UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDIKUBWIMANA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDIKUBWIMANA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2015-07-10 - Case/document no.: RPA 0202/13/CS - Collection: Supreme Court

## Text

## Page 1

UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDIKUBWIMANA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’IKIRENGA – RPA 0202/13/CS (Mugenzi, P.J., Gatete na Nyirinkwaya, J.) 10 Nyakanga 2015] Amategeko agenga bimenyetso – Ibimenyetso bishinja – Ukwivuguruza kwe n’ubuhamya bumushinja icyaha ni impurirane z’ibimenyetso bigaragaza nta gushidikanya ko ahamwa n’ibyaha ashinjwa – Itegeko Nº 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya108. Amategeko agenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo nshinganwa – Indishyi – Kuba yarabuze umwana we wakoreraga umushahara kandi wamufashaga byumvikanisha ko hari ibyo yavukijwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rkuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, Ndikubwimana Ernest aregwa gusambanya ku gahato yarangiza akica uwo yari amaze gusambanya. Yahamijwe icyo cyaha n’Urwo Rukiko maze rumuhanisha gufungwa burundu anategekwa kwishyura indishyi zingana na Frw 3.000.000 no kwishyura igihembo cy’avoka, Frw 200 000. Mu gufata iki cyemezo Urukiko rwasanze atari kujyana uwo mukobwa ahantu hadatuwe iyo baza kuba bari bumvikanye. Urukiko kandi rwamuhamije kwica umuntu ku bushake rushingiye ku buhamya bw’uwamubonye aterura uwo mukobwa amukura mu modoka. Ndikubwimana yajuriye mu Rukiko rw’Ikirenga avuga ko Urukiko rwitaye gusa ku bimenyetso bimushinja rumuhamya icyaha rutitaye ku bisobanuro yarugejejeho. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko uburyo ushinjwa avuga nyakwigendera yaguyemo bitahabwa agaciro kuko iyo nyakwigendera aza kuba yaraguye asohoka yari kugusha umutwe w’imbere. Mu bujurire kandi hatanzwe ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi hasabwa kongerwa kw’indishyi z’akababaro zari zagenwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, igihembo cy’Avoka n’amafaranga y’ingendo n’icumbi. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ukwivuguruza kwa Ndikubwimana imbere y’Ubugenzacyaha avuga ko nyakwigendera yaguye hasi atezwe n’igitenge akagwa mu muhanda agaramye nyamara mu Rukiko rwajuririwe akavuga ko atafashije uwo bari bamaze gusambana amukura mu modoka kandi umutangabuhamya wamubonye akaba yemeza ko yamusanze aterura nyakwigendera amukura mu modoka ababonye ashaka no kwiruka, kuba kandi avuga ko nta gikorwa cyo gusambanywa cyigeze kibaho ubundi akavuga ko yasambanyije umuntu mukuru ku bwumvikane nyamara raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko yagejejwe kwa muganga amaze gusambanywa ni impurirane z’ibimenyetso bigaragaza nta gushidikanya ko ahamwa n’ibyaha ashinjwa. 2. Kuba yarabuze umwana we w’imyaka 20 kandi wakoreraga umushara akanamufasha byumvikanisha ko hari ibyo yavukijwe hafatiwe kumushahara yahembwaga 15000 Frw yahembwaga ku kwezi kandi akaba adakabije ugereranyije n’igihembo cy’umuhinzi. Ubujurire bw’ushinjwa nta shingiro bufite;

## Page 2

Ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; Rutegetse ushinjwa guha uwaregeye indishyi 5.500.000; Urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse gusa ku byerekeye indishyi Amagarama y’urubanza aherereye ku isanduku ya Leta. Amategeko yashingiweh: Itegeko Nº 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya108. Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA. [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, Ndikubwimana Ernest, aregwa kuba yarasambanyije ku gahato umukobwa witwa Uwamahoro Vestine yarangiza akamwica, icyo cyaha akaba yaragikoze ubwo ku itariki ya 11/10/2012, ahagana saa tatu z’ijoro, uwo mukobwa yarasohotse mu kabari yakoragamo k‘uwitwa Muhutu, asanga Ndikubwimana afite imodoka amubwira ko amutwara akamugeza iwabo, undi ajyamo baragenda, nyuma mu saa yine z’ijoro aza kubonwa na AIP Makabuza avana Uwamahoro mu modoka asa nk’uwapfuye, amubajije uko byagenze avuga ko akoze impanuka amujyanye kwa muganga. [2] Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza kuwa 31/05/2013 rwemeza ko Ndikubwimana ahamwa n’icyaha akurikiranyweho, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu, guha Nturanyenabo Fidèle waregeye indishyi frw 3.000.000, no kwishyura igihembo cya Avoka kingana na frw 200.000. [3] Mu gufata icyemezo Urukiko rwasanze Ndikubwimana ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umuntu ku gahato, kuko atari kujyana uwo mukobwa mu ijoro ahantu hadatuwe bashaka gusambana ku bwumvikane nkuko yabiburanishije, kuko iyo baba barumvikanye yari kumujyana iwe cyangwa mu yindi nzu. [4] Urukiko rwasanze kandi ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwica umuntu ku bushake kuko mu buhamya bwa AIP Makabuza uyu yavuze ko yamusanze aterura uwo mukobwa amukura mu modoka, ibyo bikaba bitandukanye n’ibyo Ndikubwimana avuga ko yashakaga kumujyana kwa muganga. [5] Ndikubwimana yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ikirenga avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutitaye ku bisobanuro yarugejejeho, rumuhamya icyaha rushingiye gusa ku bisobanuro by’Ubushinjacyaha. [6] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame kuwa 01/06/2015, Ndikubwimana yunganiwe na Me Mukamana Elisabeth, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Niyonkuru Françoise, naho Nturanyenabo uregera indishyi ahagarariwe na Me Hakizimana Esron. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URU RUBANZA.

## Page 3

a. Kumenya niba Ndikubwimana yagirwa umwere. [7] Ndikubwimana avuga ko ubwo yari i Tyazo kuwa 11/10/2012 aryamye mu modoka, Uwamahoro Vestina yamuhamagaye ngo amutegere ipikipiki, noneho batangira kuganira na nyiri ipikipiki ahari, ariko amubwira ko yakwigendera kuko yari yiyemeje gutwara uwo mukobwa mu modoka kubera ko bari bamaze kwemeranywa ko basambana. [8] Asobanura ko batahanye, bamara gusambana asohotse mu modoka agategwa n’igitenge yari yambaye amanuka mu modoka, mu gihe yageragezaga kumuterura hagahinguka AIP Makabuza wamushinje ko yamwishe, undi akamusubiza ko ari impanuka agize, yamujyana kwa muganga i Kibogora agahita apfa. [9] Avuga ko yagize uburangare bwo kudafasha kururuka uwo bari bamaze gusambana, cyane cyane ko yari afite intege nke ananiwe kandi yasinze. [10] Me Mukamana umwunganira avuga ko Uwamahoro Vestine yari arengeje imyaka cumi n’umunani (18), asanzwe akora mu kabari. Asobanura ko mu buhamya bwa Nshimiyimana Xavier wari ugiye kumutwara ku ipikipiki, yasobanuye ko bamutindije, abajijwe icyo yaba yarumvise bavugana, asubiza ko atashoboye kugira icyo yumva kubera ko bongoreranaga, ku bwe ibyo bikaba bisobanura ko bari mu mugambi wo kujya gusambana, cyane cyane ko ngo Uwamahoro yari asanzwe afite iyo ngeso. [11] Akomeza asobanura ko uwo yunganira adahakana ko yasambanyije Uwamahoro, ariko ko atabikoze ku gahato. Naho ku bijyanye nuko yamusambanyije yarangiza akamwica, avuga ko raporo ya muganga ivuga gusa ko Uwamahoro yari afite inda y’ibyumweru cumi na bitandatu (16), ikagaragaza ko atigeze anigwa, ko ahubwo yerekana ko yavaga amaraso mu kanwa, mu mazuru no mu gatwe k’inyuma yakubise muri kaburimbo ava mu modoka. [12] Ku bijyanye nuko AIP Makabuza uvuga ko yafashe Ndikubwimana akura umurambo mu modoka ashaka kujya kuwujugunya, asanga iyo mvugo itari ikwiye gufatwaho ukuri, kubera ko iperereza ryakozwe mu modoka ritigeze rigaragaza ikintu na kimwe cyemeza ko ariho yiciwe. Akomeza asobanura kandi ko iyo yifashisha ikintu icyo aricyo cyose cyari mu modoka, kiba cyaragaragajwe kigafatirwa, akaba ariyo mpamvu ashingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 165 y‘Itegeko nº 30/2013 ryo kuwa 24/05/2013 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z‘inshinjabyaha, Ndikubwimana akwiye kugirwa umwere kubera imiterere ya dosiye igaragaza ugushidikanya. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibisobanuro Ndikubwimana atanga byerekeranye n’uburyo yaguye bitahabwa agaciro, kubera ko niba Uwamahoro yaratezwe n’igitenge asohoka mu modoka yari kugusha umutwe w’imbere. [14] Avuga ko mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha (C.9), Ndikubwimana yasobanuye ko yajyanye na nyakwigendera baganira bisanzwe, baza kuva mu modoka bakiranira mu muhanda „ashaka ko yashyuha akamuha ku bintu“, ibyo bikaba bitandukanye n’imvugo ye yuko bari bumvikanye gukorana imibonano mpuzabitsina. [15] Asanga kandi nta kuntu Ndikubwimana yari kwiteruza umuntu usa n’uwapfuye kandi avuga ko bari ahantu hatuwe (mu Mudugudu wa Nyenyeri), kuko iyo biza kuba ari uko biteye,

## Page 4

aba yaratabaje abaturanyi akababwira impanuka yagize, akaba ariyo mpamvu imvugo ya AIP Makabuza ikwiye gufatwaho ukuri. [16] Me Hakizimana uhagarariye Nturanyenabo waregeye indishyi agaragaza ko imvugo za Ndikubwimana zigaragaza ukwivuguruza kuko mu Bugenzacyaha yabajijwe akavuga ko atigeze amusambanya agamije guhunga icyaha, mu Bugenzacyaha nabwo biba uko, ariko ubu noneho akaba avuga ko bumvikanye, bishatse kuvuga ko yamusambanyije ku ngufu, arangije aramwica kugirango atazamurega. Uko Urukiko rubibona. [17] Dosiye y’urubanza yerekeranye n’urupfu rwa Uwamahoro igaragaza ukwivuguruza kwa Ndikubwimana mu gihe mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha (C. 9 – 10) avuga ko nyakwigendera yasubiye inyuma (marche-arrière) agana iwabo igitenge kiramutega agwa muri kaburimbo agaramye akubita agatwe k’inyuma hasi, mu gihe yamuteruraga ngo amushyire mu modoka amujyane kwa muganga akaba ariho imodoka yarimo AIP Makabuza yahamusangaga. [18] Mu miburanire ye muri uru Rukiko, yivugiye ubwe ko uburangare yagize aruko atafashije mugenzi we kururuka imodoka ya FUSO ndende, kandi uwo bari bamaze gusambana yari ananiwe yanasinze, akaba yaragombaga kumuterura akamuvanamo neza, kuba atarabikoze bigatuma akagusha agatwe k’inyuma. [19] Ubuhamya bwatanzwe na AIP Makabuza (C. 22 - 24) bugaragaza ko we nuwo bari kumwe basanze aterura nyakwigendera amukura mu modoka, Ndikubwimana ashaka no kwiruka bamufata ipataro, bamubajije uko byagenze ababwira ko yituye ku modoka. [20] Izindi mvugo za Ndikubwimana zivuguruzanya zijyanye nuko hamwe avuga ko nta gikorwa cy’ubusambanyi yigeze agira, ubundi agahindukira akavuga ko yasambanyije umuntu mukuru ku bwumvikane, ibyo ariko bikaba nta shingiro byahabwa kuko raporo ya muganga yemeje ko yagejejwe kwa muganga amaze gusambanywa, ibikomere yatewe bikaba byaraturutse nta shiti kuri Ndikubwimana kubera ukwibisobanura kwe yivuguruza, adashobora kandi kuvuguruza umupolisi wamubonye aho yakoreye icyaha avana mu modoka uwo yari amaze gukorera icyaha. [21] Kubera impamvu zimaze gusobanurwa rero, uru Rukiko rushingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 108 y’Itegeko nº 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, rusanga hari impurirane z’ibimenyetso bigaragaza nta gushidikanya ko ibyaha Ndikubwimana ashinjwa bimuhama. b. Ku byerekeye ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi. [22] Me Hakizimana uburanira Nturanyenabo waregeye indishyi asaba ko indishyi z‘akababaro zari zatanzwe ku rwego rwa mbere zihwanye na frw 3.000.000 zakwongerwaho rwf 6.000.000 kuko atari ikirenga ugereranyije n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwe, n’umushahara uhwanye na frw 15.000 buri kwezi Uwamahoro yakoreraga, hakiyongeraho n’igihembo cya Avoka gihwanye na frw 1.000.000, ndetse Nturanyenabo by’umwihariko akwongera akagenerwa frw 500.000 y’ingendo n’icumbi.

## Page 5

[23] Ndikubwimana avuga ko adashobora kubona izo ndishyi zisabwa kuko nta mitungo agira. Umwunganira avuga ko nta cyemezo cy’umushahara cyagaragajwe, ku bwe akaba asanga mu bushishozi hagenwa frw 1.000.000 y’indishyi n’igihembo cya Avoka gihwanye na frw 500.000. Uko Urukiko rubibona [24] Ku byerekeye indishyi mbonezamusaruro, byumvikana ko Nturanyenabo wabuze umwana we hari ibyo yavukijwe kubera urupfu rw’uwo mwana w’imyaka 20 wamufashaga akorera umushahara, urugero rw’uwo mushahara rwa frw 15.000 ku kwezi rukaba rudakabije ugereranyije nayo umuhinzi akorera ku munsi, akaba yagenerwa mu kigereranyo frw 1.500.000 y’indishyi mbonezamusaruro, naho ku byerekeye indishyi mpozamarira akagenerwa frw 3.000.000 yemejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, hakiyongeraho frw 500.000 y’ikurikiranarubanza ku nzego zombi, naho ku byerekeye igihembo cya Avoka akagenerwa frw 500.000 ku nzego zombi kuko ku rwego rw’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yahawe umuburanira ku buntu, yose hamwe akaba frw 5.500.000. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO. [25] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Ndikubwimana Ernest, alias Muzehe, nta shingiro bufite; [26] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nturanyenabo Fidèle bwuririye ku bundi bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [27] Rutegetse Ndikubwimana Ernest, alias Muzehe, guha Nturanyenabo Fidèle frw 5.500.000; [28] Ruvuze ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe RP 0032/12/HC/RSZ ihindutse ku byerekeye indishyi. [29] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta;