UBUSHINJACYAHA v MBONYEBYOMBI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v MBONYEBYOMBI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-08-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 01086/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v MBONYEBYOMBI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 01086/2024/CA (Mukandamage, P.J) 20 Kanama 2025] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Igihe hari amategeko abiri ahana – Ihame mu mategeko ni uko mu manza nshinjabyaha Urukiko rukurikiza itegeko ryorohereza uregwa, ariko ku birebana n’igabanya ry’igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, urukiko ntiruhita rutanga igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko, ahubwo rugabanya igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha, ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, rugatanga igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha cyakozwe. Incamake y’ikibazo: Ubushinjacyaha bwakurikiranye Mbonyebyombi mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bumurega ko yishe umugore we ubwo yatahaga yasinze, umugore we amubajije aho yashyize amafaranga bari barateganyirije kwishyura ubwisungane mu kwivuza, afata umuhoro amutema ku kaboko k’ibumoso ku buryo bukomeye, abantu baje gutabara bajyanye uwo mugore kwa muganga, ariko apfira mu nzira bataragerayo. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. Mbonyebyombi yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze avuga ko yemeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho, kandi abana be babayeho bupfubyi, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yahawe. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza rusanga atemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho, ko rero kuba atumva uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze atagabanyirizwa igihano. Mbonyebyombi nanone yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko atagabanyirijwe igihano kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, agasaba ko cyagabanywa, asobanura ko yatashye yasinze atongana n’umugore we bapfa amafaranga y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza, hanyuma we n’umwana bashaka kumurwanya, afata umuhoro wari ku meza babanza kuwurwanira, uwo muhoro ukeba umugore ku kaboho, naho umwana umukeba ku kiganza, ko kuba yemera icyaha byamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma agabanyirizwa igihano cya burundu yahawe. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko uregwa yemeye icyaha ku buryo bushidikanywaho, kuko mu mvugo ze ahindagura uburyo yagikoze, nyamara amafoto agaragaza ko yatemye umugore we afite umujinya. Bunavuga ko kuba yarabikoze yasinze ntacyo byamumarira, kuko bigaragara ko icyaha yagikoze yagitekereje neza. Busaba ko igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahanishijwe kitagabanywa. Incamake y’icyemezo: Ihame mu mategeko ni uko mu manza nshinjabyaha Urukiko rukurikiza itegeko ryorohereza uregwa, ariko ku birebana n’igabanya ry’igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, urukiko ntiruhita rutanga igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko, ahubwo rugabanya igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha, ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, rugatanga igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha cyakozwe. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro; Urubanza ruhindutse ku bijyanye n’igihano.

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Imanza zifashishijwe: Ubushinjacyaha vs Ndayambaje, RPAA 00752/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2024. Ubushinjacyaha vs Habiyakare, RPAA 00453/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/03/2025. Ubushinjacyaha vs Nteziryayo, RPAA 00452/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 21/03/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mu ijoro ryo ku wa 24/09/2021, Mbonyebyombi Philippe yatashye yasinze, umugore we Mukabandora Béatrice amubajije aho yashyize amafaranga bari barateganyirije kwishyura ubwisungane mu kwivuza, afata umuhoro amutema ku kaboko k’ibumoso ku buryo bukomeye, umwana wabo Ndayizeye Angélique aje gutabara nyina, amutema ku kiganza, ahita atoroka. Abantu baje gutabara bajyanye Mukabandora Béatrice kwa muganga, ariko apfira mu nzira bataragerayo. Mbonyebyombi Philippe yaje gufatwa n’abaturage bucyeye bwaho ashyikirizwa Ubugenzacyaha. [2] Iperereza rirangiye, Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mberabyombi Philippe mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, busaba ko kimuhama agahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. [3] Mbonyebyombi Philippe yaburanye yemera icyaha, avuga ko umugore yamubajije niba yishyuye ubwisungane mu kwivuza baratongana, umugore asohoka afite umuhoro mu gitenge, mu gihe arimo kuwumwaka umutema ku kaboko, n’umwana wari uje kubakiza umutema ku kiganza. Yasabye kugabanyirizwa igihano, kubera ko abana basigaye bonyine. [4] Mu rubanza nº RP 01171/2021/TGI/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 11/01/2022, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwasanze Mbonyebyombi Philippe ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubwicanyi, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu rushingiye ku bimenyetso bikurikira: a) imvugo ze yemera ko yishe umugore we; b) ubuhamya bw’umwana wabo Ndayizeye Angélique wasobanuye uko se yatemye nyina ku kaboko yashaka kubakiza nawe akamutema ku kiganza; c) ubuhamya bwa Munyarugero Cyprien n’ubwa Nyirabavakure Edinace bavuga ko bageze mu rugo rwa Mbonyebyombi Philippe bagasanga umugore we aryamye hasi ari kuvirirana bagashaka uburyo bamugeza kwa muganga ariko agapfa bataramugezayo; d) ubuhamya bwa Manishimwe wavuze ku ifatwa rya Mbonyebyombi Philippe;. e) na raporo ya Muganga yemeza ko Mukabandora Béatrice yapfuye.

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[5] Mbonyebyombi Philippe yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze avuga ko yemeye icyaha mu buryo buryo budashidikanywaho, kandi abana be babayeho bupfubyi, asaba kugabanyirizwa igihano yahawe. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yavuze ko Mbonyebyombi Philippe atemera icyaha ku buryo bwuzuye, asaba ko igihano yahawe cyagumaho. [6] Mu rubanza n° RPA 00392/2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 02/10/2024, Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze rwasanze Mbonyebyombi Philippe atemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywaho, ko rero kuba atumva uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze atagabanyirizwa igihano. [7] Mbonyebyombi Philippe yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa n° RPAA 01086/2024/CA. Iburanisha ryabaye mu ruhame ku wa 04/08/2025, Mbonyebyombi Philippe yunganiwe na Me Musabwa K. Fréderic, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Bunyoye Grace, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [8] Mu myanzuro no mu miburanire, Mbonyebyombi Philippe avuga ko atagabanyirijwe igihano kandi yaraburanye yemera icyaha, agasaba ko cyagabanywa. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Mbonyebyombi Philippe atagabanyirizwa igihano, kuko ukwemera icyaha kwe kutuzuye. [9] Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni icyo kumenya niba igihano Mbonyebyombi Philippe yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze cyagabanywa. II. ISESENGURWA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba igihano Mbonyebyombi Philippe yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze cyagabanywa [10] Mbonyebyombi Philippe na Me Musabwa K. Fréderic umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rwemeje ko atemera icyaha ku buryo bwuzuye, nyamara acyemera. Basobanura ko yatashye yasinze atongana n’umugore we Mukabandora Béatrice bapfa amafaranga y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza, hanyuma we n’umwana bashaka kumurwanya, afata umuhoro wari ku meza babanza kuwurwanira, uwo muhoro ukeba umugore ku kaboho, naho umwana umukeba ku kiganza. Bavuga ko yagerageje guhagarika amaraso umugore yavaga, ariko biranga. [11] Mbonyebyombi Philippe na Me Musabwa K. Fréderic umwunganira bavuga ko ibyo yavuze mu iperereza ko umugore ari we wari ufite umuhoro mu gitenge bakawurwanira byatewe n’uko yashakaga kugabanya uburemere bw’icyaha. Basanga rero, kuba yemera icyaha byamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma agabanyirizwa igihano cya burundu yahawe. Bavuga ko mu kugabanya igihano hanashingirwa ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko nº 059/2018 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, maze agahabwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Mbonyebyombi Philippe yemeye icyaha ku buryo bushidikanywaho, kuko mu mvugo ze ahindagura uburyo yagikoze, nyamara amafoto agaragaza ko yatemye umugore we afite umujinya. Avuga ko kuba yarabikoze yasinze ntacyo byamumarira, kuko bigaragara ko icyaha yagikoze yagitekereje neza, kuko byaturutse ku mafaranga

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y’ubwisungane mu kwivuza umugore we yari amubajije. Asanga igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Mbonyebyombi Philippe yahawe kitagabanywa. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [13] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Mbonyebyombi Philippe yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze cyagabanywa, kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha. [14] Mu rubanza N° RPAA 00752/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Ndayambaje Eugène hasuzumwe ikibazo cyo kongera kugabanyiriza igihano uregwa mu gihe hari impurirane y’amategeko ahana, hasesengurwa ingingo ya 6 n’iya 60 z’Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, nk’uko ryahinduwe, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rusobanura ko ihame mu mategeko ari uko mu manza nshinjabyaha Urukiko rukurikiza itegeko ryorohereza uregwa, ariko ko ku birebana n’igabanya ry’igihano kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, urukiko rudahita rumuha igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko, ahubwo rugabanya igihano mu bushishozi bwarwo rurebye uburemere bw’icyaha, ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo, rugatanga igihano gikwiranye n’icyaha cyakozwe. Uyu murongo wakurikijwe mu manza zitandukanye zakurikiyeho zaciwe n’uru rukiko harimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00453/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 21/03/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Habiyakare Jean Paul. [15] Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Mbonyebyombi Philippe yasabye kugabanyirizwa igihano cya burundu yahawe, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze rusanga atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, ko nta mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zihari zatuma agabanyirizwa igihano, rwemeza ko akomeze guhanishwa igifungo cya burundu yahawe ku rwego rwa mbere. [16] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu gihe cy’iperereza no mu nkiko zabanje Mbonyebyombi Philippe yavuze ko umugore we ari we wari ufite umuhoro mu gitenge, yashaka kuwumushikuza ukamutema ku kaboko no ku ibere. Kuri uru rwego, Mbonyebyombi Philippe, avuga ko umuhoro yawukuye ku meza, awurwanira n’umugore umukeba ku kaboko, agerageje guhagarika amaraso yavaga biranga. [17] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga, nk’uko Urukiko Rukuru, urugereko rwa Musanze rwabibonye, Mbonyebyombi Philippe atemera icyaha mu bwuzuye, kuko ibyo avuga ko umugore we yakomerekejwe n’umuhoro bawurwanira bitandukanye n’ibyo umwana we Ndayizeye Angélique wabonye icyaha gikorwa yavuze ko se yatashye yasinze, ko yashatse kumukiranura na nyina akamubwira ko arimo gutuma adakora akazi, hanyuma yamutema ku kiganza akiruka, nawe agasigara atema nyina. Bigaragara ahubwo ko n’ubu ashaka kugabanya ubukana bw’icyaha yakoze cyo kwica umugore we, kandi nta kwicuza afite muri we, akaba rero atagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku mpamvu y’uko yemera icyaha. [18] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ariko, n’ubwo Mbonyebyombi Philippe atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, kandi icyaha yakoze cyo kwica umugore we ari icyaha cy’ubugome, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu yahawe cyagabanywa, kuko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu butabera ku buryo buzwi, ariko ntikigere ku myaka 15 nk’uko abisaba.

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[19] Mu kugabanya igihano kandi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurashingira ku zindi manza rwaciye ku kibazo nk’iri muri uru rubanza, harimo urubanza nº RPAA 00452/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 21/03/2025, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nteziryayo Siméon wahamijwe icyaha cyo kwica umugore we akoresheje ibuye akamusatura umutwe, aburana atemera icyaha ku buryo budashidikanywaho, ariko hashingiwe ku mpamvu yuko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu butabera, yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 25 kivuye ku gifungo cya burundu, bityo Mbonyebyombi Philippe akaba nawe agomba guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 25 nk’icyo Nteziryayo Siméon yahawe. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mbonyebyombi Philippe bugamije kugabanyisha igihano bufite ishingiro, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rugomba guhinduka gusa kubijyanye n’igihano. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mbonyebyombi Philippe bugamije kugabanyisha igihano yahawe bufite ishingiro; [22] Rwemeje ko urubanza n° RPA 00392/2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze ku wa 02/10/2024 ruhindutse ku bijyanye n’igihano; [23] Rutegetse ko Mbonyebyombi Philippe ahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka 25 ku cyaha cy’ubwicanyi.