Re BAKOMEZA NA UWIRAGIYE

Re BAKOMEZA NA UWIRAGIYE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-01-13 - Case/document no.: RADA 00004/2022/HC/RWG - Collection: High Court

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Re BAKOMEZA N’UWIRAGIYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU, URUGEREKO RWA RWAMAGANA – RADA 00004/2022/HC/RWG – (Mugeyo, J. P.) 13 Mutarama 2023] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubutegetsi – Gutakamba – Gusaba gukuraho icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi – Ikirego gitangwa mu buryo bw'inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe – Ni ikirego gitangwa mu gihe icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyaba kivutsa uburenganzira umuntu akaba yifuza ko gikurwaho akabusubizwa ndetse hakaba hari ubwihutirwe kandi nta mpaka zigaragara muri urwo rubanza. Incamake y’ikibazo: Bakomeza n’Uwiragiye batanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe basaba gusubizwa uburenganzira bambuwe ku butaka bwabo. Bavuga ko Umuyobozi w’Ikigo gishinzwe Imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda ukorera mu karere ka Kayonza, yabambuye icyangombwa cy’ubwo butaka batunze kuva muri 2008, avuga ko bwagaragayemo igisigara cya Leta bigaruriye nyuma y’uko Komisiyo irangije igikorwa cyo gusaranganya inzuri. Urukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cyabo kitakiriwe maze bajuririra Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana bavuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza ruvuga ko ikirego kitakiriwe kandi barambuwe ubutaka bwabo n’Akarere ka Kayonza bakaba basaba kubusubizwa ngo nubwo badashaka kukarega. Ikirego cyabo nticyakiriwe kuko kitatumiwemo uregwa, bakaba basanga umucamanza yarumvise

ibintu uko bitari. Bakomeza bavuga ko responsabilité atari iy’Akarere ka Kayonza nk’uko umucamanza yabivuze ahubwo ni iy’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ikirego gitangwa mu buryo bw'inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe ni ikirego gitangwa mu gihe icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyaba kivutsa uburenganzira umuntu akaba yifuza ko gikurwaho akabusubizwa ndetse hakaba hari ubwihutirwe kandi nta mpaka zigaragara muri urwo rubanza. Bityo, ikirego cya Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence ntikigomba kwakirwa kuko bagombye kurega Ikigo gishinzwe Imicungire n'Imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu Rwanda (RLMUA) mu buryo busanzwe mu manza z’ubutegetsi kuko ikibazo ku butaka bwabo kigaragaramo impaka. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma ntiruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo ku wa 04/06/2003 ryavuguruwe muri 2015, ingingo ya 29.

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Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 13, 178 n’iya 189. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku itariki ya 17/07/2019, umuyobozi w’Ikigo gishinzwe Imicingire n’Imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda ukorera mu karere ka Kayonza yatumije mu nama Bakomeza Joseph na bagenzi be, bitabye bitwaje ibyangombwa by’ubutaka, ububaruye kuri Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence bufite UPI: 5/04/07/01/2178, uwo mubuyobozi arakibaka ababwira ko, ubwo butaka bwagaragayemo igisigara cya Leta bigaruriye nyuma y’uko Komisiyo irangije igikorwa cyo gusaranganya inzuri, ho ikaba itarahasaranganyije, nyamara ngo ubwo butaka babutunze mu gihe cy’ imyaka 11 mbere y'uko ibarura ry'ubutaka ritangira kandi barabuhawe n'uwari Konseye wabo muri 2008. Batanze ikirego mu buryo bw’ inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe basaba gusubizwa uburenganzira bambuwe ku butaka bwabo. [2] Mu rubanza RAD 00010/2021/TGI/NGOMA, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje kutakira ikirego cya Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence kuko kitatumiwemo Akarere; rutegeka ko amafaranga y`igarama yatanzwe ahwanye n`ibyakozwe mu rubanza. Bakomeza na Uwiragiye barajuriye. [3] Mu ngingo z’ubujurire za Bakomeza na Uwiragiye baburanirwa na Me Ntagungira Theogene bavuze ko, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rutakiriye ikirego

cyabo batanze mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi kandi barambuwe uburenganzira ku butaka bwabo n’icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyo kuwa 11/07/2019, kandi imihango isabwa barayubahirije. Basabye uru Rukiko guhindura icyo cyemezo Akarere kagategekwa kubasubiza ubutaka bwabo. [4] Ikigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ukumeneya niba ikirego cya Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence cyaragombaga kwakirwa n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye, bagasubizwa uburenganzira ku butaka bambuwe. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Ku byerekeye ukumenya niba ikirego cya Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence cyaragombaga kwakirwa n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye, bagasubizwa uburenganzira ku butaka bambuwe

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[5] Mu bisobanuro ku bujurire bwa Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence Me Ntagungira Theogene yavuze ko, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rutakiriye ikirego cyabo batanze mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi kandi barambuwe uburenganzira ku butaka bwabo n’icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyo kuwa 11/07/2019 kandi imihango iteganywa n’ ingingo ya 178 y`Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ari nayo ikirego gishingiyeho yubahirijwe. [6] Me Ntagungira Theogene yasobanuye na none ko, Urukiko rwaciye urubanza ruvuga ko ikirego kitakiriwe ngo kubera ko abarega bavuga ko, bambuwe ubutaka n’Akarere ka Kayonza bakaba basaba kubusubizwa ngo nyamara bakaba badashaka kukarega, ko ikirego kitakiriwe kuko kitatumiwemo uregwa bakaba basanga umucamanza yarumvise ibintu uko bitari, kuko bavuze ko, Abarega bahohotewe n’icyemezo cy’ubuyobozi cyo kuwa 11/07/2019, iyo baruwa ni iy’ikigo gishinzwe imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda yasinywe n’umubitsi w’impapurompamo z’ubutaka witwa Muvara Potin ndetse byaranagaragaraga ko, no mu gutakamba hatakambiwe Umubitsi Mukuru w’impapurompamo z’ubutaka mu kigo gishinzwe imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda (siege), ntabwo rero responsabilité ari iy’Akarere ka Kayonza nk’uko umucamanza yabivuze ahubwo ni iy’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe imicungire n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka mu Rwanda.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA Ku byerekeye kumenya niba ikirego cya Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence cyaragombaga kwakirwa n’ Urukiko Rwisumbuye, bagasubizwa uburenganzira ku butaka bambuwe [7] Ingingo ya 178, igika cya 1, y'Itegeko No. 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko Ikirego gisaba gukuraho icyemezo cy’umuyobozi cyakirwa iyo cyerekeye icyemezo cy’umuyobozi cyaba cyeruye cyangwa kiteruye (…). Igika cya 5 cy’iyo ngingo iteganya ko, (…). Icyo kirego gitangwa mu gihe kitarenze ukwezi kumwe (1) mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe. Naho ingingo ya 189 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko, inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe ni uburyo budasanzwe bwo kuregera umucamanza umusaba kugira ibyo aramira mu buryo bwihuse. Ibikubiye muri iyo nyandiko bigomba kandi kuba ari ibibazo bigaragara ko nta mpaka biteye ku buryo byaba ngombwa ko undi muburanyi ahamagarwa. [8] Iyo ngingo yumvikanisha ikirego gisaba gukuraho icyemezo cy’ubutegetsi icyo ari cyo n’uburyo gitangwa, ko ari icyemezo cy’ umuyobozi cyaba kivutsa uburenganzira umuntu akaba yifuza ko gikurwaho akabusubizwa, kigatangwa mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi, bivuze ko, haba hari ubwihutirwe kandi nta mpaka zigaragara muri urwo rubanza. [9] Muri rubanza RAD 00010/2021/TGI/NGOMA, Urukiko mu busobanurompamvu ku cyemezo cyafashwe havuzwe ko, (…), rusanga nyamara mu kurega, Bakomeza Joseph na

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Uwiragiye Florence bahagarariwe na Me Ntagungira Theogene aho kurega akarere ka Kayonza bavuga ko kabambuye kugira ngo nibanatsinda kazategekwe kubasubiza uburenganzira bwabo, aba bo barahisemo gutanga ikirego kigamije guhabwa umutungo aka karere nako kita uwako bataburanye nako. [10] Uru rukiko rurasanga muri urwo rubanza rumaze kuvugwa havuzwe ko abarega bagombye kurega Akarere ka Kayonza kandi ataribyo kuko nta cyemezo kigeze gafata cyagaragajwe n’abaregwa, ibi bikaba ari nabyo bavuga (abarega), uwagombye kurega akaba ari Ikigo gishinzwe Imicungire n'Imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu Rwanda (RLMUA) mu izina ry’Umuyobozi wacyo kandi kikaregwa mu buryo bw’ ibirego bisanzwe by’ ubutegetsi kuko nk’uko bimaze kuvugwa iyi nzira y’ikirego gitanzwe mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe iteganyijwe mu gihe hari ubwihutirwe kandi nta mpaka zigaragara(contestation) muri urwo rubanza. [11] Kuba Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence bavuga ko, uhagarariye Ikigo gishinzwe Imicungire n'Imikoreshereze y'ubutaka mu Rwanda (RLMUA) ku rwego rw’akarere yabambuye icyangombwa cy’ubutaka bwabo bufite UPI: 5/04/07/01/2178, ababwira ko, ubwo butaka bwagaragayemo igisigara cya Leta bigaruriye nyuma y’uko Komisiyo irangije igikorwa cyo gusaranganya inzuri, ho ikaba itarahasaranganyije, byumvikane ko, hari impaka kuri ubwo butaka, bivuze rero ko, bagombye kurega icyo kigo mu buryo

busanzwe mu manza z’ubutegetsi kugira ngo hatangwe ubutabera buboneye nk’uko amategeko abiteganya.1 Bityo, ikirego cya Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence batanze kikaba kitagombaga kwakirwa nk’uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwabyemeje. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [12] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire bwa Bakomeza Joseph na Uwiragiye Florence nyamara bukaba nta shingiro bufite. [13] Rwemeje ko, urubanza RAD 00010/2021/TGI/NGOMA rwaciwe n’ Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Ngoma ku wa 11/01/2022 rudahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. [14] Rwemeje ko, ikirego RAD 00010/2021/TGI/NGOMA kitakiriwe. [15] Rutegetse ko, amafaranga yatanzweho ingwate y’amagarama ahwanye n’ ibyakozwe mu rubanza. 1 Ingingo ya 29 y`Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo ku wa 04/06/2003 ryavuguruwe muri 2015 iteganya ko ubutabera buboneye ari ubuha buri ruhande ruri mu rubanza umwanya n`uburyo bukwiye bwo kwiregura. Naho ingingo ya 13 y`Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nayo igateganya ko umuburanyi ntashobora gucirwa urubanza atumviswe cyangwa atahamagawe