 kandi ko uriho ingwate ya ABAMUHOZA. [4] Ku wa 26/01/2017, Twizerimana yasabye serivisi z’ubutaka icyangombwa cy’ubutaka gifite UPI 1383, abeshya ko icyo yari afite cyatakaye, kandi yari yaragihaye ABAMUHOZA4. [5] Ku wa 13/03/2017, Twizerimana yagurishije uyu mutungo uvugwa Ngabonziza Pacifique, bagirana amasezerano akozwe mu nyandiko bwite. [6] Ku wa 20/03/2017, habaye ihererekanyamutungo hagati yabo bombi, ariko umutungo wandikwa kuri Ngabonziza ku wa 31/05/2017; umaze kumwandikwaho, awugabanyishamo imitungo 3 imwanditseho, ifite UPI 4/03/07/05/6031, UPI 4/03/07/05/6032 na UPI 4/03/07/05/6033. [7] ABAMUHOZA ibonye Twizerimana atishyura umwenda yahawe, yamureze mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ikirego gihabwa N° RCOM 01237/2018/TC-RCOM 00211/2018/TC/MUS, isaba Urukiko kumutegeka kuyishyura 6.399.876 Frw, akubiyemo umwenda remezo, inyungu zisanzwe, inyungu z’ubukererwe n’indishyi zinyuranye. [8] Ku wa 18/10/2018, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Twizerimana agomba kwishyura ABAMUHOZA 6.399.876 Frw, hiyongereyeho 540.000 Frw akubiyemo igihembo cya Avoka, ikurikiranarubanza n’ingwate y’igarama ya 50.000 Frw. [9] ABAMUHOZA aho imenyeye ko ingwate yayo yagurishijwe, ku wa 24/05/2022, yatambamiye ihererekanyamutungo wanditse kuri UPI 4/3/07/05/1383. Yareze kandi Twizerimana mu Bugenzacyaha kunyereza ingwate, dosiye irakorwa ishyikirizwa 1 Reba inyandiko bwite y’ubugure hagati ya Iradukunda na Twizerimana yo ku wa 24/05/2016. 2 Nyamara twabonye ko uyu mutungo utari uwe wenyine. 3 Icyangombwa cy’uyu mutungo cyahawe ABAMUHOZA. 4 Reba umwanzuro we wo kwiregura muri uru rubanza wo ku itariki ya 13/05/2025, aho abisobanura

Ubushinjacyaha, nabwo buyiregera Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kurigisa ingwate giteganywa kandi gihanwa n’ingingo ya 178 y’Itegeko N° 68/ 2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018, riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, dosiye ihabwa N° RP 00839/2023/TB/MUH5. ABAMUHOZA yaregeye indishyi muri uru rubanza isaba gusubizwa ingwate yayo n’indishyi zitandukanye. [10] Ku wa 28/12/20226, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza, ruhamya Twizerimana icyaha cyo kurigisa ingwate, rumuhanisha igihano cyo gufungwa umwaka 1 n’amezi atandatu n’ihazabu ya 1.000.000 Frw. Rwemeje kandi ko umutungo wanditse kuri UPI 4/03/07/05/1383 ukomeza kuba ingwate ya ABAMUHOZA; rutesha agaciro ibyangombwa by’imitungo yanditse kuri UPI 4/03/07/05/6031, 4/03/07/05/6032, na 4/03/07/05/6033 ikomoka kuri UPI 4/03/07/05/1383, kuko yabonetse mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko; rwemeza ko Twizerimana agomba kwishyura ABAMUHOZA indishyi za 1.700.000 Frw na 10.000 Frw y’igarama. [11] Ngabonziza Pacifique yareze ABAMUHOZA mu Rukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza, asaba kuyitegeka gukuraho itambamirahererekanyamutungo7 yashyize ku mitungo ye yavuzwe mu gika cya 6, agobokesha ku gahato mu rubanza Twizerimana, ikirego cye gihabwa N° RC 00947/2022/TB/MUH. [12] Ku wa 14/04/2023, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite, rutegeka ko itambamirahererekanyamutungo rigumaho, rumutegeka kwishyura ABAMUHOZA 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na100.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. [13] Ngabonziza yajuririye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, ikirego gihabwa N° RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS, asobanura ko Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwaciye urubanza rushingiye ku bimenyetso bidahuye n’ukuri ku byabaye, ko kandi rwirengagije ingingo za 10, 11, 213 n’iya 214 z’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryahinduwe. [14] Ku wa 28/03/2024, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe bufite ishingiro, rukuraho itambamirahererekanyamutungo ryaburanwaga, rutegeka ABAMUHOZA na Twizerimana gufatanya kwishyura Ngabonziza indishyi z’akababaro zo kumushora mu manza zingana na 200.000 Frw, igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500.000 Frw, no kumusubiza 20.000 Frw y’igarama yatanze arega. [15] Mu gufata iki cyemezo, Urukiko rwasobanuye ko ihererekanyamutungo kuri UPI 4/3/07/05/1383, hagati ya Ngabonziza na Twizerimana, ryabaye mbere y’uko uyu mutungo utangwaho ingwate, byongeye kandi ingwate ivugwa itanditse muri RDB nk’uko amategeko abiteganya, ku buryo Ngabonziza atari kumenya ko umutungo aguze uri mu bugwate; rwanzuye ko umutungo uburanwa ari uwa Ngabonziza kuko nta rubanza rwawumwambuye, akaba kandi nta mwenda abereyemo ABAMUHOZA. 5 Iyi nomero y’urubanza yarakosowe ihinduka RP 00839/2022/TB/MUH, gukosora byakozwe n’imanza RS/RECT/RP 00003/2025/TB/MUH rwaciwe ku wa 06/10/2025 na RS/RECT/RP 00001/2026/TB/MUH rwaciwe ku wa 21/04/2026 6 Kuko mu rubanza rwa mbere rukosora, rwemeje ko ahanditse 2023 hakosorwa hakandikwa hose 2022, reba § 15. 7 Ryakozwe ku wa 24/05/2022, reba inama ntegurarubanza yo ku wa 30/01/2026, p.5.

[16] Ku wa 27/04/2024, ABAMUHOZA yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire isaba gukemura ikibazo cy’ivuguruzanya hagati y’imanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 28/03/2024, n’urubanza RP 00839/2023/TB/MUH rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza ku wa 28/12/2023, zose zabaye ndakuka. [17] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, rwohereje dosiye mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, Ubwanditsi bumaze gusuzuma iyakirwa ryayo, ikirego cyandikwa mu bitabo by’Urukiko ku wa 16/12/2024, kuri N° RC 00006/2024/SC. [18] ABAMUHOZA, isobanura ko ivuguruzanya ry’imanza yaregeye, rishingiye ku kuba Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwaraciye urubanza rwirengagije urubanza rw’inshinjabyaha rwemeje ko Twizerimana yagurishije ingwate yayihaye, rumuhamya icyaha cyo kurigisa ingwate, rurakimuhanira, rutesha agaciro ibyangombwa by’imitungo yanditse kuri UPI : 4/03/07/05/6031, 4/03/07/05/6032 na 4/03/07/05/6033; mu gihe Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwakuyeho itambamirahererekanyamutungo ryaburanwaga, rwemeza ko umutungo wari watambamiwe ari uwa Ngabonziza, ko kandi nta ngwate iwuriho kuko itanditse mu bitabo bya RDB, nk’uko bisabwa n’amategeko. [19] Ngabonziza avuga ko yanditsweho ubutaka buburanwa ku wa 31/05/2017, akaba atumva uko Twizerimana yabutanzeho ingwate ku wa 20/06/2017 n’uko ABAMUHOZA yafashe ingwate ku mutungo utari mu mazina y’uwo yahaye umwenda. [20] Ku wa 17/04/20268, Kankundiye Médiatrice na Mukarurinda Penina basabye kugoboka muri uru rubanza. [21] Iburanisha ryashyizwe ku wa 06/05/2025, ribera mu ruhame, ABAMUHOZA ihagarariwe na Me Turikumwenimana Emmanuel, Ngabonziza ahagarariwe na Me Kavuyekure Dieudonné, abasabye kugoboka mu rubanza bahagarariwe na Me Bagaza Magnifique, Twizerimana atitabye ariko yarahamagajwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, Urukiko rufata icyemezo cyo kuruburanisha adahari. Ababuranyi babanje kujya impaka ku kibazo cy’inyungu abagobotse bafite mu rubanza. II. IBIBAZO BYASUZUMWE N’ISESENGURA RYABYO a) Kumenya niba abagobotse bafite inyungu mu rubanza; b) Inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza yagaragaye mu mwanzuro w’abagobotse; c) Ishingiro n’itangwa ry’indishyi zisabwa ABAMUHOZA kuko iretse urubanza rwayo. 1) Kumenya niba abagobotse bafite inyungu mu rubanza [22] Me Bagaza Magnifique uhagarariye Kankundiye Médiatrice na Mukarurinda Penina bagobotse mu rubanza, avuga ko bafite inyungu yo kurugobokamo kuko baguze, buri wese, igice cy’umutungo uburanwa (ares 10); ko kandi batambamiye rumwe (1) mu manza zaregewe 8 Umwanzuro wo kugoboka woherejwe Urukiko kuri iyi tariki, via Help Desk.

ivuguruzanya RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS; ko ndetse Ngabonziza yemeye ko ubutaka buburanwa nibugabanywamo ibice, azaha buri wese ahe. Yasoje asobanura ko uru rubanza rubaye batarurimo byabangamira inyungu zabo. [23] Me Turikumwenimana Emmanuel avuga ko ashingiye ku miburanire y’abagobotse, nta nyungu bafite mu rubanza, kuko baburana mu mizi bakomoza ku burenganzira bwabo ku mutungo uburanwa kandi atari cyo kiburanwa, ko icyaregewe ari ivuguruzanya ry’imanza. Asobanura ko asanga bakwiye gutegereza icibwa ry’uru rubanza, ryarangira bakazaburana urwo batanzemo ikirego cyo gutambamira urubanza kiri mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze. [24] Me Kavuyekure Dieudonné nawe avuga ko abagobotse nta nyungu bafite muri uru rubanza, ko ahubwo bayifite mu rwo batanzemo ikirego cyo gutambamira urubanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze. [25] Urukiko rwafatiye icyemezo mu ntebe, rwemeza ko rushingiye ku byemezo by’Inteko y’Abunzi b’Akagari ka Nyonirima byabaye ndakuka, byemeje ko abagobotse bagomba gusubizwa ubutaka bwabo baguze, ibice baguze kandi bikaba biri mu byaburanywe mu manza ziregerwa kuvuguruzanya, rusanga icyemezo cyafatwa cyose ku ivuguruzanya cyabagiraho ingaruka. [26] Rushingiye ku ngingo ya 114 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryahinduwe, rusanga Mukarurinda Penina na Kankundiye Médiatrice bafite ububasha, ubushobozi n’inyungu yemewe n’amategeko, itaziguye kandi bwite yo kugoboka muri uru rubanza; bityo rwemeza ko ukugoboka kwa Mukarurinda Penina na Kankundiye Médiatrice kwakiriwe. 2) Inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza yagaragaye mu mwanzuro w’abagobotse [27] Urukiko rwasabye abagobotse mu rubanza gusobanura inzitizi igaragara mu mwanzuro wabo, aho bavuga ko ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya kidakwiye kwakirwa. [28] Me Bagaza Magnifique asobanura ko ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza kidakwiye kwakirwa, kuko abo ahagarariye batambamiye rumwe muri izo manza zaregewe, ari rwo RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS, ikirego cyabo kikaba cyaranditswe kuri N°RC 00093/2024/TGI/MUS, akaba asanga imanza zose zaregewe ivuguruzanya zitari zaba ndakuka. [29] Me Turikumwenimana Emmanuel avuga ko imanza zaregewe kuvuguruzanya zabaye itegeko, ko gutambamira urubanza ari inzira idasanzwe itabuza irangiza ry’imanza bireba, bityo akaba asaba kudaha ishingiro ibivugwa n’abagobotse. [30] Me Kavuyekure Dieudonné avuga ko Urukiko rukwiye gusuzuma urubanza rugomba kuburanishwa mbere y’urundi, hagati y’urubanza rwerekeye ivuguruzanya, n’urubanza rwo gutambamira rumwe mu manza zaregewe ivuguruzanya. [31] Urukiko rwabajije ababuranyi niba bazi urubanza RC 00093/2024/TGI/MUS, bose bemera ko ruhari kandi bemeranya ko imikirize yarwo iramutse ihinduye iyo mu rubanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS, haba ikibazo kuko uru rwaba rutakiri ndakuka. Me Turikumwenimana

Emmanuel yanzuye avuga ko baretse urubanza rwabo, urubanza rukazakomeza nyuma y’icibwa ry’urubanza RC 00093/2024/TGI/MUS. [32] Me Bagaza Magnifique yemeye ukureka urubanza gukozwe na Me Turikumwenimana Emmanuel, Me Kavuyekure Dieudonné nawe arabyemera. Urukiko rumaze kumva ababuranyi bose bemeye ukureka urubanza gukozwe na ABAMUHOZA, rushingiye ku ngingo ya 123 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi rwasanze ABAMUHOZA yakwemererwa kureka urubanza. 3) Ishingiro n’itangwa ry’amafaranga asabwa ABAMUHOZA kuko iretse urubanza rwayo. [33] Me Kavuyekure Dieudonné avuga ko asaba ibyo umukiliya we yatakaje muri uru rubanza, ni ukuvuga igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500.000 Frw n’ikurikiranarubanza ringana na 200.000 Frw. [34] Me Turikumwenimana Emmanuel uhagarariye ABAMUHOZA, avuga ko nubwo Me Kavuyekure Dieudonné atagaragaje uwo asaba indishyi, ABAMUHOZA nta kosa yakoze ryatuma iryozwa indishyi, kuko icyo yashakaga ari uko hakemurwa ikibazo cy'imanza zivuguruzanya, bityo ko indishyi zisabwa nta shingiro. [35] Me Bagaza Magnifique uhagarariye Mukarurinda Penina na Kankundiye Médiatrice, avuga ko indishyi bazazisaba mu rubanza RC 00093/2024/TGI/MUS. URUKIKO UKO RUBIBONA [36] Impaka zigomba gukemurwa kuri iki kibazo, zishingiye ku kumenya niba ABAMUHOZA yacibwa amafaranga Ngabonziza avuga ko yakoresheje mu rubanza, kuko iruretse, bitewe n’abarugobotsemo batambamiye rumwe mu manza zari zaregewe kuvuguruzanya. [37] Ingingo ya 123, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, nk’uko ryahinduwe, iteganya ko kureka urubanza ari uburenganzira umuburanyi afite bwo kuvuga ko aretse urubanza yari yaregeye, uwo yaregaga akabyemera”. [38] Ingingo ya 124 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 rivuzwe haruguru, iteganya ko kureka ikirego no kureka urubanza bituma ibintu bisubira uko byari bimeze ku mpande zombi mbere y’uko urukiko ruregerwa. Uretse ikirego cyangwa urubanza ashobora gucibwa amafaranga y’amagarama cyangwa igihembo cya Avoka n’andi yose yatanzwe n’uwo yari yareze mu gukurikirana urubanza (…)”. [39] Iyi ngingo yumvikanisha ko umuburanyi uretse ikirego cyangwa urubanza ashobora kubihanirwa, agatanga igihembo cya Avoka, amagarama n’andi mafaranga yishyuwe n’uwo yareze. [40] Imyandikire y’iki gice cy’iyi ngingo, yumvikanisha ko atari ihame ko ayo mafaranga atangwa, uko ibintu byaba byaragenze kose; ahubwo ko ayo mafaranga agenwa n’urukiko, rushingiye ku bimenyetso, imiterere ya dosiye n’imiburanire y’ababuranyi. Urukiko rusanga iyo

Umushingamategeko ashaka kubigira ihame, atari gukoresha inshinga “ashobora”, ahubwo yari gukoresha ijambo ririmo igitekerezo cyo gutegeka, urugero: agomba gucibwa, acibwa, ategekwa kwishyura. [41] Isesengura rikozwe rihura n’igisobanuro cy’amagambo Umushingamategeko yakoresheje mu ndimi z’amahanga, ashaka kuvuga « ashobora »: mu rurimi rw’Icyongereza, Umushingamategeko yakoresheje amagambo “may be ordered to pay”, naho mu Igifaransa, yakoresheje amagambo “peut être soumise à payer.’’ [42] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza imanza 2 zaregewe kuvuguruzanya: RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 28/03/2024, n’urubanza Nᵒ RP 00839/2023/TB/MUH rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza ku wa 28/12/2023. [43] Igaragaza kandi ko ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza, cyageze mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/04/2024, hanyuma cyoherezwa muri uru Rukiko; imanza zombi zikaba zari zarabaye ndakuka nk’uko ABAMUHOZA na Ngabonziza babyumvikanaho, kuko nta na rumwe rwashoboraga kujuririrwa. [44] Dosiye igaragaza nanone ko urubanza RCA 00073/2023/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 28/03/2024, rwamenyeshejwe abagobotse ku wa 22/07/2024, hanyuma barutambamira ku itariki ya 02/08/2024, ni ukuvuga nyuma y’itangwa ry’ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Urukiko rukaba rusanga igihe ABAMUHOZA yatangaga ikirego cy’ivuguruzanya ry’imanza, yari izi ko imanza iregera zabaye ndakuka, ikaba idakwiye kugira icyo iryozwa bitewe n’uko iretse urubanza, nyuma yo kumenya ko rumwe mu manza yaregeraga rwatambamiwe. [45] Hashingiwe ku ngingo z’amategeko zibukijwe n’ibisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rusanga ABAMUHOZA idakwiye gutegekwa kwishyura igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [46] Rwemeye ukureka urubanza kwakozwe na ABAMUHOZA SACCO; [47] Rwemeje ko nta mafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza ABAMUHOZA SACCO igomba guha Ngabonziza Pacifique.