GASIBIREGE v. BPR BANK RWANDA PLC

# GASIBIREGE v. BPR BANK RWANDA PLC

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-11-21 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA 00052/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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GASIBIREGE v. BPR BANK RWANDA PLC [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA 00052/2024/CA (Ngagi, P.J.) 21 Ugushyingo 2025] Itegeko rigenga amasezerano – Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Incamake y’ikibazo: Gasibirege yatije CLECO INVEST Ltd umutungo we ugizwe n’inzu kugirango iwutangeho ingwate muri BPR BANK RWANDA Plc bityo ihabwe inguzanyo, ndetse hakorwa na Abstract of mortgage Agreement (AOMA) ayisinyaho. Nyuma haje kubaho loan restructuring, inguzanyo yahawe CLECO INVEST Ltd ihuzwa n’iyahawe GEOCOTRA COMPANY umutungo wa Gasibirege ukomeza kuba ingwate y’iyo nguzanyo ndetse hanakorwa AOMA kandi ko Gasibirege yashyizeho umukono; we agahakana ko uwo mukono atari uwe. Gasibirege yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi avuga ko umukono uri kuri AOMA atari uwe, asaba ko AOMA yateshwa agaciro, umutungo we ugakurwa mu bugwate, agahabwa ibyangombwa byawo Banki ishingiraho ishaka guteza cyamunara. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi nyuma yo kwiyambazwa Rwanda Forensic Laboratory isaba ko irugarargariza niba umukono ugaragara kuri AOMA ari uwa Gasibirige cyangwa atari uwe, nayo muri raporo yayo ikagaragaza ko umukono ugaragara kuri AOMA utandukanye n’ugaraga ku nyandiko y’igereranya ry’imikono itagibwaho impaka, yemeza ko umukono atari uwa Gasibirege, urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego cya Gasibirege gifite ishingiro, ko AOMA iteshejwe agaciro, umutungo we uvanwa mu bugwate, ndetse ahabwa ibyangombwa byawo. BPR yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ivuga ko irusaba kongera gusuzuma niba Abstract of Mortgage Agreement yo ku wa 15/05/2019, ku mutungo wa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ufite UPI: 1/03/02/02/615 yateshwa agaciro agasubizwa icyangombwa cy’uwo mutungo mu gihe hakiri umwenda utarishyurwa, no kongera gusuzuma ibyerekeye indishyi zasabwe. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu guca urubanza rwemeza ko ubujurire bufite ishingiro, ko umutungo uguma mu bugwate, ko urubanza ruhindutse. Gasibirege yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, mu iburanisha ry’urwo rubanza, Urukiko rusaba ababuranyi kumvikana, bakora amasezerano yo kwikiranura yemeza ko barangije ikibazo bari bafitanye mu rubanza rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire bayashyira muri sisitemu, ku munsi w’iburanisha bamenyesha Urukiko ko bakemuye ikibazo bari bafitanye mu bwumvikane nk’uko bikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye. Incamake y’icyemezo: Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane agomba kubahirizwa. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, Ingingo ya 64.

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Nta manza zifashishijwe Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 20/02/2015, Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine yatije sosiyete yitwa CLECO INVEST Ltd umutungo we ugizwe n’inzu ubaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/02/02/615, kugira ngo iwutangeho ingwate ku nguzanyo yasabaga muri BPR BANK RWANDA Plc. Ku wa 09/03/2015, hakozwe Abstract of Mortgage Agreement igaragaza ko uwo mutungo utanzweho ingwate muri BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ayishyiraho umukono. [2] Ku wa 15/05/2019, habaye ivugururwa ry’inguzanyo CLECO INVEST Ltd yari yarahawe na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, iyo nguzanyo ihuzwa n’iyari yarahawe GEOCOTRA COMPANY, bikorerwa amasezerano y’iguriza, ariko hanakorwa amasezerano y’ubugwate (Abstract of Mortgage Agreement) agaragaza ko umutungo wavuzwe haruguru wakomeje kuba ingwate, kandi ko Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine nka nyir’ umutungo yayishyizeho umukono. [3] Ku wa 16/08/2022, Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine yareze BPR BANK RWANDA Plc mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, arusaba gutesha agaciro Abstract of Mortgage Agreement (AOMA) yo ku wa 15/05/2019, umutungo ufite UPI: 1/03/02/02/615 ugakurwa mu bugwate maze agasubizwa ibyangombwa byawo; asobanura ko iyo AOMA, Banki ishingiraho ishaka guteza cyamunara umutungo we ntaho ahuriye nayo, kuko umukono uyigaragaraho atari uwe. [4] BPR BANK RWANDA Plc yireguye ivuga ko umukono uri kuri iyo nyandiko ari uwa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine kuko byakorewe imbere ya Noteri. [5] Mu gukemura impaka kuri iyo AOMA, ababuranyi bombi babyemeranyijeho, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwategetse ko RWANDA FORENSIC LABOLATORY (RFL) isuzuma niba umukono uyigaragaraho ari uwa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine cyangwa niba atari uwe. RWANDA FORENSIC LABORATORY (RFL) yagereranyije imikono ya Gasibirege Erenestine iri ku nyandiko zinyuranye ndetse n’izo yasinyiye mu Rukiko, maze muri raporo yayo yo ku wa 13/06/2023, yemeza ko umukono wa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ugaragara kuri Abstract of Mortgage Agreement (amendment) yo ku wa 15/05/2019, utandukanye n’umukono we ugaragara ku nyandiko zo kugereranyirizaho ziriho imikono itagibwaho impaka, byumvikana ko uwo mukono atari uwa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine. [6] Mu rubanza RCOM 01247/2022/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 14/09/2023, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko: a) Ko ikirego cyatanzwe na Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine gifite ishingiro; b) Abstract of Mortgage Agreement (Amendment) yo ku wa 15/05/2019 iteshejwe agaciro; c) umutungo wa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ugizwe n’inzu ibaruye kuri UPI: 1/03/02/02/615, uherereye mu Kagari ka Karambo, Umurenge wa Gatenga, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali, uvanwa mu bugwate, BPR BANK RWANDA Plc igasubiza Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ibyangombwa by’uwo mutungo;

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d) BPR BANK RWANDA Plc iha Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine indishyi z’akababaro zingana na 500.000 Frw; e) BPR BANK RWANDA Plc iha Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza 200.000 Frw, igihembo cya Avoka kingana na 500.000 Frw), na 186.480 Frw yishyuye kuri expertise yakozwe na RWANDA FORENSIC LABORATORY; f) BPR BANK RWANDA Plc iha Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ingwate y’amagarama ingana na 20.000 Frw yatanze arega. [7] BPR BANK RWANDA Plc yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, irusaba kongera gusuzuma niba Abstract of Mortgage Agreement yo ku wa 15/05/2019, ku mutungo wa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ufite UPI: 1/03/02/02/615 yateshwa agaciro agasubizwa icyangombwa cy’uwo mutungo mu gihe hakiri umwenda utarishyurwa, no kongera gusuzuma ibyerekeye indishyi zasabwe. [8] Gasibirege Gatete Ernestine yireguye ku mpamvu z’ubujurire za BPR BANK RWANDA Plc avuga ko nta shingiro zifite, kuko nta kimenyetso itanga kigaragaza ko inguzanyo ya mbere yishingiye igihari itarangije kwishyurwa, nk’uko n’Urukiko rubanza rwabigaragaje mu gika cya 21, cy’urubanza RCOM 01247/2022/TC rwajuririwe; asoza asaba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [9] Mu rubanza RCOMA 000495/2023/HCC rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/06/2024, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko : a) ubujurire bwatanzwe na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc bufite ishingiro; b) urubanza RCOM 01247/2022/TC ruhindutse; c) umutungo wa Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ugizwe n’inzu ibaruye kuri UPI:1/03/02/02/615, uherereye mu Kagari ka Karambo, Umurenge wa Gatenga, Akarere ka Kicukiro, Umujyi wa Kigali, ugumye mu bugwate bwa BPR BANK RWANDA Plc k’unguzanyo ya Abstract of Mortgage Agreement/Amendment yo ku wa 15/05/2019; d) Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine yishyura BPR BANK RWANDA Plc 1.200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka; e) Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine yishyura BPR BANK RWANDA Plc 40.000 Frw y’amagarama yishyuye ijurira. [10] Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine yajuririye uru Rukiko, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RCOMAA 00052/2024/CA. Urubanza rwahamagajwe ku wa 05/11/2025, Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ahagarariwe na Me Irafasha Felix afatanyije na Me Munyangabe Henry Pierre, naho BPR BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe na Me Mugemanyi Vedaste, Urukiko rugira inama ababuranyi yo kugerageza gukemura mu bwumvikane ikibazo bafitanye, nabo barabyemera; iburanisha ryimurirwa ku wa 18/11/2025, kuri iyo tariki, urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu ruhame, Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine ahagarariwe na Me Irafasha Felix, naho BPR BANK RWANDA Plc ihagarariwe nka mbere, maze ababuranyi bamenyesha Urukiko ko bakemuye mu bwumvikane

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ikibazo bari bafitanye. Urukiko rurasuzuma ingaruka y’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane impande zombi zagiranye. II. IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYACYO

Kumenya ingaruka z’amasezerano yo kwikiranura yabaye hagati ya Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc [11] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano, iteganya ibikurikira: “Amasezerano akozwe ku buryo bukurikije amategeko aba itegeko ku bayagiranye. (…)”. [12] Nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 05/11/2025, nyuma y’uko ababuranyi bagiriwe inama yo gukemura ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane, bamenyesheje Urukiko ko babyemeye; maze nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 9, igika cya 3, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018, ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Urukiko rusubika urubanza mu gihe ubwumvikane bwarimo bukorwa. Ku 14/11/2025, Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc bakoze amasezerano yo kwikiranura yemeza ko barangije ikibazo bari bafitanye mu rubanza RCOMAA 00052/2024/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Ayo masezerano bayashyize muri sisitemu ku wa 18/11/2025, maze mu iburanisha ry’uwo munsi bamenyesha Urukiko ko bakemuye ikibazo bari bafitanye mu bwumvikane nk’uko bikubiye mu masezerano impande zombi zagiranye. [13] Urukiko rurasanga amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yashyizweho umukono na Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, ku wa 14/11/2025, akemuye ikibazo ababuranyi bari bafitanye, akaba asoje urubanza RCOMAA 00052/2024/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hagati ya Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc, kandi akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’impande zombi zayagiranye nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko Nº 45/2011 ryo ku wa 25/11/2011 rigenga amasezerano ryibukijwe haruguru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [14] Rwemeje ko amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye ku wa 14/11/2025, hagati ya Gasibirege Gatege Ernestine na BPR BANK RWANDA Plc asoje urubanza RCOMAA 00052/2024/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, akaba agomba kubahirizwa. [15] Ruvuze ko amagarama aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.