GASORE N’ABANDI v. UMUHOZA N’ABANDI

# GASORE N’ABANDI v. UMUHOZA N’ABANDI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2025-09-29 - Case/document no.: RSA/INTERT/RC 00001/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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GASORE N’ABANDI v. UMUHOZA N’ABANDI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RSA/INTERT/RC 00001/2024/CA (Ngagi, P.J.) 29 Nzeri 2025] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano – Gukosoza cyangwa Gusobanuza urubanza – Ubujurire – Gukosora urubanza cyangwa kurusobanura si inzira Umushingamategeko yahaye umuburanyi imuhesha uburenganzira bwo kujuririra urubanza rw’iremezo rwarengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa, cyane ko urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rushobora kujuririrwa rwonyine, kandi ubwo bujurire bugomba kuba bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye gusobanura urubanza. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze, Gasore Jean de Dieu arega abavandimwe be Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mugisha Jean Claude, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile na Sebagenzi Jean ko bikubiye ku bw’uburiganya imitungo y’ababyeyi babo bitabye Imana, yabasaba ko bayigabana ku neza bakabyanga, bayibyaza umusaruro bonyine, atanga ikirego asaba Urukiko gutegeka ko bagabana iyo mirima uko ari itandatu (6) n'amazu abiri (2) yasizwe n’ababyeyi babo ku buryo bungana nk’uko amategeko abiteganya. Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego nta shingiro gifite, ko imirima itandatu (6) n’inzu byaregewe muri uru rubanza byazunguwe, rutegeka Gasore gutanga 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. Gasore yajuririye mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, muri urwo rubanza hagobokamo abandi bana bavuga ko ari bene Serugendo, ko nabo bagomba kugira uruhare ku izungura ku ruhare rwa se. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko abazungura ba Serugendo gusa bagomba kugabana n'abazungura ba Serugendo n' Ahobantegeye Mwamini uruhare rwa se Serugendo rungana na 50% y'imitungo iburanwa, bakagabana mu buryo buringaniye; iyo mitungo yose izungurwa ikagurishwa hanyuma abazungura bakagabana amafaranga avuyemo ku buryo bwubahirije amategeko. Abavandimwe ba Gasore barimo Umuhoza Alice, Nyirabisabo Jacquiline na Ndayisaba Célestin batambamiye urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, bavuga ko nabo ari abazungura ba Serugendo n’Ahobantegeye Mwamini, bavuga kandi ko Urukiko rwaciye urubanza kukitararegewe kuko rwatesheje agaciro impano ndetse n’intekeshwa Ahobantegeye yari yaratanze mbere yuko apfa. Abavandimwe bandi baburanye bavuga ko hari ibyakozwe na nyakwigendera atanga iminani kandi ko abahawe bashize ibikorwa byabo mu mitungo bahawe ko buri wese yagumana ibyo yahawe. Urukiko Rukuru Urugereko rwa Musanze rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko Abazungura bagumana imitungo bahawe n’abayibahaye; Ingarigari zasizwe na Serugendo Abuduruheri na Ahobantegeye Mwamini zigurishwa zikagabanwa mu buryo bwasobanuwe muri uru rubanza. Gasore yatanze ikirego mu ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, arusaba kurusobanura, akavuga ko mu irangizwa ry’urwo rubanza, Umuhesha w’Inkiko yahuye

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n’imbogamizi z’uko mu cyemezo cyarwo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rutagaragaje UPI z’imitungo yiswe ingarigari zigomba kugabanywa abazungura, bityo arusaba kugaragaza ingarigari zigomba kugabanywa abazungura ba Serugendo Abuduruheri na Ahobantegeye Mwamini. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko ikirego gusaba gukora urubanza nta shingiro gifite, ko ingarigari zivugwa mu rubanza ari aho Ahobantegeye Mwamini yari atuye mbere y’uko apfa, hatitawe ku waba warahiyandikishijeho nyuma; ko ingarigari zigomba kugabanwa mu buryo bwasobanuwe mu rubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 30/07/2024. Gasore n’abavandimwe be aribo Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine bajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ku rundi ruhande abaregwa batanga inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe bakavuga ko kujuririra urubanza rw’iremezo binyuze mu nzira yo kurusobanuza cyangwa kurukosoza, bishoboka mu gihe mu kurusobanura cyangwa mu kurukosora hahindutse icyemezo cyari cyafashwe mu rubanza rukosorwa cyangwa rusobanuza, kandi ubujurire bukaba bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye ikosorwa cyangwa isobanura ry’urubanza, ariko ko atariko bimeze mu rubanza rusabirwa gukosorwa kuko Urukiko rwavuze ko ntacyo gusobanura bityo Urukiko rukaba ntacyo rwahinduye. Ku ruhande rw’abajuriye bavuga ko bajuriye mu bihe biteganywa n’amategeko, kuko urubanza rusobanurwa rujuririrwa hamwe n’urubanza rw’iremezo, bityo ko utishimiye uko Urukiko rwabisobanuye ashobora kurujurirana n’urubanza rw’iremezo (principal), ibyo bikaba binateganywa n’ingingo ya 140 CPCSSA. Incamake y’icyemezo: Gukosora urubanza cyangwa kurusobanura si inzira Umushingamategeko yahaye umuburanyi imuhesha uburenganzira bwo kujuririra urubanza rw’iremezo rwarengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa, cyane ko urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rushobora kujuririrwa rwonyine, kandi ubwo bujurire bugomba kuba bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye gusobanura urubanza. Inzitizi ifite ishingiro. Ubujurire ntibwakiriwe kuko habayeho gutinda kujurira. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 140, igika cya 2. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCAA 0002/15/CS; Mukarushakiro Gloriose n’abandi vs Gahire Athanase rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 20/01/2017. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA

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[1] Gasore Jean de Dieu avuga ko umubyeyi we Serugendo Abuduruheli yapfuye mu mwaka wa 1991, naho nyina Ahobantegeye Mwamini apfa mu mwaka wa 2017, asiga imitungo yari afite nk’ingarigari igizwe n’umutungo ubaruye kuri UPI: 5265 w’ikibanza kirimo inzu yari atuyemo, giherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rugeshi, Akagari ka Bukinanyana, Umurenge wa Cyuve, igitari n'inzu ikodeshwa kibaruye kuri Nº7689 iherereye mu Mudugudu wa Rugeshi, Akagari ka Bukinanyana, Umurenge wa Cyuve, uwitwa Kuradusenge Ruth yiyanditseho umuryango wose utabizi mu mwaka wa 2011, umurima w’ahantu bita mu matongo ufite UPI: 881 na wo wanditswe kuri Kuradusenge Ruth batabizi mu mwaka wa 2011, umurima uri ku Karwasa- Kavumu ubaruye kuri Nº2394 /MUS-GAC- Kavumu (Succession Ahobantegeye Mwamini), umurima Nº 7893 Mus/Muh, uherereye Cyabararika, Muhoza, Musanze (Succession Ahobantegeye Mwamini), n’umurima ufite Nº 818/Mus/Cyuve uherereye mu gahobobo (succession Ahobantegeye Mwamini). [2] Avuga kandi ko kuva Ahobantegeye Mwamini yapfa, iyo mitungo yose abavandimwe be Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mugisha Jean Claude, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile na Sebagenzi Jean bayikubiye mu buryo bw’uburiganya, yabasaba ko bayigabana ku neza bakabyanga, kuri ubu bakaba bayibyaza umusaruro bonyine. Ibyo byatumye aregera urwo Rukiko arusaba gutegeka ko bagabana iyo mirima uko ari itandatu (6) n'amazu abiri (2) yasizwe n’ababyeyi babo ku buryo bungana nk’uko amategeko abiteganya. [3] Mu rubanza RC 00152/2020/TGI/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 10/02/2022, urwo Rukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cya Gasore Jean de Dieu nta shingiro gifite, ko imirima itandatu (6) n’inzu byaregewe muri uru rubanza byazunguwe, rutegeka Gasore Jean de Dieu gutanga 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka. [4] Gasore Jean de Dieu yajuririye icyo cyemezo mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, bene se batatu (3) bahuriye kuri se gusa ari bo: Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishime Aliavan, na Uwamariya Justine bagoboka muri urwo rubanza ku bushake, bavuga ko na bo ari bene Serugendo, imitungo Ahobantegeye Mwamini yari yarasigaranye yari ayifiteho uruhare rwa 50% naho indi 50% ikaba uruhare rwa se Serugendo, bityo bakaba bagomba kumuzungura kuri urwo ruhare rwe. [5] Mu rubanza RCA 00024/2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ku wa 29/11/2023, rwemeje ko: a. imitungo ikurikira, ari na yo iburanwa muri uru rubanza ari yo igomba kuzungurwa n'abazungura ba Serugendo n'Ahobantegeye Mwamini, bakayigabana ku buryo buringaniye, nta vangura iryo ari ryo ryose: - UPI: 4/03102/01/881 (umurima), uri Rugeshi-Bukinanyana-Cyuve- Musanze; - UPI: 4/03102/01/818 (umurima), uri Rugeshi-Bukinanyana-Cyuve- Musanze; - UPI: 4/03102/01/2394 (umurima), uri Kavumu-Karwasa-Gacaca-Musanze;

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- UPI: 4/03102/01/7893 (umurima), uri Gatare-Cyabararika-Muhoza- Musanze; - UPI: 4/03/02101/5265(umurima urimo inzu), uri Rugeshi-Bukinanyana-Cyuve- Musanze; - UPI:4/03/02101/7689(umurima urimo inzu), uri Rugeshi-Bukinanyana- Cyuve-Musanze; b. abazungura ba Serugendo na Ahobantegeye Mwamini ari Gasore Jean de Dieu, Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mugisha Jean Claude, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile na Sebagenzi Jean; c. abazungura ba Serugendo gusa ari Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishime Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine; d. abazungura ba Serugendo na Ahobantegeye Mwamini nk'uko amazina yabo yagaragajwe haruguru bagomba kuzungura ku mpande zombi, kuri 50% y'imitungo iburanwa (izungurwa) ya nyina Ahobantegeye Mwamini na 50% ya se Serugendo; e. abazungura ba Serugendo gusa nk'uko amazina yabo yagaragajwe haruguru, bagomba kugabana n'abazungura ba Serugendo n' Ahobantegeye Mwamini uruhare rwa se Serugendo rungana na 50% y'imitungo iburanwa, bakagabana mu buryo buringaniye; f. iyo mitungo yose izungurwa igomba kugurishwa hanyuma abazungura bakagabana amafaranga avuyemo ku buryo bwubahirije amategeko; g. Kuradushime Marie Blanche na bagenzi be bafatanya kwishyura Gasore Jean de Dieu 750.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka ku rwego rwa mbere no mu bujurire, 60.000 Frw y'igarama yatanze ku rwego rwa mbere no mu bujurire na 50.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza; h. Kuradushime Marie Blanche na bagenzi be bafatanya kwishyura Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney na bagenzi be 40.000 Frw y'ingwate ry'igarama batanze, 500.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka 30.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza; i. Kuradushime Marie Blanche na bagenzi be bafatanya kwishyura Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney na bagenzi be 40.000 Frw y'ingwate ry'igarama batanze, 500.000 Frw y'igihembo cya Avoka na 30.000 Frw y'ikurikiranarubanza; j. urubanza RC 00152/2020/TGl/MUS rwaciwe n'Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Musanze ku wa 10/02/2022 ruhindutse.

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[6] Umuhoza Alice, Nyirabisabo Jacquiline na Ndayisaba Célestin batambamiye urubanza RCA 00024/2022/HC/MUS, bavuga ko nabo ari abazungura ba Serugendo n’Ahobantegeye Mwamini nk’uko bigaragazwa n’inyandiko y'umuryango yo ku wa 29/9/2019 igaragaza urutonde rw’abazungura, ko rero Urukiko rwanyuranyije n'ingingo ya 15 y'Itegeko Nshinga, ivuga ko abantu bose bareshya imbere y'amategeko, ko amategeko abarengera ku buryo bumwe. Bavuga kandi ko rwatesheje agaciro impano ndetse n’intekeshwa Ahobantegeye yari yaratanze mbere yuko apfa kandi atari cyo cyaregewe rwirengagije ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 10 y'Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y'imanza z'imbonezamubano, iz'ubucuruzi, iz'umurimo n'iz'ubutegetsi, iteganya ko umucamanza aca urubanza ku cyasabwe cyose kandi kuri icyo cyonyine. Basoza basaba indishyi zitandukanye. [7] Ababuranyi barimo Gasore Jean de Dieu, Mwiseneza Emile, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan, Uwamariya Justice na Mugisha Jean Claude bose basabye Urukiko ko ikirego cyo gutambamira urubanza cyatanzwe na Umuhoza Alice na bagenzi be cyahabwa ishingiro ku bijyanye n’uko nabo ari abazungura ba Serugendo Abuduruheri na Ahobantegeye Mwamini. Ku bijyanye no kumenya niba impano bahawe zarateshejwe agaciro kandi atari cyo cyaregewe, Sebagenzi Jean, Kuradushime Marie Blanche na Barushimana Jean Bosco bavuga ko hari ibyakozwe na nyakwigendera atanga iminani kandi ko abahawe bashize ibikorwa byabo mu mitungo bahawe ko buri wese yagumana ibyo yahawe. [8] Mu rubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ku wa 30/07/2024, rwemeje ko: - ikirego cyatanzwe na Umuhoza Alice, Nyirabisabo Jacqueline na Ndayisaba Celestin gifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; - abazungura ba Serugendo Abuduruheri na Ahobantegeye Mwamini ari Gasore Jean de Dieu, Kuradushime Marie Grâce, Mugisha Jean Claude, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean, Umuhoza Alice, Nyirabisabo Jacqueline na Ndayisaba Célestin; - abazungura ba Serugendo gusa ari Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishime Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine; - Abazungura bavugwa muri uru rubanza bagumana imitungo bahawe n’abayibahaye; - Ingarigari zasizwe na Serugendo Abuduruheri na Ahobantegeye Mwamini zigurishwa zikagabanwa mu buryo bwasobanuwe muri uru rubanza; - nta ndishyi zigomba gutangwa muri uru rubanza; - imikirize y'urubanza RCA 00024/2022/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 29/11/2023 rwatambamiwe hano ruhindutse kuri bimwe;

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- Amagarama y'urubanza Umuhoza Alice, Nyirabisabo Jacqueline na Ndayisaba Celestin batanzeho ingwate barega ahwanye n'ibyakozwe muri urwo rubanza. [9] Nyuma y’uko urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rubaye Itegeko, Gasore Jean de Dieu yatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, arusaba kurusobanura, kuko yashatse Umuhesha w’inkiko w’umwuga witwa Me Nyirandayambaje Médiatrice ngo arurangize, ariko yajya kubishyira mu bikorwa agahura n’imbogamizi z’uko mu cyemezo cyarwo Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rutagaragaje UPI z’imitungo yiswe ingarigari zigomba kugabanywa abazungura ku ruhande rwa Gasore Jean de Dieu, nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko yo ku wa 17/09/2024, bityo arusaba kugaragaza ingarigari zigomba kugabanywa abazungura ba Serugendo Abuduruheri na Ahobantegeye Mwamini. [10] Mu rubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 30/10/2024, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwemeje ko ikirego cya Gasore Jean de Dieu gisaba gusobanura nomero iranga (UPI) ingarigari nta shingiro gifite, ko ingarigari zivugwa mu rubanza ari aho Ahobantegeye Mwamini yari atuye mbere y’uko apfa, hatitawe ku waba warahiyandikishijeho nyuma; ko ingarigari zigomba kugabanwa mu buryo bwasobanuwe mu rubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 30/07/2024. [11] Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na

Uwamariya Justine bajuririye urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, ku wa 30/07/2024, rwasobanuwe n’urubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rwaciwe n’urwo Rukiko ku wa 30/10/2024 mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwabo bwandikwa kuri RSA/INTERT/RC 00001/2024/CA. [12] Urubanza rwahamagajwe ku wa 08/09/2025, uwo munsi Urukiko rushishikariza ababuranyi gukemura ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane, maze urubanza rwimurirwa ku wa 19/09/2025, kugira ngo ababuranyi bajye kumvikana. Ku wa 09/09/2025, Me Kanyarugano Cassien, mu izina rya Mugisha Jean Claude, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Kuradushime Marie Blanche n’Umuhoza Alice yandikiye abarega, ko abo ahagarariye betemera ubwumvikane; ku wa 15/09/2025, bashyira muri dosiye iyo nyandiko yo kwanga ubwumvikane. [13] Ku wa 19/09/2025, urubanza ruburanishwa mu ruhame, Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan bunganiwe na Me Mbarushimana Dominique akanahagararira Uwamariya Justine; Umuhoza Alice yunganiwe na Me Nsengimana Faustin akanahagararira Nyirabisabo Jacqueline; Ndayisaba Célestin ahagarariwe na Me Musasangohe Illuminée; Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mwiseneza Emile na Sebagenzi Jean bunganiwe na Me Kanyarugano Cassien akanahagararira Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, naho Mugisha Jean Claude yunganiwe na Me Dusabimana Théophile. [14] Abaregwa, uretse Ndayisaba Célestin, batanze inzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwa Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine, kuko bwatanzwe impitagihe. Bavuga kandi ko mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga ubujurire bwakwakirwa rwanasuzuma inzitizi y’iburabubasha rishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa, kuko igenagaciro

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ry’ikiburanwa ryatanzwe kuva urubanza rutangiye rigaragaza ko umutungo uburanwa ufite agaciro ka 28,822,500 Frw kakaba katageze kuri 75,000,000 Frw ziteganywa n’Itegeko. [15] Mu gusubiza iyi ngingo, abajuriye bavuze ko ubujurire bwabo bukwiye kwakirwa kuko ingingo ya 140, igika cya nyuma, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi yemera ko urubanza rwasobanuwe rujuririrwa hamwe n’urubanza rw’iremezo nubwo rwaba rwararengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa. Bavuga kandi ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha nta shingiro ifite, kuko igenagaciro ryakozwe mbere y’uko bajurira rigaragaza ko umutungo uburanwa ufite agaciro ka 88.027.428 Frw. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA n’ISESENGURA RYABYO

1.Kumenya niba ubujurire bwa Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine bwaratanzwe mu gihe gikurikije amategeko [16] Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean, Mugisha Jean Claude, Umuhoza Alice na Nyirabisabo Jacqueline basaba Urukiko ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Gasore Jean de Dieu na bagenzi be butakirwa kuko bajuriye barakerewe. [17] Basobanura ko urubanza rukosora cyangwa rusobanuza rwuzuza urwo rusobanura cyangwa rukosora, ko ingingo 140 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, uhagarariye abajuriye ashingiraho ayisobanura nabi, kuko iyo urebye ingingo z’ubujurire (issues) usanga ubu bujurire bwabo bureba urubanza rwose, kandi iyi ngingo ivuga gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye ikosorwa cyangwa isobanura ry’urubanza. Bavuga ko Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya

Justine bagombaga kujuririra urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe (1), ibyo basaba ubu bakaba baragombaga kubisaba muri ubwo bujurire, ariko ko batajuriye mu gihe gikurikije amategeko. [18] Bavuga kandi ko kujuririra urubanza rw’iremezo binyuze mu nzira yo kurusobanuza cyangwa kurukosoza, bishoboka mu gihe mu kurusobanura cyangwa mu kurukosora hahindutse icyemezo cyari cyafashwe mu rubanza rukosorwa cyangwa rusobanuza, kandi ubujurire bukaba bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye ikosorwa cyangwa isobanura ry’urubanza, ariko ko atariko bimeze muri uru rubanza, kuko mu bika bya 5-6 by’urubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rusobanura urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS, Urukiko rwavuze ko ntacyo gusobanura. Bityo ko kuba Urukiko mu gusobanura urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS ntacyo rwaruhinduyeho, basanga ubujurire bwabo budakwiye kwakirwa, cyane ko bigaragara ko bagiye gusobanuza urwo rubanza nk’uburyo bwo gushaka inzira yo kuzarujuririra. [19] Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine bashingiye ku ngingo ya 140 y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, igika cya nyuma igira iti: “Iyo urubanza rw’iremezo rwarengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa, kurukosora cyangwa kurusobanura bishobora gutuma rujurirwa, mu gihe ubujurire bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye ikosorwa cyangwa isobanura ry’urubanza”, bavuga ko

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Gasore Jean de Dieu na bagenzi be, bajuriye mu bihe biteganywa n’amategeko, kuko urubanza rusobanurwa rujuririrwa hamwe n’urubanza rw’iremezo, bityo ko utishimiye uko Urukiko rwabisobanuye ashobora kurujurirana n’urubanza rw’iremezo (principal). [20] Basobanura ko mu gusobanuza urubanza basabye Urukiko kugaragaza ingarigari na UPI zazo, maze mu gika cya 10 cy’urubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rusobanura ko ingarigari zigomba kugabanwa ari aho Ahobantegeye Mwamini yari atuye, mu gihe urubanza rw’iremezo rwari rwarategetse ko bajya kugabana ingarigari zose yasize, ko rero ibisobanuro rwatanze byahinduye ibikubiye mu gika cya 47 cy’urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS, aho rwari rwaremeje ko ingarigari zasizwe na Serugendo Abuduraheli na Ahobantegeye Mwamini zigurishwa zikagabanwa mu buryo bwasobanuwe muri urwo rubanza. Bityo ko bubahirije ibihe byo kujurira nubwo bajuririye urubanza rw’iremezo mu kwezi kwa 11 rwaraciwe mu kwezi kwa 7. [21] Uhagarariye Ndayisaba Célestin, avuga ko ashingiye ku ngingo ya 140, igika cya nyuma, y’Itegeko Nº 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru, asanga ubujurire bugomba kwakirwa. Asobanura ko urubanza rusobanura urw’iremezo rwasobanuye gusa ingarigari, ko ari nabyo byajuririwe, kuko kuba haba harasabwe n’indishyi ari ngaruka (accessoire), bityo ko ashingiye kuri iyo ngingo, asanga ubujurire bugomba kwakirwa. Uko Urukiko rubibona [22] Ingingo ya 140, igika cya 2, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rwuzuza urubanza rwasabiwe gusobanurwa cyangwa gukosorwa. Rushobora kujuririrwa rwonyine cyangwa hamwe n’urubanza rw’iremezo mu gihe imanza zombi zishobora kujuririrwa.” Mu gika cya nyuma iteganya ibikurikira: “Iyo urubanza rw’iremezo rwarengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa, kurukosora cyangwa kurusobanura bishobora gutuma rujurirwa, mu gihe ubujurire bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye ikosorwa cyangwa isobanura ry’urubanza.” [23] Urukiko rusesenguye ibimaze kuvugwa haruguru, rusanga kuba Itegeko ryarateganyije ko urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rushobora kujuririrwa rwonyine, ko iyo urubanza rw’iremezo rwarengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa, kurukosora cyangwa kurusobanura bishobora gutuma rujuririrwa, mu gihe ubujurire bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye ikosorwa cyangwa isobanura ry’urubanza, byumvikanisha ko gukosora urubanza cyangwa kurusobanura atari inzira Umushingamategeko yahaye umuburanyi imuhesha uburenganzira bwo kujuririra urubanza rw’iremezo rwarengeje igihe cyo kujuririrwa, cyane ko urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rushobora kujuririrwa rwonyine, ko kandi ubwo bujurire bugomba kuba bushingiye gusa ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye gusobanura urubanza. [24] Ibi birasa n’ibyo Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuye mu rubanza RCAA 0002/15/CS rwaciwe ku wa 20/01/2017, Mukarushakiro Gloriose n’abandi baburanye na Gahire Athanase, aho rwasobanuye ko kuba Itegeko ryarateganyije ko ubujurire ku rubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi bukorerwa rimwe n’urubanza rwasabiwe gukosorwa, bitakumvikana nk’uburenganzira bwahabwa uwabuze kujuririra igihe urubanza rw’ibanze, ngo bumubere icyuho

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cyo kurujuririra nyuma y’ibihe biteganywa n’itegeko, abinyujije mu kubanza kurusabira gusobanurwa cyangwa gukosorwa1. [25] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, dosiye igaragaza ko Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine bajuriye ku wa 26/11/2024, bajuririra urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 30/07/2024 n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rusobanurwa n’urwo Rukiko kuri RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rwaciwe ku wa 30/10/2024 nk’uko bigaragara muri sisitemu mu gice cyiswe “General information”. Igaragaza kandi ko mu rubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rusobanura urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwemeje ko ikirego cya Gasore Jean de Dieu gisaba gusobanura nomero iranga (UPI) y’ingarigari nta shingiro gifite, ko ingarigari zivugwa muri uru rubanza ari aho Ahobantegeye Mwamini yari atuye mbere y’uko apfa hatitawe k’uwaba warahiyandikishijeho nyuma. [26] Dosiye igaragaza na none ko ubujurire bwa Gasore Jean de Dieu na bagenzi be bushingiye ku rubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS kuko batanze impamvu z’ubujurire zikurikira: a. Kuba Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, rwarakiriye urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rukaruburanisha mu mizi kandi rutari rukurikije amategeko; b. Kuba harabayeho kwitiranya ingarigari zasizwe n’ababyeyi n’iminane Ahobantegeye Mwamini yapfuye yarahaye abana be; c. Kuba Urukiko mu rubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS rwarafashe icyemezo ku ngingo zazamuwe na bamwe mu baregwa nk’aho bari mu bujurire rukaziha n’ishingiro; d. gutegeka Sebagenzi Jean na bagenzi be bareganwa hamwe guha Gasore Jean de Dieu na bagenzi be bafatanyije kujurira indishyi zingana na 7.290.000 Frw akubiyemo ay’indishyi z’akababaro, ay’ikurikiranarubanza, ayishyuwe ku igenagaciro n’igarama batanze bajurira. [27] Urukiko rurasanga ibikubiye mu gika kibanziriza iki, bigaragaza ko ubujurire bwa Gasore Jean de Dieu na bagenzi be budashingiye ku cyemezo cyafashwe ku byerekeye gusobanura urubanza, ahubwo bushingiye ku rubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS ari rwo rubanza rw’iremezo, kandi ibyo binyuranye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 140, igika cya nyuma, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryibukijwe haruguru. Kuba rero, urubanza RCA

1 Aha Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasobanuraga ingingo ya 154, igika cya 2 n’icya 3 y’Itegeko No 21/2012 ryo ku wa 14/06/2012 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, yateganyaga ko urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi rwuzuza urubanza rwasabiwe gusobanurwa cyangwa gukosorwa, rudashobora kujuririrwa rwonyine bidakorewe rimwe n’urubanza rw’iremezo, kandi ko igihe cy’ubujurire kuri izo manza zombi gitangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi w’isomwa ry’urubanza rusobanura cyangwa rukosora urundi.

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00007/2023/HC/MUS rwaraciwe ku wa wa 30/07/2024, bagatanga ubujurire ku wa 26/11/2024, hashize hafi amezi ane, Urukiko rurasanga baratinze kujuririra, kuko ingingo ya 148, igika cya 1, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, iteganya ko igihe ntarengwa cyo kujurira ari ukwezi kumwe (1) gitangira kubarwa kuva ku munsi umuburanyi yamenyeyeho ko urubanza rwasomwe. [28] Urukiko rurasanga impamvu z’ubujurire za Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine zitagaragaza aho zihurira n’ibyemejwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Musanze, mu rubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS rusobanura urubanza RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS, ahubwo zirebana n’urubanza rw’iremezo RCA 00007/2023/HC/MUS, bityo ibyo bavuga ko ubujurire bwabo bushingiye ku cyemezo cyafashwe mu rubanza RS/INTERT/RC 00003/2024/HC/MUS, nta shingiro bifite. Kuba rero ubujurire bwa Gasore Jean de Dieu na bagenzi be bwaratanzwe impitagihe, bukaba butagomba kwakirwa, rurasanga bitakiri ngombwa gusuzuma inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko ishingiye ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa. 2.Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka asabwa muri uru rubanza afite ishingiro [29] Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean na Mugisha Jean Claude basaba Urukiko w’Ubujurire indishyi z’akababaro, iz’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka zose hamwe zingana na miliyoni eshatu (3.000.000 Frw), kuko bahora mu nkiko bigatuma batagira icyo bamarira imiryango yabo, bakaba baranashatse Avoka wo kubaburanira. [30] Umuhoza Alice na Nyirabisabo Jacqueline basaba Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka abajuriye gufatanya kubasubiza amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y'igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000 Frw) y'ikurikiranarubanza. [31] Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine biregura ku ndishyi zisabwa bavuga ko nta shingiro zifite. Uko Urukiko rubibona [32] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru, iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [33] Muri rubanza, Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean na Mugisha Jean Claude basaba Urukiko w’Ubujurire kubagenera amafaranga y’igihembo cya Abavoka bababuraniye. [34] Urukiko rurasanga, kuba inzitizi yatanzwe na Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean, Mugisha Jean Claude, Umuhoza Alice na Nyirabisabo Jacqueline yahawe ishingiro, bakwiye guhabwa amafaranga y’igihembo cya Abavoka

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bababuraniye; bityo mu bushishozi bwarwo, rusanga Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine bagomba gufatanya guha Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean na Mugisha Jean Claude, bose hamwe, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka, no guha Umuhoza Alice na Nyirabisabo Jacqueline amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka, kuri uru rwego. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [35] Rwemeje ko inzitizi yo kutubahiriza ibihe byo kujurira yatanzwe na Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean, Mugisha Jean Claude, Umuhoza Alice na Nyirabisabo Jacqueline, ifite ishingiro. [36] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine butakiriwe kuko batinze kujurira. [37] Rutegetse Gasore Jean de Dieu, Niyitegeka Jean Marie Vianney, Tuyishimire Aliavan na Uwamariya Justine gufatanya guha Kuradushime Marie Blanche, Mbarushimana Jean Bosco, Mwiseneza Emile, Sebagenzi Jean na Mugisha Jean Claude, bose hamwe, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka, no guha Umuhoza Alice na Nyirabisabo Jacqueline, bose hamwe, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka, kuri uru rwego. [38] Ruvuze ko ingwate y‘amagarama yatanzwe ihwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.