MUHABWAMPUNDU v NDAHIRO

# MUHABWAMPUNDU v NDAHIRO

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-03-17 - Case/document no.: RCAA00016/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MUHABWAMPUNDU v NDAHIRO [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA00016/2022/CA (Munyangeri, P.J.) 17 Werurwe 2023] Itegeko rigenga ibimenyetso mu manza – Igenagaciro – Igenagaciro ryategetswe n’Urukiko – Ntabwo umuburanyi yatesha agaciro igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urukiko ashingiye gusa kuko atemeranywa nibyo ryagezeho, nyamara ntacyo anenga umugenagaciro ku giti cye. Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’Inkiko – ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire – Ubujurire bwa kabiri – Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nta bubasha rufite ku bujurire bwa kabiri ku kiburanwa gifite agaciro kari munsi ya 75,000,000Frw. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Ndahiro arega Muhabwampundu mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga asaba Urukiko kumutegeka kuva mu nzu baguze kuko yamwishyuye ikiguzi cyose bumvikanye ndetse nawe akamukorera ihererekanya ry’uburenganzira ku butaka (mutation) ariko akaba ngo yaranze kuva muri iyo nzu. Muhabwampundu we avuga ko iyo nzu asabwa gusohorwamo ari iye, kandi ko batayiguze nk’uko Ndahiro Corneille abivuga, ko amafaranga yamuhaye ari ayo yamugurije. Urukiko mu rubanza RC00102/2020/TGI/MHG, rwemeje ko ikirego cya Ndahiro gifite ishingiro, rutegeka ko Muhabwampundu asohorwa mu nzu yagurishije runamutegeka kwishyura indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. Urukiko rwashingiye ku masezerano y’ubugure no kuba yaramukoreshereje mutation imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka. Muhabwampundu yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko atagurishije inzu ye Ndahiro ahubwo ko yamugurije amafaranga bandikirana ko baguze inzu ariko ngo bwari uburyo bwo kuyifatira ngo azayimusubize amaze kumwishyura ayo mafaranga. Asaba Urukiko ko rwashishoza rukareba niba hatarabayeho uburiganya bushingiye mu gukora amasezerano ashingiye ku bushake bw’umwe mubayakoranye undi agahatirwa kuyemera hashingiwe ku bukene yari afite. Yasabye kandi ko Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka mu Rwanda yagobokeshwa mu rubanza kugira ngo asobanure ibijyanye n’ihererakanya mutungo ryakozwe ridakurikije amategeko. Ndahiro we avuga ko amasezerano y’ubugure yakozwe yubahirijwe amategeko kandi nyuma yuko yishyuye ikiguzi cyose cy’umutungo, nyir’umutungo yamukoreye ihererekanya mutungo kuneza nta gahato yashyizweho, asaba ko icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga kigumana agaciro kacyo. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka mu Rwanda atitabye ariko yarahamagajwe mu buryo bukurikije Amategeko kadi yaratanze n’imyanzuro avuga ko amasezerano y’ubugure bw’umutungo utimukanwa akorerwa imbere ya noteri, bivuze ko ngo abajya gusinya baba babyemera. Avuga ko Niba rero Muhabwampundu yarasinye amasezerano y’ubugure hagakorwa na mutation ntaho yahera avuga ko ari ingwate yari yatanze.

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Urukiko mu rubanza RCA00005/2021/HC/NYZ rwemeje ko ibyo Muhabwampundu avuga ko atagurishije ahubwo bwari uburyo bwo kuyifatira ngo azayimusubize amaze kumwishyura amafaranga yamugurije, bitahabwa ishingiro kuko ntaho bigaragara muri ayo masezerano kandi ko nta n’andi masezerano yabashije kugaragaza yemeza ko Ndahiro yaba yaramugurije amafaranga. Naho ku bijyanye no kuba avuga ko ihererekanya ry’ubutaka ryakozwe mu buryo bw’uburiganya kuko Nkurikiyimfura umugabo we yasinye kuri iyo nyandiko y’ihererekanya kwa Noteri yarapfuye, Urukiko rwemeje ko bitahabwa ishingiro kuko ariwe wagize uruhare rwo gutuma bahererekanya ubutaka, bityo akaba ariwe wari ufite inshingano zo kugaragaza ko atakiriho, Urukiko rwemeje ko ibyo bitabazwa Ndahiro cyangwa Noteri cyangwa ngo bibazwe Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe imicungire n’Imikoreshereze y’Ubutaka mu Rwanda. Urukiko Rukuru kandi rwemeje ko Indishyi z’umusaruro ukomoka k’umutungo uburanwa zitatangwa kuko Ndahiro uzisaba atazigaragariza ibimenyetso, rwemeje ariko ko igihembo cya Avoka gitangwa ku k’igero cya ½ cyayo yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere iyo Avoka yakomeje kuba umwe mu manza zose. Muhabwampundu yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwirengagije ibimenyetso yarushyikirije bigaragaza ko amasezerano y’ubugure n’amasezerano y’ihererekanya ry’umutungo arimo uburiganya, no kuba rutarahaye ishingiro ukugobokeshwa ku gahato kw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka. Urukiko rwabanje gusuzuma inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa yazamuwe na Ndahiro, Urukiko rutegeka ko hashyirwaho umugenagaciro w’umutungo utimukanwa, ababuranyi bamwumvikanaho. Nyuma yuko umugenagaciro ashyikirije Urukiko raporo yakoze, uhagarariye Ndahiro yavuze ko yemeranywa niyo raporo, naho Muhabwampundu atemeranya n’ibyavuye mu igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko kuko abona hari ibintu uwo mugenagaciro atagaragarije agaciro mu buryo bwihariye, nyamara yakagombye kuba yarabipimye ukwabyo, ngo kandi abandi bagenagaciro babanje ariko bagiye babikora, ko we kuba atarabikoze atyo, byatumye agaciro k’umutungo uburanwa kaba gato. Umugenagaciro Havugimana asobanura ko iyo agaragaje ibigize inzu, akagaragaza ubuso bwayo, akagena igiciro kuri metero kare, ibyo uruhande rwa Muhabwampundu ruvuga ko bitapimwe, byose aba yabihaye agaciro kabyo. Urukiko mu rubanza RCAA00016/2022/CA, rwemeje ko uretse kuba Muhabwampundu atemera raporo yakozwe n’umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urukiko, nta cyo asobanura amunenga ku giti cye, nta ho agaragaza ko hari uruhande yabogamiyeho cyangwa ko nta bushobozi afite bwo gukora imirimo yashinzwe n’Urukiko. Urukiko rwemeje ko igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko rigomba guhabwa agaciro kuko ryari rigamije gukemura impaka zikomoka ku ivuguruzanya rya raporo z’igenagaciro zakoreshejwe na Muhabwampundu na Ndahiro, kandi rikaba rigaragaza ko agaciro k’umutungo uburanwa kari hasi y’agateganywa n’amategeko kugirango kabe mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Bityo, rwanzura ko ubujurire bwa Muhabwampundu butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ntabwo umuburanyi yatesha agaciro igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urukiko ashingiye gusa kuko atemeranywa nibyo ryagezeho,

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nyamara nta cyo asobanura anenga umugenagaciro ku giti cye, nko kuba hari uruhande yabogamiyeho cyangwa ko nta bushobozi afite bwo gukora imirimo yashinzwe n’Urukiko. 2.Umuburanyi udashobora guhinyuza ibisobanuro umuhanga atanga ku bijyanye n’uburyo yakoresheje mu gukora igenagaciro ntashobora kuvuga ko uburyo bwakoreshejwe atari bwo kuko biba byarakozwe n’ubitiye ubumenyi bwihariye. 3. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire nta bubasha rufite ku bujurire bwa kabiri ku kiburanwa gifite agaciro kari munsi ya 75,000,000Frw. Bityo, iyo urwo Rukiko rutegetse ko hakorwa igenagaciro ku kiburanwa, rikagaragaza ko gifite agaciro kari munsi y’agateganyijwe n’Amategeko nta bubasha ruba rufite. 3.Igihembo cy’umuhanga kishyurwa n’uwatsinzwe urubanza. 4. Indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka zitangwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko. Ubujurire nti buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa ifite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N˚30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko Ingingo ya 52, Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 111, 273, Itegeko N˚15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, Ingingo ya 81 Nta manza zifashishijwe. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 01/12/2019, Muhabwampundu Rosette yagiranye na Ndahiro Corneille amasezerano y’ubugure bw’inzu iri mu kibanza gifite UPI: 2/07/12/04/5586, iherereye mu Mudugudu wa Gakombe, Akagari ka Ruli, Umurenge wa Shyogwe ku giciro cya 35.000.000Frw, Ndahiro Corneille abanza kwishyura 25.000.000Frw, bemeranya ko asigaye angana na 10.000.000Frw azayamwishyura akoresheje sheki bamaze gukora ihererekanyamutungo (mutation). [2] Ku wa 15/12/2019, Ndahiro Corneille yishyuye Muhabwampundu Rosette amafaranga yari yasigaye akoresheje sheki, bahererekanya uwo mutungo imbere ya Noteri w’ubutaka, wandikwa kuri NDAHIRO Corneille 100%, ariko Muhabwampundu Rosette amusaba kuba agumye muri iyo nzu mu gihe cy’amezi atatu akaba ashakisha ahandi ho kuba arabimwemerera, ayo mezi atatu ashize

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ntiyayivamo yitwaje icyorezo cya Covid-19, ku wa 04/09/2020, Ndahiro Corneille amwandikira amusaba kumuvira mu nzu, ntiyayivamo. [3] Ndahiro Corneille yareze Muhabwampundu Rosette mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, arusaba gutanga icyemezo kimusohora mu nzu ku ngufu. Muhabwampundu Rosette avuga ko iyo nzu asabwa gusohorwamo ari iye, kandi ko atayigurishije, ahubwo ko amafaranga Ndahiro Corneille yamuhaye ari ayo yamugurije. [4] Mu rubanza RC00102/2020/TGI/MHG rwaciwe ku wa 07/01/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga rwemeje ko ikirego cya Ndahiro Corneille gifite ishingiro, rutegeka ko Muhabwampundu Rosette asohorwa mu nzu yagurirshije Ndahiro Corneille ku wa 01/12/2019, akanamukoresherezaho mutation, iri mu kibanza gifite UPI: 2/07/12/04/5586, giherereye mu Mudugudu wa Gakombe, Akagari ka Ruli, Umurenge wa Shyogwe, Akarere ka Muhanga, hakoreshejwe ingufu z’amategeko, rutegeka Muhabwampundu Rosette kwishyura Ndahiro Corneille indishyi zose zingana na 720.000Frw. [5] Muhabwampundu Rosette yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, avuga ko atagurishije Ndahiro Corneille inzu ye, ahubwo yamugurije amafaranga bakandikiranwa ko baguze inzu, ubwo bugure bukaba bwari uburyo bwo kuyifatira ngo azayimusubize amaze kumwishyura amafaranga yamugurije yose, ko Urukiko rukwiye kuzashishoza kugira ngo rumenye niba koko mu ikorwa ry’ayo masezerano hatarabayeho uburiganya bushingiye ku bushake bwa Ndahiro Corneille, hanyuma we agahatirwa kuyemera hashingiwe ku bukene bw’amafaranga yari afite. Asaba ko Umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka yagobokeshwa mu rubanza kugira ngo asobanure ibijyanye n’ihererakanyamutungo ryakozwe ridakurikije amategeko. [6] Mu rubanza RCA00005/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe ku wa 11/04/2022, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Muhabwampundu Rosette nta shingiro bufite, ko imikirize y’urubanza RC00102/2020/TGI/MHG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga ku wa 07/01/2021 idahindutse uretse indishyi ziyongereyeho, rutegeka Muhabwampundu Rosette kwishyura Ndahiro Corneille 250.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka yiyongera ku yategetswe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Muhanga, yose hamwe akaba 970.000Frw, rutegeka ko amafaranga y’amagarama Muhabwampundu Rosette yatanze ajurira, ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [7] Ku wa 10/05/2022, Muhabwampundu Rosette yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RCAA00016/2022/CA, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwirengagije ibimenyetso yarushyikirije bigaragaza ko amasezerano y’ubugure n’amasezerano y’ihererekanya ry’umutungo arimo uburiganya, no kuba rutarahaye ishingiro ukugobokeshwa ku gahato kw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka. [8] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku wa 06/02/2023, Muhabwampundu Rosette ahagarariwe na Me Uwizera Zeno, Ndahiro Corneille ahagarariwe na Me Murekatete Henriette, Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka kititabye kandi cyarahamagawe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, uwo munsi hagibwa impaka ku nzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa, hafatwa umwanzuro wo gushyiraho umugenagaciro w’umutungo utimukanwa,

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ababuranyi bumvikana ko umugenagaciro witwa Havugimana Justin ari we uhabwa izo nshingano, iburanisha ry’urubanza ryimurirwa ku wa 02/03/2023. [9] Ku wa 02/03/2023, urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, Muhabwampundu Rosette yunganiwe na Me Uwizera Zeno, Ndahiro Corneille ahagarariwe na Me Murekatete Henriette, Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubutaka na none kidahagarariwe kandi cyarahamagawe mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, hari kandi umugenagaciro w’umutungo utimukanwa Havugimana Justin waje gusobanura raporo y’igenagaciro yakoze. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO 1.Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Muhabwampundu Rosette butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire [10] Me Akimana Elisabeth wari uhagarariye Ndahiro Corneille mu nama ntegurarubanza yo ku wa 30/11/2022, asaba uru Rukiko kutakira ubujurire bwa Muhabwampundu Rosette, kubera ko butari mu bubasha bwarwo. Asobanura ko igenagaciro ryo ku wa 11/05/2022 rigaragaza ko umutungo uburanwa ufite agaciro kangana na 76.000.000Frw ryashingiweho ubu bujurire bwakirwa atari iry’ukuri, kuko ryawutubuye kandi mu by’ukuri ufite agaciro kangana na 45.618.428Frw nk’uko bigaragazwa n’igenagaciro ryakorewe kuri uwo mutungo ku wa 27/06/2022. [11] Me Uwizera Zeno wari uhagarariye Muhabwampundu Rosette mu nama ntegurarubanza, avuga ko iyi nzitizi nta shingiro yahabwa, kubera ko igenagaciro Muhabwampundu Rosette yashingiyeho ajurira ryakozwe n’umugenagaciro ubifitiye ububasha, Ndahiro Corneille akaba nta cyo amunenga cyangwa ngo abe yagaragaza ko umutungo wakorewe iryo genagaciro atari wo uburanwa. [12] Nyuma yo gusobanura ibyagendeweho kugira ngo agere ku mwanzuro wa raporo y’igenagaciro ry’umutungo yari yaherewe inshingano harimo igiciro cy’inyubako igihe iri nshyashya, ibikoresho biyubatse, igihe imaze, aho ikibanza giherereye n’icyo gikoreshwa, gukora igenzura ry’ibikoresho bigize inyubako, umugenagaciro Havugimana Justin yanzuye ko umutungo utimukanwa ubaruye kuri UPI: 2/07/12/04/5586, uherereye mu Mudugudu wa Gakombe, Akagari ka Ruli, Umurenge wa Shyogwe, Akarere ka Muhanga, Intara y’Amajyepfo, ufite agaciro kangana na 59.617.705Frw. [13] Me Murekatete Henriette uhagarariye Ndahiro Corneille avuga ko yemeranya n’ibyakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko. [14] Muhabwampundu Rosette avuga ko atemeranya n’ibyavuye mu igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko. Asobanura ko abona hari ibintu uwo mugenagaciro atagaragarije agaciro mu buryo bwihariye, nyamara yakagombye kuba yarabipimye ukwabyo harimo ikibanza kiri ukwacyo, amabati, umubare w’inzugi zikingishije inzu, igipangu, ubwiherero, amadirishya, kandi ko abandi bagenagaciro babanje ariko bagiye babikora, ko we kuba atarabikoze atyo, byatumye agaciro k’umutungo uburanwa kaba gato. [15] Me Uwizera Zeno wunganira Muhabwampundu Rosette avuga ko mu mutwe wa gatatu wa raporo y’igenagaciro, hagaragara ibikoresho byubakishijwe inyubako, ariko ko mu kubiha agaciro we n’uwo yunganira bumvaga umugenagaciro yagombye kuba yarakoze ibirenze uko bo bashobora

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kubyumva. Asobanura ko nta foto y’igikoni cyo mu nzu nini abona muri raporo y’igenagaciro nyamara yarayigaragaje mu biri mu nzu, akaba yumva yaragombaga kugaragaza agaciro kacyo kiri cyonyine, kandi ko atagaragaje agaciro k’ubwiherero buri mu nzu, agaciro k’imireko imena amazi, ko atagaragaje igikoresho inzugi zikozemo ngo anavuge agaciro kazo. [16] Akomeza avuga ko muri rusange, ibintu babona ko bitahawe agaciro bigizwe n’igikoni cy’imbere mu nzu nini, ubwiherero bubiri buri mu nzu nini, umubare w’inzugi z’imbere n’ibikoresho zikozemo, ikibanza kiri cyonyine ariko kiri mu gipangu cyubatsemo inzu nini, imireko y’amazi n’uruzitiro. Yanzura avuga ko batemera raporo y’igenagaciro kubera ko itesha agaciro uwo mutungo, ko agaciro kagaragajwe kangana n’akari kagaragajwe n’uwakoze igenagaciro ku wa 11/05/2022, kakaba ahubwo kaba kangana gutyo mu gihe uwo mutungo waba utejwe cyamunara. Asaba Urukiko ko hashyirwaho itsinda ry’abagenagaciro batatu. [17] Umugenagaciro Havugimana Justin asobanura ko iyo agaragaje ibigize inzu, akagaragaza ubuso bwayo, akagena igiciro kuri metero kare, ibyo uruhande rwa Muhabwampundu Rosette ruvuga ko bitapimwe, byose aba yabihaye agaciro kabyo, ko rero uburyo akoresha mu kugena agaciro, ibikoresho bigize inyubako n’ibikoni biba birimo, agaciro k’amarangi, agaciro k’ubwiherero, agaciro k’amatiyo y’amazi, agaciro kabyo byose kaba kari mu giciro kuri metero kare. Avuga kandi ko iyo inzu iburanwa iba yubakishije rukarakara, igiciro yagennye kuri metero kare kitari kuba kingana n’icyo yagennye mu igenagaciro yakoze. [18] Asobanura kandi ko inzu iburanwa iherereye ahitwa mu cyakabiri, ko mu gihe cyo kuyiha agaciro, atekereza ku kiguzi cy’itafari muri ako gace, ku mushahara w’abakozi muri ako gace, ndetse ko n’ikibanza kiri cyonyine yagihaye ubuso bwacyo, ko rero atapimye ubuso bw’aho inzu iteretse honyine nk’uko Muhabwampundu Rosette n’umwunganira babitekereza. Asobanura na none ko mu kugena agaciro k’ikibanza kiri cyonyine, yashatse amakuru ku kibanza byegeranye cyagurishijwe harimo imicanga n’amabuye, bamubwira ko cyaguzwe 12.000.000Frw, arangije akora ikinyuranyo, asanga igiciro cy’ikibanza muri ako gace, kiri hagati ya 5.000.000 Frw na 9.000.000Frw ndetse akaba yarakoze ubugenzuzi bw’ibigomba gukorerwa igenagaciro ari kumwe n’ababuranyi, ko ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi muri ako gace bihendutse cyane ugereranyije no mu Mujyi wa Kigali, kubera ko ibyinshi bihibereye bidasaba kubikorera urugendo babishakisha, mu gihe ibikoresho by’inyubako zo mu Mujyi wa Kigali byo biba byavanwe muri ibyo bice birimo inyubako iburanwa, bikagera mu Mujyi wa Kigali bihenze. [19] Ikindi, avuga ko n’uruzitiro rwapimwe ukwarwo, ko muri raporo y’igenagaciro ahanditse inyuguti ml, bisobanura uburebure bw’uruzitiro (clôture). Asoza avuga ko agaciro yahaye umutungo uburanwa ariko kawukwiye kuko nta nyungu yaba afite yo kukagabanya, ko agaciro kabonetse byatewe n’aho umutungo uherereye, igihe inzu imaze, kuba ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi muri ako gace biboneka mu buryo bworoshye, uretse wenda amabati aturuka i Kigali kandi n’aho hakaba hatari intera ndende cyane. Uko Urukiko rubibona [20] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 4 y’itegeko N˚30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko “Iyo icyaburanwe kitagenewe agaciro mu mafaranga mu manza zabanje,

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kigomba kuba gifite agaciro nibura kangana na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw) kagenwe n’umuhanga iyo bibaye ngombwa.” [21] Ingingo ya 81 y’itegeko N˚15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko “Abahanga bashobora kwihanwa ku mpamvu zimwe n’izemewe ku bwihane bw’abacamanza.” [22] Dosiye y’urubanza irimo raporo y’igenagaciro yo ku wa 13/05/2022 yakozwe na Ir Nshimiyimana Roger abisabwe na Muhabwampundu Rosette, iyo raporo ikaba igaragaza ko umutungo ufite agaciro kangana na 76.000.000Frw. Harimo kandi raporo y’igenagaciro yo ku wa 05/07/2022 yakozwe na Ir Ribakare Gilbert abisabwe na Ndahiro Corneille, igaragaza ko agaciro k’umutungo uburanwa kangana na 45.618.428Frw. [23] Dosiye y’urubanza irimo na none raporo y’igenagaciro yakozwe na Ir Havugimana Justin, umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko, akaba yarayikoze mu kwezi kwa Gashyantare/2023, ikaba igaragaza ko umutungo uburanwa ufite agaciro kangana na 59.617.705Frw. [24] Urukiko rurasanga, uretse kuba Muhabwampundu Rosette atemera raporo yakozwe n’umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urukiko, nta cyo asobanura amunenga ku giti cye, nta ho agaragaza ko hari uruhande yabogamiyeho cyangwa ko nta bushobozi afite bwo gukora imirimo yashinzwe n’Urukiko, kuko iyo agira icyo amunenga aba yaramwihannye nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 81 y’itegeko N˚15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ryavuzwe haruguru. [25] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ibivugwa na Muhabwampundu Rosette ko umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko atahaye agaciro ibigize inyubako byose nta shingiro bifite, kuko umuhanga yasobanuye ko uburyo yakoresheje mu kugena agaciro akoresheje kubarira kuri metero kare byose biba birimo, akaba adashobora guhinyuza ibisobanuro atanga nk’ubifitemo ubumenyi bwihariye, yasobanuye kandi ko n’ibindi biri hanze y’inyubako byose byahawe agaciro, ibi na byo akababadashobora kubihinyuza. [26] Ku birebana no kuba Muhabwampundu Rosette n’umwunganizi we basaba ko hashyirwaho itsinda rigizwe n’abagenagaciro batatu, Urukiko rurasanga uretse gushaka gutinza urubanza, itsinda abagenagaciro batatu nta cyo ryaza guhindura ku byakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko, cyane ko uretse raporo y’igenagaciro yakozwe bisabwe na Muhabwampundu Rosette bigaragara ko yakozwe hagamijwe kugira ngo ubujurire bwa kabiri bube mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, izindi raporo z’igenagaciro haba iyakozwe bisabwe na Ndahiro Corneille n’iyakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko, zigaragaza ko agaciro k’umutungo uburanwa kazirimo zombi gashaka kwegerana. [27] Hashingiwe ku biteganywa n’amategeko no ku bisobanuro bitanzwe, Urukiko rurasanga igenagaciro ryakozwe n’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko ryari rigamije gukemura impaka zikomoka ku ivuguruzanya rya raporo z’igenagaciro zakoreshejwe na Muhabwampundu Rosette na Ndahiro Corneille, rigaragaza ko umutungo uburanwa wose uko wakabaye, ni ukuvuga inyubako n’ibiri mu kibanza gifite UPI: 2/07/12/04/5586, ufite agaciro kangana na 59.617.705Frw, bikaba bigaragara ko ako gaciro kari hasi cyane ya 75.000.000Frw ateganywa n’ingingo ya 52, igika cya 4 y’itegeko N˚ 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ari na yo aherwaho hemezwa

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ububasha bw’uru Rukiko bushingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa. Bityo, ubujurire bwa Muhabwampundu Rosette bukaba butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. 2.Kumenya niba hari uruhande rwasubizwa igihembo cy’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko [28] Me Murekatete Henriette uhagarariye Ndahiro Corneille asaba Urukiko gutegeka uruhande ruzatsindwa, gusubiza urundi ruhande 150.000 Frw rwatanze nk’igihembo cy’umuhanga washyizweho n’Urukiko, kubera ko impande zombi zari zumvikanye gutanga ubwishyu mu buryo bungana, buri ruhande rukishyura 150.000Frw. Muhabwampundu Rosette n’umwunganira nta cyo babivugaho. Uko Urukiko rubibona [29] Ingingo ya 273, igika cya gatatu y’itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “Urukiko rushobora mu gihe bibaye ngombwa gusaba ababuranyi gutanga amafaranga akenewe mu guhemba inzobere cyangwa umusemuzi. Uwatsinze urubanza yishyurwa n’uwatsinzwe amafaranga yatanze ku nzobere no ku musemuzi.” [30] Ababuranyi bemeranya ko umuhanga Havugimana Justin washyizweho n’Urukiko yagombaga guhembwa 300.000Frw, buri ruhande rugatanga 150.000Frw kandi umugenagaciro yemera ko Ndahiro Corneille yamwishyuye uruhare rwe. Urukiko rurasanga kuba ubujurire bwa Muhabwampundu Rosette butakiriwe, agomba gusubiza Ndahiro Corneille 150.000Frw yatanze nk’igihembo cy’umugenagaciro washyizweho n’Urukiko. 3.Kumenya niba Ndahiro Corneille yagenerwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka [31] Me Akimana Elisabeth wari uhagarariye Ndahiro Corneille mu nama ntegurarubanza, asaba Urukiko gutegeka Muhabwampundu Rosette guha uwo ahagarariye amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka angana na 1.000.000Frw n’ay’ikurikiranarubanza angana na 500.000Frw. [32] Me Uwizera Zeno wari uhagarariye Muhabwampundu Rosette muri iyo nama ntegurarubanza, avuga ko amafaranga Ndahiro Corneille asaba atayahabwa, kubera ko ari we wakoze amakosa. Uko Urukiko rubibona [33] Ingingo ya 111 y’itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikiye ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe.” [34] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Ndahiro Corneille yarashatse Avoka wo gukurikirana urubanza no kumuburanira, agomba kugenerwa amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka agenwe

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mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko, kubera ko ayo asaba ari menshi, mu bushishozi bwarwo rero, rukaba rumugeneye 800.000 Frw akubiyemo ay’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [35] Rwemeje ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa yatanzwe na Ndahiro Corneille, ifite ishingiro. [36] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Muhabwampundu Rosette ku rubanza RCA00005/2021/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 11/04/2022 butakiriwe kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [37] Rutegetse Muhabwampundu Rosette guha Ndahiro Corneille 800.000Frw akubiyemo amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kuri uru rwego. [38] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe na Muhabwampundu Rosette ajurira, ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.