UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKARWEGO N’UNDI

UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKARWEGO N’UNDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-09-27 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00255/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v MUKARWEGO N’UNDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE - RPAA 00255/2024/CA (Ndahayo, J.P) 27 Nzeri 2024] Amategeko agenga imanza z’inshinjabyaha – Kutaburanishwa inshuro ebyri ku cyaha kimwe - Ukekwaho icyaha, ntiyavuga ko yakiburanishijweho mu gihe atigeze ahamagazwa n’Urukiko ngo aburane kuri icyo cyaha akekwaho maze ahamwe nacyo cyangwa akigirweho umwere. Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Ibimenyetso – Imvugo z’abatangabuhamya - Mu manza nshinjabyaha, Urukiko nirwo rusuzuma agaciro gakwiye guhabwa imvugo z’abatangabuhamya nk’ibimenyetso bishinja, kandi kuba bavuga ibitandukanye gato, ntibyafatwa nko kuvuguruzanya hagamije gutesha agaciro ireme ry’ubwo buhamya. Incamake y’ikibazo: Mukarwego na Ntabwoba bafatiwe mu mujyi wa Kigali bakekwaho ko bafatanyije na Sankara na Mutabazi mu kwica uwitwa Simba wiciwe i Goma muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC). Sankara na Mutabazi baburanishijwe n’inkiko zo muri RDC bahamwa n’icyo cyaha. Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rubakurikiranaho ibyo byaha, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko abaregwa bahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi, ubufatanyacyaha ku cyaha cyo gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’icyaha cyo gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano babizi, rutegeka ko bahanishwa igifungo cya burundu. Abaregwa bajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru bavuga ko bahaniwe icyaha batakoze

maze Urukiko Rukuru rusanga ibimenyetso byashingiweho mu kubahamya ibyaha bifite ishingiro kuri bimwe bahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi ariko icyo gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo no gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano ubizi bitabahama, rubahanisha buri wese igifungo cy’imyaka 25. Mukarwego na Ntabwoba, na none ntibanyuzwe n’icyo cyemezo maze bakijurira mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire bavuga ko inkiko zabanje zagiye zibahamya ibyaha zishingiye ku buhamya buvuguruzanya. Urukiko rwasuzumye ikibazo cyo kumenya niba Mukarwego na Ntabwoba baraburanye muri RDC ndetse bakagirwa abere bakaba batakongera gukurikiranwa n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda no kumenya niba abaregwa barahamijwe icyaha kandi nta bimenyetso bihagije bishingiweho. Abaregwa bajuriye muri urubanza basobanura ko icyaha bakurikiranyweho bakiburanishijweho n’inkiko zo muri RDC kuko bari bari ku rutonde rw’abantu bose ubushinjacyaha bwareze ariko nyuma ubwo bushinjacyaha bubakuraho ntibwakomeza kubakurikirana, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza ko icyo cyaha bakiburanishijweho. Bakomeza bavuga ko kandi mu kubahamya ibyaha, Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku buhamya buvuguruzanya kuko umuhamya witwa Mutabazi yatanze ubuhamya buvuguruza ubwo yatanze mbere aho yasobanuye ko ibyo yavuze mbere yabitewe n’iterabwoba yashyizweho. Ubushinjacyaha busobanura ko Ntabwoba na Mukarwego batigeze baburana muri RDC kuko ubushinjacyaha, bwabakurikiranagaho icyaha cya ‘’Association des malfaiteurs’’ bwabakuye ku rutonde rw’abo rwashinjaga icyaha mu gihe ubu bakurikiranyweho icyaha cy’ubufatanyaha mu cyaha cy’ubwicanyi bityo bakaba baburanishwa n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda. Bukomeza buvuga ko ubuhamya bwose bwashingiweho ari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho kuko byabonetse mu buryo bukurikije amategeko.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Ukekwaho icyaha, ntiyavuga ko yakiburanishijweho mu gihe atigeze ahamagazwa n’Urukiko ngo aburane kuri icyo cyaha akekwaho maze ahamwe nacyo cyangwa akigirweho umwere.

2. Mu manza nshinjabyaha, urukiko nirwo rusuzuma agaciro gakwiye guhabwa imvugo z’abatangabuhamya nk’ibimenyetso bishinja, kandi kuba bavuga ibitandukanye gato, ntibyafatwa nko kuvuguruzanya hagamije gutesha agaciro ireme ry’ubwo buhamya. Ubujurire bwatanzwe nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ryahinduwe n’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023, ingingo ya 7. Imanza zifashishijwe: RPAA 0117/07/CS, Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt Biziyaremye na Cpl Ngabonziza, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/07/2010; RPAA 00044/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Migambi Vianney, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/12/2023. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 16/03/2021, Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou bafatiwe mu Murenge wa Kimihurura-Gasabo-Umujyi wa Kigali, bakekwaho ko bafatanije n’abandi bantu bari mu gihugu cya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo kwica umuntu witwa Simba Ngezayo hakaba hakekwa ko yamwishe kubera ibibazo by’amasambu yari afitanye na Mukarwego, uyu akaba akekwa kuba ari nawe washatse abagombaga kumwica, akabagenera n’igihembo abifashijwemo na musaza we witwa Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou baregwa hamwe, n’uwitwa Sankara na Mutabazi Abdoul bakurikiranywe n’inkiko zo mu gihugu cya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Nyuma

y’iperereza, Ubushinjacyaha bwabakurikiranyeho mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, ku byaha byavuzwe haruguru kuri buri wese, busaba ko byabahama, bakabihanirwa. [2] Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, baburanye bahakana ibyaha bavuga ko abatangabuhamya babashinja ntaho baziranye nabo, ahubwo ko aribo biyemereye gukora icyaha ariko bakaba bakibagerekaho bababeshyera, kandi nta mpamvu bari bafite yo kwica uwo muntu. Bakomeza basobanura ko ibyangombwa bafatanywe atari ibihimbano kuko bavukiye muri RDC, akaba ari naho babaga banahakorera. [3] Mu rubanza No RP 01150/2021/TGI/GSBO, rwaciwe ku wa 04/03/2022, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo rushingiye ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bashinja Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou kwica Simba Ngezayo, rushingiye ku nyandiko zigaragaza guhamagarana kwabo kuri telefone n’ibyangombwa bafatanywe bya RDC

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bakoreshaga kandi atari abakongomani, rushingiye kukuba bashyizeho itsinda ryo kwica Simba bategura uwo mugambi kandi bawugeraho, rwemeje ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi, Ubufanyacyaha ku cyaha cyo gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’icyaha cyo gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano abizi, rutegeka ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu muri gereza, rwemeza ko Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou ahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi, icyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi n’icyaha cyo gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano abizi, rutegeka ko Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou ahanishwa igifungo cya burundu muri gereza. [4] Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, bajuririye imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, bavuga ko bajuriye kubera ko bahaniwe ibyaha batakoze kuko ubuhamya bwashingiweho bwa Mutabazi, yavuze ko yabuvuze kubera iyicarubozo kandi ko abo babashinja barimo Sankara ntaho baziranye nabo, ko ibyo Sankara abashinja ari ibihimbano. [5] Bakomeza basobanura ko ibijyanye n’itumanaho rya telephone, ko ntaho bigeze bahamagarana nabo, ko batazi aho ibyo byavuye kandi ko ngo nta mutwe w’abagizi ba nabi bakoze kuko ntaho bari baziranye na Sankara na Mutabazi kandi ko nta byangombwa bahimbye kuko bari babifite nk’abakongomani kuko bavukiye, bakurira, bakora

mu gihugu cya Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo, bityo rero basaba ko hakwemezwa ko ari abere. [6] Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko ubujurire bwabo nta shingiro bwahabwa, kuko batavuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho bibahamya icyaha, kuko abo bafatanyije icyaha barimo Sankara na Mutabazi babashinja basobanura uburyo ari Mukarwego wabasabye kuzica Simba Ngezayo ababwira ko kugirango atazamenyekana bazajya bavugana na musaza we Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, kandi ko ngo hagenzuwe mu itumanaho basanga abo baravuganye kuri telefone n’abaregwa mbere, ku munsi na nyuma icyaha cyakoreweho kandi bakaba badahakana ko izo numero za telefone ari izabo. [7] Mu rubanza No RPA 00428/2022/HC/KIG, rwaciwe, ku wa 12/03/2023, Urukiko Rukuru nyuma yo gusesengura impamvu z’ubujurire za Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, ndetse n’ibimenyetso byashingiweho n’Urukiko mu rwego rwa mbere mu kubahamya ibyaha, rwasanze ibimenyetso byashingiweho mukubahamya ibyaha bifite ishingiro kuri bimwe, rwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza N° RP 01150/2021/TGI/GSBO, rwaciwe ku wa 04/03/2022 n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, ihindutse kuri bimwe, rwemeza ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou bahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi ariko icyo gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo no gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano ubizi bitabahama,

rubahanisha buri wese igifungo cy’imyaka 25. [8] Urukiko Rukuru mu gufata icyemezo, rwashingiye ku kuba Sankara na Mutabazi barashinje abaregwa ko babahaye ikiraka babizeza kuzabishyura; rusanga kuba abaregwa bahakana imvugo za Sankara wabashinje bashingiye ko Mutabazi atabashinja anavuga ko atabazi; ibyo ariko bitahabwa ishingiro kuko rwasanze yari yarabyemeye mu mabazwa ye yambere n’ubwo nyuma yagiye abihakana, ibyo rero bikaba bitatuma izo mvugo ze zitashingirwaho. Ku bijyanye

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n’inyandiko z’itumanaho nazo rwasanze kuzishingiraho nta mategeko byishe bituma, rwemeza ko icyaha cy’ubwicanyi kibahama bose. [9] Ku bijyanye n’ubufatanyacyaha mu cyaha cyo kurema umutwe w’iterabwoba, Urukiko rwasanze kitabahama kubera ko ubushinjacyaha nta bimenyetso bwatanze. Rubihuza n’umurongo watanzwe urubanza Nº RPAA 00098/2020/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 06/01/2023 haburana Ubushinjacyaha v. Cpl Shyaka Védaste n’undi, aho urwo rukiko rw’ubujurire rwagaragaje ko kugira ngo abashinjwa bahamwe n’icyaha cyo kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi bagomba kuba barashinze umutwe ugamije gukora ibyaha, Ubushinjacyaha bukaba bufite inshingano yo gutanga ibimenyetso byerekana ko icyaha bakurikiranyweho kiri mu ntego rusange z’uwo mutwe. [10] Ubushinjacyaha hamwe n’abaregwa, bajuririye imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire ndetse no mu miburanire yabwo, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko hari inenge mu rubanza rujuririrwa aho Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ibimenyetso bwatanze bigaragaza uko abaregwa baremye umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi kugeza aho umugambi wabo wo kwica Simba ugerwaho. Bukomeza busaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kabahamya icyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo kugirango bibafashe kumenya ububi bw’ibyaha bakoze ndetse binabere isomo abandi. [11] Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias

Doudou, mu bujurire bwabo bunganiwe na Me Twayigize Jean Claude, Me Mucyesha David na Me Mugeni Josephine, bavuga ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwashingiye ku buhamya bwa Sankara na Mutabazi mu kubahamya icyaha nyamara buvuguruzanya, bukaba budakwiye gushingirwaho kuko burimo gushidikanya. Urukiko kandi ngo rwanashingiye kuri “releves telephoniques” kandi ngo bararugaragarije ko zifite inenge. Bakaba basaba ko hemezwa ko ari abere. [12] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko impamvu zabo z’ubujurire zidafite ishingiro kuko usibye gusubiramo ibyo baburanishije mu Rukiko Rukuru, nta gishya bazanye mu rukiko rw’Ubujurire ndetse bakaba batabasha no kuvuguruza ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha byashingiweho mukubahamya icyaha. Busaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwemeza ko imikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe ihinduka gusa ku bijyanye n’icyaha cyo kurema umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi nk’uko Ubushinjacyaha bwakijuririye. [13] Mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00255/2024/CA, rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame ku itariki ya 06/06/2024, rusubikwa kubera ko Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu yari arwaye, rwimurirwa ku wa 04/09/2024, Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice yunganiwe na Me Twayigize Jean Claude na Me Mucyesha David, Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou yunganiwe na Me Mugeni Josephine, Me Bizimana Shoshi, naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na PN Habimana Jean Cabin, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [14] Ku munsi w’iburanisha ry’uru rubanza ku wa 04/09/2024, Uhagarariye bushinjacyaha yabwiye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko Ubushinjacyaba buretse ubujurire bwabwo ku cyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo kuko bwasanze nta mpamvu zo gukomeza kukiburana.

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[15] Abandi baburanyi babajijwe icyo bavuga ku kureka ubujurire bikozwe n’Ubushinjacyaha ku cyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo, bavuga ko babyemeye kandi ko babyakiriye neza ntacyo bahinduraho. [16] Urukiko ruhereye kuri izo mpaka, rusanga ibibazo bikwiye gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ari ibi bikurikira:  Ibyerekeye kureka ikirego cy’ubujurire ku byerekeye icyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo kwakozwe n’ubushinjacyaha  Kumenya niba Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou baraburanye muri DRC ndetse bakagirwa abere bakaba batakongera gukurikiranwa n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda;  Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi, nta bimenyetso bihagije bikibashinja. II. ISESENGURWA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA  Ibyerekeye kureka ikirego cy’ubujurire ku byerekeye icyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo kwakozwe n’ubushinjacyaha [17] Ku munsi w’iburanisha ry’uru rubanza ku wa 04/09/2024, Uhagarariye bushinjacyaha yabwiye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko Ubushinjacyaba buretse ubujurire bwabwo ku cyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo kuko bwasanze nta mpamvu zo gukomeza kukiburana muri Court of Appeal, cyane

ko icyaha bakomeje gukurikiranaho abaregwa ari icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi, kandi ko kiramutse kibahamye n’ubundi ntacyo byahindura ku gihano cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25 ans) abaregwa bahawe mu Rukiko Rukuru. [18] Abandi baburanyi babajijwe icyo bavuga ku kureka ubujurire bikozwe n’Ubushinjacyaha ku cyaha cy’ubufanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo bwakurikiranagaho Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, bavuze ko babyemeye kandi ko babyakiriye neza ntacyo bahinduraho. Uko Urukiko Rubibona [19] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hashingiwe ku biteganyijwe mu ngingo ya 189 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha ryahinduwe n’Itegeko Nº 058/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023, aho iteganya ko «Ubushinjacyaha bushobora kureka ikirego cy’ubujurire mu gihe busanga atari ngombwa gukurikirana uwo bwakekagaho icyaha », nta cyabuza kwemerwa k’uko kureka ubujurire ku byarekeye icyaha cy’ ubufatanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo kwakozwe n’ubushinjacyaha.

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 Kumenya niba Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou baraburanye muri DRC ndetse bakagirwa abere bakaba batakongera gukurikiranwa n’inkiko zo mu Rwanda. [20] Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 04/09/2024, Me Twayigize Jean Claude wunganira Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice yavuze ko abaregwa muri uru rubanza aribo Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou bari mu baregwa mu rubanza No RP 302/22 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwa Kinshasa (Cour Militaire de Kinshasa) muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC), kandi ntakigaragaza ko urwo Rukiko rwabakuye mu baregwa, kandi ntibahamijwe ibyaha (condanée), bivuze ko bagizwe abere, ariko kandi kuba bari mu Rwanda bakurikiranwa kuri ibyo bya byaha n’ubundi, binyuranyije n’ihame ry’amategeko rya Ne Bis In Idem, kuko kuba, Simba yarishwe ku wa 3/11/2020, nyuma y’iperereza n’ubushishozi inkiko za Congo zikaba zaragaragaje abamwishe bakanabihanirwa, Mukarwego na Ntabwoba ntibahanwe, bivuze ko bagizwe abere. [21] Akomeza asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ko mu gufata icyemezo rwazashingira kuri feuillet 350 numero 41 na 42 y’urwo rubanza rwabereye muri Congo, aho agaragaza ko abaregwa muri uru rubanza batahamwe n’icyaha baregwaga muri Congo kandi bavugwamo. Yongera kuvuga ko ashingira kuri feuillet 359, na 365, paragraphes 3 za nyuma z’urwo rubanza kuko rwavuze ko nta kigaragaza ko bakoze

icyaha. Bityo, ko ku bijyanye n’ihame rya Non Bis In Idem rivuga ko ntawe ukurikiranwa ku cyaha kimwe inshuro zirenze imwe, bityo rero ngo kuba iki ari icyemezo cy’Urukiko kandi Ubushinjacyaha butagihakana, abaregwa badakwiye kongera gukurikiranwaho. [22] Me Twayigize Jean Claude yabajijwe aho mu rubanza No RP 302/22 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwa Kinshasa (Cour Militaire de Kinshasa) rwavuze abaregwa muri uru rubanza no kugaragaza imiburanire yabo cyangwa niba barahamagajwe muri urwo rubanza asubiza ko kuba ntakigaragaza ko batumijwe ngo baburanishwe bikurikije amategeko, ryaba ari ikosa rya procedure kandi ko ridakuraho ko urwo Rukiko rwagize abere Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, ndetse yongeraho ko Mukarwego na Ntabwoba bashobora kuba barababuranishije badahari. [23] Me Twayigize Jean Claude na none yabajijwe niba hari aho bigaragara ko Urukiko rwafashe icyemezo cyo kuburanisha badahari (par défaut), asubiza ko batabihakana cyangwa ngo babyemeze kubera ko muri uru rubanza hashobora kuba harimo amakosa menshi. Asaba Urukiko kuzareba na none kuri page 363, (copie de jugement) yo muri Congo, hagaragazwa abagomba gukurikiranwa n’abagizwe abere. Asoza asaba Urukiko kuzareba no kuri feuillet 401 nayo iriho icyemezo bafatiwe, rukemeza ko badakwiye kongera gukurikiranwa. [24] Me Bizimana Shoshi wunganira Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice, avuga

ko urubanza rwabereye muri Congo abahamwa n’icyaha baragihamwa ndetse baranagihanirwa, akomeza avuga ko abaregwa muri uru rubanza batari gukurikiranwa kabiri, kandi hari principle ya Ne bis in Idem na Autorité dela Chose jugée, kuko Ubushinjacyaha butakabaye bugikurikiranye aba baregwa ahubwo ngo hakabaye hasabwa Exequatur. [25] Me Bizimana Shoshi akomeza avuga ko, acte d’accusation yo muri Congo igaragaza imyirondoro yabo (Mukarwego na Ntabwoba), agasanga kuba barakurikiranwe muri Congo, bakagirwa abere, bagakomeza gukurikiranwa na hano mu Rwanda, atumva neza ikiri inyuma y’ibi

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bintu, akongera akibaza niba abaregwa Ntabwoba na Mukarwego baba bagikurikiranwe kuri association de malfaiteur kandi yavuyeho, ndetse ari nabyo abaregwa bari bakurikiranyweho. Bityo rero, ngo ko kuba iki cyaha kitarabahamye muri Congo yaba no mu Rwanda ntikigomba kubahama. [26] Me Mugeni Josephine wunganira Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu nawe yavuze ko nk’uko bigaragara kuri Feuillet ya 402 Urukiko rwavuze ko abahamwe n’ibyaha ari 3 gusa, ibyo ngo bikaba bivuze ko uretse abahamwe n’icyaha ndetse bakagihanirwa, abandi bose hemejwe ko ari abere. Asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou baburanye muri Congo ndetse ngo hamezwa ko ari abere. [27] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha PN Habimana Jean Cabin, avuga ko kuba abunganiye abaregwa bavuga ko Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu na Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice ari abere bashingiye kuri principe ya No bis In idem, na authorité dela chose jugée, bitangaje kuko, kuba Avocats basobanuye ko Urukiko rwo muri Congo rwemeje ko abaregwa bagizwe abere kandi ntaho bigaragara ko Ntabwoba na Mukarwego baburanye muri Congo, kandi nta n’aho rwavuze ko bagizwe abere. [28] Akomeza asobanura ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu Alias Doudou batavuzwe mu rubanza rwabereye muri Congo nk’abaregwa, ahubwo bavuzwe nk’abahuye na Sankara na Mutabazi, kuko urukiko rwo muri Congo rwari ruzi ko Mukarwego

na Ntabwoba bazakurikiranwa mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda. Bityo, kuba batarahamwe n’icyaha muri congo bitabagira abere mu nkiko zo mu Rwanda. [29] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha kandi, yasabye uru Rukiko kuzasuzuma list y’abarezwe muri Congo, aho ruzabona ko icyaha kivugwamo cyari « association de malfaiteur », mu gihe icyaha bakurikiranweho ubu ari ubufatanyacyaha mu cyaha cy’ubwicanyi. Naho ku bijyanye n’ibyavuzwe n’abunganira abaregwa bise amakosa ya procedure yabereye muri urwo Rukiko rwo muri Congo, nta shingiro byahabwa asaba Urukiko kuzemeza ko Ntabwoba na Mukarwego bataburaniye muri Congo, asaba Urukiko kuzabifatira icyemezo.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [30] Ingingo ya 7 y’Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ryahinduwe n’Itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 iteganya ko « Nta muntu ushobora guhanwa inshuro zirenze imwe ku cyaha kimwe nyir’izina yakoze ». [31] Dosiye igaragaza ko mu rubanza No RP 302/22 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwa Kinshasa (Cour Militaire de Kinshasa) muri Congo ku rupapuro rwa 348, ku mutwe wiswe “1.1. Première infraction d’association des malfaiteurs”, rwanditse mu buryo bukurikira: “Le premier grand pillier de cette thèse postule que, les prévenus se sont constitués en une association formée dans le but de préparer ou de commettre l'assassinat de Simba Ngezayo, à Goma, Ville et Chef- lieu de la province du Nord Kivu, en République Démoctatique du Congo aucourant de l'année 2020. Les prévenus qui en sont concernés sont les suivants:” ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda, ni ukuvuga ko icya mbere cy’ingenzi ari uko abaregwa baremye umutwe ugamije gutegura cyangwa kwica Simba Ngezayo, mu mujyi wa Goma mu murwa mukuru wa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, muri Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo ahagana mu mwaka wa 2020. Abaregwa ni

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abakurikira (hakozwe urutonde rugizwe n’abantu 65 harimo na Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice kuri numero 41 naho Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou kuri numero 42. [32] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko mu rubanza No RP 302/22 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwa Kinshasa (Cour Militaire de Kinshasa) muri Congo ku rupapuro rwa 353, rwanditse mu magambo akurikira: “Dans son réquisitoire écrit et développé à l'audience publique, le Ministère Publique, tout en sollicitant l’acquittement des certains prévenus, a sollicitè de la cour la condanmation de quarante autres, dont les noms suivent:” ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda bishatse kuvuga ko mu nyandiko y’ubushinjacyaha isaba Urukiko kugira abere bamwe mu baregwa, bwasabye Urukiko guhamya icyaha abandi mirongo ine bakurikira (ahakozwe urutonde rutarimo Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou). [33] Dosiye igaragaza na none ko mu rubanza No RP 302/22 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwa Kinshasa (Cour Militaire de Kinshasa) muri Congo ku rupapuro rwa 402, ahari umutwe w’urubanza ugira uti: L’assassinat de Simba Ngezayo, rwanditse mu magambo akurikira: ” la cour à la majorité des voix de ses membres et par scrutins secret, dit oui pour les prévenus Abdoul Mutabazi, Sankara Kenyata et Charles Baralanda et non pour le reste des prévenus. En conséquence, condamne les trois prévenus aux peines suivantes: Pour le prévenu

Sankara, à la peine capitale, pour le prévenu Abdoul Mutabazi, à la peine capitale, Pour le prévenu Charles Baralanda, à la peine capitale. Acquitte le reste des prévenus dont la liste en annex et ordonne leur libération immédiate” Ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda ni ukuvuga ko nyuma yo kwiherera Urukiko rwavuze yego kuri Abdoul Mutabazi, Sankara Kenyata et Charles Baralanda, na oya ku bandi baregwa basigaye ndetse ruhanisha abo batatu igihano cy’urupfu, rugira abere abasigaye bose, runategeka ko bahita barekurwa. [34] Urukiko rurasanga kuba abunganira abaregwa bavuga ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, baburanye muri Congo, nta shingiro byahabwa kuko nta kigaragaza ko bigeze bahamagarwa n’Urukiko kugira ngo baburanishwe, kuba kandi mu rubanza rwose nta miburanire yabo igaragara cyangwa se ngo rube rwarafashe icyemezo cy’uko baburanishijwe badahari, ni ikigaragaza ko bataburanye urubanza No RP 302/22 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rwa Gisirikare rwa Kinshasa (Cour Militaire de Kinshasa) muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, bityo, ibyo abunganira abaregwa bavuga ko nta kurikiranacyaha rikwiye kuba kuri MukarwegoNgarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, bitwaje amahame y’amategeko ya Ne Bis In Idem na L’autorité dela chosé jugée, bikaba nta shingiro bifite. [35] Urukiko rurasanga kandi kuba mu nyandiko y’Ubushinjacyaha bwaratangarije mu

rukiko urutonde rw’abo rusabira kurekurwa n’abandi rusabira guhanwa, ariko kuri urwo rutonde hakaba hatarimo MukarwegoNgarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou, ntibivuze ko bakurikiranwe bakagirwa abere ahubwo Ubushinjacyaha bushobora gukora urutonde rw’abaregwa, nyuma rukaza guhitamo gukurikirana bamwe abandi rukabareka cyane ko urwo rukiko rwa Gisirikare rwari rubizi neza ko Mukarwego na Ntabwoba bakurikiranywe mu Rwanda, ndetse rukaba rwaroherereje inzego z’iperereza z’u Rwanda bimwe mu bimenyetso rwasabwe rumaze kugaragarizwa ko abo (Mukarwego na Ntabwoba) nabo bakurikiranywe mu Rwanda kuri icyo cyaha. [36] Uru rukiko rukaba rwemeje ko Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou bataburaniye mu gihugu cya Congo, bakaba bagomba gukurikiranwa n’inkiko

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zo mu Rwanda ku cyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu cyaha cy’ubwicanyi bakurikiranweho, kandi rwemeje ko rusanga nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze mu kwemeza ko bataburaniye muri Congo  Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi, nta bimenyetso bihagije bikibashinja. [37] Mu myanzuro y’ubujurire ndetse no mu miburanire yabo, abaregwa ndetse n’ababunganira bavuga ko bafite impamvu 4 z’ingenzi zatumye bajurira zishingira ku nenge zigaragara mu rubanza rwaciwe n’urukiko Rukuru. Ku bijyanye n’impamvu ya mbere basobanura ko, mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwashingiye ku buhamya burimo kwivuguruza, kuvuguruzanya, n’Urukiko ubwarwo ngo rukaba rwagaragaraje kwivuguruza. [38] Bakomeza basobanura impamvu z’ubujurire bavuga ko ubuhamya bwa Mutabazi na Sankara bwashingiweho n’Urukiko mu guhamya icyaha Mukarwego Ngarambe Mediatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudu, aho bavuga ko hagaragayemo kwivuguruza mu gusobanura uwishe Simba Ngezayo. Bavuga ko Sankara avuga ko Mutabazi ariwe wishe Ngezayo naho Mutabazi akavuga ko yafatanyije na Sankara kumurasa kandi ko barasiye rimwe. Banavuga ko ibyashingiweho bijyanye na relevés téléphonique, aho bavuga ko zashatswe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, kandi n’ibizikubiyemo nabyo bakaba

batabyemera. [39] Ubushinjacyaha bwo buvuga ko ubuhamya bwashingiweho ari ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho, kandi ko relevés téléphonique, zashatswe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko, ndetse n’ibizikubiyemo bikaba bigaragaza ko abaregwa bagize ubufatanyacyaha mu cyaha cy’ubwicanyi. A. Ku bijyanye n’ubuhamya buvugwaho kuba burimo ukwivuguruza, kuvuguruzanya kw’abatangabuhamya, no kwivuguruza k’Urukiko Rukuru. [40] Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou yasobanuye ko, ubwo yaburanaga yagaragaje ukwivuguruza hagati ya Sankara na Mutabazi. Akavuga ko Sankara yavuze ko yahawe mission arayanga ahubwo ngo ahuza Ntabwoba na Mutabazi, naho kuri Mutabazi we ngo yavuze ko Ntabwoba atamuzi, bityo ko urebye inyandikomvugo yo ku wa 01/04/2021 hagati ya Sankara na Mutabazi ku kibazo cya 7 n’icya 8 harimo ukuvuguruzanya mu nyandiko mvugo imwe, asaba kurenganurwa akagirwa umwere kuko amaze imyaka 4 muri gereza yarasobanuye ko ntaho ahuriye n’ibyo aregwa ariko bakanga kumwumva. Naho ku kijyanye n’aho bavuze ko ariwe watanze imbunda yarashe Simba, ndetse nyuma bakayimusubiza, yavuze ko ntaho yari gutanga imbunda ayikuye kuko atari umusirikare. [41] Yongeraho ko, ku bijyanye n’abakoze icyaha, bagaragajwe kuri Télévision yo muri Congo ko bafashwe n’imbunda zigafatwa (cfr p 374), ariko ngo igitangaje Ubushinjacyaha bukavuga ko Mutabazi yahuye na Ntabwoba wazanye amafaranga yo kumuhemba, kandi ngo mu

nyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 01/04/2021, Mutabazi yavuze ko atazi Ntabwoba, bityo rero ngo akaba asanga ibivugwa atari ukuri ahubwo imikorere y’icyaha yahinduwe n’ubushinjacyaha. [42] Mukarwego Ngarambe Mediatrice yavuze ko atari afite ubushobozi bwo kwica umuntu, cyane ko atari umusirikare, akavuga ko hanabaye amakimbirane ari umugabo we wari kubikora kuko ariwe wari umusirikare. Bityo ko, nyuma y’imyaka 5 umugabo we apfuye, atari gushobora

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gukora icyo cyaha, kuko uwo muntu atari kubasha kumugeraho kuko yari uwo mu nzego zo hejuru, ko ahubwo ababikoze bahari kandi bahanwe muri DRC. [43] Yongeraho ko kandi ku byerekeye amakimbirane yerekeye imitungo yari I Goma muri DRC, ariko ko mu mitungo ye imitungo ya Simba itari irimo, ari nayo mpamvu asanga ntacyo yari gupfa na Simba kuko nta makimbirane bari bafitanye, bityo ntacyo yari guheraho amwica. [44] Me Mucyesha David ashingira ku ngingo ya 45 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko Umugenzacyaha cyangwa umushinjacyaha abaza ukekwaho icyaha kandi agashyira mu nyandikomvugo ibisobanuro bye. Ibazwa rikorwa mu rurimi ubazwa yumva neza », agasobanura ko ku wa 02/04/2021, ubwo Mutabazi Abdoul yabazwaga n’Ubugenzacyaha bwo mu Rwanda buri I Kinshasa, ku kibazo cya 7 yabajijwe ururimi yumva kandi avuga neza agasubiza ko ari ikinyarwanda n’igiswahili, naho kuri Sankara nawe wabajijwe n’Umugenzacyaha wo mu Rwanda ku wa 01/04/2021, ku kibazo cya mbere yamubajije ururimi yumva kandi avuga neza akavuga ko ari igiswahili. [45] Me Mucyesha David akomeza avuga ko, ibyo byumvikanisha ko mu nyandiko mvugo igaragaramo ibintu byanditse mu zindi ndimi ikitirirwa uwabajijwe kandi atazi ibirimo, nta gaciro byahabwa, bityo kuba inyandikomvugo ya Sankara yo ku wa 01/04/2021 yakoreye imbere y’ubushinjacyaha iri mu gifaransa

n’ikinyarwanda ngo nta gaciro ikwiye guhabwa. Yongeraho ko inyandiko mvugo zakozwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda i Kinshasa, nazo nta gaciro zikwiye guhabwa hashingiwe ku itegeko Nº 014/2018 ryo ku wa 04/04/2018 rigena imitunganyirize, imikorere n’ububasha by’ubushinjacyaha bukuru n’ubushinjacyaha bwa gisirikare. [46] Me Mucyesha David yongeraho ko hashingiwe ku buryo Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye mu gika cya 42 cy'urubanza rujuririrwa, agaragaza ko mu nyandiko mvugo za Sankara ziri muri dosiye zose, ashinja Mukarwego ko ariwe wa muhaye mission yo kwica Simba kandi ko ariwe wamuhuje na Ntabwoba ngo bakorane, Sankara akomeza avuga ko nawe yahuje Ntabwoba na Mutabazi kandi ko Ntabwoba ariwe watanze imbunda yarashe Simba ndetse akaba ariwe uyihera Mutabazi. Naho Mutabazi mu nyandikomvugo ze zose, akaba ahakana ko atahuye na Mukarwego na Ntabwoba, kandi ko atabazi. Icya kabiri Mutabazi avuga kikaba ari uko imbunda yakoreshe arasa Simba yayihawe na Sankara atari Ntabwoba, akavuga kandi ko arasa Simba yari kumwe na Sankara, bikaba bitandukanye n'imvugo ya Sankara. Akaba asanga, ahubwo umugambi wo kwica Simba, Mutabazi awushyira kuri Sankara nawe ubwe gusa, kuva igikorwa gitangira kugeza kirangira. [47] Me Mucyesha David na none yavuze ko, Urukiko rukuru rutabonye neza ko icyo Mutabazi yagiye yivuguruzaho ari ibijyanye no kwica Simba, aho hamwe yemera ko yabikoze wenyine, ahandi akavuga ko

yafatanyije na Sankara, ahandi akabihakana burundu. Ibi bikaba bidahura n'ibyo Urukiko Rukuru rwise kwivuguruza mu nyandikomvugo kubireba ubufatanyacyaha kuri Mukarwego na Ntabwoba, cyane ko ku bireba Ntabwoba na Mukarwego ntaho Mutabazi yahinduye Position. Akavuga rero ko, icyo abaregwa babwiye urukiko n'ubu bagihagazeho, ari uku kuvuguruzanya hagati ya Mutabazi na Sankara kandi aribo batangabuhamya babiri bonyine Ubushinjacyaha bwakoresheje mu gushinja abaregwa. [48] Ku kijyanye no kumenye niba Mukarwego na Sankara bari baziranye, asobanura ko bombi ari ab’i Goma kandi umujyi utuwe n’abantu barenga miliyoni 2, Ubushinjacyaha rero ngo ntacyo

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bwabuze kugira ngo bugere aho nabwo bubaze umutangabuhamya n’iyo yaba umwe, bityo akaba asanga kuba Ubushinjacyaha butarabikoze bigatuma aba clients babo bagomba kuba abere. Akomeza avuga ko kuba Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko nyuma yo kwica Simba, Sankara yahungiye kwa Mukarwego ngo ntabwo aribyo, ari nayo mpamvu banenga ubushinjacyaha butageze kwa Media ngo barebe ahubwo ngo Umushinjacyaha yabajije Shimita wabaye umwere muri uru rubanza rwa Congo, mwenewabo na Sankara amubwira ko amaze kwica Simba yamusabye kumuhisha. [49] Ku bijyanye n’ukwivuguruza k’Urukiko mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Me Mucyesha David yavuze kubigaragara mu bika bya 38 n’icya 39 by'urubanza rujuririrwa, aho urukiko narwo rwemeje ko Mutabazi mu mabazwa ye anyuranye yahakanye icyaha kandi ko ntaho aziranye na Mukarwego na Ntabwoba, bivugwa ko aribo bamutumye, naho ibyo Sankara avuga n'abandi babajijwe bamushinja akavuga ko ntabyo azi, ariko rukabirengaho rukavuga ko n'ubwo Mutabazi yahakanye icyaha, ariko rusanga abazwa bwa mbere ku wa 12/11/20201, yaremeye icyaha akavuga ko mission yayihawe na Sankara, yamubwiye hakaba n’aho avuga ko mission yayihawe n’abadepite 2, aba General 4, kandi aho nabwo yemeza ko atazi Mukarwego na Ntabwoba, ko uwitwa Charles Baralanda bamuhuje ariwe wari uzi Simba, ndetse ariwe wagiye kumumwereka. Sankara abazwa yasobanuye ko yahawe mission na Mukarwego, kandi ko Ntabwoba Dudu ariwe wagiye

kwereka Mutabazi uwo Simba wari ugiye kwicwa, bityo rero ngo izi mvugo zikaba zitashingirwaho kuko zitandukanye. [50] Me Mucyesha David asoza vuga ko, kuba Urukiko rwiyemerera ko ubuhamya bwa Sankara bugaragaramo kuvuguruzanya na Mutabazi, ari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko ubuhamya bwabo burimo gushidikanya bityo ko butagombaga guhabwa agaciro n'urukiko ahubwo bwari kurengera abaregwa hashingiwe ku ngingo y’Itegeko ivuga ko gushidikanya birengera uregwa, cyane ko izi nyandikomvugo zishidikanywaho zashatswe kandi zizanwa n'Ubushinjacyaha bw'u Rwanda buzivanye muri Congo rukaziha abaregwa nk'ibimenyetso byo kubashinja, asaba kandi Urukiko rw'Ubujurire gusuzuma ishingiro ry'ibyo bimenyetso no kwemeza ko nta gaciro byahabwa ahubwo rukagira abere abo bunganira, kuko kugeza ubu Ubushinjacyaha butabashije kugaragaza ibimenyetso simusiga bikuraho gushidikanya yagaragaje bigaragaza uruhare rw'abaregwa. [51] Me Shoshi Bizimana yavuze ko Ntabwoba ari muri uru rubanza kubera ko avukana na Mediatrice gusa. Ntabwo bagaragaza uburyo Ntabwoba yahawe mission n’uko byakozwe, kuko kuba bavukana na Mediatrice ubwabyo atari icyaha, ari nayo mpamvu batamuhuza n’umuryango Mediatrice yashatsemo. [52] Akomeza avuga ko iyo sambu icyekwa kuba impamvu y’amakimbirane, atari iya Mediatrice n’umugabo we gusa, ahubwo ko ari ikibazo cy’umuryango, bityo atari Mediatrice wenyine wajyaga kuyihorera. Naho ku bijyanye

n’intwaro yakoreshejwe bavuga ko yafashwe igasubizwa Ntabwoba, Sankara avuga ko Mutabazi yamubwiye ko intwaro akimara kuyikoresha yayijugunye nk’uko yari yabimubwiye, akaba atumva uko iyo ntwaro yajugunywe ariyo Ntabwoba afite. Bityo rero, ngo ashingiye kuri PV ya Mutabazi, akaba asanga ibirimo bitahuzwa na Ntabwoba, kuko abaregwa bombi nta musirikare urimo. Ahubwo ikibazo cy’urupfu rwa Simba ngo cyari ikibazo cya politique ya DRC, kuko ikibazo kirimo abayobozi ba Congo, hakaba

1 Reba kuri Page ya 3, 4, 5 za P.V d'audition ya Mutabazi yo kuwa 12/11/2020; P.V. d'audition ya Sankara yo kuwa 24/02/202, Page 5.

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hatumvikana ukuntu bari kwifashisha Mukarwego Ngarambe Mediatrice na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou kugira ngo hakorwe icyo gikorwa. [53] Me Mugeni Josephine avuga ko Simba akimara gupfa ku wa 03/11/2020, hafashwe abantu benshi barenga 100, hakibazwa impamvu hafashwe abo bantu bose, naho kuba avuga ko Sankara yahawe mission na Mukarwego Mediatrice akayanga, akamurangira Mutabazi, ntaho bagaragaza ko Sankara yaba yarahuje Ntabwoba na Mutabazi. Cyane ko Mutabazi ubwe yivugiye uko we na Sankara aribo bishe Simba barasiye rimwe. [54] Uhagarariye ubushinjacyaha, avuga ko uru rubanza ruri mu bujurire bwa kabiri, abiheraho asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuzasuzuma urubanza rwa TGI Gasabo na PV d’audience, kimwe na HC (PV na Copie) ibyo Mukarwego na Ntabwoba bavuze aho hose ngo ni bimwe n’ibyo bavuze kuri uru rwego, kandi ko byose inkiko zombi zemeje ko nta shingiro bifite. Akavuga ko iyo ujurira unenga iby’Urukiko rubanza ushingiye ku ngingo ya 183 al 5,6, ariko bo bakaba baburanye nk’abari muri TGI, ko ntacyo bagaragaje banenga urubanza rujuririrwa. [55] Akomeza avuga ku buhamya bwatanzwe na Sankara na Mutabazi aho abaregwa bavuze ko harimo kwivuguruza, Ubushinjacyaha busanga atari ukuri, kubera ko Mutabazi abazwa bwa mbere yasobanuye uko yishe Simba Ngezayo abisabwe na Sankara, amubwira ko Mukarwego yamusabye kwica Simba, bityo Sankara akabyanga kuko afunguwe vuba akamushakira undi

ariwe Mutabazi kubera ko Mukarwego nawe yavuze ko adashaka kugaragara muri iyi dosiye, amuhuza na musaza we Ntabwoba. Bikaba bigaragara ko Mutabazi, Sankara na Ntabwoba, bahuye kandi aba baregwa ntibagaragaza icyatuma abatangabuhamya Mutabazi na Sankara babashinja kandi bababeshyera kuko nta nyungu n’imwe bari bafite yo kubeshyera Ntabwoba na Mediatrice. [56] Ku kibazo cyo kumenya impamvu habeshyewe Ntabwoba kandi Media afite abavandimwe beshi, atanga reference mu (gika cya 39-42 urubanza rujuririrwa), aho Urukiko Rukuru rwagize icyo rubivugaho, asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuzabisuzuma rukabona ko Ntabwoba atazanywe mu rubanza kubera ko avukana na Mukarwego gusa, ahubwo ari uruhare rwe mu cyaha akurikiranweho, ko kandi muri uru rubanza rwa Congo (p30,37) Mutabazi na Sankara bemeye icyaha bavuga ko bahawe mission na Mukarwego na Ntabwoba. Asoza kuri iyi ngingo avuga ko kuba Me David avuga ko babuze ibimenyetso kuko baburanye muri condition difficile, atari ukuri kuko ibimenyetso bemeye ko babizanye harimo na videos, kandi uru rubanza rwanabanje kubamo Avocat w’umukongomani, bivuze ko bari bafite acces ku bimenyetso, bityo ibyo bavuga sibyo.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [57] Mu rubanza N° RPAA 0117/07/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/07/2010 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt Biziyaremye na Cpl Ngabonziza (igika cya 14), Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko “Ukuvuguruzanya kw’abatangabuhamya ku tuntu duto mu rubanza, bidatesha agaciro ireme ry’ubuhamya batanga”. Uyu murongo kandi wakomeje kugenderwa mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko zirimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00019/2023/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 19/04/2024 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Nkundakozera Samuel (igika cya 30). [58] Hari kandi umurongo watanzwe mu rubanza Nº RPAA 00044/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/12/2023 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Migambi Vianney (igika

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cya 20), uvuga ko “Mu manza nshinjabyaha, ibimenyetso byose, iyo byagiweho impaka bishobora gushingirwaho mu kwemeza ko uregwa yakoze icyaha kandi ibyo ibimenyetso bishobora no kuba imvugo z’abatangabuhamya, urukiko rukaba arirwo rusuzuma niba ibyo bavuga byakwemerwa cyangwa ntibyemerwe”. Uyu murongo nawo ukaba kandi warakomeje gukurikizwa mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru Rukiko harimo n’urubanza Nº RPAA 00586/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/05/2024 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Banteziminsi Jean Baptiste alias Habineza Joseph (igika cya 32). [59] Iyi mirongo yatanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga hamwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, isomewe hamwe yumvikanisha ko mu manza nshinjabyaha, Urukiko arirwo rusuzuma agaciro gakwiye guhabwa imvugo z’abatangabuhamya nk’ibimenyetso bishinja, kandi ko kuba bavuga ibitandukanye gato, bitafatwa nko kuvuguruzanya hagamije gutesha agaciro ireme ry’ubwo buhamya. [60] Dosiye igaragaza ko mu nyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 12/11/20202, ubwo Mutabazi yabazwaga yemeye icyaha avuga mu buryo burambuye uko yahawe mission na Sankara ndetse akamuhuza na Ntabwoba musaza wa Mukarwego amubwira ko yitwa Jacques, ariko akibutsa ko mu gihe cyo kwitegura mission yo kwica Simba Ngezayo, Sankara yatangaga raporo kuri telephone y’umuntu yitaga Da Mamy. Yabivuze muri aya magambo: “Je signale encore que pendant les préparatifs Sankara rendait compte au telephone à une

personne qu'il appelait Da Mamy”, bigahura n’ibyavuzwe na Sankara ku wa 01/04/2021, no ku wa 03/04/202, ubwo yabazwaga uwo bitaga Da Mamy uwo ariwe, agasubiza ko ari Mukarwego Médiatrice, mu rwego rwo kugira ngo Mutabazi atamumenya. [61] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko ku wa 02/04/2021, Mutabazi ubwo yabazwaga yahakanye icyaha avuga ko atazi Ntabwoba na Mediatrice ndetse ko nta mission yigeze ahabwa yo kwica umuntu. Abajijwe ibyo yavuze ku wa 12/11/2020, yasobanuye ko yabikoreshejwe n’iterabwoba, naho ku wa 03/04/2021 yongeye kubazwa nabwo yahakanye icyaha avuga ko ibyo yasubije ku wa 12/11/2020, yabivugishijwe n’iyicarubozo yakorerwaga. [62] Mu nyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 01/04/2021, Sankara avuga ko kandi bari baziranye na Mukarwego Ngarambe Mediatrice, ari nayo mpamvu yamuhamagaye mu rugo rwe i Goma, akamubwira ko ashaka kumuha mission yo kwica Simba Ngezayo, akamubwira ko atayikora ariko akamushakira uwitwa Mutabazi Abdoul ndetse amuhuza na musaza wa Mukarwego witwa Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou bagapanga umugambi wo kwica, kugeza ushyizwe mu bikorwa ku wa 03/11/2020, kugira ngo bahabwe igihembo cya 10.000$, ariko nyuma Ntabwoba akaba yaramuzaniye 5.000$, akamubwira ko asigaye bazayabona nayo, agakuramo 1800$ asigaye 3200$ akayaha Mutabazi. [63] Urukiko rushingiye ku mvugo za Sankara na Mutabazi zagaragajwe ku matariki yavuzwe haruguru, rurasanga ku bivugwa n’abaregwa ndetse n’ababunganira ko harimo ukwivuguruza kuri Mutabazi wemeye icyaha ariko nyuma agasobanura ko atazi Mukarwego na Ntabwoba ndetse atabashinja, nta shingiro byahabwa kuko n’ubwo yabanje kwemera icyaha ku wa 12/11/2021, nyuma akagihakana, ibyo yavuze mbere ntabwo byateshwa agaciro kubera ko hagaragaye ubundi buhamya bubyunganira bwatanzwe na Sankara, aho yasobanuye uko yahawe mission yo kwica

2 Reba kuri page ya 7 mu nyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 12/11/2020 Mutabazi abazwa.

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Simba Ngezayo, ndetse ko mu gihe biteguraga yumvaga Sankara aha raporo kuri Telephone uwo yitaga Da Mamy ari we Mukarwego Mediatrice (izina bamwise mu rwego rwo kutamenyekana), iyi mvugo bayihuriraho na Sankara wavuze ko Da Mamy ari Mukarwego Mediatrice, ndetse we akaba yaremeye icyaha akanasobanura uko umugambi wo kwica Simba Ngezayo wateguwe kugeza urangiye. Bivuze ko kuba Mutabazi Abdoul ahakana ko atazi Mukarwego na Ntabwoba bidakuraho ko hari ibyo yemeye mbere ari nabyo Urukiko rwasobanuye mu gika cya 39 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa3. [64] Urukiko rurasanga kandi kuba abaregwa n’ababunganiye bavuga ko Sankara na Mutabazi bavuguruzanya mu mabazwa yabo, nabyo nta shingiro bifite kuko, kuba Mutabazi yarabanje kwemera icyaha nk’uko bikubiye mu nyandikomvugo yo ku wa 12/11/2020, nyuma akagihakana, naho Sankara mu mabazwa ye yose, akaba yaremeye icyaha, agasobanura n’uruhare rwa Mukarwego na Ntabwoba, bigaragarira uru rukiko ko bitafatwa nko kuvuguruzanya ngo bitume imvugo ze ziteshwa agaciro nk’uko Umurongo wagarutsweho haruguru, ubisobanura. [65] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kandi rurasanga binagaragara ko Mukarwego Mediatrice na Simba Ngezayo bari bafitanye amakimbirane akomoka ku masambu nk’uko Sankara yabisobanuye ubwo yabazwaga, akavuga ko ubwo Mukarwego Ngarambe Mediatrice bita Mama Nounou yamuhamagaraga iwe, yasohotse mu nzu arira amwereka ubutumwa buvuye kuri Avocat wa Simba Ngezayo

buvuga ko ari we kibazo gisigaye mu nzira ko ashaka kumwica agatwara amasambu ye, bituma asaba Sankara kumumwicira kugira ngo atamutanga akamwica bigatuma asiga abana be ari impfubyi. [66] Ku bijyanye na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu nawe wavuze ko aba batangabuhamya baranzwe no kwivuguruza, ngo kuko Mutabazi yavuze ko atamuzi kandi batahuye, ndetse ko ntaho yari kuvana imbunda ngo kuko atari umusirikari, turasanga nta shingiro bifite kuko mu nyandiko mvugo yo ku wa 12/11/2020 yagaragajwe haruguru, Mutabazi yasobanuye neza ko, nyuma yo kwica Simba Ngezayo yahuye na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu (bise Jacques), akurira muri Jeep ye y’ibara rya grise agashyiramo imbunda na jaquette bleu, yakoreshaga ahisha iyo mbunda4. [67] Ku bijyanye n’ibivugwa na Me Mucyesha David, ko Sankara na Mutabazi babajijwe mu ndimi batumva bikaba byatesha agaciro inyandiko mvugo zabo, ashingira ku ngingo ya 45 y’Itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganyako: “Umugenzacyaha cyangwa umushinjacyaha abaza ukekwaho icyaha kandi agashyira mu nyandikomvugo ibisobanuro bye. Ibazwa rikorwa mu rurimi ubazwa yumva neza », turasanga ku bijyanye n’izi nyandiko mvugo Mutabazi na Sankara barabajijwe ndetse bagasubiza kandi nyuma bagasinya ku nyandiko mvugo bikaba bigaragara ko zahinduwe mu gifaransa, kuko n’umutangabuhamya witwa Benjamin Ruhano5 na Baralalanda Kataka Charles ku wa 11/22/20206 aho bose babajijwe mu giswahili, inyandiko zigahindurwa mu gifaransa kandi bakemera gusinya.

3 Reba igika cya 39 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa aho rwasobanuye ibikubiye mu Mutabazi yahakanye icyaha ariko rusanga mu mabazwa ye ya mbere yo kuwa 11 na 12/11/2020. 4 Reba kuri page 6 mu ibazwa rya Mutabazi Abdoul ku wa 12/11/2020 5 Reba inyandiko ya Benjamin Ruhano ku wa 21/11/2024. 6 Reba inyandikomvugo ya Baralalanda Kataka Charles yo ku wa 11/11/2020

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B. Ku bijyanye n’itumanaho rya telefone ryaba ryarashatswe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko ndetse n’ibirimo bikaba ntaho bihuriye n’ukuri [68] Me Mukesha David yavuze ko Urukiko Rukuru rwitiranyije uwasabye Releves telephoniques muri Airtel congo (General Basereba) n'uwazohereje mu Rwanda ariwe Lt Gen.Likulia7, bityo ko rutumvise neza imiburanire y'Abaregwa kuko ikibazo bagifite ntabwo ari uwohereje releves telephoniques mu Rwanda. Ikibazo abaregwa bafite kugeza ubu ngo ni uwasabye releves telephoniques muri Airtel Congo, ariwe General de Brigade Baseleba, kuko basanga atari afite ububasha bwo kwaka izi relevés téléfoniques kuko atabyemererwaga n'amategeko ahubwo ngo yabikoze mu nyungu ze kuko ubwo bubasha, bwari bufitwe na Procureur General gusa. [69] Akomeza avuga ko mu ibaruwa ya Airtel Congo iherekeza izo Releves telephoniques bigaragara ko yandikiwe General de Brigade Basereba, muri reference y’iyo baruwa bikaba bigaragara ko Airtel isubiza ibaruwa yandikiwe mu mwaka wa 2020 ariko ntigaragaze, umunsi n'ukwezi. [70] Yongeraho ko habayeho amakosa yakozwe mu gushaka ibimenyetso, yaba mu buryo byasabwemo ariko n’uwabisabye, ko izo Releves zageze mu Rwanda zikaburanishwa ku rwego rwa Detention ndetse no ku rwego rwa mbere, bikaza kugaragara ko Ubushinjacyaha bw’U Rwanda buzisaba Congo, izo Releves zari zarageze mu Rwanda zararangije no kuburanishwaho nk'ikimenyetso

cy'ubushinjacyaha, kuko ngo zasabwe ku wa 09/03/2021, zigera mu Rwanda ku wa 17/03/2021. Bityo ibyakozwe bikaba ari ukurangiza umuhango. [71] Me Mukesha David avuga ku ireme ry’izi Releves telephoniques, yasobanuye ko mu buryo busanzwe Releves telephoniques zitanzwe na Sosiyete y'itumanaho, iyo sosiyete igomba byanze bikunze gushyira kasha (cashet) yayo kuri buri page (urupapuro) rugize izo Releves kugirango hatazagira icyo bongeraho n'icyo bavanamo. Bityo ngo kuba inyandiko zatanzwe nka Relevés téléfoniques nta hagaragara ikirango cya Airtel Congo, ahubwo hakabaho ibirango bya Auditorat Militaire ya Congo, aribyo bigaragara kuri izo mpapuro, hakibazwa niba Auditorat Militaire ariyo yatanze izo Releves, ko kandi bitera gushidikanya bikomeye kuri izo nyandiko kuko zitagaragaza inkomoko yazo. [72] Me Mukesha David abajijwe impamvu batemera ububasha bwa General Basileba agaragara ko yari yemererwe gukurikirana abakoze ibyaha bya gisirikare muri Congo, yasobanuye ko kuba yarakomeje kugirana communication n’uwakoze icyaha, mu gihe kingana n’amezi abiri ubwo yari yihishe muri Uganda, bituma babibonamo inenge cyane ko dosiye yaburanwe mu bihe bikomeye kuko abantu baregwa icyaha gikomeye nk’iki, batabonye umwanya wo kwishakira ibimenyetso, ahubwo hakaba hari gukoreshwa ibyazanwe n’ubushinjacyaha uretse ama videos, ari nayo mpamvu, yavuze ko banenga authenticite ya Relevés téléfoniques zari kuba zatanzwe na Airtel Congo, ariko bikaba bigaragara ko zatanzwe na auditorat militaire ya Congo hariho na cachet yayo, kandi ko Mukarwego yabajijwe telephone barayimwatse kuko na Me wamuburaniye mbere yabivuze kandi ngo abamuburaniye bose ntanumwe wabashije kugera muri Congo gushaka ibimenyetso.

7 Reba ibika bya 43 na 44 by’urubanza rujuririrwa.

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[73] Mu gusoza kuri iyi ngingo, ashingira ku ngingo 122 y'ltegeko ryerekeye Ibimenyetso mu manza n'ltangwa ryabyo, agasanga zikwiye gufatwa nk’ibimenyetso bishatswe mu buryo no munzira budakurikije amategeko, asaba Urukiko kuzemeza kutakira ibimenyetso byatanzwe n'Ubushinjacyaha bigizwe na Relevés téléfoniques no kwemeza ko zidahawe agaciro. [74] Me Twayigize Jean Claude, nawe yavuze ko uko Urukiko Rukuru rutumvise icyo ababuranyi bashatse kuvuga kuri Releves Telephonique, akaba asaba ko byakumvwa kuri uru rwego, aho bagaragaje ko izi Releves zasabwe bidakurikije amategeko n’uwazisabye akaba atari afite ububasha bwo kuzisaba (igihe zasabwaga muri DRC). Akomeza avuga ko urebye imiterere ya dossier, ibaruwa ibanziriza Relevés téléfoniques igaragaza ko yasabwe na Gen de Brigade Baseleba, wabikoze mu nyungu z’Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda bwanditse buyisaba ikaba yarasohotse muri Airtel Congo, bityo ngo ntabwo byakozwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo za ya 38-41 CPP. [75] Akomeza avuga ko ku bijyanye n’ireme rya Releves telephoniques, Mukarwego yatangiye kubazwa mu nzego zose kuri iyi dosiye akiri muri Congo, kandi bamukuyeho telephone. Bityo ko, Mukarwego atabashaga kuvugana na Sankara kuko atari afite telephone, kandi bikaba bishoboka ko ari amayeri ndetse ari nacyo gihe icyaha cyaba cyarakorewe, ariko ko Urukiko rutitaye kuri aya ma videos yose n’aya

makuru kugira ngo rubihurize hamwe rutange ubutabera. [76] Me Bizimana Shoshi avuga ko kubijyanye na revelé telephonique zatanzwe muri dossier aho ubushijacyaha bushaka kwerakana ko Ntabwoba na Mukarwego bavuganye inshuro nyinshi na Sankara mu gihe cy’ikorwa ry’icyaha, ndetse na nyuma yacyo bashaka kwerakana ko nta kindi bavugana aribyo kwica Ngezayo Simba, ariko batagaragaza amagambo bavuganye ngo urukiko ruyumve, niba koko ajyanye n’icyo cyaha, agasanga biganisha ku guhindura ihame ry’umuburanyi ufite ishingano yo gutanga ikimenyetso mu rubanza rw’inshijabyaha biganisha na none ku kwambura uregwa uburenganzira bwe bwo gufatwa nk’umwere. [77] Yongeraho ko, izo relevé telephonique zitabonezetse mu buryo buteganywa n’itegeko Nº005/2021 ryo kuwa 05/02/2021 rigena ubufatanye mu rwegorw’amategeko mpanabyaha mu ngingo zaryo za 1, 2,3,4,5, 6, riteganya uburyo ibimenyetso biri mu gihugu kimwe byambuka mu kindi kuburyo bukurikije amategeko kuko ibijyanye n’ikurikirana byaha bidapfa gukorwa uko buri wese abyumva na buri umuntu wese ahubwo bikurikiza amategeko kandi iyo bidakurikije amategeko, ibyavuyemo byose biba impfabusa. [78] Nawe agaragaza ko usanga bataragaragaje uwazisabye, uwabisabwe n’uwazitanze, kandi bizwi neza ko ibimenyetso bikoreshwa mu manza nshinjabya bigomba kuba byarabonetse mu nzira ziteganywa n’itegeko nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 126 y’itegeko Nº 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeyeimiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha8. Asoza asaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kwakira ubujurire bwa Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu kuko bukurikije amategeko no kwemezako bufite ishingiro kuri byose, kwemeza ko ibimenyetso byatanzwe bidahagije ngo hemezwe ko ibyaha akurikiranweho bimuhama bityo akaba agizwe umwere kuri byose no gutegeka ko ahita arekurwa urubanza rukimara gusomwa.

8 «Gushingira ku bimenyetso byashatswemu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko no gucibwa mu gihe giteganywa n’amategeko kandi umuntuagacirwa urubanza mu rurimi yaburanishijwemo », cyane cyane ko igika cya nyuma cy’iyi ngingokigira iti: « Imihango y’ikurikiranabyaha ikorwa kandi ikarangizwa hakurikijwe ibiteganywan’amategeko »

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[79] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ku bijyanye na Releves telephonique, zasabwe mu buryo bukurikije amategeko. Akomeza asobanura ko Ubushinjacyaha bwo mu Rwanda bwandikiye ubushinjacyaha bwo muri Congo busaba izo Releves telephoniques nabo babisaba muri Airtel muri Congo, bigaruka muri izo nzira biciye muri MINAFET, bityo nta nzira zidakurikije amategeko byaciyemo nk’uko abaregwa n’ababunganiye babivuga. [80] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ku ireme rya Releves telephoniques asobanura ko yaba Airtel ya Congo, yaba Genaral Ikuya, n’Ubushinjacyaha ntanumwe wari ufite inyungu zo guhimba izo Relevés téléfoniques kandi ibirimo ngo ntawigeze abivuguruza. Kuri General de Brigade Basileba, bavuga ko yari afitanye ubucuti na Simba, ariko ntibagaragaza ubushuti bari bafitanye cg inyungu yari afite zo guhimba izo Releves, byose bikaba byarasobanuwe mu Rukiko Rukuru. [81] Ku bijyanye no kuba abaregwa bavuga ko bataziranye na Sankara na Mutabazi ngo siko biri kuko Sankara akimara gukora icyaha, yahungiye kwa Mukarwego, Colonel Shimita ufite icyo apfana n’umugabo wa Mukarwego yamushyize mu modoka yo mu bwoko bwa RAV4 ya Mukarwego amujyana muri Uganda kumuhisha, kandi bakaba barakomeje kuvugana bakoresheje WhatsApp na messages. [82] Avuga kandi ko yaba mbere na nyuma yo kwica Simba Ngezayo Mukarwego Ngarambe yahuye na Sankara Abdoul iwe mu rugo kuri Goma, ubundi yaba Ntabwoba Jean de

Dieu alias Doudou, Sankara Abdou na Mutabazi Abdou bakagenda bahura mu buryo butandukanye ndetse banavugana kuri za telefoni na za messages kuri whatsapp mu buryo butandukanye, bigaragaza ko ari abafatanyacyaha mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Simba Ngezayo, asoza asaba Urukiko kwemeza ko impamvu z’ubujurire zatanzwe n’abaregwa nta shingiro zifite, rukemeza ko abaregwa aribo bishe Simba Ngezayo, bakaba bagomba kubihanirwa.

UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [83] Dosiye igaragaza ibaruwa ifite reference 011/AIRTEL/RA/HD/KN/03/21 yo ku wa 09/03/2021, hamwe n’indi baruwa ifite référence 050/AIRTEL/RA/HD/KN/03/21, yo ku wa 26/03/2021, aho muri izo baruwa zombi Airtel Congo yandikiye Général Baseleba Bin Mateto wari Avocat Général des Forces Armées, akaba na Officier du Ministère Public près de la haute Cour Militaire muri Auditorat Général/Gombo, imwoherereza amakuru ajyanye releveés telephoniques des appels. [84] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ibaruwa yo ku wa 03/04/2021 ifite No AG/1227/D8b/2021, Lieutenant Général Likulia Bakumi Lucien Réné yandikiye Procureur General w’u Rwanda amwoherereza inyandiko zikubiyemo ibyavuye mu iperereza ry’inzego z’umutekano muri Congo hamwe n’inyandikomvugo z’ibazwa zakorewe i Kinshasa n’inzego z’iperereza z’u Rwanda. [85] Dosiye igaragaza ko mu mwanzuro w’Ubushinjacyaha bwasobanuye ko Umushinjacyaha Mukuru w’u Rwanda yandikiye Umushinjacyaha Mukuru wa Congo, Umushinjacyaha wa Congo ahita aha iyo dosiye Auditeur General kuko urubanza rwakurikiranwaga n’Urukiko rwa Gisilikali, ibyari bikenewe birakorwa, kandi ko izo releve za congo zabonetse mu buryo bukurikije amategeko ya Congo, ko kandi izo releve zimaze kuboneka zishyikirizwa mu buryo bukurikije amategeko Minafet zinyuzwa muri Minijust zibona guhabwa urwego rw’Ubushinjacyaha bwari bwazisabye nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya bagaragaje ingingo ya 181 CPP.

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[86] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko Sankara ufite numero 970887092 na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou ufite numero 99346672 bavuganye inshuro zigera kuri 23 guhera ku matariki ya 14/10/2020 kugeza kuri 03/11/2020 aho uwo munsi bavuganya 09:34:42 bakavugana iminota 42, na 13:43:26 bakavugana iminota 7. Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko Doudou wavuzwe haruguru guhera ku wa 24/10/06/11/ bavuganye inshuro zigera kuri 37, n’ahandi bavuganye inshuro 39 hagati y’amatariki yavuzwe haruguru. [87] Dosiye igaragaza ko Col. Shimita na Mukarwego Ngarambe Mediatrice bavuganye inshuro zigera kuri 30 kuva 01/10/2020 kugeza 27/11/2020, n’ahandi bavuganye inshuro zigera kuri 20 muri ayo matariki. [88] Dosiye igaragaza isesengura ryo guhamagarana hagati ya Sankara na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu alias Doudou aho ryagaragaje ko guhera ku wa 17/10/2020 kugeza ku wa 02/11/2020, bavuganye inshuro zigera kuri 39, naho kuva ku wa 10/10/2021 no guhera 7/11-25/2020 Col. Shimita ufite numero 994516905 na Mukarwego Mediatrice ufite numero 993699394 bavuganye inshuro makumyabiri. Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko mu nyandiko mvugo ya Sankara abazwa ku wa 01/04/2021, yasobanuye ko nyuma yo kwica Simba, yahungiye kwa Mediatrice ahamara iminsi 3- 4 aho yazanirwaga ibyo kurya na Colonel Shimita, nyuma aramutorokesha amunyuza ku mupaka wa Bunagana amujyana I Bugande bamaze kubyumvikana na Mukarwego. Ibi bisobanuro kandi ni nabyo

yasubiyemo ubwo yabazwaga ku wa 24/11/2020 uburyo aziranye na Mediatrice na Ntabwoba. [89] Urukiko rurasanga ibyo abaregwa bavuga ko izo inyandiko z’itumanaho (relevés téléfoniques) zashatswe mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, ntashingiro byahabwa, kuko nk’uko n’Urukiko rukuru rwabisobanuye9, inzira byanyuzemo Ubushinjacyaha bwa Gisirikare busaba izo releves telephoniques muri Airtel RDC, na Airtel ikabasubiza, nta cyaherwaho mu kwemeza ko ubwo buryo budakurikije amategeko, ikindi kandi uwazisabye ariwe General de Brigade Baseleba Bin Mateto Jean akazi akora ni Avocat général des forces Arméees, Officier du Ministere Public pres la Haute Cour Militaire a Kinshasa/Gombe akaba yari afite inshingano zijyanye no gukurikirana abakoze ibyaha bya gisirikare muri Congo, byumvikane ko yari afite n’ububasha bwo kuzisaba ntawundi asabye uburenganzira. [90] Urukiko rurasanga kandi kuba abunganira abaregwa bavuga ko uyu General de Brigade Baseleba Bin Mateto Jean yari afitenye ubushuti na Simba Ngezayo bikaba byaratumye abihimba mu nyungu ze aho bavuga ko izo releves nta cachet iri kuri buri page, nta shingiro bifite kuko nta bushobozi yari afite ubwo guhuza ziriya numero na banyirazo n’igihe bavuganiye, cyane ko n’ibaruwa ziziherekeje byagaragaye ko zasinyweho n’umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha muri Airtel Congo. [91] Ku bijyanye n’ireme ryahabwa izo releves telephonique, Uru Rukiko rurasanga nk’uko byagaragajwe haruguru, abaregwa baravuganye kenshi na Sankara, Colonel Shimita watorokesheje Sankara nyuma yo kwica Simba Ngezayo, kandi releves téléhoniques zigaragaza amatariki ya mbere na nyuma yo gukora icyo cyaha, nk’uko rero n’Urukiko Rukuru rwabibonye zikwiye kwemerwa nk’ibimenyetso bihamya icyaha abaregwa kuko zinashimangirwa n’ubuhamya

9 Reba igika cya 45 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa.

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bwa Sankara wabashinje gukora iki cyaha. Bityo, kuvuga ko Urukiko rutumvise ibyo abaregwa baburanishije nta shingiro bifite. [92] Urukiko rukaba rusanga, Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu na Mukarwego Mediatrice barakoze ubufatanyacyaha mu cyaha cy’ubwicanyi, bityo iki cyaha kikaba kibahama, bakaba bagomba kugihanirwa kandi ibihano bahawe mu ruabanza rwajuririwe bikaba byari bikwiye hakurikijwe uburemere bw’icyaha bakoze bityo bakaba bagomba gukomeza guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25 ans) bahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza bajuririye. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [93] Rwemeye kureka ubujurire bwakozwe n’ubushinjacyaha ku byerekeranye n’icyaha Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu na Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice barezwe cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu gushyiraho umutwe w’abagizi ba nabi cyangwa kuwujyamo. [94] Rwemeje kwakira ubujurire rwashyikirijwe na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu na Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice [95] Rwemeje ko ubwo bujurire rwashyikirijwe na Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu na Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice nta shingiro bufite, Ntabwoba Jean de Dieu na Mukarwego Ngarambe Médiatrice bahamwa n’icyaha cy’ubufatanyacyaha mu cyaha cy’ubwicanyi; [96] Rutegetse ko imikirize y’urubanza No RPA 00428/2022/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 12/3/2024 igumyeho mu ngingo zayo zose bityo igihano bahanishijwe cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 25 kigumyeho; [97] Rutegetse ko amagarama y'urubanza aherera ku isanduku ya Leta.