UBUSHINJACYAHA v. AHISHAKIYE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. AHISHAKIYE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-22 - Case/document no.: RPAA00059/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. AHISHAKIYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA00059/2023/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 22 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Igabanyagihano – Mu guhuza igihano n’uburemere bw’icyaha, ntakibuza umucamanza wo ku rwego rw’ubujurire kugabanyiriza igihano uwajuriye, mu gihe cyose asanga icyo yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere kiremereye ugereranyije n’imikorere y’icyaha. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ahishakiye yafashwe agurisha ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, aho yafatanywe udupfunyika 111, maze Ubushinjacyaha bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, bumusabira ko yahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 20.001.000. Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Musanze asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano, ngo kuko ibyo yahanishijwe mu rubanza ajuririra ari birebire, nyamara yaraburanye yemera icyaha, anagisabira imbabazi. Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwasubije ubwo bujurire buvuga ko yagabanyirijwe ibihano ku buryo buhagije, busaba ko ibyo yahanishijwe bigumaho. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko Uregwa agumishwa ku gihano yahawe, kuko aricyo gihano gito giteganyirizwa icyo cyaha yakoze cyo kubika no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge. Uregwa yongeye ajuririra uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko agamije gutakambira urukiko arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano, n’Ubushinjacyaha busubiza ubujurire bwe bumusabira kugabanyirizwa igihano agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000Frw hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (a) na (d) y’itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu guhuza igihano n’uburemere bw’icyaha, ntakibuza umucamanza wo ku rwego rw’ubujurire kugabanyiriza igihano uwajuriye, mu gihe cyose asanga icyo yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere kiremereye ugereranyije n’imikorere y’icyaha. Imikirize y’urubanza ihindutse kuri bimwe. Uregwa asonewe amagarama y’urubanza. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 2. Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 rihindura itegeko N° 68/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingigo ya 11. Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 49. Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA00406/2020/CA, Ubushinjacyaha na Nahayo Ignace, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/10/2021. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

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[1] Kuwa 6/12/2019 saa sita z’amanywa, mu Mudugudu wa Nyamure, Akagari ka Nyacyinya, Umurenge wa Gashenyi mu Karere ka Gakenke, Ahishakiye Théoneste yafashwe agurisha udupfunyika 111 tw’urumogi1, iperereza rirangiye, Ubushinjacyaha bwamuregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, busaba ko yahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Ahishakiye yaburanye yemera icyaha aregwa, agisabira imbabazi no kugabanyirizwa ibihano. [2] Mu rubanza RP00815/2019/TGI/MUS rwaciwe kuwa 25/6/2020, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, rushingiye ku mvugo ya Ahishakiye Théoneste wemera icyaha, rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja no ku nyandiko-mvugo y'ifatira yashyizeho umukono yemeza ko urumogi (udupfunyika 111) rufatiriwe ari urwe, rwemeje ko Ahishakiye Théoneste ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu y’amafaranga 20.001.000. [3] Ahishakiye Théoneste yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze atakambira Urukiko arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano kuko yahawe ibihano birebire kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, anagisabira imbabazi. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko Ahishakiye Théoneste yagabanyirijwe bihagije, busaba ko agumishwa ku bihano yahawe. [4] Mu rubanza RPA00440/2020/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 15/12/2021, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwemeje ko Ahishakiye Théoneste agumishwa ku gifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu ya 20.001.000 kuko aricyo gihano gito giteganyirizwa icyaha cyo kubika no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge kimuhama. [5] Ahishakiye Théoneste yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuri RPAA00059/2023/CA ruburanishwa mu ruhame kuwa 8/5/2025 yunganiwe na Me Shema Gerald naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Bunyoye Grâce, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [6] Ahishakiye Théoneste yajuririye Urukiko rw’ubujurire avuga ko agamije gutakambira urukiko arusaba kumugabanyiriza ibihano. Me Shema Gerald umwunganira, asaba ko yahabwa ibihano bito biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 (a) na (d) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, kubera ko yaburanye yemera icyaha kuva agifatwa. [7] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije busaba ko kuri uru rwego Ahishakiye yahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 frw hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 (a) na (d) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 ryavuzwe haruguru. [8] Urukiko rurasuzuma ubusabe bwa Ahishakiye Théoneste bwo kugabanyirizwa ibihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’ IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Ahishakiye Théoneste yarahanishijwe ibihano biremereye ku buryo yabigabanyirizwa [9] Ahishakiye Théoneste yajuririye Urukiko rw’ubujurire asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yahanishijwe ibihano biremereye kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha kuva yafatwa, ko kandi ari ubwa mbere akurikiranywe n’inkiko kandi akaba yararangije kugororoka bihagije ku buryo atazasubira kwishora mu byaha ukundi.

1Abashinzwe umutekano bihinduye abaguzi b’urumogi basaba Ahishakiye kubazanira urumogi, bumvikana igiciro (25.000Frw), afatwa arubazaniye.

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[10] Me Shema Gerald asaba ko Ahishakiye yunganira yagabanyirizwa ibihano hakurikijwe ingingo ya 2 (a) na (d) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ko yahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5.000.000Frw kuko aricyo gihano gito gishoboka nubwo nacyo kiremerereye uwo yunganira. [11] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko, nubwo nta kosa ryari ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu guhanisha Ahishakiye ibihano bito byashobokaga igihe yacirwaga urubanza, ko nyamara mu gihe urubanza rwe rwari mu bujurire, Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 ryahinduye rihindura itegeko No 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ku buryo bworohereza ushinjwa mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ariyo mpamvu Ahishakiye yahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000Frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [12] Icyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, Ahishakiye Théoneste yahamijwe, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo kuwa 08/11/2019 rihindura itegeko N° 68/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko umuntu uhamwe n’icyaha cyo kubika cyangwa gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye, ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu itari munsi y’amafaranga 20.000.000 ariko itarenze amafaranga 30.000.000. [13] Ingingo ya 2 (a) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: …(a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; naho mu gace ka (d) ikavuga ko ihazabu ishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri ¼ cy’igihano cy’ihazabu ntoya yateganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe. [14] Mu rubanza RPA00440/2020/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 15/12/2021, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwasanze Ahishakiye Théoneste yaragabanyirijwe ahabwa igihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha yo kwemera no gusabira imbabazi icyaha yahamijwe, bituma rumuhamisha ku gifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu ya 20.001.000 yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye. [15] Urukiko rurasanga urubanza RPAA00406/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/10/2021, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nahayo Ignace, rwaratanze umurongo ko ntakibuza umucamanza wo ku rwego rw’ubujurire kugabanyiriza igihano uwajuriye, mu gihe cyose asanga icyo yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere kiremereye ugereranyije n’imikorere y’icyaha; ibi bikaba ari mu rwego rwo guhuza igihano n’uburemere bw’icyaha (Principe de la proportionnalité de la peine à l’infraction), ibi kandi bikaba bihuza n’ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 49 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryavuguruwe kugeza ubu. [16] Urukiko rurasanga, ababuranyi bombi babihurizaho ko igifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu ya 20.001.0000Frw ari ibihano biremereye Ahishakiye yahanishijwe ugereranyije n’ingano iciriritse y’urumogi yafashwe acuruza (udupfunyika 111) no kuba yaraburanye yemera icyaha kuva agifatwa, ndetse bikaba ari n’ubwa mbere ahamijwe icyaha ku buryo buzwi. [17] Urukiko, rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zivuzwe haruguru no ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, mu gace kayo ka (a) na (d), rusanga Ahishakiye Théoneste akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15ans) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) kubera icyaha cyo kubika no kugurisha ibiyobyabwenge kimuhama kandi nawe yemera. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

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[18] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA00440/2020/HC/MUS rwaciwe kuwa 15/12/2021 ihindutse ku bijyanye n’ibihano gusa. [19] Rwemeje ko Ahishakiye Théoneste ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15 ans) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000Frw) ku cyaha cyo kubika no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi yahamijwe. [20] Rutegetse ko Ahishakiye Théoneste asonerwa amagarama y'urubanza kuko yaburanye afunzwe.