GT BANK PLC VS BAZAMBANZA

# GT BANK PLC VS BAZAMBANZA

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2023-12-21 - Case/document no.: RCAA 00030/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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GT BANK PLC VS BAZAMBANZA [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RCAA 00030/2022/CA (Ngagi, P.J.) 21 Ukuboza 2023] Itegeko rigena ububasha bw’Inkiko – Ububasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire – Ubujurire bwa kabiri – Itegeko ritariho – kuba Urukiko rwashingira ku ngingo y’Itegeko ritagikoreshwa, rugaragaza ko ibiyikubiyemo ari ihame ry’amategeko, mu mwanya wo gushingira kuri iryo hame ubwaryo gusa, ntibigomba gufatwa nkaho rwashingiye ku Itegeko ritariho. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiye Bazambanza arega GT Bank Plc mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge asaba Urukiko kuyitegeka kumuha indishyi zitandukanye kubera ikirego nshinjabyaha RPA 00344/2016/HC/KIG yamurezemo ko yibye amafaranga kuri konte zayo akanafungwa, bikaza kurangira abaye umwere. GT Bank Plc yireguye ivuga ko atari yo yamufungishije, isobanura ko ubwo bubasha ari ubw’Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha. Urukiko mu rubanza RC00537/2019/TGI/NYGE, Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba Bazambanza Théoneste atagaragaza ko GT Bank Plc ari yo yamufungishije, rwemeje ko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite. Rumutegeka guha GT Bank Plc igihembo cya Avoka. Bazambanza yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko Urukiko rwabanje rwirengagije ko uwatanze ikirego cy'ikurikiranacyaha ari GT Bank Plc, no kuba uruhare rwayo rugaragazwa nuko abakozi bayo bemeye Electronic Funds Transfer Apllication batashishoje hakibwa amafaranga y’ibitaro bya Kibuye yakoreraga bigatuma afungwa arengana, bimuteza n’ibihombo bitandukanye. GT Bank Plc yireguye ivuga ko ubujurire bwa Bazambanza nta shingiro bufite kubera ko yirengagiza ko urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha ari zo nzego zikurikirana ibyaha. Urukiko mu rubanza RCA00089/2020/HC/KIG rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bazambanza bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza RC00537/2019/TGI/NYGE rwajuririwe ruhindutse kuri byose. Rutegeka GT Bank Plc kwishyura Bazambanza amafaranga 2.022.285Frw y’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza ku maherere n’amafaranga 1.250.000Frw ya Avoka, hamwe n’amafaranga y’indishyi zitandukanye. GT Bank Plc ntiyanyuzwe nicyo cyemezo ikijuririra mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, habanza gusuzumwa inzitizi y’iburabubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ububujurire, yazamuwe na Bazambanza avuga ko ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa GT Bank Plc butagomba kwakirwa kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Kuko impamvu yo kuvuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku itegeko ritariho, nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragaragaje ko ibyo ingingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano yavugaga ntakirabikuraho kandi ko ari ihame ry’amategeko nta kosa rwakoze. Gt Bank ivuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku ngingo ya 258 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 30/07/1888 rishyiraho Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, rigenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo kandi iryo tegeko ngo ryarakuweho n’ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 020/2019 ryo ku wa 22/08/2019 rikuraho amategeko yose yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge, Bityo ko ubujurire bwayo buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire kuko mu guca urubanza rujuririrwa hashingiwe ku Itegeko ritariho.

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Incamake y’icyemezo: kuba Urukiko rwashingira ku ngingo y’Itegeko ritagikoreshwa, rugaragaza ko ibiyikubiyemo ari ihame ry’amategeko, mu mwanya wo gushingira kuri iryo hame ubwaryo gusa, ntibigomba gufatwa nkaho rwashingiye ku Itegeko ritariho. Bityo, iyo bigenze bityo bifatwa nk’ikosa ry’imyandikire, kuko icyo Urukiko ruba rwarashatse kuvuga, kandi gihuza n’igitekerezo nyamukuru (esprit), ni uko ihame rusange ry’amategeko rikubiye muri iyo ngingo, ari ryo rigomba gukurikizwa cyereka umuburanyi abashije kwerekana isano yo gutsindwa kwe n’iryo kosa ry’imyandikire ashingiraho. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, Ingingo ya 9,111, Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, Ingingo ya 52, Itegeko Nº 020/2019 ryo ku wa 22/08/2019 rikuraho amategeko yose yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge, ingingo ya 3 Imanza zifashishijwe: Urubanza RPAA 0096/15/CS, ubushinjacyaha vs MUKARUSANGA Olive rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/05/2018, Urubanza RCAA0002/15/CS, MUKARUSHAKIRO na bagenzi be vs GAHIRE, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 20/01/2017, rwatangajwe mu Cyegeranyo cy’Ibyemezo by’Inkiko V.3-2017, Nyakanga, 2017, PP 10- 11. Urubanza RPAA00004/2021/CA, Ubushinjacyaha vs NYIRAMUTESI NYIRABATONI Xaverine n’uregera indishyi SABUNE GWIZA Vénantie rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/09/2021, igika cya 28. Urubanza RSOCAA 00005/2020/CA, RULI Higher Institute of Health of Sainte Rose De Lima vs NYIRABARI ZIRUNGUYE Jeannette rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 12/02/2021, igika cya 25 na 26 Urubanza

I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Uru rubanza rukomoka ku kirego Bazambanza Théoneste yatanze mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge arega GT Bank Plc avuga ko yamureze kuri station ya Polisi i Remera muri dosiye

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no 433/KE/RMR/GSBO/015, bamushinja kwiba amafaranga kuri konti zayo; urubanza rurakurikiranwa, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rumuhamya icyaha mu rubanza RP0613/2015/TGI/NYGE, hashingiwe ku buhamya bw’abantu bari bamufitiye umugambi mubi bagiye bamushinja ibinyoma, ariko nyuma baza kurekurwa, we aza kurekurwa mu bujurire n’Urukiko Rukuru mu rubanza RPA00344/2016/HC/KIG, akaba asaba indishyi zikomoka ku gikorwa cyo ku mufungisha yakorewe na GT Bank Plc kikamwangiriza. GT Bank Plc yaburanye ivuga ko atari yo yamufungishije, isobanura ko ubwo bubasha ari ubw’inzego zigizwe n’Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha. [2] Mu rubanza RC00537/2019/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 24/1/2020, Urukiko rushingiye ku kuba Bazambanza Théoneste atagaragaza ko GT Bank Plc ari yo yamufungushije n’uruhare rwayo kugira ngo afungwe usibye kuvuga gusa ko ari yo yari yibwe, rwemeje ko ikirego cye nta shingiro gifite. Rumutegeka guha GT Bank Plc igihembo cya Avoka kingana n’ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw), rumusonera amagarama y’urubanza angana n’amafaranga ibihumbi makumyabiri (20.000Frw) kuko afunze. [3] Bazambanza Théoneste yajuririye Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwirengagije ko uwatanze ikirego cy'ikurikiranacyaha ari GT Bank Plc, no kuba uruhare rwayo rugaragazwa nuko abakozi bayo bemeye Electronic Funds Transfer Apllication batashishoje hakibwa amafaranga y’ibitaro bya Kibuye yakoreraga bigatuma afungwa arengana, ari ibyo byamuteje igihombo kirimo kwirukanwa, guteshwa agaciro, kurwara amaso n’ibindi. GT Bank Plc yireguye ivuga ko ubujurire bwa Bazambanza Théoneste nta shingiro bufite kubera ko yirengagiza ko urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha n’Ubushinjacyaha ari zo nzego zikurikirana ibyaha, bigakurikiranwa mu nyungu za sosiyete yose, kuko bifatwa nkaho biba byakorewe sosiyete muri rusange. [4] Mu rubanza RCA00089/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 19/10/2022, Urukiko rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Bazambanza Théoneste bufite ishingiro, ko urubanza RC00537/2019/TGI/NYGE rwajuririwe ruhindutse kuri byose. Rutegeka GT Bank Plc kwishyura Bazambanza Théoneste amafaranga miliyoni ebyi n’ibihumbi makumyabiri na bibiri na magana abiri na mirongo inani n’atanu (2.022.285Frw) y’indishyi zo gushorwa mu manza ku maherere n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana abiri mirongo itanu (1.250.000Frw) ya Avoka, hamwe n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana abiri (200,000Frw) y’indishyi z’ikurikiranarubanza no gusubizwa amagarama yatanze mu manza hose. [5] GT Bank Plc yajuririye Urukiko rw’Ubujurire, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RCAA00030/2022/CA. Urubanza rwaburanishijwe ku wa 13/12/2023, GT Bank Rwanda Plc ihagarariwe na Me Bimenyimana Eric, Bazambanza Théoneste yunganiwe na Me Nsabayezu Evariste, hasuzumwa ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ubujurire bwa GT Bank Plc buri mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. II. ISESENGURA RY’IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA 1.Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku itegeko ritariho ku buryo ubujurire bwa GT Bank Plc bwaba buri mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko

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[6] Uhagarariye GT Bank Plc ashingiye ku ngingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 3°, y’Itegeko N° 30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko iteganya ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite kandi ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru (…), iyo izo manza: 3° zashingiye ku itegeko ritariho, ingingo z’amategeko zitakiriho cyangwa zaciwe n’Urukiko rutabifitiye ububasha, avuga ko Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite ububasha bwo kuburanisha ubujurire bwayo kubera ko Urukiko Rukuru, mu rubanza rujuririrwa rwashingiye icyemezo cyarwo ku ngingo ya 258 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 30/07/1888 rishyiraho Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, kandi iryo tegeko ryaravuyeho. [7] Asobanura ko mu gika cya 15 cy’urubanza rujuririrwa RCA00089/2020/HC/KIG, Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku ngingo ya 258 y’Itegeko ryo ku wa 30/07/1888 rishyiraho Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, rigenga amasezerano cyangwa imirimo nshinganwa ivuga ko igikorwa cyose cy’umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka nyiri ugukora ikosa rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse kandi iryo tegeko ryarakuweho n’ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 020/2019 ryo ku wa 22/08/2019 rikuraho amategeko yose yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge, iteganya ko amategeko yose, yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda, avanyweho. Bityo ko ubujurire bwayo buri mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko kuko mu guca urubanza hashingiwe ku itageko ritariho. [8] Bazambanza Théoneste n’umwunganira bavuga ko ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa GT Bank Plc butagomba kwakirwa kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. Basobanura ko impamvu y’ubujurire bwa kabiri bwa GT Bank Plc ishingiye ku kuvuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku itegeko ritariho, ariko ko ibyo ivuga nta shingiro bifite, kuko kuba Urukiko Rukuru rwaragaragaje ko ibyo ingingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano yavugaga ntakirabikuraho kandi ko ari ihame ry’amategeko nta kosa rwakoze. Bavuga kandi ko ibyo ingingo ya 258 yibukijwe haruguru ivuga bitakuweho, kuko biri mu ihame ry’amategeko; ko rero nta kosa Urukiko Rukuru rwakoze, kuko gushingira ku ihame rubyemererwa n’ingingo ya 9 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi1. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [9] Ikibazo kiri muri uru rubanza gishingiye ku kumenya niba, kuba mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku ngingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, rukavuga ko ibiyivugwamo ari ihame ry’amategeko byakwitwa gushingira ku Itegeko ritariho bituma ubujurire bwa GT Bank Plc buba mu bubasha bw’uru Rukiko, cyangwa niba ari ikosa ry’imyandikire. [10] Ingingo ya 52, igika cya 2, agace ka 3°, y’Itegeko N°30/2018 ryo ku wa 02/06/2018 rigena ububasha bw’inkiko, iteganya ibikurikira: “Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rufite kandi ububasha bwo kuburanisha mu rwego rw’ubujurire bwa kabiri imanza zaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urukiko Rukuru 1 Igika cya mbere cy’iyo ngingo giteganya ko umucamanza aca urubanza ashingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko zirebana n’ikirego yaregewe. Iyo nta tegeko rijyanye n’ikiburanwa ashingira ku mategeko asanga yashyiraho mu gihe yaba ashinzwe kuyashyiraho, yifashishije ibyemezo byagiye bifatwa n’inkiko, umuco, amahame rusange agenga amategeko n’inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko.

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rw’Ubucuruzi n’Urukiko Rukuru rwa Gisirikare, iyo izo manza: 3° zashingiye ku itegeko ritariho, ingingo z’amategeko zitakiriho cyangwa zaciwe n’Urukiko rutabifitiye ububasha”. [11] Ingingo ya 9, igika cya mbere, y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ko umucamanza aca urubanza ashingiye ku ngingo z’amategeko zirebana n’ikirego yaregewe. Iyo nta tegeko rijyanye n’ikiburanwa ashingira ku mategeko asanga yashyiraho mu gihe yaba ashinzwe kuyashyiraho, yifashishije ibyemezo byagiye bifatwa n’inkiko, umuco, amahame rusange agenga amategeko n’inyandiko z’abahanga mu mategeko. [12] Mu rubanza RPAA0096/15/CS rwaciwe ku wa 18/05/2018, Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwasesenguye ibijyanye n’itegeko ritariho nk’imwe mu mpamvu ituma ubujurire bwa kabiri bwakirwa, aho rwagize ruti: “Isesengura ry’iyi ngingo, itegeko zashingiyeho ritari ririho, aya magambo «itegeko ritariho» akaba agomba kumvikana mu buryo bw’itegeko ritagikoreshwa (loi abrogée, repealed law), cyangwa itegeko ritaratangira gukoreshwa (loi non encore en vigueur, a law not yet in force), cyangwa se itegeko ritigeze ribaho (qui n’a jamais existé, a law that never existed). Rusanga ibi bivuze ko ishingiro ry’ububasha ryareberwa mu ikoreshwa mu rubanza rujuririrwa ry’Itegeko ryaba ryaravanyweho, ritaratangira gukoreshwa cyangwa se ritarabaho2. [13] Mu rubanza RCAA0002/15/CS3 rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 20/01/2017, Urukiko rwemeje ko ukwibeshya mu myandikire ku nyito y’Itegeko bitagomba gufatwa nko gukoresha itegeko ritigeze ribaho cyangwa ryabayeho nyuma rikavanwaho mu gihe bigaragara ko ibirikubiyemo bihura n’ibiteganyijwe mu itegeko ryagombaga gukoreshwa. [14] Mu rubanza RPAA00004/2021/CA4 rwaciwe n’uru Rukiko ku wa 30/09/2021, Urukiko rwasobanuye ko mu kuvuga ko urubanza rwashingiye ku itegeko ryavuyeho rushobora kujuririrwa bwa kabiri, Umushingamategeko atari agamije kurengera inyuguti y’itegeko ahubwo yarashakaga ko ibikubiye (contenu) mu itegeko ryavuyeho cyangwa bitigeze binateganywa n’itegeko bitaba ishingiro ryo kurenganya umuburanyi. Niyo mpamvu Urukiko rujuririwe bwa kabiri, mu gusuzuma ububasha bwarwo, rutagarukira gusa ku kuba mu rubanza rujuririrwa habonekamo itegeko ryavuyeho cyangwa ritigeze ribaho, ahubwo runasuzuma ko iryo tegeko ari naryo shingiro ryo gutsindwa k’uwajuriye ku buryo bumutera akarengane, byaba atari ko biri bigafatwa nk’ikosa ry’imyandikire. [15] Imikirize y’urubanza igaragaza ko mu rubanza rujuririrwa RCA00089/2020/HC/KIG, mu gika cya 15, Urukiko Rukuru rwibukije ibyateganywaga n’ingingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, ivuga ko igikorwa cyose cy'umuntu cyangirije undi gitegeka nyirugukora ikosa rigikomokaho kuriha ibyangiritse, rusanga ibikubiye muri iyo ngingo 2 Reba igika cya 14 cy’urubanza No RPAA 0096/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 18/05/2018, haburana ubushinjacyaha na MUKARUSANGA Olive. 3 Reba igika cya 25 y’urubanza No RCAA 0002/15/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 20/01/2017 hagati ya MUKARUSHAKIRO na bagenzi be baburana na GAHIRE, urubanza rwatangajwe mu Cyegeranyo cy’Ibyemezo by’Inkiko V.3-2017, Nyakanga, 2017, PP 10- 11. 4 Reba igika cya 28 cy’urubanza RPAA 00004/2021/CA, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 30/09/2021, haburana Ubushinjacyaha na NYIRAMUTESI NYIRABATONI Xaverine n’uregera indishyi SABUNE GWIZA Vénantie.

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bigomba gukomeza kubahirizwa kuko ari ihame ry’amategeko ritigeze risumburwa, rwemeza ko iyo ngingo yakurikizwa kuko ihame riyikubiyemo nta cyarivanyeho; maze rwemeza ko GT Bank Plc igomba kuryozwa ubuteshuke (negligence) yakoze byatumye Bazambanza Théoneste afungwa bikamuteza igihombo avuga. [16] Ku birebana n’uru rubanza, kuba mu rubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwarashingiye ku ngingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’urwunge rw’amategeko mbonezamubano, rukagaragaza ko ibiyikubiyemo ari ihame ry’amategeko, mu mwanya wo gushingira kuri iryo hame gusa, kuko amategeko yose yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge yaravuyeho nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 020/2019 ryo ku wa 22/08/2019 rikuraho amategeko yose yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge5, Urukiko rurasanga bitagomba gufatwa ko rwashingiye ku itegeko ritariho nk’uko uhagarariye GT Bank Plc ashaka kubyumvikanisha, ahubwo ikigaragara ni uko ari ikosa ry’imyandikire, kuko icyo Urukiko rwashatse kuvuga, kandi gihuza n’igitekerezo nyamukuru (esprit), ni uko ihame rusange ry’amategeko rikubiye mu ngingo ya 258 yibukijwe haruguru, ari ryo rigomba gukurikizwa. Bityo ntabwo mu rubanza rujuririrwa Urukiko rwashingiye ku Itegeko ritariho, cyane ko ibyari bikubiye (contenu) mu ngingo 258 ari ihame rusange ry’amategeko kandi rikurikizwa mu manza nyinshi. [17] Ibi ni nako uru Rukiko rwabibonye mu manza zitandukanye zirimo urubanza RSOCAA00005/2020/CA, aho rwasobanuye ko kuba mu rubanza RSOCA00004/2019/HC/MUS, mu gika cya 26 ku rupapuro rwa 10 umucamanza yaragennye indishyi ashingiye ku ngingo ya 258 y’Igitabo cya gatatu cy’Urwunge rw’amategeko y’imbonezamubano (CCL III) ari ukwibeshya kuko bigaragara ko icyari kigamijwe kwari ukugena amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka kandi adatangwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 258, ahubwo atangwa hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi (CPCCSA), bikaba bigaragara ko habayeho kwibeshya6; ndetse no mu rubanza RPAA 00004/2021/CA rwavuzwe haruguru, aho uru Rukiko rwasobanuye ko kuba umucamanza yarashingiye ku ngingo ya 165 y’Itegeko N° 30/2013 mu mwanya wo gushingira ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 027/2019 ari ikosa ry’imyandikire (erreur matérielle), aho kuba impamvu yo kujuririra bwa kabiri k’umuburanyi uterekana isano ryo gutsindwa kwe n’ikosa ry’imyandikire ashingiraho7. [18] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro bimaze gutangwa, Urukiko rurasanga ubujurire bwa GT Bank Plc butagomba kwakirwa ngo busuzumwe, kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Urubujurire nk’uko byagaragajwe. 2.Kumenya niba amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka Bazambanza Théoneste asabwa afite ishingiro 5 Iyi ngingo ya 3 y’Itegeko Nº 020/2019 ryo ku wa 22/08/2019 rikuraho Amategeko yose yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge iteganya ibikurikira: “Amategeko yose, yashyizweho mbere y’itariki y’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda, avanyweho”. 6 Reba igika cya 25 na 26 cy’urubanza No RSOCAA 00005/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 12/02/2021, haburana RULI Higher Institute of Health of Sainte Rose De Lima na NYIRABARI ZIRUNGUYE Jeannette, 7 Reba igika cya 29.

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[19] Bazambanza Théoneste n’umwunganira bavuga mu gihe ubujurire bwa GT Bank Plc butakwakirwa basaba Urukiko kuyitegeka kumuha amafaranga miliyoni eshatu (3,000,000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atatu (300,000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, cyane ko ava I Nyamasheke akarara I Kigali. [20] Uhagarariye GT Bank Plc avuga ko amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza n’igihembo cya Avoka ari ingaruka, ko mu gihe Urukiko rwasanga ubujurire bwayo butagomba kwakirwa, ayo mafaranga yagenwa mu bushishozi bw’Urukiko kuko ayo Bazambanza Théoneste asaba ari menshi. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [21] Ingingo ya 111 y’Itegeko N° 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi iteganya ibikurikira: “Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza ni ikirego gishamikira ku kirego cy’iremezo kigamije kwishyuza ibyakoreshejwe mu rubanza. Ikirego cy’amafaranga y’ikurikiranarubanza kiburanishirizwa rimwe n’ikirego cy’iremezo. Gishobora kandi kwakirwa kikanaburanishwa n’iyo ikirego cy’iremezo cyaba kitakiriwe”. [22] Urukiko rurasanga amafaranga y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ikurikiranarubanza Bazambanza Théoneste asaba afite ishingiro, kuko hari ibyo yatakaje akurikirana anaburana uru rubanza, ariko kuba urubanza rugarukiye ku nzitizi; mu bushishozi bwarwo, rumugeneye, amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, agomba gutangwa na GT Bank Plc. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [23] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa GUARANTY TRUST BANK RWANDA Plc butakiriwe kuko butari mu bubasha bw’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire. [24] Rutegetse GUARANTY TRUST BANK RWANDA Plc guha Bazambanza Théoneste amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500.000Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka n’ibihumbi magana abiri (200.000Frw) y’ikurikiranarubanza, kuri uru rwego. [25] Ruvuze ko amagarama yatanzwe ahwanye n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza.