UBUSHINJACYAHA vs. MUSHIMIYIMANA N’ABANDI

UBUSHINJACYAHA vs. MUSHIMIYIMANA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-20 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00246/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs. MUSHIMIYIMANA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00246/2023/CA (Kanyange, P.J.,) 20 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Icyaha cyo gusambanya abana – Kugabanyirizwa ibihano – Mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha, iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mushimiyimana Anastase, Sebanani Evariste na Ndoreyaho Emmanuel bakurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya abana , umwe w’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) wiswe N.J, undi w’imyaka cumi n’itandatu(16) wiswe N.Ph n’undi w’imyaka cumi n’ine (14) wiswe N.M. Iperereza rirangiye, uko ari babatu Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi icyaha cyo gusambanya abana rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, ku birebana n’imikorere y’icyaha buvuga ko Mushimiyimana na Ndorerayo babaye abafatangacyaha mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J naho Sebanani akaba icyitso anasambanya N.Ph na N.M, busaba ko Mushimiyimana Anastase na Ndoreyaho Emmanuel bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 25 naho Sebanani agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 20. Mushimiyimana Anastase yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo gusambanya N.J. Ndoreyaho Emmanuel we aburana ahakana icyaha ariko yemera ko yari yihishe munsi y’igitanda. Sebanani

we yaburanye ahakana icyaha. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi rwaciye urubanza maze rusanga ibikorwa byakozwe na Mushimiyimana na Ndoreyaho ari ugushyira ibitsina byabo mu gitsina cya N.J, naho Sebanani akaba yarakorakoye ku mabere ya N.Ph na N.M agamije ishimishamubiri, naho ku birebana n’ibihano, bityo kuba Mushimiyimana yaremeye icyaha byamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ituma agabanyirizwa igihano maze rwanzura ko Ndoreyaho Emmanuel, Mushimiyimana Anastase na Sebanani Evariste bahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, kuri Sebanani hakiyongeraho kuba icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, ruhanisha Mushimiyimana igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20), naho Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25). Abaregwa bose bajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, Mushimiyimana Anastase ajurira avuga ko Urukiko rwamuhanishije igihano cy’imyaka 20 kandi yaremeye icyaha ntarushye ubutabera; Ndoreyaho Emmanuel ajurira avuga ko yahawe igihano nk’icy’abasambanyije N.J kandi uwamusambanyije yarabyiyemereye, ko kandi nta ntoki yashyize mu gitsina cy’uwo mwana ahubwo hakorwa iperereza; Sebanani Evariste ajurira avuga Urukiko rwafashe ibintu uko bitari rumuhamya icyaha atakoze. Urukiko Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mushimiyimana Anastase bufite ishingiro, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), naho kuri

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Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste rugumishaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe n’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) bahanishijwe. Mushimiyimana, Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste batanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Mushimiyimana avuga ko n’ubwo Urukiko Rukuru rwamugabanyirije igihano kikava mu myaka makumabiri (20) kikagezwa ku myaka cumi n’itanu (15), icyo gihano n’ubundi ari kirekire, bityo asaba ko igihano yahanishijwe cyongera kikagabanywa kuko yemeye icyaha aregwa. Ndorerayo nawe avuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije kugaragaza ko Urukiko rutabajije abatangabuhamya yasabye ko babazwa. Sebanani nawe avuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yemeye icyaha. Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire zose nta shingiro zifite, kuko igihano Mushimiyimana yahawe kitakongera kugabanywa harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha we na bagenzi bakoze, ko n’ibyo Ndorerayo avuga ko hatabajijwe abatangabuhamya nta shingiro bifite kuko Urukiko ari rwo rwemeza niba ari ngombwa gukora iperereza, kandi ko Sebanani atigeze yemera icyaha nk’uko we n’umwunganira babivuga, kandi kwemera icyaha mu bujurire bikaba bitamugirira akamaro. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha, iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo.

2. Mushimiyimana na Sebanani bahanishijwe igihano cy’ igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10) hashingiwe ku kuba bemeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywa no kuba nta kinyuranyo kinini kiri hagati y’imyaka yari afite n’imyaka uwo yasambanyije yari afite.

3. Ndorerayo yahanishijwe igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’ine (14) kuko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranywe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi, ariko we akaba ataremeye icyaha. Ubujurire bwa Mushimiyimana bufite ishingiro; Ubujurire bwa Sebanani bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; Ubujurire bwa Ndorerayo nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 49.

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Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022; Urubanza RPAA 00256/2021/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamariya rwaciwe n’urukiko rw’ubujurire ku wa 30/11/2021; Urubanza RPAA 00011/2024/CA rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Muhoza Jean de Dieu, rwaciwe ku wa 29/05/2024,

Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Mushimiyimana Anastase, Sebanani Evariste na Ndoreyaho Emmanuel bakurikiranweho icyaha cyo gusambanya abana , umwe w’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) wiswe N.J, undi w’imyaka cumi n’itandatu(16) wiswe N.Ph n’undi w’imyaka cumi n’ine (14) wiswe N.M, Ubushinjacyaha bubarega buvuga ko cyakozwe ku wa 03/02/2020 ko kandi bazanwe na Sebanani Evariste wari wabyumvikanyeho na Mushimiyimana Anastase, uyu nawe ageza icyo gitekerezo kuri Ndoreyaho Emmanuel bemeranya ko bafatanya gusambanya N.J, ko ubwo Sebanani yajyaga kumuzana yasanze ari kumwe na N.M na N.Ph maze bose barazana, bahageze Mushimiyimana ajyana N.J mu cyumba aramusambanya, Ndorerayo nawe ava munsi y’igitanda barafatanya bamukuranwaho, ko mu gihe ibyo byabaga Sebanani nawe yasigaye akorakora abandi bana ku mabere abasaba ko bakorana imibonano mpuzabitsina ariko baranga, bimenyekana ubwo Ndoreyaho Emmanuel yajyaga kubibwira ubuyobozi yikuraho icyaha, batangira gukurikiranwa. [2] Iperereza rirangiye, uko ari babatu Ubushinjacyaha bwabareze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi icyaha cyo gusambanya abana rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye, ku birebana n’imikorere y’icyaha buvuga ko Mushimiyimana na Ndorerayo babaye abafatangacyaha mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J naho Sebanani akaba icyitso anasambanya N.Ph na N.M, busaba ko Mushimiyimana Anastase na Ndoreyaho Emmanuel bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 25

naho Sebanani agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka 20. [3] Mushimiyimana Anastase yaburanye yemera icyaha cyo gusambanya N.J anashinja Ndoreyaho Emmanuel ko nawe yamusambanyije akanamushyira intoki mu gitsina. Ndoreyaho Emmanuel we aburana ahakana icyaha ariko yemera ko yari yihishe munsi y’igitanda Mushimiyimana yasambanyirijemo N.J, anashinja Sebanani ko ariwe wazanye abo bakobwa. Sebanani nawe yahakanye icyaha, avuga ko atari we wazanye abo bakobwa ahubwo yabasanganye na Mushimiyimana na Ndoreyaho, ko we yageze kwa Mushimiyimana aje kuharara kuko yatashye agasanga iwabo bakinze, kandi ko atigeze akora ku mabere ya N.Ph na N.M. [4] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RP 00097/2020/TGI/RSZ ku wa 28/10/2020, rusanga: ukwemera icyaha kwa Mushimiyimana Anastase kumuhamya icyaha ko kandi guhura n’imvugo z’umwana wasambanyijwe wavuze ko yamusambanyije afatanyije na Ndoreyaho; Ko hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko Ndorerayo yakoze icyaha akurikiranweho bigizwe:

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- N’ubuhamya bwa Mushimiyimana Anastase bareganwa; - Imvugo z’umwana wasambanyijwe (N.J) wavuze ko amaze kumusambanya yamujombye intoki mu gitsina akababara cyane; - Raporo ya muganga igaragaza ko uwo mwana yakomeretse mu gitsina; - Kuba atabasha gusobanura uburyo yageze munsi y’igitanda umwana yasambanyirijweho; Rwasanze kandi hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko Sebanani Evariste yabaye icyitso cya Mushimiyimana na Ndoreyaho mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J, bikanemeza ko yasambanyije N.Ph na N.M birimo: 1. Kuba yaremeye mu Bugenzacyaha ko ari we wazanye abo bakobwa kwa Mushimiyimana 2. - Kuba mu Bugenzacyaha yaremeye ko yakorakoye ku mabere ya N.Ph na N.M; [5] Ku birebana n’ibikorwa bigize icyaha, rwasanze ibikorwa byakozwe na Mushimiyimana na Ndoreyaho ari ugushyira ibitsina byabo mu gitsina cya N.J, naho Sebanani akaba yarakorakoye ku mabere ya N.Ph na N.M agamije ishimishamubiri, naho ku birebana n’ibihano, rusanga kuba Mushimiyimana yaremeye icyaha byamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha ituma agabanyirizwa igihano maze rwanzura ko Ndoreyaho Emmanuel, Mushimiyimana Anastase na Sebanani Evariste bahamwa n’icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, kuri Sebanani hakiyongeraho kuba icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya umwana, ruhanisha Mushimiyimana igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri (20), naho Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste bahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25). [6] Mushimiyimana

Anastase, Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste bajuriye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi: - Mushimiyimana Anastase ajurira avuga ko Urukiko rwamuhanishije igihano cy’imyaka 20 kandi yaremeye icyaha ntarushye ubutabera: - Ndoreyaho Emmanuel ajurira avuga ko yahawe igihano nk’icy’abasambanyije N.J kandi uwamusambanyije yarabyiyemereye, ko kandi nta ntoki yashyize mu gitsina cy’uwo mwana ahubwo hakorwa iperereza; - Sebanani Evariste ajurira avuga Urukiko rwafashe ibintu uko bitari rumuhamya icyaha atakoze, rwirengagiza imvugo z’abakorewe icyaha bavuze ko basambanyijwe na Mushimiyimana Anastase na Ndoreyaho Emmanuel. [7] Ubushinjacyaha bwasubije ko ibyo Mushimiyimana Anastase asaba adakwiye kubihabwa kuko yagabanyirijwe igihano mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, kandi impamvu atanga akaba arizo zashingiweho icyo gihno kigabanywa; Ko ku birebana na Ndoreyaho Emmanuel, ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha yahamijwe kuko mu ibazwa rye yemeye ko yari afitanye umugambi na Mushimiyimana, naho iby’iperereza akaba atarigeze abisaba ku rwego rwa mbere ngo Urukiko rugire icyo rubivugaho; Ko Sebanani Evariste yemereye mu Bugenzacyaha ko ari we wajyanye abo bana kwa Mushimiyimana Anastase, hakaba n’umutangabuhamya witwa Murwanashyaka Evariste wavuze ko yahabasanze bari kumwe na Sebanani, naho N.Ph na N.M bakaba baramushinje ko yabakorakoye ku mabere abasaba ko basambana bakanga, kandi akaba yarazanye N.J azi neza ko baje kumusambanya kuko bari babivuganye.

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[8] Urukiko rwaciye urubanza RPA 00334/2020/HC/RSZ ku wa 24/03/202 rusanga: Ubujurire bwa Ndoreyaho Emmanuel nta shingiro bufite, kuko yashinjwe na Mushimiyimana Emmanuel hamwe na N.J wasambanyijwe wanavuze ko yamushyize intoki mu gitsina, bigashimangirwa na raporo ya muganga yagaragaje ko yakomerekejwe mu gitsina; ko kandi yiyemereye ko igihe Mushimiyimana yasambanyaga uwo mwana yari yihishe munsi y’igitanda, akaba atarabashije gusobanura uburyo yagezemo n’impamvu yabimuteye, ko ahubwo bigaragaza umugambi bari bateguriye hamwe; Rwasanze ubujurire bwa Sebanani Evariste nta shingiro bufite, kuko mu Bugenzacyaha yameye ko ari we wazanye abana kwa Mushimiyimana Anastase bakahasambanyirizwa, na N.J akamushinja ko ari we wahamuzanye, akanashinjwa na N.Ph na N.M ko yabakoze ku mabere abasaba ko basambana bakabyanga, ko rero yagize uruhare mu gikowa cy’ishimishamuburi rishingiye ku gitsina yakoreye N.Ph na N.M, anatuma N.J asambanywa na Mushimiyimana hamwe na Ndorerayo. Rwasanze ubujurire bwa Mushimiyimana bufite ishingiro, ko igihano cyakongera kugabanywa kubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha. [9] Urukiko rwemeje rero ko ubujurire bwa Mushimiyimana Anastase bufite ishingiro, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), naho kuri Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste rugumishaho imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe n’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25)

bahanishijwe. [10] Mushimiyimana Anastase, Ndoreyaho Emmanuel na Sebanani Evariste batanze ubujurire bwa kabiri mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwabo bwandikwa kuri RPAA 00246/2023/CA - CMB RPAA 00248/2023/CA-CMB RPAA 00250/2023/CA, bahabwa itariki yo kuburanishwa yo ku wa 10/12/2024, uwo munsi urubanza ruburanishwa Mushimiyimana Anastase yunganiwe na Me Mwizerwa Alexis, Ndoreyaho Emmanuel yunganiwe na Me Ntazika Néhemie, Sebanani Evariste yunganiwe na Me Bigirimana Félicien, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Bunyoye Grâce, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [11] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire no mu miburanire, Mushimiyimana Anastase n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije gusaba kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano; Ndorerayo Emmanuel n’umwunganira nabo bavuga ko ubujurire bwe bugamije kugaragaza ko Urukiko rutabajije abatangabuhamya yasabye ko babazwa ko kandi imvugo zashingiweho za Mushimiyimana n’iza N.J zivuguruzanya; naho Sebanani n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire yatanze bugamije gusaba kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yemeye icyaha, no kunenga ko yahamijwe kuba icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J kandi nta mugambi wabayeho wo kumuzana kwa Mushimiyimana ngo asambanywe. [12] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire zose nta shingiro zifite, kuko igihano Mushimiyimana yahawe kitakongera kugabanywa harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha we na bagenzi bakoze; ko n’ibyo Ndorerayo avuga ko hatabajijwe abatangabuhamya nta shingiro bifite kuko Urukiko ari rwo rwemeza niba ari ngombwa gukora iperereza, ko nta no kuvuguruzanya kuri mu mvugo za Mushimiyimana na N.J kuko zose zumvikanisha ko habayeho gusambanya uwo mwana; ko Sebanani atigeze yemera icyaha nk’uko we n’umwunganira babivuga, kandi kwemera mu bujurire bikaba bitamugirira akamaro.

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[13] Impaka ziri muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya: niba igihano Mushimiyimana yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa; niba Sebanani yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku kuba yaremeye icyaha, no kumenya niba atarabaye icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J; niba Urukiko rwaragombaga kumva abatangabuhamya ba Ndorerayo no kumenya niba rwarashingiye ku mvugo zivuguruzanya. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIRI MU RUBANZA A. UBUJURIRE BWA Mushimiyimana Anastase -Kumenya niba igihano Mushimiyimana yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa [14] Mushimiyimana Anastase n’umwunganira bavuga ko n’ubwo Urukiko Rukuru rwamugabanyirije igihano kikava mu myaka makumabiri (20) kikagezwa ku myaka cumi n’itanu (15), icyo gihano n’ubundi ari kirekire kuko hari abarezwe icyaha nk’icyo ashinjwa basambanyije abana b’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) ndetse n’abasambanyije abana batagejeje kuri iyo myaka, Urukiko Rukuru rwahanishije igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10), ko hari n’izindi manza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwaciye rwongera kugabanyiriza ibihano abaregwa bari bagabanyijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru1, ko rero ukwemera icyaha kwe kwashingirwaho igihano yahanishijwe kikongera kikagabanywa, cyane cyane ko uko kwemera ari ko kwatumye ibyabaye bimenyekana. [15] Ku birebana n’imikorere y’icyaha Mushimiyimana Anastase avuga ko yemera, asobanura ko Sebanani bahuriye iwe na Ndorerayo araza agumana mu ruganiriro n’abakobwa bari

bahaje ariko nyuma ajya mu cyumba yihisha munsi y’igitanda, ko ubwo N.J yamuzaniraga telephone mu cyumba yamusambanyije, Ndorerayo nawe ava munsi y’igitanda aramusambanya arangije amushyira intoki mu gitsina ahita ataka. [16] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo mu mwanzuro wanditse bemeraga ko igihano Mushimiyimana yahanishijwe cyakongera kikagabanywa hashingiwe ku Itegeko rishya, ibiwukubiyemo bitashingirwaho ahubwo hagumaho igihano yahanishijwe kubera uburemere bw’icyaha cyakozwe bugaragazwa n’uko cyakozwe n’abantu barenze umwe no kuba barasambanyije umwana bamukuranwaho bakagera n’aho bamujomba intoki mu gutsina.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Ikibazo cyo kugabanyirizwa igihano mu gihe ariyo mpamvu y’ubujurire, cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte alias Sankara na bagenzi be. Muri urwo rubanza Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwasobanuye ko mu rwego rw’ibirego nshinjabyaha iyo abaregwa nta kindi banenga urubanza rwajuririwe, uretse kuvuga gusa ko batagabanyirijwe bihagije, buri mucamanza

1 Urubanza RPAA 00256/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 30/11/2021 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Uwamariya, n’urubanza RPAA 00038/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 23/09/2023

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ku rwego urwo arirwo rwose, yemerewe gutanga igihano mu bushishozi bwe kijyanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha ndetse n’ingaruka zacyo hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ariko ko mu bujurire, Umucamanza agomba kuzirikana ko yemerewe gusa guhindura igihano cyatanzwe n’Umucamanza wo mu Rukiko rubanza, ari uko amaze kugaragaza ko urwo Rukiko rwaba rwarakoresheje nabi itegeko cyangwa ubushishozi bwarwo mu gutanga icyo gihano. Uyu murongo ukaba warakurikijwe no mu manza zaciwe vuba, nk’urubanza RPAA 00518/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nizeyimana Martin. [18] Nk’uko byibukijwe mu miterere y’urubanza, Mushimiyimana Anastase yagabanyirijwe igihano kuva ku rwego rwa mbere hashingiwe ku kuba yaremeye icyaha ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makubyabiri (20), Urukiko Rukuru rwongera kukigabanya rushingiye ku kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranweho icyaha no kuba yaragikoze akiva mu bwana, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), rushingiye ku rubanza rw’uwitwa Ndayishimiye Emmanuel nawe wahanishijwe igifungo nk’icyo n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [19] N’ubwo Mushimiyimana Anastase yagabanyirijwe igihano kikagezwa ku gifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu(15), Urukiko rurasanga n’ubwo hatakwirengagiza ko icyaha akurikiranweho gikomeye, cyane cyane harebwe uburyo we na bagenzi

be bakoze ikintu cy’agakungu bazana abana b’abakobwa kurara mu nzu y’umusore bikaza kuvano no kugira abo basambanya, ku rundi ruhande ariko bigaragara ko impamvu nyoroshyacyaha inkiko zombi zabonye zirebewe hamwe, arizo kuba Mushimiyimana yaremeye icyaha kuva ku rwego rwa mbere, kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranweho icyaha no kuba yarakoze icyaha akiva mu bwana, zitarahawe agaciro gakwiye harebwe igihano cyatanzwe cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15), cyane cyane ko mu kukigena Urukiko rwakigereranyije n’icyahawe uwitwa Ndayishimyiye Emmanuel mu gihe bigaragara ko muri urwo rubanza impamvu nyoroshyacyaha zashingiweho ari ebyiri gusa, zo kuba ari ubwa mbere yari akurikiranyweho icyaha no kuba yari akiva mu bwana, bikanagaragara ko yari yasambanyije umwana w’imyaka cumi n’umwe (11) gusa, mu gihe uwo Mushimiyimana yasambanyije atamurutaga cyane kuko yari afite imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17), izo mpamvu zose rero zikaba zatuma igihano cyatanzwe cyongera kugabanywa. [20] Ku birebana n’igihano Mushimiyimana yahabwa, harashingirwa ku zindi manza uru Rukiko ruheruka guca ku bantu barezwe icyaha gisa n’icyo akurikiranyweho, harimo urubanza RPAA 00011/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 29/05/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Muhoza Jean de Dieu wasambanyije umwana w’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) (nk’iyo N.J yari afite), we afite imyaka 20 (nk’iyo Mushimiyimana yari afite), Urukiko rukaba rwaramugabanyirije igihano

rushingiye ku kuba yaremeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikanywa no kuba nta kinyuranyo kinini kiri hagati y’imyaka yari afite n’imyaka uwo yasambanyije yari afite, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10), bityo mu rwego rwo gutanga ubutabera busa ku bibazo bisa, icyo gihano akaba ari cyo Mushimiyimana yahabwa. B. UBUJURIRE BWA SEBANANI Evariste -Kumenya niba Sebanani Evariste atarabaye icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J [21] Sebanani Evariste n’umwunganira bavuga ko atabaye icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J nk’uko Urukiko rwabyemeje, kuko uretse kuba bivugwa n’Ubushinjacyaha nta

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mutangabuhamya wabyemeje ndetse n’abo bareganwa ntawemeje ko yamutumye umwana wo gusambanya cyangwa ngo hagaragazwe inyungu yakuyemo cyangwa yari abitezemo, ko n’abana ubwabo ntawamushinje ko yamuzanye amubwira ko amujyanye mu busambanyi, ko ahubwo abana bose bavugwa muri dosiye yabasanganye na Ndorerayo, bajyana kwa Mushimiyimana bwije asaba ko babacumbikira, ko rero nta mugambi wabayeho wo kuzana abo bana ngo basambanywe. [22] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko iyo mpamvu y’ubujurire itahabwa agaciro kuko imvugo za N.J n’iza Mushimiyimana zumvikanisha ko ari we wazanye abana bose abiziranyeho na Mushimiyimana

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [23] Ingingo ya 83 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, iteganya ko icyaha kiryozwa uwagikoze ubwe, uwafatanyije nawe kugikora cyangwa icyitso cye. [24] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, bigaragara ko ku rwego rwa mbere Urukiko rwasanze Sebanani yarabaye icyitso cya Mushimiyimana na Ndoreyaho mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J. kuko yemereye mu Bugenzacyaha ko ari we wazanye uwo mukobwa n’abandi bari kumwe kwa Mushimiyimana n’ubwo yavuze ko yabajyanyeyo mu rwego rwo kubacumbikira. Urukiko Rukuru narwo rwasanze mu Bugenzacyaha yaremeye ko ari we wazanye abo bana kwa Mushimiyimana Anastase bakahasambanyirizwa, na N.J amushinja ko ari we wahamuzanye, ko rero ari we watumye asambanywa na Mushimiyimana hamwe na Ndorerayo. [25] Uru Rukiko rurasanga n’ubwo inyandikomvugo z’abaregwa kimwe n’iz’abakorewe icyaha zidasobanura neza uburyo bageze kwa Mushimiyimana ndetse n’impamvu bahaje, inyandikomvugo za Sebanani mu nzego z’iperereza zumvikanisha ko ari we wahabazanye n’ubwo yageze mu Rukiko akabihakana. N’ubwo kandi muri izo nyandikomvugo yavugaga ko yahabazanye ngo babacumbikire, ntiyasobanuye aho abo bana bavaga n’uburyo byari ngombwa ko abasabira icumbi k’umuntu w’umusore, atanabimenyesheje ubuyobozi. [26] Urukiko rurasanga ahubwo harebwe ibyasobanuwe n’umwe muri abo bana wahawe izina rya N.M, wavuze ko

bakurikiye Sebanani bagendana (bivuze ko bari basanzwe bagendana) wababwiye ko bari burarane akabasambanya, ko yakomeje kubashuka akabageza kwa Mushimiyimana maze uyu akabereka firime (film) muri telephone, anasobanura uburyo uyu yamuhamagaye mu cyumba akamusaba ko basambana akamwangira, avuga uburyo yasambanyije N.J ubwo bo (we na N.Ph) bari basigaranye mu ruganiriro na Sebanani wabasabaga ko basambana, n’uburyo bumvise N.J atatse bakanabona Ndorerayo asohotse mu cyumba (…), bikaba byumvikana ko ari Sebanani wazanye abo bana aho hantu, kandi harebwe ibyakurikiye, bigaragaza neza ko yari yahabazanye ngo babasambanye, bikaba rero bivanaho impamvu ye y’ubujurire y’uko nta wundi muntu wabyemeje, cyane cyane ko n’iby’uko ari we wahabazanye kubacumbikishiriza yageze mu Rukiko akabihindura akavuga ko yabasanze kwa Mushimiyimana, bityo rero nta kosa Urukiko rwakoze mu kwemeza ko yabaye icyitso kuko ari we watumye N.J asambanywa na Mushimiyimana hamwe na Ndorerayo.

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-Kumenya niba Sebanani Evariste yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku kuba yaremeye icyaha [27] Sebanani Evariste n’umwunganira bavuga ko yemeye icyaha ariko ntibyashingirwaho ngo agabanyirizwe igihano, ko ikibazo yagize ari ukutamenya ko gukorakora amabere y’umwana ari igikorwa kigize icyaha cyo kumusambanya, ariko ko aburana yabyemeye ndetse ibyo yemeye bishingirwaho mu kumuhamya icyaha, ko rero byari kumubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha akagabanyirizwa igihano, hakanashingirwa ku kuba nta ngaruka zikomeye icyaha cyateje nk’uko ibizamini byakozwe byabigaragaje, no kuba ari ubwa mbere yari akoze icyaha, ko kandi Urukiko rwajuririwe rutabujijwe kugabanya igihano hagatangwa igihwanye n’uburemere bw’icyaha nk’uko byemejwe mu manza uru Rukiko rwaciye. [28] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko n’ubwo mu mwanzuro wanditse bemeraga ko Sebanani yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko ateye intambwe akemera ibikorwa yakoze, uwo mwanzuro utashingirwaho kuko ibyo avuga ko yemeye icyaha atari byo, kuko haba ku rwego rwa mbere no mu bujurire bwa mbere ntaho yigeze yemera icyaha, kandi kwemera mu bujurire bikaba bitamugirira akamaro.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [29] Ikibazo kirebana no kwemera icyaha cyatenzweho umurongo n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RPAA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe ku wa 04/04/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nsabimana Callixte n’abandi, uwo murongo ukaba uvuga ko kwemera gushobora gutuma uregwa agabanyirizwa igihano ari ugukozwe byibura mbere y’uko iburanisha ku rwego rwa mbere ripfundikirwa, kudashidikanywaho, uwemera akagaragaza ko yumva uburemere bw’ibikorwa yemera n’ingaruka zabyo, abyicuza, abisabira imbabazi no kuba yiteguye gusubiza ibyo yangije uko abitegerejweho. Uwo murongo wagiye ukurikizwa mu zindi manza zaciwe vuba, nk’urubanza RPAA 00544/2023/CA rwaciwe ku wa 25/09/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Muvunyi Claude. [30] Nk’uko dosiye ibigaragaza, Sebanani abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha yemeye ko yasabye umwana twahaye izina rya N.Ph ko basambana aramwangira, ariko ko yamukorakoye amabere, ageze mu Bushinjacyaha arabihakana, akomeza guhakana ageze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Rusizi ndetse no mu bujurire bwa mbere akomeza kuvuga ko nta cyaha yakoze, cyaba icyo kuba icyitso mu cyaha cyo gusambanya N.J cyangwa icyo gusambanya abandi bana bari kumwe. [31] Urukiko rurasanga rero, iby’uko yakoze ku mabere y’abana bari basigaranye mu ruganiriro kwa Mushimiyimana anabasaba ko basambana bakamwangira, ntabyo yemereye mu Rukiko, kuko n’ibyo yari yemereye mu Bugenzacyaha yabihakanye kuva mu Bushinjacyaha, bivuze rero

ko atanenga Urukiko kuba rutaramugabanyirije igihano rushingiye ku kwemera icyaha kuko ntaho yigeze acyemera, kandi n’iyo byafatwa ko yacyemeye kuri uru rwego bikaba ntacyo byamumarira nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 26/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana Jean Paul. [32] Urukiko rurasanga ariko ku birebana n’icyaha Sebanani yakoze, n’ubwo mu rubanza rujuririrwa kimwe n’urwarubanjirije havugwamo ko Sebanani yasambanyije abana babiri (N.M na N.Ph), ibimenyetso bihari bigaragaza ko hasambanyijwe N.Ph wenyine, kuko no mu nyandikomvugo ya Sebanani mu Bugenzacyaha yavuze ko ari we yasabye ko basambana akanga

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a ko kandi ari we yakorakoye ku mabere, uwo mwana nawe avuga ko Sebanani yamukorakoye ku mabere nk’iminota icumi anamusaba ko basambana, naho N.M akaba atarigeze avuga iby’uko yamukoze ku mabere ahubwo yavuze gusa ko ubwo yari kumwe na N.Ph, yabasabye ko baryamana baramwangira, bivuze rero ko mu by’ukuri nta cyaha yakoreye uwo mwana. [33] Ku birebana n’igihano Sebanani yahanishijwe, Urukiko rurasanga n’ubwo hatashingirwa ku kwemera icyaha nk’impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, hari izindi mpamvu zashingirwaho igihano yahawe kikaba cyagabanywa, harimo kuba yarakoze icyaha akiva mu bwana kuko yari afite imyaka cumi n’umunani (18), bivuze ko yari agifite imitekerereze y’abo mu kigero cy’abana, akaba ndetse atararutaga cyane umwana yasambanyije (N.Ph) kuko yari afite imyaka 16, izo mpamvu rero zikaba zashingirwaho igihano yahawe kikagabanywa. [34] Ku birebana n’igihano yahabwa, Urukiko rurasanga nk’uko cyagabanyijwe ku birebana na Mushimiyimana Anastase hashingiwe ku rubanza RPAA 00011/2024/CA rwaciwe ku wa 29/05/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Muhoza Jean de Dieu wasambanyije umwana w’imyaka 17 we afite imyaka 20 agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10) kubera ko yemeye icyaha no kuba atararutaga cyane uwo yasambanyije, bityo hashingiwe ku mpamvu nyoroshyacyaha zagaragajwe haruguru (igika cya 32) no kuba bombi barakoze icyaha bari mu kigero kimwe n’abakobwa basambanyije bari mu kigero kimwe, bagombye guhanwa kimwe ariko bitewe n’uko ukwemera icyaha kwa Sebanani kutamubera impamvu nyoroshyacyaha nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, yahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’umwe (11), bityo imikirize y’urubanza yajuririye ikaba ihindutse ku birebana n’igihano yari yahanishijwe. C. UBUJURIRE BWA NDORERAYO EMMANUEL

-Kumenya niba Urukiko rwaragombaga kumva abatangabuhamya ba Ndorerayo no kumenya niba rwarashingiye ku mvugo zivuguruzanya [35] Ndorerayo Emmanuel n’umwunganira bavuga ko Urukiko rwanze kubaza abatangabuhamya bari kumwe kandi ubuhamya bwabo aribwo bwari kuba ikimenyetso kimara impaka, abo batangabuhamya akaba ari Mayegere Samuel wari umukuru w’Umudugudu, Ntawuziyaremye Etienne wari ushinzwe umutekano na Buhungu Emmanuel, abo batangabuhamya bakaba bari kumwe ubwo N.J na bagenzi be bavuzaga induru, bakaba rero bari kwemeza ko atari kwa Mushimiyimana. [36] Bavuga kandi ko Urukiko rwashingiye ku mvugo za Mushimiyimana n’iza N.J kandi zivuguruzanya, kuko Mushimiyimana yavuze ko Ndorerayo yavuye munsi y’igitanda ashaka gusambanya N.J, mu gihe N.J yavuze ko Ndorerayo yamusambanyije inshuro ebyiri akanamushyira intoki mu gitsina, ko rero ubwo buhamya butagombaga gushingirwaho kuko bushidikanywaho. Ndorerayo avuga kandi ko ibikubiye mu nyandikomvugo ye by’uko yemeye ko yari munsi y’igitanda ari ibyo bamwandikiye kuko atazi gusoma. [37] Uhagararaiye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko izo mpamvu z’ubujurire nta shingiro zifite, kuko mu Rukiko Rukuru nta mutangabuhamya Ndorerayo yasabye ko yabazwa ahubwo yasabye ko hakorwa iperereza ko kandi Urukiko ari rwo rusuzuma niba ari ngombwa gukora iperereza. Avuga kandi ko abatangabuhamya bahageze N.J yarangije gusambanywa, bakaba nta gishya bari kuvuga

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kirenze ibyagezweho mu iperereza, cyane cyane ko N. J akimara gusambanywa ndetse na Ndorerayo Emmanuel amaze kumushyira intoki mu gitsina, yahise avuga ko agiye kumurega muri RIB, Ndorerayo ahita yitanguranwa ajya kubwira abayobozi ko kwa Mushimiyimana Anastse hari abana bari kuhasambanyirizwa. [38] Avuga kandi ko nta kwivuguruza kuri mu mvugo za Mushimiyimana n’iza N.J kuko ibyo buri wese yavuze byumvikanisha ko habayeho igikorwa cyo gusambanya umwana.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA -Kuba Urukiko rutarabajije abatangabuhamya [39] Nk’uko imikirize y’urubazna ibigaragaza, mu byo Ndoreyayo yanengaga imikirize y’urubanza rwa mbere, hari ukuba Urukiko rutarakoze iperereza, mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire bwe naho akaba yarasabaga ko habazwa abantu bari kumwe bajya kureba iby’induru yavugiraga kwa Mushimiyimana aribo Mayegere Samuel wari umukuru w’Umudugudu wa Muhiza, Ntawuziyambonye Etienne wari ushinzwe umutekano muri uwo Mudugudu n’abandi baturage babiri babyukije. [40] Ikibazo cyo gukora iperereza cyangwa kubaza abatangabuhamya cyatanzweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPAA 010/09/CS rwaciwe ku wa 09/03/2012 aho rwemeje ko Urukiko rudategetswe gukora iperereza cyangwa se kubaza abatangabuhamya igihe cyose bisabwe n’umuburanyi iyo rwumva ibimenyetso rwashyikirijwe bihagije kandi n’ababuranyi bahawe umwanya wo kubyisobanuraho. [41] Hashingiwe ku byemejwe muri urwo rubanza, uru Rukiko rurasanga n’ubwo Urukiko Rukuru rutavuze impamvu rutumvise abatangabuhamya Ndorerayo yifuzaga, rutari rutegetswe kubikora mu gihe rwagaragaje ko ibimenyetso bihari bimushinja icyaha akurikiranweho, bigizwe no kuba ashinjwa na Mushimiyimana Emmanuel ndetse n’umwana wasambanyijwe (N.J) kuko bombi bemeje ko Ndorerayo nawe yamusambanyije arangije amujomba intoki mu gitsina, bigashimangirwa na raporo ya muganga yagaragaje ko yakomerekejwe mu gitsina, no

kuba Ndorerayo yaremeye ko igihe Mushimiyimana yasambanyaga uwo mwana yari yihishe munsi y’igitanda kandi ntabashe gusobanura uburyo yahageze. [42] Uru Rukiko narwo rurasanga atari ngombwa kubaza abatangabuhamya Ndorerayo avuga, kuko avuga ko bakwemeza ko bari kumwe ubwo induru yavugiraga kwa Mushimiyimana, nyamara abatangabuhamya babajijwe igihe cy’iperereza barimo n’uwari Umukuru w’Umudugudu wa Muhiza witwa Sibomana Samuel, yasobanuye ko yahamagawe na Ndorerayo avuga ko yahoze mu nzu yasambanyirijwemo abana, ajyana n’abandi basanga abana b’abakobwa hamwe na Sebanani Evariste na Mushimiyimana Anastase, ko basanze Ndorerayo yahavuye amaze gusambana umwana umwe (N.J) yanamukojeje intoki mu gitsina. Undi mutangabuhamya witwa Murwanashyaka Evariste nawe yavuze ko Ndorerayo yabahuruje ababwira ko hari abana bari gusambanywa na Mushimiyimana na Sebanani, ko bagezeyo bagasanga nawe yabigizemo uruhare. Ibyo abo batangabuhamya bavuze byumvikanisha rero ko Ndorerayo yagiye guhuruza abayobozi avuye kwa Mushimiyimana nk’uko nawe yabisobanuye mu nyandikomvugo yo mu Bugenzacyaha, kuko yavuze ko N.J amaze kuvuga ko ajya kumurega muri RIB, yagiye gushaka abayobozi, bikanahura n’imvugo za N.Ph kuko nawe yavuze ko N.J azinduka ajya kurega

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NDORERAYO maze uyu aritanguranwa ajya guhamagara abayobozi, bityo ibyo Ndorerayo avuga ko abatangabuhamya bari kwemeza bikaba nta shingiriro bifite. -Ku birebana no kwivuguruza [43] Ku birebana n’uko imvugo za Mushimiyimana n’iza N.J zivuguruzanya ngo bityo zikaba zishidikanywaho, Urukiko rurasanga nta kwivuguruza kuri mu mvugo zabo kuko icyumvikanamo kandi ari cyo kirebana n’icyaha Ndorerayo ashinjwa, ari uko habayeho igikorwa cyo gusambanya N.J, haba bakoreshejwe intoki cyangwa kumusambanya nyirizina, kuko ibikorwa byombi bigize icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 133 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu, ivuga ko ibikorwa bigize icyaha cyo gusambanya umwana bigizwe no gushyira igitsina mu gitsina, mu kibuno cyangwa mu kanwa k’umwana; gushyira urugingo urwo arirwo rwose rw’umubiri w’umuntu mu gitsina cyangwa mu kibuno cy’umwana; gukora ikindi gikorwa cyose ku mubiri w’umwana hagamije ishimishamubiri. [44] Urukiko rurasanga rero ubujurire bwa Ndorerayo nta shingiro bufite, ariko nk’uko byakozwe kubo bareganwa hakaba hasuzumwa niba igihano yahawe gikwiranye n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze. [45] Imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ibigaragaza Uruko rwagumijeho igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) Ndorerayo yahanishijwe ku rwego rwa mbere, cyagenwe hashingiwe ku kuba Itegeko

riteganya igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka makumyabiri (20) ariko kitarenze imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) ku cyaha yakoze, bikumvikana rero ko hatabayeho gusuzuma niba ari cyo gikwiranye n’icyaha yakoze, kuko n’ubwo hatakwirengagizwa ko ari icyaha gikomeye, umwironndoro we utagaragaza ko hari ikindi cyaha yigeze akurikiranwaho, bivuze ko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi, iyo mpamvu rero ikaba yarashoboraga gushingirwaho igihano yahawe kikagabanywa. [46] Mu kugabanya icyo gihano, Urukiko rurashingira ku zindi manza zaciwe ku bantu barezwe icyaha nk’icyo Ndorerayo akurikiranyweho, harimo urubanza RPAA 00460/2022/CA rwaciwe ku wa 19/04/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Habinshuti Théogène wari ufite imyaka makumyabiri n’icyenda (29) agasambanya umwana w’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) , Urukiko rukaba rwaramugabanyirije igihano rushingiye ku kuba yaremeye icyaha kuva agifatwa no kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itatu (13); bityo hashingiwe ku kuba Ndorerayo nawe ari ubwa mbere akurikiranywe mu nkiko mu buryo buzwi, akaba kandi yarakoze icyaha ari mu kigero kimwe na Habinshuti kuko yari afite imyaka mirongo itatu (30) bombi kandi bakaba barasambanyije umwana w’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17), bagombye kugabanyirizwa ibihano mu buryo bumwe, ariko kuba we ataremeye icyaha, akaba yahabwa igihano gisumbye gato icyo Habinshuti yahanishijwe, cy’imyaka cumi n’ine (14), bityo urubanza rwajuririwe rukaba ruhindutse gusa ku birebana n’igihano yari yahanishijwe. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [47] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Mushimiyimana Anastase bugamije kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano bufite ishingiro;

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[48] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Sebanani Evariste bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe; [49] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Ndorerayo Emmanuel nta shingiro bufite; [50] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza RPA 00334/2020/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 24/03/2023 ihindutse ku birebana n’ibihano abaregwa bari bahanishijwe; [51] Ruhanishije Mushimiyimana Anastase igifungo cy’imyaka icumi (10); [52] Ruhanishije Sebanani Evariste igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’umwe (11); [53] Ruhanishije Ndorerayo Emmanuel igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’ine (14); [54] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta kuko abaregwa bose bajuriye bafunze, bakaba basonewe kuyatanga.