GENERAL ELECTRICALS AND MECHANICALS RWANDA (GEM RWANDA) Ltd vs. FAIR CONSTRUCTION Ltd

# GENERAL ELECTRICALS AND MECHANICALS RWANDA (GEM RWANDA) Ltd vs. FAIR CONSTRUCTION Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-10-28 - Case/document no.: RCOMAA00060/2021/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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GENERAL ELECTRICALS AND MECHANICALS RWANDA (GEM RWANDA) Ltd vs. FAIR CONSTRUCTION Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCOMAA00060/2021/CA (Munyangeri, P.J., Kamere na Ngagi, J.) 28 Ukwakira 2022] Amategeko agenga ububasha bw’Inkiko – Kwakira ikirego – Indishyi – Agaciro k’ikiburanwa – Ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ntibushingira gusa ku ngano y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza, ahubwo bushingira no ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa – Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 52. Incamake y’ikibazo : Sosiyete GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko yahawe isoko ryo kugemura ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi mu bihe bitandukanye na sosiyete FAIR Construction Ltd, bakorana amasezerano, ariko ko nyuma yaho, uwahawe imirimo ivuga ko itishyuwe neza imirimo yahawe gukora kuko yishyuwe igice ikindi ntiyakyishyurwa, ibyo bikaba byaratumye irega mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi isaba kwishyurwa umwenda wasigaye hamwe n’indishyi zikomoka ku kutubahiriza amasezerano. FAIR Construction Ltd na yo yareze GEM Rwanda Ltd mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ivuga ko uwo yahaye imirimo yo kugemura ibikoresho ntiyubahirije igihe cyo kuyikora cyari giteganyijwe mu masezerano, bikagira ingaruka ku yindi mirimo yose, maze bikayitera n’igihombo. Ibirego byombi byahurijwe hamwe mu rubanza rumwe. Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasanze GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko FAIR Construction Ltd itubahirije amasezerano ariko itabasha kugaragaza inshingano yari ifite muri ayo masezerano itubahirije, bityo ko ibyo ivuga bitashingirwaho. GEM Rwanda Ltd ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, maze iyijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, irusaba gusuzuma niba hari amakosa yakoze mu masezerano yagiranye na FAIR Construction Ltd, no kumenya niba hari amategeko n’ibimenyetso byirengagijwe. Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urubanza, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na GEM Rwanda Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ariko ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na FAIR Construction Ltd bufite ishingiro kuri bimwe. GEM Rwanda Ltd yajuririye mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, irusaba gusuzuma niba FAIR Construction Ltd itarubahirije amasezerano yagiranye na yo, no gusuzuma niba igomba kwishyura umwenda iyifitiye hamwe n’indishyi zikomoka kuri uko kutubahiriza amasezerano. FAIR Construction Ltd, yatanze inzitizi y’iburabubusha, ivuga ko nta ndishyi zigeze kuri 75.000.000Frw ziteganywa n’itegeko zagenwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa, kuko indishyi zategetswe zirebana n’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza gusa ; ivuga kandi ko GEM Rwanda Ltd yatsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zibanza ku mpamvu zimwe, bityo ko isaba Urukiko kutakira ubujurire. GEM Rwanda Ltd yiregura ivuga ko idashingira ububasha bw’Urukiko ku ngano y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe, ko ahubwo ibushingira ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa kigizwe

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n’umwenda ukomoka ku masezerano ungana na 1.794.392.430Frw, bityo ko karengeje kure 75.000.000Frw. Incamake y’icyemezo : Ububasha bw’Urukiko ntibushingira gusa ku ngano y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza, ahubwo bushingira no ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa. Inzitizi y’iburabubasha ifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; Amagarama y’urubanza ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2 mu gace ka 8; n’ igika cya 4. Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RCOMAA0051/14/CS hagati ya RRA na SECAM Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015; Urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS - RCOMAA0033/2016/SC hagati ya Bank of Kigali Plc na Mulisa Kana Martin rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017; Urubanza RCOMAA00043/2021/CA haburana High end Developers Ltd / Murerwa Annet, Oduor Edgar Dickson Omala Otieno na Right Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/12/2021. Urubanza I.IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku matariki atandukanye GEM Rwanda Ltd yagiranye na Fair Construction Ltd amasezerano yo kugemura ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi ku nyubako ya National Institute of Statistics (NISR), arimo ayo ku wa 22/02/2017 aho yagombaga kwishyurwa 491.482.085 Frw ikimara kuzana ibyo bikoresho, n’andi yo ku wa 16/02/2017 yo kugemura ibikoresho bifite agaciro ka 243.250.754Frw. GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko yagemuye ibyo bikoresho hanyuma hakishyurwa 18.490.494Frw, hasigara 209.778.960Frw, yakwibutsa FAIR Construction Ltd kuyishyura umwenda wari usigaye ungana na 260.879.760Frw nk’uko akubiye mu masezerano zagiranye ntibikore. Ibyo byatumye iyirega mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego cyayo gihabwa RCOM00980/2020/TC, isaba Urukiko gutegeka FAIR Construction Ltd kuyishyura umwenda iyibereyemo ungana na 260.879.760Frw, n’indishyi zikomoka ku kutubahiriza amasezerano y’ubwubatsi zagiranye. [2] Fair Construction Ltd na yo yareze GEM Rwanda Ltd mu Rukiko rw’Ubucuruzi, ikirego cyayo gihabwa RCOM1049/2020/TC, isaba indishyi z’igihombo yatewe no kutubahiriza amasezerano yo ku wa 22/02/2017, aho muri ayo masezerano GEM Rwanda Ltd yiyemeje inshingano yo kugemura ibikoresho byo kubaka harimo na air conditioning mu nyubako ya National Institute of Statistics (NIRS) ariko ntibikore mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu (6) cyari giteganyijwe muri ayo masezerano, ahubwo igakerererwa ndetse igakora nabi ikarangiza iyo mirimo mu gihe cy’amezi cumi n’ane (14), bituma umushinga wose utinda kurangira, gutinda guhererekanya imirimo bikagira ingaruka ku yindi mirimo y’iyo nyubako, kugeza ubwo ku gihe cyari giteganyijwe hongereweho andi mezi icyenda (9). FAIR Construction Ltd ivuga kandi ko

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uku gutinda byayiteye igihombo kuko yongeye kugura ubwishingizi bw’imirimo yakoraga n’ubwa performance security, inakomeza guhemba abakozi, no kuba yaratanze ibikoresho bidafite ubuziranenge, kuko byageze mu nkuta z’inzu bigaturika, ndetse inongererwa andi mezi atandatu (6) kugira ngo ikosore amakosa yakoze. Bityo isaba ko GEM Rwanda Ltd itegekwa kuyiha indishyi z’igihombo yagize zingana na 621.505.158 Frw, kubera gukererwa kugemura ibikoresho nk’uko impande zombi zari zarabyumvikanyeho mu masezerano zagiranye, ndetse n’igisebo yagiriye imbere y’abo yari isanzwe ikorera. Ibyo birego byombi byahurijwe hamwe mu rubanza rumwe rufite RCOM00980/2020/TC na RCOM01049/2020/TC, buri ruhande mu kwiregura ku byo ruregwa rukireguza ibisobanuro rwatanze ku kirego cyarwo. [3] Mu rubanza rwaciwe ku wa 21/10/2020, Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi rwasuzumye ibijyanye no kumeya niba amasezerano yabaye hagati ya GEM Rwanda Ltd na FAIR Construction Ltd yarubahirijwe, no kumenya indishyi zigomba kwishyurwa, maze rushingiye ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana, ku ngingo ya 12, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko no 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera kandi ko iyo abibuze uwarezwe atsinda, rwasanze GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko Fair Construction Ltd itubahirije amasezerano zagiranye ngo iyishyure umwenda, ariko itabasha kugaragaza inshingano yari ifite muri ayo masezerano itubahirije, kandi ingingo ya 5 y’ayo masezerano isobanura ko yagombaga kugaragaza fagitire n’uburyo bwo kwishyura, ikishyura nyir’ibicuruzwa mu izina ryayo, ibikoresho bya A na F ivuga ko ari yo yabyishyuye, ariko idashobora kubigaragariza ibimenyetso bifatika by’aho yabyishyuriye, nta n’impamvu igaragaza yatumye ari yo ibyishyura mu mwanya wa FAIR Construction Ltd, inyuranyije n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 5 y’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye, mu gihe ibindi byinshi byishyurwaga na Fair Construction Ltd, bityo Urukiko rusanga ibyo GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga bitashingirwaho mu kugaragaza ukuri. [4] Ku bijyanye n’ibyakozwe ku masezerano aburanwa, Urukiko rwasanze FAIR Construction Ltd igaragaza inyandiko z’ibikoresho byishyuwe n’amafaranga yishyuye GEM Rwanda Ltd ubwayo atari munsi y’amafaranga yasezeranywe, bityo ko nta bundi bwishyu GEM Rwanda Ltd itishyuwe bukomoka ku masezerano. Ku byerekeye indishyi zaregewe, Urukiko rwasanze GEM Rwanda Ltd itagomba guhabwa indishyi isaba kuko itabasha kugaragaza ukuri ku byo iregera, kandi ko ari yo yishoye mu rubanza ikanarushoramo FAIR Construction Ltd, ko ku bw’ibyo ari yo ikwiye kubitangira indishyi zigenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko. Bityo, mu gukiza urubanza, Urukiko rwemeje ko ikirego cya GEM Rwanda Ltd kidafite ishingiro, ko itabashije kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo iregera, maze ruyitegeka kwishyura FAIR Construction Ltd 500.000Frw y’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka. [5] GEM Rwanda Ltd ntiyishimiye iyo mikirize y’urubanza, iyijuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, ubujurire bwayo buhabwa RCOMA 00770/2020/HCC, irusaba gusuzuma niba hari amakosa yakoze mu masezerano yagiranye na FAIR Construction Ltd, no kumenya niba hari amategeko n’ibimenyetso byirengagijwe. FAIR Construction, Ltd yireguye ivuga ko impamvu z’ubujurire za GEM Rwanda Ltd zidafite ishingiro, ahubwo itanga ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi isaba kugenerwa indishyi zitandukanye yari yasabye ku rwego rubanza, zijyanye no kuba GEM RWANDA Ltd yarishe amasezerano.

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[6] Ku wa 24/09/2021, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi rwakijije urwo rubanza, maze rwemeza ko ubujurire bwatanzwe na GEM Rwanda Ltd nta shingiro bufite, ko ubujurire bwuririye ku bundi bwatanzwe na FAIR Construction Ltd bufite ishingiro kuri kimwe gusa, ko imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 00980/2020/TC na RCOM1049/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/10/2020 rwajuririwe idahindutse. Rutegeka GEM Rwanda Ltd guha FAIR Construction Ltd 2.000.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka yo kuri urwo rwego rw’ubujurire. [7] Ku wa 23/01/2021, GEM Rwanda Ltd yajuririye urubanza RCOMA00770/2020/HCC mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwayo buhabwa RCOMAA 00060/2021/CA, irusaba gusuzuma niba FAIR Construction Ltd itarubahirije amasezerano yagiranye na yo, gusuzuma niba igomba kwishyura 1.794.392.430Frw y’umwenda n’indishyi zikomoka kuri uko kutubahiriza amasezerano, no gusuzuma niba FAIR Construction Ltd igomba gutegekwa kuyisubiza amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka, ikurikiranarubanza n’ingwate y’amagarama. [8] Iburanisha mu ruhame ry’urubanza ryabaye ku wa 13/10/2022, GEM Rwanda Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Rwimo Clotilde afatanyije na Me Meso Charles ODHIAMBO asemurirwa na bwana Gatera Athanase wari umaze kubirahirira indahiro iteganywa n’amategeko, naho FAIR Construction Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Munyaneza Remy. [9] Muri iryo buranisha, Urukiko rwumvise ababuranyi ku bijyanye gusa n’inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ishingiye ku kuba ikiburanwa kidafite agaciro kangana nibura na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu (75.000.000Frw) kagenwe n’umuhanga cyangwa se ngo mu manza zabanje habe haragenwemo indishyi zigejeje kuri iyo ngano, ishingiye no ku kuba uwajuriye yaratsinzwe hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje, ndetse n’ikibazo cy’ibyagenze ku rubanza mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga urubanza rugomba kugarukira aha. Isomwa ry’urubanza ryashyizwe ku wa 28/10/2022. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA Gusuzuma niba ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa GEM Rwanda Ltd buri mu bubasha  bw’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hashingiwe ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa cyangwa se ingano y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rujuririrwa [10] FAIR Construction Ltd, ishingiye ku biteganywa n’ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8, y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, yasabye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kutakira ubujurire bwa GEM Rwanda Ltd, kubera ko nta ndishyi zigeze kuri 75.000.000Frw zagenwe mu rubanza RCOMA00770/2020/HCC rujuririrwa, kuko n’indishyi zategetswe ari izirebana n’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza gusa. [11] Kuri iyo nzitizi, GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko idashingira ububasha bw’Urukiko ku ngano y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rwajuririwe, ko ahubwo ibushingira ku gaciro k’ikiburanwa kigizwe n’umwenda ukomoka ku masezerano ungana na 1.794.392.430Frw, ibi bikaba bihuye n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 4, y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, kuko ako gaciro k’ikiburanwa karengeje 75.000.000Frw. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA

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[12] Ikibazo giteje impaka kuri iyi nzitizi y'iburabubasha ntabwo ari ikirebana n’ingano y’indishyi zagenwe mu rubanza rujurirwa kuko n’uruhande rwajurye rwemera ko zitageze kuri 75.000.000Frw nk’uko bivugwa n’uregwa. Ikibazo ahubwo ni icyo kumenya niba agaciro k’ikiburanwa kagera kuri 75.000.000 Frw ku buryo ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa GEM Rwanda Ltd bwakwakirwa, kuko buri mu bubasha bw'uru Rukiko, cyangwa se niba ako gaciro katagera kuri 75.000.000Frw ku buryo ubu bujurire butakwakirwa, kuko bwaba butari mu bubasha bw'Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [13] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, mu gace ka 8, y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ibi bikurikira: “Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare iyo izo manza zagenwemo n’Urukiko indishyi zingana nibura na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw) cyangwa zifite agaciro kagenwe n’umucamanza mu gihe habaye impaka kangana na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000 Frw)”. [14] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 4, y’iryo Tegeko yo iteganya ko iyo icyaburanwe kitagenewe agaciro mu mafaranga mu manza zabanje, kigomba kuba gifite agaciro nibura kangana na miliyoni mirongo irindwi n’eshanu z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (75.000.000Frw) kagenwe n’umuhanga iyo bibaye ngombwa”. [15] Muri uru rubanza, uwajuriye avuga ko agaciro k’ikiburanwa kigizwe n’umwenda ukomoka ku masezerano ungana na 1.794.392.430 Frw, kandi ko ako gaciro karenze 75.000.000 Frw ateganywa n’itegeko, bityo ko nta kibazo gihari kirebana n’ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa GEM Rwanda Ltd. Uregwa ntabwo anyomoza ako gaciro k’ikiburanwa ngo agaragaze akandi kaba kari munsi y’aka kagaragazwa n’uwajuriye, ahubwo asaba gusa ko Urukiko ari rwo rwabisuzuma. [16] Dosiye y’urubanza igaragaza ko ikirego cyatanzwe na GEM Rwanda Ltd ku rwego rwa mbere urubanza rukandikwa kuri RCOM00980/2020/TC na RCOM 1049/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/10/2020 ari “Kwishyurwa amafaranga y’umwenda n’indishyi z’akababaro 1.794.392.430 Frw”, urubanza kuri icyo kiburanwa rukaba ari rwo rwagiye rujuririrwa kugeza n’ubu mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. [17] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ako gaciro k’ikiburanwa ku mwenda n’indishyi bingana na 1.794.392.430 Frw ari ko rugomba guhuza n’ibiteganywa n’uduce twibukijwe haruguru tw’ingingo ya 52 y’Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, rugasanga nta mpaka ababuranyi bigeze bakagiraho ku buryo byaba ngombwa ko Urukiko rukagena ukundi. Bityo, Urukiko rukaba rusanga rukwiye guha ishingiro ibivugwa n’uwajuriye ko agaciro k’ikiburanwa karengeje 75.000.000 Frw ku buryo ingano y’ako gaciro ubwayo idashobora kuba inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’uru Rukiko. [18] Urukiko rurasanga kandi ikibazo nk’iki kiburanwa kuri iyi nzitizi atari ubwa mbere kiburanweho kandi kigafatwaho icyemezo gisa n’ikimaze kuvugwa haruguru, kuko nko mu rubanza rubanziriza urundi RCOMAA00076/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 16/04/2021 hagati ya APADEM n’abandi baburanaga na BRD Ltd, ikiburanwa ari umwenda ungana na 281.600.717 Frw wabazwe kugera ku wa 10/04/2017, wanatangiwe ingwate n’abishingizi ba APADEM, mu

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Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hatangwamo inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko ishingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 8, ngo kuko nta ndishyi zigera kuri 75.000.000Frw zagenwe mu rubanza rwari rwajuririwe, maze Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwemeza ko rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire rushingiye ku gaciro k’ayo masezerano y’umwenda. Gusuzuma niba ubujurire bwa GEM Rwanda Ltd butari mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko  rw’Ubujurire hashingiwe ku kuba yaba yaratsinzwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje [19] FAIR Construction Ltd ivuga ko ubujurire bwa GEM Rwanda Ltd butari mu bubasha bw'Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, kubera ko yatsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe, aho zose zashingiye ku kubura ibimenyetso by’ibyo iregera, nk’uko na yo ibyiyemerera. Isobanura ko ibyashingiweho n'Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 6 na 7 by'urubanza RCOM 00980/2020/TC – CMB RCOM1049/2020/TC ndetse n'ibyashingiweho n'Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi mu bika bya 9 na 10 by'urubanza RCOMA00770/2020/HCC rujuririrwa bigaragaza ko ari impamvu zimwe zatumye uwajuriye atsindwa, kuko muri ibyo bika inkiko zombi zasanze amasezerano GEM Rwanda Ltd yagiranye na FAIR Construction Ltd yarateganyaga ko GEM Rwanda Ltd izajya igaragaza fagitire y’ibikoresho n'ugomba kubyishyurwa, hanyuma FAIR Construction Ltd ikaba ari yo ibyishyura, ariko ko GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko hari ibikoresho yishyuye ubwayo itabashije inkomoko y’umwenda w’amafaranga iregera mu gihe itagaragaza ibimenyetso bidashidikanywaho by’uko yishyuye ibyo bikoresho koko ndetse n’ibisobanuro by’impamvu zaba zarayiteye kunyuranya n'ibyateganywaga n’amasezerano, mu gihe ku rundi ruhande amafaranga yateganyijwe mu masezerano ahura n'ayo FAIR Construction Ltd igaragaza ko yishyuwe. [20] FAIR Construction Ltd ivuga kandi ko ubu bujurire butagomba kwakirwa kuko mu kwemeza ko GEM Rwanda Ltd yatsinzwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje zashingiye ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ku ngingo ya 12, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, zisanga GEM Rwanda Ltd itagaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo iregera, kuko itagaragaje ibimenyetso byemeza ko yishyuye ibikoresho mu mwanya wa FAIR Construction Ltd ndetse n’impamvu yaba yaratumye ibyishyura inyuranyije n’ingingo ya 5 y’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye, kandi nta bundi bwishyu butishyuwe yishyuza bushingiye ku masezerano. [21] GEM Rwanda Ltd mu kwiregura ku nzitizi yo kutakira ubujurire bwayo kubera gutsindwa hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe mu nkiko zombi zabanje ivuga ko nta shingiro ifite, ngo kuko n’ubwo ibyashingiweho mu nkiko zombi ari bimwe, ariko hari ibimenyetso inkiko zombi zirengagije ntizibisuzume, ko kandi yabigaragaje mu nyandiko yo gutakambira icyemezo cyo kutakira ubujurire bwayo, bityo ko isaba kurenganurwa kuko yarenganyijwe. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [22] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba impamvu zashingiweho GEM Rwanda Ltd itsindwa ku rwego rwa mbere n’urwa kabiri ari zimwe, kigomba gusuzumwa hasesengurwa imikirize y’urubanza kuri izo nzego zombi, ingingo z’ingenzi zasuzumwe, impamvu buri Rukiko rwashingiyeho

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kugira ngo rugere ku cyemezo, byaramuka bigaragaye ko ari zimwe, ubujurire bwayo ntibube mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [23] Ku bijyanye n’ibisobanuro by’impamvu zimwe, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire zagaragaje ko aha impamvu zumvikana nk’ibisobanuro buri Rukiko rwashingiyeho mu gufata icyemezo cyarwo rugendeye ku byabaye no ku byo amategeko ateganya, kandi ko ari zo zishingirwaho mu kugaragariza no gusobanurira ababuranyi icyatumye Urukiko rufata icyemezo, akaba ari na zo ziherwaho ababuranyi basuzuma niba imiburanire yabo yarasesenguwe n’Urukiko, bitewe n’uko buri cyemezo cy’Urukiko kigomba kuba cyasobanuriwe impamvu1. [24] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, y’Itegeko Nº 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ruburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare iyo zujuje ibiteganywa n’iyo ngingo, inateganya mu gika cyayo cya gatatu ibikurikira: “Icyakora kandi ubujurire bwa kabiri ntibushora kwakirwa ku manza z’ababuranye bemera ibyo baregwa, cyangwa ku muburanyi watsinzwe mu nkiko zombi hashingiwe ku mpamvu zimwe”.

[25] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga imikirize y’urubanza RCOM 00980/2020/TC na RCOM 01049/2020/TC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubucuruzi ku wa 21/10/2020, igaragaza ko urwo Rukiko rwasesenguye ikibazo nyamukuru kijyanye no kumenya niba amasezerano yabaye hagati ya GEM Rwanda Ltd na FAIR Construction Ltd yarubahirijwe. [26] Kuri icyo kibazo, urwo Rukiko, rushingiye ku ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko No 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/06/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, iteganya ko buri muburanyi agomba kugaragaza ukuri kw’ibyo aburana, ku ngingo ya 12, igika cya mbere y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 y’Itegeko ryerekeye imiburanire y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, iteganya ko urega agomba kugaragaza ibimenyetso by’ibyo aregera, kandi ko iyo abibuze, uwarezwe atsinda, rwasanze GEM Rwanda Ltd ivuga ko FAIR Construction Ltd itubahirije amasezerano zagiranye2, ingingo ya 5 y’ayo masezerano igateganya ko GEM Rwanda Ltd yagombaga kugaragaza fagitire n’uburyo bwo kwishyura, noneho hakishyura FAIR Construction Ltd, ko ku bikoresho bya A na F ivuga ko ari yo yabyishyuye itsindwa n’uko idashobora kubigaragariza ibimenyetso bifatika by’aho yabyishyuriye, kandi ko nta n’impamvu igaragaza yatumye ari yo ibyishyura mu mwanya wa FAIR Construction Ltd, inyuranyije n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 5 y’amasezerano impande zombi zagiranye, mu gihe ibindi byose byishyurwaga na Fair Construction Ltd. 11 Reba igika cya 22 cy’urubanza RCOMAA 0051/14/CS hagati ya RRA na SECAM Ltd rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2015 n’igika cya 21 cy’urubanza RCOMAA 0038/16/CS - RCOMAA 0033/2016/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 21/04/2017 hagati ya Bank of Kigali Plc na Mulisa Kana Martin. Reba igika cya 21 mu rubanza RCOMAA 00043/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 29/12/2021 haburana HIGH END DEVELOPERS Ltd / Murerwa Annet , ODUOR EDGAR DICKSON OMALA OTIENO na RIGHT Ltd. 2 Reba mu bika bya 6 na 7 by’urubanza RCOM 00980/2020/TC na RCOM 01049/2020/TC ku rwego rwa mbere.

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[27] Mu gika cya 9 n’icya 10 by’urubanza ku rwego rw’Urukiko Rukuru rw’Ubucuruzi, nyuma yo gusuzuma niba hari amakosa GEM Rwanda Ltd yakoze mu masezerano yayo na FAIR Construction Ltd nk’ingingo y’ubujurire iboneka mu bika bya 6 na 7 by’urwo rubanza rwajuririwe, na rwo rwarasanze GEM Rwanda Ltd itsindwa no kudashobora kugaragariza Urukiko ishingiro ry’ibyo ivuga biherekejwe n’ibimenyeso byari kuvuguruza ibyashingiweho hemezwa ko itsinzwe mu rubanza ku rwego rwa mbere. [28] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga izo nkiko zombi zabanje zarasobanuye kimwe impamvu z’ugutsindwa kwa GEM Rwanda Ltd kandi na yo mu miburanire yayo ihagarariwe na Me Meso Charles ODHIAMBO yemera ko ibyashingiweho mu nkiko zombi ari bimwe, ariko ko ngo hari ibimenyetso zirengagije ntizibisuzume. Uku kwiyemerera k’uwajuriye kukaba nako gushimangira ibimaze gusobanurwa haruguru ko yajuriye bwa kabiri mu buryo butemewe n’Amategeko; bityo ubu bujurire yatanze bukaba butagomba kwakirwa ngo busuzumwe hakurikijwe ibiteganywa n’iyo ngingo ya 52, igika cya 3, yibukijwe haruguru. Naho ibyo uburanira GEM Rwanda Ltd avuga ko byirengagijwe bigatera akarengane uwo aburanira, Urukiko rurasanga bireba imizi y’urubanza ku buryo bitasuzumwa n’Urukiko mu gihe rukiri ku rwego rwo gusuzuma inzitizi yo kubanza kumenya niba rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha urubanza mu mizi ku ngingo zajuririwe. Ibijyanye n’amafaranga y’ibyagenze ku rubanza asabwa n’ababuranyi  [29] GEM Rwanda Ltd ODHIAMBO yasabye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka FAIR Construction Ltd kwishyura GEM Rwanda Ltd 5.000.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, no kuyisubiza amafaranga ibihumbi mirongo itanu (50.000Frw) y’igarama yatanze irega. [30] FAIR Construction Ltd yasabye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire gutegeka GEM Rwanda Ltd kuyishyura amafaranga y'ikurikiranarubanza n'igihembo cya Avoka angana na miliyoni ebyiri (2.000.000Frw) muri ubu bujurire kubera kuyishora mu manza zidafite ishingiro. [31] Buri muburanyi avuga ko amafaranga asabwa n’uwo baburana nta shingiro afite. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [32] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibi bikurikira : “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. Ingingo ya 34 y’Amabwiriza nº 01/2014 yo ku wa 18/07/2014 agena ibihembo mbonera by’Abavoka, iteganya ko: “Avoka afite uburenganzira bwo kugena igihembo ashyize mu gaciro ariko kitari munsi ya 500.000Frw kandi kitarenze 3.000.000 Frw”. [33] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga FAIR Construction Ltd iregwa muri ubu bujurire isaba ari yo iyakwiye kandi agenwe mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ayo isaba ari menshi ugereranyije

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n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza, bityo GEM Rwanda Ltd ikaba igomba kwishyura FAIR Construction Ltd 500.000 Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000 Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [34] Rwemeje ko inzitizi y’iburabubasha yatanzwe na FAIR Construction Ltd ifite ishingiro kuri bimwe ; [35] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa General Electricals and Mechanicals Rwanda (GEM Rwanda) Ltd butakiriwe kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ; [36] Rutegetse General Electricals and Mechanicals Rwanda (GEM Rwanda) Ltd) kwishyura Fair Contruction Ltd 500.000Frw y’igihembo cya Avoka na 200.000Frw y’ikurikiranarubanza kuri uru rwego; [37] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’uru rubanza yatanzwe na General Electricals and Mechanicals Rwanda (GEM Rwanda) Ltd ahwanye n’ibyarukozwemo.