Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd v KARANGWA

# Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd v KARANGWA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2016-10-14 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00383/2016/CHC/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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BANK OF AFRICA RWANDA LTD v. KARANGWA [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI – RCOMA 00383/2016/CHC/HCC (MUTAJIRI, P.J.) 14 Ukwakira2016] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Gukura amafaranga kuri konti mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko – Banki ntishobora gukura amafaranga y’umukiriya kuri konti ye igihe atayifitiye umwenda cyangwa ngo ayibyemerere – Itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano, ingingo ya 503. Indishyi – Kuzanwa mu manza n’igihembo cy’Avoka – Igihembo cy’Avoka gifite ishingiro kuko Banki yamukuriye amafaranga kuri konti binyuranyije n’amategeko ikanga kuyamusubiza bigatuma aregera urukiko akiyambaza Avoka. – Itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano, ingingo ya 258. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rukomooka ku masezerano y’inguzanyo yabaye hagati ya Karangwa Albert na Bank of Africa yahoze yitwa Agaseke. Mu kwishyura iyi nguzanyo, Karangwa Albert yaje kwishyura inshuro ebyiri z’inyungu z’umwenda mu kwezi kumwe bibonywe n’umukozi wa Bank. Aho kubikosora ngo asubizwe amafaranga yamugombwaga, umukozi wa Bank nawe yaribeshye amuha ayo yagombaga kubona ndetse anongeraho ayo Albert Karangwa yari yishyuye ku mwenda remezo. Aho Bank iboneye iri kosa yihutiye kubibwira uyu mukiriya wayo, ihita iyisubiza mu rwego rwo gukosora iryo kosa. Karanga Albert ntibyamushimishije bituma hanabaho imishyikirano ariko itaragize icyo igeraho. Haniyambajwe Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu Albert Karangwa yumvishwa ko ari ikosa ryabayeho Banki ikarikosora ariko nabwo nabwo ubwo bwunzi bufata ubusa. Karangwa Albert yaregeye Urukiko vrw’Ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge nuko narwo rutegeka Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd kwishyura Karangwa Albert amafaranga ye n’indishyi bihwanye na 1,234,868.23. Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd ntiyishimiye iki cyemezo ikijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi isaba ko hasuzumwa impamvu n’ibimenyetso yatanze mu rukiko rubanza bigaragaza uburyo 512,302 Frw yavanywe kuri konti ya Karangwa Albert. Kuri ubu bujurire, Karangwa Albert yasubije ko yareze asaba gusubizwa amafaramga yakuwe kuri konti ye mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Yanasabaga kandi indishyi zinyuranye n’inyungu z’ayo mafaranga uhereye igihe yavaniwe kuri konti ye. Mu bimenyetso we atanga avuga ko nta mwenda yari agifitiye iriya Banki kuko ngo yari yaragiranye amasezerano na COGEBANQUE yo kuwumugurira bikanemezwa kandi n’uko Bank of Africa Rwanda yamuhaye icyemezo cy’uko nta mwenda ayifitiye. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kuba Banki yiyemerera ko ari yo yakoze amakosa muri operation zayo kandi ayo makossa akaba atagomba kugira ingaruka kuri KARANGWA Albert, kuba kandi aya mafaranga yarakuweho kuri konti y’ mukiriya mu gihe nta mwenda yari ayifitiye kuko yamukuyeho ayo mafaranga nyuma y’imyaka 2 umwenda yari ayifitiwe wishyuwe nk’uko bigaragzwa na attestation de non créance iyo Banki yamuhaye, kuba Banki yaragombaga kuba yarabonye iryo kosa muri raporo zayo zaba izaburi munsi cyangwa se iz’umwaka ibona ko hari ikibura cyangwa ikirenga, kuba Banki idashobora gutsindisha umukiriya wayo historique yikoreye ubwayo (document interne) no kuba Banki yari ifite inshingano zo kumubikira amafaranga ikayamuha ari uko ayiyasabye bigaragaza ko yakuye

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kuri konti ya Karangwa Albert amafaranga mu buryo bunyuranye n’amategeko bityo ikaba igomba kuyamusubiza. 2. Igihembo cy’Avoka gisabwa gifite ishingiro kuko Banki yakuye amafaranga kurikonti ya Karangwa ikananga kuyamusubiza bigatuma agana inkiko; bityo igomba kumusubiza amafaranga yishyuye Avoka. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Nta gihindutse ku rubanza rwajuririwe uretse igihembo cy’Avoka Amagarama aherereye ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweho Itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano, ingingo ya 258 na 503. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Me KAYIRANGA Cyrille uburanira BANK OF AFRICA Rwanda Ltd yitwaga AGASEKE BANK Ltd, avuga ko kuwa 05/09/2012 yahaye KARANGWA Albert inguzanyo y’amafaranga 35,000,000, bumvikana ko azajya yishyura amafaranga 1,270,006 buri kwezi n’inyungu ibariwemo mu gihe kingana n’imyaka itatu. [2] Nk’uko bari barabisezeranye, KARANGWA Albert akaba ngo yarishyuye neza kugeza mu kwezi kwa gatatu, ikibazo cyiza kuvuka kuwa 5/4/2013, ubwo KARANGWA Albert yishyuraga amafaranga 1,102,983, aya mafaranga akaba ngo yari agabanyijwe mu buryo bukurikira: 470,928.71 Frw (inyungu ku mwenda remezo yari asigaje kwishyura), naho 632,054.3 Frw ari amafaranga y’umwenda remezo. [3] Ku itariki ya 02/05/2013, KARANGWA Albert yongeye kwishyura amafaranga angana na 1,280,078 nayo akaba yari agabanyijemo ibice bibiri bikurikira: 470,928.71 Frw (amafaranga y’inyungu) na 798,518 Frw (amafaranga yishyura umwenda remezo). [4] Nk’uko bigaragara, aya mafaranga akaba ngo yaraje kugabanya umwenda KARANGWA Albert yari abereyemo Banki, ariko haje kugagaragaramo ikosa aho umukozi wa Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd yabonye ko KARANGWA Albert yishyuye inyungu ku mwenda yahawe inshuro ebyiri mu kwezi kumwe. [5] Umukozi wa banki aho kubikosora ngo asubize KARANGWA Albert inyungu zingana n’amafaranga 470,928, ahubwo kuwa 20/05/2013, Banki yamusubije inyungu zingana n’amafaranga 470,928 hamwe nayo yishyuye ku mwenda remezo angana n’amafaranga 632,054, yose hamwe aba amafaranga angana na 1,102,983 Frw. [6] Kubera uko kwibeshya kwari kumaze kugaragara biturutse ko KARANGWA Albert yari yahawe amafaranga menshi atagombaga guhabwa, Banki yihutiye kubimumenyesha irayisubiza mu rwego rwo gukosora amakosa.

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[7] KARANGWA Albert amaze kubibona ntabwo byamunyuze ndetse habaho imishyikirano yo kumvikana, banki igerageza kubimwumvisha ariko biranga yitabaza Banki Nkuru y’igihugu, ikibazo cye cyumvwa n’umukozi wa BNR, uyu mukozi wa BNR nawe yumvisha KARANGWA Albert ko ari ikosa ryabayeho ariko Banki igahita irikosora ko ayo mafaranga avuga atari aye ku buryo yayaburana ngo ayahabwe. [8] Uyu mukozi wa BNR akaba ngo yaranasaba KARANGWA Albert kwishyura Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd ikinyuranyo cyari gisigaye yari abereyemo Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd kingana n’amafaranga 119,752 Frw= (632,054 Frw-512,302 Frw). [9] KARANGWA Albert akaba atariyishimiye ubwo bwunzi bityo aregera urukiko rw’ubucuruzi rwa Nyarugenge, maze Urukiko kuwa 10/06/2016 rutegeka Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd kwishyura KARANGWA Albert amafaranga ye n’indishyi bihwanye na 1,234,868.23. [10] Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd ikaba itarishimiye imikirize y’urubanza ijurira isaba ko hasuzumwa impamvu n’ibimenyetso yatanze mu rukiko rubanza bigaragaza uburyo 512,302 Frw yavanywe kuri konti ya KARANGWA Albert. [11] Kuri iyi mpamvu asobanura ko urukiko rwirengagije ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe bigaragaraza impamvu zashingiweho mu gukura ariya mafaranga kuri konti ya KARANGWA Albert. Ikomeza isobanura ko muri operations zikorwa na Banki hari igihe habaho kwibeshya bigatuma imashini zifata amafaranga menshi cyangwa macye kuri konti y’umukiliya. [12] Uko kwirengagiza ibimenyetso bikaba ngo bigaragararira mu gika cya 4 cya matolewa y’urubanza, Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd yasabye ko KARANGWA Albert yagaragariza urukiko inkomoko y’amafaranga 1,102,983.01, ariko uretse kubivuga gusa ntabwo byigeze bisubizwa bityo ngo imvano y’ayo mafaranga igaragare. [13] Na none urukiko rukaba ngo rutarigeze rusuzuma ibimenyetso bijyanye na “Etat de compte” hamwe na “Cedule de remboursement » byatanzwe na Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd. Kuko ibi bimenyetso byerekana ko nta rujijo uko ibintu byagenze, ko ndetse nta burenganzira bwa KARANGWA Albert bwahungabanye nk’uko we abivuga. [14] Mu gusoza avuga ko kubera uburyo KARANGWA Albert yakomeje gukurura mu manza z’amaherere Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd, iyi Banki isaba indishyi z’akababaro za 1,000,000 Frw, n’amafaranga y’igihembo cya avoka ku rwego rw’ubujuirire angana na 1,000,000 Frw. [15] Mu kugira icyo avuga ku bujurire KARANGWA Albert avuga ko uru rubanza rukomoka ku kirego KARANGWA Albert yatanze asaba ko Bank of Africa Ltd ihatirwa kumwishyura amafaranga 512,302 yafashwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko avanywe kurikonti ye, inyungu za 10% buri kwezi uhereye igihe yafatiriwe, indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 5,000,000Frw, indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka zingana na 1,500,000 Frw. [16] Arega Bank of Africa Ltd ashingiye ko AGASEKE BANK LTD kahinduye izina kuwa 06/04/2016 kitwa Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd, kuwa 12/08/2012 akaba yaragiranye amasezerano y’inguzanyo ingana na 35,000,000Fr na KARANGWA Albert ikaba yaragombaga kwishyurwa mu myaka itatu.

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[17] Kuwa 18/08/2014 KARANGWA ashaka gukorana na COGEBANQUE LTD ku bijyanye no kumugurira umwenda yari afitiye Bank of Africa RWANDA Ltd. Kuwa 12/11/2013, Bank of Africa Ltd igaragarariza KARANGWA ko ayifitiye umwenda ungana n’amafaranga 23,734,705.51 ko ariyo COGEBANQUE igomba kumwishyurira mu rwego rwo kumugurira umwenda we wose. [18] Kuri historique ya konti ya KARANGWA yahawe na Bank of Africa RWANDA Ltd yo kuwa 20/05/2013 kugera ku wa 17/11/2015, bigaragara ko nubwo yagurishije umwenda bakawumwishyurira, yakomeje gukorana na Bank of Africa RWANDA Ltd ariko akaba nta wundi mwenda yigeze ndetse akaba nta n’ikirarane yigeze kugira. [19] Kuwa 29/11/2013 COGEBANQUE yamuguriye uyu mwenda imwishyurira 23,734,704, asigara nta mwenda afitiye Bank of Africa RWANDA Ltd, kuri iyo tariki bamuha icyemezo ko nta mwenda abafitiye (Attestation de non créance) ndetse kuri konti ye hasigaraho amafaranga ku buryo yakomeje kuyikoresha nta kibazo. [20] Igitangaje akaba ngo ari uko kuwa 14/09/2015 kuri konti ya KARANGWA hariho amafaranga angana na 515,302.23 ariyo Bank of Africa RWANDA Ltd yamutwaye batabyumvikanyeho bakiha gufata amafaranga kuri konti ye angana na 512,302 bakayafatira mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko bayita correction du transaction yo kuwa 20/05/2013 batashoboye guha KARANGWA ibisobanuro bifatika by’iyi correction itagaragara kuwa 20/05/2015 hashize imyaka ibiri irenga nta mwenda aberereyemo ahubwo bamubikira nk’uko bisanzwe. [21] Kuwa 15/09/2015, KARANGWA yajyanye sheki ya 500,000Fr bamwangira kuyibikuza kuberako bari barihaye amafaranga ye angana na 515,302Fr, yabasabye kuyasubiza kuri konti ye mu bwumvikane baranga, abonye ko bakomeje kumwambura, akaba ariyo mpamvu yaregeye Urukiko kugira ngo arenganurwe. [22] Urukiko rwasanze koko KARANGWA Albert yararenganye rutegeka ko asubizwa ibyo yambuye ndetse n’indishyi zibikomokaho, Bank of Africa ntiyanyuzwe n’icyemezo cy’urukiko irajurira. [23] Akomeza avugako kuba KARANGWA yaragiranye amasezerano na Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd, akabishyura ndetse bakamuha icyemezo cy’uko nta mwenda abafitiye (attestation de non créance) ntabwo bari gusubira inyuma ngo bamutwarire amafaranga ye ari kuri konti kandi nta deni abafitiye bikaba binyuranyije n’ibiteganyijwe n’ingingo ya 64 y’itegeko rigenga amasezerano ndetse n’ingingo ya 508 n’iya 482 CCLIII y’iryo tegeko. [24] Kuba KARANGWA Albert yaragaragaje ko nta mwenda afitiye Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd nayo ikabyemera, ariko ikavuga ko nyuma y’imyaka ibiri ngo basanze barakoze amakosa, bituma bafata amafaranga ye yababikije ngo bari gukosora amakosa bakoze batabyumvikanye, bigeraho KARANGWA Albert yimwa amafaranga ye yababikije, akaba ngo arikigaragaza ko batubahirije amasezerano yo kumubikira no kumusubiza ibyo yababikije. [25] Ibimenyetso Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd itanga ivuga ko bakoze amakosa, ibyo ntibireba KARANGWA Albert kuko ntabizi ndetse nta n’ibyo yigeze ahabwa ubusobanuro busobanutse kuko ni ibyo bikoreye na cyane ko hose biyemerera ko bakoze amakosa nta n’igitangaje ko bakoze amakosa yo kwikorera historique idafututse ndetse ntibishobora

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gukuraho ko banze kumusubiza amafaranga yababikije ahubwo bakayiha bagambiriye kumwambura mu rwego rwo kutubahiriza amasezerano yo kumubikira. [26] Ntabwo Bank Of Africa Rwanda Ltd yigeze igaragaza ko yubahirije amasezerano yo kubikira KARANGWA Albert ahubwo bamubujije uburenganzira bwe kuko nta kimenyetso batanga kigaragaza ko bari bafite uburenganzira bwo gufatira amafaranga ari kurikonti ya KARANGWA bakayiha nyuma y’imyaka irenga ibiri yarabishyuye nta mwenda abafitiye bakireguza ko bakoze amakosa ngo bayamushyiriraho ntakibigaragaza uretse kuko kuyatwara bigaragaza ko nubundi ari amakosa bakoze kuko yari asanzwe akora mouvement abitsa anabikuza ntabwo nyuma y'imyaka ibiri aribwo yari gufatirwa ,mu gihe nabo biyemerera ko nta mwenda abafitiye ukibaza gufatira amafaranga ari kurikonti ye uwabibahereye uburenganzira, akaba ariyo mpamvu dusanga ingingo y’ubujurire nta gaciro yahabwa. [27] KARANGWA Albert avuga ko banki ikomeje kumushora mu manza ku maherere bigatuma afata avoka wo kumuburanira akaba ariyo mpamvu abisabira indishyi zingana na 1,500,000Frw hashingiwe ku nginyo ya 26 y’amabwiriza agena ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka mu Rwanda. [28] Muri uru rubanza ahakaba hagomba gusuzumwa niba hari amafaranga ya KARANGWA Albert banki yaba yarafatiriye binyuranye n’amategeko, gusuzuma niba indishyi zisabwa na banki zifite ishingiro no gusuzuma niba ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bufite ishingiro. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO A. Ku birebana no gusuzumwa niba hari amafaranga ya KARANGWA Albert banki yaba yarafatiriye binyuranye n’amategeko [29] Me KAYIRANGA Cyrille asobanura KARANGWA Albert yishyuye inshyuro ebyiri inyungu, ariko mu rwego rwo gukosora iryo kosa banki ikaba yaramusubije inyungu n’ayo yari yishyuye ku mwenda remezo. Ikosa rikaba ari uko banki yamuhaye rirebana n’amafaranga 632,054 y’umwenda remezo hakongerwaho inyungu z’amafaranga 470,928, bikaba amafaranga 1,102, 983. Mu guhuza imibare ku bijyanye nama konti ya KARANGWA Albert yariho amafaranga 515,302.23, hakozwe ikinyuranyo kugira hakurweho 632, 054 y’umwenda remezo hasigara amafaranga 119,752. [30] Me NDAYISABYE Alex asobanura ko mu rwego rw’amategeko banki ikura amafaranga ku mukiliya uyifitiye umwenda cyangwa uwo umikiliya yabihereye uburenganzira. Kuba banki yemera ko ari amakosa babonye nyuma y’imyaka ibiri irenga yarabishyuye nta mwenda ayifitiye, akaza kubimenya ari uko agiye kubikuza, arinabwo banki yatangiye kumubwira ko habayeho amakosa, ariko ikaba itarigeze ibimumenyesha. [31] Banki ni abatekinisiye bashobora guhindura ibintu uko babyishakiye, ibyo bakoze bikaba bitemewe. Iby’ubw’unzi bwa BNR bukaba butarabayeho kuko nta kimenyetso babigaragariza. [32] Me KAYIRANGA Cyrille avuga ko nta nyungu banki ifite yo kwiba umukiliya wayo bari basanzwe bakorana kuko hari ubuzirankana (bonne foi) ya banki. Akomeza avuga ko umukozi wa BNR wakoze ubwunzi akaba atarabonetse ngo atange umwanzuro kuko yari mu butumwa bw’akazi.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [33] Ingingo ya 503 y’itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryerekeye urwunge rw'amategeko y'imbonezamubano. Ibyerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano iteganya ko ‘’Uwabikijwe ibintu ntawundi agomba kubisubiza uretse uwabimubikije, cyangwa se uwo babikirije, cyangwa se undi ugomba kubyakira’’. [34] Urukiko rusanga ibivugwa na Me KAYIRANGA Cyrille ko banki nta makosa yakoze mu kwiha amafaranga 515,302.23 ya KARANGWA Albert ivuga ko byari mu rwego rwo gukosora amakosa banki yari yarakoze bitahabw aishingiro kuko, nk’uko banki ibyeyemerera nayo ko ariyo yakoze amakosa ikibeshya muri opération, amakosa yaba yarakoze akaba atagomba kugira ingaruka kuri KARANGWA Albert; [35] Byongeye kandi bikaba bigaragara ko mu gihe aya mafaranga yakurwaga kuri konti ya KARANGWA Albert nta mwenda yari afitiye banki kuko ayo mafaranga yakuweho kuwa 14/09/2015 kandi nyamara umwenda yararangije kuwishyura kuwa 29/11/2013 nk’uko bigaragazwa na attestation de non créance yahawe na banki, bigaragarara ko ayo mafaranga yatwawe nyuma y’imyaka ibiri arangije kwishyura umwenda, bikaba bitumvikana ukuntu banki yavuga ko nyuma y’iyo myaka aribwo yabonye ikosa ryakozwe kandi ubundi mu bisanzwe mbere yo kumuha attestation de non créance banki ibanza gusuzuma neza ko nta mwenda umukiriya akiyifitiye; [36] Na none, iri kosa rikaba ryaragombaga kugaragara umunsi ryabereyeho kuko buri munsi banki ikora raporo ya (rapport journalier) y’imirimo yakozwe ku munsi ndetse niyo itarikuribona uwo munsi yagombaga kuribona igihe cya cloture y’umwaka kuko yagombaga kubona ko hari déficite cyangwa excédant mu bucuruzi bwayo, ariyo mpamvu kuba KARANGWA Albert yarabikije amafaranga ye muri banki, ikaba yari ifite inshingano zo kuyamubikira ikayamuha ari uko ayasabye cyangwa ikayaha undi muntu abihereye uburenganzira nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 503 y’itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryavuzwe haruguru. [37] Urukiko rusanga banki itakwitwaza historique yikoreye ngo abe ariyo itangaho ikimeyetso kigaragaza ukuri kwayo mu kwiha ariya mafaranga kuko iyi hisorique ari inyandiko bwite yayo (document interne) itagomba gutsindisha umukiliya, ariyo mpamvu k’uko byemejwe n’urukiko rubanza, banki igomba gusubiza KARANGWA Albert amafaranga 515,302.23 yakuye kuri konti ye binyuranye n’amategeko. B. Ku birebana no gusuzuma indishyi zisabwa na Banki [38] Urukiko rusanga rutakwirirwa rusuzuma iyi ngingo kuko uzisaba urubanza rumutsinda. C. Ku birebana no gusuzuma ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi [39] Me NDAYISABYE Alex asobanura ko ashingiye ku ngingo ya 258 ya CCLIII ivuga ko igikorwa cyose cyangirije undi nyiri kugikora arabiryozwa, asaba ko kuba Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd mu izina ry’uyihagarariye ikomeje gushora mu manza KARANGWA Albert ku maherere bigatuma afata avoka wo kumuburanira akaba ariyo mpamvu abisabira indishyi zingana na 1,500,000Frw hashingiwe ku nginyo ya 26 y’amabwiriza agena ibihembo mbonera by’abavoka mu Rwanda. [40] Me KAYIRANGA Cyrille akaba ntacyo yavuze kuri iyi ngingo.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [41] Ingingo ya 258 y’itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryerekeye urwunge rw'amategeko y'imbonezamubano, igitabo cya gatatu ibyerekeye imirimo nshinganwa cyangwa amasezerano iteganya ko ‘’igikorwa cyose cy’umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka nyirugukora ikosa rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse.’’ [42] Urukiko rusanga indishyi z’igihembo cya avoka zisabwa zifite ishingiro kandi zikaba zigomba gutangwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 258 y’itegeko ryo kuwa 30 Nyakanga 1888 ryavuzwe haruguru kuko, kuba banki yarakuye amafaranga kuri konti ya KARANGWA Albert mu buryo bunyuranye n’amategeko ikanaga kuyamusubiza bigatuma agana inkiko, kuba kandi banki ikomeje kujurira imukurura mu manza ku maherere bigatuma ashaka umuburanira, akaba ariyo mpamvu amafaranga yatakaje mu kumuhemba, banki igomba yamuteye icyo gihombo, bityo Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd ikaba igomba kumwishyura indishyi z’igihembo cya avoka zingana n’amafaranga 500,000 ku rwego rw’ubujurire zigenwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko kuko ayasabwaga akabije kuba menshi. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [43] Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa Bank of Africa Rwanda Ltd kuko bwaje mu nzira zikurikije amategek ariko rubusuzumye rusanga nta shingiro bufite. [44] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku mukirize y’urubanza RCOM 00384/2016/TC/NYGE usibye amafaranga 500,000 y’igihembo cya avoka yiyongereye mu rwego rw’ubujurire. [45] Rutegetse ko amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta.