MUSHIKIWABO N’UNDI vs LETSHEGO RWANDA LTD N’UNDI

# MUSHIKIWABO N’UNDI vs LETSHEGO RWANDA LTD N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-02-24 - Case/document no.: RCOMA 00056/2023/HCC - Collection: Commercial High Court

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MUSHIKIWABO N’UNDI vs LETSHEGO RWANDA LTD N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RUKURU RW’UBUCURUZI – RCOMA 00056/2023/HCC (Mutajiri, P.J.,) 24 Gashyantare 2023] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ingwate – cyamunara – Uburiganya butesha agaciro inyandiko ijyanye nabwo – Kuba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko inyandiko zifashishijwe mu gutanga ingwate yatanzwe mu buriganya, iyo ngwate iteshwa agaciro, maze cyamunara ishingiyeho nayo igateshwa agaciro, ibintu bigasubira uko byari bimeze. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uwitwa Mushikiwabo Angelique avuga ko yasabye inguzanyo muri Letshego Rwanda Ltd, maze atanga ingwate y’ibibanza bibiri hamwe n’inzu yatijwe na (nyirabukwe) witwa Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, iyo nguzanyo yishingirwa n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric. Mushikiwabo Angelique n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric, bahaye Letshego Rwanda Ltd inyandiko yiswe “gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira bwo guhagararirwa”, ivuga ko batijwe ingwate na Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, kandi ko uyu ahaye umwana we Munyarubuga Eric uburenganzira bwo kumusinyira mu mwanya wose hasabwa umukono we mu kwaka iyo nguzanyo. Nyuma yaho, Letshigo Rwanda Ltd yagendeye kuri izo nyandiko yatanzwe n’abahawe inguzanyo maze yandikisha iyo ngwate muri RDB, ibaha inguzanyo, ariko nyuma bananirwa kwishyura, nibwo Letshego Rwanda Ltd isabye Umwanditsi Mukuru gufata icyemezo kiyihesha uburenganzira bwo kugurisha ingwate, bityo inzu igurishwa muri cyamunara yegukanwa na sosiyete Developement Samuel . Abavandimwe ba Munyarubuga Eric ku babyeyi bombi, bamaze kumenya ko inzu y’umubyeyi wabo yagurishijwe muri cyamunara ku nguzanyo yasabwe n’umuvandimwe wabo n’umugore we, bandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru bamusaba gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara, bavuga ko umubyeyi wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc atigeze atiza iyo nzu umukazana we n’umuhungu we ngo bayitangeho ingwate muri banki, ahubwo ko uwo mubyeyi wabo yarwaye ajya kwivuriza mu gihugu cy’Ububirigi mu mwaka wa 2014, aremberayo kugeza yitabye Imana muri 2019 ataragaruka mu Rwanda, maze bakora inyandiko mpimbano yiswe “gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira bwo guhagararirwa”, bazitirira umubyeyi wabo, bahimba ko yazisinyiye imbere ya Notaire, kandi zarakozwe atari mu gihugu, ndetse zimwe zikorwa yaramaze gupfa. Umwanditsi Mukuru amaze kubona ibaruwa y’abarega, yabashubije abamenyesha ko adashobora gutesha agaciro cyamunara, kubera ko inyandiko zavuzwe haruguru zashingiweho mu kwandikisha iyo ngwate, ari inyandikomvaho ziriho umukono wa Notaire wemeje ko umubyeyi wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc yamusinyiye imbere atiza ingwate kandi atanga ububasha bwo guhagararirwa. Abarega ntibanyuzwe n’icyemezo cy’Umwanditsi Mukuru cyo kwanga gusesa iyo cyamunara, nibwo baregeye Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi barusaba gukuraho iyo cyamunara, bavuga ko umubyeyi

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wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc yitabye Imana kuwa 16/10/2019 ataragaruka mu Rwanda, kandi ko inyandiko yahawe banki yo kuwa 28/03/2019 yakozwe umubyeyi wabo ari mu bitaro mu gihugu cy’Ububirigi, naho ko iyo kuwa 15/06/2020, yakozwe umubyeyi wabo yaramaze gupfa, bityo ko atashoboraga gutiza ingwate cyangwa gutanga ububasha ngo abisinyire imbere ya Notaire kandi atari mu gihugu cyangwa atakiriho. Abaregwa biregura bavuga ko cyamunara ikwiye kugumaho kuko basabye inguzanyo kugirango basane inzu iburanwa kuko babyemeranyijweho nk’umuryango, maze babishinga Munyarubuga. Letshigo Rwanda Ltd avuga ko cyamunara itateshwa agaciro nkuko abahawe inguzanyo babisaba, mu gihe inyandikomvaho zashingiyeho zitarateshwa agaciro n’urubanza nshinjabyaha ku cyaha cy’inyandiko mpimbano Mushikiwabo Angelique na Munyarubuga Eric bakurikiranyweho n’Ubushinjacyaha. Uwaguze muri cyamunara umutungo uburanwa yagobotse muri uru rubanza ku bushake kugira ngo agaragaze ko yaguze inzu muri cyamunara mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, bityo ko iyo cyamunara idakwiye guteshwa agaciro. Urukiko mu guca urubanza rwemeje ko cyamunara iteshejwe agaciro, maze inzu igasubira mu maboko y’abazungura bose ba Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, maze uwari wayiguze agasubizwa ikiguzi yatanze. Mushikiwabo Angelique wahawe inguzanyo ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze ajurira asaba gusuzuma niba cyamunara yari ikwiye guteshwa agaciro nkuko urukiko rubanza rwabitegetse avuga ko asanga hataragombaga gusuzuma ikirego cy’imbonezamubano mu gihe hakiri ikirego cy’inshinjabyaha kitaraburanishwa, bityo akaba asaba ko Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakemeza ko imikirize y’urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi yahinduka mu ngingo zarwo zose, maze rukemeza ko icyamunara yakozwe kumutungo wavuzwe haruguru igumanye agaciro kayo. Munyarubuga Eric wishingiye inguzanyo nawe avuga ko attestation de décès yoherejwe ivuye mu Bubirigi itahabwa agaciro kuko itacishijwe muri ambassade, kandi ko cyamunara itaragombaga guteshwa agaciro kuko amasezerano y’ingwate ndetse na Procuration byose byasinyiwe imbere ya Notaire ndetse n’iyo ngwate ikaba yarandikishijwe muri RDB, bityo ko cyamunara igomba kugumana agaciro kayo. Abavandimwe ba Munyarubuga Eric bareganye biregura bavuga ko ibyo avuga bitahabwa ishingiro, kuko ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu gufata icyemezo ku rwego rubanza batabashije kubivuguruza, bityo ko basaba ko cyamunara ikomeza guteshwa agaciro kuko yakozwe ku mutungo utaratanzwe na nyirawo kuko yari yarapfuye. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kuba hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko inyandiko zifashishijwe mu gutanga ingwate yatanzwe mu buriganya, iyo ngwate iteshwa agaciro, maze cyamunara ishingiyeho nayo igateshwa agaciro, ibintu bigasubira uko byari bimeze. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N°15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 110.

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Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza RSOCAA 00007/2018/CA rwa Murekatete vs Diyosezi Gatorika ya Byumba rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa …. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, inkomoko y’urubanza akaba arukuba kuwa 10/08/2021, Mushikiwabo Angelique yasabye inguzanyo muri Letshego Rwanda Ltd ingana n’amafaranga miliyoni 30.000.000, atanga ingwate y’ibibanza bibiri n’inzu iherereye mu mudugudu w’Umutekano, akagari ka Nyabugogo, Umurenge wa Muhima, akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, iri mu kibanza gifite UPI 1/01/06/04/70, yanditse kuri (nyirabukwe) Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, kandi yishingirwa n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric. [2] Iyo ngwate y’inzu yavuzwe haruguru ijya gutangwa, Mushikiwabo Angelique n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric, bagaragarije Letshigo Rwanda Ltd inyandiko yakorewe mu murenge wa Kirehe kuwa 28/03/2019 yiswe “gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira bwo guhagararirwa”, ivuga ko Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc atije Mushikiwabo Angelique n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric inzu yavuzwe haruguru ngo bayitangeho ingwate muri banki, kandi ko ahaye umwana we Munyarubuga Eric uburenganzira bwo kumusinyira mu mwanya wose hasabwa umukono we mu kwaka iyo nguzanyo n’inyandiko yo kuwa 15/06/2020 na yo yakorewe mu murenge wa Kirehe, yiswe “gutanga uburenganzira”, ivuga ko Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc ahaye uburenganzira n’ububasha umwana we Munyarubuga Eric bwo kumusinyira aho yakabaye yisinyira imbere ya Notaire w’ubutaka mu murenge wa Muhima, ku nyandiko itiza umugore we Mushikiwabo Angelique umutungo we (inzu) wavuzwe haruguru kugira ngo awutangeho ingwate muri banki ya Letshego Rwanda Ltd, ko igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, ahasabwa ko ari we wahasinya, hasinywa n’umuhungu we Munyarubuga Eric, ngo kuko we arwaye indwara idashobora kumwemerera kugenda mu modoka ngo agere i Kigali. Izo nyandiko zombi zashyizweho umukono na Notaire w’umurenge wa Kirehe, Uwamahoro Jean de Dieu yemeza ko Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc wari utije ingwate kandi atanze ububasha bwo guhagararirwa amusinyiye imbere. [3] Kuwa 10/08/2021, Letshigo Rwanda Ltd yagendeye kuri izo nyandiko yeretswe na Mushikiwabo Angelique n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric, yandikisha iyo ngwate muri RDB, ibaha inguzanyo y’amafaranga miliyoni 30.000.000, nyuma bananirwa kwishyura, nibwo Letshigo Rwanda Ltd isabye Umwanditsi Mukuru gufata icyemezo kiyihesha uburenganzira bwo kugurisha ingwate (inzu yavuzwe haruguru), Umwanditsi Mukuru aragitanga, inzu igurishwa muri cyamunara yo ku wa 02/12/2022, yegukanwa na Developement Samuel ku mafaranga 29.350.000. [4] Abarega muri uru rubanza, bakaba n’abavandimwe ba Munyarubuga Eric ku babyeyi bombi, bamaze kumenya ko inzu y’umubyeyi wabo yagurishijwe muri cyamunara ku nguzanyo yasabwe n’umuvandimwe wabo, bandikiye Umwanditsi Mukuru bamusaba gutesha agaciro iyo cyamunara, basobanura ko umubyeyi wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc atigeze atiza iyo nzu umukazana we n’umuhungu we ngo bayitangeho ingwate muri banki, ahubwo ko uwo mubyeyi wabo yarwaye ajya kwivuriza mu gihugu cy’Ububirigi muri 2014, aremberayo kugeza yitabye

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Imana muri 2019 ataragaruka mu Rwanda, bityo ko inyandiko zavuzwe haruguru bagaragarije Banki, ari inyandiko bihimbiye bazitirira umubyeyi wabo, bahimba ko yazisinyiye imbere ya Notaire, kandi ngo zarakozwe atari mu gihugu, ndetse zimwe zikorwa yaramaze gupfa. [5] Umwanditsi Mukuru amaze kubona ibaruwa y’abarega, yabashubije abamenyesha ko adashobora gutesha agaciro cyamunara, kubera ko inyandiko zavuzwe haruguru zashingiweho mu kwandikisha iyo ngwate, ari inyandikomvaho ziriho umukono wa Notaire wemeje ko umubyeyi wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc yamusinyiye imbere atiza ingwate kandi atanga ububasha bwo guhagararirwa. [6] Abarega ntibanyuzwe n’icyemezo cy’Umwanditsi Mukuru cyo kwanga gusesa iyo cyamunara, nibwo baregeye Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi barusaba gukuraho iyo cyamunara, basobanura ko umubyeyi wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc yarwaye, bamusaba kubasanga mu Buburigi ngo bamuvuze, ahagera ku wa 02/05/2014 bakomeza kumuvuza biranga, yitaba Imana kuwa 16/10/2019 ataragaruka mu Rwanda, bakomeza basobanura ko inyandiko yo kuwa 28/03/2019 yakozwe umubyeyi wabo ari mu bitaro mu gihugu cy’Ububirigi, naho ko iyo kuwa 15/06/2020, yakozwe umubyeyi wabo yaramaze gupfa, kuko yapfuye kuwa 16/10/2019, bityo ko atashoboraga gutiza ingwate cyangwa gutanga ububasha ngo abisinyire imbere ya Notaire kandi atari mu gihugu cyangwa atakiriho, ahubwo ko izo nyandiko banki yashingiyeho itanga inguzanyo kandi igurisha umutungo w’umuryango wabo ari impimbano zahimbwe na Mushikiwabo Angelique n’umugabo we Munyarubuga Eric bagamije kwihesha umutungo badafitiye uburenganzira, bagaragaza ibimenyetso biTandukanye bigaragaza igihe umubyeyi wabo Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc yaviriye mu Rwanda agiye mu Bubirigi, igihe yapfiriye n’aho yapfiriye n’inyandiko ya Notaire w’umurenge wa Kirehe yandikiye abarega abamenyesha ko umukono witiriwe uwe na cachet yitiriwe kuba iye akoresha mu kazi biri ku nyandiko zo kuwa 28/03/2019 n’iyo kuwa 15/06/2020, ari ibihimbano. Basoza basaba ko abaregwa bafatanya kubaha indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza zingana n’amafaranga 4.000.000 n’igihembo cy’Avoka kingana n’amafaranga 1.500.000. [7] Me Sematungo Clément uburanira Mushikiwabo Angelique na Munyarubuga Eric, avuga ko inguzanyo abakiriya be basabye muri Letshigo Rwanda Ltd, batayikoresheje mu nyungu zabo bwite, ahubwo ko byaturutse mu nama y’umuryango yabaye kuwa 09/02/2018, bemeranywa ko bagomba gusana inzu y’umuryango kandi ngo babishinga Munyarubuga Eric, ari yo mpamvu yasabye inguzanyo kugira ngo asane iyo nzu y’umuryango, bityo ko cyamunara ikwiye kugumaho, cyane ko ngo hari n’imitungo bwite y’abakiriya be yagurishijwe muri iyo cyamunara, kuko ngo amafaranga yavuye mu nzu y’umuryango atashoboye kurangiza umwenda wishyuzwaga. Agaragaza inyandiko y’inama y’umuryango yo kuwa 09/02/2018, na video y’amajwi yumvikanamo umuntu wavugaga ibijyanye n’inguzanyo ya banki. Asoza asaba ko abakiriya be bahabwa indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza zingana na 2.000.000. [8] Me Munyangabe Henry Pierre uburanira Letshigo Rwanda Ltd avuga ko ikirego cy’abarega kidakwiye guhabwa ishingiro, asobanura ko Letshigo Rwanda Ltd yatanze inguzanyo kandi yemera ingwate irayandikisha ishingiye ku nyandikomvaho, bityo ko cyamunara yabaye nta buryo yateshwa agaciro mu gihe inyandikomvaho zashingiyeho zitarateshwa agaciro n’urubanza nshinjabyaha ku cyaha cy’inyandiko mpimbano Mushikiwabo Angelique na Munyarubuga Eric bakurikiranyweho n’Ubushinjacyaha mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, byongeye kandi ngo inyandiko abarega bagaragaza nk’ibimenyetso zavuye mu

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mahanga, ntizikwiye guhabwa agaciro ngo kuko zitanyujijwe muri Ambassade. Asoza asaba ko abarega bategekwa guha Letshigo Rwanda Ltd indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’Avoka zingana n’amafaranga 800.000. [9] Rwanda Development Board yahamagawe kandi imenyeshwa mu buryo bukurikije amategeko ntiyitaba, nta mpamvu, abarega basaba ko yaburanishwa idahagarariwe, maze Urukiko rwemeza ko urubanza ruburanishwa idahagarariwe. [10] Me Cyubahiro David uburanira Developement Samuel, avuga ko umukiriya we yagobotse muri uru rubanza ku bushake kugira ngo agaragaze ko inzu yaguze muri cyamunara, yayiguze mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, bityo ko iyo cyamunara idakwiye guteshwa agaciro ngo yamburwe inzu yaguze. [11] Urukiko muguca urubanza rwemeye ko ikirego RCOM 00017/2023/TC gisaba gutesha agaciro cyamunara, rwashyikirijwe na Munyarubuga Alice, Munyarubuga Aline, Munyarubuga Valens na Umulisa Munyarubuga Grace, gifite ishingiro. Rwemeje ko cyamunara yakozwe kuwa 02/12/2022, hagurishwa inzu iri mu kibanza gifite UPI 1/01/06/04/70 yanditse kuri Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, iherereye mu mudugudu w’Umutekano, akagari ka Nyabugogo, Umurenge wa Muhima, akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, iteshejwe agaciro. Rwategetse ko inzu iri mu kibanza gifite UPI 1/01/06/04/70 yanditse kuri Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, iherereye mu mudugudu w’Umutekano, akagari ka Nyabugogo, Umurenge wa Muhima, akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, isubira mu maboko y’abazungura bose ba Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc. Rwategetse Letshigo Rwanda Ltd gusubiza Developement Samuel amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’icyenda n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itanu (29.350.000 FRW) y’ikiguzi cy’inzu yishyuwe avuye muri cyamunara iteshejwe agaciro. Rwategetse ko umwenda Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique basanzwe bafitiye Letshigo Rwanda Ltd hiyongeraho amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana cyenda na mitongo itatu na bitanu na magana atatu na mirongo inani n’umunani (1.935.388FRW) yakoreshejwe muri cyamunara, akaba yaravanywe mu mafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’icyenda n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itanu (29.350.000 FRW) Development Samuel yishyuye. Rwategetse Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique gufatanya guha Munyarubuga Alice, Munyarubuga Aline, Munyarubuga Valens na Umulisa Munyarubuga Grace, indishyi z’ibyo batanze ku rubanza zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1.000.000 FRW) y’igihembo cy’Abavoka bababuraniye. Rwategetse Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique gufatanya gusubiza Munyarubuga Alice, Munyarubuga Aline, Munyarubuga Valens na Umulisa Munyarubuga Grace, amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 FRW) y’ingwate y’amagarama batanze binjiza ikirego cyabo. [12] Mushikiwabo Angelique ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza maze, Me Sematungo Clément mu mwanya we ajurira asaba gusuzuma niba icyamunara cyakozwe kumutungo ufite UPI 01/01/06/04/70 ubaruye kuri Musibirege Jeanne D'arc yaragombaga guteshwa agaciro no gusuzuma niba abaregwa bategekwa kwishyura indishyi. [13] Abaregwa mukugira icyo bavuga ku mpamvu z’ubujurire, Me Munyangabe Henri Pierre mu mwanya wa banki avuga ko ubujurire bwa Mushikiwabo Angélique na Munyarubuga Eric bufite ishingiro kuko umutungo batanzeho ingwate wandikishijwe muri RDB nk’ingwate, yewe n’inyandiko zashishingiweho kugira ngo iyo ngwate yandikwe zitigeze ziteshwa agaciro, ko nk’uko bigaragazwa n’imyanzuro y’abarega ndetse n’ibimenyetso bashingiragaho ku rwego

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rubanza, bigaragara ko bemera ko Mushikiwabo Angélique n’umugabo we bahawe umwenda na Letshigo Rwanda Ltd lc kandi bakaba baranananiwe kubahiriza amasezerano y’inguzanyo, byumvikana rero ko ingwate yahawe Banki mu buryo bukurikije amategeko yagombaga kuyigurisha kugira ngo ibone ubwishyu bwayo. Naho Me Mukarusine Agnès mu mwanya wa Munyarubuga Valens yiregura ko ubujurire nta shingiro bufite kubera ko abavandimwe ba Munyarubuga Eric biregura kuri iyi ngingo, basubiza Mushikiwabo Angelique ko ibyo avuga nta shingiro bifite, ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu gufata icyemezo ku rwego rubanza, ni byinshi kandi ntibabashije kubivuguruza, harimo icyemezo cy'uwapfuye cyatanzwe n'umurenge wa Muhima ndetse n'inyandiko za Notaire Uwamahoro Jean de Dieu wo mu Murenge wa Kirehe mu Karere ka Kirehe yanditse avuguruza ibyo bashingiragaho nk'inyandiko yiswe gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira, we avuga ko atabikoze. [14] Muri uru rubanza hakaba hagomba gusuzumwa niba hari amakosa urukiko rwakoze mugutegeka ko icyamunara cyakozwe kumutungo ufite UPI 01/01/06/04/70 ubaruye kuri Musibirege Jeanne D'arc giteshwa agaciro no gusuzuma niba abaregwa bategekwa kwishyura indishyi. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO A. Kubirebana no gusuzuma niba niba hari amakosa urukiko rwakoze mugutegeka ko icyamunara cyakozwe kumutungo ufite UPI 01/01/06/04/70 ubaruye kuri Musibirege Jeanne D'arc giteshwa agaciro [15] Me Sematungo Clément asobanura ko mu gika cya 14 cy’Urubanza rujuririrwa urukiko rwavuze ko abarega bagaragaje ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Musibirege Jean d’Arc yitabye Imana mugihugu cy’ububirigi, ndetse rukomeza no kuvuga ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe byavuye mububirigi, ariko mubyukuri rwirengangiza ko twasabye ko ibyo bimenyetso bitashingirwaho kuko bitigeze biza muburyo bukurikije amategeko ni ukuvuga ko bitakurikije inzira zikoreshwa mugihe inyandiko zikoreshwa mu nkiko zivuye mumahanga ko zigomba guca muri Ambassade ndetse no muri Ministere y’Ububanyi n’amahanga, ariko igitangaje ibisobanuro byacyu ntacyo urukiko rwabivuzeho ahubwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso aribyo bigomba kwemeza ko Musibirege y’itabye Imana mugihugu cy’ububirigi, bityo ngo cyamunara igomba guteshwa agaciro. Avuga ko ikibazo cy’inyandiko mpimbano kizasuzumwa mu rubanza RP01444/2022/TGI/NYGE. Avuga ko attestation de décès yatangiwe mu Bubirigi, arinayo yagendeweho hatangwa attestation de décès hano mu Rwanda. [16] Akomeza asobanura ko indi mpamvu nyamukuru aruko bagaragarije urukiko ko hari ikirego nshinjabyaha kiri murukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge aho haregewe iyo nyandiko ivugwa ya Procuration ko ari impimbano, akaba asanga hataragombaga gusuzuma ikirego cy’imbonezamubano mu gihe hakiri ikirego cy’inshinjabyaha kitaraburaniushwa. [17] Asoza avuga ko kubera izo mpamvu akaba aricyo asaba ko urukiko rukuru rw’ubucuruzi rwakemeza ko imikirize y’urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi yahinduka mu ngingo zarwo zose, maze rukemeza ko icyamunara yakozwe kumutungo wavuzwe haruguru igumanye agaciro kayo. Avuga ko ikigenderewe mu rubanza nshinjabyaha ari ukuzasuzuma inyandiko ya procuration niba ari impimbano cyangwa atariyo, ko kandi nabo ubwabo bahagarariye abana ba

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Munyarubuga basabye indishyi muri urwo rubanza, ko rero batavuga ko urwo rubanza rutabareba. [18] Munyarubuga Eric avuga ko attestation de décès yoherejwe ivuye mu Bubirigi itahabwa agaciro kuko itacishijwe muri ambassade. [19] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya niba Munyarubuga Eric yemera ko mama we Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc yitabye Imana aguye mu Bubirigi, avuga ko abyemera ko byabaye 16/10/2019, aguye mu Bubirigi. Kukibazo cyo kumenya igihe nyina yagiriye mu Bubirigi, asubiza ko ari muri 2014, ko kandi atigeze agaruka mu Rwanda. [20] Kukibazo cyo kuba yemera ko nyina yitabye Imana, kuba attestation itaracishijwe muri ambassade bikuraho ko yitabye Imana, asubiza ko basobanuye uburyo ibimenyetso bitangwamo mu rwego rw’amategeko, ko kandi uburyo yatanzwemo bitakurikije amategeko. [21] Me Munyangabe yiregura ko ubujurire bwa Mushikiwabo Angélique na Munyarubuga Eric bufite ishingiro kuko umutungo batanzeho ingwate wandikishijwe muri RDB nk’ingwate, yewe n’inyandiko zashishingiweho kugira ngo iyo ngwate yandikwe zitarigeze ziteshwa agaciro. Nk’uko rero bigaragazwa n’imyanzuro y’abarega ndetse n’ibimenyetso bashingiragaho ku rwego rubanza, bigaragara ko bemera ko Mushikiwabo Angélique n’umugabo we bahawe umwenda na Letshigo Rwanda Ltd kandi bakaba baranananiwe kubahiriza amasezerano y’inguzanyo, byumvikana rero ko ingwate yahawe Banki mu buryo bukurikije amategeko yagombaga kuyigurisha kugira ngo ibone ubwishyu bwayo. [22] Akomeza asobanura ko asanga cyamunara itaragombaga guteshwa agaciro kuko amasezerano y’ingwate (AOMA) ndetse na Procuration byose byasinyiwe imbere ya Notaire ndetse n’iyo ngwate ikaba yarandikishijwe muri RDB. Bityo akurikije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 13 y’Itegeko rigenga ibimenyetso ku birebana no gutesha agaciro inyandiko mvaho, ntabwo iyo ingwate yateshwa agaciro mu gihe inyandiko zose zashingiweho yandikishwa muri RDB zitarateshwa agaciro. Ingingo ya 29 y’Itegeko rigenga ibimenyetso n’itangwa ryabyo ivuga ko ‘’Inyandiko, ar’iy’imvaho cyangwa inyandiko bwite, imara impaka abagiranye amasezerano, ndetse no ku byerekeye ibiyivugwamo…‘’ Naho iya 11 y’Itegeko N° 10/2009 ryo ku wa 14/05/2009 ryerekeye ubugwate ku mutungo utimukanwa igateganya ko ‘’Uwatanze ingwate afite uburenganzira bwo gusubizwa ingwate ye igihe amaze kwishyura umwenda we wose hakurikijwe ibyumvikanyweho mu masezerano y’ubugwate’’. [23] Asoza avuga ko asanga rero kuba izo nyandiko zose zarakorewe imbere ya Notaire zimara impaka abagiranye amasezerano ku byerekeye ibizivugwamo, byumvikana ko n’icyemezo cyajuririwe kigomba guteshwa agaciro kuko nta kigaragaza ko hari Urwego urwo arirwo rwose rwaba rwarazitesheje agaciro, bityo cyamunara ikaba igomba kugumana agaciro kayo. [24] Avuga ko kuba urubanza nshinjabyaha rutaratesha agaciro procuration, umucamanza atarikuyishingiraho ngo ateshe agaciro icyamunara. [25] Me Mukarusine Agnès na mugenzi we basobanura ko abavandimwe ba Munyarubuga Eric biregura kuri iyi ngingo, basubiza Mushikiwabo Angelique ko ibyo avuga nta shingiro

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bifite, ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu gufata icyemezo ku rwego rubanza, ni byinshi kandi ntibabashije kubivuguruza, harimo icyemezo cy'uwapfuye cyatanzwe n'umurenge wa Muhima ndetse n'inyandiko za Notaire Uwamahoro Jean de Dieu wo mu Murenge wa Kirehe mu Karere ka Kirehe yanditse avuguruza ibyo bashingiragaho nk'inyandiko yiswe gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira, we avuga ko atabikoze. [26] Bavuga ko asanga iyi ngingo y'ubujurire nta shingiro yahabwa ku buryo hafatwa icyemezo ko cyamunara igumaho. Avuga ko asaba ko ikomeza guteshwa agaciro kuko yakozwe ku mutungo utaratanzwe na nyirawo kuko yari yarapfuye, ko ibimenyetso batanze murubanza rujuririrwa bakibiha agaciro. [27] Basoza bavuga ko banki iyahisemo kurega mu manza nshinjabyaha, ko ariko bo bashingiye ku ngingo ya 122 CPP bahisemo kurega mu bucuruzi. Kuvuga ko ziriya nyandiko ari inyandiko mvaho, ko ingingo ya 113 y’itegeko ry’ibimenyetso, irimo ibice bibiri, ko kuba iyi nyandiko yaravugurujwe n’ibyemezo bya noteri, itakiri inyandiko mvaho. Bavuga ko kuba Eric yiemerera ko nyina yitabye Imana ndetse akanasobanura nigihe yaviriye mu Rwanda atanahakana ibyo abavandimwe be bavuze, ko uko kwiyemerera kwe imbere y’urukiko bimutsindisha, ko umutungo wagaruka mu muryango. Bavuga ko ideni yafashe ntaho bihurira no gusana inzo, ko kandi niba uwaguze atarabizi, ntaho abo baburanira bahuriye nabyo, ko indishyi yazazisaba uwakoze amakosa. [28] Me Cyubahiro David yiregura ko mu byukuri nkuko twabisobanuye mu rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ko Ku itariki yo kuwa 02/12/2022 mu saa tatu(9h00) Urubuga rurangirizwaho imanza ruzwi nka www.iecms.gov.rw nkuko biteganywa n’amabwiriza y’umwanditsi Mukuru yagaragaje ko uwitwa Samuel Development ariwe watsindiye muri cyamunara umutungo utimukanwa ubaruwe kuri UPI:1/01/06/04/70 wari waratanzweho ingwate muri Letshego Rwanda Ltd ndetse agahita yishyura amafaranga angana na 27.403.000 FRW nkuko bigaragazwa na Bordereau ya BPR yo kuwa 02/12/2022 ndetse akaba yari yaranishyuye amafaranga angana na 1.947.000 FRW nk’ingwate y’ipiganwa bigashimangirwa na rapporo ya cyamunara igaragaza ko ariwe wayitsindiye. Mu byukuri nkuko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 igika cya 2 y’Amabwiriza y’umwanditsi Mukuru No 002/2021/ yo kuwa 29/06/2021 ahindura amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru

No

001/2020/ORG

yo

kuwa

12/05/2020

agenga

ibyerekeye gucunga,gukodesha,kugurisha mu cyamunara no kwegukana ingwate iteganya ko « iyo igihe cyo gutangaza uwatsinze ipiganwa kigeze, uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga burafunguka,amazina y’abapiganwe n’ibiciro batanze bikagaragarizwa uwapiganwe, uwashinzwe gucunga ingwate, uwahawe ingwate,uwatanze ingwate, na nyir’umutungo watanzweho ingwate. Upiganwa watanze igiciro gisumba ibindi ni we utangazwa nk’uwatsinze ipiganwa ». Kuba rero ari Samuel Development watsindiye umutungo muri cyamunara yabaye mu buryo bukurikije amategeko ndetse n’amabwiriza y’Umwanditsi Mukuru Bityo turasanga ko ko acquereur de bonne foi ko ahubwo nubu asanga umutungo ari uwe nkuko amategeko ateganya. Bityo asanga ko cyamunara itagomba guteshwa agaciro nkuko abarega babisaba. Ariko Urukiko rubibonye ukundi mu bushishozi bwarwo ko yateshwa agaciro Samuel Development akaba asaba abaregwa aribo Banki ya Letshego kumuha indishyi mbonezamusaruro ingana na 880.500 FRW ndetse bagafatanya n’abaregwa kwishyura igihembo cy’Avoka kingana na 1.500.000 FRW. [29] Asoza avuga ko icyamuanra kitateshwa agaciro, ko kandi urukiko rubibonye ukundi yahabwa indishyi yasabye mu rubanza.

## Page 9

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [30] Ingingo ya 110 y’itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko Ukwiyemerera mu rubanza ni amagambo umuburanyi cyangwa umuhagarariye avugira mu rukiko agira ibyo yemera. Ayo magambo atsindisha uwayavuze. [31] Urukiko rusanga Me Sematungo Clément mukujurira avuga ko urukiko mu gika cya 14 cy’Urubanza rujuririrwa rwavuze ko abarega bagaragaje ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Musibirege Jean D’ARC yitabye Imana mugihugu cy’ububirigi, ko ibindi bimenyetso byatanzwe byavuye mububirigi, ariko mubyukuri rwirengangiza ko basabye ko ibyo bimenyetso bitashingirwaho kuko bitigeze biza muburyo bukurikije amategeko ni ukuvuga ko bitakurikije inzira zikoreshwa mugihe inyandiko zikoreshwa mu nkiko zivuye mumahanga ko zigomba guca muri Ambassade ndetse no muri Ministere y’Ububanyi n’amahanga, ko ariko ntacyo urukiko rwabivuzeho ahubwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso aribyo bigomba kwemeza ko Musibirege y’itabye Imana mugihugu cy’ububirigi, bityo ngo cyamunara igomba guteshwa agaciro, avuga kandi ko bagaragaje ko ikibazo cy’inyandiko mpimbano kizasuzumwa mu rubanza RP01444/2022/TGI/NYGE, arirwo ruzemeza niba ari impimbano cyangwa atariyo. [32] Urukiko rusanga ibivugwa na Me Sematungo Clément nta shingiro byahabwa kuko kuvuga ko inyandiko zavuzwe haruguru zitacishijwe muri ambassade ndetse no muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’amahanga zitagomba guhabwa ishingiro ngo byemezwe ko Musibirege Jean D’ARC yitabye Imana mugihugu cy’ububirigi, aha hagomba kwibazwa igituma inyandiko zigomba gukoreshwa mu rubanza zicishwa muri iyo nzira yavuzwe haruguru, rusanga ikiba kigenderewe ari ukugira hagaraagzwe ko izo nyandiko ari umwimerere kandi ibizikubiyemo ari ukuri (verification de l’originalité et véracité de ces documents), rusanga nubwo inyandiko zigaragaza ko Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc itabye Imana zitacishijwe mu nzira yavuzwe, ariko na none kub ahari icyemezo cy’uko yitabye Imana (attestation de dèces) cyatangiwe mu I Nyarugenge mu Rwanda kuwa 15/02/2022 n’Umunyamabanga Nshingabikorwa w’Umurenge wa Nyarugenge Murekatete Patricie, cyemeza ko yapfuye tariki 18/10/2019, kuba iki cyemezo nta muntu numwe wigeze asaba ko giteshwa agaciro, cyonyine kikaba gihagije kwemeza ko Musibirege Jean D’ARC. Byongeye iby’uru rupfu bikaba binahimangirwa na n’uwo yunganira ariwe Munyarubuga Eric, wasobauriye Urukiko ko nyina yapfuye kandi yaguye mu Bubiligi tariki 18/10/2019, ko kandi yari yaragiye muri icyo gihugu muri 2014, ko kandi kuva icyo gihe atigeze agaruka mu Rwanda, bityo kuba Munyaburanga Eric yiyemerera ko nyina yitabye Imana, akaba atagaruka we n’umwunganizi we bavuga ko ntakigaragaza ko yitabye Imana ngo bahakane inyandiko zibyemeza zakorewe mu Bubirigi, kuko ukweyemerea k’umuburanyi mu rubanza bimutsindisha kubyo yemeye nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 110 y’itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryavuzwe haruguru. [33] Urukiko rusanga ariko na none Me Sematungo yirengagiza ko ikibazo nyiri izina ari procuration bivugwa ko yatanzwe na Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, akayitanga imbere ya Noteri w’Umurenga wa Kirehe, kuba ikimenyetso cy’inyandiko ya noteri Uwamahoro Jean de Dieu noteri w’Umurenge wa Kirehe yo kuwa 10/ 01/2023 asobanura ko atigeze yakira Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc ko inyandiko yo kuwa 28/03/2019 yavugaga gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira ndetse n’iyo kuwa 15/06/2020 yavugaga gutanga uburenganzira ntazo azi kandi atigeze azishyiraho umukono na kasha za noteri ndetse anagaragaza inenge zizirimo,

## Page 10

byumvikanisha ko izo nyandiko zakozwe mu buriganya. Nk’uko bisobanurwa n’abahanga mu mategeko ndetse n’ibyemezo by’inkiko ko uburiganya butesha agaciro inyandiko ijyanye nabwo (la fraude corrompt tout. Ainsi tout acte entaché de fraude peut faire l’objet d’une action en nullité)1. Ibyo bikaba byaremejwe n’Urukiko rusesa imanza rwo mu Bubirigi mu rubanza rwaciwe kuwa 30/03/2017 (n° 15-26.507)2. [34] Ku bw’izo mpamvu zose zimaze gusobanura, kuba inyandiko yo kuwa 28/03/2019 yo gutiza ingwate no gutanga uburenganzira n’iyo kuwa 15/06/2020 yo gutanga uburenganzira, zitiriwe Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc kandi nta ruhare yazigizemo, kuba izo nyandiko arizo zifashishijwe mu gutanga ingwate ku mutungo UPI 1/01/06/04/70 wa Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc muri Letshego Rwanda Ltd; iyo ngwate ikaba iteshejwe agaciro kuko yatanzwe mu buriganya, bityo n’icyamunara kuri uwo mutungo kikaba kigomba guteshwa agaciro nk’uko byemejwe n’urukiko rubanza. B. Kubirebana no gusuzuma niba indishyi zisabwa n’abajuriye ndetse n’izisabwa na Samuel Developement zifite ishingiro [35] Me Sematungo asobanura ko kuba aba baregwa aribo bashoye izi manza kandi bari bazi neza ko umutungo wumuryango ariwo wagombaga gutangwaho ingwate, kandi byarakorewe mumuryango ariko bagahindukira bakirukira mu nkiko mu manza basaba ko cyamunara iteshwa agaciro turasaba ko bakishyura indishyi z'ikurikirana rubanza n'igihembo cya avicat bingana na 2000,000Frw. [36] Ababuranira abaregwa batari banki biregura ko Nta ndishyi zatangwa, igihe cyose Mushikiwabo Angelique na Munyarubuga Eric bataragaragaza aho bakuye uburenganzira bwo gutanga umutungo w'umuryango ho ingwate. Kandi bakaba batarabashije kuvuguruza abavandimwe babo, aho bagaragaje ko mama wabo Musibirege Jeanne d'Arc yavuye mu Rwanda le 01.05.2014 akaba atarongeye kugaruka mu gihugu. Babashije kugaragaza gihamya idashidikanwaho ko abavandimwe babo babeshya, ko mama wabo yaba yarongeye kugaruka akabatiza ingwate, icyo gihe cyamunara yaba yarakozwe mu buryo budasubirwaho, n'izo ndishyi basaba zo gushorwa mu manza bazitanga. [37] Uburanira Samuel Development yiregura ko nkuko babisobanuye haruguru ko Development Samuel yaguze umutungo muri cyamunara bikurikije amategeko ko ari acquereur de bonne foi ko umutungo ari uwe. Ariko Urukiko rubibonye ukundi ko yateshwa agaciro akaba asaba Banki ya Letshego kumuha indishyi mbonezamusaruro zingana na 880.500 Frw ndetse no gufatanya n'abaregwa kwishyura igihembo cy'Avoka kingana na 1.500.000Frw byo gukomeza gushyora mu manza Samuel Development ndetse na 200.000 Frw yikurikiranarubanza. [38] Uburanira Letshego akaba ntacyo yavuze kuri iki kibazo. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA 1 Adages et maximes du droit français, 2e éd., Jean Hilaire, coll. A savoir, Dalloz et Lexique des termes juridiques, 24e éd., T. Debard et S. Guinchard, Dalloz. Iboneka kuri https://actu.dalloz

- etudiant.fr/le

- saviez

- vous/article/fraus

- omnia

corrumpit/h/

2b7da4e745997302d15e4b10e881d2f6.html 2 https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/juri/id/JURITEXT000034343326/

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[39] Urukiko rusanga indishyi zisabwa n’abajuriye zitagomba gutangwa kuko ubujurire bwabo zari zishingiyeho nta shingiro bufite. [40] Urukiko rusanga indishyi zisabwa na Samuel Developement ayasaba banki kubwo kubasiragiza mu manza ku maherere atagomba gutangwa, kuko rugendeye ku byemejwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwo mu Rwanda mu rubanza RSOCAA 00007/2018/CA rwahuzaga Murekatete v. Diyosezi Gatorika ya Byumba aho narwo rwifashishije urubanza British Columbia (Minister of Forests) yaburanye na Okanagan Indian Band rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwa Canada narwo rwibutsaga urubanza Harold yaburanye na Smith2, ko amafaranga y’igihembo cy’avoka n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza agamije gusubiza uwatsinze urubanza ibyo yarutakajeho, ariko atari igihano gihabwa utegetswe kuyatanga, ndetse ko atari n’ishimwe rihabwa uyagenewe, ko inkiko z’ahandi nk’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zivuga ko iyo ikirego kitatanzwe hagamijwe gusiragiza undi muburanyi mu nkiko kubw’amaherere, ahubwo kigatangwa n’umuburanyi ushaka kwerekana ko yarenganyijwe, Urukiko, mu bushishozi bwarwo kandi rushingiye ku mpamvu zidasanzwe, rushobora kuvaniraho urega (aha byumvikane n’uwajuriye) inshingano yo kwishyura igihembo cy’avoka n’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza.3 [41] Urukiko rusanga n’ubwo hari ibyo Samuel Developement yatakaje mugukurikirana uru rubanza, kuba banki itarigeze imurega ahubwo ariwe wagobotse kubushake mu rubanza, gusaba banki ko imwishyura izo ndishyi zose kandi banki itarigeze inajuriria urubanza ngo bifatwe ko yakomeje kumushora mu manza ahubwo nayo yaregwaga mu bujurire, kuba kandi bigaragara ko nta ruhare rwa banki rwagaragarijwe urukiko mw’ihimbwa rya procuration ahubwo bigaragara ko amakosa yayashowemo n’umugabo wa na Munyarubuga Eric n’umugore arinabo bakabaye basabwa izo ndishyi nk’ubahimbye procuration yabaye nyirabayazana w’imanza, kubw’izo mpamvu zimaze gusobanurwa zose, banki ikaba nta ndishyi zo gusiragiza mu manza agomba n’izimboneza musaruro igomba gucibwa ngo izishyure Samuel Developement.

C. Kubirebana no gusuzuma niba indishyi zisabwa n’abaregwa bavukana na Munyarubuga Eric zifite ishingiro [42] Abababuranira Munyarubuga Valens na bagenzi be, basaba ko Development waguze inzu, n’abajuriye basaba indishyi, nyamara birengagiza ko umutungo watanzweho ingwate mu nzira zinyuranyije n’amategeko, bityo tuka tubona bafatanyije, mukurenganya abaregwa., Tubisabiye indishyi zingana na 1.500.000Frw harimo igihembo cy’abavoka kuri uru rwego nayo gusiragizwa 500.000 yose hamwe akiyongera kuyemejwe muri TC. 2 Costs as between party and party are given by the law as an indemnity to the person entitled to them: they are not imposed as a punishment on the party who pays them, nor given as a bonus to the party who receives them. Reba British Columbia (Minister of Forests) v. Okanagan Indian Band, [2003] 3 S.C.R. 371 at paras. 20-21 [Okanagan], na Harold v. Smith, (1860), 5 H. & N. 381 at 385. 3 A prevailing defendant in a Title VII action should not ordinarily be awarded fees unless the court found that the pliantiff’s case was frivoulous, unreasonable or meriteless. Reba Christianburg Garment co. v. Equal Employement Opportunity Comm’n, 434 U.S. 412, 98 S.Ct.694,54 L. Ed 2d 648 (1978).

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[43] Abasabwa izi ndishyi bakaba ntacyo bavuze kuri izi ndishyi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [44] Ingingo ya 111 y’itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi nkuko ryavuguruwe kandi ryujujujwe kugeza ubu iteganya ko “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza iburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe” [45] Urukiko rusanga indishyi zisabwa Samuel Development zitagomba gutangwa kuko atigeze ashora abazimusaba mu manza na cyane ko we yarujemo agobotse ashaka kugaragaza uburenganzira yumvaga afite k’umutungo yaguze mu cyamunara. Byongeye akaba atarigeze ajuririra urubanza ngo abe yarashoye mu rubanza mu bujurire. [46] Urukiko rusanga indishyi z’igihembo cy’aba avoka zisabwa na Munyarubuga Valens na bagenzi be zifite ishingiro kuko kuba Mushikiwabo Angelique na Munyarubuga Eric barakomeje kubashora mu manza z’amaherere, kuba mugukurikirana urubanza haribyo batakaje, ibyo yatakaje bikaba bigomba kwishyurwa nayo hashingiwe ku ngingo imaze kuvugwa haruguru kuko aribo nyirabayazana w’igihombo yagize, bityo bakaba bagomba kubishyura buri umwe amafaranga ibihumbi Magana abiri (200,000FRW) y’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’umu avoka yose hamwe akaba ibihumbi Magana inani (800,000 FRW) zigenwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko kuko izasabwaga ari umurengera.

III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [47] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mushikiwabo Angelique na Munyarubuga Eric nta shingiro bufite. [48] Rwemeje ko nta gihindutse ku mikirize y’urubanza RCOM00017/2023/TC. [49] Rutegetse ko ibyemejwe mu rubanza bishyirwa mu bikorwa aribyo ko rwemeje ko cyamunara yakozwe kuwa 02/12/2022, hagurishwa inzu iri mu kibanza gifite UPI 1/01/06/04/70 yanditse kuri Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, iherereye mu mudugudu w’Umutekano, akagari ka Nyabugogo, Umurenge wa Muhima, akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, iteshejwe agaciro, ko Rutegetse ko inzu iri mu kibanza gifite UPI 1/01/06/04/70 yanditse kuri Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, iherereye mu mudugudu w’Umutekano, akagari ka Nyabugogo, Umurenge wa Muhima, akarere ka Nyarugenge, Umujyi wa Kigali, isubira mu maboko y’abazungura bose ba Musibirege Jeanne d’Arc, ko Rutegetse Letshigo Rwanda Ltd gusubiza Development Samuel amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’icyenda n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itanu (29.350.000 Frw) y’ikiguzi cy’inzu yishyuwe avuye muri cyamunara iteshejwe agaciro, ko Rutegetse ko umwenda Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique basanzwe bafitiye Letshigo Rwanda Ltd hiyongeraho amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana cyenda na mitongo itatu na bitanu na magana atatu na mirongo inani n’umunani (1.935.388Frw)

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yakoreshejwe muri cyamunara, akaba yaravanywe mu mafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’icyenda n’ibihumbi magana atatu na mirongo itanu (29.350.000 Frw ) Development Samuel yishyuye, ko Rutegetse Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique gufatanya guha Munyarubuga Alice, Munyarubuga Aline, Munyarubuga Valens na Umulisa Munyarubuga Grace, indishyi z’ibyo batanze ku rubanza zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe (1.000.000Frw) y’igihembo cy’Abavoka bababuraniye, ko Rutegetse Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique gufatanya gusubiza Munyarubuga Alice, Munyarubuga Aline, Munyarubuga Valens na Umulisa Munyarubuga Grace, amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000 Frws) y’ingwate y’amagarama batanze binjiza ikirego cyabo. [50] Rutegetse Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique gufatanya kwishyura Munyarubuga Alice, Munyarubuga Aline, Munyarubuga Valens na Umulisa Munyarubuga Grace, indishyi z’ibyo batanze ku rubanza zingana n’amafaranga ibihumbi Magana inani (800.000 Frw) y’indisyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cy’aba avoka bababuraniye. [51] Rutegetse ko amafaranga 40,000 y’amagarama Munyarubuga Eric na Mushikiwabo Angelique bishyuye bajurira aherera ku isanduku ya Leta.