UBUSHINJACYAHA v KAMBIBI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v KAMBIBI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-05-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00425/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v KAMBIBI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00425/2024/CA (Ndahayo, P.J) 28 Gicurasi 2025] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso – Ibimenyetso mu manza nshinjabyaha – Mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye, ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, kandi ko Urukiko arirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwakurikiranye Kambibi Mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bumurega ko yishe umugabo we Sgt Nizeyimana amuteye icyuma ahagana mu ijosi ibumoso akamwica ubwo yari aje mu kiruhuko cy’akazi ndetse mu ikorwa ry’icyaha akaba yarafatanyije n’uwitwa Musengimana, ko bamaze kumwica ngo bamuhambira mw’ishuka bajya kumujugunya mu musarane wo k’uwitwa Turimukaga. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Kambibi ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu naho Musengimana Urukiko rwemeza ko ari umwere. Kambibi ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko ntaho ahuriye n’iyicwa rya nyakwigendera, kandi ko nta mutangabuhamya umushinja, akaba asanga arengana kuko iyo aza kugira uruhare mu iyicwa ry’umugabo we, yari gushyira umurambo mu musarane we aho kujya kuwushyira mu musarane wo kwa Turimukaga. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza rusnga icyaha cy’ubwicanyi Kambibi ashinjwa kimuhama ariko rwemeza ko akagabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo agahabwa igihano cy’igihe cyamufasha gutekereza ku cyaha yakoze akazagaruka mu muryango we maze rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20 years). Kambibi ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza yongera kujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rutitaye ku nenge yarusobanuriye rukamuhamya icyaha nta bimenyetso simusiga bigaragaza ko yakoze icyaha cyo kwica umugabo we ahubwo rukita ku magambo y’abantu gusa atagira gihamya, kuko kuva yafatwa atemera icyaha, rukaba ngo rwarafashe icyemezo rushingiye ku kugenekereza. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Kambibi butahabwa ishingiro kuko Urukiko Rukuru mu kumuhamya icyaha rwashingiye ku bimenyetso kandi akaba atabasha kubivuguruza, ko imvungo z’abamushinja zifite ishingiro kuko uwitwa Turimukaga yamushinje ubwo yavugaga ko sgt Nizeyimana yiciwe iwe mu nzu, bakaba baramwishe bakinguriwe na Kambibi, kandi ngo ishuka bamushyizemo ikaba yaratanzwe na Kambibi. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye, ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, kandi ko Urukiko arirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Imanza zifashishijwe:

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Ubushinjacyaha vs Ndayishimiye, RPAA 00692/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023. Ubushinjacyaha vs Tuyambaze, RPAA 00323/2023/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/12/2024.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ubushinjacyaha bwakurikiranye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze Kambibi Francine buvuga ko mu ijoro ryo ku wa 20/7/2020 yishe umugabo we Sgt Nizeyimana Juvenal amuteye icyuma ahagana mu ijosi ibumoso akamwica ubwo yari aje mu kiruhuko cy’akazi ndetse mu ikorwa ry’icyaha akaba yarafatanyije n’uwitwa Musengimana Hassan, bamaze kumwica ngo bamuhambira mw’ishuka bajya kumujugunya mu musarane wo k’uwitwa Turimukaga. [2] Abaregwa Kambibi Francine na Musengamana Hassan baburanye bahakana icyaha baregwa. [3] Mu rubanza No RP 00709/2020/TGI/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 10/11/2021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwemeje ko Kambibi Francine ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu naho Musengimana Hassan Urukiko rwemeje ko ari umwere. [4] Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwashingiye icyemezo cyarwo ku kuba Kambibi Francine ashinjwa na Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase nyiri umusarane bagiye kujugunyamo umurambo wa nyakwigendera, agashinjwa na Kalisa Steven kandi na Kambibi ubwe akaba yarasobanuye ko Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase na Musabyimana Eric aribo bishe umugabo we ko kandi nta muntu yigeze abibwira. [5] Kambibi Francine ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko ntaho ahuriye n’iyicwa rya nyakwigendera, kandi ko nta mutangabuhamya umushinja no kuba Turimukaga Hitimana Anastse atarabajijwe ngo amushinje, akaba asanga arengana kuko iyo aza kugira uruhare mu iyicwa ry’umugabo we, yari gushyira umurambo mu musarane we aho kujya kuwushyira mu musarane wo kwa Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase. [6] Uburanira Ubushinjacyaha we yavugaga ko uruhare rwa Kambibi Francine mu rupfu rwa SGT Nizeyimana Juvenal rwagaragajwe na Turimukaga Hitimana Anastse, ikindi kikaba ari ukuba Kambibi mu bugenzacyaha no mu bushinjacyaha yaravuze ko abo yabonye bishe umugabo we ari Musabyimana Eric na Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase ko undi wa Gatatu atamubonye, akavuga ko bafashe Sgt Nzeyimana bakamukubita bakamusohora mu nzu ndetse no ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase wavuze ko Musabyimana Eric ari kumwe na Kalisa Steven aribo bishe Nizeyimana Juvenal babifashijwemo na Kambibi Francine, bakazana umurambo iwe nawe akaba yarabafashije kuwushyira mu musarane. [7] Mu rubanza RPA 00060 /2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 21/05/2024, Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rwemeje ko icyaha cy’ubwicanyi Kambibi Francine ashinjwa kimuhama

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ariko rwemeza ko akagabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo agahabwa igihano cy’igihe cyamufasha gutekereza ku cyaha yakoze akazagaruka mu muryango we maze rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20 years). [8] Mu gufata icyo cyemezo Urukiko rwashingiye ku kuba Kambibi Francine ashinjwa na Kalisa Steven wasobanuye mu bugenzacyaha ko bamaze kwica SGT Nizeyimana Juvenal babanje kumushyira muri WC ya Kambibi Francine ariko kubera ko umwobo wi’yo toilette wari muto, ntiyakwirwamo bigira inama yo kumujyana muri toilette ya Turimukaga Hitimana Steven. Rwashingiye kandi ku mvugo za Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase wasobanuye mu bugenzacyaha ko abazanye umurambo mu musarani we ari Musabyimana Eric na Kalisa Steven ko kandi abishe nyakwigendera bamwiciye iwe kandi ko bakinguriwe n’umugore we ariwe Kambibi Francine. [9] Kambibi Francine ntiyishimiye imikirize y’uru rubanza yongera kujuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa Nº RPAA 00425/2024/CA, Kambibi Francine yunganiwe na Me Munyansanga Gisele, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Ndagijimana Charles Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [10] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire ya Kambibi Francine na Me Munyansanga Gisele umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rutitaye ku nenge yarusobanuriye rukamuhamya icyaha nta bimenyetso simusiga bigaragaza ko yakoze icyaha cyo kwica umugabo we ahubwo rukita ku magambo y’abantu gusa atagira gihamya, kuko kuva yafatwa atemera icyaha, rukaba ngo rwarafashe icyemezo rushingiye ku kugenekereza. Asobanura ko umugabo we yashyamiranye na Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase nyuma bariyunga ndetse ko ngo aheruka abona uyu Turimukaga ajyanye n’umugabo we ubwo yari asubiye mu kazi, akaba atazi uburyo uyu Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase yaje kumwica. [11] Bakomeza basobanura ko imvungo z’abamushinja za Kalisa Steven zitahabwa ishingiro kuko bafitanye amakimbirane ashingiye ku masambu, ndetse ko ibyo yavuze atabyiboneye n’amaso ye kuko yabibwiwe na Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase kandi ko ngo imvugo za Turikmukaga Hitimana Anastse nazo zitafatwa ho ukuri kuko umurambo wasanzwe mu musarane we,akaba ariwe wishe nyakwigendera ahubwo ngo akaba yarikuyeho icyaha avuga ko yafatanyije na Kambibi. [12] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha asobanura ko ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu Rukiko Rukuru bigomba guhabwa ishingiro kuko ibivugwa na Kambibi Francine ko umurambo w’umugabo we batawusanze mu musarane we, ko aricyo kigaragaza ko atamwishe kuko iyo amwica bari kuwusanga mu musarane we, ko ibyo avuga bitahabwa ishingiro kuko Kalisa Steven mu buhamya bwe yasobanuye ko Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase yamumbwiye ko impamvu batamushyize mu musarane wa kambibi byatewe n’uko babanje kumushyiramo basanga ari muto bigira inama yo kumujyana mu musarane wa Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase. [13] Ubushinjacyaha busobanura ko kandi Urukiko Rukuru rwanashingiye ku kuba Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase yaramushinje ko sgt Nizeyimana Juvenal yiciwe iwe mu nzu, bakaba baramwishe bakinguriwe na Kambibi Francine ndetse ko n’ishuka bamushyizemo yatanzwe na Kambibi Francine.

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[14] Akomeza asobanura ko Kambibi Francine ariwe wafashe umugabo we mu gituza ,Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase amufata amaguru, hanyuma uwo bita umunyagikongoro(Hitimana Eric) aramwica, kandi ngo na Kambibi Francine ubwe akaba yariyemereye mu bugenzacyaha ko mu ijoro ryo ku wa 20/07/2020 umugabo we yagiye kwihagarika abantu bamwinjiraho bahita bamunigagura baramwica,ko bari batatu amenyamo uwitwa Musabyimana Eric winjiye mu nzu afite umuhoro naho Hitimana Gikongoro yinjira mu nzu afite agafuni , maze bahita babwira Kambibi ngo aceceke; ko kuba Kambibi Francine yaremeye ko ibyo byabaye umugabo we bakamwica nyuma ntagira ubwo abibwira ngo bigaragaza ko ari mu bishe umugabo we. [15] Urukiko ruhereye kuri izi mpaka rusanga ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa ari ikijyanye no kumenya niba Kambibi Francine yarahamijwe icyaha cy’ubwicanyi nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bikimushinja, bishingiweho. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba Kambibi Francine yarahamijwe icyaha cy’ubwicanyi nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bikimushinja [16] Kambibi Francine n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rutitaye ku nenge yarusobanuriye rukamuhamya icyaha nta bimenyetso simusiga bigaragaza ko yagikoze rushingiyeho, ahubwo ngo rukita ku magambo y’abantu gusa atagira gihamya, kuko umurambo utigeze usangwa mu musarane we kuko iyo aza kuba ari we wamwishe yari kumushyira mu musarane we, ko umugabo we yasubiye mu kazi agenda ajyanye na Ndimukaga Hitimana Anastase baganira, ko kuva yagenda atigeze agaruka ahubwo yaje kumenya ko yishwe nyuma. [17] Bavuga ko imvungo z’abatangabuhamya zimushinjya zitagombaga guhabwa ishingiro kuko ibyavuzwe na Kalisa Steven atigeze abyibonera kuko avuga ko yabibwiwe na Ndimukaga Hitimana Anastase. [18] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha we avuga ko ubujurire bwa Kambibi Francine butahabwa ishingiro kuko Urukiko Rukuru mu kumuhamya icyaha rwashingiye ku bimenyetso kandi akaba atabasha kubivuguruza, ko imvungo z’abamushinja zifite ishingiro kuko Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase yamushinje ubwo yavugaga ko sgt Nizeyimana Juvenal yiciwe iwe mu nzu, bakaba baramwishe bakinguriwe na Kambibi Francine, kandi ngo ishuka bamushyizemo ikaba yaratanzwe na Kambibi Francine , ndetse anasobanura ko Kambibi Francine ariwe wafashe umugabo we mu gituza,Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase akamufata amaguru, hanyuma uwo bita umunyagikongoro(Hitimana Eric) akamwica. [19] Bukomeza busobanura ko ibyo Kambibi avuga ko umurambo utasanzwe mu musarane we, bitahabwa ishingiro kuko impamvu batawusanzemo byatewe n’ uko umwobo wabaye muto, hanyuma bakigira inama yo kumujyana mu musarane wo kwa Ndimukaga Hitimana Anastase; akaba yarabishinjwe na Ndimukaga Hitimana Anastase, ndetse na Kambibi ubwe akaba yariyemereye mu bugenzacyaha ko umugabo we yishwe n’abantu bamwinjiranye ubwo yari avuye hanze kwihagarika, bakamwinjiraho bakamwica, ko kandi hari abo yamenyemo aribo Musabyimana Eric winjiye mu nzu afite umuhoro na Hitimana Gikongoro winjiye mu nzu afite

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agafuni, kuba rero ngo nawe ubwe yiyemerera ko umugabo we yishwe akabiceceka bigaragaza ko yakoze icyaha ashinjwa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [20] Urukiko rusanga ubujurire bwa Kambibi Francine muri uru Rukiko bugamije kunenga ko mu rubanza yajuririye yahamijwe icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kandi nta bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho bishingiweho kuko umurambo utigeze usangwa mu musarane we ndetse n’abatangabuhamya bamushinja hakaba nta wigeze amubona ashyira uwo murambo mu musarane. [21] Mu gusesengura iki kibazo hakwifashishwa ibyemejwe ku byerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza nshinjabyaha, byatanzweh umurongo mu rubanza n° RPAA 00692/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2023, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndayishimiye Jean Damascène, aho rwasobanuye ko mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose bishobora gushingirwaho mu gihe bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye, ababuranyi bakaba barahawe uburyo bwo kuhaba ngo banyomozanye, kandi ko Urukiko arirwo rwemeza ko ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kwemerwa. Iri hame ryashingiweho mu zindi manza zaciwe n’uru Rukiko, mu ziheruka harimo nk’urubanza nº RPAA 00323/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 20/12/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Tuyambaze Donat. [22] Nk’uko urubanza rujuririrwa rubigaragaza, Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Musanze rwasanze ibivugwa na Kambibi ko kuba umuramo w’umugabo we warasanzwe mu musarane wo mu rundi rugo bigaragaza ko ntaho ahuriye n’iyicwa ry’umugabo kuko iyo aza kuba yaramwice yari kumushyira mu musarane we, ko ibyo avuga bitahabwa ishingiro kuko ubuhamya bwa Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase yavugiye mu bugenzacyaha yasobanuye ko bamaze kwica Sgt Nzeyimana Juvenal babanje kumushyira mu musarane wa Kambibi Francine ariko kubera ko umwobo wayo wari muto, ntiyakwirwamo bigira inama yo kumujyana mu musarane wa Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase kuko bari bazi ko ari munini akwirwamo, izo mvungo ze zikaba zinahura n’ibyavuzwe n’umutangabuhamya Kalisa Steven. [23] Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwanemeje ko ibivugwa na Kambibi Francine ko nta mutangabuhanmya umushinja ko bafatanyije kujyana umurambo wa nyakwigendera mu musarane wo kwa Ndimukaga Hitimana Anastase, ko ibyo avuga bitahabwa ishingiro kuko Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase mu bugenzacyaha yasobanuye ko abazanye umurambo mu musarani we ari Musabyimana Eric na Kalisa Steven, anasobanura ko abishe nyakwigendera bamwiciye iwe ko kandi bakinguriwe n’umugore wa nyakwigendera Kambibi Francine, Urukiko rwasanze ibyavuzwe na Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase bigaragaza ukuri kw’ibyabaye kandi bigaragaza uruhare rutaziguye rwa Kambibi Francine wakinguriye abicyanyi bakaniga umugabo we. [24] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo Kambibi Francine n’umwunganira bavuga ko abatangabuhamya bamushinja imvugo zabo zitagomba guhabwa ishingiro kuko batigeze bavuga ko bafatanyiye gushyira umurambo mu musarane ndetse ko n’umusarane umurambo wasanzwemo atari uwe kuko iyo aza kuba yarishe umugabo we n’umurambo yari kuwushyira mu musarane we, bitafatwa nk’ibyambura agaciro imvugo z’abo batangabuhamya kuko basobanuye impamvu umurambo utasanzwe mu musarane wa Kambibi bavuga ari uko wari ufite umwobo muto, kuko

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babanje kuwushyiramo ariko ntiwajyamo bigira inama yo kuwujyana mu musarane wo kwa Ndimukaga Hitimana Anastase. [25] Ikindi ni uko muri dosiye harimo imvugo za Kambibi Francine yavugiye mu bugenzacyaha ku wa 03/08/2020 aho yasobanuye ko abantu batatu(3) aribo Turimukaga Anastase,Musabyimaa Eric n’undi atabashije kumenya baje ninjoro nka saa tanu z’ijoro barakomanga noneho umugabo we aramumbwira ngo naryame wasanga ari inka ikubise ku kiraro, ko haciyeho umwanya ngo yaje gusohoka akajya ahanze kwihagarika akongera akinjira akaryama, haciyeho umwanya ngo umugabo we na we arasoka ajya hanze ariko ngo mu kugaruka hakaba hari abagabo baje bamukurikiye hanyuma uwitwa Musabyimana Eric aramumbwira ngo niyongera kuvuga baramwereka, bahita bamurundaho matera n’amashuka ahita aceceka ntiyongera kuvuga kugeza mu gitondo aribwo yasanze umugabo we bamutwaye. [26] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruranasanga ibyo anenga ko Urukiko Rukuru urugereko rwa Musanze ko rwashingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya batavugisha ukuri ndetse bavuze ibyo batiboneye n’amaso yabo, nta shingiro bifite kuko na Kambibi ubwe mu bugenzacyaha yiyemereye ko abantu baje mu rugo rwe gutwara umugabo we yababonye akavugamo Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase, uyu kandi akaba ari nawe wamushinje ko bafatanyije gukora icyaha. Kuri uru rwego, uretse kongera kugarura icyo kibazo agamije kugaragaza ko imvugo z’abatangabuhamya atazemera, ntagaragaza icyo anenga isesengura ryakozwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze. [27] Nk’uko rero bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru kuba Kambibi Francine yemera ko umugabo yishwe kandi ko ubwo yicwaga yari ahari, akaba anemera ko yamenye amazina ya bamwe mu bantu baje kwica umugabo we, ariko nawe akaba yemera ko nyuma y’urwo rupfu atigeze atabaza abashinzwe umutekano na nyuma y’uko icyo gikorwa cyari cyarangiye, ndetse no kuba umwe mu bagize uruhare mu kwica uwo mugabo we witwa Turimukaga Hitimana Anastase yemeza ko Kambibi bafatanyije kumwica kuko ari nawe wabakinguriye. Ni ibimenyetso bihagije bigaragaza ko icyaha aregwa yagikoze. [28] Kubera izo mpamvu zose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyo Kambibi Francine n’ umwunganira banenga urubanza rwajuririwe byose nta shingiro bifite, bityo urubanza No RPA 00060/2022 /HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze kuwa 21/05/2024 rugomba kugumaho. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [29] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Kambibi Francine nta shingiro bufite; [30] Rwemeje ko urubanza no RPA 00060/2022 /HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze kuwa 21/05/2024 rudahindutse bityo ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20) Kambibi Francine yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze kigumyeho; [31] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta kuko KAMBIBI Francine aburana afunze.