MUSABYIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

# MUSABYIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-11-28 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00262/2025/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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MUSABYIMANA v. UBUSHINJACYAHA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00262/2025/CA (Kanyange, P.J.,) 28 Ugushyingo 2025] Amategeko ateganya ibyaha n’ibihano – Icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka 5 – Kugabanya ibihano – Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15). Incamake y’ikibazo: Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yakurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka itanu (5) wahawe izina rya I.S mu manza zabanje, maze atangira gukurikiranwa. Nyuma yaho, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kwemera icyaha yakoreye mu nzego z’iperereza, ku mvugo za I.S n’iz’abatangabuhamya, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko ibyo yemeye mu nzego z’iperereza yabitewe n’inkoni yakubiswe n’inkeragutabara avuga kandi ko raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko uwo mwana atasambanyijwe. Urukiko rwaciye urubanza maze rusanga hari ibimenyetso bifatika byemeza ko Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yakoreye ishimishamubiri ku mwana kandi bikaba bigize icyaha cyo kumusambanya, bityo rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko noneho yemera icyaha akanasaba imbabazi, asaba ko ibyo byashingirwaho maze akagabanyirizwa igihano kuko yanakoze icyaha akiri muto. Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko Musabyimaba yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko yakoze icyaha akiri muto kandi ari ubwa mbere akurikiranweho icyaha, kandi n’icyaha yakoze kikaba nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje, bityo agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Urukiko Rukuru rwaciye urubanza maze rusanga ukwemera icyaha Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yakoreye mu bujurire kutamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma agabanyirizwa igihano, ko ahubwo yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha no kuba yaragikoze agisohoka mu myaka y’ubwana, bityo rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15. Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yajurijwe no gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru cy’imyaka 15, asaba ko igihano yahawe cyagabanywa kigagezwa ku myaka 5, hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zirimo kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha kandi asanzwe yitwara neza.

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Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire bwa Musabyimana nta shingoro ifite, kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano ku buryo buhagije kandi icyo yahawe kikaba ari cyo gito Urukiko rwashoboraga gutanga, avuga kandi ko ikibazo cyo kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa umuburanyi wahamijwe icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye, bityo ko uregwaatakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ntaho Urukiko rwahera rwongera kumugabanyiriza. Incamake y’icyemezo: Iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15). Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N°059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 yahinduye ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 2. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 00076/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Burindwi Jean Bosco, rwaciwe n’urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 20/01/2025; Urubanza RPAA 01407/2024/CA rw’Ubushinjacyaha na Vanjiri Thadée, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/08/2025. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Musabyimana Valens Juvénal akurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka itanu (5) wahawe izina rya I.S1 mu manza zabanje, cyamenyekanye ku wa 29/11/2020 biturutse ku makuru murumuna we yabwiye nyina ko Musabyimana yabasanze aho bari barimo gukinira aterura I.S amujyana iwabo aramusambanya, uwo mwana nawe yemerera nyina ko Musabyimana yamujyanye iwabo amujomba urutoki mu gitsina, ahita abimenyesha ubuyobozi bw’Umudugudu, Musabyimana atangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Nyuma y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwamureze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rubavu icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, bushingiye ku kwemera icyaha yakoreye mu nzego z’iperereza, ku mvugo za I.S n’iz’abatangabuhamya, bumusabira igifungo cya burundu. [3] Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yaburanye ahakana icyaha, avuga ko ibyo yemeye mu nzego z’iperereza yabitewe n’inkoni yakubiswe n’inkeragutabara kandi ko raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko uwo mwana atasambanyijwe.

1 Yahawe iri zina kuko ari umwana

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[4] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RP 00806/2020/TGI/RBV ku wa 17/06/2022, rusanga hari ibimenyetso bifatika byemeza ko Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yakoreye ishimishamubiri ku mwana kandi bikaba bigize icyaha cyo kumusambanya, rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu. [5] Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze, avuga ko noneho yemera icyaha akanasaba imbabazi, bikaba byashingirwaho akagabanyirizwa igihano kuko yanakoze icyaha akiri muto, no kuba yarahakanye icyaha ku rwego rwa mbere bikaba byaratewe n’abamushutse. [6] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko Musabyimaba yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko yakoze icyaha akiri muto kandi ari ubwa mbere akurikiranweho icyaha. n’icyaha yakoze kikaba nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateje, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15. [7] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RPA 00837/2022/HC/KIG ku wa 27/02/2025, rusanga ukwemera icyaha Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yakoreye mu bujurire kutamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha yatuma agabanyirizwa igihano, ko ahubwo yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ko ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha no kuba yaragikoze agisohoka mu myaka y’ubwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka 15 rushingiye ku ngingo ya 2 y”itegeko Nº059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko Nº068/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange2. [8] Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yatanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza rwandikwa kuri RPAA 00262/2025/CA, iburanisha ribera mu ruhame ku wa 19/11/2025 Musabyimana yunganiwe na Me Ndamukunda Bisetsa Paul, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Sibomana Stanislas, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Musabyimana Valens Juvénal n’umwunganira bavuga ko yajurijwe no gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru cy’imyaka 15. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire bwa Musabyimana nta shingoro ifite, kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano ku buryo buhagije kandi icyo yahawe kikaba ari cyo gito Urukiko rwashoboraga gutanga. [11] Ikibazo kigomba gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ni ukumenya niba igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIRI MU RUBANZA

Kumenya niba igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa

2 Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15

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[12] Musabyimana Valens Juvénal n’umwunganira bavuga ko yajuriye kugira ngo igihano yahawe cyongere kigabanywe kuko nta cyabuza ko uwagabanyirijwe yongera gutakambira Urukiko rwajuririwe ngo rwongere rumugabanyirize birushijeho, ko igihano yahawe cyagabanywa kigagezwa ku myaka 5, hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zirimo kuba ari ubwa mbere aguye mu cyaha kandi asanzwe yitwara neza, akaba yaramenye ububi bw’icyaha agafata ingamba zo kutazongera kugwa mu cyaha kandi akaba yarakoze icyaha atarageza ku myaka 25, agihuzagurika mu mitekerereze, kandi ko guhanisha uregwa ibihano birebire byashegesha imibereho y’umuryango we no akanabera umutwaro igihugu. [13] Bavuga ko n’ubwo mu mwanzuro bavugaga ko mu kumugabanyiriza igihano hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 2 agace ka (b) y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 4/12/2023 rihindura itegeko n°068/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, basanga ari ukwibeshya, ko ahubwo hashingirwa ku gaca ka (a) k’ingingo imaze kuvugwa. [14] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko impamvu y’ubujurire bwa Musabyimana Valens Juvénal nta shingiro ifite, kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano ku buryo buhagije kandi bukurikije amategeko, bitewe n’uko icyaha yakoze gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, Umucamanza yaba yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha kikaba cyagabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’imyaka 15 nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 (a) y’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 ryavuzwe haruguru, ko rero hatashingirwa ku gace ka (b) k’iyo ngingo nk’uko biri mu mwanzuro w’ umwunganira, kuko icyaha yakoze gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. [15] Avuga kandi ko ikibazo cyo kumenya igihano gito gishobora guhabwa umuburanyi wahamijwe icyaha gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye harimo urubanza RPAA 00281/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 24/01/2025 hagati y’Ubushinjacyaha na Kalisa Claude, ko rero Musabyimana Valens atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko ntaho Urukiko rwahera rwongera kumugabanyiriza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba igifungo cy’imyaka 15 Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa. [17] Ku birebana n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana utarageza ku myaka cumi n’ine (14) y’amavuko Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yahamijwe, Itegeko rigihanisha igifungo cya burundu nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 133 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe. [18] Naho ikibazo kirebana n’igihano gito gishobora guhabwa uwahamijwe icyaha gihanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu mu gihe hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye harimo urubanza RPAA 00076/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 20/01/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Burindwi Jean Bosco, Urukiko rukaba rwarasesenguye ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N°059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 yahinduye ingingo ya 60 y’Itegeko Nº68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano

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muri rusange33, rusobanura ko iyo hari impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zemejwe n’Umucamanza, igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15). Uwo murongo wakomeje gukurikizwa mu zindi manza, urwa nyuma akaba ari urubanza RPAA 01407/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 20/08/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Vanjiri Thadée. [19] Nk’uko imikirize y’urubanza rujurirwa ibigaragaza, Urukiko Rukuru/ Urugereko rwa Musanze rwagabanyije igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu Musabyimana yari yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) rushingiye ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha rwasobanuye. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hashingiwe ku mirongo yatanzwe mu manza zavuzwe mu gika cya 18 cy’uru rubanza, igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yahanishijwe ku cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana w’imyaka itanu, gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, kitakongera kugabanywa kuko ari cyo gito gishobora gutangwa, bityo hakaba hagumyeho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’ URUKIKO [21] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Musabyimana Valens Juvénal nta shingiro bufite; [22] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00806/2020/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru/Urugereko rwa Musanze ku wa 27/02/2025 rugumanye agaciro mu ngingo zarwo zose; [23] Rutegetse ko igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) Musabyimana Valens Juvénal yahanishijwe kigumyeho.

3 Iyo ngingo iteganya ko: “Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: (a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15”.