UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NZAYISINGIZA

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NZAYISINGIZA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA00461/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NZAYISINGIZA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA00461/2023/CA (Kanyange, J. P.) 28 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza Nshinjabyaha – Kugabanya igihano n’ubwo ubujurire bwaba butahawe agaciro – Kuba uwakoze icyaha yaragikoze aribwo akiva mu bwana kandi atarigeze akurikiranwa mu butabera ku buryo buzwi ibyo byafatwa nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma nta cyabuza Urukiko kugabanya igihano hagamijwe gutanga igihano gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha cyakozwe kabone n’ubwo impamvu y’ubujurire iba itakiriwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe Nzayisingiza bumushinja icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka irindwi, bushingiye ku kuba agifatwa n’inzego z’ibanze yaremeye ko yasambanyije uwo mwana, ku mvugo za nyina w’uwo mwana no ku mvugo z’abandi bantu bemeje ko agifatwa yemeye icyaha ndetse no kuri raporo ya muganga, maze bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. Nzayisenga yireguye ahakana icyaha, avugako umwana yamwicaye ku bibero bye imashini y’ipantalo ye igafunguka ndetse n’igipesu kiracika, ko ariko mama w’umwana yaje agasanga ntacyo barakora, ko kandi atari agambiriye kumusambanya. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rushingiye ku kuba Uregwa yaremeye icyaha akiri mu nzego z’ikurikiranacyaha (Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha), ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya, iz’umubyeyi w’umwana no kuri raporo ya muganga, rwemeje ko Uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha aregwa, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kandi atarafatiwe mu cyuho, ko atari gutinyuka gusambanya umwana imbere y’umubyeyi we, naho abamushinja bakaba babiterwa n’inzangano zo mu muryango. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije buvuga ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro kuko yemera icyaha, ko ibindi avuga Urukiko rutabiha agaciro. Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bw’Uregwa nta shingiro bufite, rumukatira igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20), bituma ajuririra bwa kabiri uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko icyo anenga urubanza rujuririrwa ari uko Urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha nta bimenyetso bifatika rushingiyeho kuko atapimwe ngo ibyo iryo suzumwa rigaragaje bihuzwe n’ibyagaragaye ku mwana ashinjwa kuba yarasambanyije. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bw’Uregwa nta shingiro bufite kuko kuba atarapimwe itaba impamvu yo gutesha agaciro raporo ya muganga ndetse n’ibindi bimenyetso birimo imvugo ye mu Bugenzacyaha yemera icyaha agakomereza no mu Bushinjacyaha acyemera ko yagikoze ndetse akagisabira imbabazi. Bivuze ko, ibyo uwo Uregwa avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha habayeho kugenekereza nta shingiro bifite, ahubwo bigaragara ko atabashije kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho kandi bimuhamya icyaha, bityo ko haguhamo imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. Incamake y’icyemezo: Kuba uwakoze icyaha yaragikoze aribwo akiva mu bwana kandi atarigeze akurikiranwa mu butabera ku buryo buzwi ibyo byafatwa nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma nta cyabuza Urukiko kugabanya igihano hagamijwe gutanga igihano gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha cyakozwe kabone n’ubwo impamvu y’ubujurire iba itakiriwe. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Imikirize y’urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ihindutse kuri bimwe. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, ingingo ya 111. Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA00692/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha v. Ndayishimiye Jean Damascène, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Nzayisingiza Silas akurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka irindwi (7) wiswe G.U.C mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Ubushinjacyaha bukavuga ko yagikoze ku wa 17/04/2020 ubwo yari yagiye iwawo w’uwo mwana gushyira umuriro muri telefone ahengereye nyina w’uwo mwana agiye mu gikoni guteka, ko nyuma y’uko nyina w’uwo mwana amuhamagaye ngo aze amubwire ntamwitabe yagiye kumureba agasanga Nzayisingiza arimo kumusambanya, maze atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Nzayisingiza Silas mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kuba agifatwa n’inzego z’ibanze yaremeye ko yasambanyije uwo mwana, ku mvugo za nyina w’uwo mwana no ku mvugo z’abandi bantu bemeje ko agifatwa yemeye icyaha ndetse no kuri raporo ya muganga, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. [3] Nzayisingiza Silas yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko G.U.C yaje akamwicara ku bibero bigatuma umukandara w’ipantaro ufunguka ndetse n’igipesi kigacika, ko ariko nyina w’umwana yaje agasanga ntacyo barakora ko kandi atari agambiriye kumusambanya. [4] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RP00128/2020/TGI/NYBE ku wa 26/05/2020, rusanga hari ibimenyetso bihamya Nzayisingiza Silas icyaha akurikiranweho bigizwe: - No kuba mu Rukiko yaremeye ko nyina wa G.U.C yasanze umukandara w’ipantaro ufungiye n’igipesu cyacitse, ikaba ishimangira ko ibyo uwo mubyeyi yaketse ari ukuri kuko byanashimangiwe n’uko abayobozi bamubajije akemera ko bamutesheje atararangiza neza; - Imvugo za Nzayisingiza mu Bugenzacyaha aho yemeye icyaha akagisabira imbabazi; - Ubuhamya bwa Mukamurangwa Dansilla wavuze ko G.U.C yamubwiye ko yarongoranye na Nzayisingiza; - Raporo y’inzego z’ibanze ivuga ko Nzayisenga yemeye ko yasambanyije G.U.C; - raporo ya muganga yagaragaje ko ku gitsina cy’umwana harimo ibintu by’umweru hariho n’udusebe. Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso, rwemeje ko Nzayisingiza Silas ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [5] Nzayisingiza Silas yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kandi atarafatiwe mu cyuho, ko atari gutinyuka gusambanya umwana imbere y’umubyeyi we, naho abamushinja bakaba babiterwa n’inzangano zo mu muryango.

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[6] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, kuko yiyemereye icyaha mu Bugenzacyaha akomeza no kucyemra mu Bushinjacyaha, ko ibindi avuga Urukiko rutabiha agaciro. [7] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RPA00800/2020/HC/NYZ ku wa 26/10/2023, rusanga impamvu z’ubujurire bwe nta shingiro zifite kuko: - Rwasanze ku rwego rwa mbere yaremeye ko G.U.C yaje akicara ku bibero bye umukandara w’ipantaro ugafunguka n’igipesu kigacika ko ariko nyina yaje ntacyo barakora, ko iyo mvugo ihura n’iya nyina w’umwana wavuze yasanze Nzayisingiza yamanuye ipantaro n’umwana yavanyemo ikabutura, izi mvugo zigashimangirwa na raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko umwana yasambanyijwe; - Rwasanze kandi mu Bugenzacyaha Nzayisingiza yaremeye icyaha, ibyo yemeye bigahura n’imvugo za nyina w’umwana kandi akaba adasobanura impamvu yatumye ahindura ibyo yari yemeye mbere ndetse n’ibyo yavugiye mu Rukiko ku rwego rwa mbere. Rwasanze ariko igifungo cya burundu Nzayisingiza Silas yahanishijwe cyagabanywa kubera ko ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha kandi aribwo akiva mu bwana, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, ko urubanza rwajuririwe rudindutse gusa ku bijyanye n’igihano, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20). [8] Nzayisingiza Silas yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RPAA00461/2023/CA, ruhabwa itariki yo kuburanishwa yo ku wa 07/11/2024, uwo munsi ruburanishwa yunganiwe na Me Mukakalisa Jean d’Arc, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwizeye Jean Marie, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Nzayisingiza Silas n’umwunganira bavuga ko icyo banenga urubanza rwajuririwe ari uko Urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha nta bimenyetso bifatika rushingiyeho kuko atapimwe ngo ibyo iryo suzumwa rigaragaje bihuzwe n’ibyagaragaye ku mwana ashinjwa kuba yarasambanyije. [10] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyo mpamvu y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite, kuko kuba Nzayisingiza Silas atarapimwe bitatesha agaciro raporo ya muganga wasuzumye umwana yasambanyije ikagaragaza ko mu gitsina cye harimo by’umweru kandi hariho udusebe, ko kandi usibye iyo raporo hari n’ibindi bimenyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha akurikiranweho. [11] Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ukumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije icyaha Nzayisingiza Silas nta bimenyetso bifatika rushingiyeho. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA [12] Nzayisingiza Silas n’umwunganira bavuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya G.U.C nta bimenyetso bifatika Urukiko rushingiyeho, kuko atapimwe ngo noneho ibyo isuzumwa rigaragaje bihuzwe n’ibyagaragaye ku mwana ashinjwa kuba yarasambanyije, ko kuba ibyo bitarakozwe haba haragayeho kugenekereza ku bindi byose byashingiweho, kuko kuba raporo ya muganga yaragaragaje ko mu gitsina cy’umwana harimo ibintu byera hariho n’udusebe, bitavuze ko byatewe n’uko yasambanyijwe na Nzayisingiza kuko bishobora guterwa n’ibintu bitandukanye, ko ahubwo hashingirwa ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ivuga ko gushidikanya birengera ushinjwa, Nzayisingiza Silas akagirwa umwere. [13] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire bwa Nzayisingiza Silas nta shingiro ifite, kuko kuba atarapimwe bitatesha agaciro raporo ya muganga wasuzumye umwana yasambanyije

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ikagaragaza ko mu gitsina cye harimo by’umweru kandi hariho udusebe, bikaba bitanatesha agaciro ibindi bimenyetso byashingiweho birimo imvugo ze mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha aho yemeye icyaha akanasobanura uko yagikoze, naho kuba yarageze mu Rukiko agahakana ibyo yari yemeye mbere bikaba ntacyo byamara nk’uko Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwabitanzeho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA0010/06/CS haburana Munyambibi na bagenzi be, cyane cyane kandi ibyo yemeye bihura n’ibyo nyina w’umwana yasobanuye, ko rero ibyo Nzayisingiza n’umwunganira bavuga ko yahamijwe icyaha habayeho kugenekereza nta shingiro bifite ahubwo bigaragara ko atabashije kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho kandi bimuhamya icyaha, bityo ko haguhamo imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [14] Ku byerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, byasesenguwe mu rubanza RPAA00692/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndayishimiye Jean Damascène, Urukiko rusobanura ko mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye (principe de la liberté de la preuve en matière pénale) ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, kandi ko Urukiko arirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. [15] Nk’uko urubanza rwajuririwe rubigaragaza, Nzayisingiza Silas yari yajuriye avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana kandi atarafatiwe mu cyuho, ko atari gutinyuka gusambanya umwana imbere y’umubyeyi we, ko kandi abamushinja babiterwa n’inzangano zo mu muryango. Urukiko rwasanze ariko ibyo avuga nta shingiro bifite kuko hari ibyo yemeye ku rwego rwa mbere by’uko G.U.C yaje akamwicara ku bibero umukandara w’ipantaro ugafunguka n’igipesu kigacika, hakaba n’imvugo ya nyina w’uwo mwana wavuze ko yasanze Nzayisingiza yamanuye ipantaro n’umwana yavanyemo ikabutura izi mvugo zigashimangirwa, na raporo ya muganga ikaba yaragaragaje ko uwo mwana yasambanyijwe, runashingira kandi ku kuba mu nzego z’iperereza Nzayishingiza yaremeye ko yasambanyije uwo mwana. [16] Ku birebana n’ibimenyetso byashingiweho, bigaragara ko ubwo Nzayisingiza yabazwaga mu Bugenzacyaha, yaravuze ko yemera icyaha akanagisabira imbabazi, asobanura ko ubwo yari iwabo wa U.G.C, uyu yaje yaje amwicaraho atangira kumukandakanda ku gitsina no mu gatuza, ko yamubwiye ko niba ashaka kwihagarika yajya hasi ariko aranga ahubwo akuramo ikaburura amwicaraho, ahita ashyukwa barabikora, nyina ahita amuhamagara bahita babireka , aje asanga umukandara we ufunguye n’umwana atambaye ikabutura, ko uwo mwana ari we wamuhatirije ngo babikore. No mu Bushinjacyaha Nzayisingiza yongeye yemera icyaha, asobanura ko U.G.C yamukinishije agashiduka yashyutswe yabikoze (..), ko yakuyemo boxer maze umwa akajya yicara ku gitsina cye, nyina aza batararangiza. [17] Bigaragara kandi ko ibyo Nzayisingiza yasobanuye bihura n’ibyo nyina w’umwana yasobanuye, kuko yavuze ko kugira ngo acyeke ko yamusambanyirije umwana byatewe n’uko yasanze yamanuye ipantaro umwana nawe yavanyemo ikabutura. [18] Ku birebana na raporo ya muganga, igaragaza ko yasanze mu gitsina cy’umwana harimo ibintu by’umweru mu gitsina ndetse afite udukomere ku myanya ndangagitsina (la présence de leucorrhée blanchatre sur la vulve, des petites lesions au niveau de la fourchette et la face latérale de la petite lèvre gauche). [19] Urukiko rurasanga ku bivugwa na Nzayisingiza Silas by’uko nawe atapimwe, usibye ko atabiburanishije mu Rukiko Rukuru ngo anenge icyo rwavivuzeho, kubivuga kuri uru rwego ntacyo byamara kuko isuzumwa avuga ritakorwa nyuma y’igihe gishize icyaha gikozwe ndetse na nyuma yo kugikora akaba yaracyemereye inzego zishinzwe iperereza. Byongeye kandi, ntagaragaza uburyo

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kudasuzumwa kwe byatesha agaciro ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, birimo cyane cyane ukwemera kwe yakoreye mu nzego z’iperereza aho yasobanye neza imikorere y’icyaha, kandi uko yayisobanuye igahura n’uko nyina w’umwana yabisobabuye, byose bigashimangirwa na raporo ya muganga yagaragaje ibimenyetso by’uko umwana yasambanyijwe, bivuze ko n’ubwo Nzayisingiza atapimwe, ibyo iyo raporo yagaragaje bitarebwa ukwabyo ahubwo bigomba guhuzwa nawe kuko intandaro yo gusaba ko ikorwa ari uko yaketswe gusambanya umwana kandi yafatwa akemera ko yabikoze, bityo impamvu y’ubujurire bwe ikaba nta shingiro ifite. [20] Urukiko rurasanga ariko n’ubwo ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite, bitarubuza gusuzuma ibirebana n’igihano yahawe kugira ngo harebwe niba icyo yahawe gikwiranye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze1. Koko rero n’ubwo icyaha Nzayisingiza Silas yakoze cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka irindwi (7) gikomeye ndetse Urukiko Rukuru rukaba rwaramugabanyirije ibihano rushingiye ku kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi ko kandi yari akiva mu bwana, Uru Rukiko rurasanga ataragabanyirijwe mu buryo buhagije harebwe cyane cyane ikigero cy’imyaka yari arimo kirangwa no gukubagana ndetse n’ubushishozi bucye, no kuba nta ngaruka ziremereye icyaha cyasize ku mwana wagikorewe hashingiwe kubyo raporo ya muganga yagaragaje, bityo igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri yahanishijwe kikaba cyakongera kikagabanywa. [21] Mu kugabanya icyo gihano, Urukiko rurashingira ku zindi manza zaciwe ku bantu barezwe icyaha nk’icyo Nzayisingiza akurikiranyweho, harimo urubanza RPAA00473/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 22/11/2024 haburana ubushinjacyaha na Hagenimana Claude wari ufite imyaka makumyabiri (20) agasambanya umwana w’imyaka irindwi (7), Urukiko rubyibwirije rukaba rwaramugabanyirije igihano rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16) kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zishingiye ku kuba yarakoze icyaha akiri muto, kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi ko kuba icyaha yakoze nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje, bityo kuba izo mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha Hagenimana azihurizaho na Nzayisingiza kandi bombi bakaba barakoze icyaha bafite imyaka makumyabiri (20) bagasambanya abana b’imyaka irindwi(7), nawe yagabanyirizwa igihano mu buryo bumwe n’ubwa Hategekimana mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera busa ku bibazo bisa, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16), bivuze ko urubanza rwajuririwe ruhindutse gusa ku byerekeye igihano. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [22] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Nzayisingiza Silas nta shingiro bufite. [23] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA00800/2020/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 26/10/2023, ihindutse gusa ku birebana n’igihano. [24] Ruhanishije Nzayisingiza Silas igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itandatu (16). [25] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku isanduku ya Leta kuko nzayisingiza silas yajuriye afunze, akaba asonewe kuyatanga.