UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BIZUMUREMYI N’ABANDI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BIZUMUREMYI N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-09-12 - Case/document no.: RPAA/GEN 00003/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. BIZUMUREMYI N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA/GEN 00003/2023/CA (Mukamurenzi, P.J.,) Ku wa 12 Nzeli 2025] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri 1994 – Icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside – Ubuhamya – Ihame ku birebana n’ubuhamya n’uko umutangabuhamya avuga mu Rukiko ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, Urukiko rwonyine nirwo rusuzuma mu bushishozi icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa, harebwe ububasha bw’Urukiko bwo gusuzuma mu bwigenge no mu bushishozi bwarwo ibimenyetso byose rwashyikirijwe, harebwe na none intego y’amategeko y’ibimenyetso (objectif du droit de la preuve) yo gushakisha ukuri, Inkiko zemera ibimenyetso biziguye (preuve indirecte) cyangwa ibimenyetso bishingiye ku mabwire iyo byizewe (preuve par ouï-dire), bivuze ko ari ihame ko ubuhamya butaziguye cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye bwemewe iyo bwizewe. Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ibimenyetso – Ihame ry’amategeko ribuza Urukiko guhindura ibivugwa mu bimenyetso byanditswe byatanzwe n’ababuranyi rwashingiyeho rufata icyemezo cyarwo, kuko byaba ari ukwirengagiza ukuri kubirimo cyangwa icyizere byari bifitiwe. Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ukwivuguruza mu buhamya – Ukwivuguruza mu buhamya, ntigufatirwa gusa ku magambo umutangabuhamya akoresha, cyangwa kudahuza neza imvugo mu gusobanura imigendekere y’ibyo atangira ubuhamya, icyangombwa ni uko ireme (substance) ry’ibyo avuga ridahinduka. Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Kwivuguruza mu tuntu duto – Kwivuguruza k’umutangabuhamya ku tuntu duto cyangwa kuba umutangabuhamya wabajijwe mu bihe bitandukanye yagira aho anyuranya ku bintu bito, si inenge yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, kuko harebwe igihe kiba gishize ibyo atangaho ubuhamya bibaye, bishoboka ko umutangabuhamya atakwibuka neza ibyo atangira ubuhamya. Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ibimenyetso – Kuba umuntu ataravuzwe mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca ntibikuraho uruhare rwe mu cyaha cya jenoside, igihe cyose ibimenyetso bigaragariye gikurikiranwa kuko kidasaza. Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Icyaha cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri 1994 – Kuba abaregwa icyaha cya jenoside barakurikiranywe nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yokorewe abatutsi ibaye ndetse n’inkiko Gacaca zararangije imirimo yazo, si inenge kuko igihe cyose habonetse ibimenyetso bigaragaza uruhare rw’uwayikoze arakurikiranwa, akaburanishwa n’inkiko, icyaha cyamuhama, akagihanirwa kuko jenoside ari icyaha kidasaza Incamake y’ikibazo: Ku wa 31/07/2020, mu Mudugudu wa Giheta, Akagali ka Cyambwe, Umurenge wa Musambira, Akarere ka Kamonyi, mu isambu ya Sengoga Berchmas habonetse umubiri bivugwa ko ari uwa Nkurunziza François wishwe mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. Mu iperereza hafashwe Bizumuremyi Maxis, Mutarindwa Jean Claude, Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Kizanye Liberata na Munyampundu Aimable, bakekwaho kugira uruhare mu iyicwa rye, maze, Ubushinjacyaha bubarega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, bubakurikiranyeho,

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icyaha cya jenoside n’icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside. Kizanye Liberata we bumurega icyaha cyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cya jenoside n’icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside. Abaregwa bose baburanye bahakana ibyaha baregwa bavuga ko batabyemera, bavuga ko ababashinje bababeshyera, basaba kurenganurwa. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwasanze hari ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bigizwe n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya batandukanye bigaragaza ko abaregwa bakoze icyaha baregwa. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwemeje ko Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Mutarindwa Jean Claude bahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside, rubahanisha igifungo cya burundu, runemeza ko Kizanye Liberata na Munyampundu Aimable bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cya jenoside, ruhanisha Kizanye Liberata igifungo cy’imyaka 20, naho Munyampundu Aimable rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 10. Urukiko rwemeje kandi ko abaregwa bose badahamwa n’icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside. Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Kizanye Liberata na Mutarindwa Jean Claude bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibi. Mu myanzuro yabo no mu miburanire bavuze ko barenganye kuko nta ruhare bagize mu iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François, kubera ko mu ikusanyamakuru ry’Inkiko Gacaca izina rye ritigeze rivugwa mu bantu biciwe aho bari batuye. Banavuga ko basanga impamvu bashinjwa urupfu rwe nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ibaye ari inzangano zo mu miryango. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite, maze ruhanisha Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien buri wese igifungo cy’imyaka 25, runemeza ko igifungo cy’imyaka 20 Kizanye Liberata yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kidahindutse. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje kandi ko Mutarindwa Jean Claude adahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside, rutegeka ko ahita arekurwa. Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata bajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, uwitwa Bizumuremyi Maxis avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha cya jenoside rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya batandukanye, rwirengagije ko zivuguruzanya, zirimo urujijo no gushidikanya, kandi ko zimurenganya kuko rwemeje ko bari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François nyamara mu ibazwa rye atarigeze yemera ko yabaye muri icyo gitero, bityo ko zidakwiriye kuba ikimenyetso gifite agaciro mu rubanza. Bizumuremyi Maxis avuga kandi ko bitumvikana uburyo nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ibaye, yashinjwa kwica umuntu wishwe mu 1994, Urukiko rukabishingiraho rukamuhamya icyaha cya jenoside, mu gihe ibyo ashinjwa na Uwase Marie Rose birimo urujijo, ndetse akaba ataranabirezwe muri Gacaca.

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Uwitwa Habimana Bazakura Laurien nawe yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko anenga Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha rwirengagije ko Uwase Marie Rose watanze ikirego nawe ubwe ashidikanya ku kuba umubiri wabonetse ari uwa nyakwigendera Nkurunziza François wishwe muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi. Me Hakizimana Albert wunganira mu mategeko abajuririye, yatanze ubujure mu izina rya Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata, avuga ko abo yunganira bahamijwe ibyaha hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’ubuhimbano, burimo urujijo no gushidikanya kwinshi, kandi ko inkiko zitibajije impamvu ibyo baregwa bitigeze bivugwa mu gihe cy'ikusanyamakuru, ngo bakurikiranwe n’lnkiko Gacaca. Me Hakizimana Albert wunganira abajuriye avuga ko Munyampundu Aimable abazwa mu Bugenzacya atigeze yemeza ko yari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François, kuko yavuze ko atari amuzi. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite, kuko batagaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza rwajuririwe, ko ibyo bavuga ko inkiko zashingiye ku buhamya bukwiye kugaragarira buri wese ko ari ubuhimbano bugamije kubafungisha ku maherere, nta kimenyetso babitangira, ko ari amagambo. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko ibyo bireguza bavuga ko umubiri wabonetse ushobora kuba utari uwa Nkurunziza François nta gaciro bikwiye guhabwa, kuko kuba warabonetse kure yaho yiciwe byatewe n’uko iyo bicaga abatutsi bahishaga imirambo kugira ngo bitazamenyekana ko hari abiciwe mu gace bari batuyemo. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha akomeza avuga ko iby’ubuhamya bwa Munyampundu Aimable byasobanuwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, kandi ko nta bimenyetso bagaragaza bivuguruza ibyo yavuze abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ko yari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François. Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibyo banenga Urukiko Rukuru ko rwashingiye ku mvugo za Habimana Joseph zivuguruzanya nta shingiro bifite, kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwagaragaje ko ku myaka 80 afite, kuba hari aho yivuguruje mu buhamya yatanze, ari utuntu duto tutabutesha agaciro, kuko nyuma y’imyaka 26 ibyo atangaho ubuhamya bibaye, ashobora kutagira ibyo yibuka, ko igikuru ari uko atibagiwe icyari kigenderewe cy’ibyo yabonye mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François, ndetse akavuga n’abamwishe. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko ku byo abajuriye n’ubunganira bavuga ko bashinjwa ibinyoma ngo kuko batigeze bavugwa mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca, nta shingiro bikwiye guhabwa, bityo ko kuba batararezwe muri Gacaca, bakaba baregwa nyuma y’igihe kinini jenoside ibaye, bitabakuraho uruhare bagize mu cyaha baregwa, kuko jenoside ari icyaha kidasaza, igihe cyose ibimenyetso bibonekeye abayikoze bakurikiranwa mu nkiko zibifitiye ububasha. Mu iburanisha ry’urubanza habanje gusuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha busaba kutakira ubujurire bwabo kubera ko batsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko iyo nzitizi nta shingiro ifite; bityo rutegeka ko iburanisha ry’urubanza mu mizi rikomeza.

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Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko Ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, ubwa Habimana Bazakura Laurien n’ubwa Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite. Ku bw’ibyo urubanza RPA GEN/Min 00001/2022/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibi, ku wa 06/04/2023 rukaba rugumanye agaciro karwo. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ihame ku birebana n’ubuhamya n’uko umutangabuhamya avuga mu Rukiko ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, Urukiko rwonyine nirwo rusuzuma mu bushishozi icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa, harebwe ububasha bw’Urukiko bwo gusuzuma mu bwigenge no mu bushishozi bwarwo ibimenyetso byose rwashyikirijwe, harebwe na none intego y’amategeko y’ibimenyetso (objectif du droit de la preuve) yo gushakisha ukuri, Inkiko zemera ibimenyetso biziguye (preuve indirecte) cyangwa ibimenyetso bishingiye ku mabwire iyo byizewe (preuve par ouï-dire), bivuze ko ari ihame ko ubuhamya butaziguye cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye bwemewe iyo bwizewe. 2. Ihame ry’amategeko ribuza Urukiko guhindura ibivugwa mu bimenyetso byanditswe byatanzwe n’ababuranyi rwashingiyeho rufata icyemezo cyarwo, kuko byaba ari ukwirengagiza ukuri kubirimo cyangwa icyizere byari bifitiwe. 3. Ukwivuguruza mu buhamya, ntigufatirwa gusa ku magambo umutangabuhamya akoresha, cyangwa kudahuza neza imvugo mu gusobanura imigendekere y’ibyo atangira ubuhamya, icyangombwa ni uko ireme (substance) ry’ibyo avuga ridahinduka. 4.Kwivuguruza k’umutangabuhamya ku tuntu duto cyangwa kuba umutangabuhamya wabajijwe mu bihe bitandukanye yagira aho anyuranya ku bintu bito, si inenge yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, kuko harebwe igihe kiba gishize ibyo atangaho ubuhamya bibaye, bishoboka ko umutangabuhamya atakwibuka neza ibyo atangira ubuhamya. 5. Kuba umuntu ataravuzwe mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca ntibikuraho uruhare rwe mu cyaha cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi muri 1994, igihe cyose ibimenyetso bigaragariye gikurikiranwa kuko kidasaza. 6. Kuba abaregwa icyaha cya jenoside barakurikiranywe nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yokorewe abatutsi ibaye ndetse n’inkiko Gacaca zararangije imirimo yazo, si inenge kuko igihe cyose habonetse ibimenyetso bigaragaza uruhare rw’uwayikoze arakurikiranwa, akaburanishwa n’inkiko, icyaha cyamuhama, akagihanirwa kuko jenoside ari icyaha kidasaza. Ubujurire nta shingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, n’ingingo ya 62, iya 65 n’iya 119. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA/Gén 00002/2018/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Twahirwa Francois rubanza RPAA/Gén 00002/2018/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/7/2023;

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Urubanza RPAA 0117/07/CS rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt. Biziyaremye Jean-Baptiste na Cpl. Ngabonziza Faustin. Rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/09/2010; Urubanza RPA/GEN 00001/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Twagirayezu Wenceslas, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 31/07/2024; Urubanza RPA/GEN 00005/2021/CA – CBM RPA/GEN 00006/2021 rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Iyamuremye Jean Claude bakunze kwita Nzinga CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 13/12/2024.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 31/07/2020, mu gihe cya saa saba z’amanywa, mu Mudugudu wa Giheta, Akagali ka Cyambwe, Umurenge wa Musambira, Akarere ka Kamonyi, mu isambu ya Sengoga Berchmas habonetse umubiri bivugwa ko ari uwa Nkurunziza François wishwe mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. Mu iperereza hafashwe Bizumuremyi Maxis, Mutarindwa Jean Claude, Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Kizanye Liberata na Munyampundu Aimable, bakekwaho kugira uruhare mu iyicwa rye. [2] Iperereza rirangiye, Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, bukurikiranyeho Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Mutarindwa Jean Claude na Munyampundu Aimable, icyaha cya jenoside n’icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside. Kizanye Liberata we bumurega icyaha cyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cya jenoside n’icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside. Abaregwa bose baburanye bahakana ibyaha baregwa bavuga ko batabyemera, ko ababashinje bababeshyera, basaba kurenganurwa. [3] Mu rubanza RP/MIN 00099/2021/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 06/05/2022, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwasanze hari ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bigaragaza ko abaregwa bakoze icyaha baregwa bigizwe n’imvugo za Uwase Marie Rose, iza Munyampundu Amable yavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha, ubuhamya bwa Sibomana Hyacinthe bakunze kwita Gapiri, imvugo za Nyirabahenda Triphonie, iza Mukampfizi Sylveria n’iza Karambizi Sevelin bita Macari. [4] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso, rwemeje ko Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Mutarindwa Jean Claude bahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside, rubahanisha igifungo cya burundu, runemeza ko Kizanye Liberata na Munyampundu Aimable bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cya jenoside, ruhanisha Kizanye Liberata igifungo cy’imyaka 20, naho Munyampundu Aimable rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 10. Urukiko rwanemeje ko abaregwa bose badahamwa n’icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye jenoside. [5] Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Kizanye Liberata na Mutarindwa Jean Claude bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibi. Mu myanzuro yabo no mu miburanire bavuze ko

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barenganye kuko nta ruhare bagize mu iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François, kubera ko mu ikusanyamakuru ry’Inkiko Gacaca izina rye ritigeze rivugwa mu bantu biciwe aho bari batuye. Banavuga ko basanga impamvu bashinjwa urupfu rwe nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ibaye ari inzangano zo mu miryango. [6] Mu rubanza RPA GEN/Min 00001/2022/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe ku wa 06/04/2023, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite, ruhanisha Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien buri wese igifungo cy’imyaka 25, runemeza ko igifungo cy’imyaka 20 Kizanye Liberata yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere kidahindutse. Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje kandi ko Mutarindwa Jean Claude adahamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside, rutegeka ko ahita arekurwa. [7] Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata bajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA/GEN 00003/2023/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku itariki ya 14/05/2025, abaregwa bose bunganiwe na Me Hakizimana Albert, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Nkusi Faustin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Mu iburanisha ry’urubanza habanje gusuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha busaba kutakira ubujurire bwabo kubera ko batsinzwe mu nkiko zibanza hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe. Ku wa 30/05/2025, mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko iyo nzitizi nta shingiro ifite; rutegeka ko iburanisha ry’urubanza mu mizi rikomeza. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 11/07/2025, abajuriye n’ubunganira bitabye Urukiko, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Siboyintore Jean Bosco, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Bizumuremyi Maxis avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha cya jenoside rushingiye ku mvugo za Uwase Marie Rose, rwirengagije ko zirimo ugushidikanya ku kuba umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo ari uwa musaza we wo kwa nyina wabo witwaga Nkurunziza François, ndetse mu gihe cy’ikusanyamakuru iryo zina rikaba ritaravuzwe mu bantu biciwe mu Giheta. Anavuga ko Urukiko rwashingiye ku mvugo za Habimana Joseph kandi zivuguruzanya, ku za Munyampundu Aimable n’iza Hategekimana Ignace rubitirira ibyo batavuze, no kuza Mukampfizi Sylverie kandi atera urujijo mu byo avuga. Avuga kandi ko iyo rukora isesengura ryimbitse, rugaha agaciro imiburanire ye y’uko ibyo bamurega ari ibihimbano, rwari kubona ko ibyo bashinjwa nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside ibaye atari ukuri, kuko ntawigeze amurega muri Gacaca cyangwa ngo ayo makuru bari bafite ku muntu yishe bayatange mu ikusanyamakuru. [10] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Habimana Bazakura Laurien nawe avuga ko anenga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha rwirengagije ko Uwase Marie Rose watanze ikirego nawe ubwe ashidikanya ku kuba umubiri wabonetse ari uwa Nkurunziza François wishwe muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, kuko uwo mubiri yari yarawubonye mu murima wabo ntiyamenya nyirawo, arongera arawushyingura atabibwiye ubuyobozi, ndetse n’inkiko Gacaca zitangiye gukora ntiyatanga amakuru. Ikindi anenga urubanza ni uko Urukiko Rukuru rwahaye agaciro imvugo za Habimana Joseph kandi mu mvugo ze yivuguruza ku wakubise Nkurunziza François ubuhiri no ku hantu yiciwe, ko ibyo avuga iyo biza kuba ari ukuri kandi yarabibonye yari kuba yarabivuze muri Gacaca nk’umuntu wari inyangamugayo, ko yagaragaje ko amushinja kubera ko bapfa imitungo, ariko Urukiko Rukuru ntirwabiha agaciro. Mu bujurire bwe kandi avuga

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ko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha rushingiye ku byo Munyampundu yemera, nyamara mu byo yemeye hatarimo igitero cyishe Nkurunziza François, ndetse hakaba hari n’imvugo yitiriwe Hategekimana Ignace kandi ibyo yavuze ari ibyo yabwiwe na Uwase Marie Rose. [11] Me Hakizimana Albert nawe yatanze ubujure mu izina rya Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata, avuga ko abo yunganira bahamijwe ibyaha hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’ubuhimbano, burimo urujijo no gushidikanya kwinshi, ko inkiko zitibajije impamvu ibyo baregwa bitigeze bivugwa mu gihe cy'ikusanyamakuru, ngo bakurikiranwe n'lnkiko Gacaca; ko kuba abatangabuhamya baricecekeye kugeza mu 2020 umubiri ubonetse byari kugaragarira Urukiko ko ubuhamya batanga atari ukuri, kuko nta n’ikimenyetso kidashidikanywaho kigaragaza ko umubiri wabonetse ari uwa Nkurunziza François wishwe mu 1994, ko bitanumvikana uburyo umuntu bivugwa ko yiciwe mu Mugomero yasangwa mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose waje gutanga ikirego.

[12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite, kuko batagaragaza inenge ziri mu rubanza, cyangwa amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa urukiko nk’uko biteganganywa n’ingingo ya 183 agace ka 6 y’Itegeko No 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ko ibyo bavuga ko inkiko zashingiye ku buhamya bukwiye kugaragarira buri wese ko ari ubuhimbano bugamije kubafungisha ku maherere, nta kimenyetso babitangira, ko ari amagambo. Anavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zuzuzanya ndetse zihuriza ku kuba Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Bizumuremyi Maxis barabaye mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François nyuma yo guhuruzwa na Kizanye Liberata. [13] Mu rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira : a.Kumenya niba kuba amakuru ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François ataratanzwe muri Gacaca byatuma habaho gushidikanya ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose ari uwe, n’uko abajuriye bagize uruhare mu kumwica; b.Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku mvugo za Munyampundu Aimable n’iza Hategekimana Ignace rubitiriye imvugo batavuze; c.Kumenya niba imvugo za Habimana Joseph zitaragombaga gushingirwaho kuko yivuguruza ku bijyanye n’uwishe Nkurunziza François n’aho yiciwe; d.Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarirengagije ko kuba Bizumuremyi Maxis na bagenzi be batararezwe muri Gacaca ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko nta ruhare bagize muri jenoside by’umwihariko mu rupfu rwa Nkurunziza François.

II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Kumenya niba kuba amakuru ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François ataratanzwe muri Gacaca byatuma habaho gushidikanya ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose ari uwe, n’uko abajuriye bagize uruhare mu kumwica

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[14] Bizumuremyi Maxis avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cya jenoside hashingiwe ku kirego cya Uwase Marie Rose, nyamara ibyo avuga ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo ari uwa musaza we wo kwa nyina wabo witwa Nkurunziza François wishwe muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi bishidikanywaho. Akomeza avuga ko ubwo Uwase Marie Rose yabazwaga n’Ubugenzacyaha yivugiye ko nyumva ya jenoside, ubwo barimo bubaka mu isambu y’iwabo, bahabonye umubiri atamenye nyirawo, awereka abaturanyi be, arangije arongera arawushyingura atabimenyesheje ubuyobozi, ndetse n’inkiko Gacaca zitangiye ntiyatanga amakuru kugeza ubwo uwo mubiri wongeraga kuboneka mu isambu yabo ku wa 31/07/2020; ko icyo gihe ari bwo yatangiye kuvuga ko ari uwa Nkurunziza François. Anavuga ko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zishingirwaho nazo zirimo urujijo ruterwa n’uko aho bavuga basanze uwo mubiri hatandukanye cyane no mu Mugomero bavuga yiciwe, ndetse n’izina rye rikaba ritarigeze rivugwa muri Gacaca no mu bantu biciwe mu Giheta muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994. [15] Habimana Bazakura Laurien avuga ko icyo anenga urubanza ari uko Urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha cya jenoside rushingiye ku mvugo za Uwase Marie Rose kandi zishidikanywaho, ko amurega kwica umuvandimwe we Nkurunziza François, kandi ataramwiboneye amwica, kuko avuga ko ari amakuru yahawe na Karambizi Sevelin bahimba Macari, uturanye n’aho uwo mubiri wabonetse, na we uvuga ko yabibwiwe n’umugore we Mukampfizi Siliveriya, nyamara uyu na we mu mvugo ze yivuguruza, kuko abazwa yabanje kuvuga ko atatanga amakuru atazi neza, ariko akomeje kubazwa avuga ko yababonye mu gitero cyirukankanaga Nkurunziza François kigana mu Mugomero aho yiciwe. [16] Akomeza asobanura ko Uwase Marie Rose yivugiye ko yabonye umubiri mu isambu yabo mu 1999 akawushyingura nta buyobozi abibwiye, bikaba bitumvikana uburyo uwo mubiri wari kuba ari uwa musaza we ntabe yarabimenyesheje ubuyobozi ngo ushyingurwe mu cyubahiro, cyangwa atange amakuru mu ikusanyamakuru, ubwo Gacaca yari itangiye; ko asanga ahubwo we n’abaturanyi be barabonye nta bisobanuro bafite by’uwo mubiri wabonetse mu isambu yabo nyuma y’imyaka 26, bawitirira Nkurunziza François, maze babarega kumwica bababeshyera kugira ngo haboneke ibisobanuro byawo. [17] Avuga kandi ko ubuhamya bwa Munyampundu Aimable nabwo butagombaga gushingirwaho mu kumuhamya icyaha kuko imvugo ze yazipangiye hamwe na Habimana Joseph babisabwe na Uwase Marie Rose, byongeye kandi harebwe intera iri hagati y’aho umubiri wabonetse n’aho bivugwa icyaha cyakorewe ku Mugomero harimo intera igera ku bilometero 2, bikaba rero bitari gushoboka kwicira umuntu ku Mugomero, ngo nyuma umubiri we uboneke mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase, uretse ko banagenda bivuguruza ku hantu yaba yariciwe. [18] Kizanye Liberata avuga ko nyakwigendera Nkurunziza François ashinjwa kuba yaravugirije induru atari amuzi, uretse kumva izina, ndetse akaba atumva impamvu ibyo Habimana Joseph na Munyampundu Aimable bamushinje batigeze babivuga mu gihe cy’ikusanyamakuru. Anavuga ko atari no kubasha kwirukankana umuntu nta ntege afite, kuko icyo gihe yari yarabyaye impanga ari ku kiriri ari wenyine, umugabo yaramutaye, ko atari no gutuma Munyampundu Aimable kandi batarumvikanaga. [19] Me Hakizimana Albert wunganira abajuriye avuga ko iyo urukiko rusesengura neza, rwari kubona ko ubuhamya bwatanzwe badasobanura neza uko ibintu byagenze, kuko hatagaragajwe uruhare rwa buri muntu, ko abatangabuhamya babajijwe batari no kwizerwa mu gihe ibyo bavuga

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ku rupfu rwa Nkurunziza François wishwe mu 1994 babicecetse kugeza umubiri ubonetse mu 2020; byongeye ko bo basanga nta kimenyetso kidashidikanywaho kigaragaza ko umubiri wabonetse ari uwe, kuko bitumvikana uburyo umuntu yiciwe mu Mugomero umubiri we ukajyanwa mu isambu y’iwabo w’ubarega. [20] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko atabona icyo Bizumuremyi Maxis na bagenzi be banenga imvugo za Uwase Marie Rose, kuko nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabisobanuye mu gika cya 18, yatanze amakuru ashingirwaho mu gukora iperereza, ndetse n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwakoze iperereza haboneka ibimenyetso bihamya ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu yabo ari uwa Nkurunziza François n’uko abaregwa bagize uruhare mu kumwica. [21] Anavuga ko ibyo bireguza bavuga ko umubiri wabonetse ushobora kuba utari uwa Nkurunziza François nta gaciro bikwiye guhabwa, kuko kuba umubiri warabonetse kure yaho yiciwe byatewe n’uko iyo abadongo (umuryango w’abajuriye bicaga abatutsi bahishaga imirambo kugira ngo bitazamenyekana ko hari abiciwe mu gace bari batuyemo. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [22] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba hari ugushidikanya ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose ari uwa Nkurunziza François, abajuriye baregwa kwica muri jenoside yakorewe abatusi mu 1994. [23] Ikibazo cyo kumenya icyizere imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zifitiwe ku buryo zashingirwaho nk’ikimenyetso gifatika mu rubanza, cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza No RPAA/Gén 00002/2018/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/7/2023. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasesenguriye hamwe ibyateganywaga n’ingingo ya 62, iya 65 n’iya 119 z’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo212, rusanga zumvikanisha ko ihame ku birebana n’ubuhamya ari uko umutangabuhamya avuga mu Rukiko ibyo yiboneye cyangwa ibyo yumvise mu buryo butaziguye, ko Urukiko rwonyine rusuzuma mu bushishozi icyizere cyangwa ireme bukwiye guhabwa. Ryumvikanisha kandi ko harebwe ububasha bw’Urukiko bwo gusuzuma mu bwigenge no mu bushishozi bwarwo ibimenyetso byose rwashyikirijwe, harebwe na none intego y’amategeko y’ibimenyetso (objectif du droit de la preuve) yo gushakisha ukuri, Inkiko zemera ibimenyetso biziguye (preuve indirecte) cyangwa ibimenyetso bishingiye ku mabwire iyo byizewe (preuve par ouï-dire), bivuze ko ari ihame ko ubuhamya butaziguye cyangwa ubuhamya buziguye bwemewe iyo bwizewe3.

1 Mu rubanza haragenda handikwa Urukiko Rukuru

2 Ibyo izo ngingo zateganyaga bihura n’ibyo ingingo yaya 2, agace ka i, (ii), 53 n’iya 87 z’Itegeko n° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso ziteganya.

3 Reba igika cya 68 cy’urubanza RPAA/Gén 00002/2018/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/7/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Twahirwa Francois.

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[24] Mu gika cya 18 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze imvugo za Uwase Marie Rose zishingira ku byo yabwiwe n’abatangabuhamya batandukanye ku mikorere y’icyaha, zigomba kumvikana nk’amakuru yashingiweho mu gushaka ibimenyetso bihamya abaregwa ibyaha. Naho mu gika cya 27, Urukiko Rukuru rusanga ibyo abaregwa bavuga ko nta kigaragaza ko umubiri wabonetse mu kibanza cyubakwagamo ari uwa Nkurunziza François kuko n’aho wabonetse hatandukanye n’aho bivugwa yiciwe nta shingiro bifite, kuko byari kumvikana ku cyaha cyo guhisha ibimenyetso bya jenoside batahamijwe, cyane ko n’iyo uwo mubiri utaza kuboneka bitari kubakuraho uruhare mu iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François. [25] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko Uwase Marie Rose abazwa n’Ubugenzacyaha yavuze ko yabwiwe na Karambizi Sevelin bahimba Macari, ko umugore we avuye kuvoma yamubwiye ko yabonye Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na 11 Munyampundu Aimable bari mu gitero cyiciye umuntu ku mugomero, ko ayo makuru yaje asanga andi makuru yari yarahawe na Mukamana y’uko hari musaza we biciye mu Mugomero, maze ayo makuru ayahuza n’uko hari musaza we wo kwa nyina wabo witwa Nkurunziza François babuze ubwo yari aje ahungiye iwabo, n’umubiri babonye mu isambu yabo, barakurikirana bamenya ko abo bagabo bavuze ari bo bari mu gitero cyamwiciye mu Mugomero mu isambu ya Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurent kuko hose ari mu masambu yabo.

[26] Dosiye irimo kandi imvugo za Habimana Joseph na we abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha wavuze ko yabonye Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien birukankana Nkurunziza François bamwicira mu Mugomero bamukubise ubuhiri nyuma yo guhuruzwa na Kizanye Liberata, ko bamaze ku mwica bamuteruye bakamushyira mu giti cy’umusave bakagenda. [27] Mukampfizi Sylveria nawe abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko ubwo yari avuye kuvoma, yabonye Munyampundu Aimable yirukankana Nkurunziza François ahura na Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien bitwaje ubuhiri birukanka bagana mu Mugomero aho bamwiciye; ko amakuru y’uko ariho yiciwe bahoraga bayabwirwa na Kizanye Liberata n’umukobwa we Mukamana, uyu akaba yaragiye no kubibwira Uwase Marie Rose. [28] Sibomana Innocent alias Gapiri nawe abazwa yavuze ko uwitwa Nkurunziza François yaguye mu mudugudu wa Giheta mu Mugomero mu isambu yo kwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, ariko ko bari baranze gutanga amakuru kuko n’inteko y’urukiko Gacaca rwabagamo abayobyaburari, bakanga gutanga amakuru kugira ngo bahishire abantu bo muri Giheta. Anavuga ko Kizanye Liberatha yajyaga avuga ko abagabo babo basaziye muri Gereza naho abadongo bidegembya aribwo yavugaga ko hari umuntu biciye mu Mugomero, abivuga muri rusange, bakajya bamubuza kubivuga. [29] Iby’uko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose ari uwa Nkurunziza François byanatanzweho ubuhamya na Sibomana Hycente ubwo yabazwagwa mu iperereza ry’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, aho yavuze ko abamwishe batamenyekanye ariko yumva bavuga ko abishe Nkurunziza François ari Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien. Hategekimana Ignace na we atanga ubuhamya yavuze ko Uwase Marie Rose yababwiye ko uwo mubiri ari uwa musaza we kandi ko Kizanye Liberata yahoraga yigamba ko azi abamwishe.

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[30] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta kosa ryakozwe n’urukiko Rukuru rwemeza ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose ari uwa Nkurunziza François n’uko Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien, na Kizanye Liberata bagize uruhare mu rupfu rwe, kuko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zihuriza ku kuba Nkurunziza François yariciwe mu Mugomero mu gitero barimo, Habimana Joseph we akaba anavuga ko yabiboneye bamwica, nyuma bakamuterura bakamushyira mu giti cy’umusave. Ibyo bavuga rero ko hari ugushidikanya ko uwo mubiri ari uwe ngo kuko wabonetse kure y’aho bavuga yiciwe bikaba na byo nta shingiro bifite, kuko batagaragaza ikimenyetso kibivuguruza, cyangwa ngo bagaragaze ko imibiri y’abatutsi bishwe muri jenoside yagombaga gushyingurwa byanze bikunze aho biciwe. Bityo kuba umubiri wa Nkurunziza warabonetse ahandi hantu hatari mu Mugomero yiciwe bikaba atari impamvu yatuma ubuhamya bwemeza ko umubiri wabonetse ari uwe bushidikanywaho. [31] Urukiko rurasanga kuba izina rya Nkurunziza François ritaravuzwe mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca mu bantu biciwe mu Giheta, nabyo atari impamvu yatuma ubuhamya bwatanzwe bushidikanywaho, kuko Nkurunzinza François, by’umwihariko, yashoboraga kutavugwa mu batutsi biciwe mu kagari ka Giheta kuko atari umuturage waho, amakuru ye akaba yaravuzwe ubwo umubiri we wabonekaga mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose. Uyu akaba yaratanze amakuru, hakorwa iperereza hakaboneka abatangabuhamya bemeza ko uwo mubiri ari uwe, bakanavuga ko yishwe n’igitero cyarimo Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Munyampundu Aimable nyuma yo guhuruzwa na Kizanye Liberata ubwo yari ahaje ashaka ubuhungiro. Abatangabuhamya Habimana Joseph, Munyampundu Aimable, Mukampfizi Sylverie na Sibomana Innocent bita Gaperi bakaba baravuze ko abayobozi ba Gacaca bababuzaga gutanga amakuru y’ibyabaye, ko na Uwase Marie Rose na Sibomana Hycente bagiye gutanga amakuru ku by’iyicwa rya Nkurunziza, uwari umuyobozi wa Gacaca mu Giheta akabima ijambo. [32] Urukiko rurasanga ibivugwa na Kizanye Liberata ko atari kubasha kuvugiriza umuntu induru, kubera ko yari yarabyaye afite intege nke n’uko atari gutuma Munyampundu Aimable kandi batumvikana, nta shingiro bifite kuko abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha, yivugiye ko yajyaga mu bitero byo gusahura4. Bivuze ko yasohokaga, kandi atari kunanirwa kuvuza induru. [33] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga impamvu y’ubujurire ishingiye ku kuba hari ugushidikanya ko umubiri wabonetse mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose ari uwa Nkurunziza François wishwe muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu 1994 abajuriye babigizemo uruhare, nta shingiro ifite. 2.Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku mvugo za Munyampundu Aimable n’iza Hategekimana Ignace rubitiriye imvugo batavuze. [34] Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko bari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François rushingiye ku mvugo Munyampundu Aimable yavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha nyamara mu ibazwa rye atarigeze yemera ko yabaye muri icyo gitero, ko icyo yemeye abazwa ari uruhare yagize mu iyicwa ry’abana babiri b’abahungu bo kwa Kanyemera bari bahungiye kwa Gasigwa n’umugore we Ikizanye Liberata, naho aburana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye avuga ko Nkurunziza atamuzi, atigeze amubona. Basaba ko byasuzumwa

4 Reba igisubizo cya 23 mu nyandiko mvugo yo mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 22/08/2020/

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kuko mu byo Munyampundu Aimable yireze akanabisabira imbabazi hatarimo igitero cyishe Nkurunziza François. [35] Banavuga ko ubuhamya bw’uwitwa Hategekimana Ignace Urukiko Rukuru rutabufashe uko yabuvuze mu iperereza ry’Urukiko Rwisumbuye aho yarubwiye ko Uwase Marie Rose yabasanze aho bubakaga akababwira ko ku mazu yagurishijwe habonetse umubiri kandi ko Kizanye Liberata yigamba ko ari uwa musaza we wo kwa nyina wabo, ko n’abamwishe abazi, ariko Urukiko rubishingiraho rwemeza ko ari Hategekimana Ignace wabivuze, nyamara we atabashinja, ahubwo yarasubiraga mu mvugo za Uwase Marie Rose. [36] Me Hakizimana Albert wunganira abajuriye avuga ko Munyampundu Aimable abazwa mu Bugenzacya atigeze yemeza ko yari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François, kuko yavuze ko atari amuzi, ndetse nk’umuntu warekuwe agahita atoroka, imvugo ze zitagombaga gushingirwaho nk’ikimenyetso kidashidikanywaho. [37] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iby’ubuhamya bwa Munyampundu Aimable byasobanuwe mu gika cya 19 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, kandi ko nta bimenyetso bagaragaza bivuguruza ibyo yavuze abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ko yari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François ari kumwe n’abantu barimo Habimana Bazakura Laurien, Sibomana wari umushoferi na Pierre wari umushumba wabo, ko bamwirukanseho bamutsinda hepfo yo kwa Habimana Laurien, yicwa na Pierre, Habimana Laurien, Sibomana n’umuhungu wo kwa Sekamana wahunze ntiyahunguka.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [38] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku mvugo za Munyampundu Aimable zo mu Bugenzacyaha nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko yari kumwe na Bizimungu Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François kandi ntabyo yigeze avuga no kumenya niba Urukiko rwaritiriye Hategekimana Ignace imvugo zavuzwe na Uwase Marie Rose. [39] Ikibazo nk’iki cyakemuwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA/Gén 00002/2018/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Twahirwa Francois. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’ubujurire rwavuze ko ihame ry’amategeko ribuza Urukiko guhindura ibivugwa mu bimenyetso byanditswe byatanzwe n’ababuranyi rwashingiyeho rufata icyemezo cyarwo, kuko byaba ari ukwirengagiza ukuri kubirimo cyangwa icyizere byari bifitiwe5. Muri urwo rubanza, uru Rukiko rwasanze mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo ku rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byamuka imbibe rwarakoze amakosa yo guhindura imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, rubavugisha ibyo batavuze, maze rwemeza ko urubanza rujuririrwa rutagombaga gushingira ku mvugo zahinduwe6.

5 Reba igika cya 37 cy’urubanza RPAA /Gén 00002/2018/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na TWAHIRWA Francois rwaciwe ku wa 6 Reba igika cya 45 cy’urwo rubanza.

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[40] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 19 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwavuze ko Munyampundu Aimable abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko yari mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François ari kumwe na Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Bizumuremyi Maxis, ko bamwirukanseho bamutsinda hepfo yo kwa Habimana Laurien, yicwa na Pierre, Habimana Laurien, Sibomana n’umuhungu wo kwa Sekamana wahunze ntiyahunguka. [41] Mu gika cya 22, Urukiko Rukuru ruvuga ko imvugo za Munyampundu Aimable n’iza Habimana Joseph zisobanura mu buryo bwumvikana uruhare rwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, Kizanye Liberata na Habimana Bazakura Laurien mu iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François, kuko zihuriza ku kuba Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Bizumuremyi Maxis barabaye mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François nyuma yo guhuruzwa na Kizanye Liberata. [42] Munyampundu Aimable abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 22/08/2020 yavuze ko yemera ibyaha aregwa, asobanura ko yagiye ajya mu bitero byo guhiga no kuvumbura abatutsi aho babaga bihishe, ko yabaga ari kumwe n’abantu benshi barimo Kizanye Liberata, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Bizumuremyi Maxis n’abandi. Yavuze ko Kizanye Liberata yavugije induru avuga ngo bamutabare akanyenzi ko kwa Kanyemera kamuteye, bamwirukankaho, yicwa n’igitero cyarimo Habimana Bazakura Laurien. Yanavuze ko yari no mu gitero cyishe umuhungu w’uwitwa Mathias nyuma y’uko Kizanye yasabye ko bamumukurira aho, baramushorera yicirwa mu Kagarama, nyuma y’uko amwambuye isaha yari yambaye. Mu mvugo ze agaragaza ko Bizumuremyi Maxis we yagize uruhare mu iyicwa ry’umuntu wiciwe ku Mugomero mu isambu y’iwabo, ariko ko atamubonye kuko igitero cyamwishe atari akirimo, ko yabyumvise nyuma jenoside ikirangira kuko bari barabihishe, ariko ko amazina ye yamenyekanye ari uko umubiri we ubonetse. [43] Aburana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, Munyampundu Aimable yireguye avuga ko urupfu rwa Nkurunziza François ataruzi, atanamubonye, ko iby’urupfu rwe byabazwa Bizumuremyi Maxis kuko umubiri wasanzwe hepfo y’urugo rwe. Yanavuze ko yumvaga bavuga ko Mukamana na Kizanye ari bo bazi amakuru ye, ngo kuko Mukamana ari we wabwiye Uwase Marie Rose ko musaza we yiciwe mu Mugomero. [44] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusesenguye imvugo za Munyampundu Aimable, rurasanga avuga ko igitero yagiyemo ari icyishe umwana wo kwa Kanyemera n’igitero cyishe umuhungu wo kwa Mathias. Mu mvugo ze hagaragaramo kandi ko hari umuntu wiciwe ku Mugomero mu isambu y’iwabo wa Bizumuremyi Maxis, uyu abigizemo uruhare, akanavuga ko atamenye amazina y’uwo muntu kuko atari mu gitero cyamwishe. Aburana mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga yavuze ko Nkurunziza François atamuzi, atigeze amubona, ko iby’urupfu rwe byabazwa Bizumuremyi Maxis.

[45] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo guhindura imvugo za Munyampundu Aimable rumwitirira ko abazwa mu Bushinjacyaha yemeye ko yari kumwe na Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François. Bityo iyo mvugo yitiriwe ikaba itaragombaga gushingirwaho nk’ikimenyetso gihamya ko yari kumwe n’abajuriye muri icyo gitero kandi ntabyo yavuze. [46] Urukiko rw’ubujurire rurasanga ariko ibyo bitabakuraho uruhare bakigizemo kuko imvugo ze ku byerekeye umuntu wiciwe mu Mugomero zishimangira imvugo za Habimana Joseph, n’iza

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Mukampfizi Sylveria, bemeza ko babonye Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Bizumuremyi Maxis mu gitero cyiciye Nkurunziza François mu Mugomero. [47] Ku byerekeye ubuhamya bwa Hategekimana Ignace, nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 21, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze imvugo ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François zishyigikirwa n’imvugo za Mukampfizi Sylveria wavuze ko igihe musaza wa Uwase Marie Rose yicwaga yumvise Kizanye Liberata na Victoire bakomera ngo nguwo nguwo, abona Habimana Laurien, Bizumuremyi Maxis na Munyampundu Aimable biruka bagana ku Mugomero, ndetse n’ibyo Sibomana Innocent alias Gapiri na Hategekimana Ignace bavuze ko Kizanye Liberatha yahoraga avuga ko azi ibijyanye n’iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François. [48] Hategekimana Ignace atanga ubuhamya mu iperereza ry’Urukiko Rwisumbuye yavuze ko amakuru y’umubiri wa Nkurunziza atatanzwe muri Gacaca, ko ahubwo Bagarirayose yaguze kwa Sengoga; aje gusiza bagwa kuri uwo mubiri, Uwase Rose aza kubareba nk’umuturanyi w’aho hantu, ababwira ko hari umubiri wa nyirarume ubonetse, ko amakuru yatanzwe kwa Gitifu, na we abibwira RIB bucya baza kuwutwara, nyuma muri iyo minsi batwara abantu barimo Maxis na Bazakura. Yanavuze ko Uwase yari yababwiye ko Mukamana umukobwa wa Kizanye yari yaramubwiye ko musaza we yaje iwabo, gusaba amazi, nyina aramuhururiza, bajya kumwica. Avuga kandi ko Nkurunziza bamwiciye mu Mugomero, ariko uburyo yagejejwe aho bamukuye nko muri kilometero ebyiri n’igice byabaye ibanga ry’abamwishe, kuko batamenye uko yageze muri icyo kibanza7. [49] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta buhamya Urukiko Rukuru rwitiriye Hategekimana Ignace, kuko rwasesenguye ibyo yavuze abibwiwe na Uwase Marie Rose, rubihuza n’ibyavuzwe n’abandi batangabuhamya by’uko umubiri wabonywe ari uwa Nkurunziza François n’uko Kizanye Liberata yahoraga yigamba ko azi abamwishe, rubiheraho rwemeza ko umubiri wabonetse ari uwa Nkurunziza François wishwe muri jenoside, kandi ibyo bikaba atari ikosa. 32.Kumenya niba imvugo za Habimana Joseph zitaragombaga gushingirwaho kuko yivuguruza ku bijyanye n’uwishe Nkurunziza François n’aho yiciwe 3.Kumenya niba imvugo za Habimana Joseph zitaragombaga gushingirwaho kuko yivuguruza ku bijyanye n’uwishe Nkurunziza François n’aho yiciwe. [50] Bizumuremyi Maxis avuga ko ibyo Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze rumuhamya icyaha cya jenoside rushingiye ku mvugo za Habimana Joseph zivuguruzanya bitamuha ubutabera, ahubwo bimurenganya, kuko imvuzo ze zitera urujijo zidakwiriye kuba ikimenyetso gifite agaciro mu rubanza. Asobanura ko Habimana Joseph yabajijwe inshuro ebyiri n’Ubugenzacyaha arangwa no kwivuguruza, kuko hamwe avuga ko yabonye umuhungu we Habimana bazakura akubita Nkurunziza François ubuhiri, ahandi akavuga ko ari we wabumukubise, akavuga yiciwe mu Mugomero, ubundi akavuga ko yiciwe munsi y’urugo ruto rwa Gasigwa Pantaleon mu Mudugudu wa Giheta, kandi ari ahantu hatandukanye harimo intera, uretse ko n’ibyo avuga hatari kubura undi muntu ubibona kuko hari mu rusisiro hatuye abantu benshi. [51] Akomeza avuga ko Urukiko rwari rukwiye kwibaza impamvu Habimana Joseph wari Perezida w’urukiko Gacaca ku rwego rw’ubujurire rw’Akagali ka Cyambwe atabaye mu ba mbere batanga amakuru ku rupfu rwa Nkuruziza François, akarindira kuyatanga inkiko Gacaca zarasoje imirimo yazo ari uko umubiri ubonetse. Asaba uru Rukiko kuzabona ko ubuhamya bwe

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bwateguwe na Uwase Marie Rose kugira ngo abashinje abarenganya kubera inzangano yagiranaga na se kuko yamenye ubwenge abona batumvikana, bafungishanya, ko nawe batigeze bumvikana. [52] Habimana Bazakura Laurien we avuga ko ibyo Habimana Joseph amushinja ari ibinyoma, kuko iyo biza kuba ukuri aba yarabivuze mu ikusanyamakuru ubwo yari inyangamugayo muri Gacaca na Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwa Cyambwe, cyangwa akaba yaratanze ubuhamya ubwo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwajyaga gukora iperereza iwabo kuko yari ahari. [53] Akomeza avuga ko mu mvugo za Habimana Joseph yavuze ibintu bitandukanye, kuko ubwa mbere abazwa ku wa 01/09/2020, yavuze ko ubwo yari agiye mu rutoki rwe mu Mugomero, yamubonye mu gitero cyari kigiye kwica Nkurunziza François, amubona amukubita ubuhiri yari afite, maze Bizumuremyi aramusonga aramwica, yongeye kubazwa ku wa 7/2/2021, avuga ko igitero cyishe Nkurunziza François cyamuvanye ku rugo rukuru rwa Gasigwa Pantaléon, bamujyana munsi y’urugo rwe ruto aho umubiri wabonetse, ko Bizumuremyi Maxis ari we wamukubise ubuhiri, maze we aramusonga. Avuga ko izo mvugo ze zirimo kwivuguruza ku muntu wakubise nyakwigendera ubuhiri hagati ye na Bizumuremyi, akanivuguruza ku hantu yiciwe. [54] Anavuga ko kuba imvugo ze zivuguruzanya byagombaga gutuma Urukiko Rukuru ruzitesha agaciro, kuko kuzishingiraho ari ukwirengagiza ko ibyo avuga iyo biza kuba ari ukuri yari kuba yarabivuze mbere hose n’uwo mubiri utaraboneka, ko asanga ibyo urukiko rwemeje ko nk’umusaza ufite imyaka 80 ashobora kwibagirwa cyangwa kwibeshya ku bintu byabaye hashize imyaka 26, bibarenganya kuko bitabaha ubutabera, kandi bikaba bitumvikana uburyo umuntu wari inyangamugayo, Perezida w’Urukiko Gacaca yari kwibagirwa ibyo yabonye ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François. Yongeraho ko yagaragarije Urukiko Rukuru ko we na se Habimana Joseph bafitanye amakimbirane ashingiye ku mitungo y’ubutaka n’inzu ya nyina na mukuru we bapfuye, ko ubwo yari atangiye gukurikirana iyo mitungo, ari bwo yatangiye kumushinja ibinyoma kugira ngo azahere muri gereza abone uko ayigarurira ariko ntirwabiha agaciro. [55] Me Hakuzimana Albert wunganira abajuriye avuga ko mu gihe Habimana Joseph yari Perezida w’Urukiko Gacaca atigeze avuga ku by’iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François n’ababigizemo uruhare, ndetse yaba we n’abandi batangabuhamya bakaba bavuga ahantu hatandukanye yiciwe, ndetse hakaba hatarasobunuwe uburyo baba baramutsinze ku Mugomero, nyuma bakamuterura bakamujyana mu isambu y’iwabo wa Uwase Marie Rose iri mu birometero 2; ibi bikaba byaragombaga gusuzumwa, urukiko rukabona ko imvugo zabo zidahura. [56] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibyo banenga Urukiko Rukuru ko rwashingiye ku mvugo za Habimana Joseph zivuguruzanya nta shingiro bifite, kuko Urukiko Rukuru rwagaragaje ko ku myaka 80 afite, kuba hari aho yivuguruje mu buhamya yatanze, ari utuntu duto tutabutesha agaciro, kuko nyuma y’imyaka 26 ibyo atangaho ubuhamya bibaye, ashobora kutagira ibyo yibuka, ko igikuru ari uko atibagiwe icyari kigenderewe cy’ibyo yabonye mu gitero cyishe Nkurunziza François, ndetse akavuga n’abamwishe. [57] Anavuga ko kuba ibyo Habimana Joseph abashinja atarabivuze mu gihe yari Perezida w’urukiko Gacaca, nabyo bitatuma ibyo yavuze abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha bikemangwa, kuko icyo kibazo cyasuzumwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, rugaragaza ko yavuze ko yahoranaga ipfunwe ryo kuba atarabivuze; naho ibyo bavuga ko abashinja kubera inzangano n’amakimbirane bafitanye, byo bikaba nta shingiro bifite.

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[58] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko Habimana Joseph atari gutanga ubuhamya ababeshyera kuko umwe ari umwana we, undi akaba umwuzukuru we, kandi akaba atari we wenyine ubashinja kuko banashinjwa na Munyampundu Aimable na Mukampfizi Sylveria, kandi uyu bakaba batarigeze bagaragaza ko hari icyo bapfaga. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [59] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zigamije kumenya niba hari ikosa ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu kwemeza ko ukwivuguruza kwa Habimana Joseph kutatesha agaciro imvugo ze no kumenya niba ibyo avuga atari ukuri kubera ko ubwo yari inyangamugayo muri Gacaca atatanze amakuru ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François. [60] Ibyerekeye ikibazo cyo kwivuguruza k’umutangabuhamya cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe ku wa 17/09/2010, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt. Biziyaremye Jean-Baptiste na Cpl. Ngabonziza Faustin. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko ukwivuguruza mu buhamya, kudafatirwa gusa ku magambo umutangabuhamya akoresha, cyangwa kudahuza neza imvugo mu gusobanura imigendekere y’ibyo atangira ubuhamya, ko icyangombwa ari uko ireme (substance) ry’ibyo avuga ridahinduka8. [61] Ku byerekeranye no kwivuguruza ku tuntu duto k’umutangabuhamya cyangwa kuvuguruzanya hagati y’abatangabuhamya ku tuntu duto, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire narwo rwabigarutseho mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko zirimo urubanza RPA/GEN 00001/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 31/07/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Twagirayezu Wenceslas9, mu ziheruka hakaba harimo urubanza RPA/GEN 00005/2021/CA – CBM RPA/GEN 00006/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 13/12/2024 haburana ubushinjacyaha na Iyamuremye Jean Claude bakunze kwita Nzinga106. Muri izo manza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeje ko kwivuguruza k’umutangabuhamya ku tuntu duto cyangwa kuba umutangabuhamya wabajijwe mu bihe bitandukanye yagira aho anyuranya ku bintu bito, atari inenge yatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, kuko harebwe igihe kiba gishize ibyo atangaho ubuhamya bibaye, bishoboka ko umutangabuhamya atakwibuka neza ibyo atangira ubuhamya. [62] Ibyo kudatesha agaciro ubuhamya kubera ko umutangabuhamya yivuguruje ku tuntu duto, bigaragara kandi mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’inkiko mpuzamahanga nk’Urukiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR), nko mu rubanza rwa Bikindi Simon, aho urwo Rukiko rwasanze bitewe n’igihe kinini kiba gishize hagati y’igihe umutangabuhamya atangiye ubuhamya n’igihe ibikorwa atangiye ubuhamya byakorewe, ukwivuguruza ku tuntu dutoya k’umutangabuhamya cyangwa hagati y’abatangabuhamya bidashobora gutesha agaciro ubuhamya11. [63] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 25 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze kuba Habimana Joseph abazwa bwa mbere n’Ubushinjacyaha yaravuze ko Habimana Bazakura Laurien yakubise Nkurunziza François igihiri yari afite yikubita hasi, Bizumuremyi Maxis nawe agahita amusonga akamwica, yongeye kubazwa akavuga ko Bizumuremyi Maxis ari we

10 Reba igika cya 57 cy’urwo rubanza.

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wamukubise ubuhiri, Habimana Bazakura Laurien akamusonga, bidatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe cyangwa ngo bikureho uruhare rwa buri wese muri ubu bwicanyi, kuko nk’umusaza ufite imyaka igera kuri 80, byoroshye kwibeshya nyuma y’imyaka irenga makumyabiri n’itanu (25) ibyo avuga yabonye bibaye. [64] Habimana Joseph abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 01/09/2020 yavuze ko mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa 5/ 1994, ubwo yari mu rutoki yabonye ahitwa mu Mugomero abantu berekera ku rugo rwa Kizanye Liberata abantu barimo Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Bizumuremyi Maxis barimo bagenda basunika n’igitutu cyinshi Nkurunziza François, ko bamumanuye bageze munsi y’urugo ruto rwa Gasigwa Pantaléon ruhana imbibi no kwa Sengoga, umuhungu we Habimana Bazakura Laurien amukubita ubuhiri yikubita hasi, Bizumuremyi Maxis ahita amusonga, baramuterura bamushyira mu giti cy’umusave kiri ku rubibi rwa Gasigwa na Karambizi barangije bamutaho barataha. Yanavuze ko ari Kizanye wamuhururije igitero cyamwishe ubwo yajyaga kumusaba amazi yo kunywa. Yanavuze ko mushiki wa nyakwigendera yagiye gutanga amakuru uwitwa Hategekimana Théogѐne yanga kuyakira kandi ari we wari umuyobozi w’Urukiko Gacaca rwa Giheta, ko nabo yababuzaga gutanga amakuru, akanabaheza [65] Ubwo Habimana Joseph yongeraga kubazwa ku wa 07/02/2023, nabwo yavuze ko ubwo yari agiye mu rutoki, yabonye igitero kirimo Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Munyampundu Aimable kigeze ku irembo rya Kizanye Liberata wamwirukanye ubwo yari agiye kumusaba amazi yo kunywa, cyirukankana Nkurunziza François kimwicira mu Mugomero haruguru yo kwa Macari. Yavuze ko abantu bamwishe ari Bizumuremyi Maxis wamukubise ubuhiri, naho umuhungu we Habimana Laurien bita Bazakura aramusonga, ko Munyampundu Aimable yari kumwe nabo kuko yari mu bamwambuye imyenda ahita ayambara. [66] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru rwabisobanuye, kuba ibyo Habimana Joseph yivugurujeho ari utuntu duto tutatesha agaciro ubuhamya bwe, bigaragazwa n’uko mu mabazwa ye yombi ativuguruje ku bijyanye n’uko Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien bombi bari mu gitero, bafite ubuhiri, n’uko bombi bakoze igikorwa cyo gukubita Nkurunziza François ubuhiri, kuba yarivuguruje ku wabanje kumukubita ubuhiri n’uwamusonze bikaba ntacyo bihindura ku ireme ry’ubuhamya yatanze. [67] Uru Rukiko runasanga ibyo bavuga ko yivuguruza ku hantu nyakwigendera yiciwe kuko hamwe avuga ku Mugomero haruguru yo kwa Macari, ubundi akavuga ko yiciwe munsi y’urugo kwa Gasigwa Pantaléon mu Mudugudu wa Giheta, nabyo bidatesha ireme ubuhamya bwe kuko ubuhamya bwatanzwe bugaragaza ko Nkurunziza François yishwe avuye kwa Kizanye Liberata, umugore wa Gasigwa Pantaéon ubwo yari agiye kumusaba amazi, igitero kikamwirukankana agana mu Mugomero. Ibi bikaba binemezwa n’umutangabuhamya Mukampfizi Syliveria uvuga ko ubwo yari avuye kuvoma yumvise Kizanye akomera, maze igitero kirimo Munyampundu Aimable, Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Laurien kirukanka Nkurunziza François agana mu Mugomero, aho yiciwe. Nk’uko byumvikana mu mvugo zabo, aho hantu haregeranye, kuko n’abajuriye bavuga ko harimo intera iri hagati ya kilometero imwe kugera kuri ebyiri. Kuba rero yakwitiranya aho igitero cyatangiriye n’aho yiciwe, bikaba bitatesha ireme ibyo atangaho ubuhamya nyuma y’imyaka 26 bibaye. [68] Ku bijyanye no kuba ibyo Habimana Joseph abashinja atarabivuze mu ikusanyamakuru ry’inkiko Gacaca, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga kuba ataratanze amakuru ku iyicwa rya

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Nkurunziza François mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca cyangwa ngo ajye gutanga ubuhamya mu Rukiko, bidatuma imvugo ze zishidikanywaho, kuko mu nyandiko mvugo ye yagaragaje ko uwitwa Hategekimana Théogѐne wari umuyobozi w’Urukiko Gacaca rwa Giheta yababuzaga gutanga amakuru ku byabaye muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, ko na mushiki wa Nkurunziza François yagiye kuyatanga akanga kumwumva127. [69] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusanga kuba nabwo Habimana Joseph ataratanze ubuhamya mu Rukiko kandi yari ahari, nabyo bidatesha agaciro imvugo ze, kuko nta kigaragaza ko yatanzwe nk’umutangabuhamya ngo yanjye kwitaba urukiko. Byongeye kandi, ibyo yavuze mu ibazwa rye abihurizaho na Mukampfizi Siliveriya, wabwiye Urukiko ko Kizanye Liberata yamwibwiriye ko Nkurunziza François yaje iwe akamuhururiza n’uko yishwe na Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura, ko no muri Gacaca byari bigiye kuvugwa bakabizinzika. [70] Urukiko rw’ubujurire runasanga ibyo Bizumuremyi Maxi avuga ko sekuru Habimana Joseph amushinja kubera inzangano ziri mu muryango wabo naho Habimana Bazakura Laurien akavuga ko se amushinja kubera imitungo ya nyina na mukuru we ashaka kwigarurira, nabyo nta shingiro bifite, kandi uretse kongera kugarura icyo kibazo ntibagaragaza icyo banenga ibyo Urukiko Rukuru rwasubije mu gika cya 28 kuri icyo kibazo, by’uko inzangano bavuga nta shingiro zifite kuko Habimana Joseph atari we wenyine ubashinja. 4.Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarirengagije ko kuba Bizumuremyi Maxis na bagenzi be batararezwe muri Gacaca ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko nta ruhare bagize muri jenoside by’umwihariko mu rupfu rwa Nkurunziza François [71] Bizumuremyi Maxis avuga ko bitumvikana uburyo nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ibaye, yashinjwa kwica umuntu wishwe mu 1994, Urukiko rukabishingiraho rukamuhamya icyaha cya jenoside, mu gihe ibyo ashinjwa na Uwase Marie Rose birimo urujijo, ndetse akaba ataranabirezwe muri Gacaca. Anavuga ko ibyo bavuga ko impamvu atarezwe ari uko yari umuyobozi w’akagari ka Giheta na se akaba umuyobozi w’umurenge nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba yari umuyobozi atariyo mpamvu yari gutuma ibyo yakoze muri jenoside bitavugwa, kuko hari abayobozi bakomeye bagiye bakurwa ku mirimo yabo bagakurikiranwa. [72] Akomeza avuga ko Munyampundu Aimable yamubeshyeye avuga ko yabazwa iby’urupfu rwa Nkurunziza François kuko umurambo wasanzwe mu isambu y’iwabo bitewe n’inzika umuryango wabo w’abatipfuna ubafitiye, kubera ko abenshi muri bo ari ba se wabo bafunze, kandi ubwo yari umuyobozi akaba yaragize uruhare mu kubafungisha, mu gihe umuryango wabo w’abadongo utigeze ukora ubwicanyi, ko abo mu muryango w’abatipfuna ari bo bamufungishije bihimura. [73] Habimana Bazakura Laurien asaba ko hasuzumwa imvugo z’abatangabuhamya kuko zitagaragaza ko bagize uruhare mu rupfu rwa Nkurunziza François kuko bagenda bivuguruza, kandi bakaba bataranabareze muri Gacaca.

12 Reba igisubizo cya 3 mu nyandikomvugo ya Habimana Joseph yo ku wa 1/9/2020

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[74] Kizanye Liberata avuga ko ibyo bamushinja bagombye kuba barabivuze mu ikusanya makuru rya Gacaca kuko yabaye ahari ahatuye, ko aregwa kubera inzangano ziri mu miryango yabo kuko bamwiciye umuntu. [75] Me Hakizimana wunganira abajuriye avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwagombaga kubona ko ibyo bashinjwa ari ibinyoma bigamije gufungisha abo yunganira kumaherere, kuko batigeze bashinjwa urupfu rwa Nkurunziza François kuva mbere hose no mu gihe cy’ikusanyamakuru ry’Inkiko Gacaca, none bakaba baregwa nyuma y’imyaka 26. [76] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku byo abajuriye n’ubunganira bavuga ko bashinjwa ibinyoma ngo kuko batigeze bavugwa mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca, nta shingiro bikwiye guhabwa, kuko atanga ubuhamya Habimana Joseph na Sibomana Hycente bagiye gutanga amakuru ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François babima ijambo, bityo ko kuba batararezwe muri Gacaca, bakaba baregwa nyuma y’igihe kinini jenoside ibaye, bitabakuraho uruhare bagize mu cyaha baregwa, kuko jenoside ari icyaha kidasaza, igihe cyose ibimenyetso bibonekeye abayikoze bakurikiranwa mu nkiko zibifitiye ububasha. [77] Anavuga ko ikibazo cyo kuba uregwa ataravuzwe muri Gacaca cyangwa mu ikusanyamakuru, kuba ataragaragaye ku rutonde rw’abaregwa muri Gacaca, nyuma ukaza kugarara, cyanavuzweho mu manza Mpuzamahanga ndetse hafatwamo umwanzuro, nko mu rubanza ICTR-2000-61-T rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Jean Baptiste Gatete, uvuga ko kuba Gatete Jean Baptiste ataravuzwe muri Gacaca ntacyo bimarira urukiko rumuburanisha; ko yumva n’uru Rukiko ibyo bavuga rutabiha agaciro. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [78] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Bizumuremyi Maxis na bagenzi be batari kuregwa icyaha cya jenoside nyuma y’imyaka 26 ibaye, kandi muri Gacaca nta wigeze abarega kuyigiramo uruhare. [79] bazo cyerekeye ababuranye biregura bavuga ko nta ruhare bagize muri jenoside bitwaje ko batavuzwe mu nkiko Gacaca cyagiye kigarukwaho mu manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Izo manza zikaba zirimo urubanza RPA/Gén 00001/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 31/7/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Twagirayezu Wenceslas. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasanze Urukiko Rukuru rwarivuguruje kuko nyuma yo kugaragaza ko kuba umuntu ataravuzwe mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca bitavuze ko nta ruhare yagize mu byaha aregwa, rutari kwemeza ko Twagirayezu Wenceslas byanze bikunze yari kuvugwa muri Gacaca ngo kubera ko Ubushinjacyaha bwamugaragaje nk’uwamamaye mu bikorwa n’inama zitegura jenoside13. [80] Mu rubanza RPA/GEN 00005/2021/CA – CBM RPA/GEN 00006/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 13/12/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Iyamuremye Jean Claude bita Nziga, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nabwo rwasanze kuba umutangabuhamya atarumvise Iyamuremye Jean Claude avugwa mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca ku byerekeye igitero cyo ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kicukiro atari ikimenyetso simusiga kigaragaza ko nta ruhare yagize mu bwicanyi bwakozwe n’icyo gitero14.

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[81] Uru Rukiko rurasanga umurongo uhuriweho n’izo manza ari uko kuba umuntu ataravuzwe mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca atari ikimenyetso cy’uko nta ruhare yagize mu byo akurikiranyweho yakoze muri jenoside mu gihe hari ibimenyetso. [82] Ibyo bikaba bihura n’ibyasobanuwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwashyiriweho u Rwanda mu rubanza rwa Gatete, aho rwasanze kuba izina rya Gatete ritaravuzwe mu manza za Gacaca nta gaciro byahabwa, kandi ko kwemeza gusa muri rusange ko umuntu uregwa nta ruhare yagize mu bintu byabaye kubera ko izina rye ritavuzwe mu zindi manza kwaba ari ukwibeshya15 . [83] Mu gika cya 27 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze ibyo abaregwa biregura bavuga ko bitumvikana uburyo bashinjwa iki cyaha ubu, kandi mu ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaca batarigeze bavugwa, nta shingiro byahabwa kuko kuba bataravuzwe muri Gacaca bitabakuraho uruhare rwabo mu cyaha cya jenoside, ko igihe cyose ibimenyetso bigaragariye gikurikiranwa kuko kidasaza. [84] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, ibyo abajuriye bavuga ko ibyo baregwa ku ruhare bagize mu iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François ari ibinyomoma, kuko batabivuze mu ikusamyamakuru n’uko baregwa kubera inzangano ziri hagati y’imiryango y’abadongo n’abatipfuna bagamije kwihimura, nta shingiro bifite kuko Habimana Joseph ubarega ari uwo mu muryango wabo w’abadongo, kandi nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru yagiye gutanga amakuru baramuheza, Mukampfizi Syveria avuga ko babizinzitse. Iby’uko mu gihe cy’ikusanyamakuru rya Gacaga amakuru ku iyicwa rya Nkurunziza François atatanzwe bitewe nabayiyoboraga, byanemejwe na Sibomana Hycente ubwo yabazwaga mu iperereza ry’Urukiko Rwisumbuye wa Muhanga, agaragaza ko ubwo yari abonye abaturage banze gutanga amakuru, yasabye ijambo asaba ko uwitwa Mukandamage Mariya agira icyo avuga, Hategekimana Théogѐne wari Perezida wa Gacaca akamubwira ngo abyihorerere kuko atarageza igihe cyo gutanga amakuru. [85] Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko umurongo watanzwe n’uru Rukiko wavuzwe haruguru ubigaragaza, ndetse n’Urukiko Rukuru rukaba rwarabigarutseho, kuba muri Gacaca Bizumuremyi Maxis na bagenzi be bataravuzweho uruhare bagize muri jenoside yakorewe abatutsi 1994, by’umwihariko mu rupfu rwa Nkurunziza François, atari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko nta ruhare babigizemo mu gihe hari ibindi bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho byagaragajwe haruguru. [86] Kuba kandi barakurikiranywe nyuma y’imyaka 26 jenoside yokorewe abatutsi ibaye ndetse n’inkiko Gacaca zararangije imirimo yazo, akaba atari inenge kuko nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 106 y’Itegeko NO 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, jenoside ari icyaha kidasaza. Bivuze ko igihe cyose habonetse ibimenyetso bigaragaza uruhare rw’uwayikoze arakurikiranwa, akaburanishwa n’inkiko, icyaha cyamuhama, akagihanirwa. Bityo iyi ngingo y’ubujurire nayo ikaba nta shingiro ifite. [87] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, ubwa Habimana Bazakura Laurien n’ubwa Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite. Ku bw’ibyo urubanza RPA GEN/Min 00001/2022/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibi, ku wa 06/04/2023 rukaba rugumanye agaciro karwo.

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III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [88] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bizumuremyi Maxis, Habimana Bazakura Laurien na Kizanye Liberata nta shingiro bufite. [89] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA GEN/Min 00001/2022/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibi, ku wa 06/04/2023 rudahindutse. [90] Rwemeje ko igifungo cy’imyaka 25 Bizumuremyi Maxis na Habimana Bazakura Laurien buri wese yahanishijwe kubera guhamwa n’icyaha cya jenoside kidahindutse. [91] Rwemeje ko igifungo cy’imyaka 20 Kizanye Liberata yahanishijwe kubera guhamwa n’icyaha cyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cya jenoside kidahindutse.