CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd v. COGEBANQUE Ltd

# CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd v. COGEBANQUE Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2020-06-10 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00069/2019/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd v. COGEBANQUE Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00069/2019/CA (Munyangeri, P.J., ) ku wa 12 Kamena 2020] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’ubucuruzi – Gutesha agaciro cyamunara – Ibirego byo gutesha agaciro cyamunara bitangwa mu bihe biteganyirizwa ibirego byihutirwa n’ukuvuga mu minsi itatu (3) y’akazi. Iyo uwagitanze arengeje ibyo bihe kandi nta kibazo gitunguranye kandi kitigobotorwa agaraza yagize, ubujurire bwe ntibukwiye kwakirwa kuko buba bwatanzwe impitagihe. Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 188 niya 260 Incamake y’ikibazo: Sosiyete CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yahawe umwenda na COGEBANQUE Ltd, inanirwa kuwishyura nkuko byumvikanywe maze biba ngombwa ko yiyambaza Umwanditsi Mukuru kugira ngo ingwate igurishwe yishyurwe, nyuma CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru imusaba kutemeza raporo ya cyamunara no kuyitesha agaciro. CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yatanze ikirego mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, isaba urukiko gutesha agaciro cyamunara yakozwe ku isambu yayo ivuga ko itamenyeshejwe amabwiriza ya cyamunara, kandi ko iyo cyamunara itatajwe, n’ingwate ikagurishwa ku giciro kidakwiye ku munsi w’ikiruhuko, ndetse ikaba itaranahawe uburenganzira bwo kwanga igiciro cyatanzwe. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ikirego kitakiriwe, maze CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd ijuririra icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje kutakira ikirego cyayo nta mpamvu zifatika rwashingiyeho, maze uru rukiko rusiba urubanza, ku mpamvu yuko rwasanze nta nyungu yari igifite mu rubanza, kubera ko ititabye ku munsi w’iburanisha, kandi ariyo yagombaga kurukurikirana. CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yabyukije urwo rubanza, urukiko rwemeza ko ikirego cyayo kitakiriwe, ko hagumaho icyemezo cyo gusiba urubanza RCOMA 00493/2018/HCC cyafashwe n'Urukiko Rukuru rw'Ubucuruzi. CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yatanze ikindi kirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi irega COGEBANQUE na Huissier isaba urukiko gutesha agaciro cyamunara y’isambu yayo, banki nayo itanga inzitizi yo kutakira icyo kirego kuko cyatanzwe impitagihe, isaba n’indishyi. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko inzitizi yatanzwe n’abaregwa ifite ishingiro, kuko CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yarengeje igihe cyo kurega. Yongeye ijurira mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko urukiko rwanze kwakira ikirego cyayo ruvuga ko yatinze kugitanga kandi bitarabayeho, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ubujurire nta shingiro bufite, ko nta gihindutse, maze yongera kujuririra nanone mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire.

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COGEBANQUE Ltd hamwe na Munyaneza(Huissier) biregura bavuga ko igihe CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yajuririraga itubahirije ibihe byo kujurira kuko ibirego bisaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara bitangwa kandi bikaburanishwa mu bihe by’ibirego byihutirwa, kuko CARTECHNIC yajuriye nyuma y’iminsu 30, nyamara ibihe byo kujuririra icyemezo ku birego byihutirwa ari iminsi itatu y’akazi, bityo ko ubujurire budakwiye kwakirwa kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe. CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd ivuga ko ikirego cya CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd atari ikirego cyihutirwa, kuko na mbere cyaburanishijwe mu buryo bw’ibirego bisanzwe, bityo ko ubujurire bwayo butakererewe. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ibirego byo gutesha agaciro cyamunara bitangwa mu bihe biteganyirizwa ibirego byihutirwa n’ukuvuga mu minsi itatu (3) y’akazi. Iyo uwagitanze arengeje ibyo bihe kandi nta kibazo gitunguranye kandi kitigobotorwa agaraza yagize, ubujurire bwe ntibukwiye kwakirwa kuko buba bwatanzwe impitagihe. Ubujurire ntibwakiriwe kuko bwatanzwe bukererewe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo ya 188 niya 260. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCOMAA 00012/2019/CA haburana Nzitonda Kiyengo na COGEBANQUE Ltd, HIGIRO Martin, Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB na GASHEMA Félicien, rwaciwe ku wa 09/12/2019, RCOMAA 00089/2019/CA haburana Kayigema Anicet na Uwarudahunga Joséphine, rwaciwe ku wa 17/02/2020 COGEBANQUE Ltd na Rwanda Development Board (RDB) Urubanza

I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rukomoka ku kuba CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yarananiwe kuwishyura umwenda yahawe na COGEBANQUE Ltd, bikaba ngombwa ko yiyambaza Umwanditsi Mukuru kugira ngo ashyireho ugurisha ingwate kugira ngo yishyurwe, hagashyirwaho uwitwa MUNYANEZA Valerien, akabishyira mu bikorwa ku wa 15/06/2018. Ku wa 21/06/2018 CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru imusaba kutemeza raporo ya cyamunara no kuyitesha agaciro. [2] CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yatanze ikirego mu buryo bw’inyandiko nsobanurakirego itanzwe n’umuburanyi umwe, isaba urukiko gutesha agaciro cyamunara

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yakozwe ku isambu yayo ifite Nº UPI: 1/02/05/01/2459 Jabana-Gasabo, ku wa 15/06/2018, kuko itamenyeshejwe amabwiriza ya cyamunara, iyo cyamunara ntitangazwe, ingwate ikagurishwa ku giciro kidakwiye ku munsi w’ikiruhuko, ndetse ikaba itaranahawe uburenganzira bwo kwanga igiciro cyatanzwe. [3] Mu rubanza RCOM 00793/2018/TC rwaciwe ku wa 11/07/2018, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ikirego cya CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd kitakiriwe, maze CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd ijuririra icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje kutakira ikirego cyayo nta mpamvu zifatika rwashingiyeho, maze mu rubanza Nº RCOMA 00493/2018/HC rwaciwe ku wa 25/07/2018, Urukiko Rikuru rw’Ubucuruzi rusiba urubanza, kuko rwasanze nta nyungu CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd igifite mu rubanza, kubera ko ititabye ku munsi w’iburanisha, kandi ariyo yagombaga kurukurikirana. [4] CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yabyukije urwo rubanza, ku wa 14/08/2018, urukiko rwemeza ko ikirego cyayo kitakiriwe, ko hagumaho icyemezo cyo gusiba urubanza RCOMA 00493/2018/HCC cyafashwe n'Urukiko Rukuru rw'Ubucuruzi ku wa 25/07/2018. [5] CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yatanze ikindi kirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi cyandikwa kuri RCOM 01885/2018/TC, isaba urukiko gutesha agaciro cyamunara y’isambu yayo ifite Nº UPI: 1/02/05/01/2459 Jabana-Gasabo yagurishijwe na Receiver MUNYANEZA Valerien ku wa 15/06/2018. COGEBANQUE Ltd itanga inzitizi yo kutakira icyo kirego kuko cyatanzwe impitagihe, isaba n’indishyi, MUNYANEZA Valerien nawe arabishimangira. [6] Ku wa 20/12/2018, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko inzitizi yatanzwe n’abaregwa ifite ishingiro, ko CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yarengeje igihe cyo kurega, ko ikirego cyayo kitakiriwe, ruyitegeka kwishyura COGEBANQUE Ltd 500.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [7] CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko urukiko rwanze kwakira ikirego cyayo ruvuga ko yatinze kugitanga kandi bitarabayeho. Mu rubanza Nº RCOMA 00047/2019/HCC, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza Nº RCOM 01885/2018/TC, ruyitegeka kwishyura COGEBANQUE Ltd 1.000.000 Frw y’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza zo k’urwego rw’ubujurire. [8] CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yongeye kujuririra urubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, maze ubujurire bwayo buhabwa RCOMAA 00069/2019/CA. [9] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe ku itariki 03/06/2020, COGEBANQUE Ltd ihagarariwe na Me KAYITARE Serge, MUNYANEZA Valerien atitabye ariko yaramenyeshejwe umunsi w’iburanisha mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, naho Me NDAGIJIMANA Emmanuel ahagarariye CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd. Mbere yo kwinjira mu mizi y’urubanza abaregwa mu bujurire batanzwe inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe, iburanisha rikorwa kuri iyo nzitizi gusa. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO

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1. Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd bwaratanzwe kukerewe [10] Me KAYITARE Serge uhagarariye COGEBANQUE Ltd avuga ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 260 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko ibirego bisaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara bitangwa kandi bikaburanishwa mu bihe by’ibirego byihutirwa, igihe CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yajuririraga urubanza RCOM A 00047/2019/HCC, itubahirije ibihe byo kujurira, kuko byumvikana ko ikirego cyayo kijyanye no gutesha agaciro cyamunara kigomba gutangwa no kuburanishwa mu bihe by’ibirego byihutirwa. [11] Asobanura ko urubanza RCOM A 00047/2019/HCC rwaciwe ku wa 15/04/2019, CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd irujuririra ku wa 14/05/2019, nyuma y’iminsu 30, nyamara ingingo ya 188, igika cya 2 y’itegeko ryavuzwe iteganya ko ibihe byo kujuririra icyemezo ku birego byihutirwa ari iminsi itatu y’akazi, ko rero byumvikana ko CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yajuriye itinze, ko ubujurire budakwiye kwakirwa kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe. [12] MUNYANEZA Valerien mu myanzuro ye iri muri system avuga ko ubujurire budakwiye kwakirwa ngo busuzumwe kubera ko ibihe byo kujuririra ibirego byihutirwa bitubahirijwe. Asobanura ko ibyo avuga abishingira ku ngingo ya 260, igika cya 5, ivuga ko ibirego byo gutesha agaciro cyamunara bitangwa kandi bikaburanishwa mu bihe by`ibirego byihutirwa. n’i ya 188, igika cya 2 z’itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, ko rero urubanza rujuririrwa rwasomwe ku wa 15/04/2018, ubujurire bugatangwa ku wa 14/05/2018, biragaragara ko ubujurire bwakerewe, bukaba butagomba kwakirwa. [13] Me NDAGIJIMANA Emmanuel uhagarariye CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd avuga ko ikirego cya CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd atari ikirego cyihutirwa, kuko na mbere cyaburanishijwe mu buryo bw’ibirego bisanzwe, bityo ko ubujurire bwayo butakererewe. Uko Urukiko rubibona [14] Ingingo ya 260, igika cya 5, y’Itegeko nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza mbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko "ibirego bivugwa muri iyi ngingo bitangwa bikanaburanishwa mu bihe nk’iby’ibirego byihutirwa". Ku birebana n’ubujurire bw’ibirego byihutirwa, ingingo ya 188, igika cya kabiri, y’Itegeko rimaze kuvugwa iteganya ko ‘’Igihe cyo kujuririra icyemezo ni iminsi itarenze itatu (3) y’akazi uhereye ku munsi icyemezo cyasomeweho cyangwa ababuranyi bakimenyeyeho’’. [15] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi isaba " Gutesha agaciro cyamunara y’isambu ifite UPI: 1/02/05/01/2459 Jabana-Gasabo ya Cartechinic &Trucks Ltd yagurishijwe na receiver MUNYANEZA Valerien mu cyamunara cyo ku wa 15/06/2018, yaguzwe na COGEBANQUE Ltd ", bikaba bigaragara ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 260 y’Itegeko rivuzwe haruguru, iki kirego kibarirwa mu birego byihutirwa. [16] Urukiko rurasanga hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’ingingo za 260 yavuzwe haruguru, ubujurire bwa CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd bugomba kubahiriza igihe giteganywa

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n’ingingo ya 188, igika cya kabiri, y’Itegeko nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, kuko aribyo bihe byateganyijwe ku bujurire bw’ibirego byihutirwa. [17] Nkuko byagaragajwe mu gice cy’iswe imiterere y’urubanza, kopi y’urubanza rujuririrwa igaragaza ko rwaciwe ku wa 15/04/2019, CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd irujuririra ku wa 14/05/2019, hashize iminsi 30, aho kubikora mu gihe cy’iminsi itatu (3) y’akazi iteganywa mu ngingo ya 188, igika cya 2, y’Itegeko nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, bikaba rero byumvikana ko CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yajuriye irengeje igihe kandi nta kibazo gitunguranye kandi kitigobotorwa igaraza ko yagize, bityo ubujurire bwayo bukaba budakwiye kwakirwa kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe. [18] Urukiko rurasanga, uyu murongo ari wo wamaze kwemezwa n’uru Rukiko mu manza zitandukanye rwaciye, rusobanura bihagije ko ibirego byo gutesha agaciro cyamunara bigomba kubahiriza igihe giteganyirizwa ibirego byihutirwa biteganywa n’ingingo ya 188, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, ibyo bikaba byaremejwe nko mu rubanza N° RCOMAA 00012/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 09/12/2019 haburana NZITONDA Kiyengo, COGEBANQUE Ltd, HIGIRO Martin, Umwanditsi Mukuru muri RDB na GASHEMA Félicien, n’urubanza RCOMAA 00089/2019/CA rwaciwe ku wa 17/02/2020 haburana KAYIGEMA Anicet na UWARUDAHUNGA Joséphine, COGEBANQUE Ltd hamwe na Rwanda Development Board (RDB). 2. Ku byerekeye amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka [19] Me KAYITARE Serge avuga ko COGEBANQUE Ltd ahagarariye isaba Urukiko gutegeka CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd kuyishyura 2.000.000 Frw akubiyemo ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, naho MUNYANEZA Valerien akaba yarasabye indishyi zingana na 1.000.000 Frw kubeara ko CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd yakomeje kumushora mu manza z`amaherere. [20] Me NDAGIJIMANA Emmanuel uhagarariye CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd avuga ko iindishyi zisabwa nta shingiro zifite, ko ahubwo nayo isaba indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 5.000.000 Frw kubera gushorwa mu manza ku maherere, amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza angana na 1.000.000 Frw, n’ay’igihembo cya Avoka angana na 3.000.000 Frw. Uko Urukiko rubibona [21] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe“.

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[22] Urukiko rurasanga, nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, ko ubujurire bwa CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd butagomba kwakirwa, ikwiye kwishyura abarezwe mu bujurire amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza, kuko bashatse abababuranira banakurikirana urubanza kuri uru rwego, ariko ayo basaba bakaba batagaragaza ko ari yo bakoresheje koko, hanarebwe ko urubanza rugarukiye gusa ku nzitizi ijyanye n‘iyakirwa ry‘ubujurire, bityo mu bushishozi bwarwo bakaba bagenewe buri wese 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 100.000 Frw yo gukurikirana urubanza, yose hamwe akaba 1.200.000 Frw.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [23] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd butakiriwe kuko bwatanzwe bukerewe; [24] Rutegetse CARTECHNIC and TRUCKS Ltd guha COGEBANQUE Ltd na MUNYANEZA Valerien, buri wese 600.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka, yose hamwe akaba 1.200.000 Frw.