BANK OF KIGALI PLC v. GATE HILLS ESTATE LTD N’ UNDI

# BANK OF KIGALI PLC v. GATE HILLS ESTATE LTD N’ UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-01-20 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00087/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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BANK OF KIGALI PLC v. GATE HILLS ESTATE LTD N’ UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00087/2022/CA (Kamere, P.J.,) 20 Mutarama 2023] Amategeko agenga ububasha bw’ inkiko – Impamvu zimwe – Impamvu zimwe zisuzumirwa mu mbago z’ibyajuririwe hashingiwe ku ihame risanzwe mu micire y’imanza rivuga ko umucamanza wo mu rwego rwa mbere yita ku igenzura ry’ibimenyetso n’amategeko ugereranyije n’ikiburanwa Ingwate – Ingwate zatanzwe zikahabwa banki, zikandikishwa ariko inguzanyo zari zatangiwe ntitangwe, zisubizwa uwazitanze, zikandukurwa muri RDB, maze zigasubizwa ku mazina yuwazitanze kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe. Incamake y’ ikibazo: Sosiyete y’ubucuruzi yitwa GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ishinzwe kubaka amazu ikayagurisha amaze kuzura, yagejeje kuri Banki ya Kigali Plc umushinga wo kubaka amazu 41, iyi Banki imaze kuwushima yizeza iyo Sosiyete ko izayifasha kuwushyira mu bikorwa, nyuma ikorana na Banki amasezerano y’inguzanyo, nayo yemera kuzajya yishyura Banki ya Kigali Plc ubwishyu ivanye kuri buri nzu yuzuye ikagurishwa, kandi ko ayo mazu yose uko ari 41 n’ubutaka yubatsweho bizaba ingwate kugeza arangije kugurishwa. Nyuma yaho GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd iza gusanga inguzanyo yahawe idashobora kurangiza kubaka amazu 41 yari ateganyijwe muri uwo mushinga, maze yongera isaba Banki indi nguzanyo y’inyongera ingana na miliyoni ijana na mirongo itanu (150.0000.000Frw) irayiyemerera, bakorana amasezerano yiswe Additional Investment loan facility, maze nayo itanga ingwate y’iyo nguzanyo y’inyongera. GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ivuga ariko ko yaje gutungurwa n’uko Banki ya Kigali Plc imaze kwandikisha ingwate yayihaye, yanze gutanga iyo nguzanyo y’inyongera, bikayiteza igihombo gikomeye kuko umushinga wadindiye, bityo ko ari byo byatumye idashoborakwishyura banki nk’uko yabiteganyaga. Nyuma yaho, GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yareze Bank of Kigali mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, isaba Urukiko kuyitegeka kuyiha indishyi zinyuranye zishingiye ku kuba itarubahirije amasezerano bagiranye, kuyitegeka guhagarika kubara inyungu z’inguzanyo, no kuyisubiza ingwate zandikishijwe kuri uwo mwenda itahawe. BANK OF KIGALI Plc mu kwiregura yavuze ko GATE HILLS ESTATES yahawe inguzanyo zitandukanye, maze umwenda wose ugeze kuri 1.380.000.000Frw. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urwo rubanza, maze rwemeza ko ikirego cya GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd gifite ishingiro, ko BK Plc yishe amasezerano ubwo yangaga gutanga amafaranga yose yumvikanye, bikayitera igihombo, bityo ko BK Plc igomba kubitangira indishyi zo kwica amasezerano, ko ingwate zanditswe muri RDB zigomba kwandukurwa kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe, rwemeza kandi ko inyungu zabarwaga ku mwenda wemejwe wa 150.000.000Frw wafatanyijwe n’umwenda wari usanzwe (consolidated loan) ariko ntuhabwe utagomba gukomeza kubarirwa inyungu guhera igihe uru rubanza rukirijwe. BANK OF KIGALI Plc ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo, ijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko yubahirije amasezerano, bityo ko itagombaga gutegekwa kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd indishyi zo kutubahiriza amasezerano, bityo ko zikwiye kuvanwaho.

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Uwitwa Gashumba Emmanuel yagobotse muri urwo rubanza ku bushake, avuga ko Gate Hills Estate Ltd na Bank of Kigali Plc ziburana umutungo we yaguze muri cyamunara kuri ubu ukaba umwanditseho , asaba ko ukugoboka kwe kugamije kurengera inyungu ze bwite zemewe n’amategeko zitaziguye, anasaba indishyi zitandukanye. Gate Hills Estate Ltd yireguye ivuga ko ingingo z’ubujurire zitangwa na Bank of Kigali Plc nta shingiro zifite kuko ari yo yishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo, bityo ko indishyi zo kutubahiriza amasezerano yategetswe kwishyura zifite ishingiro, kandi ko itagombaga gukomeza kubara inyungu. Ku bijyanye no kuba Urukiko rwarategetse ko ingwate yari yayihaye kuri iyo nguzanyo zandukurwa muri RDB ikazisubizwa, ivuga ko nta makosa rwakoze, kuko rwasanze ari yo itarubahirije amasezerano, naho ku birebana n’ibyo Gashumba Emmanuel avuga ko mu byo iburana na Bank of Kigali Plc harimo umutungo we, ivuga ko ntacyo akwiye kuyibaza kuko nta masezerano bafitanye. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze Bank of Kigali Plc ari yo yishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo y’inyongera bityo ko ibintu bigomba gusubira uko byari bimeze mbere ya cyamunara yaguzwemo, rwemeza kandi ko imikirize y'urubanza rwaciwe n' Urukiko rw'Ubucuruzi idahindutse, bityo ko ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Bank of Kigali Plc yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ivuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu gufata icyemezo rwivuguruje, rutesha agaciro cyamunara y’ingwate nta mpamvu, bityo ko ibisabira indishyi zitandukanye. Gate Hills Estate Ltd yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Bank of Kigali Plc kubera gutsindwa hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Bank of Kigali Plc asaba ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko yazamuwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd itahabwa ishingiro, ko TC nta na hamwe higeze hasuzumwa ibijyanye na cyamunara y’ingwate, ariko ko mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwabisuzumye ndetse rukanabifataho icyemezo.

Incamake y’ icyemezo: 1. Impamvu zimwe zisuzumirwa mu mbago z’ibyajuririwe hashingiwe ku ihame risanzwe mu micire y’imanza rivuga ko umucamanza wo mu rwego rwa mbere yita ku igenzura ry’ibimenyetso n’amategeko ugereranyije n’ikiburanwa. 2. Mu gusuzuma ko impamvu zashingiweho umuburanyi atsindwa mu nkiko zombi ari zimwe, hatarebwa niba ibimenyetso ababuranyi batanze ku rwego rwa mbere ari byo byatanzwe no mu rwego rw’ubujurire, cyangwa ko zakoresheje amagambo amwe, ahubwo harebwa niba inkiko zombi zarasubije ku buryo bumwe ingingo zirebana n’ikiburanwa. 3. Ingwate zatanzwe zikahabwa banki, zikandikishwa ariko inguzanyo zari zatangiwe ntitangwe, zisubizwa uwazitanze, zikandukurwa muri RDB, maze zigasubizwa ku mazina yuwazitanze kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe.

Ubujurire ntibwakiriwe. Amagarama y’ urubanza ahwanye n’ ibyarukozwemo.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 52. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC rwaciwe ku wa 27/11/2020, haburana SANLAM AG Plc na UR; Urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS-RCOMAA 0033/2016/CS hagati ya Bank of Kigali Ltd na Mulisa Kana Martin rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017, Urubanza RCOMAA 00010/2018/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 15/03/2019, haburana KOPERATIVE DUKUNDUMURIMO (KOADU) na KING CONSTRUCTION AND SERVICE COMPANY(KICOSECA); Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC hagati ya Road Solution Pavement Products na MAILCO Ltd, rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2020.

Urubanza

I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

[1] Sosiyete y’ubucuruzi yitwa GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ishinzwe kubaka amazu ikayagurisha amaze kuzura, yagejeje kuri Banki ya Kigali Plc umushinga wo kubaka amazu 41, iyi Banki imaze kuwushima yizeza iyo Sosiyete ko izayifasha kuwushyira mu bikorwa. GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yagiranye na Banki ya Kigali Plc amasezerano y’inguzanyo, Banki ya Kigali Plc yemera guha GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd inguzanyo yo kubaka amazu 41, naho GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yemera kuzajya yishyura Banki ya Kigali Plc ubwishyu ivanye kuri buri nzu yuzuye ikagurishwa, kandi ko ayo mazu yose uko ari 41 n’ubutaka yubatsweho bizaba ingwate ya Banki ya Kigali Plc kugeza arangije kugurishwa. Nyuma yaho GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd iza gusanga inguzanyo yahawe n’iyo Banki idashobora kurangiza kubaka amazu 41 yari ateganyijwe muri uwo mushinga. GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yasabye Banki ya Kigali Plc indi nguzanyo y’inyongera ingana na miliyoni ijana na mirongo itanu (150.0000.000Frw) irayiyemerera, maze ku wa 03/10/2017 zigirana amasezerano yiswe Additional Investment loan facility, kandi GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd itanga ingwate y’iyo nguzanyo y’inyongera. GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ivuga ariko ko yaje gutungurwa n’uko Banki ya Kigali Plc imaze kwandikisha ingwate yayihaye, yanze gutanga iyo nguzanyo y’inyongera ya 150.000.000Frw nk’uko yayemeye muri ayo masezerano impande zombi zagiranye, bigatuma umushinga wayo udindira kuko itashoboye gukomeza kubaka amazu yari awuteganyijwemo ngo arangire, bikayiteza igihombo gikomeye, ngo kuko ubucuruzi bwayo bwari bushingiye ku mazu yagombaga kuzuza ikayagurisha ariko ntibishoboke. Ikomeza ivuga ko ibyo byatumye idashobora kwishyura Banki ya Kigali Plc nk’uko yabiteganyaga, kandi ko nyuma yo kwanga kuyiha iyo inguzanyo yari yayemereye kugira ngo ishobore kurangiza uwo mushinga w’ubucuruzi, yakomeje kubara inyungu ku mafaranga yari imaze gutanga, kandi bigaragara ko ari yo yatumye uwo mushinga utarangizwa. Ibyo byatumye GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd irega Bank of Kigali mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego cyayo cyandikwa kuri RCOM 00912/2021/TC, isaba Urukiko gutegeka Banki ya Kigali Plc kuyiha indishyi zinyuranye zishingiye ku kuba itarubahirije amasezerano zagiranye, kuyitegeka guhagarika kubara inyungu z’inguzanyo kuva ihagaritse gutanga inguzanyo ku mushinga yayigejejeho ikawemera, no kuyisubiza ingwate zandikishijwe kuri uwo mwenda itahawe.

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[2] BANK OF KIGALI Plc mu kwiregura yavuze ko mu ibaruwa ya Sekimondo Vincent yo ku wa 09/12/2014, yasabye umwenda (credit line) muri Bank of Kigali ungana na miliyoni magana cyenda (900.000 Frw) yo kumufasha mu mushinga wo kubaka amazu mu Karere ka Kicukiro ndetse no kumufasha kwishyura ibirarare by’umwenda yari abereyemo BRD ungana na 350.000.000 Frw, akanasaba guhabwa 250.000.000 Frw yo gutangira kubaka andi mazu hanyuma akazahabwa 300.000.000 Frw amaze kugaragaza icyo 600.000.000 Frw yayakoresheje. Ko ku wa 12/08/2015 GATE HILLS ESTATES yasabye umwenda w’inyongera ungana na miliyoni magana ane na mirongo inani (480.000Frw) ivuga ko ari ayo kurangiza uwo mushinga w’ubwubatsi bw’amazu, ku wa 21/09/2015 Bank of Kigali Plc ikayemerera umwenda ungana na 320.000.000Frw yiyongera kuri 900.000.000 Frw yari isanganwe nk’uko bigaragazwa na historique ya Banki. Ko kandi nk’uko bigaragazwa na approval of loan facility ya Banki yo ku wa 05/02/2016, GATE HILLS ESTATES yemerewe umwenda ungana 1.220.000.000 Frw, maze umwenda wose (credit line) uba ugeze kuri 1.380.000.000 Frw.

[3] BK Plc yavuze kandi ko ku wa 11/02/2016 impande zombi zakoranye inama zumvikana ku bigomba gukorwa n’uburyo amafaranga yajya atangwa mu byiciro bitewe n’uko imirimo izagenda ikorwa, hanyuma mu kubishyira mu bikorwa, GATE HILLS ESTATES Ltd iyandikira ibaruwa isaba kurekura amafaranga angana na 106.143.800 Frw akomoka ku nguzanyo ya 160.000.000 Frw igaragara mu masezerano yo ku wa 05/02/2016, muri iyo baruwa inatanga ibisobanuro bijyanye n’amafaranga yasabaga ko irekura. Ivuga kandi ko ku wa 03/10/2016 GATE HILLS ESTATES yayandikiye iyisaba kuvugurura umwenda, maze ku wa 07/06/2017, hashingiwe ku kuba GATE HILLS ESTATES Ltd itarubahirije amasezerano yo kwishyura umwenda nk’uko impande zombi zabyumvikanyeho, igahabwa integuza ya nyuma yo kwishyura (Last warning letter), aho umwenda wose wanganaga na 1.812.809.565 Frw. Ko ku wa 30/06/2017, GATE HILLS ESTATES Ltd ishingiye kuri iyo Last warning Letter, yayandikiye ibaruwa isaba kuvugurura umwenda ndetse iniyemerera ko itabashije kwishyura ibirarane by’umwenda ndetse na restructuring request for the loans granted to GATE HILLS ESTATES Ltd yo muri June 2017. Yakomeje isobanura ko ku wa 03/10/2017 impande zombi zagiranye amasezerano yiswe Additional Investment loan facility, maze ku

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mwenda wari usanzwe ungana na 1.946.861.039Frw ikayongereraho 150.000.000 Frw nk’uko bigaragazwa n’imbonerahamwe yakozwe muri ayo masezerano, hanyuma imyenda yose igahuzwa (consolidation), umwenda wose ukaba 2.096.861.039 Frw. Yavuze ko ku wa 26/02/2020 umwenda wa 2.006.861.039 Frw (1.946.861.039 Frw + 60.000.000 Frw GATE [4] HILLS ESTATES Ltd yemera ko yafashe ku mwenda wa 150.000.000 Frw) wari ugeze kuri 3.136.882.829 Frw habariwemo n’inyungu nk’uko bigaragazwa n’ibaruwa yiswe Last Warning Letter yo ku wa 26/02/2020, kandi ko mu nyandiko yo ku wa 21/11/2017 impamde zombi zashyizeho umukono GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yiyemeje ibyo igomba gukora kugira ngo izajye ihabwa mu byiciro amafaranga akomoka kuri miliyoni 150.000.000 Frw yemerewe (milestones), ndetse ko no mu nyandiko yo ku wa 14/12/2017 impande zombi zashyizeho umukono, GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yiyemeje ibyo igomba gukora kugira ngo izajye ihabwa mu byiciro amafaranga akomoka kuri miliyoni 150.000.000 Frw yemerewe ibanje kugaragaza ibigiye gukorwa ((Approval of request), hanyuma mu gushyira mu bikorwa icyo impande zombi zumvikanye ku wa 21/11/2017 no ku wa 14/12/2017, ku wa 09/03/2018 GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ikayandikira ibaruwa isaba guhabwa amafaranga angana na 15.380.360 Frw, nyuma yo gusuzuma ibigomba gukorwa, isanga bifite agaciro ka 13.484.983 Frw akaba ari yo iyiha (disbursement) akomotse ku nguzanyo ya 150.000.000 Frw yemerewe. Inavuga ko ku wa 26/02/2020 GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yongeye guhabwa integuza ya nyuma yo kwishyura umwenda wose wari ugeze kuri 3.136.882.829 Frw harimo na 60.000.000 Frw n’inyungu zawo, kandi ko aya 60.000.000 Frw yari yayahawe kuri 150.000.000 Frw nyuma yo kugaragaza icyo agiye kuyakoresha. Ngo naho 90.000.000 Frw ikaba itarayahawe, bitewe n’uko itayasabye, ibanje kuzuza ibisabwa nk’uko byari bisanzwe bigenda. Bityo ko idakwiye gushingira ku ibaruwa yo ku wa 07/12/2000 ivuga ko yasabye amafaranga ntiyahabwe kandi hari ibyo impande zombi zumvikanyeho yagombaga kubanza kubahirizwa itakoze. Byongeye kandi ngo ni uko ku wa 07/12/2020 nyuma y’amezi 8 GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ibonye integuza na nyuma y’imyaka 3 yemerewe umwenda ku wa 03/10/2017, ari bwo yandikiye Banki ibaruwa isesa amasezerano ngo kuko yananiwe kuyiha inguzanyo ya 150.000.000 Frw, yiyibagijeko mu masezerano yo ku wa 21/11/2017, 14/12/2017 ndetse no mu yo ku wa 03/10/2017 harimo conditions impande zombi zumvikanyweho mu masezerano yagombaga kubanza kuzuza kugira ihabwe amafaranga, ndetse iniyibagiza ko hari 60.000.000 Frw yahawe itashoboye kwishyura. Bityo ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 64 y’Itegeko rigenga amasezerano,

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iya 108 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imimenyetso n’iya 12 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’Imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ikirego cyayo nta shingiro gikwiye guhabwa. Mu gusoza, itanga ikirego kiregera kwiregura isaba indishyi zitandukanye.

[5] Ku wa 18/11/2021, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urwo rubanza, maze rwemeza ko ikirego cya GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd gifite ishingiro, ko BK Plc yishe amasezerano ubwo yangaga gutanga amafaranga yose yumvikanye na GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd, ko BK Plc yateje GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd igihombo kubera ko yanze gutanga amafaranga yose kugira ngo umushinga urangire kandi yarahawe ingwate kuri uwo mwenda w’inyongera ndetse yaranazandikishije muri RDB, ko BK Plc igomba gutanga indishyi zihwanye na 10.000.000 Frw zo kwica amasezerano hakiyongeraho n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’ibihembo by’Abavoka bihwanye na 1.500.000 Frw, yose hamwe akaba akaba 11.500.000 Frw, ko ingwate zanditswe muri RDB kugira ngo hatangwe inguzanyo y’inyongera ihwanye na 150.000.000 Frw zigomba kwandukurwa kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe ngo kirangire bitewe na BK Plc yishe amasezerano, ko rutagomba gusuzuma ngo rwemeze umwenda wose GATE HILLS ESTATE ibereyemo BK Plc kuko atari cyo kirego rwaregewe; ko rugomba kuguma mu mbibi z’ikirego rwaregewe gusa kirebana n’inguzanyo y’inyongera GATE HILLS ESTATE yari yaremerewe na BK Plc ingana na 150.000.000 Frw, ariko BK Plc ikaba itarayitanze yose; Rwemeza ko inyungu zabarwaga ku mwenda wemejwe wa 150.000.000 Frw wafatanyijwe n’umwenda wari usanzwe (consolidated loan) ariko ntuhabwe GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd utagomba gukomeza kubarirwa inyungu guhera igihe uru rubanza rukirijwe.

[6] Bank of Kigali Plc ntiyishimiye icyo cyemezo, ijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ubujurire bwayo buhabwa RCOMA 00908/2021/HCC, ivuga ko yubahirije amasezerano y'inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017 ingana na 150.000.000 Frw, ko itagombaga gutegekwa kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd indishyi zo kutubahiriza amasezerano, iz'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka, bityo ko zikwiye kuvanwaho, kandi ko ingwate z'inyongera zivugwa mu masezerano y'inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017 zatanzwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd zidakwiye kwandukurwa, kandi ko cyamunara yakorewe ku mutungo wanditse kuri UPI

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1/03/10/01/3975, waguzwe na Gashumba Emmanuel yakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, isoza isaba indishyi zinyuranye.

[7] Gashumba Emmanuel yagobotse muri urwo rubanza ku bushake, avuga ko Gate Hills Estate Ltd na Bank of Kigali Plc ziburana umutungo we ufite UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 atabizi, bityo ko ukugoboka kwe kugamije kurengera inyungu ze bwite zemewe n’amategeko zitaziguye afite kuri uwo mutungo, ashingiye ku ngingo ya 113 na 114 CPCCSA, ngo kuko ku rwego rwa mbere Urukiko rwawufasheho icyemezo kiwumwambura kandi yarawuguze na Bank of Kigali mu cyamunara, kuri ubu ukaba umwanditseho. Asoza asaba indishyi zitandukanye.

[8] Gate Hills Estate Ltd yireguye ivuga ko ingingo z’ubujurire zitangwa na Bank of Kigali Plc nta shingiro zifite kuko ari yo yishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo y’inyongera yo ku wa 03/10/2017 impande zombi zagiranye, yanga kurekura 150.000.000 Frw yari yemerewe, yagombaga kuyifasha kurangiza umushinga wayo w'ubwubatsi bw'amazu, bityo ko indishyi zo kutubahiriza amasezerano yategetswe kwishyura zifite ishingiro, kandi ko itagombaga gukomeza kubara inyungu. Ku bijyanye no kuba Urukiko rwarategetse ko ingwate yari yayihaye kuri iyo nguzanyo zandukurwa muri RDB ikazisubizwa, ivuga ko nta makosa rwakoze, kuko rwasanze ari yo itarubahirije amasezerano, isoza isaba indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’izi’igihembo cya Avoka. Naho ku birebana n’ibyo Gashumba Emmanuel avuga ko mu byo iburana na Bank of Kigali Plc harimo umutungo we, ivuga ko ntacyo akwiye kuyibaza kuko nta masezerano bafitanye.

[9] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba Bank of Kigali Plc yarubahirije amasezerano yo ku wa 03/10/2017 y'inguzanyo ingana na 150.000.000 Frw, no kumenya niba indishyi zo kutubahiriza amasezerano, iz'ikurikiranarubanza n' igihembo cya Avoka Bank of Kigali Plc yategetswe kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd zikwiye kuvanwaho, kumenya niba ingwate z'inyongera zivugwa mu masezerano y'inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017 zatanzwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd zidakwiye kwandukurwa, kumenya niba ingwate ku mutungo ufite UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 watanzweho ingwate y'inyongera na Gate Hills Estate

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Ltd idakwiye kwandukurwa no kumenya niba ababuranyi muri uru rubanza bakwiye guhabwa indishyi basabye.

[10] Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rushingiye ku bisobanuro no ku bimenyetso byatanzwe n’ababuranyi birimo amasezerano yo ku wa 03/10/2017, ku ngingo ya 64 y'Itegeko nº 45/201 1 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, iteganya ko: ʺAmasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Ashobora guseswa ari uko babyumvikanyeho cyangwa ku mpamvu zemewe n'amategeko. Agomba kubahirizwa nta buriganyaʺ, ku ngingo ya 70 y'iryo Tegeko, iteganya ko: ʺBuri ruhande rufite inshingano yo kurangiza amasezerano nta buriganya kandi rukarangwa n’imikorere myiza yemerwa ku bagiranye amasezeranoʺ, ndetse no ku ngingo ya 80 y'ltegeko nº45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011, rimaze kuvugwa, iteganya ko: ʺGukora ibisabwa byose mu masezerano bikuraho inshingano zo kubikora. Iyo igihe cyo gukora ibisabwa mu masezerano kigeze, kutabikora bifatwa nko kwica amasezeranoʺ, rwasanze Bank of Kigali Plc ari yo yishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo y’inyongera yo ku wa 03/10/2017 ingana na 150.000.000 Frw, yagombaga gufasha Gate Hills Estate Ltd kurangiza umushinga wayo w'ubwubatsi bw'amazu, kandi iyo nguzanyo yaragombaga guhuzwa n'umwenda yari isanganywe ungana na 1.946.861.039 Frw, kandi uburyo iyo nguzanyo yagombaga gutangwa bugaragarira mu ibaruwa yo ku wa 21/11/2017 n'iyo ku wa 14/12/2017, iyo Banki yandikiye Gate Hills Estate Ltd, bityo itarahaye Gate Hills Estate Ltd amafaranga yari asigaye ku nguzanyo yemerewe muri ayo masezerano ingana na 150.000.000 Frw nta mpamvu.

[11] Rushingiye kandi ku ngingo ya 3, igika cya 1 y'itegeko Nº 10/2009 ryo ku wa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa, nk'uko ryahinduwe kandi rikuzuzwa kugeza ubu, iteganya ko ku bijyanye n'ububasha bwo gutanga ingwate ku mutungo utimukanwa, uflte umutungo utimukanwa afite ububasha bwo kuwutangaho ingwate cyangwa igice cyawo kugira ngo ashingane umwenda afite cyangwa ateganya gufata, rwasanze nk'uko byemejwe ku rwego rwa mbere, ingwate z'inyongera zatanzwe ku mwenda w'inyongera ungana na 150.000.000 Frw, zikwiye kwandukurwa muri RDB, Gate Hills Estate Ltd ikazisubizwa kuko bigaragara ko itahawe inguzanyo yose y'inyongera yari yemerewe nta mpamvu.

## Page 9

[12]

Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze kandi ibyerekeye indishyi zasabwe na Bank of Kigali Plc nta shingiro ziifte, izo Gate Hills Estate Ltd yasabye zo kutubahiriza amasezerano zingana na 65.000.000 Frw, aho kuba 10.000.000Frw yagenwe ku rwego rwa mbere zidakwiye gutangwa, ahubwo hakwiye gutangwa izagenwe ku rwego rwa mbere mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ziri mu rugero, bityo zikaba zidakwiye guhinduka, kandi indishyi z'ikurikiranarubanza na zo zidakwiye gutangwa kuko zitagaragarijwe ibimenyetso ngo Urukiko rube rwabishingiraho mu kuzigena, naho iz’igihembo cya Avoka zikwiye gutangwa kuko Bank of Kigali Plc yareze Gate Hills Estate Ltd bigatuma ishaka Avoka, naho izasabwe na Gashumba Emmanuel nta shingiro zifite kuko ibyo yasabye mu kugoboka kwe nta shingiro bifite.

[13] Ku wa 08/07/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urwo rubanza maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Bank of Kigali Plc nta shingiro bufite, ko ibyasabwe na Gashumba Emmanuel wagobotse ku bushake nta shingiro bifite, ko ku bijyanye n'ingwate z'inyongera zivugwa mu masezerano y'inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017 zatanzwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd, ibintu bigomba gusubira uko byari bimeze mbere ya cyamunara yaguzwemo umutungo ufite UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975, izo ngwate zikandukurwa muri RDB, zigasubizwa Gate Hills Estate Ltd. Rutegeka Bank of Kigali Plc kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd indishyi z'igihembo cya Avoka, mu bujurire zingana na 500.000 Frw. Rwemeza ko imikirize y'urubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC rwaciwe n' Urukiko rw'Ubucuruzi ku wa 18/11/2021 idahindutse.

[14]

Ku wa 02/08/2022, Bank of Kigali Plc yajuririye urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwayo buhabwa RCOMAA 00087/2022/CA, ivuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu gufata icyemezo rwivuguruje, aho rwemeje ko hari umwenda ungana na 60.000.000 Frw GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yahawe, hanyuma rukongera rugategeka ko ingwate zawutanzweho zandukurwa, kuba rwaratesheje agaciro cyamunara y’ingwate ibaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 nta mpamvu, no kuba rwaremeje ko Bank of Kigali Plc ari yo yishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo rwirengagije ibyo impande zumvikanyeho mu masezerano yo ku wa 31/11/2017 n’ayo ku wa 14/12/2017. Inasaba indishyi zitandukanye.

## Page 10

[15] GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd mbere yo kwiregura yatanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Bank of Kigali Plc kubera gutsindwa hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, aho zose mu kwemeza ko ingwate z’inyongera zivugwa mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017 yatanze ku mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 zakandukurwa muri RDB ikazisubirana, zashingiye ku kuba Bank of Kigali Plc ari yo itarubahirije amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye yanga kuyiha amafaranga yari yarayemereye nta mpamvu, bityo ko asheshwe ibintu bigasubira uko byari bimeze mbere.

[16] Iburanisha ry’urubanza ryatangiye ku wa 04/01/2023, Bank of Kigali Plc ihagarariwe na Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco, Gate Hills Estate Ltd ihagarariwe na Sekimondo Vincent Umuyobozi wayo yunganiwe na Me Kagabo Vénuste na Me Bizimana Olivier, naho Gashumba Emmanuel ahagarariwe na Me Munyamasoko Jovith, hasuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko kubera gutsindwa hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu Nkiko zombi zabanje yazamuwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd, ndetse n’ikibazo cy’ibyagenze ku rubanza mu gihe urubanza rwaba rugomba kugarukira ku cyemezo kuri iyi nzitizi. Urukiko rwashyize isomwa ry’icyemezo ku wa 20/01/2023, ari nacyo gihe urubanza rusomeweho mu ruhame.

II.ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

 Gusuzuma niba ubujurire bwatanzwe na Bank of Kigali Plc butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kubera gutsindwa ku mpamvu zimwe mu Nkiko zombi zabanje.

[17] Sekimondo Vincent uhagarariye Gate Hills Estate Ltd n’aba Avoka bamwunganira bashingiye ku ngingo ya 52 y’Itegeko N°30/2018, ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, batanga inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwatanzwe na Bank of Kigali Ltd ku mpamvu zo kuba yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.

[18] Basobanura ko ku rwego rw’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu gika cya 7 n’icya 8 by’urubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, rwavuze ko Bank of Kigali Ltd itubahirije

## Page 11

amasezerano ndetse ikaba itarashoboye kurugaragariza impungenge yagize zatumye itarekura amafaranga kandi yari yaramaze guhabwa ingwate ndetse ikanasaba izindi z’inyongera. Ko kandi mu gika cya 11 cy’urwo rubanza Urukiko rwasanze Bank of Kigali igomba guha Gate Hills Estate Ltd indishyi zingana na 11.500.000 Frw kubera igihombo yayiteje yanga kuyiha amafaranga yari yarayemereye bigatuma umushinga wagombaga kuvamo ubwishyu utarangira. Bavuga kandi ko mu gika cya 18 cyarwo rwavuze ko kuba Bank of Kigali itarubahirije amsezerano ibintu bigomba gusubira uko byari bimeze mbere, ingwate z’inyongera Gate Hills Estate Ltd yatanze zikandukurwa ku mwenda itahawe wose, ikazisubizwa kuko icyo zatangiwe atari cyo zakoze.

[19] Bakomeza bavuga ko ku rwego rw’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, mu gika cya 17 n’icya 18 by’urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi na rwo rwasanze Bank of Kigali Ltd itarubahirije amasezerano nk’uko n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwabibonye, bityo ko basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugereranya ibyo Urukiko rwabonye muri ibi bika n’ibikubiye mu gika cya 7 n’icya 8 by’urubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC kuko bigaragaza ko isesengura Inkiko zombi zakoze rihuye, aho zagaragaje ko zasanze nta mpamvu n’imwe yari ihari yatumye Bank of Kigali Ltd idaha Gate Hills Estate Ltd amafaranga yari yarayisabye, bityo ko ubujurire bwayo butagomba kwakirwa kuko yatsinzwe kabiri hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.

[20] Ku kibazo kijyanye n’indishyi zatanzwe ku nzego zibanza zirimo n’izirebana no kwica amasezerano, umuyobozi wa Gate Hills Estate Ltd n’aba Avoka bamwunganira bavuga ko mu gika cya 19 cy’urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwagize ruti: “Mu gika cya 27 mu mikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe, Urukiko rwagaragaje ko BK Plc igomba kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd, indishyi zingana na 10.000.000 Frw zo kwica amasezerano n’iz’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka zingana na 1.500.000 Frw; bityo hashingiwe ku kuba mu rwego rwa mbere, Urukiko rwarasanze BK Plc ariyo itarubahirije amasezerano y’inguzanyo yavuzwe haruguru ndetse no mu bujurire, Urukiko rukaba ariko rwabibonye, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru mu gika cya 18, Urukiko rusanga indishyi zo kwica amasezerano n’iz’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka, BK Plc yategetswe kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd, zifite ishingiro; bityo iby’uko zikwiye kuvanwaho, bikaba nta

## Page 12

shingiro bifite”. Basobanura ko ibi bigaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze ibyo Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwakoze ntacyo rwabihinduraho kuko nta nenge bifite, bityo ko Ubujurire bwa Bank of Kigali butagomba kwakirwa kuko impamvu yo kuba itarubahirije amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye yashingiweho n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC mu kwemeza ko itsinzwe ari na yo Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwashingiyeho mu rubanza rujuririrwa mu kwemeza ko itsinzwe no ku birebana n’indishyi yategetswe.

[21] Ku kibazo kijyanye no gusubiza ingwate zari zahawe Bank of Kigali, umuyobozi wa Gate Hills Estate Ltd n’aba Avoka bamwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwagisuzumye aho mu gika cya 25 cy’urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC rwashingiye ku byo Urukiko rubanza rwavuze bigaragara mu gika cya 19 cy’urubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC rwari rwajuririwe ntirwagira icyo rubihinduraho aho rugira ruti: “Mu gika cya 19 mu mikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe, Urukiko rwagaragaje ko kuba ingwate z’inyongera zaratanzwe zigahabwa BK Plc, ariko ntitange inguzanyo zari zatangiwe, rusanga zigomba gusubizwa Gate Hills Estate Ltd ndetse zikandukurwa muri RDB kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe; bityo hashingiwe ku kuba bigaragara ko ingwate itangwa kugira ngo ishingane umwenda umuntu aba ateganya gufata, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru mu gika cya 24, hagashingirwa no ku byasobanuwe haruguru mu gika cya 18, aho Urukiko rwagaragaje ko BK Plc yishe amasezerano yo ku wa 03/10/2017 kuko itahaye nta mpamvu Gate Hills Estate Ltd, amafaranga yari asigaye ku nguzanyo yemerewe, ingana na 150.000.000 Frw, Urukiko rusanga nk’uko byemejwe mu rwego rwa mbere, ingwate z’inyongera zatanzwe ku mwenda w’inyongera ungana na 150.000.000 Frw, zikwiye gusubizwa Gate Hills Estate Ltd ndetse zikandukurwa muri RDB kuko bigaragara ko Gate Hills Estate Ltd itahawe nta mpamvu inguzanyo yose y’inyongera yari yemerewe; bityo iby’uko ingwate z’inyongera zivugwa mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017, zatanzwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd, zidakwiye kwandukurwa, bikaba nta shingiro bifite”. Bashingiye kuri ibi bavuga ko inkiko zombi zagaragaje ko kuba ingwate z’inyongera zaratanzwe zigahabwa BK Plc ariko yo ntitange inguzanyo izo ngwate zari zatangiwe, ari yo mpamvu zigomba gusubizwa Gate Hills Estate Ltd ndetse zikandukurwa muri RDB kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe. Bityo ko hashingiwe no

## Page 13

kuri ibi bisobanuro ubujurire bwa Bank of Kigali Plc (BK Plc) butagomba kwakirwa kuko ibyo yajuririye kuri iki kibazo yabitsinzweho hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi.

[22] Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco uhagarariye Bank of Kigali Plc asaba ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko yazamuwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd itahabwa ishingiro, ko Bank of Kigali Plc itatsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi, kuko mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC nta na hamwe higeze hasuzumwa ibijyanye na cyamunara y’ingwate GATE HILLS ESTATE yahaye Bank of Kigali Plc , ariko ko mu rubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwabisuzumye ndetse rukanabifataho icyemezo nk’uko bigaragra mu bika bya 26-30 na 39 by’urwo rubanza. Ko kandi ibirebana n’iyo cyamunara byaburanyweho na mbere y’uko iburanwaho mu rubanza RCOM 00972/2021/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kuwa 30/08/2021 nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 11 cyarwo ndetse no mu rubanza RCOMA 00601/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi kuwa 07/09/2021 nk’uko bigaragara mu bika bya 27, 28 na 29. [23]

Me Munyamasoko Jovith uhagarariye Gashumba Emmanuel avuga ko asanga ibijyanye n’ububasha bw’Urukiko bwo kwakira no gusuzuma mu mizi ubu bujurire bwa kabiri bizasuzumwa n’Urukiko hashingiwe ku ngingo zatanzwe na Bank of Kigali Plc na GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [24] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Bank of Kigali Plc yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, zaba ari zimwe ubujurire bwayo ntibwakirwe, zaba atari zimwe ubujurire bwayo bukakirwa kuko buba buri mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko.

[25] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, iteganya ibikurikira: “Icyakora kandi ubujurire bwa kabiri ntibushobora kwakirwa ku manza z’ababuranye bemera ibyo baregwa, cyangwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe”.

## Page 14

[26] Ku bijyanye n’ibisobanuro by’impamvu zimwe, Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko byafashweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ndetse n’uru Rukiko, mu gusuzuma niba umuburanyi yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, harebwa icyaburanwaga n’imitekerereze ya buri rukiko (raisonnement juridique) mu kugaragaza impamvu zashingiweho, kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo rwafashe, hitawe ku kureba niba ingingo zaburanywe mbere arizo zagarutsweho mu bujurire kandi ko inkiko zombi zazisubijeho mu buryo bumwe 1. Ibi kandi byumvikanisha ko impamvu zimwe zisuzumirwa mu mbago z’ibyajuririwe hashingiwe ku ihame risanzwe mu micire y’imanza rivuga ko umucamanza wo mu rwego rwa mbere yita ku igenzura ry’ibimenyetso n’amategeko ugereranyije n’ikiburanwa, naho umucamanza wo mu rwego rw’ubujurire akibanda cyane cyane ku kugenzura niba amategeko ku rwego rwa mbere yarubahirijwe uko bikwiye hakurikijwe ibisobanuro n’ibimenyetso byari byatanzwe muri urwo rubanza, byaba ngombwa agakosora aho bikenewe.

[27] Na none mu rubanza RCOMAA 0048/16/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 19/05/2017, haburana RRA na SODAR Ltd2, urwo Rukiko rwasobanuye ko mu gusuzuma ko impamvu zashingiweho umuburanyi atsindwa mu nkiko zombi ari zimwe, hatarebwa niba ibimenyetso ababuranyi batanze ku rwego rwa mbere ari byo byatanzwe no mu rwego rw’ubujurire, cyangwa ko zakoresheje amagambo amwe, ahubwo harebwa niba inkiko zombi zarasubije ku buryo bumwe ingingo zirebana n’ikiburanwa.

[28] Nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yaregeye Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi kwica amasezerano no kubisabira indishyi, gutegeka Banki ya Kigali no gusubiza GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ingwate zitigeze zitangirwaho umwenda. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 18/11/2021, igaragaza ko urwo Rukiko rwasuzumye ibibazo bijyanye no gusuzuma niba

1 Reba urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00003/2020/SC rwaciwe ku wa 27/11/2020, haburana SANLAM AG Plc na UR; Urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS-RCOMAA 0033/2016/CS hagati ya Bank of Kigali Ltd na MULISA KANA Martin rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017, igika cya 21. Reba kandi igika cya 12 cy’urubanza rubanziriza urundi mu rubanza RCOMAA 00010/2018/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 15/03/2019, haburana KOPERATIVE DUKUNDUMURIMO (KOADU) na KING CONSTRUCTION AND SERVICE COMPANY (KICOSECA); Urubanza RS/INJUST/RCOM 00002/2020/SC hagati ya Road Solution Pavement Products na MAILCO Ltd, rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2020, igika cya 24. 2 Reba igika cya 18 cy’urwo rubanza.

## Page 15

Banki ya Kigali yarishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo yagiranye na GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd; Gusuzuma niba hari igihombo Banki ya Kigali yateje GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ku buryo yakiryozwa; Gusuzuma niba Banki ya Kigali yategekwa gusubiza GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ingwate zishamikiye ku nguzanyo itaratanzwe,harimo umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975; Gusuzuma niba Banki ya Kigali yategekwa guhagarika kubara inyungu kuva ihagaritse gutanga inguzanyo ku mushinga yagejejweho na Gate Hill kandi ikabyemera no Gusuzuma ibirebana n’ikirego kiregera kwiregura cyatanzwe n’uregwa.

[29] Mu mikirize y’urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 08/07/2022, urwo Rukiko rwasuzumye ibibazo bijyanye no kumenya niba BK Plc yarubahirije amasezerano yo ku wa 03/10/2017 y’inguzanyo ingana na 150.000.000 Frw, kumenya niba indishyi zo kutubahiriza amasezerano, iz’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka BK Plc yategetswe kwishyura Gate Hills Estate Ltd zikwiye kuvanwaho, kumenya niba ingwate z’inyongera zivugwa mu masezerano y’inguzanyo yo ku wa 03/10/2017 zatanzwe na Gate Hills Estate Ltd zidakwiye kwandukurwa no kumenya niba ingwate ku mutungo UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 watanzweho ingwate y’inyongera na Gate Hills Estate Ltd idakwiye kwandukurwa, ndetse no kumenya niba ababuranyi muri uru rubanza bakwiye guhabwa indishyi basabye.

[30] Mu rwego rwo kumenya niba Bank of Kigali Plc yaratsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, Urukiko rurita ku kureba gusa ingingo zaburanwe ku rwego rwa mbere kandi zikagarukwaho mu bujurire no kureba niba inkiko zombi zarazisubijeho mu buryo bumwe. Ibibazo byasuzumwe n’Inkiko zombi bikaba ari byo byo bigomba guhuzwa n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 52 igika cya gatatu y’Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’inkiko hagereranywa imitekerereze y’umucamanza mu guhuza n’icyaburanwe, yagejeje BK Plc ku gutsindwa kuri izo nzego zombi, n’ubwo yo ivuga ko ikigaragaza cyonyine ko itatsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe ari ukuba ngo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi harasuzumiwe ibijyanye na cyamunara y’ingwate GATE HILLS ESTATE yari yarahaye Bank of Kigali Plc bitari byarasuzumwe ku rwego rwa mbere n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi3.

3 Uwo mutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 waje kugurwa muri cyamunara na Gashumba Emmanuel, waburanwe mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 18-19, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rubisesengura mu mu gika cya 30 cy’urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC, ari na rwo rujuririrwa aha.

## Page 16

[31]

Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba Banki ya Kigali yarishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo yagiranye na GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd, mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 7-11, rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo za 64 na 70 z’Itegeko rigenga amasezerano, rwasanze GATE HILLS ESTATE na Bank of Kigali barumvikanye ku nguzanyo ya 150.000.000 Frw yo kurangiza amazu 41 yari yaratangiye kubakwa. GATE HILLS ESTATE ihabwa 60.000.000 Frw hasigara 90.000.000 Frw iyasaba mu ibaruwa yo ku wa 09/03/2018 n’iyo ku wa 24/03/2018 ariko ntiyayahabwa nta n’impamvu igaragarijwe. Rubona ko BK Plc yanze kubahiriza amasezerano yo gutanga inguzanyo yose yari yiyemereye yanga gutanga amafaranga kugira ngo umushinga urangire neza nk’uko byari byitezwe kandi yarahawe ingwate z’izo nyubako zose 41. BK Plc itsindwa n’uko yanze gutanga ayo mafaranga yari yaremeye bikadindiza umushinga w’amazu 41 kuko atuzuye ngo agurishwe kugira ngo banki ibone ubwishyu bwayo, urwo Rukiko rwemeza ko BK Plc yishe amasezerano.

[32]

Iyo ngingo yongeye gusuzumwa mu rubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC mu bika bya 15-18, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rubona BK Plc itarashoboye kurugaragariza igisubizo yaba yarahaye Gate Hills Estate Ltd, ku bijyanye n’amafaranga yasabaga, yari asigaye ku nguzanyo yahawe ingana na 150.000.000 Frw; birugaragarira ko iby’uko Gate Hills Estate Ltd itahawe amafaranga 90.000.000 Frw bitewe n’uko itayasabye kandi ngo yuzuze ibyo yagombaga gukora mbere yo kuyahabwa, nk’uko byagaragajwe na BK Plc, bidafite ishingiro. BK Plc itsindwa n’uko nta mpamvu igaragara yo kudaha Gate Hills Estate Ltd, amafaranga yari asigaye ku nguzanyo yemerewe ku wa 03/10/2017, ingana na 150.000.000 Frw. Kuri icyo kibazo uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga BK Plc yaratsinzwe ku nzego zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.

[33] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba hari igihombo Banki ya Kigali yateje GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ku buryo yakiryozwa, mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 14-15, rwabonye ko kuba BK Plc yaremeye ko izatanga inguzanyo y’inyongera kugira ngo umushinga wagenewe inguzanyo ushobore kurangira neza, impande zombi zikagirana amasezerano ahwanye na 150.000.000 Frw, ndetse kugira ngo igire icyizere cyo kuzishyurwa amafaranga yatanze, BK Plc igasaba ko ihabwa izindi ngwate ziyongera ku mazu 41 yasabirwaga inguzanyo kugira ngo yuzuzwe neza ariko igatanga 60.000.000 Frw gusa, andi

## Page 17

90.000.000 Frw ikanga kuyarekura, byarateje igihombo Gate Hills Estate Ltd hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ngingo ya 81 igika cya 2 y’Itegeko rigenga amasezerano no kw’ihame ry’amategeko rivuga ko igikorwa cyose cy’umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka nyir’ugukora ikosa rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse. Kuri iki kibazo BK Plc ikaba yaratsinzwe no kwica amasezerano ku buryo bukabije kandi bugambiriye guteza igihombo GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd.

[34] Iki kibazo cyongeye gusuzumwa mu bujurire n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu gika cya 19 cy’urubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC, urwo Rukiko rushimangira icyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza ku rwego rwa mbere mu gika cya 27 ko indishyi zo kwica amasezerano zagenwemo zifite ishingiro, kandi ko zidakwiye kuvanwaho. Kuri icyo kibazo uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga BK Plc yaratsinzwe na none ku nzego zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe.

[35] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba Banki ya Kigali yategekwa gusubiza GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ingwate zishamikiye ku nguzanyo itaratanzwe, mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 18-19, rwabonye ko kuba GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd yarasabaga inguzanyo yiteze ko umushinga uzakorwa ukarangira ikabyemererwa bigatuma itanga ingwate z’inyongera, hashingiwe ku masezerano yo ku wa 03/10/2017, ariko ayo masezerano BK Plc ntiyubahirize, rusanga iyo amasezerano atashoboye kubahirizwa uko yakabaye ibintu bisubira uko byari bimeze, bivuze ko ingwate z’inyongera zatanzwe zandukurwa ku mwenda urega atahawe wose, maze zigasubizwa mu maboko ya GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd. BK Plc kuri iki kibazo ikaba yaratsinzwe n’uko itubahirije amasezerano yo ku wa 03/10/2017 izo ngwate z’inyongera zishingiyeho, bigatuma hafatwa icyemezo ko zandukurwa ku mwenda wa 150.000.000 Frw wavuzwe haruguru.

[36] Iyo ngingo yongeye gusuzumwa mu rubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC mu gika cya 29 aho Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwasobanuye ko ingwate itangwa kugira ngo ishingane umwenda umuntu aba ateganya gufata; aho na none Urukiko rushimangira ko ingwate z’inyongera zatanzwe ku mwenda w’inyongera ungana na 150.000.000 Frw zikwiye gusubizwa Gate Hills Estate Ltd ndetse zikandukurwa muri RDB kuko bigaragara ko Gate

## Page 18

Hills Estate Ltd itahawe nta mpamvu inguzanyo yose y’inyongera yari yemerewe. Kuri icyo kibazo uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga BK Plc yaratsinzwe ku nzego zombi zabanje hashingiwe na none ku mpamvu zimwe.

[37] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba ingwate ku mutungo UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 watanzweho ingwate y’inyongera na Gate Hills Estate Ltd idakwiye kwandukurwa, mu rubanza RCOM 00912/2021/TC Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 18-19, rwabonye ko kuba ingwate z’inyongera zaratanzwe zigahabwa BK Ltd ariko ntitange inguzanyo zari zatangiwe, igatsindwa kuri iyi ngingo, rusanga zigomba gusubizwa GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ndetse zikandukurwa muri RDB kuko icyo zatangiwe kitakozwe bitewe na BK Plc yanze kurekura amafaranga ngo inzu zose 41 zubakwe zirangire, zigurishwe umwenda wose GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ibereyemo BK Plc wishyurwe wose urangire, uwo mutungo UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 ukaba ubarirwamo. Iyo ngingo BK Plc yarayijuririye kandi muri ubwo bujurire hakaba haragobotsemo bwa mbere umuburanyi Gashumba Emmanuel waguze mu cyamunara ingwate y’umutungo ubaruwe kuri UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975.

[38] Iyo ngingo yongeye gusuzumwa mu rubanza RCOMA 00809/2021/HCC n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu gika cya 30, aho urwo Rukiko rwabonye ko ikiregerwa ku rwego rwa mbere ari ugutegeka BK gusubiza Gate Hills Estate Ltd ingwate zitigeze zitangirwaho umwenda nk’uko bimaze kugaragazwa hejuru; bikaba na none bigaragara ko ikirego cyatanzwe mu rwego rwa mbere, ku wa 06/08/2021, mbere y’uko cyamunara ku mutungo UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975, ari byo uhagarariye BK Plc Me Jean Bosco Rusanganwa avuga yisobanura kuri uko gutsindwa ku mpamvu zinyuranye, ko byasuzumwe gusa n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, mu by’ukuri atari byo. Iyo ngingo ikaba yarasobanuwe mu buryo bumwe n’Urukiko rubanza mu gutsindwa kwa BK Plc kuko Urukiko rwasanze ubwabyo na byo bitabuza ko ingwate UPI:1/03/10/01/3975 yavuzwe yaguzwe muri cyamunara na Gashumba Emmanuel ikwiye gusubizwa Gate Hills Estate Ltd kuko bigaragara ko ibijyanye na cyamunara atari byo biburanwa muri uru rubanza, kandi ibintu bigomba gusubira uko byari bimeze mbere y’iyo cyamunara yaguzwemo umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975. Urukiko rukaba rusanga ivanwaho rya cyamunara y’ingwate yaguzwe na Gashumba Emmanuel muri uru rubanza ku nzego zombi zabanje ritaragezwego nk’umwanzuro ku kirego kigamije gutesha agaciro cyamunara, ko ahubwo ryagezweho

## Page 19

nk’ingaruka z’ikirego Gate Hills Estate Ltd yareze isaba gusubizwa ingwate zitatangiwe inguzanyo zagombaga kwishingira hatitawe ku kumenya uko zari zisigaye zihagaze ku munsi w’icibwa ry’urubanza. Uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga rero nta gishya Gashumba Emmanuel yazanye ku cyaburanwaga muri uru rubanza, igishya kikaba cyarabaye gusa we muri uru rubanza, ariko uko kuba muri uru rubanza kwe kukaba ntacyo kwahinduye ku cyemezo cyari cyafashwe ku rwego rwa mbere cyo gutegeka isubizwa ry’ingwate zose zari zaratangiwe inguzanyo itararekuriwe yose Gate Hills Estate ndetse n’impamvu Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwari rwarashingiyeho icyo cyemezo. Byongeye kandi iki kirego kikaba ubu atari ubujurire bwa Gashumba Emmanuel ku kuba harafashwe icyemezo cy’uko n’ingwate yamaze kugura mu cyamunara iri mu zemejwe ko zigomba gusubizwa. Kuri icyo kibazo uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga BK Plc nabwo yaratsinzwe ku nzego zombi zabanje hashingiwe na none ku mpamvu zimwe.

[39] Nk’uko bimaze gusobanurwa harugurwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga inkiko zombi zabanje zarasobanuye kimwe impamvu z’ugutsindwa kwa BK Plc, ku bibazo byose byasuzumwe mu mizi byerekeranye no kumenya niba Banki ya Kigali yarishe amasezerano y’inguzanyo yagiranye na GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd; Gusuzuma niba hari igihombo Banki ya Kigali yateje GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ku buryo yakiryozwa; Gusuzuma niba Banki ya Kigali yategekwa gusubiza GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd ingwate zishamikiye ku nguzanyo itaratanzwe, harimo n’uwo ubaruye UPI: 1/03/10/01/3975 watanzweho ingwate y’inyongera na Gate Hills Estate Ltd nyuma ukanagurwa mu cyamunara na Gashumba Emmanuel. Bityo ubu bujurire BK Plc yatanze bukaba butagomba kwakirwa ngo busuzumwe hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iyo ngingo ya 52 igika cya 3 y’Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’inkiko yavuzwe haruguru.

 Ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’indishyi, ikurikiranarubanza n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa n’ababuranyi. [40] Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 04/01/2023, uhagarariye GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd n’aba Avoka bamwunganira bavuze ko n’ubwo batabisabye mbere y’isozwa ry’inama ntegurarubanza, ubu

## Page 20

basaba guhabwa na BK Plc 1.500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza na 3.000.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. [41] Me Rusanganwa Jean Bosco avuga ko ku bw’ibanze (à titre principal), iki kibazo cy’amafaranga asabwa na Gate Hills Estate Ltd kitagomba gusuzumwa kuko abayasaba ari bo batanze inzitizi ariko ntibayasabe nk’ikibazo (issue) bifuza ko cyazasuzumwa, ariko ko Urukiko ruramutse rubibonye ukundi rukabisuzuma kandi rugasanga bayakwiye rwabagenera atarenze 1.000.000 Frw akubiye hamwe ay’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [42] Ingingo ya 6, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko n° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibi bikurikira: “Ikiburanwa kigenwa n’ibisabwa na buri muburanyi. Ibisabwa bigaragarira mu myanzuro iregera urukiko n’imyanzuro yo kwiregura, bigashimangirwa burundu mu nama ntegurarubanza ku manza iteganyijwemo”. [43] Hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iyo ngingo y’Itegeko imaze kwibutswa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga ikibazo cy’amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza yasabwe na GATE HILLS ESTATE Ltd Plc mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 04/01/2023 nyuma y’isozwa ry’inama ntegurarubanza ku wa 07/12/2022, kitagomba kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe kuko cyatanzwe impitagihe nyuma y’isozwa ry’inama ntegurarubanza.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [44] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Bank of Kigali Plc butakiriwe kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire; [45] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’uru rubanza yatanzwe na Bank of Kigali Plc ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo.