UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HITIYAREMYE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HITIYAREMYE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-03-25 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00379/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HITIYAREMYE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00379/2023/CA (Rutazana, P.J.) 25 Werurwe 2025] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu – Gushidikanya – Ugushidikanya kurengera ushinjwa akagirwa umwere ku cyaha akurikiranweho – Kugira ngo Umucamanza afate icyemezo gihamya icyaha, agomba kuba afite ibimenyetso bihamya nta gushidikanya (preuves à conviction au-delà de tout doute raisonnable) ko ushinjwa ariwe wakoze icyaha – Umucamanza agomba gusesengurana ubushishozi uruhurirane rw’ibimenyetso, agahamya ushinjwa icyaha mu gihe gusa asanga nta wundi mwanzuro wagerwaho n’isesengura yakoze uretse iryo gusanisha uwakoze icyaha n’icyaha cyakozwe. Incamake y’ikibazo : Umugabo witwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal yasanzwe aryamye mu muringoti afite ibikomere ku mutwe no ku kaboko, akurwamo ajyanwa kwa muganga nyuma y’amasaha abiri arapfa. Haketswe ko yakubiswe na Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa, Bimenyimana Sagatwa Ildephonse, Niyomutware Abel na Bamporiki Jean Claude, bituma bafatwa bashyikirizwa inzego z’iperereza. Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi bubakurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu, abaregwa bose baburana bavuga ko icyaha baregwa ntacyo bakoze, basaba kurenganurwa. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi rwemeje ko abaregwa bose bahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu cyakorewe Barihenda Uwimana Pascal, maze ruhanisha buri wese igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5000.000Frw. Abaregwa bose bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi bavuga ko bahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho kuko nta mutangabuhamya wagaragaje ko yababonye bakubita nyakwigendera, basaba kurenganurwa. Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha yaburanye avuga ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bufite kuko batabasha kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko rubahamya icyaha ku rwego rwa mbere. Uwitwa Nyiransekanabo Vérène uvuga ko yari umugore wa nyakwigendera nawe yaburanye asaba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kumugenera indishyi z’akababaro n’iz’ibyakoreshejwe mu gushyingura nyakwigendera. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, rwemeje ko Bimenyimana Sagatwa Ildephonse, Niyomutware Abel na Bamporiki Jean Claude badahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu. Naho ku birebana na Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa, Urukiko rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha kuko ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bidashidikanywaho kandi bigaragaza nta shiti ko ariwe wakubise akanakomeretsa nyakwigendera bikamuviramo gupfa; bityo rutegeka ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000Frw yahanishijwe kigumaho, kandi akishyura umugore wa nyakwigendera indishyi n’ingwate y’amagarama yatanze arega.

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Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu rwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal nyamara ibimenyetso byashingiweho bidahagije kandi bitagaragaza ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha, bityo asaba uru Rukiko kwemeza ko ari umwere. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nawe asanga ubujurire bwa Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa bufite ishingiro, kuko ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko ariwe wakubise nyakwigendera bikamuviramo urupfu, bikaba rero bitagaragaza uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ryacyo, bityo ko akwiriye kugirwa umwere. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta bimenyetso byashingiweho bigaragaza ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yagize uruhare mu bikorwa byakorewe Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, bikaba rero bitagaragaza ko yagikoze; kandi hakaba kandi nta n’ikindi kimenyetso cyagaragajwe muri dosiye kigaragaza uruhare rwe muri icyo cyaha; bityo akaba agomba kugirwa umwere kuri icyo cyaha.

Incamake y’icyemezo: Ugushidikanya kurengera ushinjwa akagirwa umwere ku cyaha akurikiranweho. Kugira ngo Umucamanza afate icyemezo gihamya icyaha, agomba kuba afite ibimenyetso bihamya nta gushidikanya (preuves à conviction au-delà de tout doute raisonnable) ko ushinjwa ariwe wakoze icyaha. Umucamanza agomba gusesengurana ubushishozi uruhurirane rw’ibimenyetso, agahamya ushinjwa icyaha mu gihe gusa asanga nta wundi mwanzuro wagerwaho n’isesengura yakoze uretse iryo gusanisha uwakoze icyaha n’icyaha cyakozwe. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo kuwa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ingingo ya 81; Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo kuwa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko gushidikanya birengera ushinjwa, ingingo ya 111. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00737/2021/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Uwayisaba Habimana Antoine, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/12/2022; Urubanza RPAA 00249/2023/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Bazimaziki Gratien, rwaciwe n’Ubushinjacyaha ku wa 20/12/2024. Urubanza RPA 0084/10/CS rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Gatera, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 09/05/2014; Urubanza RPAA 00434/2023/CA - CMB RPAA 00353/2023/CA - CMB RPAA 00366/2023/CA - CMB 00435/2023/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Mazina Déogratias alias Gasongo n’abandi, zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/11/2024. Urubanza

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I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 18/12/2019 mu masaha ya saa kumi n’imwe n’igice za mu gitondo, mu Mudugudu wa Nyarusange, Akagari ka Gasura, Umurenge wa Bwishyura, mu Karere ka Karongi, umugabo witwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal yasanzwe aryamye mu muringoti afite ibikomere ku mutwe no ku kaboko, akurwamo ajyanwa kwa muganga nyuma y’amasaha abiri arapfa. [2] Haketswe ko yakubiswe na Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa, Bimenyimana Sagatwa Ildephonse, Niyomutware Abel na Bamporiki Jean Claude, bituma bafatwa bashyikirizwa inzego z’iperereza; rirangiye Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi bubakurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu, abaregwa bose baburana bavuga ko icyaha baregwa ntacyo bakoze, basaba kurenganurwa. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00046/20/TGI/KNG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi ku wa 14/01/2021 rwemeje ko abaregwa bavuzwe haruguru bose bahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu cyakorewe Barihenda Uwimana Pascal, ruhanisha buri wese igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5000.000FRW. Ibyo Urukiko rwabyemeje rushingiye ku bimenyetso bikurikira: - Ubuhamya bwa Hagenimana wavuze ko ubwo yari kumwe n’umugore wa nyakwigendera barimo kumushakisha, babonye Bimenyimana Sagatwa Ildephonse ari imbere yabo bamuhamagaye aho kwitaba ariruka, ngo ibi bikaba bisobanura ko yari afite ibyo yikeka ko yakoze; - Ubuhamya bwa Habyarimana washinje Niyomutware Abel na Bamporiki Jean Claude kuba baragize umugambi wo kwica nyakwigendera bamuziza ko yatangaga amakuru ko batega imodoka bakazambura; - Ubuhamya bwa Uwingabiye Gasore wavuze ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yazanye na nyakwigendera mu kabari ke kandi ko kuri uwo munsi basangiriye inzoga mu kabari ka Elisa; uyu mutangabuhamya anavuga ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yari asanzwe atumvikana na nyakwigendera, kandi ko nyuma y’uko amakuru y’urupfu rwe asakaye yahise abura akongera kuboneka nyuma y’iminsi ibiri bamaze kumushyingura. [4] Abaregwa bose bajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi bavuga ko bahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho kuko nta mutangabuhamya wagaragaje ko yababonye bakubita nyakwigendera, basaba kurenganurwa. Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha yaburanye avuga ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bufite kuko batabasha kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko rubahamya icyaha ku rwego rwa mbere. [5] Uwitwa Nyiransekanabo Vérène uvuga ko yari umugore wa nyakwigendera nawe yaburanye avuga ko mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi yishyuye amafaranga y’igarama anatanga ikirego cy’indishyi, ariko urwo Rukiko ntirwagira icyo rubivugaho cyangwa ngo rumuhe ijambo mu gihe cy’iburaisha; ashingira kuri icyo kirego yari yatanze ku rwego rwa mbere asaba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kumugenera ndishyi yari yasabye zingana na 20.000.000 Frw, zikubiyemo indishyi z’akababaro n’iz’ibyakoreshejwe mu gushyingura nyakwigendera. [6] Mu rubanza RPA 00081/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kuwa 28/07/2023, rwemeje ko Bimenyimana Sagatwa Ildephonse, Niyomutware Abel na

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Bamporiki Jean Claude badahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, kuko ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bitagaragaza nta shiti ko bagize uruhare mu rupfu rwe; naho ku bireba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa Urukiko rwemeza ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha kuko ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bidashidikanywaho kandi bigaragaza nta shiti ko ariwe wakubise akanakomeretsa nyakwigendera bikamuviramo gupfa; rutegeka ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000FRW yahanishijwe kigumaho, kandi akishyura Nyiransekanabo Vérène 2.000.000 FRW akubiyemo indishyi n’ingwate y’amagarama yatanze arega. [7] Ibyo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwabyemeje rushingiye ku bimenyetso bikurikira, rwasesenguye mu bushishozi bwarwo rushingiye ku byateganywaga mu ngingo ya 108 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ryakurikizwaga icyo gihe: - Imvugo y’umutangabuhamya witwa Uwingabiye Gasore wavuze ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yari asanzwe atumvikana na nyakwigendera kandi ko ku munsi ubanziriza uwo nyakwigendera yabonekeyeho yakubiswe, aba bombi babanje kuzana mu kabari ke (ka Uwingabiye Gasore) hanyuma bajya mu kandi kabari ka Elisa aho biriwe basangira inzoga; - Imvugo y’umutangabuhamya witwa Ndikubwimana nawe wavuze ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yari asanzwe afitanye na nyakwigendera amakimbirane ashingiye ku mafaranga; - Kuba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa adahakana ko ku munsi ubanziriza uwo nyakwigendera yabonekeyeho yakubiswe, yaturukanye nawe iwe mu rugo bakajyana mu kazi, nyuma ya saa sita nko mu gihe cya saa saba bakajyana kunywa inzoga ku kabari bikagera nimugoroba nko mu gihe cya saa kumi n’ebyiri bari kumwe, akavuga ko yamusabye ko bataha undi akanga hanyuma amusiga aho mu kabari ka Uwingabiye Gasore, nyamara mu ibazwa rye yaravuze ko atigeze anywera muri ako kabari ko kwa Gasore kubera amakimbirane basaganywe; ko rero bivuze ko muri ayo masaha y’umugoroba yari kumwe na nyakwigendera, akaba atagaragaza amaherezo ye ya nyuma kandi afite inshingano zo kugaragaza ukuri ku ibyo aburanisha; - Kuba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa avuga ko yasize nyakwigendera ku kabari ari kumwe n’abandi bantu, nyamara uretse kubivuga gusa akaba nta kimenyetso atanga kibyemeza, Urukiko rukaba ntaho rwahera rumukuraho uburyozwacyaha mu gihe atabasha kugaragaza uburyo yatandukanye na nyakwigendera biriwe basangira inzoga; - Kuba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa atagaragaza icyatumye nyuma y’uko amakuru y’urupfu rwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal asakaye, yarabuze kandi ari umuntu bari basanzwe bakorana umunsi ku munsi, akaboneka nyuma y’iminsi ibiri. [8] Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00379/2023/CA ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 18/03/2025 yunganiwe na Me Ngabo Claude, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Habimana Jean Cabin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu, naho Nyiransekanabo Vérène waregeye indishyi yunganiwe na Me Harerimana Euphrasie.

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[9] Mu bujurire bwe Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa n’umwunganira bavuga ko yahamijwe icyaha cyo gukubita cyangw agukomeretsa ku bushake byateye urupfu rwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal hashingiwe ku bimenyetso Urukiko rwise ko bicukumbuwe nyamara bitagaragaza ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha, kuko bitari ibimenyetso bikomeye, bisobanuye kandi bihuje; bagasaba uru Rukiko kwemeza ko ari umwere. Bavuga kandi ko ikirego cy’indishyi cyatanzwe na Nyiransekanabo Vérène kitagombaga kwakirwa kuko cyatanzwe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha nawe avuga ko ubujurire bwa Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa bufite ishingiro kuko ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko yagikoze koko, akaba akwiriye kugirwa umwere. [11] Nyiransekanabo Vérène n’umwunganira nabo bavuga ko atari yarashakanye na nyakwigendera mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko akaba rero nta nyungu afite yo kurega, bityo ikirego cy’indishyi yari yatanze akaba akiretse. [12] Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo bikurikira bigize urubanza: Kumenya niba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko yagize uruhare muri icyo cyaha. Kumenya niba ikirego cy’indishyi cyatanzwe na Nyiransekanabo Vérène kitaragombaga kwakirwa. II. ISESENGURA RY’ IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yarahamijwe icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko yagize uruhare muri icyo cyaha. [13] Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa n’umwunganira bavuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwamuhamije icyaha rushigiye ku bimenyetso rwise ko bicukumbuye nyamara bidakwiriye gufatwa nk’ibimenyetso bikomeye, bisobanuye kandi bihuje nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 108 y’Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo ryakurikizwaga igihe urubanza rujuririrwa rwacibwaga. Basobanura ko ibyo bimenyetso bitagaragaza ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yagize uruhare mu rupfu rwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal, bashingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira: - Mu buhamya Uwingabiye Gasore yatanze mu Bugenzacyaha, icyo yatanze ni amakuru ariko nayo arimo ukwivuguruza kuko ku ruhande rumwe yavuze ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa na nyakwigendera bagiranaga utubazo ngo kuko batajyaga basangira, ku rundi ruhande avuga ko ku munsi ubanziriza uwo nyakwigendera yabonekeyeho yakubiswe, aba bombi basangiriye mu kabari ka Elisa ( reba igisubizo ku kibazo cya 3); akaba ntacyo yemeje kigaragaza uruhare rwa Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa mu cyaha ashinjwa, dore ko abajijwe abo akeka ko bakubise nyakwigendera atigeze akomoza kuri Hitiyaremeye Pierre alias Kimasa, ahubwo yavuze ko yaba yarakubiswe n’abagizi ba nabi (reba igisubizo ku kibazo cya 9);

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- Kuba abantu bakorana bajyana mu kabari bagasangira cyangwa ntibasangire ni ibintu bisanzwe, bikaba ntacyo bigaragaza ku bijyanye n’uruhare rwa Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa mu cyaha ashinjwa; - Ubuhamya bwa Ndikubwimana Abel mu Bugenzacyaha nabwo si ikimenyetso gishinja Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa, kuko ibyo yavuze ko uyu yaba yari afitanye ibibazo by’amafaranga na nyakwigendera nta kuri kurimo; ahubwo ikiriho ni uko bombi barakoreshwaga na Ntawuhiganayo Eliya akaba ari we wabahembaga akanakira amafaranga avuye mu mabuye bacukuraga, bakaba rero ntacyo bapfaga cyari gutuma Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa amukubita cyane cyane ko n’igihe yari amaze kumenya ko yakomeretse yatabaye nk’uko byavuzwe na Nyiransekanabo Vérèna (umugore wa nyakwigendera), ndetse n’umutangabuhamya witwa Hagenimana mu ibazwa rye mu Bugenzacyaha akaba yaravuze ko ubwo yageraga ku muhanda amaze kumenya ko nyakwigendera yakomeretse yasanze Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa amwiyegamije arimo kumwambika ipantalo; ko rero iyo aba yari afite umugambi wo kumwica cyangwa hari icyo yikeka atari kumutabara bene ako kageni; - Kuba Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa adahakana ko yajyanye na nyakwigendera mu kazi bakaza no kujyana mu kabari ubwabyo ntaho bihuriye n’ibigize icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa ku bushake gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, ahubwo byerekana ko bari babanye neza cyane cyane ko umugore wa nyakwigendera nawe yavuze ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yagiye gushakira umugabo we iwabo mu rugo akamubura, ahamagaye telefone ye yitabwa n’umugore we, birangira amusanze aho yari yaguye mu muferege; - Ibyo Urukiko rwemeje ko mu masaha ya ku mugoroba wo kuwa 17/12/2019 Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yari kumwe na nyakwigendera si ukuri kuko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yemeje ko yatashye 17h30 asiga nyakwigendera muri ako ga centre; Urukiko rukaba rutaragaragaje icyo rwashingiyeho rwemeza ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yari afite inshingano zo kumenya uko nyakwigendera yatashye ku buryo yagombaga kumenya amaherezo ye ya nyuma; - Kuba Urukiko rwarahamije Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa icyaha rushingiye ku mpamvu y’uko atabashije gutanga ibimenyetso bihamya ko yasize nyakwigendera mu kabari nk’uko abivuga (reba igika cya 32 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa) nyamara muri icyo gika rwararondoye amazina y’abantu bahamya ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa atatahanye na nyakwigendera ahubwo yamusize mu kabari; Urukiko rukaba rwari rufite inshingano yo kubaza abo batangabuhamya kugira ngo ukuri ku byabaye kugaragare; - Kuba Hitiyaremye yaba atarabonetse mu gushyingura nyakwigendera si ikimenyetso kimuhamya icyaha kuko byatewe n’uko yabimenye atinze kuko yasize bamujyanye kwa muganga kandi akaba yarashyinguwe kure y’urugo rwe ku buryo hari n’abandi baturanyi benshi n’inshuti batitabiriye uwo muhango wo kumushyingura; akaba rero atari we wenyine utarahabonetse ku buryo byari gushingirwaho nk’impamvu imuhmamya icyaha, dore ko nta n’Urwego rushinzwe iperereza cyangwa kugenza ibyaha rwigeze rumushaka ngo rumubure kuko ari we wijyanye ku Bugenzacyaha. [14] Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa n’umwunganira bavuga ko ibimenyetso byavuzwe bidakomeye kuko nta na kimwe kigaragaza uruhare rwe mu cyaha ashinjwa (nk’uwamwumvise acura umugambi wo kwica nyakwigendera, uwamubonye amukubita, icyo yakoresheje, n’ibindi)

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bikaba kandi bidasobanuye kuko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya zigaragaramo ukwivuguruza, ndetse bikaba bidahuje kuko ntacyo bigaragaza ku bijyanye no kumenya igikorwa uregwa yakoze ku bushake bwe cyakomerekeje nyakwigendera bikamuviramo urupfu. [15] Basaba Urukiko gushingira ku byasobanuwe byose no ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha rukemeza ko hari ugushidikanya ku cyaha Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa ashinjwa maze akagirwa umwere, cyane cyane ko hatanagaragajwe uburyo yakozemo icyaha wenyine mu gihe abo byitwaga ko bafatanyije gutega nyakwigendera igico babaye abere, hakanirengagizwa raporo ya muganga wavuze ko ibikomere yari afite ku mutwe bishobora kuba byaratewe n’impanuka y’ikinyabiziga cyangwa ihohoterwa, nyamara urwo rujijo rukaba rutarakuweho ngo hagaragazwe icyateye urupfu rwe. [16] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko nawe asanga ubujurire bwa Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa bufite ishingiro, kuko ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko ariwe wakubise Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, bikaba rero bitagaragaza uruhare rwe mu ikorwa ryacyo. Akomeza asobanura ko uregwa yahamijwe icyaha mu buryo bugenekereje kandi bibujijwe mu manza nshinjabyaha hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 4, igika cya 2 y’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, kuko kuba barajyanye mu kabari bitavue ko byanze bikunze bagombaga gutahana, kandi Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa akaba atari kugaragaza amaherezo ya nyuma ya nyakwigendera mu gihe avuga ko we yatashye mbere akamusiga mu kabari; hakaba nta kimenyetso kigaragaza ko ariwe batahanye; no kuba bari basanzwe bafitanye amakimbirane ubwabyo bitavuze ko ariwe wamukubise. [17] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha asoza avuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rutaragaragaje igikorwa gifatika Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yakoze akubita nyakwigendera bikamuviramo urupfu, bityo ibimenyetso byashingiweho bikaba bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha, akaba akwiriye kugirwa umwere. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [18] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwaremeje ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa ahamwa n‘icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu rushingiwe ku bimenyetso bidahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko yagize uruhare muri icyo cyaha. [19] Ingingo ya 81 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo kuwa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso igira iti: “Urwego rufite ububasha rwemera gusa ikimenyetso gicukumbuwe n’ubwenge bw’umuntu, iyo ari ingirakamaro, gisobanuye, gihuje n’ibivugwa mu kibazo kandi gusa ari uko itegeko ryemera gutanga ikimenyetso hashingiwe ku mpamvu zose z’ibyabaye”. [20] Ikibazo cyo kumenya ibishingirwaho kugira ngo uregwa ahamwe n’icyaha cyasuzumwe mu manza zinyuranye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, harimo urubanza RPAA 00737/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 16/12/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwayisaba Habimana Antoine (igika cya 16-17), n’urubanza RPAA 00249/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 20/12/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bazimaziki Gratien (igika cya 15). Izo manza zihuriye ku murongo

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ukurikira: “Kugira ngo Umucamanza afate icyemezo gihamya icyaha, agomba kuba afite ibimenyetso bihamya nta gushidikanya (preuves à conviction au-delà de tout doute raisonnable) ko ushinjwa ariwe wakoze icyaha. Umucamanza agomba gusesengurana ubushishozi uruhurirane rw’ibimenyetso, agahamya ushinjwa icyaha mu gihe gusa asanga nta wundi mwanzuro wagerwaho n’isesengura yakoze uretse iryo gusanisha uwakoze icyaha n’icyaha cyakozwe.” [21] Nk’uko kandi byasobanuwe mu rubanza RPA 0084/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 09/05/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Gatera1, ugushidikanya kurengera ushinjwa akagirwa umwere ku cyaha akurikiranweho. Uwo murongo wanakurikijwe mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, harimo mu ziheruka gucibwa harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00318/2020/CA haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Birasa Jean Claude (igika cya 33) n’urubanza RPAA 00434/2023/CA - CMB RPAA 00353/2023/CA - CMB RPAA 00366/2023/CA - CMB 00435/2023/CA haburana Mazina Déogratias alias Gasongo n’abandi (igika cya 36), zombi zaciwe ku wa 29/11/2024. [22] Nk’uko bigaragara mu bika bya 30-34 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwahamije Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake uwitwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, rushingiwe ku bimenyetso bikurikira: - Kuba hari umutangabuhamya witwa Uwingabiye Gasore wavuze ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yari asanzwe atumvikana na nyakwigendera, n’undi mutangabuhamya witwa Ndikubwimana wavuze ko bari bafitanye amakimbirane ashingiye ku mafaranga; - Kuba umutangabuhamya witwa Uwingabiye Gasore yaravuze ko ku munsi ubanziriza uwo amakuru y’urupfu rwa nyakwigendra yamenyekaniyeho, mu masaha ya nyuma ya saa sita (nka saa saba) Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yarazanye nawe mu kabari ka Uwingabiye Gasore hanyuma bakajya gusangirira mu kandi kabari ka Elisa kugeza mu masaha y’umugoroba nka saa kumi n’ebyiri, ibi na Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa akaba atabihakana ariko ntagaragaze uburyo batandukanye n‘amaherezo ya nyuma ya nyakwigendera, kuko ibyo avuga ko yamusabye ko bataha akanga akamusiga aho mu kabari ari kumwe n’abandi bantu nta kimenyetso abitangira; - Kuba nyuma y’uko amakuru y’urupfu rwa Barihenda Uwimana Pascal asakaye, Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yarabuze kandi ari umuntu bari basanzwe bakorana umunsi ku munsi, akaboneka nyuma y’iminsi ibiri, nyamara akaba atagaragaza icyatumye abura. [23] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibimenyetso bivuzwe mu gika kibanziriza iki bitafatwa nk’ibigaragaza nta shiti ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa ku bushake Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, kuko uretse no kuba buri kimenyetso ukwacyo kitagaragaza uruhare rwe muri icyo cyaha, binarebewe hamwe nta cyo bigaragaza Urukiko rwaheraho rugera ku mwanzuro umwe rukumbi wo guhamya ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa ari we wakubise Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu. Ibi uru Rukiko rubishingira ku mpamvu zikurikira; - Nta kigaragariza Urukiko ko ibyo abatangabuhamya Uwingabiye Gasore na Ndikubwimana bavuze ko Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa yari asanzwe atumvikana

1Uru rubanza rwatangajwe mu Cyegeranyo cy’Ibyemezo by’Inkiko, Vol [2015] 4 RLR.

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(cyangwa afitanye amakimbirane) na nyakwigendera byafatwaho ukuri, kuko Uwingabiye Gasore yanavuze ko ubwa bazaga mu kabari aba bombi bazanye ndetse ko biriwe basangira inzoga mu kabari ko kwa Elisa, ibi bigatera urujijo ku bijyanye n’uko kutumvikana cyangwa amakimbirane bari basanzwe bafitanye; - N’iyo ayo makimbirane cyangwa ukutumvikana byaba byarabayeho, byaba impamvu ituma Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa akekwa mu ba mbere bashoboraga kugirira nabi nyakwigendera, ariko si ikimenyetso cyemeza byanze bikunze ko yagize uruhare mu kumukubita no kumukomeretsa ku bushake kuri uwo munsi; - Kuba Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa yari yiriwe asangira inzoga na nyakwigendera nabyo si ikimenyetso cyashingirwaho hemezwa nta shiti ko ari we wamukubise akanamukometersa, kuko kuba barasangiye bitavuze ko byanze bikunze bagombaga gutahira rimwe kandi bagatahana, ku buryo Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa yari afite inshingano yo kumenya amaherezo ye ya nyuma; kandi hakaba nta kindi kimenyetso cyatanzwe kigaragaza uruhare rwe mu bikomere byaviriyemo nyakwigendera urupfu; - Kuba Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa atarabonetse mu gushyingura nyakwigendera nabyo ntibyafatwa nk‘ikimenyetso kigaragaza nta shiti ko ahamwa n’icyaha ahinjwa, kuko ntacyo bigaragariza Urukiko cyatuma rubishingiraho rukagera ku mwanzuro rukumbi w’uko ari we wamukubise bikamuviramo gupfa. [24] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku bimaze gusobanurwa, rukabihuza n’umurongo watanzwe mu manza zavuzwe haruguru mu gika cya 20 n’icy 21, rurasanga ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa bitagaragaza ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa yagize uruhare mu bikorwa byakorewe Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, bikaba rero bitagaragaza ko yagikoze; hakaba kandi nta n’ikindi kimenyetso cyagaragajwe muri dosiye kigaragaza uruhare rwe muri icyo cyaha; bityo akaba agomba kugirwa umwere kuri icyo cyaha hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo kuwa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko gushidikanya birengera ushinjwa. [25] Urukiko rw‘Ubujurire rurasanga mu gihe Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa agizwe umwere ku cyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa ku bushake Barihenda Uwimana Pascal bikamuviramo urupfu, ikirego cy’indishyi zikomoka kuri icyo cyaha cyatanzwe na Nyiransekanabo Vérène nacyo ntaho kigishingiye, kikaba rero kitaragombaga gutangwa; bityo indishyi zingana na 2.000.000FRW Nyiransekanabo Vérène yagenewe mu rubanza rujuririrwa zikaba zigomba kuvaho; bikaba kandi atari ngombwa gusuzuma ibijyanye no kureka ikirego yakoze kuri uru rwego. [26] Hashingiwe ku byasobanuwe byose, ubujurire bwa Hitiyarenye Pierre alias Kimasa bufite ishingiro kuri byose, n‘urubanza rwajuririwe rukaba ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [27] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa bufite ishingiro.

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[28] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00081/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kuwa 28/07/2023 ruhindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. [29] Rwemeje ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa agizwe umwere ku cyaha cyo gukubita no gukomeretsa byateye urupfu cyakorewe Barihenda Uwimana Pascal. [30] Rutegetse ko Hitiyaremye Pierre alias Kimasa ahita afungurwa uru rubanza rukimara gusomwa. [31] Rutegetse ko indishyi zingana na 2.000.000FRW zagenwe mu rubanza RPA 00081/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi kuwa 28/07/2023 zivuyeho. [32] Rutegetse ko amagarama y'urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.