UBUSHINJACYAHA vs SEMASHINGE N’ABANDI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA vs SEMASHINGE N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-07-10 - Case/document no.: RPA/GEN 00051, CMB RPA/GEN 00055/2023/HC/HCCIC - Collection: High Court

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs SEMASHINGE N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPA/GEN 00051, CMB RPA/GEN 00055/2023/HC/HCCIC (Byakatonda P.J., Karangwa na Nshimiyimana) 10 Nyakanga 2024] Amategeko yerekeye imanza nshinjabyaha – Kugirango kwireguza ihame ry’uko nta we ushobora kuburanishwa kabiri ku cyaha kimwe bigire ishingiro, ubiburanisha agomba kugaragaza ikimenyetso cy’uko ibikorwa bigize icyaha akurikiranyweho ari bimwe n’ibyo yakurikiranyweho mbere kandi akabicirirwaho urubanza harebwe abo byakorewe ndetse na kamere yabyo, igihe n’ahantu iyo myitwarire akurikiranyweho yayigiriye. Amategeko yerekeye imanza nshinjabyaha – Icyaha cya Jenoside – Icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside – Iyo umuntu yahaniwe kwica abantu cyangwa umuntu mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ntiyahanirwa ko atagaragaje aho yashyize uwo yishe nk’ icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye abaregwa buvuga ko Mu 1994 Nkundabagenzi, Semashinge na Munyampirwa bagiye mu bitero byinshi byishe abatutsi batandukanye barimo Ngendahimana na Deogratias, nyuma ya Jenoside Nkundabagenzi yahungiye mu gihugu cya Repubulika iharanira demokorasi ya Congo nuko ahunguka mu kwezi kwa 12/2021 ubwo yahungukaga yakestweho kugira uruhare mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Deogratias na Ngendahimana, hakozwe iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha burega Nkundabagenzi na Semashinge ku cyaha cya Jenoside n’icyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso Cyangwa Amakuru Byerekeye Jenoside. Ubushinjacyaha bwanareze mu rundi rubanza Munyampirwa na Semashinge, nanone ibyo byaha. Nkundabagenzi na Semashinge bombi bireguye bemera icyaha bakavuga ko uko ubushinjacyaha bubivuga ariko byagenze ntacyo bababeshyeraho ariko Semashinge we avuga ko nubwo yemera ibyaha aregwa ariko yabihaniwe mu nkiko Gacaca akaba asaba ko atakongera kubihanirwa. Mu rubanza rwa Munyampirwa na Semashinge, Munyampirwa yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo kujya mu gitero cyishe Deogratias agisabira imbabazi, ariko ko icyaha cyo guhisha imibiri atariwe wagikoze ko uwagikoze yagihaniwe, asaba ko yakigirwaho umwere, Semashinge we avuga ko icyaha yagihaniwe. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Nkundabagenzi ahamwa n’icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ndetse n’icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu, rwemeza kandi ko Semashinge ahamwa n’icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10ans) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga yu Rwanda Miliyoni imwe (1.000.000FRW), runemeza ko Munyampirwa ahamwa n’icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu gitero cyishe Deogratias, naho icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside nticyamuhama. Abaregwa bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko ruburanisha ibyaha mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi, imanza zabo zirahuzwa ziburanishirizwa hamwe, impamvu z’ubujurire zabo zikaba; Kuri Semashinge avuga ko yajuriye kubera ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gukora Jenoside kandi yaragihaniwe muri Gacaca, ko icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside ntacyo yakoze ko hari uwagikoze wanagihaniwe. Kuri Nkundabagenzi yajuriye avuga ko asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe kiremereye ku muntu nkawe ushaje. Kuri Munyampirwa avuga ko yajuriye kugira ngo agaragaze ko icyaha cya Jenoside bamushinja yakiburanye muri Gacaca akakigirwaho umwere.

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Ubushinjacyaha bwo buburana buvuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Semashinge nta shingiro zifite kubera ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwahaniye Semashinge icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside, ko atahaniwe Jenoside, bukaba busanga ubujurije bwe nta shingiro bufite kubera ko abazwa yemera ko yishe Ngendahimana anavuga ko atazi niba yarashyinguwe, uko kudatanga amakuru kugira ngo Ngendahimana ashakishwe ashyingurwe ko aribyo yahaniwe. Ku byerekeye ubujurire bwa Munyampirwa, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko nta shingiro bufite kubera ko yarezwe kwica Deogratias kandi muri Gacaca ntawe yahaniwe nkuko abivuga, naho kuri Nkundabagenzi ko atagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko atavugishije ukuri. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Kugirango kwireguza ihame ry’uko nta we ushobora kuburanishwa kabiri ku cyaha kimwe bigire ishingiro, ubiburanisha agomba kugaragaza ikimenyetso cy’uko ibikorwa bigize icyaha akurikiranyweho ari bimwe n’ibyo yakurikiranyweho mbere kandi akabicirirwaho urubanza harebwe abo byakorewe ndetse na kamere yabyo, igihe n’ahantu iyo myitwarire akurikiranyweho yayigiriye. 2. Iyo umuntu yahaniwe kwica abantu cyangwa umuntu mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ntiyahanirwa ko atagaragaje aho yashyize uwo yishe nk’ icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside. Bityo kubera ko Semashinge yahanwe n’Urukiko Gacaca, ntiyahanirwa ko atagaragaje aho yashyize imibiri yabo yishe. Amategeko yashingiweho: Ingingo ya 2 al 1 y’itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Imanza zifashishijwe: Ubushinjacyaha vs Bienvenue Omar, RPAA 00500/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/02/2024. Ubushinjacyaha vs Habimana Clément, RPAA 00235/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/9/2022. Ubushinjacyaha vs Sebagabo Julienne, RPAA/GEN 00003/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/10/2021. Ubushinjacyaha vs Urayeneza Gérard n’abandi, RPA/GEN 00039/2021/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru , Urugereko ruburanisha ibyaha Mpuzamahanga n’ibyambuka imbibi.

Ubujurire bwa Nkundabagenzi na Munyampirwa nta shingiro bufite; Ubujurire bwa Semashinge bufite ishingiro. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mu 1994 Nkundabagenzi Vicent, Semashinge Pascal na Munyampirwa Sylvestre bagiye mu bitero byinshi byishe abatutsi batandukanye barimo Ngendahimana Celestin na Deogratias, nyuma ya Jenoside Nkundabagenzi Vincent yahungiye mu gihugu cya Repubulika iharanira demokorasi ya Congo. [2] Mu kwezi kwa 12/2021 ubwo Nkundabagenzi Vincent yari ahungutse yaketsweho kugira uruhare mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Deogratias na Ngendahimana Celestin, hakozwe iperereza maze ubushinjacyaha burega Nkundabagenzi Vincent na Semashinge Pascal mu rubanza RP00011/2023/TGI/NYBE icyaha cya Jenoside n’icyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside,

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bunarega na Munyampirwa Sylvestre na Semashinge Pascal mu rubanza RP/GEN 00009/2023/TGI/NYBE ku byaha bivuzwe hejuru. [3] Mu rukiko Rwisumbuye mu rubanza rwa Nkundabagenzi Vincent na Semashinge Pascal rwavuzwe hejuru bombi bireguye bemera icyaha bakavuga ko uko ubushinjacyaha bibivuga ariko byagenze ntacyo bababeshyeraho ariko Semashinge Pascal we avuga ko nubwo yemera ibyaha aregwa ariko yabihaniwe mu nkiko Gacaca akaba asaba ko atakongera kubihanirwa. [4] Mu rubanza rwa Munyampirwa Sylvestre na Semashinge Pascal rwavuzwe, Munyampirwa Sylvestre yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo kujya mu gitero cyishe Deogratias agisabira imbabazi, ariko ko icyaha cyo guhisha imibiri atariwe wagikoze ko uwakoze yagihaniwe, asaba ko yakigirwaho umwere, Semashinge Pascal avuga ko yagihaniwe, maze ubushinjacyaha bureka ikirego kuri Semashinge Pascal. [5] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya rwemeje ko Nkundabagenzi Vincent ahamwa n’icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ndetse n’icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu, rwemeza kandi ko Semashinge Pascal ahamwa n’icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10ans) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga yu Rwanda Miliyoni imwe (1.000.000FRW), runemeza ko Munyampirwa Sylvestre ahamwa n’icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi mu gitero cyishe Deogratias, naho icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside nticyamuhama, rwemera kureka ikirego kwakozwe n’Ubushinjacyaha kuri Semashinge Pascal. [6] Semashinge Pascal, Nkundabagenzi Vincent na Munyampirwa Sylvestre barajuriye maze imanza zabo arizo RPA/GEN 00051/2023/HC/HCCIC na RPA/GEN 00055/2023/HC/HCCIC zarahujwe ziburanishirizwa hamwe, impamvu z’ubujurire zabo zikaba;  Kuri Semashinge Pascal avuga ko yajuriye kubera ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gukora Jenoside kandi yaragihaniwe muri Gacaca, ko icyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside ntacyo yakoze ko hari uwagikoze wanagihaniwe.  Kuri Nkundabagenzi Vincent yajuriye avuga ko asaba kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe kiremereye ku muntu nkawe ushaje.  Kuri Munyampirwa Sylvestre avuga ko yajuriye kugira ngo agaragaze ko icyaha cya Jenoside bamushinja yakiburanye muri Gacaca akakigirwaho umwere. [7] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za Semashinge Pascal nta shingiro zifite kubera ko atagaragaje aho umubiri wa Ngendahimana Celestin washyizwe kandi yari mu gitero cyamwishe, ko ubujurire bwa Munyampirwa Sylvestre nta shingiro bufite kubera ko yarezwe kwica Deogratias kandi muri Gacaca ntawe yahaniwe nkuko abivuga, naho kuri Nkundabagenzi Vincent ko atagabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko atavugishije ukuri. [8] Ibibazo bigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni;  Kuri Semashinge Pascal kumenya niba yahanirwa kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside mu gihe umubiri w’umuntu uvugwa ko atagaragaje yagize uruhare mu iyicwa rye yaranabihaniwe,  kuri Munyampirwa Sylvestre kumenya niba yarahaniwe ko yishe Deogratias n’uko bigomba kugenda mu gihe atamuhaniwe,

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 kumenya niba NKUNDABAGENZI Vincent yagabanyirizwa ibihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA A. Kumenya niba Semashinge Pascal yahanirwa kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside mu gihe umubiri w’umuntu uvugwa ko atagaragaje yarahaniwe ko yamwishe. A.1. Imiburanire ya Semashinge Pascal [9] Semashinge Pascal avuga ko yajuriye kugira ngo arenganurwe kubera ko icyaha bamurega yagihaniwe muri Gacaca, bakaba banamugerekaho ikindi cyaha kandi arengana mu gihe hari uwajimije umubiri wa Deogratias wanabihaniwe. A.1. Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [10] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko urukiko Rwisumbuye rwahaniye Semashinge Pascal icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside, ko atahaniwe Jenoside, bukaba busanga ubujurije bwe nta shingiro bufite kubera ko abazwa yemera ko yishe Ngendahimana Celestin, anavuga ko atazi niba yarashyinguwe, uko kudatanga amakuru kugira ngo Ngendahimana Celestin ashakishwe ashyingurwe ko aribyo yahaniwe. A.3. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [11] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Semashinge Pascal yahanirwa icyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside cyakozwe atagaragaza aho yashyize umubiri wa Ngendahimana Celestin, kandi muri Gacaca yarahaniwe kuba yarishe Ngendahimana Celestin. [12] Rusanga mu rubanza N°RPA/GEN 00050/2023/HC/HCCIC rwaciwe kuwa 18/04/2024, urugereko rwihariye ruburanisha ibyaha byo mu rwego mpuzamahanga n’ibyaha byambuka imbibi, rushingiye ku murongo wari mu rubanza RPA/GEN 00039/2021/HC/HCCIC, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Urayeneza Gérard na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko ruburanisha Ibyaha Mpuzamahanga n’Ibyambuka Imbibi, ku wa 31/03/2022, igika cya 240, haragaragajwe ko mu gihe umuntu yahaniwe kwica abantu cyangwa umuntu mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi bitashoboka ko yakongera guhanirwa ko atagaragaje imibiri cyangwa umubiri w’abantu cyangwa umuntu yishe akanabihanirwa. Bivuze ko muri uru rukiko hari umurongo [Precedent] uvuga ko iyo umuntu yahaniwe kwica abantu cyangwa umuntu mu gihe cya Jenocide atanahanirwa kuzimiza imibiri cyangwa umubiri w’abantu cyangwa umuntu yishe akanabihanirwa. [13] Urukiko rurasanga mu rubanza RP/GEN 00009/2023/TGI/NYBE rwaciwe n’urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, ubushinjacyaha bwarareze Semashinge Pascal icyaha cya Jenoside, Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside mu gitero cyishe Deogratias, maze mu gika cya gatatu cy’urwo rubanza urukiko Rwisumbuye rugaragaza ko Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko bwakoze iperereza ry’inyongera maze busanga Semashinge Pascal ibyaha aregwa yarabihaniwe bureka ikirego kuri Semashinge Pascal. [14] Rusanga mu rubanza RP 00011/2023/TGI /NYBE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, ubushinjacyaha bwareze Semashinge Pascal na Nkundabagenzi Vincent icyaha cya Jenoside, Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside ku gitero cyishe Deogratias na Celestin, maze muri urwo rubanza mu gika cya 12 urukiko Rwisumbuye rwagaragaje ko Semashinge Pascal ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10ans) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u

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Rwanda Miliyoni imwe (1000.000FRW) ku cyaha cyo kurigisa imibiri y’abazize Jenoside naho icyaha cya jenoside cyo yagihaniwe, kuko n’ibyo avuga ubushinjacyaha butabivuguruza. [15] Rusanga mu iburanisha ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko kuri Semashinge Pascal bwaretse kumukurikirana ku cyaha cya Jenocide ariko ko butaretse kumukurikirana ku cyaha cyo Kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside. [16] Urukiko rurasanga nkuko byafashweho umurongo mu rubanza N° RPA/GEN 00050/2023/HC/HCCIC rwasobanuwe hejuru ko iyo umuntu yahaniwe kwica abantu cyangwa umuntu mu gihe cya Jenocide yakorewe abatutsi atahanirwa ko atagaragaje aho yashize uwo yishe, n’uru rukiko rugomba kugendera kuri uwo murongo maze ntiruhane Semashinge Pascal ku cyaha cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside rushingiye ku byemejwe n’uru rukiko mu manza zavuzwe haruguru, kubera ko Semashinge Pascal yahanwe n’Urukiko Gacaca, bityo ntiyahanirwa ko atagaragaje aho yashyize imibiri yabo yishe. B. Kumenya niba Munyampirwa Sylvestre yarahaniwe ko yishe Deogratias ni uko bigomba kugenda mu gihe yamuhaniwe cyangwa atamuhaniwe B.1. Imiburanire ya Munyampirwa Sylvestre [17] Munyampirwa n’umwunganira Me Bigirimana Benoit bavuga ko yajurijwe nuko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rwamuhamije icyaha yaburanye mu nkiko Gacaca akigirwaho umwere, bityo ko atagomba kongera kukiburanishwaho kuko urubanza rwabaye itegeko. B.2. Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [18] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko bwasabye dosiye ya Gacaca muri Minubumwe kugira ngo burebe niba koko Munyampirwa Sylvestre yaraburanye icyaha cy’uko yishe Deogratias busanga nta hantu Gacaca yigeze imuburanisha icyaha kijyanye nuko yishe Deogratias mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, buvuga ko rero ibyo we n’umwunganira bavuga ko atakongera gukurikiranwa kubera ko yahaniwe icyo cyaha nta shingiro bifite. B.3. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA. [19] Rurasanga mu rubanza RPAA/GEN 00003/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/10/2021, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Sebagabo Julienne, para. 21-22, urukiko rw’ubujurire rwameje ko kuba ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya Jenoside Sebagabo Julienne yahamijwe n’Urukiko Gacaca rw’Umurenge wa Nyange bitandukanye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya Jenoside yarezwe mu nkiko zisanzwe, bigaragaza ko atakurikiranwe kabiri ku cyaha cya Jenoside hashingiwe ku bikorwa bimwe. Bivuze rero ko iyo umuntu yahaniwe kwica umuntu muri Jenoside n’inkiko Gacaca, nyuma hakaboneka undi muntu yishe ntacyabuza ubu inkiko zisanzwe kuburanisha ushinjwa. [20] Rurasanga kandi mu rubanza RPA/GEN 00039/2021/HC/HCCIC rw’ubushinjacyaha na Urayeneza Gérard na bagenzi be mu gika cyarwo cya 224 uru rukiko rwagaragaje ko rusanga kwireguza ihame ry’uko nta we ushobora kuburanishwa kabiri ku cyaha kimwe, ko kugira ngo bigire ishingiro ubiburanisha agomba kugaragaza ikimenyetso cy’uko ibikorwa bigize icyaha akurikiranyweho ari bimwe n’ibyo yakurikiranyweho mbere kandi akabicirirwaho urubanza harebwe abo byakorewe ndetse na kamere yabyo, igihe n’ahantu iyo myitwarire akurikiranyweho yayigiriye rushingiye ku rubanza rwa Naser Oric1 rwaciwe

1 The Appeals Chamber observes that, in the impugned decision, the Single Judge compared the acts on the basis of which Oric was charged and tried before the ICTY with the acts for which he is charged in Bosnia and Herzegovina and concluded that these acts differ fundamentally with respect to the alleged victims and the nature, time, and location of the alleged

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n’Urukiko Mpanabya rwashyiriweho icyahoze ari Yugosilaviya no mu rubanza rwa Sebagabo Julienne rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, aho Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko kuba ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya Jenoside ushinjwa yahamijwe n’Urukiko Gacaca bitandukanye n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha cya Jenoside yarezwe mu nkiko zisanzwe, bigaragaza ko atakurikiranwe kabiri ku cyaha cya Jenoside hashingiwe ku bikorwa bimwe. [21] Rusanga hashingiwe ku murongo wafashwe n’urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA/GEN 00003/2020/CA rwavuzwe hejuru, ko nta muntu ushobora kuvuga ko yahaniwe icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi ku buryo atakongera guhanwa mu gihe hari uwo bamurega ko yishe muri Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi atigeze aburanishwaho ngo amuhanirwe. [22] Rusanga nanone mu rubanza RPAA 00025/2020/CA, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku ngingo ya 107 y’itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, rwagaragaje ko mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose byemewe n’amategeko bishobora gushingirwaho mu guhamya cyangwa mu guhanaguraho icyaha ugikurikiranyweho, kandi umucamanza niwe ubiha ishingiro rikwiye. Umurongo w’urukiko rw’ubujurire wumvikanisha ko ujurira agaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragariza urukiko rwajuririwe ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa harimo inenge ku buryo urukiko rujuririrwa rusuzuma ibimenyetso ujurira yerekana n’ibyashingiweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa, rwasanga koko harimo inenge bigakosorwa mu gihe nta nenge ziri mu rubanza rujuririrwa iyo mpamvu y’ubujurire ntihabwe ishingiro. [23] Urukiko rurasanga mu rubanza RP/GEN 00009/2023/TGI/NYBE rwaciwe n’urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, haburana Munyampirwa Sylvestre na Semashinge Pascal, mu iburanisha ry’urwo rubanza mu gika cya gatanu [5], Munyampirwa Sylvestre yaburanye avuga ko yemera icyaha cyo kujya mu gitero cyishe Deogratias agisabira imbabazi, ntiyigeze avuga ko yabihaniwe mu nkiko Gacaca nkuko Semashinge Pascal we barezwe hamwe yaburanye abivuga. [24] Rurasanga mu nyandiko zoherejwe na MINUBUMWE zirimo imanza Munyampirwa Sylvestre yaburanye mu nkiko Gacaca nta hantu hagaragara ko yaburanye ibijyanye n’iyicwa rya Deogratias, ndetse harebwe n’ibyasobanuwe byose na Munyampirwa Sylvestre nawe ubwe nta kimenyetso yagaragaje gishimangira ibyo avuga kigaragaza ko koko yaba yaburanye ibijyanye n’iyicwa rya Deogratias mu nkiko Gacaca, bivuze ko nkuko byafashweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA/GEN 00003/2020/CA rwavuzwe ndetse bikanagenderwaho n’uru rukiko mu rubanza RPA /GEN 00039/2021/HC/HCCIC rwavuzwe, hagaragajwe ko nta muntu ushobora kuvuga ko yahaniwe icyaha cya Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi kuburyo atakongera guhanwa mu gihe hari uwo bamurega ko yishe muri Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi atigeze aburanishwaho ngo amuhanirwe. Muri uru rubanza naho rubona ibyo Munyampirwa Sylvestre avuga ko yaburanishijwe ku cyaha ashinjwa ko yagiye mu gitero cyishe Deogratias nta shingiro bifite kuko nta kimenyetso abitangira, bityo nta kosa ryakozwe n’urukiko Rwisumbuye kuba rwaraburanishije MUNYAMPIRWA Sylvestre ku cyaha cy’uko yagiye mu gitero cyishe Deogratias. [25] Kubijyanye no kuba urukiko Rwisumbuye rwarahamije icyaha Munyampirwa Sylvestre ndetse rukamugenera igihano, rusanga rwarashinigye ku kuba Munyampirwa Sylvestre nawe yaburanye yemera ko yagiye mu gitero cyishe Deogratias aho yasobanuye ko umuntu bari kumwe mu gitero ariwe wateye Deogratias icumu maze abandi bari kumwe baramwadukira baramukubita. Rwashingiye kandi no ku mvugo za Semashinge Pascal washimangiye ko yari kumwe na Munyampirwa Sylvestre mu gitero cyishe Deogratias, bivuze rero ko urukiko Rwisumbuye nta makosa rwakoze guhamya icyaha Munyampirwa Sylvestre kuko no mu bujurire Munyampirwa Sylvestre nta kimenyetso yashoboye kugaragaza gihinyuza ibyashingiweho n’urukiko Rwisumbuye, bivuze ko nkuko byafashweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA 00025/2020/CA rwavuzwe, ko ujurira agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso bigaragaza inenge zakozwe mu

criminal conduct”. (MICT-14- 79, Prosecutor v. Naser Oric, Decision of 17 February 2016 on an application forleave to appeal the single judge's decision of 10 december 2015, para.11.

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rubanza rujuririrwa iyo ntabyo ubujurire bwe nta shingiro buhabwa, bityo umwanzuro w’urukiko Rwisumbuye wo guhamya icyaha Munyampirwa Sylvestre ndetse rukamugenera igihano ufite ishingiro, nta gikwiye guhinduka ku rubanza ajuririra. [26] Kubijyanye n’ibivugwa n’uwunganira Munyampirwa Sylvestre Me Bigirimana Benoit ko itegeko rigomba gukurikizwa mu gukurikirana iki cyaha, ari amategeko yariho mu gihe hakurikiranwaga icyaha cya Jenoside cyane cyane ayakurikijwe mu nkiko Gacaca ko ari nayo akwiye gukurikizwa, ko habanza hagasuzumwa icyikiro Munyampirwa yagombaga kuba arimo, hakanashingirwa no kuba aburana yemera icyaha, hakanarebwa niba itegeko ubushinjacyaha bwashingiyeho bumurega ariryo riteganya igihano gito, ndetse ari naryo ryakurikizwa mu gutanga igihano, kuko bo basanga riteganya igihano kiremereye kurenza amategeko yakoreshwaga mbere. [27] Urukiko rurasanga mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00235/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/9/2022 haburana Habimana Clément n’Ubushinjacyaha, urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagaragaje ko iyo ujurira azanye ingingo nshya ataburanishije mu nkiko zibanza nta kamaro bimugirira kubera ko umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yakozwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, kuba rero ibivugwa n’uwunganira Munyampirwa Sylvestre ko amategeko agomba gukurikizwa mu gukurikirana uwo yunganira ari amategeko yariho mu gihe hakurikiranwaga icyaha cya Jenoside mu nkiko Gacaca ari nayo akwiye gukurikizwa, hakabanza gusuzumwa icyiciro Munyampirwa yagombaga kuba arimo, noneho hakanakurikizwa no kuba aburana yemera icyaha mu gusuzuma uko ahanwa; [28] Rusanga iyi miburanire Munyampirwa Sylvestre atarigeze ayiburanisha mu rukiko Rwisumbuye ku buryo ubu itafatwa nk’inenge zakozwe n’urukiko Rwisumbuye yifuza ko zikosorwa n’urukiko yajuririye, ahubwo ari ingingo nshya zizanywe mu bujurire, bityo uru rukiko rusanga zitasuzumwa nkuko byafashweho umurongo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00235/2021/CA aho urukiko rw’ubujurire rwagaragaje ko umucamanza w’ubujurire afite gusa inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yakozwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa. C.Kumenya niba Nkundabagenzi Vincent yagabanyirizwa ibihano C.1.Imiburanire ya Nkundabagenzi Vincent [29] Uwunganira Nkundabagenzi Vincent avuga ko mubyo urukiko rwasuzuma mu gutanga igihano rwareba ko uwo yunganira aburana yemera icyaha, ndetse no kuba ari umusaza ugeze muzabukuru, maze rukabishingiraho rukamugabanyiriza ibihano. C.2.Imiburanire y’Ubushinjacyaha [30] Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko busanga Nkundabagenzi Vincent atahabwa ibyo asaba byo kugabanyirizwa ibihano kubera ko ibisobanuro bye bitagaragaza neza ukwemera icyaha kuko ntacyo yavuze ku iyicwa rya Ngendahimana Celestin, yemeye gusa ku iyicwa rya Deogratias. C.3. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [31] Rusanga mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00500/2022/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/02/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bienvenue Omar, urukiko rwafashe umurongo uvuga ko nta cyabuza Urukiko kugabanyiriza igihano uregwa, hagamijwe gutanga igihano gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha kabone n’ubwo impamvu z’ubujurire zaba zitahawe ishingiro. Bivuze ko niyo impamvu z’ubujurirerusanze nta shingiro zifite ariko ushinjwa yarahawe igihano kiremereye nta cyabuza urukiko rujuririrwa kubigaragaza maze rukagena igihano kiboneye. [32] Rurasanga ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ko Ingingo ya

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60y’Itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ihinduwe ku buryo bukurikira, ko igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [33] Urukiko rurasanga mu gika cya 13 cy’urubanza RP 00011/2023/TGI/NYBE rujuririrwa, urukiko Rwisumbuye rwasobanuye ko Nkundabagenzi Vincent agomba guhanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya Burundu kuko yishoye mu gukora icyaha cya Jenoside ndetse ntiyanatanga amakuru y’aho yashyize abishwe muri Jenoside ngo imibiri yabo ishyingurwe mu cyubahiro yewe n’aho aviriye mu mashyamba ya Kongo ntiyigeze yishyikiriza ubuyobozi ngo bigaragare ko yaba yarababajwe n’icyaha cya Jenoside yakoze, uru rukiko ntanenge rubona kuri ibyo urukiko Rwisumbuye rwashingiyeho rutagabanyiriza Nkundabagenzi Vincent igihano, kandi na Nkundabagenzi Vincent ntashobora kubivuguruza, ariko nkuko byafashweho umurongo n’urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RPAA 00500/2022/CA rwavuzwe, nta cyabuza Uru rukiko kugabanyiriza igihano uregwa, hagamijwe gutanga igihano kiboneye. [34] Urukiko rurasanga kuba Nkundabagenzi Vincent ari ubwa mbere yahamijwe icyaha agahanwa, no kuba ageze mu myaka y‘izabukuru, uru rukiko rubona igihano kiboneye akwiye guhanishwa ar’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) y’igifungo aho kumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu, nkuko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 al 1 y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko nº 68/2018ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ryavuzwe hejuru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [35] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nkundabagenzi Vincent na Munyampirwa Sylvestre nta shingiro bufite, naho ubwa Semashinge Pascal bufite ishingiro; [36] Rwemeje ko urubanza RP00011/2023/TGI/NYBE rwaciwe kuwa 11/10/2023 ruhindutse kuri bimwe naho urubanza RP/GEN 00009/2023/TGI/NYBE kuwa 01/11/2023 rugumyeho; [37] Ruhanishijwe Nkundabagenzi Vincent igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25), naho Semashinge Pascal we akaba adahamwa n'icya cyo kuzimiza cyangwa gutesha agaciro ibimenyetso cyangwa amakuru byerekeye Jenoside; [38] Ruhanishijwe Munyampirwa Sylvestre igihano cy’ igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10); [39] Rwemeje ko amagarama y’urubanza ahererejwe ku isanduku ya Leta kubera ko Nkundabagenzi Vincent na Munyampirwa Sylvestre bafunzwe, naho Semashinge Pascal we akaba adahamwa n'icyaha.