UBUSHINJACYAHA v CYIZA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v CYIZA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-10-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00636/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v CYIZA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00636/2021/CA (Rugabirwa, P.J.) 28 Ukwakira 2022] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Ubusembure – Kugira ngo igikorwa cyitwe icy’ubusembure ni uko uvuga ko yakorewe ubusembure aba yakorewe igikorwa kimurenganya. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye uregwa ku cyaha cy’ubwicanyi buvuga ko yateye uwitwa Ntakasigaye icyuma mu gatuza ahita apfa ubwo yazaga gukiza uregwa warwanaga n’umugore we. Uregwa yaburanye yemera icyaha, ariko akavuga ko yagikoze by’impanuka. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwica umuntu, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu, rusobanura ko atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko yari asanzwe yitwara nabi. Uregwa yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yakoze icyaha bitewe n’ubusembure yakorewe na nyakwigendera kuko yamusanze mu rugo, aramukubita, amukura amenyo anamutera icyuma bituma nawe afata akuma arakamutera ahita apfa. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa atasembuwe na nyakwigendera, kandi ko atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko atemera icyaha ngo anacyicuze. Uregwa yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, ariko ko yagikoze bitewe n’uko yari yasembuwe na nyakwigendera. Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwaburanye buvuga ko uwajuriye atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho kuko agenda ahindagura imvugo ze, ko yaburanishije ubusembure, ariko ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze butarabayeho kuko nta bimenyetso abutangira, ndetse ko n’uru Rukiko rukwiye kwemeza ko atasembuwe kuko nta kimenyetso yatanze kibivuguruza. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kugira ngo igikorwa cyitwe icy’ubusembure ni uko uvugako ko yakorewe ubusembure aba yakorewe igikorwa kimurenganya. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 56, 57 n’iya 59 Nta manza zifashishijwe.

Urubanza

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I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu, Ubushinjacyaha burega Cyiza Simon kuba yarakoze icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kubera ko ku wa 09/01/2020, 18h50’, yateye Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André icyuma mu gatuza ahita apfa ubwo yazaga gukiza Cyiza Simon warwanaga n’umugore we. Cyiza Simon yaburanye yemera icyaha, ariko akavuga ko yagikoze by’impanuka. [2] Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza nº RP 00028/2020/TGI/RBV ku wa 31/01/2020, rwemeza ko Cyiza Simon ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kwica umuntu, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu, rusobanura ko Cyiza Simon atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko yari asanzwe yitwara nabi. [3] Cyiza Simon yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yakoze icyaha bitewe n’ubusembure yakorewe na nyakwigendera Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André kuko yamusanze mu rugo, aramukubita, amukura amenyo anamutera icyuma bituma nawe afata akuma arakamutera ahita apfa. [4] Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza nº RPA 00146/2020/HC/MUS ku wa 25/06/2021, rwemeje ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse, rusobanura ko Cyiza Simon atasembuwe na nyakwigendera, kandi ko atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko atemera icyaha ngo anacyicuze, ahubwo akomeje kuvuga ko yishe Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André kubera ko yamusembuye kandi ataribyo. [5] Cyiza Simon yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, ariko ko yagikoze bitewe n’uko yari yasembuwe na nyakwigendera Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André. [6] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 04/10/2022, Cyiza Simon yunganiwe na Me Mukwende Mirimo Olivier, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Niyonzima Vincent, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA N’ ISESENGURWA RYACYO Kumenya niba Cyiza Simon yarakoze icyaha bitewe n’ubusembure no kumenya niba yagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi. [7] Cyiza Simon avuga ko akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, kuko atazongera gukora icyaha, ariko ko yagikoze bitewe n’ubusembure yakorewe na nyakwigendera Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André ubwo yamusangaga iwe. Asobanura ko yari mu rugo rwe avuye guhaha ibirayi, ko Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André yahamusanze amusaba ko yajya kumugurira inzoga, amusubiza ko nta mafaranga afite kuko ayo yahawe muri gahunda ya “VUP” ari ayo guhahira umuryango we, undi amubwira ko ari ikimuga aranamutuka, bituma nawe amutuka, ndetse ko Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André yamukubise ikofi ku itama amukura iryinyo, bararwana, nyakwigendera amwambura icyuma yari agiye guhatisha ibirayi, akimutera mu mutwe bituma amaraso ava, ko kandi ubwo yari ampfukamyeho, ko Cyiza Simon nawe yahise akimushikuza akakimutera bituma avirirana amaraso arapfa. Avuga kandi ko uwo

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munsi umugore we atari ahari, ko ahubwo aho agarukiye bashatse kumwica, atabarwa na Komanda. [8] Mukwende Mirimo Olivier avuga ko Cyiza Simon yunganira akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 20 kubera ko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, ku buryo budasubirwamo kuva ku ikubitiro kugeza ubu, kabone n’ubwo cyaba gifite uburemere nk’uko byemejwe mu zindi manza zirimo urubanza nº RPAA 0124/09/ CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 01/06/2012, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Twizeyimana Isaïe ndetse n’urubanza nº ICTR-97-32-I rwaciwe n’Urukiko Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda ku wa 01/06/2000, aho Georges Omar Ruggiu yagabanyirijwe igihano kubera ko yemeye ibyaha yaregwaga n’ubwo mu iburana rya mbere yari yabanje kubihakana, ko kandi yagabanyirijwe ibihano n’ubwo yaregwaga ibyaha ndengakamere byo gushishikariza abandi gukora jenoside n’icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu. [9] Ku birebana n’imikorere y’icyaha, asobanura ko Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André yamubajije impamvu atamuguriye inzoga ku mafaranga yahawe muri gahunda ya “VUP”, nawe amusubiza ko ari amafaranga yo gutunga umuryango we bituma Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André atangira kumutuka, batangira gushamirana, bararwana, kugeza aho Cyiza Simon afata icyuma akakimutera mu gatuza agapfa, ariko ko ataburanisha ubusembure, ubundi akavuga ko n’ubwo ubusembure bwabayeho ariko ko uregwa akwiye kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko yemeye icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi kuva agifatwa kugeza ubu. [10] Akomeza asobanura ko Urukiko Rukuru rwagombaga kugabanyiriza Cyiza Simon ibihano kubera ko yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi, ariko ko rutabimugabanyirije kubera ko rwagiye rwivuguruza hamwe rukavuga ko Cyiza Simon yireguye avuga ko yamuteye akuma agahita apfa, ahandi rukavuga ko atemera icyaha ngo anacyicuze. Ikindi n’uko rwahamije Cyiza Simon icyaha nta bimenyetso kuko nta mutangabuhamya n’umwe wemeje ko Cyiza Simon yarwanaga n’umugore we igihe nyakwigendera yazaga kubakiza, ko ahubwo abatangabuhamya bane (4) urwo Rukiko rwashingiyeho aribo Mukambuguje Espérance (umugore wa nyakwigendera), Niyibizi Jean Bosco, Dukuzemariya Adéline na Mwiseneza Jean Pierre bemeje gusa ko Cyiza Simon yashyamiranye na Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André, ariko ko batigeze bemeza ko Cyiza Simon yishe Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André igihe yajyaga gutabara umugore we yakubitaga. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Cyiza Simon atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho kubera agenda ahindagura imvugo ze kuko mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko bapfuye ubusinzi, naho imbere y’uru Rukiko avuze ko bapfuye ko atamuguriye inzoga hakoreshejwe amafaranga yari yahawe muri gahunda ya “VUP”. [12] Avuga kandi ko Cyiza Simon yaburanishije ubusembure, ariko ko Urukiko Rukuru rwasanze butarabayeho kuko nta bimenyetso abutangira, ndetse ko n’uru Rukiko rukwiye kwemeza ko Cyiza Simon atasembuwe kuko nta kimenyetso yatanze kibivuguruza, ko ahubwo abatangabuhamya bemeje ko babonye Cyiza Simon arwana na Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André anamutera icyuma aramwica, ariko ko batigeze bemeza ko nyakwigendera yamusembuye bituma amutera icyuma. [13] Avuga na none ko umutangabuhamya witwa Nyirahagenimana Séraphine yemeje ko yiboneye n’amaso ye Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André ajya gukiza Cyiza Simon warwanaga

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n’umugore we, bityo ko ibivugwa na Cyiza Simon n’umwunganira by’uko Cyiza Simon atarwanaga n’umugore we kubera ko atari mu rugo nta shingiro bifite, ndetse ko nta n’icyo byamumarira muri uru rubanza kuko icyangombwa ari uko Cyiza Simon yishe Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André amuteye icyuma mu gatuza (mu cyico) kikamwica atamusembuye nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, kandi uregwa nta kimenyetso kibivuguruza yabitangiye muri uru Rukiko. [14] Yongeyeho ko Cyiza Simon atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera uburemere bw’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi yakoze nk’uko byafashweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza nº RPA 0282/08/CS rwaciwe ku wa 12/03/2010, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Nyirangondo Virginie, aho rwemeje ko kugabanya igihano cyangwa kutakigabanyiriza uwemeye icyaha atari itegeko ku mucamanza, ko ahubwo ashobora no kutagabanya igihano mu gihe asanze hari impamvu ituma iryo gabanyagihano ridakwiye nk’ubugome bw’umwihariko bugaragara mu ikorwa ry’icyaha nk’uko byanemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza nº RPA 0024/09/CS, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mukankusi Victoire, aho Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwemeje ko « bitari itegeko ku mucamanza kugabanya ibihano mu gihe ukurikiranyweho icyaha acyemera(…)1, uretse ko muri uru rubanza, Cyiza Simon atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Ku bijyanye n’ubusembure nk’impamvu Cyiza Simon ashingiraho asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano, ingingo ya 56 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ko “Igihe habaye ubusembure, umucamanza agaragaza mu cyemezo cy’urukiko ingingo zerekana ko imyitwarire y’uwakorewe icyaha ari yo yatumye icyo cyaha gikorwa”. [16] Naho ingingo ya 57, igika cya mbere, agace ka 2, y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rimaze kuvugwa haruguru, igateganya ko “Iyo umucamanza yemeye impamvu zishingiye ku busemburwe bw’uwakoze icyaha, ibihano bigabanywa ku buryo bukurikira: 2º ku cyaha cy’ubugome gihanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka itanu (5) ariko kitarenze imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25), igihano kiragabanywa kikaba igifungo kitari munsi y’amezi atandatu (6) ariko kitarenze imyaka ibiri (2)”. [17] Urukiko rusanga kugira ngo ubusembure bwemerwe, ari uko igikorwa uvuga ko yasembuwe yakorewe cyaba ari icyakozwe kimurenganya. [18] Ku birebana n’igabanyagihano rishingiye ku kwemera icyaha no kugisabira imbabazi, ingingo ya 59, 1º na 3º, y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, iteganya ko “Umucamanza ashobora kugabanya ibihano nk’iyo: ushinjwa, mbere yo gukurikiranwa, yemeye icyaha akagisabira

1Mu rubanza nº RPA 0024/09/CS, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mukankusi Victoire, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye ko « bitari itegeko ku mucamanza kugabanya ibihano mu gihe ukurikiranyweho icyaha acyemera, ahubwo ari uburenganzira gusa itegeko ryamuhaye bwo kuba yagabanyirizwa ibihano, iryo gabanya rero agomba cyakora kugaragariza ibisobanuro mu gihe arikoze akaba yarikora cyangwa ntarikore bitewe n’ibintu abona bijyanye n’icyaha cyabaye, nko kuba uregwa nta kindi cyaha yigeze ahanirwa, kuba yarasannye ibyangijwe, kuba nta ngaruka zikomeye zaturutse kuri icyo cyaha, kuba yaragikoranye ubugome bukabije, kuba kucyemera bidaherekejwe no kucyicuza nyakuri, n’ibindi… »

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imbabazi uwo yakoreye icyaha n’umuryango nyarwanda mu buryo budashidikanywa, akicuza kandi akishyura ibyo yangije nk’uko bari babimutegerejeho n’iyo mu ntangiriro z’iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere, ushinjwa yireze akemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywa”. [19] Imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe muri uru Rukiko, mu gika cyarwo cya 12, igaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwasobanuye ko Cyiza Simon atagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ubusembure kuko abatangabuhamya bose babajijwe bagaragaje ko yishe Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André ubwo yajyaga kubakiza igihe yarwanaga n’umugore we nk’uko byashimagiwe na raporo y’Umuyobozi w’Umudugudu wabo, kuba yari asanzwe akubita umugore we, akanavuga ko azica umuntu wese uzajya gukiza umugore we, bityo ko ibyo bigaragaza ko Cyiza Simon icyaha cy’ubwicanyi abizi neza kandi yabiteguye. [20] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba Cyiza Simon yarasembuwe cyangwa atarasembuwe, inyandikomvugo ziri muri dosiye zigaragaza ko mu Bugenzacyaha, Cyiza Simon yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi, asobanura ko yasanze Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André aho yarari amutera icyuma umugore we yahatishaga ibirayi mu gatuza yikubita hasi arapfa; abajijwe icyo yapfaga n’umugore we, avuga ko bapfuye ibintu by’ubusinzi gusa. [21] Hari kandi umutangabuhamya witwa Niyibizi Jean Bosco wasobanuye mu Bugenzacyaha ko ku wa 08/01/2020, Cyiza Simon yabwiye Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André ngo niyongera kuba kubakiza n’umugore we, azamwica, ko kandi ku wa 09/01/2020, yasanze yamwishe koko. [22] Hari na none umutangabuhamya witwa Nyirahagenimana Séraphine wasobanuye mu Bugenzacyaha ko yiboneye n’amaso ye Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André arigukiza Cyiza Simon warwanaga n’umugore we, maze Cyiza Simon ahita amutera icyuma mu rubavu ahita yitura hasi arapfa. [23] Raporo y’Umuyobozi w’Umudugudu wa Rusamaza yo ku wa 12-13/01/20202 iri muri dosiye, igaragaza ko Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André yumvise umugore wa Cyiza Simon atabaza, ajya kubakiza, ahurirana na Cyiza Simon ku marembo, ahita amutera igisu mu mutima, ahita yitaba Imana. [24] Mu Bugenzacyaha, abatangabuhamya Dukuzemariya Adéline n’umugabo we Mwiseneza Jean Pierre basobanuye ko basanze Cyiza Simon atongana na Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André, barabakiza, ko Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André yigendeye, ariko ko Cyiza Simon yagiye amukurikiye, barafatana, ko Mwiseneza Jean Pierre yabwiye umugore we ko abonye Cyiza Simon afite icyuma kirekire cy’umweru, ko nyuma yaho babonye Cyiza Simon yiruka, naho Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André yitura hasi, barebye, babona Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André avirirana amaraso bajya kumutabariza, ariko arapfa. [25] Urukiko rusanga imvugo za Cyiza Simon n’ubuhamya bwatanzwe n’abatangabuhamya bavuzwe haruguru bigaragaza ko nyakwigendera Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André atasembuye Cyiza Simon, ko ahubwo ari Cyiza Simon wamuhohoteye kubera ko yagiye amukurikiye amusanga aho yari ari amutera icyuma (intwaro gakondo yica) mu gatuza (mu cyico) ahita apfa nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru. [26] Urukiko rusanga ibivugwa na Cyiza Simon n’umwunganira by’uko igihe Cyiza Simon yateraga Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André icyuma kikamwica atarwanaga n’umugore we kubera ko

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atari ahari nta shingiro bifite kubera ko umutangabuhamya witwa Nyirahagenimana Séraphine yemeje ko yiboneye n’amaso ye Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André arimo gukiza Cyiza Simon warwanaga n’umugore we, maze ahita amutera icyuma cyamwishe nk’uko byashimangiwe na raporo y’Ubuyobozi bw’Inzego z’Ibanze yo ku wa 12-13/01/20202 yavuzwe haruguru. [27] Urukiko rusanga nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwabibonye, Cyiza Simon atagabanyirizwa igihano kubera ko atasembuwe, kandi ko atemeye icyaha cy’ubwicanyi mu buryo budashidikanywaho, kuko abeshya ko yakoze icyo cyaha abitewe n’ubusembure, nyamara imikorere y’icyaha ubwayo igaragara ko yishe Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André amuteye icyuma mu gatuza abishaka, ndetse yanakigambiriye kuko Niyibizi Jean Bosco yemeje ko ku wa 08/01/2020, Cyiza Simon yabwiye Ntakasigaye Bizimungu André ko niyongera kuza gukiza arimo arwana n’umugore we, azamwica, ndetse ko bukeye bw’aho ku wa 09/01/2020, Cyiza Simon yamuteye icyuma mu gatuza ahita amwica. [28] Urukiko rusanga rero nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze mu kutagabanyiriza Cyiza Simon igihano kubera impamvu zasobanuwe haruguru, bityo ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [29] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Cyiza Simon nta shingiro bufite ; [30] Ruvuze ko imikirize y’urubanza nº RPA 00146/2020/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ku wa 25/06/2021, idahindutse, bityo igifungo cya burundu CYIZA Simon yahanishijwe kigumyeho ; [31] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’uru rubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.