UBUSHINJACYAHA v BURINDWI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v BURINDWI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-02-16 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00076/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v BURINDWI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00076/2024/CA (Kaliwabo, P.J.) 16 Mutarama 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Impamvu nyoroshyacyaha – Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Burindwi Jean Bosco mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nk’umugabo n’umugore, busaba ko yahamwa n’icyaha agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Yireguye avuga ko Nyirahakizimana Anastasie ashinjwa yamubwiye ko afite imyaka 20, asaba kurenganurwa kuko nta mugambi yari afite wo gukora icyaha. Urukiko rwemeje ko ahamwa n’ icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Mu bujurire, Urukiko Rukuru, rwemeza ko agabanyirizwa ibihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Burindwi Jean Bosco yajuriye bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka itanu kubera ko yaburanye yemera icyaha ko kandi byakorwa mu nyungu zo kuramira imibereho y’umwana na nyina. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bwahabwa kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano mu buryo buhagije ndetse ahabwa igihano gito gishoboka giteganywa n’itegeko. Incamake y’icyemezo: Hashingirwa ku bikubiye mu ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, abahanishijwe igifungo cya burundu, bafite impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bituma bahabwa igihano gito gishoboka, bakaba bagenerwa igihano kitari munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Bityo, kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragabanyirije igihano Burindwi Jean Bosco kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15, nta kosa rwakoze ariko kikaba kidashobora kugabanywa biruseho kuko aricyo gihano gito gishoboka ku cyaha yahamijwe. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 133. Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 2. Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 00367/2020/CA, Ubushinjacyaha v TWAGIRUMUKIZA Innocent Réponse, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/12/2023. Urubanza

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IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Burindwi Jean Bosco yabanye nk’umugabo n`umugore na Nyirahakizimana Anastasie w’imyaka cumi n’itandatu y’amavuko (16ans) guhera kuwa 19/12/2019, ibi bikaba byaramenyekanye ubwo yaragiye kwikingiza nk`umubyeyi utwite inda y’amezi umunani, bituma Burindwi Jean Bosco afatwa, arakurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamuregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nk’umugabo n’umugore, busaba ko yahamwa n’icyaha agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Burindwi yireguye avuga ko Nyirahakizimana Anastasie yamubwiye ko afite imyaka 20 bituma babana nk’umugabo n’umugore, asaba kurenganurwa kuko nta mugambi yari afite wo gukora icyaha. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00405/2020/TGI/NYBE rwaciwe kuwa 21/12/2020, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, rushingiye ku kuba Burindwi Jean Bosco yemera ko yaryamanye na Nyirahakizimana Anastasie w’imyaka 16 y’amavuko akamutera inda nyuma bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore, rushingiye no ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja, rwemeje ko Burindwi Jean Bosco ahamwa n’ icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [4] Burindwi Jean Bosco yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, asaba Urukiko rwajuririwe gushingira ku kwemera icyaha kwe rukamugabanyiriza igihano kugira ngo ajye kwita ku mwana na nyina kuko babayeho ubuzima bugoranye. [5] Mu rubanza RPA 00016/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe kuwa 31/01/2024, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rumaze gusesengura impamvu z’ubujurire bwa Burindwi Jean Bosco, rwemeje ko agabanyirizwa ibihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n`itanu (15 ans). [6] Burindwi Jean Bosco yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuri n° RPAA 00298/2024/CA ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 7/1/2025, yunganiwe na Me Habimana Léon naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Habineza Damascène, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Burindwi Jean Bosco yajuriye asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka itanu kubera ko yaburanye yemera icyaha ko kandi byakorwa mu nyungu zo kuramira imibereho y’umwana na nyina. Me Habimana Léon umwunganira asaba ko yagabanyirizwa hakurikijwe umurongo uboneka mu rubanza n° RS/Inconst/Spec 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/20019. [8] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Burindwi Jean Bosco nta shingiro bwahabwa kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano mu buryo buhagije ndetse ahabwa igihano gito gishoboka giteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 (a) y’itegeko n° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [9] Urukiko rurasuzuma niba Burindwi Jean Bosco yagabanyirizwa igihano kugeza munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko.

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II. ISESENGURA RY’URUBANZA  Kumenya niba Burindwi Jean Bosco yagabanyirizwa igihano kugeza munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko [10] Burindwi Jean Bosco yajuriye asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kugeza ku myaka itanu kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha kandi ko igabanyagihano ryamufasha kujya kwita ku mibereho y’umwana na nyina kuri ubu itameze neza. [11] Me Habimana Léon avuga ko, nubwo yemera ko uwo yunganira yagabanyirijwe igihano hakurikijwe ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 (a) y’itegeko n° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange1, nyamara kandi ko nta cyabuza ko agabanyirizwa kugeza munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 yahanishijwe, ibyo Urukiko rukaba rwabishingira no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza n° RS/Inconst/Spec 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/20019, aho rwemeje ko ntacyabuza umucamanza gutanga igihano gikwiranye n’uburemere bw’icyaha kabone n’iyo cyaba kiri munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko. [12] Ubushinjacyaha bwireguye buvuga ko igabanyagihano Burindwi Jean Bosco asaba yamaze kurihabwa n’Urukiko Rukuru kandi ko igifungo cy’imyaka 15 yahanishijwe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bikurikiwe no kubana nk’umugabo n’umugore, aricyo gito gishoboka nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Buvuga kandi ko Urukiko rudashobora gushingira ku murongo w’urubanza RS/Inconst/Spec 00003/2019/SC kuko uru rubanza rwawufashe rushingiye ku ngingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe, kandi iyi ngingo ikaba yarahinduwe. Busoza busaba ko Burindwi Jean Bosco yagumishwa ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 yahanishijwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Burindwi Jean Bosco ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano kugeza munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’amategeko no kumenya ishingiro ryabyo. [14] Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana no kubana nawe nk’umugabo n’umugore Burindwi Jean Bosco yahamijwe, giteganywa kandi kigahanishwa ingingo ya 133 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iki cyaha kikaba gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [15] Burindwi Jean Bosco, mu rubanza RPA 00016/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza kuwa 31/01/2024, yagabanyirijwe igihano kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15, iri gabanyagihano rikaba ryarashingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa

1 iyo Umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ashobora kugabanya igihano, ko igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) naho igihano cy’ihazabu kikaba gishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri kimwe cya kane (¼) cy’igihano cy’ihazabu gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe

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04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [16] Urukiko rurasanga, icyifuzo cya Burindwi cyo kuba yahanishwa igihano kiri munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’amategeko, agishingira ku rubanza RS/Inconst/Spec 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/20019, aho rwasobanuye ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ruyihuje n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 29 n’iya 151 z’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda, rukemeza ko nta cyabuza umucamanza ubwisanzure bwo kugena igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha. [17] Nyuma y’uko urwo rubanza ruciriwe kimwe n’izindi zarushingiyeho, Umushingamategeko yavuguruye ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano, ayisimbuza ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023, iteganya uburyo bushya bwo kugabanya ibihano mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, iyi ngingo ikaba iteganya ko uwakoze icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu ashobora kugabanyirizwa ariko igihano ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [18] Mu gushyira mu bikorwa impinduka zazanywe n’itegeko rivugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, uru Rukiko rwaciye imanza zitandukanye, rwemeza ko imanza zaciwe mbere y’uko iri Tegeko risohoka, harimo n’urubanza Nº RS/Inconst/Spec 00003/2019/SC Burindwi aburanisha, zidashobora gushingirwaho, ko ahubwo hashingirwa ku bikubiye mu ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe, bityo abahanishijwe igifungo cya burundu, bafite impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bituma bahabwa igihano gito gishoboka, bakaba bagenerwa igihano kitari munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 152. [19] Urukiko rurasanga ingingo y’ubujurire ya Burindwi Jean Bosco yo kugabanyirizwa igihano kugeza munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko, nta shingiro ifite kuko imanza ashingiraho zaciwe hakurikijwe ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano kuri ubu yavuyeho, bityo imihanire ye ikaba igomba gukurikiza ibiteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe. [20] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragabanyirije igihano Burindwi Jean Bosco kugeza ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15, nta kosa rwakoze ndetse iki gihano kikaba kidashobora kugabanywa biruseho kuko aricyo gihano gito gishoboka kuri iki cyaha ushinjwa yahamijwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Burindwi Jean Bosco nta shingiro bufite. [22] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA 00016/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 31/01/2024 igumyeho mu ngingo zarwo zose. [23] Rwemeje ko Burindwi Jean Bosco agumishwa ku gifungo cy’imyaka 15 ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gusambanya umwana no kubana nawe nk’umugabo n’umugore.

2 Reba igika cya 18 n’icya 19 by’urubanza RPAA 00367/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/12/2023 rw’Ubushinjacyaha na TWAGIRUMUKIZA Innocent Réponse.

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[24] Rutegetse ko Burindwi Jean Bosco asonerwa amagarama y'urubanza kuko yaburanye afunzwe.