UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDABAZI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDABAZI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-27 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00361/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. NDABAZI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00361/2023/CA (Rutazana, P.J.,) 27 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cy’ubwicanyi – Guhindura inyito y’icyaha – Mu kumenya niba uwakubise undi ku bushake yari afite umugambi wo kumwica cyangwa niba yari agamije gusa kumukubita cyangwa kumukomeretsa bisuzumirwa mu cyakoreshejwe (intwaro ishobora kwica) mu kumukubita no ku gice cy’umubiri cyakubiswe (mu cyico). Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Ubusembure – Ubusembure bwumvikana nk’impamvu ngabanyagihano igizwe no kuba uwakoze icyaha yarabitewe n’uko yari yabanje gukorerwa igikorwa kimubabaza gikomeye kandi kimurenganya. Habaho ubusembure igihe hari ibikorwa ukurikiranyweho icyaha yakorewe n’uwakorewe icyaha (victime), bituma ako kanya amukorera icyaha aregwa. Ni ishingano y’uregwa uburanisha ubusembure kubuzamura no ku butangira ibimenyetso, umucamanza akaba afite ishingano yo kubusuzuma mu gihe abisabwa n’uregwa mu buryo bweruye kandi bwumvikana. Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano – Kugabanyirizwa ibihano – Ntawakwitwaza ingaruka mbi z’icyaha ngo asabe kugabanyirizwa igihano.Urukiko ntirutegetswe kugabanya igihano niyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ndabazi Evariste yakubise umugore we Mukandayisenga Charlotte agafuni mu mutwe, ajyanwa kwa muganga ariko nyuma y’umunsi umwe arapfa. Ndabazi Evariste yarafashwe ashyikirizwa inzego z’ikurikiranacyaha, iperereza rirangiye Ubushinjacyaha bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, busaba ko kimuhama agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Ndabazi aburana yemera icyaha asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, rwemeje ko Ndabazi Evariste ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi cyakorewe umugore we, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Ndabazi Evariste yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi asaba ko inyito y’icyaha ashinjwa ihinduka agahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, asaba kandi kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko yakoze icyaha atakigambiriye ndetse akaba yaracyemeye kuva agifatwa. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 28/07/2023, rwasanze kuba Ndabazi Evariste yarakubise umugore we agafuni (igikoresho gishobora kwica) mu mutwe (mu cyico) agapfa nyuma y’umunsi umwe, bigaragaza ko yari afite umugambi wo kumwica n’ubwo atahise apfa ako kanya, bityo akaba ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi buturutse ku bushake. Urukiko kandi rwasanze n’ubwo Ndabazi Evariste yaburanye yemera icyaha, adakwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku buremere bw’icyaha yakoze cyo kwambura ubuzima umugore we n’abana be akabagira imfubyi, n’ubugome yagikoranye.

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Ndabazi Evariste yongeye kujurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko yakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure, asaba kandi ko inyito yacyo igahindurwa, bityo agahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu; asaba kandi kugabanyirizwa igihano. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndabazi Evariste nta shingiro bufite kuko ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kandi akaba atagaragaza igikorwa cy’ubusembure yakorewe na nyakwigendera bigatuma amwica; avuga kandi ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu uregwa yahanishijwe gikwiriye kugumaho kuko atari ihame ko igihe cyose hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha uregwa agomba kugabanyirizwa igihano. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1.Mu kumenya niba uwakubise undi ku bushake yari afite umugambi wo kumwica cyangwa niba yari agamije gusa kumukubita cyangwa kumukomeretsa bisuzumirwa mu cyakoreshejwe (intwaro ishobora kwica) mu kumukubita no ku gice cy’umubiri cyakubiswe (mu cyico). 2. Ubusembure bwumvikana nk’impamvu ngabanyagihano igizwe no kuba uwakoze icyaha yarabitewe n’uko yari yabanje gukorerwa igikorwa kimubabaza gikomeye kandi kimurenganya. Habaho ubusembure igihe hari ibikorwa ukurikiranyweho icyaha yakorewe n’uwakorewe icyaha (victime), bituma ako kanya amukorera icyaha aregwa. Ni ishingano y’uregwa uburanisha ubusembure kubuzamura no ku butangira ibimenyetso, umucamanza akaba afite ishingano yo kubusuzuma mu gihe abisabwa n’uregwa mu buryo bweruye kandi bwumvikana. 3. Ntawakwitwaza ingaruka mbi z’icyaha ngo asabe kugabanyirizwa igihano.Urukiko ntirutegetswe kugabanya igihano niyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 56 niya 107. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPA 0110/10/CS rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamurengeye, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 31/01/2014; Urubanza RPAA 00663/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Mukakalisa, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ku wa 28/03/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00829/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Ngiruwonsanga Emmanuel, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ku wa 28/03/2025; Urubanza RPAA038/15/CS rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Sezikeye; rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 15/09/2017; Urubanza RPAA 00522/2024/CA, rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nzirorera; rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/02/2025;

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Urubanza RPAA 00829/2024/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Ngiruwonsanga, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ku wa 28/03/2025; Urubanza RPAA 0021/14/CS - RPAA 0022/14/CS rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Uzabakiriho rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 13/10/2017; Urubanza RPAA 00798/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Mbarushimana Eric, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ku wa 28/03/2025; Urubanza RPAA 00774/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Nshimiyimana; rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/03/2025; Urubanza RPA 0129/10/CS rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Mpitabakana rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 07/03/2014 Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 24/09/2020 mu gihe cya saa sita z’ijoro Ndabazi Evariste ari iwe mu rugo mu Mudugudu wa Nyarubuye, Akagari ka Gacaca, Umurenge wa Rubengera mu Karere ka Karongi, yakubise umugore we Mukandayisenga Charlotte agafuni mu mutwe, ajyanwa kwa muganga ariko nyuma y’umunsi umwe arapfa. Ndabazi Evariste yarafashwe ashyikirizwa inzego z’ikurikiranacyaha, iperereza rirangiye Ubushinjacyaha bumurega mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, busaba ko kimuhama agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [2] Ndabazi Evariste yaburanye avuga ko nta mugambi yari afite wo kwica umugore we, asobanura ko bagiye kunywa mu kabari ari mu gitondo bigeze saa saba z’amanywa asaba umugore we ko bataha undi aranga, Ndabazi Evariste ahitamo gutaha wenyine asanga abana; bigeze saa sita z'ijoro umugore nawe arataha, Ndabazi Evariste aramukingurira hanyuma afata aside (kiyoda) yari mu nzu agira ngo ayinywe yiyahure kubera ukuntu umugore we atinda gutaha no kuba ajya amuca inyuma, barayirwanira Ndabazi Evariste agwa mu rugi ahagurukana agafuni agakubita umugore we mu mutwe, bityo akaba asaba Urukiko kumugabanyiriza igihano. [3] Mu rubanza RP 00454/2019/TGI/KNG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi ku wa 23/10/2020 rwemeje ko Ndabazi Evariste ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi cyakorewe umugore we rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu, rushingiye ku bimenyetso bikurikira: - Kuba yemera icyaha; - Imvugo z’abatangabuhamya barimo Mbonabucya Faustin wavuze ko muri iryo joro Ndabazi Evariste yaje iwe aramukomangira, asohotse asanga afite icupa ryashizemo aside (kiyoda), amubwira ko yishe umugore we; Mbonabucya Faustin ajya kureba ibibaye asanga Mukandayisenga Charlotte aryamye mu ifumbire, abajije abana icyo se yamukubise bamubwira ko ari agafuni yamukubise mu mutwe; Mbonabucya Faustin kandi yavuze ko aba bombi bari basanzwe babanye nabi; - Imvugo y’umukobwa wa Ndabazi Evariste witwa Murerwa wasobanuye ko yumvise se na nyina barwana, agiye kureba asanga nyina aryamye hafi y’ikiraro, hanyuma se yinjira mu nzu asohokana isuka ayimukubita nyina hanyuma ahita fata kiyoda arayimunywesha;

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- Raporo y'ubuyobozi bw’ibanze ivugwamo ko Ndabazi Evariste yakubise umugore we agafuni mu mutwe. [4] Ndabazi Evariste yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi asaba ko inyito y’icyaha ashinjwa ihinduka agahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, kandi akagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha z’uko yakoze icyaha atakigambiriye ndetse akaba yaracyemeye kuva agifatwa, nyamara mu rubanza rujuririrwa zikaba zitarahawe agaciro. [5] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yaburanye avuga ko ibikorwa Ndabazi Evariste yakoze bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi bityo inyito y’icyaha yahamijwe ikaba idakwiriye guhinduka, kandi igihano yahanishijwe kikaba kidakwiriye kugabanywa kuko gihuye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze n’ingaruka cyateye. [6] Mu rubanza RPA 00363/2020/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 28/07/2023, rwasanze kuba Ndabazi Evariste yarakubise umugore we agafuni (igikoresho gishobora kwica) mu mutwe (mu cyico) agapfa nyuma y’umunsi umwe, bigaragaza ko yari afite umugambi wo kumwica n’ubwo atahise apfa ako kanya1, bityo akaba ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi buturutse ku bushake. Urukiko kandi rwasanze n’ubwo Ndabazi Evariste yaburanye yemera icyaha, adakwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku buremere bw’icyaha yakoze cyo kwambura ubuzima umugore we n’abana be akabagira imfubyi, n’ubugome yagikoranye [7] Ndabazi Evariste yongeye kujurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RPAA 00832/2024/CA ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 08/05/2025, yunganiwe na Me Nyiramatama Bernadette naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Sibomana Stanislas, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’igihugu. [8] Mu bujurire bwe Ndabazi Evariste akomeza asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko yakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure kandi inyito yacyo igahindurwa, agahamwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu; asaba kandi kugabanyirizwa igihano. [9] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Ndabazi Evariste nta shingiro bufite kuko ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kandi akaba atagaragaza igikorwa cy’ubusembure yakorewe na nyakwigendera bigatuma amwica; avuga kandi ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Ndabazi Evariste yahanishijwe gikwiriye kugumaho kuko atari ihame ko igihe cyose hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha uregwa agomba kugabanyirizwa igihano. [10] Hashingiwe ku mpaka zagaragajwe haruguru, Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo bikurikira bigize urubanza: ➢ Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Ndabazi Evariste ashinjwa ikwiriye guhinduka agahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu aho kuba icyaha cy’ubwicanyi; ➢ Kumenya niba Ndabazi Evariste yarakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure; ➢ Kumenya niba Ndabazi Evariste akwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA

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1.Kumenya niba inyito y’icyaha Ndabazi Evariste ashinjwa ikwiriye guhinduka agahanirwa n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu aho kuba icyaha cy’ubwicanyi [11] Ndabazi Evariste n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije gusaba ko inyito y’icyaha ashinjwa ihinduka kikaba icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu, kuko nta mugambi yari afite wo kwica umugore, kandi Ubushinjacyaha bukaba butaragaragaje ko hari andi makimbirane bari basanganywe ku buryo yari kubika inzika yo kumwica. Bakomeza basobanura ko yasembuwe no kuba umugore we yaratashye yasinze akubita urugi hanyuma yinjira mu nzu atuka umugabo we aranamusunika yitura hasi, uyu nawe afata agasuka akamukubita mu mutwe abona aguye hasi. [12] Ndabazi Evariste n’umwunganira bavuga kandi ko ibyo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwasobanuye mu gika cya 13 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa ko yakoze icyaha abigambiriye ngo kuko yasutse aside (kiyoda) ku mugore we agamije kujijisha kugira ngo bagire ngo ni ikindi cyamwishe atari ukuri, ko ahubwo yabitewe n’ubwoba kuko yari abonye a amukubise akitura hasi agakeka ko amwishe, bigatuma yumva ko akosheje bityo nawe adakwiriye kubaho. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite, kuko kuba Ndabazi Evariste yemera ko yarwanye n’umugore we bari hanze hanyuma akajya mu nzu akazana ifuni akayimukubita mu mutwe, na Raporo ya muganga ikaba igaragaza ko nyakwigendera yari afite ibisebe 2 mu mutwe, ari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko yamwishe abishaka. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ibi binashimangirwa n’imvugo y’umutangabuhamya wemeza ko Ndabazi Evariste n’umugore we bari basanzwe bafitanye amakimbirane akomoka ku kuba umugore we yari yaranze kureka inzoga, ko hari n’ubwo bagiye kubakiranura Ndabazi Evariste akavuga ko umugore we natareka inzoga azabyikemurira nk’umugabo. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha asoza asaba Urukiko gushingira ku bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru no ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPA 0142/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 19/09/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuma Miruho Alexandre, rwanashingiweho mu rubanza rujuririrwa, rukemeza ko ibikorwa Ndabazi Evariste yakoze bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi buturutse ku bushake, harebwe intwaro yakoresheje (ifuni) n’aho yayikubise nyakwigendera (mu cyico). UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [15] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba ibikorwa Ndabazi Evariste ashinjwa bigize icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu aho kuba icyaha cy’ubwicanyi. [16] Ingingo ya 107 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo kuwa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, iteganya ko: ‟Umuntu wica undi abishaka, aba akoze icyaha. Iyo abihamijwe n’Urukiko, ahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu”. [17] Ikibazo cyo kumenya igishingirwaho mu gutandukanya icyaha cy’ubwicanyi n’icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa undi ku bushake byateye urupfu, byatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPA 0110/10/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa

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31/01/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamurengeye, aho urwo Rukiko rwasobanuye ko “Mu kumenya niba uwakubise undi ku bushake yari afite umugambi wo kumwica cyangwa niba yari agamije gusa kumukubita cyangwa kumukomeretsa bisuzumirwa mu cyakoreshejwe (intwaro ishobora kwica) mu kumukubita no ku gice cy’umubiri cyakubiswe (mu cyico).” Uyu murongo wakomeje gukurikizwa mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka gucibwa harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00663/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mukakalisa Liberata (igika cya 26) n’urubanza RPAA 00829/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ngiruwonsanga Emmanuel (igika cya 17). [18] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi n’ubundi Ndabazi Evariste yari yajuriye asaba guhindurirwa inyito y’icyaha agahanirwa icyaha cyo gukubita cyangwa gukomeretsa byateye urupfu kuko atari yabigambiriye kumwica ahubwo byabayeho ku bw’impanuka. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwemeza ko yishe umugore we ku bushake kuko yamukubise mu cyico (mu mutwe) akoresheje igikoresho cyica (ifuni). [19] Mu bujurire bwe muri uru Rukiko Ndabazi Evariste ntagaragaza inenge iri mu mpamvu n’ibisobanuro byashingiweho n’urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, rwemeza ko ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha cy’ubwicanyi buturutse ku bushake. Uru Rukiko narwo rurasanga nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwabibonye, kuba Ndabazi Evariste yemera ko yakubise umugore we Mukandayisenga Charlotte ifuni mu mutwe nyuma y’umunsi umwe agapfa, kandi Raporo ya muganga wasuzumye nyakwigendera ikaba igaragaza ko yasanganywe ibisebe bibiri mu mutwe, ari ibimenyetso bihagije kandi bigaragaza ubushake bwo kwica hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza rwagaragajwe haruguru (igika cya 17), bityo rero Ndabazi Evariste akaba ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi buturutse ku bushake.

2.Kumenya niba Ndabazi Evariste yarakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure [20] Mu bujurire bwe kandi Ndabazi Evariste n’umwunganira bavuga ko yakoze icyaha asembuwe n’imyitwarire ya nyakwigendera watashye yasinze Ndabazi Evariste yamubaza aho yari ari undi akamucira mu maso ndetse akamusunika akitura hasi, ari bwo yafataga ifuni yari hafi y’ifumbire akayimukubita mu mutwe; basaba Urukiko gushingira ku ngingo ya 56 y’Itegeko No 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, rukemeza ko yakoze icyaha ashinjwa biturutse ku busembure. [21] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyi mpamvu y’ubujurire nta shingiro ifite kuko nta kimenyetso Ndabazi Evariste atanga kigaragaza ko imyitwarire yita ubusembure yabayeho koko, ko ahubwo nyir’akabari banyweragamo witwa Mukagasana Berthilde yasobanuye ko Ndabazi Evariste yatahanye n’umugore we, ibi bikanashimangirwa n’umwana wabo witwa Murerwa wasobanuye ko baryamye ababyeyi babo batarataha kandi ko batashye saa sita z’ijoro. [22] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko n’ubwo iyo myiwarire yaba yarabayeho, itafatwa n’impamvu y’ubusembure kuko kuba umugore we yaba yasinze, kuba yamutuka, kuba yamucira mu maso cyangwa kuba yamusunika bitaba impamvu yo kumwica. Asoza asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko impamvu y’ubujurire ishingiye ku busembure nya shingiro ifite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[23] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba Ndabazi Evariste yarakoze icyaha asembuwe n’imyitwarire y’umugore we. [24] Ingingo ya 56 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu iteganya ko: “Igihe habaye ubusembure, umucamanza agaragaza mu cyemezo cy’urukiko ingingo zerekana ko imyitwarire y’uwakorewe icyaha ari yo yatumye icyo cyaha gikorwa”. [25] Ikibazo cyo kumenya igihe imyitwarire y’uwakorewe icyaha ifatwa nk’ubusembure no kumenya ufite inshingano zo kubugaragaza cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPAA038/15/CS rwaciwe ku wa 15/09/2017 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sezikeye Emmanuel (igika cya 21) uvuga ko “Ubusembure bwumvikana nk’impamvu ngabanyagihano igizwe no kuba uwakoze icyaha yarabitewe n’uko yari yabanje gukorerwa igikorwa kimubabaza gikomeye kandi kimurenganya. Habaho ubusembure igihe hari ibikorwa ukurikiranyweho icyaha yakorewe n’uwakorewe icyaha (victime), bituma ako kanya amukorera icyaha aregwa. Ni ishingano y’uregwa uburanisha ubusembure kubuzamura no ku butangira ibimenyetso, umucamanza akaba afite ishingano yo kubusuzuma mu gihe abisabwa n’uregwa mu buryo bweruye kandi bwumvikana.” Uyu murongo kandi wagiye ukurikizwa no mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko mu za vuba harimo urubanza RPAA 00522/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 25/02/2025 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Nzirorera Damien (igika cya 28) n’urubanza RPAA 00829/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ngiruwonsanga Emmanuel (igika cya 26). [26] Ku ruhande rumwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nta kimenyetso Ndabazi Evariste atanga kigaragaza ko ibyo avuga ko ku munsi yisheho umugore we uyu yatashye atinze kandi yasinze, yamubaza aho yari ari akamucira mu maso, akamutuka akanamusunika byabayeho koko, kuko nk’uko uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha abivuga nyir’akabari banyweragamo yemeje ko aba bombi batahiye rimwe, n’umwana wabo akemeza ko baryamye ababyeyi babo batarataha kandi ko yumvise barwana ariko ntaho yemeza ko nyina yatutse se, akamucira mu maso akanamusunika, ibi bikaba bivuguruza imiburanire ya Ndabazi Evariste kuri iyi ngingo. [27] Ku rundi ruhande kandi, n’iyo nyakwigendera yaba yaragize imyitwarire yavuzwe haruguru, ntiyafatwa nk’ibikorwa bibabaza, bikomeye kandi birenganya Ndabazi Evariste yakorewe mu buryo busobanurwa n’umurongo watanzwe mu rubanza rwagaragajwe haruguru (mu gika cya 17), ku buryo byasobanura ko icyo Ndabazi Evariste yagombaga guhita akora ako kanya ari ugufata ifuni akayikubita umugore we mu mutwe inshuro zirenze imwe. [28] Hashingiwe ku bimaze gusobanurwa, impamvu y’ubujurire Ndabazi Evariste aburanisha y’uko yakoze icyaha biturutse ku busembure ikaba nta shingiro ifite.

3.Kumenya niba Ndabazi Evariste akwiriye kugabanyirizwa igihano [29] Ndabazi Evariste n’umwunganira basaba ko agabanyirizwa igihano agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka15 kugira ngo ashobore kujya kwita ku bana yasigiwe na nyakwigendera. [30] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko igihano Ndabazi Evariste yahanishijwe kidakwiriye kugabanywa kuko uretse no kuba Urukiko rudategetswe kugabanya igihano igihe cyose hari

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impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, imiburanire ya Ndabazi Evariste igaragaza ko atababajwe n’icyaha yakoze ngo agisabire imbabazi, ahubwo agerageza kugihunga agaragaza ko yagikoze biturutse ku busembure kandi atari ukuri; bityo agasaba Urukiko kugumishaho igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe hashingiwe ku bugome yagikoranye kandi akaba yari yarabiteguye hashingiwe ku mvugo z’umutangabuhamya witwa Mbonabucya Faustin wemeza ko Ndabazi Evariste yari yarababwiye ko umugore we natareka inzoga azikemurira ikibazo nk’umugabo; uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga kandi ko Ndabazi Evariste atakwitwaza kujya kurera abana mu gihe ari we wabagize imfubyi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [31] Impaka kuri iyi ngingo zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Ndabazi Evariste yahanishijwe gikwiriye kugabanywa. [32] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba igihe cyose hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha Urukiko rutegetswe kugabanya igihano, cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA 0021/14/CS - RPAA 0022/14/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 13/10/2017 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uzabakiriho, muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rwemeje ko “Urukiko ntirutegetswe kugabanya igihano niyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ahubwo rugena igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye imikorere y’icyaha uregwa akurikiranyweho cyangwa uburyo cyakozwemo.” Uyu murongo wakomeje gukurikizwa no mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka gucibwa harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00798/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mbarushimana Eric (igika cya 15) n’urubanza RPAA 00774/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 28/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nshimiyimana Emmanuel (igika cya 15). [33] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga imiburanire ya Ndabazi Evariste y’uko atagabanyirijwe igihano hirengagijwe ko yemeye icyaha nta shingiro bifite, kuko Unk’uko bigaragara mu gika cya 34 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwasobanuye ko n’ubwo Ndabazi Evariste yaburanye yemera icyaha, adakwiye kugabanyirizwa igihano, hakurikijwe uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze yambura ubuzima umugore we abana be akabagira imfubyi, n’ubugome yagikoranye amukubita agafuni mu mutwe inshuro zirenze imwe. Uru Rukiko narwo rukaba ariko rubibona kuko hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza rwagaragajwe haruguru, atari ihame ko igihe cyose hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha uregwa agomba kugabanyirizwa igihano, kandi ku bireba Ndabazi Evariste igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu11 yahanishijwe kikaba gihuye n’uburemere bw’icyaha, ingaruka

1 Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwasobanuye ko ibi rwabyemeje rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPA 0142/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 19/09/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Cyuma Miruho Alexandre (mu gika cya 7), aho rwasobanuye ko byitwa ubwicanyi harebwe intwaro yakoresheje, naho yakubiswe (mu cyico). amukubita agafuni mu mutwe inshuro zirenze imwe; rwemeza ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe kugumaho. Iki gihano kandi gihura n’icyatanzwe mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, aho abaregwa bahamijwe icyaha cy’ubwicanyi cyakoranywe ubugome bukabije, bagahanishwa igifungo cya burundu kuko ari cyo gikwiranye n’uburemere bw’icyaha bakoze n’ubugome bagikoranye, mu ziheruka gucibwa harimo nk‘urubanza RPAA 00312/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 18/03/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Biziyaremye Faustin (igika cya 22), n’urubanza RPAA 00833/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 29/04/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ngerejaho Télésphore (ibika bya 15,17 na 18).

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cyateye n’ubugome yagikoraye, kuko yambuye ubuzima umugore we amukubise ifuni mu mutwe inshuro zireze imwe. [34] Urukiko rw’Ubujrire rurasanga kandi Ndabazi Evariste atasaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yitwaje kujya kurera abana yasize, kuko kuba badafite kirera ari ingaruka mbi zatewe n’icyaha yakoze, kandi iyi ikaba atari impamvu yashingirwaho agabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPA 0129/10/CS rwaciwe ku wa 07/03/2014 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Mpitabakana, aho rwasobanuye ko “ntawakwitwaza ingaruka mbi z’icyaha ngo asabe kugabanyirizwa igihano.” 2

[35] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe, ubujurire bwa Ndabazi Evariste nta shingiro bufite, imikirize y’urubaza rwajuririwe ikaba idahindutse. III.ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [36] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Ndabazi Evariste nta shingiro bufite. [37] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00363/2020/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 28/07/2023 rudahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose. [38] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Ndabazi Evariste yahanishijwe kigumyeho. [39] Rutegetse ko Ndabazi Evariste asonewe amagarama y’urubanza kuko aburana afunze.

2 Uyu murongo wakomeje no gukurikizwa mu manza zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, mu ziheruka gucibwa harimo nk’urubanza RPAA 00582/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 25/02/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nyiraminani Julienne n’abandi (igika cya 25).