DEDERI v NIWEMUGENI N’UNDI

# DEDERI v NIWEMUGENI N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-01-25 - Case/document no.: RCAA00026/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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DEDERI v NIWEMUGENI N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA00026/2022/CA (Rutazana, P.J.) 25 Mutarama 2024] Imiburanishirize y’imanza Mbonezamubano – Kujurira – impamvu z’ubujurire – Kujurira bikorwa mu gihe cy’ukwezi kandi ujurira agomba kugaragaza impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra muri icyo gihe nyine. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Niwemugeni n’undi barega umuvandimwe wabo Dederi Saidati mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, basaba ko umutungo w’abazungura ba Dederi Hassan uva muri indivision ukagurishwa abazungura be bose bakawugabana mu buryo bungana, kuko bamusabye ko babikora ku neza akabyanga. Uwitwa Mukandayisabye yagobotse muri urwo rubanza ku bushake avuga ko arufitemo inyungu ngo kuko na we ari umuzungura wa Dederi Hassan, asaba ko mu gihe urukiko rwazategeka ko umutungo umutungo uburanwa bahuriyeho bawugabana nawe yazahabwa uruhare rwe. Dederi Saidati yireguye avuga ko ibyo abamurega basaba nta shingiro bikwiriye guhabwa kuko ngo badasobanura niba buri gihe kuva muri indivision bisaba ko hagurishwa umutungo abantu bahuriyeho; avuga ko ahubwo yakomeza kuwucunga bakajya bagabana ibivuye muri uwo mutungo. Naho ku bireba no kugoboka kwa Mukandayisabye, avuga ko nta nyungu uyu arufitemo kuko atari umuzungura wa Dederi Hassan. Urukiko mu rubanza RC000800/2018/TGI/NYGE rwemeje ko ikirego cya Mukandayisabye cyo kugoboka mu rubanza nta shingiro; naho ku bijyanye n’ikirego cya Niwemugeni n’undi rwemeza ko ikirego cyabo gifite ishingiro kuko ababyeyi babo bombi bapfuye bityo abazungura babo bakaba bagomba kuzungura umutungo ku buryo bungana. Dederi Saidati ntiyanyuzwe nicyo cyemezo akijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, agaragaza ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwaciye urubanza ku ngingo zitaburanishijwe, asaba ko zasuzumwa n'Urukiko Rukuru ku rwego rwa mbere; anasaba gusuzuma ibijyanye n'umutungo uzungurwa ndetse n'ibyo abandimwe be bagomba kumusubiza, hamwe no gusuzuma uburyo Dederi Saidati yasubiza abandi bazungura uruhare rwabo. Niwemugeni yabanje gutanga inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati bavuga ko yajuriye akerewe ngo kuko yashyize muri IECMS ingingo z’ubujurire (issues) ku wa 17/2/2020, hashize ukwezi n' iminsi irindwi igihe cyo kujurira cyateganyijwe n’itegeko kirangiye, Dederi Saidati yireguye ku nzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwe avuga ko atarengeje igihe cyo kujurira asaba ko hasuzumwa niba gushyira muri IECMS imyanzuro nyuma y'iyo tariki byafatwa nk'impamvu ndemyagihugu ituma ubujurire butakirwa. Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza RCA00109/2020/HC/KIG rwaciye ku wa 29/08/2022 rwemeza ko ikirego cya Dederi Saidati kitakiriwe kuko yajuriye igihe cyo kujurira giteganywa n’amategeko cyararenze kuko yatanze ingingo ze z’ubujurire yazitanze nyuma y’igihe cy’ukwezi cyo kujurira giteganyijwe n’Itegeko. Dederi Saidati yongeye kujuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwanze kwakira ubujurire bwe rushingiye ku mpamvu y’uko yatanze imyanzuro y’ubujurire akerewe, ngo rwirengagije ko gushyira impamvu z’ubujurire (issues) muri IECMS nyuma y’ibihe byo kujurira byaturutse ku kudakora

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kwayo bikaba bitafatwa nko kujurira impitagihe, Asaba uru rukiko kwemeza ko ubujurire bwe bwagombaga kwakirwa no gutegeka ko urubanza rwoherezwa mu Rukiko Rukuru kugira ngo ruruburanishe; anasaba indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka. Abaregwa mu bujurire bireguye bavuga ko ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati nta shingiro bufite, kuko nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru yashyize ingingo z’ubujurire muri IECMS akerewe; naho ku birebana n’indishyi asaba bavuga ko nta shingiro zikwiriye guhabwa. Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCAA00026/2022/CA, rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati butagombaga kwakirwa ngo busuzumwe mu Rukiko Rukuru. Icamake y’icyemezo:1. Kujurira bikorwa mu gihe cy’ukwezi kandi ujurira agomba kugaragaza impamvu z’ubujurire cyangwa icyo anenga urubanza ajuririra muri icyo gihe nyine. Bityo, ujuriye mu bihe biteganyijwe n’Amategeko ariko agatanga impamvu z’ubujurire nyuma y’ukwezi guteganyijwe n’Amategeko, aba ajuriye muri rusange igihe giteganyijwe n’amategeko cyarenze, bituma ubujurire bwe butakirwa. 2.Buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana, iyo abibuze uwo baburana aratsinda. Umuburanyi uvuga ko IECMS itakoraga bigatuma adatanga impamvu z’ubujurire ku gihe agomba kubigaragariza ibimenyetso, yabibura agatsindwa, kuko kuvuga ko IECMS ijya ikunda kudakora atari ikimenyetso cyashingirwaho n’Urukiko. 3. Kurenza igihe cyo kujurira ni inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego kandi ni ndemyagihugu, ishobora kubyutswa n’umuburanyi cyangwa urukiko rubyibwirije igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 111,129,148, n’ingingo ya 150 Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, Ingingo ya 3 Imanza zifashishijwe: RCOMAA00071/2017/SC, BRD Ltd, MBUTO Aimable v Mukangabire Pacifique rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 26/10/2018. RCOMAA00022/2020/CA, BARCO TRADING Ltd, MIG Ltd v Rujugiro A. Tribert rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 12/02/2021. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Abazungura ba Dederi Hassan barimo Niwemugeni Zabibu na Safari Karim bifuje ko umutungo bahuriyeho nk’abazungura bose ba Dederi Hassan bawugurisha kugira ngo buri wese atware uruhare rwe

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mu mafaranga bityo bashobore kwiteza imbere, ariko umwe muri bo witwa Dederi Saidati arabyanga, bituma Niwemugeni Zabibu na Safari Karim batanga ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge barega Dederi Saidati, basaba ko umutungo w’abazungura ba Dederi Hassan uva muri indivision ukagurishwa abazungura be bose bakawugabana mu buryo bungana. [2] Uwitwa Mukandayisabye Chadia yagobotse muri urwo rubanza ku bushake avuga ko arufitemo inyungu ngo kuko na we ari umuzungura wa Dederi Hassan, asaba ko mu gihe urukiko rwazategeka ko umutungo abazungura ba Dederi Hassan bahuriyeho bawugabana nawe yazahabwa uruhare rwe. [3] Dederi Saidati yireguye avuga ko ibyo Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu basaba nta shingiro bikwiriye guhabwa kuko badasobanura niba buri gihe kuva muri indivision bisaba ko hagurishwa umutungo abantu bahuriyeho ; avuga ko ahubwo yakomeza kuwucunga bakajya bagabana ibivuye muri uwo mutungo. Naho ku bireba no kugoboka mu rubanza kwa Mukandayisabye Chadia, Dederi Saidati avuga ko nta nyungu uyu arufitemo kuko atari umuzungura wa Dederi Hassan ahubwo yabyawe na Musigwa Yunusu na Utamuriza Hasha. [4] Mu rubanza RC000800/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuwa 11/12/2019 , rwemeje ko ikirego cya Mukandayisabye Chadia cyo kugoboka mu rubanza ku bushake nta shingiro gifite kuko nta kimenyetso yatanze cyemeza ko ari umuzungura wa Dederi Hassan; naho ku bijyanye n’urubanza mu mizi urukiko rwemeza ko ikirego cyatanzwe Niwemugeni Zabibu na Safari Karim gifite ishingiro kuko ababyeyi babo bombi bapfuye bityo abazungura babo bakaba bagomba kuzungura umutungo ku buryo bungana; rwemeza kandi ko Dederi Saidati agomba gusubiza Niwemugeni Zabibu na Safari Karim 500.000frw bishyuye avoka ndetse n’ayo batanze ho ingwate y’igarama. [5] Urwo rubanza Dederi Saidati yarujuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, agamije kugaragaza ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwaciye urubanza ku ngingo zitaburanishijwe, asaba ko zasuzumwa n'Urukiko Rukuru ku rwego rwa mbere ; anasaba gusuzuma ibijyanye n'umutungo uzungurwa ndetse n'ibyo Safari Karimu agomba gusubiza Dederi Saidati, no gusuzuma uburyo Dederi Saidati yasubiza abandi bazungura uruhare rwabo. [6] Mbere yo kwiregura Niwemugeni Zabibu na Safari Karim batanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati bavuga ko yajuriye akerewe ngo kuko yashyize muri IECMS ingingo z’ubujurire (issues) ku wa 17/2/2020, hashize ukwezi n' iminsi irindwi igihe cyo kujurira cyateganyijwe n’itegeko kirangiye, kuko urubanza RC00800/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe kuwa 11/12/2019, itariki ya nyuma yo kujurira ikaba yari iyo ku wa 10/1/2020; nabwo akaba yarabikoze nyuma y’uko kuwa 24/01/2020 urukiko rubanje kumusaba kuzuza ubujurire bwe ahabugenewe. [7] Dederi Saidati yireguye ku nzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwe avuga ko atarengeje igihe cyo kujurira kuko urubanza RC00800/2019/TGI/NYGE yajuririye rwaciweku wa 11/12/2019 akarujuririra ku wa 10/1/2020 yubahirije ibihe byo kujurira bitaganywa n’ingingo ya 148 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi; asaba ko hasuzumwa niba gushyira muri IECMS imyanzuro nyuma y'iyo tariki byafatwa nk'impamvu ndemyagihugu ivugwa mu ngingo ya 129 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru. [8] Urukiko Rukuru rwasuzumye iyo nzitizi maze mu rubanza RCA00109/2020/HC/KIG rwaciye ku wa 29/08/2022 rwemeza ko ikirego cya Dederi Saidati kitakiriwe kuko yajuriye igihe cyo kujurira

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giteganywa n’amategeko cyararenze. Ibyo Urukiko Rukuru rubaba rwarabyemeje rushingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira : Kuba igihe ntarengwa cyo kujurira cyari tariki ya 10/01/2020 nyamara Dederi Saidati akaba yaratanze umwanzuro w’ubujurire bwe kuwa 17/2/2020, bivuze ko ingingo ze z’ubujurire yazitanze nyuma yo ku wa 10/01/2020 igihe cy’ukwezi cyo kujurira giteganyijwe n’ingingo ya 148, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru cyararenze ; Kuba Dederi Saidati avuga ko gutanga impamvu z’ubujurire nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’amategeko byatewe n’uko système ya IECMS itakoraga, nyamara akaba atagaragaza ibimenyetso byerekana IECMS yaba yarahagaze gukora guhera kuwa 11/12/2019 urubanza rusomwa kugeza kuwa 17/2/2020 ubwo yatangaga impamvu z’ubujurire ; Kuba Dederi Saidati yaranditse muri IECMS ko ajuriye gusa ntagaragaze impamvu z’ubujurire mu gihe cyagenwe n’itegeko ntibyafatwa nko kujurira kuko hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 150 y'Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo kuwa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z' imbonezamubano, iz'ubucuruzi, iz'umurimo n'iz'ubutegetsi, iteganya ibikubiye mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire, utanze ubujurire agomba kugaragaza ibyo anenga urubanza ajuriria byose; kuba rero ataranze ubujurire bwe bwuzuye ku gihe akaba ari inzitizi ndemyagihugu ituma ubujurire bwe butakirwa. [9] Dederi Saidati yongeye kujuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwanze kwakira ubujurire bwe rushingiye ku mpamvu y’uko yatanze imyanzuro y’ubujurire akerewe, rwirengagije ko gushyira impamvu z’ubujurire (issues) muri IECMS nyuma y’ibihe byo kujurira byaturutse ku kudakora kwayo bikaba bitafatwa nko kujurira impitagihe, kandi ko bitagize impamvu ndemyagihugu umuburanyi ashobora kugaragaza igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Asaba uru rukiko kwemeza ko ubujurire bwe bwagombaga kwakirwa no gutegeka ko urubanza rwoherezwa mu Rukiko Rukuru kugira ngo ruruburanishe ; anasaba indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya avoka. [10] Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu bireguye bavuga ko ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati nta shingiro bufite, kuko nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru yashyize ingingo z’ubujurire muri IECMS akerewe ; naho ku birebana n’indishyi asaba bavuga ko nta shingiro zikwiriye guhabwa kuko ari we wishoye mu manza ajuririra ibidafite ishingiro ; ahubwo nabo batanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bwe basaba indishyi kubera gushorwa mu manza. [11] Iburanisha mu ruhame ryabaye ku wa 03/01/2024, Dederi Saidati yunganiwe na Me Habakurama François Xavier naho Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu bahagarariwe na Me Ingenzi Jean Felix. [12] Hashingiwe ku miburanire y’impande zombi, urukiko rugomba gusuzuma ikibazo cyo kumenya niba mu Rukiko Rukuru Dederi Saidati yarajuriye ku gihe ku buryo ubujurire bwe bwagombaga kwakirwa, n’icyo kumenya ishingiro ry’indishyi zasabwe n’impande zombi. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Kumenya niba mu Rukiko Rukuru Dederi Saidati yarajuriye mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko ku buryo ubujurire bwe bwagombaga kwakirwa [13] Me Habakurama François Xavier avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwagombaga kwakira ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati yunganira kuko urubanza RC00800/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 11/12/2019, Dederi

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Saidati arujuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru ku wa 10/01/2020 yubahirije ibihe byo kujurira, ariko ko impamvu z’ubujurire (issues) yazishyize muri système ya IECMS nyuma y’ibihe byo kujurira biturutse ku kudakora kwayo bikaba bitafatwa nko kujurira impitagihe. Asobanura ko icyo gihe système ya IECMS itangirwamo ibirego itakoraga, kandi ngo ibyo bikaba byari bisanzwe bibabaho bikanatuma inkiko zisubika imanza, ko rero atemeranya n’icyo Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiyeho rumusaba ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko IECMS itakoraga icyo gihe, kandi ngo rwari rusanzwe ruzi neza ko iyo système ishobora kugira ibibazo. [14] Me Habakurama François Xavier kandi avuga ko kuba impamvu z’ubujurire zashyirwa muri IECMS nyuma y’igihe ntarengwa cyo kujurira bitagize impamvu ndemyagihugu umuburanyi ashobora kugaragaza igihe icyo ari cyo cyose. Asobanura ko mu ngingo ya 83 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, umushingamategeko yasobanuye icyo yise impamvu zituma ikirego kitakirwa (fin de non-recevoir) zirimo kurenza igihe cyo kujurira, ariko ko muri iyo ngingo umushingamategeko atagaragaje ko gushyira mu rubanza impamvu z'ubujurire nyuma ari impamvu ituma ikirego kitakirwa, nyamara Urukiko Rukuru rukaba rwarakoze amakosa rukabifata rutyo, rwitiranya kuregera urukiko no kugaragaza ikiregerwa kandi ari ibintu bibiri bitandukanye. [15] Me Habakurama François Xavier asobanura ko Urukiko Rukuru rutashoboye kumva ihame rikubiye mu ngingo ya 84 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko umuburanyi agomba kugaragaza mu myanzuro cyangwa mu nama ntegurarubanza inzitizi cyangwa impamvu ituma ikirego kitakirwa haseguriwe ibiteganywa n’amategeko ndemyagihugu, kimwe n’ingingo ya 75 nayo y’iryo tegeko iteganya mu gika cyayo cya mbere ko muri rusange nta nyandiko, imyanzuro y’urubanza cyangwa inyandiko ikubiyemo ingingo ziburanishwa bishobora kohererezwa urukiko nyuma y’inama ntegurarubanza, ngo rubihuze n’inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego yatazwe na Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu, ngo kuko impamvu bayishingiraho bagombye kuba barayigaragaje mu myanzuro yabo, hanyuma igasuzumwa mu nama ntegurarubanza, kuko itari ndemyagihugu; bityo ko asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gukosora ayo makosa, maze rukemeza ko ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati bwagombaga kwakirwa, no gutegeka ko urubanza rwoherezwa mu Rukiko Rukuru rugasuzuma ingingo ze z’ubujurire. [16] Me Ingenzi Jean Felix uhagarariye Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu avuga ko ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati nta shingiro bufite, kuko ibyo avuga kuri uru rwego ari na byo yavuze mu Rukiko Rukuru bakagaragaza ko ubujurire bwe budakwiye kwakirwa kuko yabutanze igihe cyo kujurira cyararenze. Avuga ko kuba kuri iyo tariki uburanira Dederi Saidati yaranditse muri IECMS ko ajuriye gusa, bidahagije kugira ngo byitwe ko yajuririye ku gihe, kuko mu bujurire harebwa ingingo z'ubujurire ( legal issues) nk’uko n'Urukiko rw'Ikirenga rwabitanzeho umurongo mu rubanza RCOMAA00071/2017/SC, ndetse n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rukabigarukaho mu rubanza RCOMAA00022/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 12/02/2021, aho rwemeje ko ingingo zose z’ubujurire zatanzwe igihe cyo kujurira cyararenze zitagomba kwakirwa, hanashingiwe ku biteganywa n'ingingo ya 148 y'Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z'imbonezamubano, iz'ubucuruzi, iz'umurimo n'iz'ubutegetsi. [17] Me Ingenzi Jean Felix kandi ashingiye ku ngingo ya 150 y’iryo tegeko No 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, asaba uru rukiko kwemeza ko ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati nta shingiro bufite kuko nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabisobanuye neza kuva mu gika cya 9 kugeza ku cya 14 by’urubanza rujuririrwa, itariki ntarengwa yo kujurira yari iyo ku wa 10/01/2020, ibyo avuga bikaba byarakozwe impitagihe.

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Uko Urukiko rubibona [18] Impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kibazo nyamukuru cyo kumenya niba kuba mu Rukiko Rukuru ku wa 10/01/2020 Me Habakurama François Xavier wunganira DEDERI Saidati yagaragaje muri système ya IECMS ko ajuririye urubanza RC00800/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 11/12/2019 ariko impamvu z’ubujurire akazishyira muri IECMS ku wa 17/02/2020 bifatwa ko yajuriye mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko. [19] Ingingo ya 148 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko igihe cyo kujurira ari ukwezi kumwe; naho ingingo 150 nayo y’iryo tegeko ikagaragaza mu buryo butaziguye, ko ubujurire bukorwa mu buryo bw’umwanzuro utanga ikirego, mu bigomba kuwugaragaramo hakaba mo “urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa“ hamwe “n’ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa urukiko’’. [20] Izi ngingo zombi zumvikanisha ko ubujurire bugomba gukorwa mu gihe ntarengwa cyateganyijwe n’itegeko kandi mu kubikora ujurira akaba atavuga gusa ko ajuriye, ahubwo mu byo agomba kugaragaza harimo urutonde rw’inenge cyangwa amakosa avuga ko biri mu rubanza ajuririra, ibisobanuro kuri izo nenge cyangwa amakosa n’uburyo bigomba gukosorwa. [21] Ibi bihura n’ibyasobanuwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RCOMAA00071/2017/SC rubanziriza urundi rwaciwe ku wa 26/10/2018 haburana BRD Ltd, Mbuto Aimable na Mukangabire Pacifique, aho rwasobanuye ko ingingo ya 150 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi igaragaza ku buryo butaziguye ko ubujurire bukorwa mu buryo bw’umwanzuro utanga ikirego, mu bigomba kuwugaragaramo hakaba mo “urutonde rw’inenge z’urubanza zisabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa; hamwe n‘ibisobanuro kuri buri nenge cyangwa kuri buri kibazo bigaragaza amakosa yakozwe n’uburyo agomba gukosorwa hashingiwe ku mategeko n’ibimenyetso n’igisabwa urukiko’’. [22] Byanagarutsweho kandi n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu rubanza RCOMAA00022/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 12/02/2021 haburana BARCO TRADING LTD, MIG LTD na Rujugiro A. Tribert, aho narwo rwasobanuye ko nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 150, agace ka 5, y’Itegeko ryavuzwe haruguru, BARCO TRADING Ltd yari yajuriye yagombaga kugaragaza urutonde rw’inenge ibona mu rubanza rusabirwa gukosorwa n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa bitarenze ku itariki ntarengwa yagombaga kujuririraho. [23] Ibimaze gusobanurwa haruguru byumvikanisha ko kujurira ari ukugaragaza inenge cyangwa amakosa uvuga ko biri mu rubanza ujuririra ushaka ko bikosorwa, ku buryo umuburanyi wagaragaza gusa muri IECMS ko ajuriye, akabikora ku munsi ntarengwa wo kujurira ariko ntagaragaze inenge cyangwa amakosa biri mu rubanza ajuririra, ahubwo akazabigaragaza nyuma, bitafatwa ko kuri uwo munsi yagaragaje ko ajuriye yajuriye koko mu buryo buteganywa n’itegeko. Itariki ikwiriye gufatwa ko yajuririyeho ni iyo yagaragarijeho inenge cyangwa amakosa ashaka ko bikosorwa. [24] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, ku wa 10/01/2020 uwunganira Dederi Saidati yagaragaje muri systeme ya IECMS (ahagenewe comments) ko ajuririye urubanza RC00800/2018/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 11/12/2019 ariko impamvu z’ubujurire azishyira muri IECMS ku wa 17/02/2020; hashingiwe ku

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bisobanuro byatanzwe mu bika bya 19-23 by’uru rubanza, bikaba bifatwa ko yajuriye kuri iyo tariki ya 17/02/2020, igihe cy’ukwezi giteganywa n’ingingo ya 148 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ryavuzwe haruguru cyararenze, kuko hakurikijwe itariki urubanza rwaciriweho, ni ukuvuga ku wa 11/12/2019 kandi rukaba rwaraciwe Dederi Sidati ahari nk’uko bigaragazwa n’Inyandikomvugo y’isomwa ryarwo, itariki ntarengwa yagombaga kujuririraho ari iya 10/01/2020; bityo rero nk’uko byemejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza rwajuririwe, Dederi Saidati akaba yarajuriye nyuma y’igihe giteganywa n’itegeko. [25] Urukiko rurasanga impamvu uwunganira Dederi Saidati aburanisha y’uko kuba yarakerewe kugaragaza impamvu z’ubujurire byatewe n’uko ku munsi yagaragaje muri IECMS ko ajuriye gusa iyo système itakoraga bigatuma adashobora gushyiramo impamvu z’ubujurire, uretse kubivuga gusa nta kimenyetso yatanze kibigaragaza haba mu Rukiko Rukuru haba no kuri uru rwego. Uru rukiko rukaba rutashingira gusa ku kuba avuga ko hari ikindi gihe IECMS ijya igira ikibazo igahagarara kuko ibyo atari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko mu gihe yagombaga kujuriramo iyo système itakoraga koko; bityo hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo kuwa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, buri mu buranyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana, uru rukiko narwo rukaba rusanga ntaho rwahera rwemeza ko ibyo uwunganira Dederi Saidati avuga ari ukuri, bityo iyi ngingo aburanisha ikaba nta shingiro ifite nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe. [26] Urukiko rurasanga indi ngingo uwunganira Dederi Saidati aburanisha y’uko kuba impamvu z’ubujurire zashyirwa muri IECMS nyuma y’igihe ntarengwa cyo kujurira bitagize impamvu ndemyagihugu umuburanyi ashobora kugaragaza igihe icyo ari cyo cyose nta shingiro ifite, kuko nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru mu bika bya 20, 21, 22, 23 na 24 by’uru rubanza, umuburanyi ujurira agomba kugaragaza inenge cyangwa amakosa abona mu rubanza ajuririra n’ibindi bibazo bigomba gusuzumwa bitarenze ku itariki ntarengwa yagombaga kujuririraho, ku bireba Dederi Saidati itariki ifatwa ko yajuririyeho ikaba ari iyo yagaragarijeho inenge cyangwa amakosa ashaka ko bikosorwa, bityo akaba yarajuriye igihe cy’ukwezi giteganywa n’ingingo ya 148 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi ryavuzwe haruguru cyararenze; kandi hashingiwe ku biteganywa mu ngingo ya 129 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, kurenza igihe cyo kujurira bikaba ari inzitizi yo kutakira ikirego kandi y’indemyagihugu, ishobora kubyutswa n’umuburanyi cyangwa urukiko rubyibwirije igihe icyo aricyo cyose. [27] Urukiko rushingiye ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe mu bika bibanziriza iki, rurasanga ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati nta shingiro bufite. Kumenya niba indishyi zisabwa na Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu kuri uru rwego kubera gushorwa mu manza bakwiriye kuzihabwa [28] Me Ingenzi Jean Felix uhagarariye Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu asaba ko abo yunganira bahabwa 1.000.000frw kubera gushorwa mu manza. [29] Dederi Saidati n’umwunganira bavuga ko ayo mafaranga asabwa nta shingiro ryayo kandi ko ari umurengera. Uko urukiko rubibona

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[30] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ari ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza, kikaburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. [31] Urukiko rurasanga kuri uru rwego Dederi Saidati ari we wajuriye, biba ngombwa ko Safari KARIM na Niwemugeni Zabibu bashaka avoka ubaburanira kandi nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru ubujurire bwa Dederi Saidati bukaba nta shingiro bufite ; bityo hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 111 yavuzwe haruguru urukiko rukaba rusanga Dederi Saidati agomba kubishyura Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu 500.000frw y’igihembo cya avoka waburanye urubanza kuri uru rwego, agenwe mu bushishozi bw’urukiko kuko ayo basaba ari menshi. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [32] Rwemeje ubujurire bwatanzwe na Dederi Saidati nta shingiro bufite. [33] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RCA00109/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 29/8/2022 idahindutse. [34] Rutegetse Dederi Saidati kwishyura 500.000frw y’igihembo cya avoka waburaniye Safari Karim na Niwemugeni Zabibu kuri uru rwego. [35] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.