BPR BANK RWANDA Plc v. MUTUYIMANA N’UNDI

# BPR BANK RWANDA Plc v. MUTUYIMANA N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-11-28 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00011/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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BPR BANK RWANDA Plc v. MUTUYIMANA N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00011/2023/CA (Kamere, P.J.,) 28 Ugushyingo 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Cyamunara – Agaciro ka cyamunara – Umutungo wegukanywe muri cyamunara yakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko igumana agaciro kayo iyo nta rwego rubifitiye ububasha rwayitesheje agaciro. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwitwa Umuhoza Jean Claude yagiranye amasezerano y’iguriza na BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWAND Plc yahoze yitwa BPR Ltd, imuha inguzanyo ingana na 120.000.000Frw, nawe atanga ingwate y’imitungo itimukanwa irimo ubutaka, iyo nguzanyo ikaba yaragombaga kurangira kwishyurwa mu gihe cy’imyaka icumi (10), ariko uwahawe inguzanyo yaje kunanirwa kwishyura, maze banki isaba ko ingwate yahawe igurishwa mu cyamunara irabyemererwa, cyamunara iraba, ubwo butaka bugurwa na Duteteriwacu Norbert. Nyuma yo kugura ubwo butaka, Duteteriwacu Norbert yagiye kubwiyandikishaho, asanga bwanditse kuri Urayeneza Prudence n’umugore we Mutuyimana Providence, ababajije impamvu biyandikishijeho ubwo butaka kandi atari ubwabo, bamubwira ko babuguze muri cyamunara harangizwa urubanza RC 0010/16/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 24/06/2016, Nzayisenga Francis yaburanye na Umuhoza Jean Claude. B P R Plc yareze Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, irusaba gutegeka ko ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bahawe byateshwa agaciro kuko nta burenganzira bari bafite bwo kugura umutungo uri mu bugwate bwa banki. Mu nyungu z’ubutabera, Urukiko rwagobokesheje mu rubanza Umuhoza Jean Claude, Mukuzanyana Vestine bagiranye amasezerano y’ubugwate bw’umutungo uburanwa, na Duteteriwacu Norbert iyo Banki yagurishije uwo mutungo. Uburanira BPR Plc yavuze ko asanga nta mpamvu yo kubagobokesha muri urwo rubanza, naho uburanira Umuhoza Jean Claude na Mukuzanyana Vestine asaba ko bakurwa mu rubanza kuko nta muburanyi n’umwe wigeze asaba ko bahatirwa kurugobokamo. Nyuma yo kubisuzuma, urukiko rwafashe icyemezo cyo gukura mu rubanza Umuhoza Jean Claude, Mukuzanyana Vestine na Duteteriwacu Norbert. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na BPR Plc gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, bityo ko ibyangombwa by’umutungo byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence biteshejwe agaciro, maze rutegeka ko umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI:4/03/02/04/1249 wandukurwa kuri Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence. Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, banenga Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bavuga ko rutagombaga kwakira ikirego cya BPR Plc kuko yaregeraga umutungo itagifiteho uburenganzira namba kuko yari yarawikuyeho iwugurisha, bavuga kandi ko uwo mutungo bawuguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko muri cyamunara harangizwa urubanza RC 0010/2016/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko

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Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 24/06/2016 nyirawo yatsinzwe, kandi ko ubu uwo mutungo BPR Plc iburana uri mu bugwate bwa EQUITY BANK. Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bavuga kandi ko basaba Urukiko guhindura icyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS rwajuririwe, maze rukemeza ko ikirego cya BPR Plc kitagombaga kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe, basoza basaba indishyi zitandukanye. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwaciye urubanza maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence buhawe ishingiro, bityo ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse; ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigumanye agaciro kabyo. B P R Plc yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, irusaba gusuzuma niba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwaremeje ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigumanye agaciro kabyo bifite ishingiro, no gusuzuma ishingiro ry’indishyi zabagenewe. B P R Plc ivuga kandi ko isaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS rujuririrwa ivuyeho, maze hakagumaho imikirize y’urubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS ngo kuko ari yo yubahirije amategeko. Uhagarariye Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence yiregura kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ya BPR BANK RWANDA Plc avuga ko nta shingiro ifite, ngo kuko nta bubasha yari ifite bwo kujurira, kubera ko yari yariyambuye uburenganzira ku kiburanwa. Incamake y’icyemezo: Umutungo wegukanywe muri cyamunara yakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko igumana agaciro kayo iyo nta rwego rubifitiye ububasha rwayitesheje agaciro. Ubujurire nta shingiro.

Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo 260. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y′URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 22/05/2012 Umuhoza Jean Claude yagiranye amasezerano y’iguriza na BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc yahoze yitwa BPR Ltd, imuha inguzanyo ingana na 120.000.000 Frw, atanga ingwate y’imitungo itimukanwa irimo ubutaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249, iyo

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nguzanyo ikaba yaragombaga kurangira kwishyurwa mu gihe cy’imyaka icumi (10). Umuhoza Jean Claude yaje kunanirwa kwishyura, BPR Plc isaba ko ingwate yahawe igurishwa mu cyamunara irabyemererwa, maze cyamunara iraba ubwo butaka bugurwa na Duteteriwacu Norbert. [2] Nyuma yo kugura ubwo butaka, Duteteriwacu Norbert yagiye kubwiyandikishaho, asanga bwanditse kuri Urayeneza Prudence n’umugore we Mutuyimana Providence, ababajije impamvu biyandikishijeho ubwo butaka kandi atari ubwabo, bamubwira ko babuguze muri cyamunara harangizwa urubanza RC 0010/16/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 24/06/2016, Nzayisenga Francis yaburanye na Umuhoza Jean Claude. [3] BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc yareze Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, irusaba gutegeka ko ibyangombwa by’ubutaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bahawe byateshwa agaciro, ngo kuko nta burenganzira bari bafite bwo kugura umutungo uri mu bugwate bwa BPR Plc. [4] Mu nyungu z’ubutabera, Urukiko rwagobokesheje mu rubanza Umuhoza Jean Claude, Mukuzanyana Vestine bagiranye amasezerano y’ubugwate bw’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 uburanwa na BPR Plc, na Duteteriwacu Norbert iyo Banki yagurishije uwo mutungo. Uburanira BPR Plc yavuze ko iyo BANK isanga nta mpamvu yo kubagobokesha muri urwo rubanza, uburanira Umuhoza Jean Claude, Mukuzanyana Vestine asaba ko bakurwa mu rubanza ngo kuko nta muburanyi n’umwe wigeze asaba ko bahatirwa kurugobokamo, ko badashobora kwiregura mu mizi y’urubanza kandi batigeze babona imyanzuro y'ababuranyi ibisaba. Naho Duteteriwacu Norbert aburana avuga ko atagobotse muri urwo rubanza, ko n’ubwo BPR Plc yamugurishije uwo mutungo yajya kuwiyandikishaho agasanga wanditse ku Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence kandi yarahawe ibyangombwa byanditse kuri Mukuzanyana Vestine na Umuhoza Jean Claude, ariko ko yabimenyesheje BPR Plc yamugurishije umutungo utari uwayo, ikaba ari yo irimo gukurikirana icyo kibazo, bityo ko atifuje kuza mu rubanza, akaba asanga nta nyungu zo kumuzana muri urwo rubanza, ko yaba we cyangwa Umuhoza Jean Claude, Mukuzanyana Vestine bagombaga kugobokeshwa n’ababuranyi. Urukiko nyuma yo kubisuzuma rwafashe icyemezo cyo gukura mu rubanza Umuhoza Jean Claude, Mukuzanyana Vestine na Duteteriwacu Norbert. [5] Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bireguye bavuga ko umutungo wanditse kuri UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bawuguze mu cyamunara yakoreshejwe n’Umuhesha w’Inkiko witwa Semajambi Léon, harangizwa urubanza RC0010/16/TGI/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 24/06/2016 n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, kandi ko iyo cyamunara yemejwe n’icyemezo N°0059/017/TB/MUH cyo ku wa 22/05/2017 cyatanzwe na Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza. [6] Mu rubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 17/02/2022, rwemeje ko ikirego cyatanzwe na BPR Plc gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, ko ibyangombwa by’umutungo byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence biteshejwe agaciro, bityo rutegeka ko umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI:4/03/02/04/1249 wandukurwa kuri Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence.

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[7] Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ubujurire buhabwa RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS, banenga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rutagombaga kwakira ikirego cya BPR Plc, ngo kuko yaregeraga umutungo itagifiteho uburenganzira namba kuko yari yarawikuyeho iwugurisha, abawuguze bakaba baragobokeshejwe mu rubanza ikabyanga, ndetse ikananga ko n’uwo wari wanditsweho wawutanzeho ubugwate agobokeshwa mu rubanza, bagasobanura ko uwo mutungo bawuguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko muri cyamunara harangizwa urubanza RC 0010/2016/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 24/06/2016 nyirawo yatsinzwe, ko iyo BPR Plc ishaka kuwugaruza yari kuregera iseswa ry’iyo cyamunara, kandi ko kuri ubu uwo mutungo BPR Plc iburana uri mu bugwate bwa EQUITY BANK. Basoza basaba Urukiko guhindura icyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS rwajuririwe, maze rukemeza ko ikirego cya BPR Plc kitagombaga kwakirwa ngo gisuzumwe. Basoza basaba indishyi zitandukanye. [8] Uhagarariye BPR Plc yireguye avuga ko ubujurire bwa Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence nta shingiro bwahabwa, ngo kuko amasezerano y’ubugwate yari ifite kuri uwo mutungo yagombaga kurangira kuwa 05/06/2022, ko kuba atari yo yakoze ihererekanya ryawo cyangwa ubugure cyangwa ngo ibyemere, asanga byarakozwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Bityo ko ibyangombwa by’umutungo Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bahawe bigomba guteshwa agaciro nk’uko ibisaba, cyane ko ifite uburenganzira bwo gukurikirana ingwate yayo iri mu maboko y’umuntu wese (droit de suite). Isoza isaba indishyi zitandukanye. [9] Mu gufata icyemezo ku ngingo yari yajuririwe yerekeranye no kuba ikirego cya BPR PLC kitaragombaga kwakirwa, URukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwasanze BPR Plc yari ifite uburenganzira bwo kurega kuko yasubije amafaranga y’abari begukanye uwo mutungo muri cyamunara yakoresheje, ibyo bikaba byayihesha ububasha bwo kuregera uwo mutungo mu Nkiko; rwasanze kandi Mutuyimana Providence na Urayeneza Prudence uwo mutungo barawegukanye muri cyamunara yabayeho mu buryo bwubahirije amategeko harangizwa urubanza RC 0010/16/TGI/MUS, rubona ko BPR Plc itari yarandikishije ubwo bugwate mu bubitsi bw’inyandiko mpamo bw’ushinzwe ubutaka, bityo ko nta kuntu uwaguze yagerekwaho amakosa, ahubwo ayo makosa ari yo yabazwa PBR Plc n’uwo yari yahaye uwo mwenda. [10] Ku wa 16/03/2023, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwaciye urubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS, rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence buhawe ishingiro, ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse, ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigumanye agaciro kabyo, bityo rutegeka BPR Plc kubishyura 1.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zombi. [11] BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc kuri ubu yahindutse BPR BANK RWANDA Plc yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire urubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze ku wa 16/03/2023, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RCAA 0011/2023/CA. Mu mpamvu zayo z’ubujurire, isaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gusuzuma niba kuba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwaremeje ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigumanye agaciro kabyo bifite ishingiro, gusuzuma ishingiro ry’indishyi zingana na 1.000.000Frw zahawe

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Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence kandi BPR Plc yarareze ikurikiranye ingwate yayo. Isoza isaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence kuyiha indishyi zo ku nzego zose zingana na 4.000.000Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka na 2.000.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza kubera ko ari bo bayishoye muri izi manza bitari ngombwana, no kuyisubiza 110.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarana yatanze kuva uru rubanza rwatangira. [12] Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence mbere yo kwiregura ku bujurire bwa BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, bari batannze inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, bashingiye ku ngingo ya 52 igika cya 41, bavuga ko kuba ikiburanwa gifite agaciro kangana na 42.053.540 Frw, kakaba katagejeje kuri 75.000.000Frw ateganywa n’Itegeko, basanga ubu bujurire butagomba kwakirwa. Gusa urubanza rugeze mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 03/11/2025, iyi nzitizi abaregwa muri ubu bujurire barayiretse. Naho ku birebana n’ubujurire bwa BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, babwireguraho mu mizi bavuga ko nta shingiro bwahabwa, ngo kuko ikiburanwa kitakiri mu maboko yayo, ahubwo kiri mu maboko y’undi utari n’umuburanyi muri izi manza witwa Duteteriwacu Norbert, bityo ko ngo kuba BPR BANK RWANDA Plc yari yaramaze kwivanaho uburenganzira kuri icyo kiburanwa, ibyo biyambura ububasha bwo kurega. Bavuga kandi ko ibyangombwa bahawe ku mutungo ufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigomba kugumana agaciro kabyo kuko batigeze babyamburwa n’Itegeko. [13] Mu iburanisha ry’uru rubanza ryo ku wa 03/11/2025, ababuranyi bose baritabye, BPR BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe na Me Mubangizi Frank, naho Mutuyimana Providence na Urayeneza Prudence bahagarariwe na Me Munyarugero Gaspard, urubanza ruburanishwa mu mizi kuko inzitizi y’iburabubasha yari yatanzwe abayitanze babwiye Urukiko ko bayiretse, hasuzumwa ibibazo ababuranyi bemeranyijweho mu nama ntegurarubanza byerekeranye no (1) kumenya niba mu kwemeza ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigumanye agaciro kabyo ntacyo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwashingiyeho; (2) ishingiro ry’indishyi zingana na 1.000.000Frw BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc yategetswe guha Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence na (3) ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya Avoka no gusubizwa amagarama ababuranyi basaba. Isomwa ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 21/11/2025, ariko uwo munsi ryimurirwa ku wa 28/11/2025. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URU RUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO 1.Kumenya niba mu kwemeza ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 bigumanye agaciro kabyo ntacyo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwashingiyeho. [14] Me Mubangizi Frank, uhagarariye BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, avuga ko BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc yahaye Umuhoza Jean Claude na Mukuzanyana Vestine

1 Iyo ngingo ya 52 y’iryo tegeko ikaba iteganya ibi bikurikira: “Iyo icyaburanwe kitagenewe agaciro mu mafaranga mu manza zabanje, kigomba kuba gifite agaciro nibura kangana na 75.000.000Frw kagenwe n’umuhanga iyo bibaye ngombwaʺ.

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inguzanyo hanyuma bayiha ingwate y’umutungo ufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249, wandikwa mu bitabo byandikwamo ingwate mu biro by’Umwanditsi Mukuru kuva ku wa 24/05/2012, kandi ko icyo gihe wari mu mazina yabo. Asobanura ko Umuhoza Jean Claude na Mukuzanyana Vestine baje kunanirwa kwishyura iyo nguzanyo, maze iyo Banki igasaba Umwanditsi Mukuru (muri RDB) icyemezo cyo kugurisha iyo ngwate nk’uko ingingo ya 9 y’amasezerano y’iguriza yabiteganyaga kandi iragihabwa, ndetse ingwate iragurishwa. [15] Avuga ko Urayeneza Prudence yaje kumenya ko iyo ngwate yagurishijwe, yandikira Umwanditsi Mukuru amusaba gutesha agaciro raporo ya cyamunara, maze mu kumusubiza Umwanditsi Mukuru amubwira ko umutungo ufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 ari ingwate ya BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc kuva ku wa 24/05/2012, kandi ko mu gihe uwo mutungo wandikwaga mu bitabo byandikwamo ingwate wari wanditse kuri UMUHOZA Jean Claude na Mukuzanyana Vestine, ndetse ko ku bw’Itegeko umutungo uri mu bugwate uba ubaye umutungo ushinganye, bityo ko iyo Bank ari yo ifite uburenganzira mbere y’undi muntu uwo ari we wese, burimo ubwo kuwugurisha igihe uwahawe inguzanyo atishyuye. [16] Me Mubangizi Frank avuga ko nyuma yo kugurisha iyo ngwate hashingiwe ku cyemezo cy’Umwanditsi Mukuru, uwayegukanye yagiye kwiyandikishaho uwo mutungo yaguze ariko bikananirana kuko yasanze waranditswe kuri Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence, maze abimenyesha BPR Plc yawumugurishije nk’ingwate yayo, BPR Plc nayo ihita itanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, irusaba gutesha agaciro ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence kubera ko babihawe ku mutungo wari ukiri ingwate yayo. [17] Me Mubangizi Frank avuga ko mu isesengura Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwakoze mu gika cya 28 cy’urubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS, rwavuze ko rusanga ubugure bwose n’ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira byakozwe ku mutungo ufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 nyuma y’uko ushyirwa mu bugwate bwa BPR Plc ku wa 24/05/2012 bwagombaga kurangira ku wa 05/06/2022, bitakozwe na BPR Plc cyangwa ngo ibyemere byakozwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Rusanga uburyo Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence banditsweho uwo mutungo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo ko ibyangombwa by’umutungo bahawe bigomba guteshwa agaciro, nk’uko BPR Plc yareze ibisaba, kuko ifite uburenganzira bwo gukurikirana ingwate yayo mu maboko y’umuntu wese (droit de suite). [18] Me Mubangizi Frank akomeza avuga ko asanga mu gusuzuma ubujurire bwatanzwe na Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwarirengagije ibimenyetso byose byagaragajwe byerekana ko habaye uburiganya mu kugurisha ingwate ya BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc, aho mu gika cya 5 cy’urubanza RCOM 01649/2017/TC/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 15/02/2018, hagaragara uburiganya bwakozwe kuri uwo mutungo Me Nzayisenga Francis ahagarariye Umuhoza Jean Claude akavuga ko BPR Plc itagomba gushora Umuhoza Jean Claude mu manza kandi yarayihaye ingwate ibaruye kuri UPI:4/03/02/04/1249 igomba kugurisha ikiyishyura, mu gihe ku wa 30/06/2017 Me Nzayisenga Francis yasinye ku nyandikomvugo ko uwo mutungo ugurishijwe Urayeneza Prudence. Avuga ko ikindi kirengagijwe kigaragaza uburiganya bwakozwe kuri uwo mutungo ufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249, ari uko inyandikomvugo (P.V) ya cyamunara kuri uwo mutungo yakozwe ku wa 30/06/2017, mu gihe kopi y’urubanza rwarangizwaga Urukiko rwayitanze ku wa 07/08/2017, umuntu akaba yakwibaza icyo uwarangizaga urubanza yaba yarashingiyeho arurangiza. Ikindi

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kandi Me Mubangizi Frank avuga ngo ni uko igihe BPR Plc yamenyeshaga Umuhoza Jean Claude icyemezo cyo kugurisha ingwate (permit to sale) ku wa 06/12/2018, uwo mutungo wari ukiri mu mazina ya Umuhoza Jean Claude, nyuma y’aho ku wa 10/12/2018 aba ari bwo Urayeneza Prudence n’umugore we bawiyandikishijeho. Bityo ibyo byose bikaba byerekana ko uwo mutungo wagurishijwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n'Amategeko.

[19] Me Mubangizi Frank asoza avuga ko ikindi kigaragaza uburiganya ari uko abanditsweho umutungo uburanwa nyuma yo kubona ko barezwe, aho gutegereza icyemezo cy’Urukiko, bihutiye kujya kuwutangaho ingwate mu yindi Bank (Equity Bank), ndetse ubwo baburanaga mu Rukiko Rukuru bakaba baravuze ko kuri ubu uwo mutungo bawuhuje n’indi mitungo ku buryo wahinduriwe nomero, ibyo byose bikaba bigaragaza uburiganya bakoze. Ko ari yo mpamvu BPR BANK RWANDA Plc isaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko umutungo ufite UPI:4/03/02/04/1249 wandukurwa kuri Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ugakomeza kuba ingwate ya BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc ngo kuko uwo yari yawugurishije binyuze mu cyamunara yamusubije amafaranga ye. [20] Me Mubangizi Frank asobanura kandi ko kubera ko BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc yajuriye itarabona kopi y’urubanza, aho iyiboneye nyuma yasanze mu gika cya 27 cy’urubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwaravuze ko rusanga kuba BPR Plc itarandikishije ubwo bugwate mu bubitsi w’inyandiko mpamo bw’ushinzwe ubutaka, nta kuntu uwaguze yagerekwaho amakosa, ko ahubwo ari yo yabazwa ayo makosa hamwe n’uwo yari yahaye uwo mwenda, rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 40 n’iya 41 z’Iteka rya Minisitiri Nº 002/2008 rigena uburyo iyandikishwa ry’ubutaka rikorwa. Me Mubangizi Frank avuga ko ibi bisobanuro nta shingiro bikwiye guhabwa, ngo kuko uyiburanira yagaragarije Urukiko uburyo ingwate yandikishwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 4 y’Itegeko nº10/2009 ryo kuwa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa, ivuga ko byitwa ko ubugwate bufite agaciro iyo bwanditswe mu gitabo cyandikwamo ingwate ku mutungo utimukanwa mu biro by’Umwanditsi Mukuru. Ko Umwanditsi Mukuru w’ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi ari we Mwanditsi Mukuru w’ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa nk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 30 cy’urubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS. Kandi ko ibiteganywa n’iyo ngingo BPR Bank Rwanda Plc yabyubahirije, ngo kuko ingwate yandikishijwe mu biro by’Umwanditsi Mukuru, kandi ko mu gihe cy’iburanisha Urukiko rwagaragarijwe icyemezo cyo kwandikisha ingwate (Certificate for registration of Mortgage). [21] Me Mubangizi Frank avuga ko Urukiko rwanagaragarijwe ko ingingo ya 7 y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko umutungo utimukanwa umaze gushyirwa mu bugwate uba ubaye umutungo ushinganye, nk’uko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwabigarutseho mu gika cya 28 cy’urubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru. Bityo ko hashingiwe kuri ibi bisobanuro no ku kuba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwaretesheje agaciro imikirize y’urubanza RC00140/2020/TGI/MUS ariko rutagaragaje icyo runenga mu cyemezo cyafashwe muri urwo rubanza, cyane cyane ku birebana n’isesengura Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwakoze mu bika bya 28-30, Me Mubangizi Frank asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS rujuririrwa ivuyeho, bityo ko hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza RC 00140/2020/TGI/MUS ngo kuko ari yo yubahirije amategeko.

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[22] Me Munyarugero Gaspard uhagarariye Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence yiregura kuri iyi ngingo y’ubujurire ya BPR BANK RWANDA Plc avuga ko nta shingiro ifite, ngo kuko nta bubasha yari ifite bwo kujurira, kubera ko yari yariyambuye uburenganzira ku kiburanwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [23] Ikibazo gisuzumwa aha kirebana no kumva no gusuzuma ishingiro ry’imitekerereze y’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, yarugejeje ku kwemeza gukuraho ibyari byemejwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 biteshejwe agaciro, maze rwo rukemeza ko bigomba kugumana agaciro kabyo. [24] Dosiye igaragaza ko mu gika cya 27 cy’urubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS rwajuririwe ari ho Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, mu buryo buhinnye cyane rwasobanuye impamvu rwashingiyeho rwemeza mu gika cya 29 cyarwo gukuraho ibyari byemejwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ko ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 biteshejwe agaciro, maze rwo rukemeza ko bigomba kugumana agaciro kabyo. Muri icyo gika Urukiko Rukuru rwaragize ruti: “Uru rukiko rurasanga nta buriganya ku giti cyabo urukiko rwagaragarijwe bwatumye [Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence] bihesha ibyo byangombwa kubera ko baguze muri cyamunara yabayeho mu buryo bwubahirije amategeko harangizwa urubanza rwavuzwe haruguru. Rurasanga ahubwo kuba BPR PLC itarandikishije ubwo bugwate mu bubitsi w’inyandiko mpamo bw’ushinzwe ubutaka, nta kuntu uwaguze yagerekwaho amakosa; ahubwo ayo makosa akaba yabazwa BPR Plc n’uwo yari yahaye uwo mwenda”. [25] Uru Rukiko rurasanga umutungo BPR BANK RWANDA Plc isaba ko ibyangombwa biwuranga biteshwa agaciro ukandukurwaho Urayeneza Prudence n’umugore we Mutuyimana Providence aba barawuguze muri cyamunara harangizwa urubanza RC0010/16/TGI/MUS, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 24/06/2016, iyo cyamunara ikaba yarabayeho bitangiwe uruhushya n’icyemezo cy’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza gifite N° 0059/017/TB/MUH cyo ku wa 22/05/2017 cyatanzwe na Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ibanze rwa Muhoza ashyiraho umunsi wa cyamunara y’imitugo y’uwitwa Umuhoza Jean Claude harangizwa urwo rubanza. Uru Rukiko rukaba rusanga kugeza ubu BPR BANK RWANDA Plc nta kimenyetso yigeze itanga cy’uko iyo cyamunara yaba yarigeze iteshwa agaciro binyuze mu nzira iyo ari yo yose yemewe n’amategeko, kandi ibyo yaregeye muri uru rubanza kuva rwatangira mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bikaba bitandukanye no gusaba gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara. [26] Uru Rukiko rurasanga abantu bose BPR Bank Rwanda Plc ivuga ko baba baragize uburiganya bwatumye Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bandikwaho umutungo ku byangombwa isabira guteshwa agaciro batarigeze baba ababuranyi muri uru rubanza kuva rwatangira, ndetse n’amakosa iyi banki ishingiraho isaba uko guteshwa agaciro ikaba itayashinja abo irega ahubwo ikayagaragaza nk’inenge ibona mu ikorwa rya cyamunara yahesheje umutungo abo irega ubu, mu gihe nyamara icyo yaregeye atari ugutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara. [27] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga mu gihe cyamunara yahesheje umutungo Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence igifatwa nk’iyakozwe mu

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buryo bukurikije amategeko kuko nta rwego rubifitiye ububasha rwigeze ruyitesha agaciro, Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rwajuririwe ntaho rwari kubona rwashingira rutesha agaciro ibyangombwa byahawe abakomora umutungo kuri iyo cyamunara; bityo icyemezo cyarwo cyo kudatesha agaciro ibyo byangombwa kikaba kigomba kugumaho. [28] Abarega kuba baravuzwe haruguru, nyamara iyi cyamunara ikaba itarigeze iregerwa ngo iteshwe agaciro nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 260 CPCCSA ndetse no muri uru rubanza, urukiko rubanza rukaba rutarashatse kugira icyo ruyivugaho, bakaba basanga bararenganyijwe kuko umutungo waguzwe muri cyamunara udashobora gukurwa kuwa wuguze mu gihe iyo cyamunara itateshejwe agaciro. [29] Uru Rukiko ariko ntirwemeranya n’ibyavuzwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ko kuba BPR PLC itarandikishije ubugwate bwayo mu bubitsi bw’inyandiko mpamo bw’ushinzwe ubutaka, nta kuntu uwaguze yagerekwaho amakosa ko ahubwo ayo makosa yabazwa BPR Plc n’ uwo yari yahaye uwo mwenda, kuko rusanga ibintu nk’ibi uretse no kuba bitagaragarizwa aho rwabishingiye rubyemeza, nta n’ubwo byagombaga gusuzumirwa mu rubanza nk’uru rutaregewemo ibyo gutesha agaciro icyamunara, ngo runahamagazwemo nk’ababuranyi abagize uruhare bose mu ikorwa ry’iyo cyamunara.

2.Gusuzuma ishingiro ry’indishyi zingana na 1.000.000Frw BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc yategetswe guha Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence [30] Me Mubangizi Frank, uhagarariye BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwategetse BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc guha Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence indishyi zingana na 1.000.000 Frw ntaho rushingiye, ngo kuko ku rwego rubanza yabareze ikabatsinda, bakaza kujuririra icyemezo Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwafashe. Asobanura ko kuba kugeza ubu BPR Bank Rwanda Plc ikurikirana ingwate yayo yagurishijwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kandi ikaba ibifitiye uburenganzira bituma itagombaga gucibwa indishyi. Asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gukuraho izo ndishyi yategetswe kwishyura mu rubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS rujuririrwa. [31] Me Munyarugero Gaspard, uhagarariye Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence, yiregura avuga ko izi ndishyi BPR BANK RWANDA Plc yagombaga gutegekwa kuziha Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence, kubera ko ari yo yashoye imanza kandi nta bubasha yari ifite bwo gukurikirana uru rubanza, kandi ko ibyangombwa by’umutungo uburanwa babihawe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [32] Ikibazo gisuzumwa ni icyo kumenya impamvu Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwategetse BPR BANK RWANDA Plc kwishyura Mutuyimana Providence na Urayeneza Prudence amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 Frw), no kumenya niba iyo mpamvu ifite ishingiro. [33] Dosiye igaragaza ko mu gika cya 30 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwasobanuye ko indishyi (amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka)

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abajuriye (Mutuyimana Providence na Urayeneza Prudence) baciwe (n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze) zigomba kuvaho, ahubwo abajuriye bakaba bagenerwa 1.000.000 Frw ahwanye n’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga yo gukurikirana urubanza mu nkiko zombi (ni ukuvuga Urukiko Rwisumbuye n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze); naho ayasabwe na BPR Plc akaba atatangwa kubera ko urubanza ruyitsinze. [34] Uru Rukiko rurasanga mu gika cya 30 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa nk’uko ibigikubiyemo bimaze kwibutswa haruguru, ari ho Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwasobanuye impamvu (motivation) yatumye rutegeka BPR BANK RWANDA Plc kwishyura 1.000.000 Frw Mutuyimana Providence na Urayeneza Prudence. Muri icyo gika Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye neza ko ayo ari amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego ebyiri urubanza rwari rumaze kuburanishwamo, kandi ko Mutuyimana Providence na Urayeneza Prudence bagenewe ayo basabye kubera ko ari bo batsinze urubanza kuri urwo rwego rw’ubujurire, ndetse ko BPR Bank Rwanda Plc yo itagenewe amafaranga nkayo yasabaga kubera ko yo yatsinzwe urwo rubanza. [35] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru, Urukiko rurasanga ibivugwa n’uburanira BPR BANK RWANDA Plc ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ntaho rwashingiye rutegeka BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc guha Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence indishyi zingana na 1.000.000 Frw, nta shingiro bifite; bityo n’iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire ikaba nta shingiro igomba guhabwa. 3.Ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza, igihembo cya Avoka n’amagarama y’urubanza ababuranyi basaba [36] Me Mubangizi Frank, uhagarariye BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence guha BANQUE POPULAIRE DU RWANDA Plc indishyi zo ku nzego zose zabanje zingana na 4.000.000 Frw z’igihembo cya Avoka na 2.000.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza, kubera kuyishora mu manza bitari ngombwa no kuyisubiza 110.000 Frw y’ingwate y’amagarama yatanze kuva uru rubanza rwatangira. Avuga ko indishyi z’akababaro n’igihembo cya Avoka Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence basaba ntazo bakwiye guhabwa ngo kuko BPR BANK Rwanda Plc ikurikirana ingwate yayo yagurishijwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n'amategeko, ibyo ikaba idakwiye kubitangira indishyi [37] Me Munyarugero Gaspard uhagarariye Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence yiregura ku mafaranga asabwa na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc avuga ko nta shingiro afite, kubera ko ari yo yishoye mu manza zidafite ishingiro ibarega. Asaba ahubwo Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka BPR BANK RWANDA Plc guha Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 1.000. 000 Frw, n’amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka angana na 800.000 Frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [38] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikurikira: ʺIkirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo

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kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [39] Hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iyo ngingo y’Itegeko imaze kuvugwa hejuru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza BPR BANK RWANDA Plc isaba nta shingiro afite kuko bene aya mafaranga agenerwa umuburanyi utsinda urubanza ku kiburanwa cy’ibanze. Urukiko rurasanga ahubwo Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence batsinda urubanza kuri uru rwego, nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, aribo bagomba guhabwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n‘ay’igihembo cya Avoka basaba, kuko byumvikana ko bashatse Avoka wo kubaburanira imbere y’Urukiko bagakurikirana n’urubanza; mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rukaba rubageneye angana n’ibihumbi magana arindwi (700.000 Frw) akubiyemo ay’igihembo cya Avoka kingana n’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) n’ikurikiranarubanza angana n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000 Frw) kuri uru rwego. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [40] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa BPR BANK RWANDA Plc nta shingiro bufite. [41] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku cyemezo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwafashe mu rubanza RCA 00020/2022/HC/MUS, rwaciwe ku wa 16/03/2023, cyo kudatesha agaciro ibyangombwa byahawe Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence ku butaka bufite UPI: 4/03/02/04/1249 no gutegeka BPR BANK RWANDA Plc kubishyura 1.000.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ku nzego zombi zabanje. [42] Rutegetse BPR BANK RWANDA Plc kwishyura Urayeneza Prudence na Mutuyimana Providence bombi hamwe amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000 Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, kuri uru rwego. [43] Ruvuze ko amagarama y’urubanza BPR BANK RWANDA Plc yatanze ijurira ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo.