UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HABANABAKIZE

# UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HABANABAKIZE

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2022-11-30 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00241/2022/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA v. HABANABAKIZE [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00241/2022/CA (Gakwaya, P.J.) 30 Ugushyingo 2022] Amategeko agenga imanza nshinjabyaha – Isaka (perquisition) – Uretse mu gihe ukekwaho icyaha afatiwe mu cyuho cyangwa asa n’uwagifatiwemo, nta saka rishobora gukorwa n’Umugenzacyaha mu gihe adafite urwandiko rwo gusaka cyangwa uruhushya rwo gusaka, yahawe n’Umushinjacyaha ubifitiye ububasha, agomba kandi kurugaragaza mbere yo gusaka, ndetse isaka rigakorerwa imbere y’ukekwaho icyaha, Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bw’aho icyo gikorwa kibera buhari. Mu gihe isaka ryakozwe ku buryo ritubahirije ibisabwa n’amategeko, iryo saka n’inyandiko-mvugo zose zakozwe zigomba guteshwa agaciro. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, uregwa akurikiranywe ku cyaha cyo gucuruza no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi na cocaïne, Ubushinjacyaha bukaba bwamukurikiranye buvuga ko hashingiwe ku makuru y’inzego z’umutekano, police ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge yamenye ko uregwa acuruza kandi akanywa ibiyobyabwenge bya cocaïne n’urumogi, itangira kumushakisha kugeza ubwo afashwe, maze bamusangana udupfunyika tubiri (2) tw’urumogi, bicarbonate ivangwa na cocaïne, papier alminium yifashishwa mu kunywa cocaïne, n’ibinini bitandukanye bitemewe birimo Caps na Diazepam bikoreshwa nk’ibiyobyabwenge. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rwemeza ko uregwa ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza no kunywa urumogi na cocaïne, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe (21.000.000 Frw). Uregwa yajuruririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwamuhamije icyaha rushingiye ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho, Mu iburanisha muri urwo Rukiko, Ubushinjacyaha bushingiye kuri raporo yakozwe na RFL (Rwanda Forensic Laboratory) yavugaga ko icyo bashyikirijwe gupima ari bicarbonate, nk’uko n’uregwa nawe yabivugaga ko atari cocaïne, bwemeye ko gucuruza cocaïne byavanwa mu byo uregwa akurikiranyweho, ahubwo hakarebwa ko icyaha yakurikiranwaho ari ugufatanwa urumogi, gihanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2). Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza nuko rwemeza ko ku mikirize y’urubanza rwajuririwe nta gihindutse. Uregwa yarongeye ajuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ko ku rwego rw’ubujurire, Ubushinjacyaha bwasabye ko atakomeza gukurikiranwaho icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza urumogi na cocaïne, ahubwo agakurikiranwaho gufatanwa urumogi gusa, avuga kandi ko Urukiko rwirengije raporo ya Rwanda Forensic Laboratory igaragaza ko ibyafatiriwe atari ibiyobyabwenge no kuba udupfunyika tubiri (2) tw’urumogi tuvugwa mu rubanza tutarafatiwe iwe mu rugo. Ubushinjacyaha bwo bwaburanye buvuga ko kuba ibyavuzwe n’Umushinjacyaha mu Rukiko Rukuru bitandukanye nuko Umushinjacyaha wamubanjirije ndetse nuko inkiko zagiye ziburanisha urubanza zabibonye, ari ibintu bisanzwe bitewe n’ibimenyetso bindi byari Bihari, buvuga ko kuba Rwanda Forensic Laboratory (RFL) ivuga ko mu byo yapimye nta cocaïne yari irimo, Atari igitangaza, kuko

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ubwo butumwa itari yabuhawe, ko nta n’icyo byahindura ku cyaha cyahamijwe uregwa kuko hari ibindi bimenyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Uretse mu gihe ukekwaho icyaha afatiwe mu cyuho cyangwa asa n’uwagifatiwemo, nta saka rishobora gukorwa n’Umugenzacyaha mu gihe adafite urwandiko rwo gusaka cyangwa uruhushya rwo gusaka, yahawe n’Umushinjacyaha ubifitiye ububasha, agomba kandi kurugaragaza mbere yo gusaka, ndetse isaka rigakorerwa imbere y’ukekwaho icyaha, Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bw’aho icyo gikorwa kibera buhari. 2. Mu gihe isaka ryakozwe ku buryo ritubahirije ibisabwa n’amategeko, iryo saka n’inyandiko-mvugo zose zakozwe zigomba guteshwa agaciro. Ubujurire bufite ishingiro. Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 2003 ryavuguruwe mu 2015, ingingo ya 34, igika cya kabiri (2) Itegeko N° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha, Ingingo ya 55, 59 n’iya 60, 61 n’iya 64. Itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, ingingo ya Ingingo ya 49 na 263. Itegeko N° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ingingo ya 62. Nta manza zifashishijwe. Inyandiko z’abahanga zifashishijwe: Général LIKULIA BOLONGO, Droit pénal spécial zaïrois, Tome I, 2e édition, L.G.D.J., Paris,1985. Jean Pradel et Michel Danti-Juan, Droit pénal spécial, 6e édition, Editions Cujas, Paris, 2014. Crim. 5 nov. 1998: Gaz. Pal. 1999, 1, chron.crim. 39, in code pénal annoté, 114e édition, Dalloz, Paris, 2016. Michel Frachimont, Ann Jacobs et Adrien Masset, Manuel de procédure pénale, 4e édition, Larcier, Bruxelles, 2012. Henry-D. Bosly et Damien Vandermeersch, Droit de la procédure pénale, 2e édition, La Charte, 2001, Brugge, Urubanza

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I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Urubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranyeho HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy icyaha cyo gucuruza no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi na cocaïne, busobanura ko hashingiwe ku makuru y’inzego z’umutekano, police ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge yamenye ko uwitwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy acuruza kandi akanywa ibiyobyabwenge bya cocaïne n’urumogi, itangira kumushakisha kugeza ubwo ku wa 30/4/2019 yafashwe, maze bamusangana udupfunyika tubiri (2) tw’urumogi, bicarbonate ivangwa na cocaïne, papier alminium yifashishwa mu kunywa cocaïne, n’ibinini bitandukanye bitemewe birimo Caps na Diazepam bikoreshwa nk’ibiyobyabwenge. [2] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yaburanye ahakana icyaha, asaba kurenganurwa. [3] Mu rubanza no RP 00700/2019/TG/NYGE rwaciwe ku wa 27/12/2019, rushingiye ku bimenyetso bitandukanye bigizwe n’inyadiko-mvugo y’ifatira igaragaza ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yafatanwe udupfunyika tubiri (2) tw’urumogi, ku bikoresho bitandukanye byafatiwe iwe, bikoreshwa muri ibyo bikorwa bijyanye no gucuruza no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, no ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwemeje ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gucuruza no kunywa urumogi na cocaïne, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’imwe (21.000.000 Frw). [4] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajuririra Urukiko Rukuru avuga ko Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge rwamuhamije icyaha rushingiye ku bimenyetso bishidikanywaho, bigizwe n’abatangabuhamya atemera, barimo UMUHIRE Assoumah, KWIZERA Vincent de Paul alias KIKI na SHUMBUSHO Mussa, runashingira ku bintu bavuga byafatiriwe iwe kandi atarabyeretswe, rwemeza ko ari ibyo akoresha mu bucuruzi bw’ibiyobyabwenge. [5] Mu iburanisha ryo ku wa 7/3/2021 mu Rukiko Rukuru, Ubushinjacyaha bushingiye kuri raporo yakozwe na RFL (Rwanda Forensic Laboratory) yavugaga ko icyo bashyikirijwe gupima ari bicarbonate, nk’uko n’uregwa nawe yakomeje kubivuga ko atari cocaïne nk’uko byari byaketswe mbere, bwemeye ko gucuruza cocaïne byavanwa mu byo HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy akurikiranyweho, ahubwo hakarebwa ko icyaha yakurikiranwaho ari ugufatanwa urumogi, gihanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2). [6] Mu rubanza no RPA 00195/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe ku wa 5/4/2022, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa HABANABAKIZE Selaimani alias Addy nta shingiro bufite, ko imikirize y’urubanza no RP 00700/2019/TG/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 27/12/2019 idahindutse kuri byose. [7] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajuririra Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 9/4/2022, avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ko ku rwego rw’ubujurire, Ubushinjacyaha bwasabye ko atakomeza gukurikiranwaho icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza urumogi na cocaïne, ahubwo agakurikiranwaho gufatanwa urumogi gusa, ndetse rwirengagiza raporo ya

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Rwanda Forensic Laboratory igaragaza ko ibyafatiriwe atari ibiyobyabwenge no kuba udupfunyika tubiri (2) tw’urumogi tutarafatiwe iwe mu rugo. Avuga kandi ko mu kumuhamya icyaha aregwa, urwo Rukiko rwashingiye ku bimenyetso bituzuye kandi bishidikanywaho harimo imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamushinja n’inyandiko-mvugo y’ibyabonetse (Procès-verbal de constat). [8] Urubanza rwaburanishijwe mu mizi ku wa 7/11/2022, HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yunganirwa na Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka, Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na UWANZIGA Lydia, Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu. II. IBIBAZO BIGIZE URUBANZA N’ISESENGURA RYABYO. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze ikosa ryo kudashingira ku cyifuzo cy’Ubushinjacyaha bwasabaga ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy atahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne. [9] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy avuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwirengagije ubusabe n’icyifuzo cy’Ubushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’ubujurire bwa mbere, aho bwari bwagaragaje ko nta kintu gihari cyatuma ashinjwa icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne kuko nta cocaïne yabonetse mu byo bapimye muri Rwanda Forensic Laboratory, ko rero hari ugushidikanya ku cyaha aregwa. [10] Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka, wunganira HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy, avuga ko impamvu ya mbere yateye HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy kujurira ari uko Urukiko Rukuru rwamuhamije icyaha cyo gucuruza no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge rushingiye ku bimenyetso bituzuye kandi bishidikanywaho, bituma rufata icyemezo gishingiye ku kugenekereza, ko rwirengagije icyifuzo cy’Ubushinjacyaha bwasabaga ko atakomeza gukurikiranwaho gucuruza no kunywa urumogi na cocaïne, ahubwo agakurikiranwaho gufatanwa urumogi, rukirengagiza raporo y’abahanga (Rwanda Forensic Laboratory) igaragaza ko ibyafatiriwe birimo ifu n'ibinini, basanze atari ibiyobyabwenge. [11] Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka akomeza avuga ko raporo yakozwe na Rwanda Forensic Laboratory yabonetse urubanza rugeze mu Rukiko Rukuru, ariyo mpamvu nk’uko byasabwe n’Ubushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’ubujurire, urwo Rukiko rwagombaga gushingira kubyo Umushinjacyaha yavuze, rukemeza ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy atagomba guhanishwa igihano cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25), ahubwo agomba guhanishwa igihano cy’imyaka ibiri (2), ko rero rwirengagije ibyasabwe n’Umushinjacyaha byo gukuraho uregwa icyaha cyo gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge, rukamuhamya icyaha cyo kubifatanywa. [12] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ibyavuzwe n’Umushinjacyaha mu Rukiko Rukuru, ari ko yabyumvaga, naho Umushinjacyaha wamubanjirije ndetse n’inkiko zagiye ziburanisha urubanza zibaka atari ko zabibonye, bitewe n’ibimenyetso bindi byari bihari, ko kandi ibyo ari ibintu bisanzwe. [13] Ubushinjacyaha bukomeza buvuga ko nta hantu na hamwe HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yigeze ashinjwa cyangwa ngo ahamwe no gufatanwa cocaïne, ko ahubwo hari ibikoresho byifashishwaga mu kuyinywa no kuyicuruza (umunzani na papier aluminium ndetse n’indi produit bavangaga na cocaïne, bayinywa). Kuba rero RFL yavuga ko mu byo yapimye nta cocaïne yari irimo, si igitangaza, kuko ubwo butumwa itari yabuhawe, ko nta n’icyo byahindura ku cyaha cyahamijwe

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HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy kuko hari ibindi bimenyetso byashingiweho mu kumuhamya icyaha. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [14] Ihame ry’amategeko nshinjabyaha ryemeza ko Inkiko ziburanisha ibikorwa bigize icyaha, zitaburanisha inyito y’icyaha yemejwe n’Ubushinjacyaha cyangwa n’Inkiko zabanje, ibi bivuze ko Inkiko zifite inshingano yo guha ibikorwa bigize icyaha inyito ikwiye iteganywa n’amategeko, ntizitegetswe gukurikiza inyito y’icyaha yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha, bisobanura na none ko inyito y’icyaha ishobora guhinduka igihe cyose Urukiko rutarafata icyemezo ndakuka1. [15] Ingingo ya 49 y’Itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange iteganya ko “Umucamanza atanga igihano akurikije uburemere bw'icyaha, ingaruka icyaha cyateye, impamvu zatumye agikora, uko uwagikoze yari asanzwe yitwara, imibereho ye bwite n’uburyo icyaha cyakozwemo’’. [16] Ingingo ya 49 ishimangira ihame ry’ametegeko ryemerera Umucamanza, mu gutanga igihano, kureba imibereho y’uwakoze icyaha mbere yo kugikora, igihe yagikoraga na nyuma yo kugikora, akazihuza n’uko icyaha cyakozwe, uburemere bwacyo n’ingaruka cyateye muri sosiyete. [17] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gace ka karindwi (7) k’urubanza rujuririrwa, Ubushinjacyaha bwasabye imbere y’Urukiko Rukuru ko icyaha cyo gucuruza cocaïne kivanwa mu byo HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy akurikiranweho, ahubwo hakarebwa ko icyaha yakoze ari ugufatanywa urumogi, gihanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri (2). [18] Mu gace ka munani (8) n’aka cyenda (9) tw’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko kuba ruregerwa ibikorwa bigize icyaha, rutaregerwa inyito y’icyaha cyangwa rudategetswe kwita ku nyito yatanzwe n’ababuranyi cyangwa ngo rushingire ku nyito Ubushinjacyaha bwakoresheje mu kurega uregwa (le juge est saisi des faits, il n’est pas lié par la qualification retenue par le Ministère Public), ko harebwe ibikorwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yarezwe ku rwego rwa mbere byo gucuruza no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge bya cocaïne n’urumogi, cyane ko hari abatangabuhamya bakomeje kumushinja, agomba gukomeza kubiburana kuko Ubushinjacyaha ari bumwe (Unicité du Ministère Public). [19] Hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga n’ubwo Urukiko Rukuru rwaba rwaribeshye ku n’inyito y’icyaha no kuba rwarahaye uregwa igihano gitandukanye niyo Ubushinjacyaha bwamusabiye, nta kosa rwakoze kudashimangira ku nyito y’icyaha Umushinjacyaha yatanze ku rwego rw’ubujurire n’igihano yamusabiye, kuko Urukiko rudategetswe 1 Aussi longtemps que la décision judiciaire n’est pas encore devenue irrévocable, toute qualification est susceptible de modification. En effet, le parquet n’est pas lié par la qualification retenue par l’officier de police judiciaire ou par la partie lésée dans sa plainte. De même la juridiction de jugement étant saisie de faits, elle peut souverainement modifier la qualification qui lui est proposée par l’officier du ministère public ou par la partie civile en cas de citation directe’’, Général LIKULIA BOLONGO, Droit pénal spécial zaïrois, Tome I, 2e édition, L.G.D.J., Paris, 1985, P.20. ‘’ Le juge d’appel et le (……) procèdent également de la même manière. Car ni l’un ni l’autre n’est lié par la qualification du premier juge. Ils doivent à leur tour examiner l’exactitude de la première qualification’’, Général LIKULIA BOLONGO, op.cit., P.21.

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gukurikiza inyito y’icyaha yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha kubera ko ruburanisha ibikorwa bigize icyaha, rutaburanisha inyito y’icyaha yemejwe n’Ubushinjacyaha, ndetse rutanga igihano rurebye imibereho y’uwakoze icyaha mbere yo kugikora, igihe yagikoraga na nyuma yo kugikora, akazihuza n’uko icyaha cyakozwe, uburemere bwacyo n’ingaruka cyateye muri sosiyete . [20] Kubera izo mpamvu zose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy nta shingiro ifite. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarakoze amakosa yo guhamya HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne mu gihe itafatiriwe ngo igaragazwe mu rubanza [21] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy na Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rutari kumuhamya kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne mu gihe itafatiriwe kandi itagaragajwe mu Rukiko. Bakomeza bavuga ko bidahagije kwemeza ko anywa kandi agurisha ikiyobyabwenge hashingiye gusa ku buhamya bw’abantu no kuba yarasanganwe ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu kugicuruza. [22] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ntaho bwigeze buvuga ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yafatanwe cocaïne. Bukomeza buvuga ko kuba hari abatangabuhamya bamushinja gucuruza no kunywa cocaïne, ntaho yahungira icyaha, kandi yarafatanwe umunzani, bicarbonate na papier aluminium zikoreshwa mu gutegura cocaïne yo kunywa no gucuruza. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [23] Ingingo ya 263, igika cya mbere (1), y’Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko ‘‘Umuntu wese ufatanwa, urya, unywa, witera, uhumeka cyangwa wisiga mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo, aba akoze icyaha’’. [24] Igika cya gatatu (3) cy’iyo ngingo ya 263 giteganya ko ‘‘Umuntu wese ukora, uhinga, utunda, ubika, uha undi, ugurisha mu gihugu ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa urusobe rw’imiti ikoreshwa nka byo mu buryo bunyuranije n’amategeko, aba akoze icyaha. (…)’’. [25] Ibyo bika bibiri by’ingingo ya 263 byumvikanisha nta shiti ko kugira ngo hemezwe ko uregwa akoresha ibiyobyabwenge ku giti cye (usage personnel ou consommation personnelle) cyangwa abicuruza (trafic de stupéfiants), hagomba kugaragazwa mbere na mbere ibiyobyabwenge byafatiriwe (existence de produits stupéfiants)2. 2 Les notions communes à toutes ou à certaines incriminations (trafic de stupéfiants) sont au nombre de deux. 1° la première, qui se retrouve à propos de chaque incrimination sans exception, est l’existence d’un produit stupéfiantt, qui se présente techniquement comme une condition préalable aux infractions’’ (….), Jean Pradel et Michel Danti-Juan, Droit pénal spécial, 6e édition, Editions Cujas, Paris, 2014, P. 113. ‘’ Pour caractériser le traffic de stupéfiants, il faut d’abord prouver l’existence d’un produit stupéfiant, c’est-à-dire d’une substance psychotrope don’t l’usage répété conduit à une dépendance’’, in https://www.cabinetaci.com/trafic-de- stupéfiants-crimes-et-délits , consulté le 25/11/2022.

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[26] Nk’uko bigaragara mu gace ka cumi (10) n’aka cumi na kamwe (11) tw’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko kwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy hafatiwe udupfunyika tubiri tw’urumogi, ibinini birimo diazepam nabyo by’ibiyobyabwenge, umunzani ukoreshwa mu gupima cocaïne na papier aluminium yifashishwa mu kunywa ibiyobyabwenge bya cocaïne. Rwasobanuye kandi ko n’ubwo yaburanye ahakana icyaha ariko hari abatangabuhamya bamushinja kuba anywa akanacuruza cocaïne n’ibindi biyobyabwenge barimo bamwe mubo babisangiraga, kandi ibikoresho byafatiwe iwe bikaba bihuza n’imvugo z’abo batangabuhamya bemeza ko bazi ko abicuruza. [27] Mu gace ka cumi n’icyenda (19) k’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko hari ibimenyetso bihamya HABANABAKIZE Selaiman bita Addy icyaha cyo gucuruza no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge bihambaye byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi na cocaïne, kandi akaba yari yarabigize umwuga (kubera ibyo abatangabuhamya bamushinja no kuba yarafite umunzani yifashishaga mu gukora icyo cyaha) abatangabuhamya bamushinje kuba barakoranye icyaha akurikiranyweho inshuro nyinshi, ibi bikaba byunganirwa n’ibikoresho yafatanywe birimo umunzani upima cocaïne, n’ubwo we yavuze ko yari afite umushinga wo gucuruza za bijoux, akaba aricyo yari yarawuguriye, kugira ngo igihe azabonera amafaranga, umugore we azawukoreshe azicuruza. [28] Inyandiko-mvugo y’ifatira yakozwe n’Ubugenzacyaha ku wa 30/4/2019 igaragaza ko kwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy hafatiwe umunzani SN 60297, papier aluminium, ibinini Diazepam (7pièces), bicarbonate, urumogi udupfunyika tubiri (2), ikibiriti n’utunini tw’uduce (caps). [29] Nk’uko n’Ubushinjacyaha bubyemeza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta cocaïne HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yasanganwe cyangwa Ubugenzacyaha bwasanze mu rugo iwe. [30] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga rero nk’uko ingingo ya 263 y’Itegeko n° 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/8/2018 ryavuzwe haruguru ibyumvikanisha, mu gihe HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy atasanganywe cocaïne cyangwa ngo bayisange iwe mu rugo, atari gukurikiranwaho icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne, ngo abihanirwe kuko n’ubwo hari abatangabuhamya babyemeza, ni ngombwa mbere na mbere (condition préalable) kugaragaza ikiyobyabwenge aregwa mbere yo kwemeza ko akinywa cyangwa agicuruza3. Rurasanga kandi kuvuga ko iwe hafatiriwe bicarbonate umunzani na papier aluminium zifashishwa mu gupima cocaïne no kuyinywa bidahagije kuko byanze bikunze, hagomba mbere na mbere kugaragazwa iyo cocaïne, ivugwa ko anywa kandi acuruza. [31] Hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Urukiko Rukuru rutari guhanira HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne mu gihe iyo cocaïne itagaragajwe. 3 Caractérise les infractions reprochées au prévenu, prévues par l’art. 222-37 C.Pén., la cour d’appel qui, pour le déclarer coupable d’offre et cession illicites de stupéfiants, retient qu’il admet avoir dépanné une toxucomane, qu’il a été découvert à son domicile des barrettes de résine de cannabis, une cinquantaine de grammes d’héroïne ainsi qu’une balance de précision habituellement utilisée par les revendeurs de drogue, qu’iI a été formellement mis en cause comme revendeur d’héroïne par deux coprévenus et un certain nombre de toxicomanes notoires qui ont déclaré s’être fournis auprès de lui, et qu’il a ainsi joué un role majeur dans le trafic de stupéfiants révélé par cette procédure’’, Crim. 5 nov. 1998: Gaz. Pal. 1999, 1, chron.crim. 39, in code pénal annoté, 114e édition, Dalloz, Paris, 2016, P. 672.

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[32] Kubera izo mpamvu zose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ifite ishingiro. Kumenya niba Urukiko Rukuru rwarahamije HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy icyaha aregwa rushingiye ku buhamya butemewe n’amategeko [33] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy na Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka bavuga ko Urukiko Rukuru rwashingiye ku buhamya butemewe n’amategeko, rwemeza ko anywa kandi acuruza ibiyobyabwenge birimo urumogi na cocaïne, nk’ubuhamya bwa SHUMBUSHO Moussa, ubwa KWIZERA Vincent de Paul, ubwa UMUHIRE Assoumah n’ubwa UMWARI Chrystelle. [34] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy na Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka basobanura ko ubuhamya bwa SHUMBUSHO Moussa butashingirwaho kuko atavuga ibyo yiboneye, ahubwo avuga ibyo MUHIRE Mohamed alias Célibataire yamubwiye, ndetse uyu MUHIRE Mohamed alias Célibataire akaba yaragizwe umwere mu rubanza n° RPA 01862/2019/HC/KIG aho yari kumwe n’abandi baregwaga icyaha cyo gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bwa cocaïne, kandi akaba yaremeye imbere ya noteri, ku wa 15/8/2019, ko yabesheye HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy. Basobanura kandi ko ubuhamya bwa KWIZERA Vincent de Paul alias KIKI butahabwa agaciro kuko atarahijwe mbere yo kubutanga, ko yumviswe nk’uregwa mu rundi rubanza, bivuze ko atafatwa nk’umuntangabuhamya muri uru rubanza, kandi ibyo avuga atarabihagazeho kuko avuga ko yabibwiwe n’uwitwa Karim, ko ubuhamya bwa UMUHIRE Assoumah budakwiye guhabwa agaciro kuko ibyo avuga, n’ubwo byaba byarakozwe, ariko avuga ko byabaye mu myaka icumi (10) ishize, ko kandi niba amushinja kuba yaramugurishije cocaïne, icyo cyaha cyaba cyarashaje, ko na none UMWARI Chrystelle aterekana cocaïne avuga ko yamugurishije, kimwe n’abandi batangabuhamya bose bavuga ko yabagurishije cocaïne nta wayerekanye ngo agaragaze ibimenyetso bihamya ko ari HABANABAKIZE Selaimani alias Addy wayimugurishije. [35] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ku birebana na SHUMBUSHO Moussa, n’ubwo ibyo yavuze yabibwiwe na MUHIRE Mohamed alias Célibataire akaba yaragizwe umwere mu rundi rubanza, bitatuma na HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy agirwa umwere kuko atagaragaza urubanza rwamugize umwere, ngo anaruhuze n’ikibazo cye. Bukomeza buvuga ko ubuhamya bwa SHUMBUSHO Moussa mu Bugenzacyaha bugaragaza ko avuga ibintu azi neza kandi bisobanutse, by’umwihariko ku bantu bacuruza cocaïne, ko ndeste yatanze amakuru k’uwitwa SIMBARE Hervé alias Mao, agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’eshanu (25) n’ihazabu y’amafaranga miliyoni makumyabiri n’itanu (25.000.000 Frw) mu rubanza n° RPA 01620/2019/HC/KIG, uru rubanza rukaba rushimangira ubwizerwe bw’amakuru yatanzwe na SHUMBUSHO Moussa. Buvuga na none ko inyandiko SHUMBUSHO Moussa yakoreye imbere ya Noteri itahabwa agaciro kuko itanyuze mu Bugenzacyaha no mu Bushinjacyaha. [36] Ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa KWIZERA Vincent de Paul alias KIKI, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge atigeze agaragaza icyo amunenga, ko kuba ubu avuga ko atemera ibyo yavuze kuko atabanje kurahira, atari ikibazo kirebana n’ireme ry’ibyo yavuze (fond). Buvuga kandi ko n’ubwo inyandiko- mvugo ya KWIZERA Vincent de Paul alias KIKI yakorewe mu rundi rubanza, ishobora gukoreshwa murundi rubanza nk’ikimenyetso, ko amategeko atabuza ko inyandiko- mvugo y’ukurikiranyweho icyaha yakoreshwa mu rundi rubanza nk’ikimenyetso.

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[37] Ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa UMUHIRE Assoumah, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ibyo yavuze ko hashize imyaka icumi (10) azi HABANABAKIZE Selaimani alias Addy, uyu uregwa we akavuga ko n’ubwo yaba yaramugurishijeho cocaïne, muri icyo gihe cyose icyaha cyaba cyarashaje, uregwa ndetse n’umwunganizi we mu mategeko, batumvise neza, kuko icyo uyu mutangabuhamya yavugaga ari igihe bamaze bamenyanye, bisobanuye ko ari umuntu azi neza, akaba amushinja icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne. [38] Ku birebana n’umutangabuhamya UMWARI Chrystelle, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko ibyo HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy avuga ko atamuzi, atigeze abivuga mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, kandi ubuhamya bwa UMWARI Chrystelle bwari buhari muri dodiye, ko kuba ubu avuga ko atamuzi kwaba ari ukwigiza nkana, ko gusaba ko yazazanwa mu Rukiko ngo banyomozanye, atari ngombwa, kuko ku rwego rwa mbere atigeze abisaba, keretse igihe uru Rukiko rwasanga ari ngombwa ko yahamagazwa Bukomeza buvuga ko ubuhamya bwa UMWARI Chrystelle bwahabwa agaciro kuko yavuze uwo yaguze nawe n’igihe baguriye, ndetse uko bagiye bagura. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [39] Ingingo ya 62 y’Itegeko n° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo iteganya ko ‘’ Ubuhamya ni ibivugwa mu rukiko, bivuzwe n’umuntu wabibonye cyangwa wabyumvise ubwe ku byerekeye ikiburanywa’’. [40] Mu gace ka cumi na rimwe (11) k’urubanza rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru rwasobanuye ko n’ubwo HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yaburanye ahakana icyaha hose, ariko abatangabuhamya UMWALI Chrystelle, SHUMBUSHO Moussa, KWIZERA Vincent de Paul na UMUHIRE Assoumah bamushinja kuba anywa akanacuruza cocaïne n’ibindi biyobyabwenge kuko bamwe muri bo babisangiraga, ko ibikoresho byafatiwe iwe bihuza n’imvugo z’abo batangabuhamya bemeza ko bazi ko acuruza ibiyobyabwenge. [41] Mu gace ka cumi na gatandatu (16) k’urubanza rujuririrwa, urwo Rukiko rwanzura ko n’ubwo HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy aburana ahakana icyaha cyo gucuruza cocaïne, agishinjwa n’abo bayisangiye cyangwa abayiguze iwe, uwo yavuze ko batumvikana ni umwe muri bane bamushinja, abandi akaba avuga ko atabazi, ariko ibyo bamuvuzeho biragaragara ko batabimuhimbiye, cyane ko atabazi bakaba nta nicyo bapfa, usibye SHUMBUSHO Moussa yavuze ko bapfa ko yamutwaye umugeni, ariko nta n’ibimenyetso yabitangiye, bityo ntirwabifataho ukuri kuko rutanyuzwe n’ibisobanuro yatanze ahinyuza ubuhamya bwabo. [42] Nk’uko bigaragara mu duce twa cumi na kabiri (12), cumi na gatatu (13), cumi na kane (14) na cumi na gatanu (15) tw’urubanza rujuririrwa, mu buhamya bwe, SHUMBUSHO Moussa yavuze ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ari mu bantu bacuruza cocaïne, ko yabibwiwe na MUHIRE Mohamed alias Célibataire, umukozi w’uregwa uyimucururiza. KWIZERA Vincent de Paul, we, yavuze ko cocaïne acuruza ayiranguzwa na HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy. Mu buhamya bwe, UMUHIRE Assoumah yavuze ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy anywa akanacuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bwa cocaïne. UMWARI Chrystelle yavuze ko we n’umukobwa witwa Carole baguze buri wese na HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy udupaki tubiri (2) twa

## Page 10

cocaïne, ndetse ko hari igihe yaboherereje udupaki tubiri twa cocaïne bari Kabeza ku mukobwa w’inshuti ye witwa Sandra, wari wagize umunsi mukuru w’amavuko. [43] Ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa SHUMBUSHO Moussa, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 62 y’Itegeko n° 15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryavuzwe haruguru, budahabwa agaciro kuko ibyo yavuze mu Bugenzacyaha atari ibyo yiboneye ubwe, ahubwo ari ibyo yabwiwe na MUHIRE Mohamed alias Célibataire. Rurasanga kandi ibivugwa n’Ubushinjacyaha ko imvugo za SHUMBUSHO Moussa zigomba guhabwa agaciro kuko mu rubanza n° RPA 01620/2019/HC/KIG, Urukiko Rukuru rwazishingiyeho mu guhamya SIMBARE Hervé alias Mao icyaha cyo gucuruza cocaïne, bivuze ko izo mvugo ze zifite ubwizerwe, bitahabwa agaciro kuko mu rubanza rwa SIMBARE Hervé alias Mao, n’ubwo uyu yaburanye ku rwego rwa mbere ahakana icyaha cyo gucuruza cocaïne, ariko yaburanye yemera ko ayinywa, ko kandi yasanganwe udupfunyika cumi na tune (14) twayo, nyamara muri uru rubanza HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ahakana icyaha aregwa, kandi ntiyafatanwe cocaïne. Rurasanga na none MUHIRE Mohamed alias Célibataire, uvugwa ko yari umukozi wa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy, umucururiza ikiyobyabwenge cy’ubwoko bwa cocaïne, yaragizwe umwere mu manza n° RP 0806/2019/TGI/ NYGE na n° RPA 01862/2019/HC/KIG aho yaregwaga gutunda no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bwa cocaïne. [44] Ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa KWIZERA Vincent de Paul, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko-mvugo ye yo ku wa 25/4/2019, abazwa nk’ukekwaho gucuruza cocaïne, yavuze ko udupaki tune yafatanywe yaturanguye kwa Karim, ko ahandi ajya ayirangura ari kwa UWIMANA Wellars alias Wella, woherezaga uwitwa Sholai akayimuzanira no kwa Karim wayimuzaniraga ayikuye k’uwitwa Addy, ariko ko atazi aho atuye, ko aba boss bakuru azi bayiranguza ari UWIMANA Wellars alias Wella na Addy, kuko batemera ko babageraho mu buryo bworoshye kugira ngo batamenyekana. [45] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga isuzuma ry’imvugo ya KWIZERA Vincent de Paul, rigomba gufatwa nk’amakuru muri uru rubanza kuko yabajijwe mu Bugenzacyaha nk’umuntu ukekwaho icyaha, rigaragaza ko nta na rimwe HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy yigeze amugurisha mu buryo butaziguye cocaïne, ahubwo rigaragaza ko yayiguraga na Karim ngo nawe wayikuraga kwa Addy, ariko nta kimenyetso gishimangira ko koko cocaïne Karim yamuzaniraga yavaga kwa HABANABAKIZE Seleiman alias Addy. Rurasanga rero ibyavuzwe na KWIZERA Vincent de Paul kuri HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy bitafatwa nk’ikimenyetso kigaragaza ko acuruza cocaïne, cyane cyane ko muri uru rubanza atayifatanywe. [46] Ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa UMUHIRE Assoumah, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nk’uko bigaragara mu nyandiko-mvugo ye yo ku wa 3/5/2019 mu Bugenzacyaha, Umugenzacyaha yaramumenyesheje ko bafite amakuru ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy anywa kandi acuruza urumogi na cocaïne, nyuma yo kwemeza ko amuzi hashize imyaka icumi (10), nawe yemeza ko yabinywaga, kandi ko azi ko acuruza cocaïne, ko hari igihe nawe yayimuguriye, atumwe na ba clients, ko rimwe yaguze ipaki imwe ku mafaranga ibihumbi mirongo ine na bitanu (45.000 Frw). Rurasanga nk’uko byasobanuwe haruguru, usibye no kuba ubuhamya bwa UMUHIRE Assoumah budashimangirwa n’ibindi bimenyetso bigaragaza ko koko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy

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anywa cocaïne, ibyo avuga ko yamugurishije cocaïne bitahabwa agaciro muri uru rubanza, mu gihe uregwa atafanywe cocaïne, ngo ubuhamya bwe buze gushimangira ko ayicuruza. [47] Ku birebana n’ubuhamya bwa UMWARI Chrystelle, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga mu nyandiko-mvugo ye yo ku wa 3/5/2019, abazwa amakuru afite kuri HABANABAKIZE Seleiman alias Addy kuva bamenyanye, yasobanuye ko yaguze n’uregwa cocaïne kabiri, udupaki tubiri (2) ku mafaranga ibihumbi mirongo irindwi (70.000 Frw), ko kandi mu mwaka wa 2018, uregwa yagurishije umukobwa witwa Carole, bari kumwe, udupaki tune (4) twa cocaïne ku mafaranga ibihumbi ijana na makumyabiri (120.000 Frw) ku munsi umwe. Yavuze kandi ko uretse kuba yaragiye agura cocaïne n’uregwa, banayisangiraga. Rurasanga rero n’ubwo UMWARI Chrystelle yemeza ko uregwa acuruza cocaïne, ndetse banayisangiraga, ubuhamya bwe budahagije kugira ngo hemezwe ko ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kuyinywa no kuyicuruza mu gihe atayisanganywe cyangwa itafatiwe mu rugo iwe igihe yafatwaga ngo igaragazwe mu rubanza, ibi bikaba byanasobanuwe haruguru. [48] Hashingiwe ku byagaragajwe haruguru, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Urukiko Rukuru rutari gushingira ku mvugo z’abatangabuhamya bavuzwe haruguru, ngo rwemeze ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza cocaïne. [49] Kubera izo mpamvu zose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ifite ishingiro. Kumenya niba inyandiko-mvugo y’ibyo Ubugenzacyaha bwabonye (Procès- Verbal de constat) n’inyandiko-mvugo y’ifatira zateshwa agaciro kuko isaka ryakozwe mu rugo rw’uregwa ritubahirije ibiteganywa n’amategeko ku buryo atahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza urumogi [50] HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy na Me NSHIMIYIMANA Moubaraka bavuga ko muri Procès-verbal de constat yakozwe ku wa 30/4/2019, havugwamo ko babonye udupfunyika tubiri tw’urumogi, kandi ataribyo kuko batumweretse bamusanze kwa KABUGA aho bari bamujyanye ku wa 28/4/2019, bakimara kumufata nk’uko bigaragazwa na jeton yahawe yinjirayo kuri iyo tariki, ko bitumvikana rero ko yafashwe ku wa 28/4/2019, bakaza kumwereka urwo rumogi ku wa 30/4/2019, nyamara isaka ryakozwe iwe ku wa 28/4/2019. Bavuga kandi ko iyo Procès-verbal de constat itujuje ubuziranenge kuko yasinywe gusa n’uwayikoze, nyamara hateganyijweho ahasinywa n’uwafashwe, ndetse n’abatangabuhamya n’abayobozi, ibi bikaba binyuranyije n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 55, igika cya kane (4), y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. Basoza bongeraho ko isaka ryakozwe nta uruhushya rwo gusaka, hirengagijwe ibivugwa mu ngingo ya 60 n’iya 61 z’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru. [51] Ku bijyanye no kuba HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy atemera ibyafatiriwe, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko kuva mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, atigeze yemera icyaha yahamijwe, ariko kubera ibimenyetso bihagije byari bihari, kiramuhama, ko uretse no kuba yarabihakanaga gusa ariko atagaragaza ibimenyetso bivuguruza ibyashingiweho. [52] Ubushinjacyaha buvuga kandi ko Umugenzacyaha wagiye aho icyaha cyabereye, areba ibyo yahasanze akabisinyira, ko rero atahimbye iyo procès-verbal de constat, ikaba ikwiye guhabwa agaciro. Buvuga kandi ko butazi impamvu HABANABAKIZE Selaaiman alias Addy atashyize

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umukono kuri iyo inyandiko, ndetse n’impamvu abatangabuhamya batagaragaramo, ariko ko umukono w’Umugenzacyaha uhagije kugira ngo iyo nyandiko igire agaciro. [53] Ku birebana n’uruhushya rwo gusaka rutari ruhari, Ubushinjacyaha buvuga ko bidatuma ibyakozwe bitahabwa agaciro, hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 119 y’Itegeko n°15/2004 ryo ku wa 12/6/2004 ryerekeye ibimenyetso mu manza n’itangwa ryabyo, ko kandi hari n’igihe isakwa rishobora gukorwa nta ruhushya rwo gusaka ruhari, nk’uko biteganywa n’ingingo ya 55, igika cya kane (4), y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha. Busoza buvuga ko uko byagenda kose Umucamanza ariwe uha agaciro ibyo bimenyetso. UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [54] Kuri iki kibazo ni ngombwa kureba niba inyandiko-mvugo y’ifatira n’inyandiko-mvugo y’ibyo babonye (Procès-verbal de constat) yakozwe nyuma yo gusaka kwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy zateshwa agaciro kuko zitubahirije amategeko. [55] Ingingo ya 55, igika cya mbere (1), y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha iteganya ko ‘’ Umugenzacyaha mu gihe asanga ibimenyetso akeneye bigizwe n’impapuro, inyandiko n’ibindi bintu bibitswe n’ukekwaho icyaha cyangwa se undi wese, ashobora kujya gusaka aho biherereye yitwaje uruhushya rwo gusaka ahabwa n’Ubushinjacyaha’’. Igika cya kane (4) cy’iyo ingingo giteganya ko ‘’ Icyakora, iyo ukekwaho icyaha afatiwe mu cyuho cyangwa asa n’uwagifatiwemo, ibijyanye no kwitwaza uruhushya rw’isaka ku mugenzacyaha cyangwa kubahiriza amasaha y’isaka bishobora kutubahirizwa. Buri gihe isaka rikorwa hari abahagarariye ubuyobozi kw’inzego z’ibanze bw’aho icyo gikorwa kibera’’. [56] Ingingo ya 59 y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko ‘’ Inyandikomvugo y’ifatira irondora ibyafatiriwe kandi ishyirwaho umukono n’uwari ubifite n’abatangabuhanya iyo bahari. (…..)’’. [57] Ingingo ya 60 y’iryo Tegeko ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko ‘’ Umushinjacyaha cyangwa Umugenzacyaha wahawe ububasha bwo gusaka no kujya ahashobora kuboneka ibimenyetso, agomba kwerekana ikarita y’akazi igifite agaciro n’urupapuro rumuha uburenganzira bwo gukora iyo mirimo rushyizweho umukono n’umuyobozi ubifitiye ububasha. Kopi y’urwo rwandiko ihabwa ukekwaho icyaha iyo ahari na nyir’ahantu hagomba gusakwa’’. [58] Ingingo yaryo ya 61 iteganya ko ‘’ Urwandiko rwo gusaka ni icyemezo gitangwa n’Ubushinjacyaha bitangiwe uruhushya n’aba bakuriira: 1° Umushinjacyaha Mukuru, 2° Umushinjacyaha Mukuru rwa Gisirikare ku bireba abasirikare n’uwo bafatanyije icyaha, 3° Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Igihugu, 4°Umushinjacyaha uyobora Ubushinjacyaha ku rwego Rwisumbuye, 5° Umushinjacyaha ku rwego rw’Ibanze. (….)’’. [59] Ingingo ya 64 y’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru iteganya ko ‘’ Umushinjacyaha cyangwa Umugenzacyaha umaze gusura ahantu, gusaka no gufatira, abikorera inyandikomvugo, kopi yayo igahabwa abarebwa n’icyo gikorwa’’.

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[60] Isesengura ry’ibice bya 10, 17 na 19 by’urubanza rujuririrwa rigaragaza ko Urukiko Rukuru mu guca urubanza ku rwego rw’ubujurire rwashingiye by’umwihariko ku inyandiko-mvugo y’ifatira yakozwe n’Ubugenzacyaha ku wa 30/4/2019. [61] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga ibyagarajwe mu nyandiko-mvugo y’ifatira ari nabyo byagaragajwe mu nyandiko-mvugo y’ibyo Ubugenzacyaha bwabonye mu rugo rw’uregwa ku wa 30/4/2019. [62] Inyandiko-mvugo y’ibyo Ubugenzacyaha bwabonye ivuga iti: ‘’ Ku makuru twahawe avuga ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy acuruza cocaïne, twageze iwe aho atuye, turamusaka twamusanganye boules 2 z’urumogi, umunzani upima cocaïne, papier aluminium, ibinini bitemewe (caps), diazepam 7 pièces. (…..)’’. Isuzuma ry’ibiyivugwamo rigaragaza ko Ubugenzacyaha bwagiye iwe mu rugo gusaka bushakayo cyane cyane cocaïne kuko bwari bufite amakuru y’uko ayicuruza, ndetse akaba akoresha ibiyobyabwenge. [63] Isuzuma ry’ingingo za 55, 60 na 61 z’Itegeko n° 027/2019 ryo ku wa 19/9/2019 ryavuzwe haruguru ryumvikanisha ko mu rwego rwo kurinda kutavogerwa k’umutungo bwite4, uretse mu gihe ukekwaho icyaha afatiwe mu cyuho cyangwa asa n’uwagifatiwemo, nta saka rishobora gukorwa n’Umugenzacyaha mu gihe adafite urwandiko rwo gusaka cyangwa uruhushya rwo gusaka, yahawe n’Umushinjacyaha ubifitiye ububasha, kandi agomba kurugaragaza mbere yo gusaka, ndetse isaka rigakorerwa imbere y’ukekwaho icyaha, Ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bw’aho icyo gikorwa kibera buhari. Ryumvikanisha kandi ko mu gihe ryakozwe ku buryo ritubahirije ibisabwa n’Umushingamategeko, ni ukuvuga ibyagaragajwe hejuru, iryo saka n’inyandiko-mvugo zose zakozwe nyuma zigomba guteshwa agaciro. Ryumvikanisha na none ko mu gihe hari ibimenyetso byabonetse nyuma yo gukora isaka, uruhushya rwo gusaka rugomba kugaragazwa n’Ubushinjacyaha muri dosiye y’urubanza, bitaba ibyo isaka ryakozwe rigateshwa gaciro, kuko Umucamaza afite inshingano yo kugenzura ko isaka ryakozwe hakurikijwe amategeko, ndetse afite n’inshingano yo kurengera uburenganzira bw’ukekwaho icyaha bwo kwiregura5. [64] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga nta nyandiko y’uruhushya rwo gusaka yagaragajwe muri uru rubanza rwaba rwarahaye Ubugenzacyaha uburenganzira bwo kujya gusaka k’uregwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ku wa 30/4/2019, bivuze ko isaka Ubugenzacyaha bwakoze budafite uruhushya rw’Ubushinjacyaha rigomba guteshwa agaciro, ibi bituma n’inyandiko-mvugo zose zakozwe zishingiye ku byagaragaye igihe y’isaka ryakozwe nta gaciro zahabwa6 [65] Hashingiwe ku bisobanuro byatanzwe mu duce tubanziriza aka, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga mu guhamya HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza 4 Ingingo ya 34, igika cya kabiri (2) y’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo mu 2003 ryavuguruwe mu 2015 iteganya ko ‘’ Umutungo bwite, uw umuntu ku giti cye cyangwa uwo asangiye n abandi ntuvogerwa’’. ‟ ‟ 5 Le mandat de perquisition doit nécessairement figurer au dossier répressif sous peine d’invalider la perquisition en raison de l’impossibilité d’exercer le moindre contrôle de légalité et de porter atteinte aux droits de la défense’’, Michel Frachimont, Ann Jacobs et Adrien Masset, Manuel de procédure pénale, 4e édition, Larcier, Bruxelles, 2012, P. 522. 6 Rappelons que toute constatation ou saisie faite au cours d’une visite domiciliaire ou d’une perquisition illégale est frappée de nullité et entache de nullité la décision qui se fonde sur elle ou sur un élément obtenu ou révélé à la suite de pareille constatation’’, Bruxelles, 26 juin 1980,

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ibiyobyabwenge by’ubwoko bw’urumogi na cocaïne, Inkiko zabanje, cyane cyane Urukiko Rukuru, zitari gushingira ku nyandiko–mvugo zavuzwe haruguru kubera ko nta gaciro zifite. Rurasanga rero nta mpamvu yo gusubiza ku bindi bisobanuro byatanzwe n’ababuranyi. [66] Kubera izo mpamvu zose, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga iyi ngingo y’ubujurire bwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy ifite ishingiro, bityo urubanza rujuririrwa rugomba guhinduka ku ngingo zarwo zose hashingiwe ku mwanzuro w’uru Rukiko ku kibazo cya kabiri, cya gatatu n’icya kane byasuzumwe haruguru. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [67] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy bufite ishingiro. [68] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza n° RPA 00195/2020/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 5/4/2022 ihindutse kuri byose. [69] Rwemeje ko HABANABAKIZE Selaiman alias Addy adahamwa n’icyaha cyo kunywa no gucuruza ibyiyobyabwenge by’ubwoko bw’urumogi na cocaïne. [70] Rutegetse ko ahita arekurwa uru rubanza rukimara gusomwa. [71] Rutegetse ko amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.