UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MUKAGATARE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MUKAGATARE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-03-19 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00437/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. MUKAGATARE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00437/2023/CA (Umugwaneza, P.J.,) 19 Werurwe 2025] Amategeko agenga ibimenyetso mu manza – Ibimenyetso – Umucamanza uburanisha urubanza mu mizi niwe ureba agaciro imvugo y’uwiyemerera icyaha mu rwego rw’iperereza ifite, kabone n’iyo nyirayo yageze imbere y’Urukiko akayihindura. Amategeko agenga ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange – Kugabanyirizwa ibihano – Uregwa ntiyongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo. Incamake y’ikibazo : Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mukagatare Annoncitha na Niyonsaba Edouard mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, umwe bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi), undi bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kubika ibiyobyabwenge. Abaregwa bombi baburanye bahakana icyaha baregwa. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rushingiye ku mpamvu zitandukanye rwemeje ko Mukagatare Annonciata ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwe (urumogi), maze rumuhanisaha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’eshanu (25.000.000frw), naho Niyonsaba Edouard ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kubika ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi), ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’urwanda miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 Frw). Mukagatare Annonciatha na Niyonsaba Edouard barujuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, buri wese avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze. Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze kuri Mukagatare Annonciatha, ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite kuko mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha yemeye icyaha aregwa cyo gucuruza urumogi, ariko ko n’ubwo yavuze ko yemeye kubera inkoni yakubiswe, yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe n’inkiko, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000 Frw). Kuri Niyonsaba Edouard, Urukiko rwasanze n’ubwo yafatanywe udupfunyika maganarindwi na mirongo irindwi na dutatu (773 boules) tw’urumogi, bitafatwa ko yari arubitse mu buryo bwa “entreposage”, maze rusanga ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge, maze rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2), umwaka umwe usubitswe mu gihe cy’umwaka, rutegeka ko ahita arekurwa kuko umwaka umwe usigaye yawurangije afunzwe. Mukagatare Annonciatha yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho, asaba Urukiko kurenganurwa, maze akongera akagabanyirizwa ibihano. Ubushinjacyaha nabwo bwiregura buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Mukagatare Annonciatha nta shingiro bufite kuko uretse kuba ahakana icyaha, mu miburanire ye atashoboye kuvuguruza ibimenyetso bikimuhamya birimo imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinje ko yari asanzwe azwiho kuba ari

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umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi ndetse n’inzego z’umutekano zakoze “Target Operation” yo kumufata we na Niyonsaba Edouard zikaba zari zimufiteho amakuru ko acuruza urumogi. Incamake y’icyemezo : 1. Umucamanza uburanisha urubanza mu mizi niwe ureba agaciro imvugo y’uwiyemerera icyaha mu rwego rw’iperereza ifite, kabone n’iyo nyirayo yageze imbere y’Urukiko akayihindura. 2.Mu manza nshinjabyaha ibimenyetso byose biremewe, ibimenyetso ababuranyi bagize icyo bavugaho mu iburanisha cyangwa bigaragara mu myanzuro, nta cyabuza Urukiko kubishingiraho mu gufata icyemezo. 3. Uregwa atongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo. Ubujurire nta shingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso, ingingo ya 4; Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya 49. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPA 0010/ 06/CS - RPA 0011/06/CS - RPA 0012/06/CS, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt Ntaganira na bagenzi, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/07/2008; Urubanza RPAA 00664/2021/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Libakwe Aboubacar Elysée, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/07/2024; Urubanza RPA 0129/10/CS ku wa 7/03/2014, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mpitabakana, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwatanze umurongo; Urubanza RPA 00016/2020/CA, rw’ Ubushinjacyaha na Abayisenga Vénant na bagenzi be, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 22/03/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ubushinjacyaha bwareze Mukagatare Annoncitha na Niyonsaba Edouard mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe, Mukagatare Annonciatha bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi) naho Niyonsaba Edouard bumukurikiranyeho icyaha cyo kubika ibiyobyabwenge, buvuga ko ku itariki ya 26/06/2022, nyuma yo guhabwa amakuru n’abaturage ko Mukagatare Annonciatha acuruza urumogi ariko akarubitsa kwa Niyonsaba Edouard, Police ifatanyije n’Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bagiye kubafata, bageze kwa Niyonsaba Edouard bahasanga udupfunyika 773 tw’urumogi, avuga ko yarubikijwe na Mukagatare Annonciatha, uyu nawe bajya iwe bamusangana amafaranga 51.710 Frw yacuruje urumogi.

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[2] Mukagatare Annonciatha yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa, avuga ko bamubeshyera, ko mu mafaranga bamusanganye hari 7.000 Frw y’itsinda, naho ibiceri birengaho ari ibyo umwana we yari yakoreye ku cyuma. [3] Niyonsaba Edouard nawe yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa cyo kubika urumogi, avuga ko urumogi basanze iwe yari yarubikijwe na Mukagatare Annonciatha ubwo yari anyuze iwe agiye mu mirima mu kabande arubika atazi ko ari urumogi, ko ikosa yemera yakoze ari uko atagize ubushishozi ngo amenye ibyo abitse. [4] Mu rubana RP 00310/2022/TGI/NYBE rwaciwe ku wa 19/07/2022, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rushingiye ku mpamvu zikurikira: Kuba Niyonsaba Edouard yiyemerera ko iwe ariho hafatiwe udupfunyika 773 tw’urumogi yari yabikijwe na Mukagatare Annonciatha; Imvugo ya Mukagatare Annonciatha yavugiye mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha aho yiyemereye ko asanzwe acuruza urumogi, ko arubikirwa na Niyonsaba akamugurira ikigage, kandi ko amafaranga bamusanganye yose atari ayo yari yagurishije urumogi, ko 47.000 Frw ari ay’itsinda; Raporo y’inzego z’ibanze yo ku wa 26/06/2022; Inyandikomvugo y’ifatira ry’amwe mu mafaranga Mukagatare Annonciatha yari yacuruje urumogi nk’uko abyiyemerera n’inyandikomvugo y’ifatira ry’urumogi; Procès-verbal de constant; Imvugo z’umutangabuhamya Musonera Stanislas ushinja Mukagatare Annonciatha gucuruza urumogi; Rwemeje ko Mukagatare Annonciata ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwe (urumogi), rumuhanisaha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni makumyabiri n’eshanu (25.000.000 frw) naho Niyonsaba Edouard ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kubika ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi), ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’urwanda miliyoni makumyabiri (20.000.000 Frw). [5] Mukagatare Annonciatha na Niyonsaba Edouard barujuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza, buri wese avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, Mukagatare akavuga ko urumogi ari urwa Niyonasaba warufatanywe, ko ibyo yemeye mu nzego z’iperereza yabyejwe n’inkoni yakubiswe, Niyonsaba nawe akavuga ko urumogi ari urwa Mukagatare warumubikije, ko icyo we yakoze ari uko yabitse igikapu atazi ko kirimo urumogi. [6] Mu rubanza RPA 00485/2022/HC/NYZ rwaciwe ku wa 29/09/2023, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze kuri Mukagatare Annonciatha, ubujurire bwe nta shingiro bufite kuko mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha yemeye icyaha aregwa cyo gucuruza urumogi, ibyo avuga ko yemejwe n’inkoni akaba atabitangira ikimenyetso kandi ibyo yemeye bikaba bihura n’ibyavuzwe na Niyonsaba yabitsaga urumogi, ndetse ibyo avuga ko abatangabuhamya bamushinja bafite ibyo bapfa, nabyo akaba nta bimenyetso abigaragariza. Urukiko rwasanze ariko n’ubwo Mukagatare Annonciatha atemera icyaha, yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere

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akurikiranwe n’inkiko, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000 Frw). [7] Kuri Niyonsaba Edouard, Urukiko rwasanze n’ubwo yafatanywe udupfunyika maganarindwi na mirongo irindwi na dutatu (773 boules) tw’urumogi, bitafatwa ko yari arubitse mu buryo bwa “entreposage” buvugwa mu gika cya 3 cy’igingo ya 11 y’Itegeko N° 69/2019 ryo ku wa 08/11/2019 rihindura Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, rusanga ibikorwa yakoze bigize icyaha cyo gufatanwa ibiyobyabwenge, rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2), umwaka umwe usubitswe mu gihe cy’umwaka, rutegeka ko ahita arekurwa kuko umwaka umwe usigaye yawurangije afunzwe. [8] Mukagatare Annonciatha yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa RPAA 00437/2023/CA, ruburanishwa mu ruhame ku wa 04/03/2025, yunganiwe na Me Bigirimana Benoît, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na Uwizeye Jean Marie, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. [9] Mukagatare Annonciatha avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, mu gihe uwafatiwe mu cyuho agikora ariwe Niyonsaba Edouard yarekuwe, ko ibimenyetso byashingiweho bitera gushidikanya kandi kurengera ushinjwa, asaba kurenganurwa akagirwa umwere. Me Bigirimana Benoît umwunganira avuga ko Urukiko rubibonye ukundi, rwazagabanyiriza Mukagatare Annonciatha igihano kuko bwaba ari ubwambere yaba akoze icyaha. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko ubujurire bwa Mukagatare Annonciatha nta shingiro bufite kuko uretse kuba avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, atavuguruza ibimenyetso byashingiweho bikimuhamya, ariko ko yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 2 y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, agahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). [11] Hakurikijwe imiburanire y’impande zombi, muri uru rubanza harasuzumwa ibibazo bikurikira: a. Kumenya niba Mukagatare Annonciatha yarahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho; b. Kumenya niba Mukagatare Annonciatha yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Ibyerekeye kumenya niba Mukagatare Annonciatha yarahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho [12] Mukagatare Annonciatha avuga ko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze, mu gihe uwafatiwe mu cyuho agikora ariwe Niyonsaba Edouard yarekuwe. Asobanura ko mu gufatwa kwe nta rumogi yafatanywe nk’uko n’abamufashe babyemeza, ko rwafatanywe uwitwa Niyonsaba Edouard, uyu abeshya abamufashe ko ari urwa Mukagatare Annonciatha nabo babyemera batyo, bajya iwe murugo kumusaka ntihagira urumogi bahasanga cyangwa ngo babone ikimenyetso cyarwo, bamusangana amafaranga 52.710 Frw bahita bayatwara bavuga ko ari ayo yacuruje uromogi,

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bahita bamufata bavuga ko urumogi basanze kwa Niyonsaba ari urwe, abyanze baramukubita bituma avamo inda y’amezi atatu (3) yari atwite, Niyonsaba wafatanywe urumogi ararekurwa naho we akatirwa imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) arengana, asaba Urukiko kubisuzumana ubushishozi, akarenganurwa uwakoze icyaha akaba ariwe ugihanirwa. [13] Mukagatare Annonciatha akomeza avuga ko mukumuhamya icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho, birimo: raporo y’inzego z’iperereza, n’imvugo z’abatangabuhamya babajijwe aribo Musonera Stanislas, Mukamusonera Anastasie na Niyonsaba Edouard, ko abo batangabuhamya bose bafitanye ibibazo ku buryo batari kumuvuga neza. Asobanura ko Musonera Stanislas yamuteranyije n’umugabo we ashaka kumusenyera urumogo, ko Mukamusonera Anastasie bahoraga bapfa imirima kuko amasambu yabo ahana imbibe, naho Niyonsaba yigeze kumurega ko yamurogeye umwana ariko amubeshyera, biza kurangira umwana abaye muzima nta n’umuvuzi agaragaje yamuvujeho, ko rero bitumvikana uburyo umuntu wamwise umurozi bari kongera kwiyunga kugeza aho yamubitsa urumogi, kandi ko atari kubitsa urumogi ngo abure na rukeya asigarana. Ku bijyanye na raporo y’inzego z’ibanze, Mukagatare Annonciatha ayinenga ko Bimenyimana Claver yahatiwe kuyikora no kwemeza ko Mukagatare Annonciatha acuruza urumogi. [14] Me Bigirimana Benoît avuga ko Mukagatare Annonciatha yahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku kuba yaracyemeye mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha, ko uko kwemera kutagombaga gushingirwaho kuko mu Bugenzacayaha yabajijwe atisanzuye bitewe n’uko yari mu makuba yo kugira inda ishaka kuvamo kubera inkoni yari yakubiswe ahatirwa kwemera icyaha atakoze, naho mu Bushinjacyaha n’ubwo atakubitwaga ariko yari agifungiwe muri kasho aho yari agicunzwe n’abamukubise ngo yemere icyaha, kandi ko yari afite ikibazo gikomeye cy’inda yashakaga kuvamo bituma adatekana ngo asubize nta gihunga, bityo ko kwemera icyaha mu bihe nk’ibyo bitafatwa nk’ikimenyetso kuko yari yarahungabanye. [15] Me Bigirimana Benoît akomeza avuga ko uretse amagambo ya Niyonsaba Edouard, nta yindi gihamya y’uko Mukagatare Annonciatha acuruza urumogi kuko ntarwo bamufatanye, imvugo z’abandi batangabuhamya nazo zikaba zitashingirwaho kuko nta warumufatanye nta n’uwagaragajwe yarugurishije cyangwa ngo abo batangabuhamya babe baragaragaje aho arurangura, ikindi kandi bakaba bavuga ko amaze imyaka 16 acuruza urumogi ariko bikaba bitumvikana uburyo yamara icyo gihe cyose atarafatwa, bityo ko ubwo buhamya butagombaga gushingirwaho kuko bushingiye ku nzangano, ko kubera iyo mpamvu ibimenyetso byashingiweho bitera gushidikanya kandi kurengera ushinjwa, asaba ko hashingirwa ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha Mukagatare Annonciatha akagirwa umwere. [16] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ubujurire bwa Mukagatare Annonciatha nta shingiro bufite kuko uretse kuba ahakana icyaha, mu miburanire ye atashoboye kuvuguruza ibimenyetso bikimuhamya birimo imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinje ko yari asanzwe azwiho kuba ari umucuruzi w’ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi ndetse n’inzego z’umutekano zakoze “Target Operation” yo kumufata we na Niyonsaba Edouard zikaba zari zimufiteho amakuru ko acuruza urumogi. Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko mu nzego z’iperereza Mukagatare Annonciatha yemeye icyaha kubera inkoni yakubiswe, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko atari ukuri kuko nta bimenyetso abitangira.

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UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [17] Muri iyi ngingo, hagiye gusuzumwa ukuri kw’ibyo Mukagatare Annonciatha avuga by’ubyo yahamijwe icyaha atakoze hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho, harebwa niba hari ibimenyetso atanga bishyigikira ukwiregura kwe nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 4, agace ka (1) y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryo ku wa 20/06/2024 rigenga ibimenyetso ivuga ko: “…. Uwiregura agaragaza ikimenyetso gishyigikira ukwiregura kwe….”. [18] Ikibazo kijyanye n’ibimenyetso mu manza nshinjabya, cyatanzweho umurongo n’uru Rukiko mu rubanza RPA 00016/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 22/03/2024, haburana Ubushinjacyaha, Abayisenga Vénant na bagenzi be. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku ngingo ya 108, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/09/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha nk’uko ryahinduwe kugeza ubu1, rwemeje ko mu manza nshinjabyaha ibimenyetso byose byemewe, ko ibimenyetso ababuranyi bagize icyo bavugaho mu iburanisha cyangwa bigaragara mu myanzuro, nta cyabuza Urukiko kubishingiraho mu gufata icyemezo2. [19] Mu rubanza RPA 0010/ 06/CS - RPA 0011/06/CS - RPA 0012/06/CS, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/07/2008, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Sgt Ntaganira na bagenzi, Urukiko rwemeje ko Umucamanza uburanisha urubanza mu mizi ariwe ureba agaciro imvugo y’uwiyemerera icyaha mu rwego rw’iperereza ifite, kabone n’iyo nyirayo yageze imbere y’Urukiko akayihindura3. Uyu murongo washingiwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire mu manza zitandukanye rwaciye, harimo urubanza RPAA 00664/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/07/2024 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Libakwe Aboubacar Elysée. [20] Dosiye y’uru rubanza igaragaza ko ku wa 26/06/2022, Niyonsaba Edourd yafatanywe udupfunyika 773 tw’urumogi, yisobanura avuga ko yaruhawe na Mukagatare Annonciatha ngo arumubikire uyu nawe arashakishwa arafatwa4. Niyonsaba Edouard abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha, mu Bushinjacyaha ndetse anaburana mu nkiko zibanza, yavuze ko urumogi yafatanywe rutari urwe ko yarubikijwe na Mukagatare Annoncitha arubika atazi ko ari urumogi, yasobanuye ko mu gitondo cyo ku itariki ya 26/06/2022, Mukagatare Annonciatha yanyuze iwe agiye mu mu murima mu kabande, amusigira agakapu ngo akamubikire, akabika atazi ikirimo, amenya ko ari urumogi ari uko baje kumufata55.

1 Ivuga ko “Ibimenyetso bishobora gushingira ku mpamvu zose z’ibyabaye n’ibyemejwe n’amategeko, ababuranyi bapfa kuba barabigiyeho impaka”.

2 Reba igika cya 95 cy’urwo rubanza

3 Reba igika cya 46 cy’urwo rubanza

4 Reba inyandikomvugo imenyesha yakozwe n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha ku wa 29/06/2022.

5 Reba nyandikomvugo y’ibazwa rya Niyonsaba Edouard mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 26/06/2022, iyo mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 30/06/2022, igika cya 4 n’icya 10 by’urubanza RP 00310/2022/TGI/NYBE Rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe ku wa 19/07/2022 n’igika cya 18 cy’urubanza RPA 00485/2022/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 29/09/2023 (urubanza rujuririrwa).

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[21] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko Mukagatare Annonciatha ari imbere y’Ubugenzacyaha ku wa 26/06/2022, yemeye icyaha aregwa cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge by’urumogi anagisabira imbabazi, avuga ko urumogi arubitsa kwa Niyonsaba Edouard akamugenera igihembo, ko aruzanirwa n’umusore atazi amazina uruzana kuri Moto, ko uwo musore yarumuzaniye inshuro ebyiri ari nazo nshuro yarubikije kwa Niyonsaba, ko kunshuro ya mbere yamuzaniye udupfunyika 300 tw’urumogi, ubwa kabiri amuzanira udupfunyika 800 ari narwo rwafashwe hasigaye udupfunyika 773 urundi yararugurishije. Imbere y’Ubushinjacyaha ku wa 30/06/2022, Mukagatare Annonciatha yakomeje kwemera icyaha mu buryo bumwe n’ubwo yacyemeyemo mu Bugenzacyaha, yongeraho ko amafaranga 52.710Frw bamusanganye yose atari ayo yacuruje urumogi, ko harimo 47.000Frw y’itsinda. [22] Dosiye igaragaza na none imvugo ya Musonera Stanislas abazwa mu Bugenzacyaha ku wa 28/06/2022, aho yavuze ko urumogi Niyonsaba Edouard yafatanywe ku itariki ya 26/06/2022 rwari urwa Mukagatare Annonciatha, ko uyu asanzwe acuruza urumogi, ko mu myaka 13 bamaze baturanye yarucuruzaga, ko yigeze no kujya arubitsa umugore we (umugore wa Musonera Stanislas), abimenye aramubuza bituma bangana na Mukagatare. [23] Imikirize y’urubanza RPA 00485/2022/HC/NYZ (rujuririrwa), igaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwashyigikiye icyemezo cyafashwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe mu rubanza RP 00310/2022/TGI/NYBE rwaciwe ku wa 19/07/2022, gihamya Mukagatare Annonciatha icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mubwoko bw’urumogi, rushingiye ku kuba yaracyiyemereye mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha, imvugo ya Niyonsaba Edouard yabitsaga urumogi no kumvugo z’abatangabuhamya. [24] Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwasanze ibyo Mukagatare Annonciatha avuga ko icyaha yacyemejwe n’inkoni yakubiswe bikanamuviramo kuvamo inda yari atwite, nta shingiro bifite kuko nta kimenyetso agaragaza cy’uko gukubitwa kandi ibyo yemeye bikaba bihura neza n’ibyavuzwe na Niyonsaba Edouard yabitsaga urumogi, ikindi kandi Mukagatare ari imbere y’Urukiko akaba yarivugiye ko mu Bushinjacyaha atakubiswe, ko ahubwo bamwandikiye ibyo atavuze. Urukiko rwasanze kandi ibyo Mukagatare Annonciatha avuga ko abatangabuhamya bamushinja bamubeshyera kuko bafite ibyo bapfa, nta shingiro bigomba guhabwa kuko nta bimenyetso abigaragariza. [25] Hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 4 y’Itegeko N° 062/2024 ryavuzwe haruguru no ku murongo watanzwe mu rubanza RPA 00016/2020/CA wibukijwe mu gika cya 18 cy’uru rubanza, rurasanga nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwabibonye, ibyo Mukagatare Annonciatha yiyemereye mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha ko acuruza urumogi, ko arubitsa kwa Niyonsaba Edouard kandi ko mu mafaranga 52.710 Frw bamusanganye harimo ayo yari yagurishije urumogi, imvugo ya Niyonsaba Edouard umushinja ko yamubikije urumogi udupfunyika 773 ari naryo yafatanywe n’imvugo ya Musonera Stanislas umushinja ko asanzwe acuruza urumogi ariko agashaka abarumubikira ko hari n’igihe yigeze kujya arubitsa umugore we abimenye aramubuza, ko n’urwafatiwe kwa Niyonsaba ari we wari warubikije yo, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ari ibimenyetso bifatika byemeza nta shiti ko Mukagatare Annonciatha acuruza ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi), imiburanire ye y’uko yahamijwe icyaha atakoze ikaba nta shingiro ifite kuko atabasha kugaragaza ibimenyetso bibyemeza bivuguruza ibikimuhamya.

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[26] Ku bijyanye n’imiburanire ya Mukagatare Annonciatha n’umwunganira y’uko mu Bugenzacyaha yemejwe n’inkoni yakubiswe zanatumye avamo inda yari atwite, ko naho mu Bushinjacyaha n’ubwo atakubiswe ariko yari agicumbikiwe kuri kasho aho yarindwaga n’abamukubise bituma akomeza kwemera icyaha atakoze kandi icyo gihe yari atisanzuye kuko yari mu makuba yo kugira inda ishaka kuvamo, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro ifite kuko atabitangira ibimenyetso bibyemeza, uretse kuba yaragaragaje icyemezo ngo yasohokeyeho ava kwa muganga (Billet de sostie) ku bitaro bya Kigeme, kigaragaza ko yinjiye muri ibyo bitaro tariki ya 04/07/2022, abisohokamo tariki 06/07/2022 kandi ko inda yari afite yavuyemo. Urukiko rukaba rusanga icyo cyemezo kitashingirwaho ngo hemezwe ko Mukagatare Annonciatha yakubishwe mu Bugenzacyaha kuko nta kigaragaza ko koko cyatanzwe n’ibitaro mu gihe kitariho kashe yabyo, uretse n’ibyo kandi nta n’ubwo icyo cyemezo kigaragaza ko kuvamo inda kwa Mukagatare kwaba kwaratewe no gukubitwa, cyane cyane ko igihe avuga ko yabajijwe mu Bugenzacyaha akubitwa gihabanye cyane n’igihe yaba yaraviriyemo inda, kuko yafashwe ku wa 26/06/2022 ari nawo munsi yabarijweho mu Bugenzacyaha, abazwa mu Bushinjacyaha ku wa 30/06/2022, ajya mu bitaro ku itariki ya 04/06/2022. [27] Mu yandi magambo, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga icyemezo kimaze kuvugwa mu gika kibanziriza iki, kidahagije ngo hemezwe ko Mukagatare Annonciatha yakubiswe bikamuviramo gukuramo inda yari atwite ari nabyo byatumye mu nzego z’iperereza yemera icyaha atakoze, kuko nta kigaragaza ko cyatanzwe n’ibitaro mu gihe kitariho kashe y’ibitaro byagitanze, kikaba kitanagaragaza ko inda ye yavuyemo biturutse ku nkoni yakubishwe, n’amatariki agaragara ko yavirimo inda ahabanye n’igihe yabarijwe mu nzego z’iperereza. [28] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rushingiye ku murongo watanzwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga mu rubanza RPA 0010/ 06/CS - RPA 0011/06/CS - RPA 0012/06/CS rwibukije mu gika cya 19 cy’uru rubanza, rurasanga nta cyabuza ko ukwemera icyaha kwa Mukagatare Annonciatha mu nzego z’iperereza gushingirwaho mu kumuhamya icyaha kabone n’ubwo yageze mu Rukiko akagihakana kuko nk’uko n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rwabibonye, ibyo yemeye bishyigikiwe n’imvugo ya Niyonsaba Edouard n’iya Musonera Stanislas. [29] Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko Musonera Sitanislas na Niyonsaba Edouard bafitanye ibibazo na Mukagatare Annonciatha, bityo ko ubuhamya bwabo butashingirwaho, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta shingiro byahabwa kuko uretse kuba Mukagatare abivuga mu magambo gusa, atagaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo bibazo bagiranye byatuma bamubeshyera, kandi ibyo bamushinja nawe ubwe akaba yarabyiyemereye mu nzego z’iperereza. [30] Kubera impamvu zose zimaze gusobanurwa haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ubujurire bwa Mukagatare Annonciatha nta shingiro bufite kuko yahamijwe icyaha hashingiwe ku bimenyetso bidashidikanywaho akaba atabasha kubivuguruza. 2.Ibijyanye no kumenya niba Mukagatare Annonciatha yakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano [31] Me Bigirimana Benoît avuga ko Urukiko ruramutse rubibonye ukundi, rwagabanyiriza Mukagatare Annonciatha igihano kuko bwaba ari ubwa mbere yaba akoze icyaha. [32] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko Mukagatare Annonciatha yagabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku ngingo ya y’Itegeko N° 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku

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wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange66, agahanishwa igifungwa cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [33] Ingingo ya 49, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko N° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko «Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo». [34] Mu rubanza RPA 0129/10/CS ku wa 7/03/2014, Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Mpitabakana, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwatanze umurongo uvuga ko “Uregwa atongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano, iyo mu bujurire Urukiko rusanga yarabigabanyirijwe bihagije, harebwe uburemere bw’icyaha n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo”. Uyu murongo wakomejwe gukurikizwa mu manza nyinshi zaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kugeza nan’ubu7. [35] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko Mukagatare Annonciatha yafatanywe udupfunyika 773 tw’urumogi yarubikije kwa Niyonsaba Edouard, mu nzego z’iperereza yemeye icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge (urumogi), imbere y’inkiko mu iburanisha aragihakana, ariko inkiko zisanga n’ubwo agihakana hari ibimenyetso bikimuhamya, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyamagabe rumuhanisha igifungo cya burundu n’ihazabu ya 25.000.000Frw, naho Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza rusanga n’ubwo atemera icyaha, yagabanyirizwa igihano kuko ari ubwa mbere akurikiranwe n’inkiko, ahanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000Frw). [36] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga harebwe ingano nini y’ibiyobyabwenge (udupfunyika 773 tw’urumogi) Mukagatare Annonciatha yafatanywe rwo gucuruza yarubikije kwa Niyonsaba Edouard, kugeza ubu akaba akomeje kwinangira umutima, atemera icyaha ngo akicuze anagisabire imbabazi, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano yahawe cyo gufungwa imyaka cumi n’irindwi (17) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda miliyoni cumi n’eshanu (15.000.000Frw) kirebewe hamwe n’uburemere bw’icyaha yakoze, aricyo gikwiye kikaba kitakongera kugabanywa. [37] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byose byatanzwe muri uru rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ubujurire bwa Mukagatare Annonciatha nta shingiro bufite, urubanza yajuririye rukaba rudahindutse. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO

6 Ivuga ko « Iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano ku buryo bukurikira: (a) igifungo cya burundu gishobora kugabanywa ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15; ……… (d) igihano cy’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri kimwe cya kane cy’igihano cy’ihazabu gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe…”.

7 Reba urubanza RPAA 00330/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 24/01/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha Nyabyenda Evariste (igika cya 22), urubanza RPAA 00317/2024/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 27/01/2025 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Tuyizere Mustafa (igika cya 17) n’izindi.

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[38] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Mukagatare Annonciatha nta shingiro bufite; [39] Rwemeje ko urubanza RPA 00485/2022/HC/NYZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Nyanza ku wa 29/09/2023, rudahindutse; [40] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherereye ku Isanduku ya Leta kuko Mukagatare Annonciatha yajuriye afunze akaba asonewe kuyatanga.