UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NIYUKURI N’ABANDI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NIYUKURI N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-10-07 - Case/document no.: RPA 00091/2022/HCM - Collection: Military High Court

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NIYUKURI N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RWA GISIRIKARE - RPA 00091/2022/HCM (Hategekiman, P.J., Sumanyi na Kalibu, J.) 07 Ukwakira 2022] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Amategeko ateganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange – Icyaha cy’ubugande - Icyaha cy’ubugande giteganywa mu ngingo ya 301 y’itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange kibaho iyo umusirikare ahawe amabwiriza yerekeye akazi ntagakore – Naho umusirikare ugiye gukora akazi yahawe ariko akagakoreramo n’ibindi byaha ntiyafatwa nk’uwakoze icyaha cy’ubugande. Incamake y’icyibazo: Sgt Niyukuri Michel yari patrol Commander mu kiyaga cya kivu ayoboye, Pte Mucyo Jean de Dieu, Pte Kwizera Jean Claude na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, bafite inshingano zo kurinda “Water Plant” no kubuza abarobyi kuroba bakoresheje imitego itemewe, mu gihe bari muri ako kazi bahuye n’barobyi bakoreha imitego itemewe barayibambura, Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, bayigurisha uwitwa Bamporineza Martin, ibihumbi Magana abiri (200,000 Frw). Ubushinjacyaha bwa gisirikare bwabaregeye urukiko rwa Gisirikare maze rwemeza ko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugurisha ikintu cy’undi n’icyaha cy’Ubugande, bahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2 yrs) n’ihazabu ingana n’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi Magana atanu (500,000 Frw). Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza barajuririra Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, bavuga ko ku rwego rwa mbere bahamijwe icyaha cyo kugurisha ibintu byundi kandi ibikorwa bigize icyo cyaha ataribyo byakozwe ko ahubwo bemera icyaha cyuko bagurishije ibyanyazwe, ariko ko badakwiriye guhanirwa icyaha cyo kugurisha ikintu cy’undi, banavuga ko nta cyaha cy’ubugande cyabayeho kuko akazi bari bahawe bagakoze. Mu iburanisha, Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare yavuze ko amabwiriza yerekeye akazi atubahirijwe kuko aho kugirango bakore akazi babirenzeho bakambura abarobyi imitego itemewe maze bakayigurisha kandi bataragombaga kuyigurisha, ariho Ubushinjacyaha bushingira buvuga ko batigeze bahabwa amabwiriza yo kwambura imitego ngo bayigurishe ahubwo ko bagombaga kuyizana ikangizwa, kuba batarabikoze ko ariho hashingiye icyo cyaha. Incamake y’icyemezo: Icyaha cy’ubugande giteganywa mu ngingo ya 301 y’itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange kibaho iyo umusirikare ahawe amabwiriza yerekeye akazi ntagakore. Naho umusirikare ugiye gukora akazi yahawe ariko akagakoreramo n’ibindi byaha ntiyafatwa nk’uwakoze icyaha cy’ubugande. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yakoreshejwe: Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 177, 248 na 301 Nta manza zashingiwe ho.

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Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Tariki ya 15/11/2021 Sgt Niyukuri Michel yari patrol Commander mu kiyaga cya kivu ayoboye, Pte Mucyo Jean de Dieu, Pte Kwizera Jean Claude na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, bafite inshingano zo kurinda “Water Plant” no kubuza abarobyi kuroba bakoresheje imitego itemewe, mu gihe bari muri ako kazi bahuye n’barobyi bakoreha imitego itemewe barayibambura, Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, bayigurisha uwitwa Bamporineza Martin, ibihumbi Magana abiri (200,000 Frw) abanza kubishyura ibihumbi Mirongo cyenda (90,000 Frw), barayagabana, andi asigaye ibihumbi ijana na cumi (110,000 Frw), Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel yaje kujya kuyishyuza, arayahabwa ariko aza kuyafatanwa batarayagabana, kuva ubwo bahise bakurikiranwa n’Ubushinjacyaha, baregerwa Urukiko rwa Gisirikare. [2] Urubanza rwahawe nimero RP 00137/2021/MT, kurwego rwa mbere ruburanishwa n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare maze ruca urubanza tariki ya 26/05/2022, rwemeza ko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kugurisha ikintu cy’undi n’icyaha cy’Ubugande, bahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2 yrs) n’ihazabu ingana n’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi Magana atanu (500,000 Frw). Mu kubahamya ibyaha rwashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya Pte Mucyo Jean de Dieu na Pte Kwizera Jean Claude, bari kumwe kuri “Patrol”. Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel ntibishimiye imikirize y’urubanza barajurira, Ubujurire bwa Sgt Niyukuri Michel bwakiriwe muri System ya “IECMS” y’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare kuwa 06/06/2022, avuga ko ku rwego rwa mbere yahamijwe icyaha cyo kugurisha ibintu byundi kandi ibikorwa bigize icyo cyaha ataribyo byakozwe kandi ko n’abatangabuhamya bavuguruzanya, icyakora mu iburana yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi. Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel we yajuriye tariki ya 22/06/2022 yemera icyaha cyuko bagurishije ibyanyazwe, ariko ko adakwiriye guhanirwa icyaha cyo kugurisha ikintu cy’undi, anavuga ko nta cyaha cy’ubugande cyabayeho kuko akazi bari bahawe bagakoze, maze asaba ko yagabanirizwa ibihano. Nyuma yo kwakira ubujurire iburanisha ryashyizwe kuwa 12/09/2022, ruburanishirizwa mu ruhame ahakorewe icyaha mu Karere ka Rubavu, hemezwa ko imikirize yarwo izasomwa tariki ya 07/09/2022. [3] Muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: (i) Ese koko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel baba barakoze icyaha cyo kugurisha ikintu cy’undi cyangwa niba ari ukurigisa ibyanyazwe? (ii) Ese ko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel nta cyaha cy’ubugande bakoze? (iii) Ese ko ukwemera icyaha kwa Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel byababera impamvu zituma bagabanirizwa ibihano bakatiwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare? (iv) Ku byerekeye ibihano

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II. ISESENGURWA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA a. Kumenya niba Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel baba barakoze icyaha cyo kugurisha ikintu cy’undi cyangwa niba ari ukurigisa ibyanyazwe [4] Ingingo 177 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ivuga ko, Umuntu wese ugurisha cyangwa utangaho ingwate ikintu cyimukanwa cyangwa kitimukanwa azi ko atari icye aba akoze icyaha, naho ingingo ya 248 y’iryo tegeko, iteganya ko Umuntu wese ushinzwe kurinda ibyanyazwe ubirigisa, ubyonona cyangwa ubyangiza nkana, aba akoze icyaha. Nanone ingingo ya 76 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko umucamanza ashobora guhindura inyito y’icyaha iyo asanze ibikorwa bikigize bishobora gutuma habaho kwibeshya ku nyito yacyo. [5] Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire yashyikirije Urukiko avuga ko icyaha gikwiriye guhindurirwa inyito kuko ibikorwa biteganywa n’ingingo ya 177 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, atari byo byabaye ahubwo ko habayeho igikorwa cyo kunyaga noneho ibyanyazwe biragurishwa ko rero hari hakwiriye gushingirwa ku ngingo ya 248 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [6] Sgt Niyukuri Michel yaburanye ubujurire bwe avuga ko tariki ya 15/11/2021 bagiye kuri Patrol mu kiyaga cya Kivu, bakaba bari bafite amabwiriza yo kurinda “Water Plant“ no kugenzura ko nta barobyi bakoresha imitego itemewe yica mafi, kandi ko amabwiriza bari bafite ar’uko uwo basanganye iyo mitego bayimunyaga, bakayishyikiriza Ubuyobozi maze bakayangiza ariko ko atari ko bo babigenje ahubwo ko bageze mu mazi bahura n’abarobyi bafite imitego itatu (3) itemewe, barayibanyaga maze Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel kuko ariwe wari ufite Telephone ahamagara Bamporineza Martin araza abaha ibihumbi mirongocyenda (90,000 Frw) bayagabana uko ari bane, buri wese atwara ibihumbi ma kumyabiri na bibiri na magana atanu (22,500 Frw). [7] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare avuga ko ingingo ikwiriye gushingirwaho ari iya 177 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ngo kuko ibikorwa byakozwe n’abaregwa ari uko bagurishije imitego itari iyabo, aribyo bigize icyaha cyo kugurisha ibintu by’abandi, ko hadakwiriye gukorehswa ingingo ya 248 y’iryo tegeko ryavuzwe haruguru nkuko baburana bavuga. [8] Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rusanga mu mabwiriza abari bagiye kuri “Patrol’ mu kiyaga cya Kivu bahawe, harimo ay’uko uwo basangana imitego itemewe bayimunyaga, aribwo Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel bitwaje ayo mabwiriza banyaga abarobyi imitego itatu (3), kandi nyuma yo kunyaga bagombaga kuyirinda kugeza bayigejeje ku buyobozi bwa Unit ngo yangizwe, aho kubikora gutyo barayirigishije. Bityo rero nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 76 y’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, iyo ibikorwa byerekeye icyaha bishobora gutera ukwibeshya ku cyaha cyakozwe, umucamanza ashobora guhuza ibikorwa byakozwe n’itegeko maze agahindura inyito y’icyaha. Rusanga ibi bikorwa byakozwe ari ukunyaga imitego, kandi kunyaga byo ukurikije amabwiriza bari babyemerewe, ahubwo nk’uko byakorwaga nuko nyuma yo kunyaga itagejejwe aho yagombaga kujya “kubuyobozi bwa Unit”. Ibikorwa bikaba bihuye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 248 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha

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n’ibihano muri rusange, aho kuba ingingo ya 177 y’iryo tegeko, bityo inyito y’icyaha ikaba ari ukurigisa ibyanyazwe aho kuba ukugurisha ikintu cy’undi. b. Kumenya niba Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel nta cyaha cy’ubugande bakoze [9] Ingingo ya 301 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange Umusirikare wese wanga kumvira amabwiriza y’umutegeka cyangwa uwanga nkana gukurikiza amategeko yahawe yerekeye akazi, aba akoze icyaha cy’ubugande. [10] Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire wakozwe na Me Nagasenge Batamuriza yashyikirije Urukiko avuga ko yoherejwe kukazi ko kurinda Water Plant kandi ko akazi kakozwe neza, ariko ko icyabayeho aruko mu gukora akazi bari bahawe bakozemo ibyaha, ko rero bidakwiriye kwitwa ubugande kuko amabwiriza yerekeye akazi yubahirijwe. Sgt Niyukuri Michel nawe yasobanuye ko bagiye kukazi ko kurinda Water Plant kandi ngo baragakoze kugeza mu gitondo nta kibazo kindi cyabayeho. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare avuga ko amabwiriza yerekeye akazi atubahirijwe kuko aho kugirango bakore akazi babirenzeho bakambura abarobyi imitego itemewe maze bakayigurisha kandi, bataragombaga kuyigurisha, ariho Ubushinjacyaha bushingira buvuga ko batigeze bahabwa amabwiriza yo kwambura imitego ngo bayigurishe ahubwo ko bagombaga kuyizana ikangizwa, kuba batarabikoze ko ariho hashingiye icyo cyaha. [12] Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rusanga icyaha cy’ubugande giteganywa mu ngingo ya 301 y’itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, kibaho iyo umusirikare ahawe amabwiriza yerekeye akazi, akagenda nkugiye gukora akazi ariko nta gakore icyo gihe aba yanze akazi nkana, cyangwa se mu gihe ugutegeka atanze akazi umusirikare agahaye akanga ku gakora. Naho kuri Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, bahawe akazi ko kujya gukora irondo “Patrol” mu mazi no kurinda “Water Plant”, bagezeyo akazi baragakoze n’ubwo bwose mu gukora ako kazi bakozemo ibindi byaha, ariko bidakuraho ko boherejwe kukazi bakagenda ndetse banagakora, ntaho ubuyobozi bwa Unit bugaragaza ko bagiye kuri ako kazi yenda ngo bagaruke nti bagakore ngo babe bakanze nkana cyangwa se ngo babe barabohereje kukazi ngo bange icyabaye gusa n’uko bakoreyemo ibyaha ariko akazi ko karakozwe. Bityo rero nta cyaha cy’ubugande cyabayeho hashingiwe kubimaze gusobanurwa, kuburyo abaregwa badakwiriye kukiryozwa. c. Kumenya niba ukwemera icyaha kwa Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel byatuma bagabanirizwa ibihano bakatiwe ku rwego rwa mbere [13] Ingingo ya 58: y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange Umucamanza ubwe ni we ugena niba impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemezwa n’umucamanza zahabwa agaciro. Kwemeza impamvu nyoroshyacyaha bigomba gusobanurwa mu cyemezo cy’urukiko. [14] Sgt Niyukuri Michel yabanje guhakana icyaha ariko nyuma aza kwisubiraha aburana yemera icyaha kuburyo budashidikanywaho asaba imbabazi, z’uko yagiye kuri Patrol mu kiyaga cya Kivu, bahura n’ubwato bw’abarobyi bafite imitego itemewe (03) we na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel barayibambura bumvikana ko bayishakira uyigura aribwo Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel kuko ariwe wari

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ufite Telephone ahamagara Bamporineza Martin araza abaha ibihumbi mirongo cyenda (90,000 Frw) bayagabana uko ari bane, ariko we akaba yarazi ko bayiguze ibihumbi ijana na mirongo itatu (130,000 Frw) kuko ariko Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel yari yamubwiye. [15] Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel imbere y’Urukiko yavuze ko yemera icyaha cyo kuba tariki ya 15/11/2021 baroherejwe kuri Patrol ari abasirikare 4, bayobowe na Sgt Niyukuri Michel ngo bageze mu mazi bahura n’ubwato burimo abarobyi bafite imitego itemewe itatu (3) we na Sgt Niyukuri Michel barayibanyaga noneho bayigurisha uwitwa Bamporineza Martin, ku giciro cy’amafaranga ibihumbi Magana abiri (200,000 Frw) ku ikubitiro abaha amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo cyenda (90,000 Frw), bahita bayagabana uko bari bane buri wese afata amafaranga ibihumbi Makumyabiri na bibiri Magana atanu (22500 Frw), aho bagereye mu kigo bavuye kukazi Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel yagiye gufata amafaranga ibihumbi ijana na cumi (110,000 Frw) yari yasigaye, akaba yaranayafatanywe. [16] Umutangabuhamya Pte Mucyo Jean de Dieu yavuze ko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Bayavuge Emmanuel bari kumwe na Pte Kwizera J Claude bajyanye ku kazi maze abaregwa banyaga abarobyi imitego itatu (3), itemewe gukoreshwa mu Kiyaga cya Kivu, barayigurisha, ku mafaranga bayikuyemo buri umwe yahawe amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri na bibiri Magana atanu (22,500 Frw). [17] Uhagariye Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare avuga ko uwakoze icyaha igihe icyari cyose urubanza rutarapfundikirwa ashobora gusaba imbabazi maze mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko rukabisuzuma. Yakomeje avuga ko kuri Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel yateye intambwe yo gusaba imbabazi atabihatiwe, Urukiko rukaba rwazabisuzuma naho kuri Sgt Niyukuri Michel ngo ukwicuza kwe nti kuvuye ku mutima, nabyo Urukiko rukaba rwazabisuzuma. [18] Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rusanga Urukiko rw’ikirenga mu rubanza RPA 0278/09/CS rwa Uwimana Jean Pierre na Ntawumenyumunsi J Bosco, rwaravuze ko nta gihe ntarengwa uregwa adashobora gusaba imbabazi bipfa gusa kuba urubanza rutarapfundikirwa, kuba Sgt Niyukuri n’ubwo yabanje kuburana atavuga neza imikorerwe y’icyaha ariko yaje gusaba imbabazi anavuga uko icyaha cyakozwe, anakicuza kuburyo budashidikanywaho, aho byaje no kugaragara ko atariwe wahamagaye ugura iyo mitego ahubwo ari Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel kuko ariwe wari ufite Telephone ndetse binashimangirwa n’uko Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel ariwe waje kujya kuzana amafaranga yari yasigaye, akaba rero atari kujya kwishyuza uwo bahaye imitego batavuganye. [19] Rusanga kuri Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel nawe yaratakambiye Urukiko asaba imbabazi abasirikare bagenzi be n’ubuyobozi bwa Unit ndetse anavuga uko ibikorwa byo kugurisha iyo mitego byakozwe, n’amafaranga yahawe uburyo bayamusanganye, ibi bigaragaza ko yatangiye kwisubiraho kuburyo amaze kumva ububi bw’icyaha. Bityo Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel Urukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 58 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, rusanga umucamanza ariwe uha agaciro impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, bityo rero nta cyatuma rutaha agaciro ukwemera icyaha kwa Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel kuko bari munzira yo kugororoka kandi bakaba bamaze kumenya ububi bw’icyaha, akaba ari nabwo bwambere bashyikirijwe inkiko, kandi icyaha bakoze ntawe cyagizeho ingaruka, ibi bikaba byababera impamvu zatuma bagabanirizwa igihano bakatiwe ku rwego rwa mbere. d. Ibyerekeye ibihano

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[20] Ingingo ya 60 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange: Igabanya ry’igihano mu gihe hari impamvu zigabanya ububi bw’icyaha zemezwa n’umucamanza ibihano bishobora kugabanywa nkiyo igihano cy’igifungo kimara igihe kizwi cyangwa ihazabu bishobora kugabanywa ariko ntibijye munsi y’igihano gito ntarengwa giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe. Ingingo ya 248 iteganya ko umuntu wese uhamwe n’icyaha cyo kurigisa ibyanyazwe ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo kitari hasi y’umwaka umwe, ariko kitarenze imyaka ibiri n’ihazabu itari munsi ya miliyoni imwe ariko itarenze miliyoni ebyiri (2,000,000 Frw). Igihano cyo hasi kuri iki cyaha mu gihe hari impamvu zemejwe n’umucamanza zigabanya ububi bw’icyaha n’Umwaka umwe n’ihazabu ya miliyoni imwe (1,000,000 Frw). [21] Sgt Niyukuri Michel, avuga ko yagabanirizwa ibihano yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere kuko yemera ko yakoze nabi ariko akaba atazongera gukora icyaha nk’icyo. Naho Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire yavuze ko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 60 y’itegeko riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange maze akaba yagabanirizwa ibihano yahawe ku rwego rwambere kuko aburana yemera icyaha ndetse akaba aribwo bwambere akoze icyaha. [22] Uhagariye Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare avuga ko abaregwa badakwiriye kugabanyirizwa ibihano ahubwo ko ibyo bakatiwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare byagumishwaho uko byakabaye. [23] Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare rusanga “Criminal law “iteganya impamvu 5 ibihano bitangwa1, bumwe muribwo harimo uguha umwanya uwakoze icyaha kugirango yitekerezeho, abone ububi bw’icyaha n’ingaruka zacyo kugirango ashobore kwisubiraho (rehabilitation)2, Urukiko mu byo rusuzuma mugihe rusuzuma ibyerekeye itangwa ry’ibihano, rureba niba hari ingaruka zikomeye icyaha cyagize. Kuba Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel bemera icyaha kandi bakagaragaza ko bicuza bibavuye ku mutima,bigaragaza ko igihe bamaze bafunze byatumye bitekerezaho kuburyo bagabanyirijwe igihano byabaha amahirwe yo kwisubiraho mu gihe bageze mu bandi bakorana, dore ko ari n’ubwambere bakurikiranywe n’inkiko nta n’ingaruka icyaha cyateje, bityo ntacyabuza ko bagabanirizwa igihano cy’igifungo bakatiwe, bakaba bahabwa igihano cyo hasi giteganywa n’ingingo ya 248 y’itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. [24] Kubyerekeye igihano cy’ihazabu yahawe, rusanga ingingo ya 156 y’itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, riteganya ko Urukiko rwajuririwe ruburanisha gusa ubujurire mu mbibi z’icyajuririwe. Urukiko rufata icyemezo ku ngingo zatumye uwatanze ubujurire ajurira cyangwa uwabwuririyeho na we akajurira, bityo rero rusanze rudashobora kongera igihano cy’ihazabu ngo rukivane ku mafaranga ibihumbi Magana atanu (500,000 Frw), kuko Ubushinjacyaha butigeze bujurira muri uru rubanza, bityo ihazabu bakatiwe ku rwego rwambere akaba ariyo igumishijweho. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO 1 Criminal law, the purpose deterrence of punishment: incapacitation, rehabilitation, retribution, and restitution. 2 Rehabilitation of offenders. Sentencing may seek to reduce the risk of reoffending through the effective rehabilitation of offenders, providing people with the opportunity to change and move away from past offending behaviour

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[25] Rwemeye kwakira ubujurire bwa Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel kuko bwaje mu buryo no mu bihe byubahirije amategeko rubusuzumye rusanga bufite ishingiro; [26] Rwemeje ko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kurigisa ibyanyazwe; [27] Rukijije ko Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, batsinzwe. [28] Ruhanishije Sgt Niyukuri Michel na Pte Bayavuge Emmanuel, buri wese igihano cy’igifungo cy’umwaka umwe (1) n’ihazabu ingana n’ibihumbi Magana atanu by’amafaranga y’ u Rwanda (500,000 Frw). [29] Ruvuze ko urubanza RP 00137/2020/MT rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare tariki ya 26/05/2022 ruhindutse.