UBUSHINJACYAHA v DUKUZEYEZU

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v DUKUZEYEZU

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-08-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00038/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

## Text

## Page 1

UBUSHINJACYAHA v DUKUZEYEZU [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00038/2024/CA (Mukandamage, P.J) 20 Kanama 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore – Impamvu nyoroshyacyaha – Mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uregwa wahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu ariko igihano ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwakurikiranye uregwa mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana buvuga ko yasambanyije umwana w’umukobwa witwa N. R. w’imyaka 17 y’amavuko bahita babana nk’umugabo n’umugore. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rusanga hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 25. Uregwa yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko urukiko rubanza rwamuhaye igihano kiremereye kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, asaba ko igihano yahawe cyagabanywa ndetse kigasubikwa. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza rusanga nubwo uregwa yagabanyirijwe igihano kuko yemeye icyaha, hari izindi mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zatuma cyongera kugabanywa harimo kuba ari ubwa mbere yari akurikiranwe mu butabera no kuba aribwo yari akiva mu bwana kuko yari afite imyaka 19 y’amavuko, rwemeza ko ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Uregwa yarongeye arajurira noneho mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rutamugabanyirije igihano ku buryo buhagije, agasaba ko cyagabanywa kikagera munsi y’igito itegeko riteganya, maze icyo ahawe kigasubikwa. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buburana buvuga ko ku birebana no guhabwa igihano kiri munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko nta shingiro bifite, kuko igihano uregwa yahawe cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 ari nacyo gito yashoboraga guhabwa ukurikije icyaha yahamijwe, kuko itegeko rigiteganyiriza igifungo cya burundu. Incamake y’icyemezo: Mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uregwa wahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu ariko igihano ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yakoreshejwe: Ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigena ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Imanza zifashishijwe:

## Page 2

Ubushinjacyaha vs Ndayambaje, RPAA 00752/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2024. Ubushinjacyaha vs Habiyakare, RPAA 00453/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/03/2025. Ubushinjacyaha vs Bikorimana, RPAA 00054/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024.

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Nsengimana Claver yareze Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul mu Bugenzacyaha avuga ko ku wa 30/09/2020 yasambanyije umwana we w’umukobwa witwa N. R.1 w’imyaka 17 y’amavuko bahita babana nk’umugabo n’umugore. Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yarafashwe atangira gukurikiranwa n’Ubugenzacyaha. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare, bamukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, ikirego gihabwa nº RP 01344/2020/TGI/NYG. Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yaburanye yemera ko yabanye n’umwana nk’umugabo n’umugore, asobanura ko umwana bari basanzwe bakundana, aza kumubwira ko iwabo bashaka kumushyingira undi musore adakunda, ko kandi afite imyaka 19, bumvikana kubana. [3] Mu rubanza nº RP 01344/2020/TGI/NYG rwaciwe ku wa 12/11/2020, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rwasanze hari ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yakoze icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore, harimo imvugo ze yemera ko bamaranye ibyumweru 2, imvugo z’umwana wasambanyijwe, raporo ya Muganga igaragaza ko umwana yasambanyijwe, ubuhamya bwatanzwe na Nkuriyingoma Jean Baptiste na raporo y’Inzego z’ibanze, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 25. [4] Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Rwamagana avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyagatare rwamuhaye igihano kiremereye kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, asaba ko igihano yahawe cyagabanywa ndetse kigasubikwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko igihano Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe gihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze, ko rero atakongera kugabanyirizwa. [5] Mu rubanza n° RPA 00189/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe ku wa 28/12/2023, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rwasanze, nubwo Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yagabanyirijwe igihano kuko yemeye icyaha, hari izindi mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zatuma cyongera kugabanywa harimo kuba ari ubwa mbere yari akurikiranwe mu butabera no kuba aribwo yari akiva mu bwana kuko yari afite imyaka 19 y’amavuko, rwemeza ko ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15.

1 Amazina arahinwe kubera kamere y’icyaha n’imyaka y’uwahohotewe.

## Page 3

[6] Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa n° RPAA 00038/2024/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame ku wa 06/08/2025, Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yunganiwe na Me Bayisabe Irené, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Habineza Jean Damascène, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [7] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire, Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rutamugabanyirije igihano ku buryo buhagije, agasaba ko cyagabanywa kikagera munsi y’igito itegeko riteganya, maze icyo ahawe kigasubikwa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul ntacyo anenga urubanza yajuririye, bityo ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite. [8] Urukiko rurasuzuma ibibazo bikurikira: 1) Kumenya niba igihano Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe cyakongera kugabanywa; 2) Kumenya niba Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yasubikirwa igihano. II. ISESENGURWA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1) Kumenya niba igihano Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe cyakongera kugabanywa [9] Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul na Me Bayisabe Irené umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, harimo: a) kuba agifatwa yaremeye icyaha, asaba imbabazi ndetse asobanura uko yagikoze; b) kuba yari asanzwe afite imyitwarire myiza, akaba ari ubwa mbere afunzwe; c) kuba umukobwa yari yaramubwiye ko afite imyaka y’ubukure, nawe akaba yarabonaga bangana, kuko nawe yari afite imyaka 19 y’amavuko. [10] Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul na Me Bayisabe Irené umwunganira basaba ko hashingirwa kuri izo mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha no ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 n’iya 60 z’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, hanyuma akagabanyirizwa igihano, agahabwa icy’imyaka 10. [11] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku birebana no guhabwa igihano kiri munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko nta shingiro bifite, kuko igihano Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe cy’igufungo cy’imyaka 15 ari nacyo gito yashoboraga guhabwa ukurikije icyaha yahamijwe, kuko itegeko rigiteganyiriza igifungo cya burundu. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga na none ko ingingo y’ubujurire yatanzwe na Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yerekeye imyaka y’umukobwa ari nshya, kuko mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana, yavugaga ko yasembuwe n’umukobwa wamusanze iwe mu rugo, agasaba ko itasuzumwa, kuko itagamije kunenga urubanza yajuririye. Avuga ko mu rubanza nº RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 26/05/2022, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana

## Page 4

Jean Paul, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko Umucamanza afite inshingano yo gukosora amakosa yaba yarakozwe n’Urukiko rubanza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka kuri iki kibazo zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana cyakongera kugabanywa. [14] Mu rubanza N° RPAA 00752/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndayambaje Eugène hasuzumwe ikibazo cyo kongera kugabanyiriza igihano uregwa mu gihe hari impurirane y’amategeko ahana, hasesengurwa ingingo ya 6 n’iya 60 z’Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nk’uko ryahinduwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusobanura ko ihame mu mategeko ari uko mu manza nshinjabyaha Urukiko rukurikiza itegeko ryorohereza uregwa, ariko ko ku birebana n’igabanya ry’igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, urukiko rudahita rumuha igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko, ahubwo rugabanya igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha, ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, rugatanga igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha cyakozwe. Uyu murongo wakurikijwe mu manza nyinshi zakurikiyeho zaciwe n’uru rukiko harimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00453/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 21/03/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Habiyakare Jean Paul. [15] Nanone mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00054/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/12/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bikorimana Jean Paul rwasobanuye ko icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, cyakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugabo cyangwa umugore, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, ariko haba habonetse impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’umucamanza, igihano kikaba cyagabanywa ku buryo kitajya munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Uyu murongo wagiye ukurukizwa mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru rukiko, harimo urubanza Nº RPAA 00835/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 17/04/2025, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Ndagijimana Emile. [16] Izo manza zirebewe hamwe, byumvikana ko mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, uregwa wahamijwe icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bakabana nk’umugabo n’umugore ashobora kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu mu bushishozi bw’urukiko, rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha n’ingaruka zacyo, ariko igihano ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [17] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza rwajuriririwe, Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yajuriye asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 25 yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere ku cyaha yahamijwe cyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugore n’umugabo, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rumugabanyiriza igihano, rumuhanisha icy’imyaka 15, kubera ko yaburanye yemera icyaha, ari ubwa mbere yari akurikiranwe mu butabera, kandi yaragikoze aribwo akiva mu bwana kuko yari afite imyaka 19 y’amavuko, ajurira asaba ko icyo gihano cyakongera kugabanywa. [18] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru kitakongera kugabanywa, kubera ko ari cyo gito giteganywa n’amategeko ku cyaha yahamijwe mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ingingo y’ubujurire igamije kugabanyisha igihano yatanzwe na Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul nta shingiro bufite.

## Page 5

2) Kumenya niba Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yasubikirwa igihano [20] Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul n’umwunganira bavuga ko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 64 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, maze agasubikirwa igihano kugira ngo ajye kwita ku mwana wavutse na nyina no kwivuza uburwayi bwa kanseri y’igitsina arwaye, kuko umuganga wamukurukiranye yamubwiye ko yavurwa n’abaganga bavuye mu gihugu cy’Amerika, kandi ko ubwo abo baganga baheruka kuza, Igororero ritamujyanye ngo avurwe. [21] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana rutakiriye ingingo ya Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yerekeye gusubikirwa igihano, kuko yari yaratanzwe ibihe byo kujurira byararenze, rugaragaza ko yari yarajuriye ku wa 06/01/2021, ayitanga mu mwanzuro w’inyongera wo ku wa 27/11/2023. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [22] Ku byerekeye isubikagihano, ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigena ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ibikurikira: ”Iyo uwakatiwe nta kindi gihano cy’igifungo kirenga amezi 6 yahanishijwe mbere, urukiko, rukoresheje icyemezo gisobanura impamvu, rushobora gutegeka gusubika irangiza ry’igihano cyose cyangwa igice cy’igihano cy’iremezo cyangwa cy’ingereka, iyo igihano cy’iremezo cy’igifungo umuntu yakatiwe kitarenze imyaka 5”. [23] Iyi ngingo yumvikanisha ko uwakatiwe ashobora gusubikirwa ibihano iyo yujuje ibisabwa n’amategeko. [24] Nk’uko byavuzwe haruguru, igihano cy’imyaka 15 Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe ntabwo cyongeye kugabanywa, kuko ari cyo gito giteganywa n’amategeko ku cyaha yahamijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku cyaha yakoze cyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugore n’umugabo. [25] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul atasubikirwa igihano, kubera ko, igihano ahawe kirengeje imyaka 5 y’igifungo iteganywa n’amategeko kugira ngo abe yasubikirwa igihano. Ntabwo rero ari ngombwa gusuzuma izindi mpamvu ashingiraho asaba gusubikirwa igihano, kuko zitari mu ziteganywa n’ingingo ya ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru. [26] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ubujurire bwatanzwe na Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul nta shingiro bufite, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rugomba kugumana agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [27] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul nta shingiro bufite; [28] Rwemeje ko urubanza nº RPA 00189/2021/HC/RWG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Rwamagana ku wa 28/12/2023 rugumanye agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose;

## Page 6

[29] Rutegetse ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Dukuzeyezu Jean Paul yahawe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana byakurikiwe no kubana nawe nk’umugore n’umugabo kigimyeho.