ABAZUNGURA_BA_MUKAGAHIMA_v._NGARAMBE_461770_kn

# ABAZUNGURA_BA_MUKAGAHIMA_v._NGARAMBE_461770_kn

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2018-07-06 - Case/document no.: RCAA0039/15/CS - Collection: Supreme Court

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ABAZUNGURA BA MUKAGAHIMA v. NGARAMBE [RWANDA URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – RCAA0039/15/CS (Mugenzi P.J, Nyirandabaruta na Gakwaya J.) 06 Nyakanga 2018] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Ikirego cy’indishyi – Gutanga ikirego cy’imbonezamubano gisaba gutesha agaciro inyandiko ntaho gihuriye n’ikirego cy’indishyi gitanzwe hisunzwe ubushinjacyaha – Itegeko N ᵒ30/2013 ryo ku wa 24/05/2013 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 139. Amategeko agenga amasezerano – Amasezerano y’impano – Impano ishobora gukorerwa inyandiko mpamo cyangwa inyandiko bwite cyangwa igashyikirizwa gusa nyirayo – Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza Igitabo cya mbere cy'urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura, ingingo ya 27. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ngarambe yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, asaba gutesha agaciro ibyangombwa by’ubutaka byashingiweho Mukagahima ahabwa “acte de notoriété” y’inzu Ngarambe avuga ko ari iye, asaba Urukiko gutegeka ko iyo nzu imwandikwaho, na Mukagahima akamuha indishyi, inyungu yahombye n’igihembo cya Avoka. Mukagahima we akavuga ko ikirego cya Ngarambe kidakwiye kwakirwa kuko ibyo amurega yabiburanye mu rundi rubanza nshinjabyaha ararutsinda, Ngarambe nawe yari yaruregeyemo indishyi ariko ikirego cye nticyasuzumwe kubera ko Mukagahima yagizwe umwere. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Ngarambe nta shingiro gifite. Ngarambe yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, avuga ko Urukiko rwanze gusuzuma ikirego cye rushingiye ku rubanza rw’inshinjabyaha kandi rutagomba guhuzwa n’urw’imbonezamubano kuko ababuranyi n’ikiburanwa atari bimwe. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Ngarambe bufite ishingiro. Mukagahimana ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, arujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutagombaga kwakira ikirego, ko rwirengagije ibimenyetso bihamya inkomoko y’umutungo ndetse ko rwirengagije ko yabanye na Ngarambe nk’umugore n’umugabo. Mukagahima yaje kwitaba Imana, Urukiko rubanza gusuzuma ikibazo cy’abana be batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure, ku bijyanye n’uburyo bagomba bahagararirwa mu rubanza. Urukiko rwemeje ko abana batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure bashakirwa umwishingizi mu buryo buteganywa n’Itegeko rigenga abantu n’umuryango. Ngarambe avuga ko ingingo ya 139 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha itabuza umuntu gutanga ikirego cy’imbonezamubano ku mpamvu zitandukanye n’izo yashingiyeho atanga ikirego cy’indishyi mu rubanza nshinjabyaha. Avuga kandi ko abajuriye bivuguruza, kuko bavuga ko Ngarambe yatanze impano, kandi bagahakana aho yakuye umutungo.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Gutanga ikirego cy’imbonezamubano gisaba gutesha agaciro inyandiko ntaho gihuriye n’ikirego cy’indishyi gitanzwe hisunzwe ubushinjacyaha, bityo iki kirego kigomba kwakirwa. 2. Impano ishobora gukorerwa inyandiko mpamo cyangwa inyandiko bwite cyangwa igashyikirizwa gusa nyirayo. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro; Urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse kuri byose Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No43/2013 ryo ku wa 16/06/2013 rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda, ingingo ya 10. Itegeko N 30/2013 ryo ku wa 24/05/2013 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ᵒ ingingo ya 139. Itegeko Nº15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 106 n’iya 162. Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza Igitabo cya mbere cy'Urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w’abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura, ingingo ya 27 n’iya 28. Itegeko ryo ku wa 10/07/1888 rigenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo nshinganwa, ingingo ya 258. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza. I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ngarambe Jean yaregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, asaba gutesha agaciro ibyangombwa by’ubutaka byatanzwe n’Ubuyobozi bw’Inzego z’Ibanze byashingiweho Mukagahima Généreuse ahabwa “acte de notoriété” y’umutungo ugizwe n’inzu Ngarambe Jean avuga ko ari uwe, asaba Urukiko ko rwategeka ko iyo nzu imwandikwaho, na Mukagahima Généreuse akamwishyura indishyi, inyungu yahombye n’igihembo cya Avoka. [2] Mukagahima Généreuse yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego cya Ngarambe Jean kubera ko ibyo amurega babiburanye mu rubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE, rwaciwe ku wa 10/07/2014, aho Mukagahima Généreuse yaregwaga icyaha cyo kwihesha ku bw’uburiganya ibyemezo bitangwa n’inzego zabigenewe no gukoresha inyandiko zitavugisha ukuri, Ngarambe Jean nawe akaruregeramo indishyi ariko ikirego cye ntigisuzumwe kubera ko Mukagahima Généreuse yagizwe umwere ku byo yaregwaga bisa n’ibyo aregwa mu rubanza mbonezamubano. [3] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza RC0742/14/TGI/Nyge ku wa 24/03/2015, rwemeza ko ikirego cya Ngarambe Jean nta shingiro gifite, kubera ko rwasanze mu rubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE, Urukiko rwaremeje ko Mukagahima Généreuse atagize uburiganya mu kwihesha ibyemezo no gukoresha inyandiko itavugisha ukuri, rwanzura ko ntaho

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rwahera rwemeza ko biteshwa agaciro kandi byaratanzwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, rutegeka Ngarambe Jean guha Mukagahima Généreuse 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka, indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza no gukurikirana urubanza. [4] Ngarambe Jean yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, avuga ko Urukiko rwanze gusuzuma ikirego cye rushingiye ku rubanza rw’inshinjabyaha kandi rutagomba guhuzwa n’urw’imbonezamubano, kandi ko ababuranyi n’ikiburanwa atari bimwe. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza RCA0174/15/HC/KIG, ku wa 23/10/2015, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Ngarambe Jean bufite ishingiro, rutegeka ko ibyemezo byatanzwe n’Inzego z’Ibanze harimo icyemezo cyo ku wa 30/02/2009, icyo ku wa 28/08/2004, icyemezo cy’umutungo N° 1253//2004 na “acte de notoriété” yo ku wa 27/07/2010, byatanzwe mu izina rya Mukagahima Généreuse biteshejwe agaciro, inzu iburanwa ikaba igomba kwandikwa kuri Ngarambe Jean, rutegeka Mukagahima Généreuse guha Ngarambe Jean 1.225.000 Frw y’indishyi n’amagarama y’urubanza. [5] Mukagahimana Généreuse ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, arujuririra muri uru Rukiko, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutagombaga kwakira ikirego ndetse ngo rwirengagize ibimenyetso bihamya inkomoko y’umutungo no kuba yarabanye na Ngarambe Jean nk’umugore n’umugabo, indishyi yaciwe zikaba zidafite ishingiro kuko hari ibyo yakoze ku nzu. [6] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 11/10/2016, ku wa 10/01/2017 no ku wa 18/4/2017, hasuzumwa ikibazo cy’abagomba gukomeza urubanza ku ruhande rwa Mukagahima Généreuse witabye Imana ku wa 31/07/2016, Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice ahagarariye bamwe mu bazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse, naho Ngarambe Jean yunganiwe na Me Kayitana Evode, impaka zikomereza ku buryo abana batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure bahagararirwa mu rubanza. [7] Ku itariki ya 19/05/2017, Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo ko abana Ngarambe Bruce Kevin na Ngarambe Chris, batarageza ku myaka y’ubukure bashakirwa umwishingizi mu buryo buteganywa n’Itegeko nº 32/2016 ryo ku wa 28/08/2016, rigenga abantu n’umuryango, babifashijwemo n’Ubuyobozi bw’Umurenge wa Remera. [8] Iburanisha ry’urubanza mu mizi ryabereye mu ruhame ku itariki ya 22/05/2018, Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice ahagarariye Mugabo Aimé Fernand, Umulisa Murielle na Ndayisenga Sandrine (Umwishingizi wa Ngarambe Bruce Kevin), Me Bizimana Emmanuel na Me Safari Kizito bahagarariye Ngarambe Jean naho Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce ahagarariye Nzabandora Ildephonse, umwishingizi wa Ngarambe Chris. Abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse basobanuye impamvu z’ubujurire, abahagarariye Ngarambe Jean bazireguraho. Kuri uwo munsi, Urukiko rwemeza ko iburanisha ribaye risubitswe kugira ngo ruzagere aho ikiburanwa kiri. [9] Iperereza ryabaye ku itariki ya 21/03/2018, mu Mudugudu w’Amajyambere, Akagari ka Rukiri I, Umurenge wa Remera, Akarere ka Gasabo, Umujyi wa Kigali, ahari ikiburanwa, Urukiko rukaba rwarabajije abatangabuhamya bo ku mpande zombi, iburanisha ry’urubanza risubukurwa ku wa 22/05/2018, ababuranyi bunganiwe nka mbere, bahabwa umwanya kugira ngo bagire icyo bavuga ku byavuye mu iperereza no ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya.

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II. BIBAZO BIRI MURI URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURWA RYABYO 1. Kumenya niba ikirego cya Ngarambe Jean kitaragombaga kwakirwa [10] Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice, uhagarariye Mugabo Aimé Fernand, Umulisa Murielle na Ndayisenga Sandrine (Umwishingizi wa Ngarambe Bruce Kevin), bavuga ko ikirego cya Ngarambe Jean kitagombaga kwakirwa n’inkiko zibanza kuko ingingo ya 139 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ibuza umuntu gutanga ikirego mu rukiko ruburanisha imanza z’inshinjabyaha ngo anagitange mu ruburanisha imanza z’imbonezamubano, ikindi akaba ari uko muri dosiye harimo urubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE rwabaye itegeko, aho Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwashingiye ku bimenyetso by’amakuru yatanzwe n’abari Abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze bemeza ko umutungo wanditswe kuri Mukagahima Généreuse bisabwe na Ngarambe Jean, ibyo bituma Mukagahima Généreuse agirwa umwere, bituma n’indishyi Ngarambe Jean yari yasabye zidasuzumwa. [11] Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice avuga ko inzitizi batanze atari ikirego gishya bayitanze no mu nkiko zo hasi, kandi ko iyo nzitizi ishobora gutangwa aho urubanza rwaba rugeze hose; ko Ngarambe Jean yategereje ko urubanza ruba itegeko ntarujuririre, nyuma akajya gutanga ikirego gisa n’icyo yaregeye mu rubanza rw’inshinjabyaha mu Rukiko mbonezamubano kandi itegeko ribimubuza. [12] Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce, uhagarariye Nzabandora Ildephonse avuga ko ingingo ya 139 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ikoreshwa igihe ikirego cy’indishyi cyakiriwe kigasuzumwa, ikirego cya Ngarambe Jean kikaba kitarasuzumwe kuko Mukagahima Généreuse yari yagizwe umwere, akaba yumva nta cyabuza ko gitangwa mu rubanza mbonezamubano, kuko amategeko mbonezamubano n’ay’inshinjabyaha buri kimwe kigenga, kandi umucamanza w’imbonezamubano akaba adategetswe gukora ibyo umucamanza w’imanza z’inshinjabyaha yakoze, ko ikirego cy’indishyi kigomba gukurikiza amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano. [13] Me Bizimana Emmanuel, uhagarariye Ngarambe Jean, avuga ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bw’abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse idakwiriye gusuzumwa kuko ari ikirego gishya gitanzwe mu bujurire kitigeze kiburanwaho mu rwego rwo hasi, akabihuza n’ingingo ivuga ko umuburanyi ajurira inenge iri mu rubanza, kuba mu nkiko zabanje nta cyemezo cyafashwe cyo kutakira ikirego, akaba atabona inenge iri mu rubanza, ko Urukiko rubibonye ukundi, rwakwemeza ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite kuko ababuranyi mu rubanza nshinjabyaha batandukanye n’ababuranyi mu rubanza rw’imbonezamubano, ndetse ko ikirego cy’indishyi kitigeze gisuzumwa. [14] Me Bizimana Emmanuel akomeza avuga ko ingingo ya 139 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ibuza umuntu wasabye indishyi yisunze ubushinjacyaha, kuba na none yasaba indishyi zishingiye kuri cya cyaha mu rubanza rw’imbonezamubano, ariko ko idashobora kubuza umuntu gutanga ikirego ku mpamvu zitandukanye n’iza mbere. Naho ku cy’uko urubanza rw’inshinjabyaha rwabaye itegeko kandi batigeze barujuririra, Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko atari ibyo kuko ibyo basaba Urukiko mu rubanza rw’inshinjabyaha bitigeze bisuzumwa ngo bifatweho icyemezo.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Ingingo ya 139 y’Itegeko No30/2013 ryo ku wa 24/05/2013 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko “Uwangirijwe n’icyaha wifuza kuregera indishyi ashobora guhitamo kuregera urukiko ruburanisha imanza z’inshinjabyaha cyangwa urukiko ruburanisha imanza z’imbonezamubano. Icyakora, iyo yahisemo urukiko aregera, yaba urw’inshinjabyaha cyangwa urw’imbonezamubano, ntashobora guhindukira ngo atange nanone ikirego cye mu rundi rukiko ku kirego kimwe”. [16] Ingingo ya 106 y’Itegeko Nº15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko “Ububasha bw’urubanza rwabaye indakuka bugarukira gusa ku cyaburanwe kigakiranurwa. Ikintu cyaburanywe kigomba kuba kimwe, ikirego kigomba kuba gishingiye ku mpamvu imwe, icyo kirego kigomba kuba cyerekeye ababuranyi bamwe kandi bakiburana mu izina ryabo rya mbere”. [17] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu rubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE, Mukagahima Généreuse yarezwe mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, icyaha cyo kwihesha ku bw’uburiganya ibyemezo bitangwa n’inzego zabigenewe no gukoresha abizi inyandiko itavugisha ukuri, Twiringiyimana Célestin nawe aregwa muri urwo rubanza icyaha cyo kwiha ububasha ku mirimo itariye, muri urwo rubanza kandi Ngarambe Jean akaba yararuregeyemo indishyi, Urukiko mu gufata icyemezo ku itariki ya 10/07/2014, rwemeza ko Mukagahima Généreuse na Twiringiyimana Célestin badahamwa n’ibyaha baregwa, runemeza ko ikirego cy’indishyi cyatanzwe na Ngarambe Jean kidasuzumwe. [18] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza na none ko Ngarambe Jean nyuma y’urwo rubanza yaregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, mu rubanza RC0742/14/TGI/NYGE, asaba gutesha agaciro ibyangombwa byo mu Buyobozi bw’Ibanze biha uburenganzira bwo kwandikwaho umutungo ugizwe n’inzu ye kuri Mukagahima Généreuse, asaba ko inzu ishyirwa mu mazina ye, kwishyurwa indishyi zijyanye no kuvutswa uburenganzira ndetse n’inyungu yahombye zo kutagira uburenganzira ku nzu ye n’igihembo cya Avoka. [19] Urukiko rurasanga icyo ingingo ya 139 y’Itegeko No 30 /2013 ryo ku wa 24/05/2013 ryavuzwe haruguru ibuza, ari uko iyo umuntu afashe inzira yo gutanga ikirego cy’indishyi mu Rukiko ruburanisha imanza z’inshinjabyaha, adashobora guhindura ngo agitange mu Rukiko ruburanisha imanza z’imbonezamubano, ibi akaba atari byo Ngarambe Jean yakoze, kuko ikirego yatanze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge mu rubanza rw’imbonezamubano cyo gutesha agaciro ibyangombwa byo mu Buyobozi bw’Ibanze, ntaho gihuriye n’ikirego cy’indishyi yatanze yisunze ubushinjacyaha mu rubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE, igihe Mukagahima Généreuse yari akurikiranyweho n’Ubushinjacyaha mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, ku cyaha cyo kwihesha ku bw’uburiganya ibyemezo bitangwa n’inzego zabigenewe no gukoresha abizi inyandiko itavugisha ukuri. Rurasanga rero ibyo Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice avuga ko ikirego cya Ngarambe Jean kitagombaga kwakirwa n’inkiko zibanza kuko yatanze ikirego mu rukiko ruburanisha imanza z’inshinjabyaha nyuma akagitanga mu ruburanisha imanza z’imbonezamubano nta shingiro ifite. [20] Urukiko rurasanga kandi nk’uko byagaragajwe harugururu, kugira ngo hiyambazwe ihame ry’uko hari urubanza rwabaye itegeko, ari uko haba hari ikirego gishingiye ku kiburanwa

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kimwe, hagati y’ababuranyi bamwe kandi bakiburana mu izina ryabo rya mbere. Nta wavuga rero ko inkiko zabanje zirengagije iryo hame ku bijyanye n’urwo rubanza, kuko urubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE rw’inshinjabyaha Mukagahima Généreuse yaburanye n’Ubushinjacyaha rutandukanye n’uru haba kuri kamere yazo kuko rumwe ari urw’inshinjabyaha urundi rukaba urw’imbonezamubano, haba ku kiburanwa ndetse no ku baburanyi, bityo, ibyo uhagarariye Mugabo Aimé Fernand, Umulisa Murielle na Ndayisenga Sandrine (Umwishingizi wa Ngarambe Bruce Kevin), avuga ko hirengagijwe urubanza rwabaye itegeko bikaba nta shingiro bifite. [21] Ku bijyanye n’ibivugwa na Me Bizimana Emmanuel ko iyi ngingo y’ubujurire irebana n’inzitizi yatanzwe n’abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse yo kutakira ikirego cyatanzwe na Ngarambe Jean idakwiriye gusuzumwa kuko ari ikirego gishya, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rurasanga iyi ngingo atari ubwa mbere isuzumwe, kuko yanagarutsweho mu Rukiko Rukuru, urwo Rukiko rukaba rwarayifasheho umwanzuro mu gika cya 12, bityo rero iyo nzitizi ikaba itafatwa nk’ikirego gishya gitanzwe bwa mbere muri uru Rukiko. 2. Kumenya nyiri umutungo uburanwa [22] Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice avuga ko mu gika cya 18 na 19 cy’urubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwagaragaje inkomoko y’umutungo nk’uko byemejwe n’Abayobozi b’Inzego z’Ibanze, ko rero kuba hari urubanza nshinjabyaha rwemeje inkomoko y’umutungo, rutakurwaho n’urubanza rw’imbonezamubano. [23] Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice akomeza avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye icyemezo cyarwo ku nyandiko yo mu mwaka wa 1995 yatanzwe na Ngarambe Jean nk’inkomoko y’umutungo kandi baragaragaje inenge zitandukanye iyo nyandiko ifite; ko umuntu uvugwa muri iyo nyandiko ari Ngarambe Jean Pierre, akaba atari Ngarambe Jean, ndetse ko n’impano bayinenga kuko uvuga ko yayitanze atigeze asinya ku nyandiko. Asobanura ko aho bavuga ko ari igikumwe yateye atari byo, kuko ari nk’umuti w’ikaramu wamenetsemo, ndetse nta n’umukono w’uwahawe ugaragara kuri iyo nyandiko, kandi n’uwatanze akaba atagaragaza ikibanza yatanze aho giherereye. [24] Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice avuga kandi ko ibivugwa n’abahagarariye Ngarambe Jean ko niba koko Ngarambe Jean yarahaye Mukagahima Généreuse umutungo uburanwa hagombye kuba hari inyandiko ibigaragaza, atari byo, kuko itegeko ry’izungura rivuga ko impano ishobora gutangwa ishyikirijwe gusa nyiri ukuyihabwa, ko ntaho biteganyijwe ko impano igihe cyose igomba kuba yanditse. Akomeza avuga ko ibyo Ngarambe Jean avuga ko Mukagahima Généreuse yiyandikishijeho uwo mutungo mu mwaka wa 2009 na 2010, igihe yari yafunzwe, atari byo, kuko kuva mu mwaka wa 2004, iyo mitungo yari yanditse kuri Mukagahima Généreuse kandi we na Ngarambe Jean babana mu nzu imwe, bityo akaba asaba Urukiko gushingira ku nyandiko yo mu mwaka wa 2000 igaragaza ko umukecuru Ntacyobazi Anastasie yahaye Mukagahima Généreuse na Ngarambe Jean icyo kibanza kiburanwa. [25] Ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe mu iperereza ryo ku wa 21/03/2018, Me Mugobonabandi Jean Maurice avuga ko icyo umutangabuhamya Izere Valentine yavuze cyafasha Urukiko ari uko ibyangombwa Ngarambe Jean asaba ko biteshwa agaciro Mukagahima Généreuse yabibonye nta manyanga akoreshejwe, bityo ko bidakwiriye guteshwa agaciro mu gihe yabibonye mu buryo bukurikije amategeko; ko umutangabuhamya Twiringiyimana Célestin yavuze neza ko yari muri komite y’Umudugudu kuva mu mwaka wa 2003 kugeza mu mwaka wa

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2006, yongera kuyigarukamo mu mwaka wa 2009 kugeza uyu munsi, akaba yarasobanuye ko Ngarambe Jean ubwe yigiriye mu buyobozi asaba ko umutungo wandikwa kuri Mukagahima Généreuse, bikaba bihuje n’ibiri mu rubanza rw’inshinjabyaha bashyikirije Urukiko; naho Bakina akaba yaragaragaje ko azi amateka y’ahaburanwa kuko yavuze ko hahabwa Ngarambe Jean na Mukagahima Généreuse abizi ndetse ko yasinye ku masezerano y’impano. [26] Me Mugobonabandi Jean Maurice akomeza avuga ko atemera ibyo abandi batangabuhamya bavuze, kuko Nzabandora Jimmy avukana na Ngarambe Jean kuri se na nyina, akaba ashobora kubogama kubera isano y’amaraso bafitanye, ikindi akaba ari uko avuga ko Ngarambe Jean ahabwa ikibanza cyarimo inzu yabanaga na Mukagahima Généreuse, ariko Ngarambe Jean akavuga ko batabanaga, bakaba bavuguruzanya kandi Ngarambe Jean ariwe wamwitangiye; ko ku mutangabuhamya Kanani icyo Urukiko rwareba ari ukuntu Ngarambe Jean nk’umuntu ujijutse (Ingénieur) yafashe umuyede (aide-maçon) w’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) y’amavuko, utazi kwandika neza, amugira umutangabuhamya n’umwanditsi w’inyandiko yita ikimenyetso cy’ibyo aburana; naho ku mutangabuhamya Mukampabuka Hélène akaba avuga ko mu murima harimo ubunyobwa, akanyuranya na Kanani uvuga ko harimo ibyatsi byitwa ibyicamahirwe kandi bose bari bahari; Radjab nawe akavuga ko yatangiye kubaka mu 1999, binyuranye n’ibyo ababuranyi bavuga. [27] Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce avuga ko Ngarambe Jean agaragaza ko ubutaka yabuhawe na Ntacyobazi Anastasie, bityo umutungo ukaba ari uwe, naho ku bijyanye n’amazina ya Ngarambe Jean-Pierre, avuga ko habayeho kwibeshya ku mazina, kandi ko bitari gushoboka ko Ngarambe Jean aha impano Mukagahima Généreuse atabyanditse ngo anabisinyire; ikindi ko impano zombi Ngarambe Jean yari yahawe zari mu nyandiko, impano bavuga ko yahaye Mukagahima Généreuse, ikaba itari gutangwa mu magambo gusa. [28] Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce avuga ko ibyo uruhande rwajuriye ruvuga ko ku nyandiko y’impano nta mukono w’uwatanze uriho, ataribyo kuko hariho igikumwe, naho ku by’uko Mukagahima Généreuse yari afite umutungo uburanwa kuva mu mwaka wa 2004, avuga ko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rusanze umutungo uburanwa ari uwa Ngarambe Jean, Mukagahima Généreuse yazongera kuregera uburenganzira bwe. [29] Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce yakomeje avuga ko hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko impano zatanzwe ari ebyiri, iya mbere Ntacyobazi Anastasie ikaba ari ubutaka bufite 20mx14m, yahaye Mukagahima Généreuse na Ngarambe Jean, nyuma ubwo butaka Umujyi wa Kigali uza kubuha uwitwa Kizito Jean. Avuga ko impano ya kabiri igaragazwa n’inyandiko yo ku wa 27/02/1995, Ntacyobazi Anastasie yayihaye Ngarambe Jean wenyine, ikaba ari nawo mutungo uburanwa muri uru rubanza, ko niba uhagarariye abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse atemera ko Ngarambe Jean yahawe uwo mutungo, bagaragaza aho Ngarambe Jean yakuye ubutaka bavuga yamuhaye. [30] Ku bijyanye n’iperereza, Me Uwamahoro Marie Grâce avuga ko ubuhamya bwa Izere Valentine ntacyo bwatanga kuko adasobanura uburyo Ngarambe Jean yahaye Mukagahima Généreuse; ko Twiringiyimana Célestin nawe atasobanuye ipfundo ry’ikibazo kuko atavuze ko Ngarambe Jean yahaye Mukagahima Généreuse, ahubwo aribyo yumvise; ko ubuhamya bwa Bakina butashingirwaho kuko yavuze ko yasanze amasezerano yabaye, bakamuha inzoga

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agasinya, naho Nzabandora Jimmy na Kanani bo bakaba berekana inkomoko y’umutungo, bakagaragaza ko ari uwa Ngarambe Jean, bityo akaba akwiye ku wandikwaho. [31] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga ko abajuriye bivuguruza, kuko bavuga ko Ngarambe Jean yatanze impano, kandi bagahakana aho yakuye umutungo, ikindi akaba ari uko amatariki Mukagahima Généreuse avuga ko yahereweho ibyangombwa, ahura n’amatariki Ngarambe Jean yari afunzwe. Avuga ko ibyo Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice asaba ko Ngarambe Jean na Mukagahima Généreuse bagabanamo kabiri kuko babanye bakaba barafatanyije kubaka inzu, asanga ari ikirego gishya, ingingo ya 4 n’iya 7 z’Itegeko Nᵒ 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano zikaba zitabyemera, kuko batigeze basaba kugabana bakaba babivugiye bwa mbere mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga. Naho ibijyanye no kumenya niba Ngarambe Jean ariwe Ngarambe Jean-Pierre uvugwa mu nyandiko yo mu mwaka wa 1995, avuga ko ariwe ndetse ko yatanze ikimenyetso cy’ikarita ya Batisimu yerekana ko yitwa Jean-Pierre. [32] Me Bizimana Emmanuel avuga kandi ko kuba Radjab ataragaragaje ikimenyetso cy’uko yari umufundi, atari cyo cyari kigambiriwe, bikaba bitatuma ibyo yavuze bidahabwa agaciro, naho kuba Kanani yari umuyede akagenda na Ingenieur” nta tegeko ryishwe. Asoza avuga ko ‟ kuba inyandiko y’impano igaragaraho Ngarambe Jean bihagije, kuba nta nyandiko ihari ivuguruza iya mbere, Urukiko rukwiye kubiheraho, rwemeza ko umutungo ari uwa Ngarambe Jean. [33] Me Safari Kizito avuga ko ku bijyanye n’inkomoko y’umutungo Bakina Bernard ntacyo yafasha Urukiko, kuko yasanze amasezerano yarangiye bakamuha inzoga agasinya, Twiringiyimana Célestin akaba atavugisha ukuri kuko yaregwaga mu rubanza rw’inshinjabyaha hamwe na Mukagahima Généreuse; Nzabandora Jimmy ibyo yasobanuye ko Ngarambe Jean ariwe wahawe wenyine bikaba aribyo, ubuhamya bwe bukaba butateshwa agaciro kubera ko avukana na Ngarambe Jean; naho kuri Kanani na Mukampabuka Hélène kuba umwe yabona ubunyobwa, undi akabona ikindi biterwa n’ibyo buri wese akunda, naho Radjab akaba yaravuze ko atazi inkomoko y’ubutaka, ko yatangiye kubaka mu mwaka wa 1999, kandi akaba avuga ko umuntu yabonaga akaba ari Ngarambe Jean wenyine, nabyo bikaba bikwiye guhabwa agaciro. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [34] Ingingo ya 162 y’Itegeko Nᵒ15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004, ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko Ubuhamya ‟ ari ibivugwa mu rukiko bivuzwe n’umuntu wabibonye cyangwa wabyumvise ubwe ku byerekeye ikiburanwa”. [35] Ingingo ya 27 y’Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryuzuza Igitabo cya mbere cy'Urwunge rw'amategeko mbonezamubano kandi rishyiraho igice cya gatanu cyerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura yateganyaga ko Impano ‟ zikorerwa inyandiko mpamo cyangwa inyandiko bwite cyangwa igashyikirizwa gusa nyirayo”. Naho ingingo ya 28 y’iryo Tegeko igateganya ko impano itangira kugira agaciro ku munsi ‟ yemewe n'uyihawe. Kwemera impano bishobora gukorwa mu nyandiko cyangwa mu mvugo” [36] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko igihe Mukagahima Généreuse yarezwe mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, mu rubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE, icyaha cyo kwihesha ku

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bw’uburiganya ibyemezo bitangwa n’inzego zabigenewe no gukoresha abizi inyandiko itavugisha ukuri, Urukiko rwemeje ko ari umwere rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya barimo Twiringiyimana Célestin na Nibisekere Louis, bahamya ko ubwo bari Abayobozi mu nzego z’ibanze bakiriye Ngarambe Jean, abasaba ko Mukagahima Généreuse ariwe wandikwaho umutungo, ngo kuko yavugaga ko agiye gutana n’umugore we wa mbere, akaba ashaka kuwandika kuri Mukagahima Généreuse wari umugore we wa kabiri kugira ngo umwana bafitanye azabone ikimutunga, n’inyandiko yitwa isambu gakondo ivuga ko Ngarambe Jean na Mukagahima Généreuse bahawe isambu irimo inzu gakondo na Ntacyobazi Anastasie, bityo ko kuba Ngarambe Jean ariwe wategetse inzego z’ibanze kwandikaho umutungo Mukagahima Généreuse wenyine, nta kindi yari gukora usibye kubyemera. [37] Ibyashingiweho muri urwo rubanza No RP0295/14/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, bishimangirwa n’ibyo abatangabuhamya babwiye uru Rukiko ubwo rwakoraga iperereza, aho umutangabuhamya Bakina Bernard, yavuze ko umukecuru Ntacyobazi Anastasie yahaye ikibanza Ngarambe Jean n’umugore we Mukagahima Généreuse kandi ko icyo gihe babanaga nk’umugabo n’umugore. Twiringiyimana Célestin, avuga ko kugira ngo ikibanza cyandikwe kuri Mukagahima Généreuse, Ngarambe Jean yamuzanye, agasaba ko ikibanza cyandikwa ku mugore we ; Izere Valentine uvuga ko yari Umuyobozi w’Umudugudu kuva mu 2010, n’ubwo avuga ko atazi inkomoko y’umutungo, yavuze ko icyo azi ari uko Mukagahima Généreuse yazanye icyemezo cy’umutungo kigaragaza ko ariwe wanditseho, akaba aricyo bashingiraho bamuha “acte de notoriété”. [38] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Ngarambe Jean yarahaye Mukagahima Généreuse impano akanasaba Inzego z’Ibanze kuyimwandikaho wenyine, uko kuyimwandikaho ubwabyo byari bihagije kandi bikaba bitanyuranyije n’ingingo ya 27 y’Itegeko N° 22/99 ryo ku wa 12/11/1999 ryerekeye imicungire y'umutungo w'abashyingiranywe, impano n'izungura ryavuzwe haruguru ryariho icyo gihe, kuko iyo ngingo iteganya ko impano ishobora gushyikirizwa gusa nyirayo, byumvikana rero ko mu gihe Ngarambe Jean yari ashyikirije umugore we Mukagahima Généreuse impano ye abinyujije ku nzego z’ibanze kugira ngo ayandikweho, bitari ngombwa ko iyo mpano ikorerwa inyandiko mpamo cyangwa inyandiko bwite, bitandukanye n’ibyo Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje, bivuze ko ibivugwa n’uhagarariye Ngarambe Jean ko Mukagahima Généreuse yahengereye afunzwe akiyandikishaho ikibanza n’inzu bye, atari byo. [39] Urukiko rurasanga hakurikijwe ingingo ya 10 y’Itegeko No43/2013 ryo ku wa 16/06/2013 rigenga ubutaka mu Rwanda, ubutaka buburanwa Mukagahima Généreuse yarabuhaweho impano, bityo akaba ari nta mpamvu ibyangombwa byo mu Buyobozi bw’Ibanze byamuhaga uburenganzira bwo kwandikwaho uwo mutungo byateshwa agaciro kuko yabibonye mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. [40] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga umutungo uburanwa wari uwa Mukagahima Généreuse, ukaba ugomba guhabwa abafite uburenganzira bwo kumuzungura kuko atakiriho. [41] Urukiko rurasanga rero, iby’uko Ntacyobazi Anastasie yahaye Ngarambe Jean wenyine umutungo uburanwa ntacyo byahindura kuko byagaragaye ko uwo mutungo yaweguriye Mukagahima Généreuse awumuhayeho impano. 3. Kumenya niba abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse bahabwa indishyi basaba

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[42] Mu myanzuro Me Mugabonabandi Jean Maurice, uhagarariye abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse, yashyikirije Urukiko, yavuze ko Urukiko rwageneye Ngarambe Jean indishyi zingana na 1.225.000 Frw zidafite aho zishingiye kuko atari we wagombaga gutsinda, ahubwo Ngarambe Jean akaba ariwe wagombye guha Mukagahima Généreuse indishyi kuko ariwe umushora mu manza, asaba Urukiko rw’Ikirenga gukosora amakosa yakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, rukavanaho indishyi zatanzwe, ahubwo abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse bakagenerwa indishyi yari yasabye mu nkiko zabanje, igihembo cya Avoka mu nzego zose yanyuzemo n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza, indishyi zose basaba zikaba zihwanye na 5.000.000 Frw. [43] Mu myanzuro Me Kizito Safari, uhagarariye Ngarambe Jean, nawe mu mwanzuro yashyikirije Urukiko, yavuze ko indishyi Ngarambe Jean yagenewe n’Urukiko Rukuru yari azikwiye kuko yavukijwe uburenganzira ku mutungo, bigatuma yitabaza ubutabera ngo arenganurwe, atanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi avuga ko indishyi zo kuvutswa uburenganzira ku nzu zingana na 100.000 Frw ari nkeya ugereranije n’akababaro ka Ngarambe Jean, asaba Urukiko rw’Ikirenga kumuha indishyi zose yasabye zingana na 3.000.000 Frw, indishyi mbonezamusaruro zingana na 200.000 Frw ku kwezi, uhereye mu mwaka wa 2010, amafaranga yo gukurikirana urubanza angana na 500.000 Frw n’igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 1.500.000 Frw yo kuri uru rwego, akiyongera ku yagenwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [44] Ingingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’Urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, iteganya ko Igikorwa cyose cy’umuntu cyangirije undi, gitegeka nyir’ugukora ikosa ‟ rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse”. [45] Urukiko rurasanga kuba byagaragajwe ko umutungo uburanwa wari uwa Mukagahima Généreuse, byumvikana ko Ngarambe Jean nta burenganzira yavukijwe ku mutungo, bityo n’indishyi yagenewe n’Urukiko Rukuru zikaba zigomba kuvaho, ahubwo abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse bakaba aribo bagomba guhawa indishyi, bagahabwa 300.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego kuko ariyo ari mu kigero gikwiye, naho indishyi z’akababaro bakaba batazihabwa kuko batazisobanuye. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [46] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mukagahima Généreuse bukaburanwa n’abana be Mugabo Aimé Fernand, Umulisa Murielle, Ngarambe Bruce Kevin na Ngarambe Chris, bufite ishingiro; [47] Rwemeje ko urubanza RCA0174/15/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, ku wa 23/10/2015 ruhindutse kuri byose; [48] Rwemeje ko umutungo uburanwa wari uwa Mukagahima Généreuse, ugomba guhabwa abana be Mugabo Aimé Fernand, Umulisa Murielle, Ngarambe Bruce Kevin na Ngarambe Chris, bafite uburenganzira bwo kumuzungura;

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[49] Rutegetse Ngarambe Jean guha abazungura ba Mukagahima Généreuse, indishyi zose hamwe zingana na 800.000 Frw nk’uko zasobanuwe haruguru; [50] Rutegetse Ngarambe Jean kwishyura amagarama y’urubanza, angana na 100.000 Frw.