HABINSHUTI N’UNDI v. HUNAN ROAD AND BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Ltd

# HABINSHUTI N’UNDI v. HUNAN ROAD AND BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Ltd

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-11-15 - Case/document no.: RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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HABINSHUTI N’UNDI v. HUNAN ROAD AND BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY Ltd [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA (Munyangeri, J. P., Ngagi na Kamere, J.) 15 Ugushyingo 2024] Amategeko agenga imiburanishirize y’imanza zisabirwa gusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane – Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane – Ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane – Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane ababuranyi bashyizeho umukono, akemura ikibazo bari bafitanye, agasoza urubanza rwari hagati yabo ndetse akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’abayagiranye. Incamake y’ikibazo: Habinshuti na Misago baregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge basaba guhabwa indishyi zitandukanye n’uwari umukoresha wabo ari we Hunan road and bridge construction company Ltd, kuko yabirukanye mu buryo budakurirkije amategeko. Bavuga ko bari abakozi bayo, Habinshuti atwara ikamyo naho Misago atwara ikamyo. Mu guca urubanza, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwemeje ko Habinshuti yirukanwe kubera impamvu zumvikana ariko bikorwa mu buryo budakurikije amategeko, naho Misago yirukanwa kubera ikosa rikomeye, ariko na we Umukoresha abikora bidakurikije amategeko, maze rubagenera zimwe mu ndishyi bari basabye. Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru inenga ko rwemeje ko Misago yamusezereye hatubahirijwe amasaha 48, nyamara yarakoze impanuka kubera ubusinzi agahita ahunga, bigatuma itabasha kumumenyesha. Kuri Habinshuti we yari yataye akazi ariko Urukiko rwemeza ko atahawe integuza. Misago nk’umwe mu barega yajuririye icyo cyemezo cy’Urukiko Rwisumbuye avuga ko rwemeje ntacyo rushingiyeho, ko yirukanwe kubera ikosa rikomeye, kuba rwaramugeneye zimwe mu ndishyi no kuba hari ibyo yaregeye ariko ntirwabisuzuma. Ubujurire bwombi bwahurijwe hamwe maze, Urukiko Rukuru ruca urubanza rwemeza ko Ubujurire bwa Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd bufite ishingiro, ko ubwa Misago nta shingiro bufite. Habinshuti na Misago basabye ko urwo rubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane maze barabyemererwa, ruburanishwa n’uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. Mu gihe cy’iburanisha, uru Rukiko rw’Ubujurire rwabanje gushishikariza ababuranyi bose gucyemura ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane barabyemera. Mbere bari bumvikanye ariko Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd iza kwisubiraho, bongera guhabwa itariki urubanza rwabo ruzaburanishirizwa. Ku munsi w’iburanisha, uru Rukiko rwongeye kumenyesha ababuranyi inyungu ziri mu kurangiza ikibazo bafitanye binyuze mu bwumvikane kandi ko rukurikije imiterere y'ikibazo bafitanye, byaba byiza bagikemuye mu bwumvikane barabyemera, bahabwa umwanya wo kongera kuganira. Ibiganiro byarangiye bemeye kurangiza ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane, bagira n’ibyo bemeranya mu masezerano bakoze ku wa 12/11/2024. Bityo, hasuzumwa ingaruka z’ayo masezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye hagati yabo ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA rwo gusubirishamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane urubanza rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru. Incamake y’icyemezo: Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane ababuranyi bashyizeho umukono, akemura ikibazo bari bafitanye, agasoza urubanza rwari hagati yabo ndetse akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’abayagiranye. Amasezerano y’ubwumvikane ashoje urubanza, kandi agomba kubahirizwa. Amagarama aherera ku isanduku ya Leta.

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Amategeko yashingiweho: Itegeko No 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, ingingo ya 26 n’iya 46. Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, ingingo 111. Itegeko No13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, Ingingo ya 29, iya 33, iya 35, iya 38 n’iya 57. Imanza zifashishijwe: RCAA 00001/2024/CA, De Bondt Aimé André na Candolfi Charlotte, rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/09/2024. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin bari abakozi ba Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd, Habinshuti Donatien atwara imashini naho Misago Augustin atwara ikamyo. Bavuga ko baje kwirukanwa mu kazi badahawe ibyo amategeko ateganya, bakaba babifata nk’abirukanywe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ari yo mpamvu baregeye Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge, basaba guhabwa indishyi zo kwirukanwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, indishyi zo kudahabwa integuza, imperekeza, ikiruhuko cy’umwaka, imisanzu ya RSSB itarishyuwe, kudahabwa icyemezo cy’imirimo bakoze, umushahara w’ukwezi kwa mbere/2019. Misago Augustin we yanongereyeho gusaba indishyi zikomoka ku mpanuka. [2] Uhagarariye Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd ntiyatanze umwanzuro wo kwiregura, mu gihe cy’iburanisha asaba Urukiko kuzasuzuma ibikubiye mu myanzuro y’abarega. [3] Mu rubanza RSOC00477/2019/TGI/NYGE CMB RSOC00102/2020/TGI/NYGE rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge ku wa 29/04/2021, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 29, iya 33, iya 35, iya 38 n’iya 57 z’Itegeko No 13/2009 ryo ku wa 27/05/2009 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, ku ngingo ya 26 n’iya 46 z’Itegeko No 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, ku ngingo ya 111 y’Itegeko No 22/2018 ryo ku wa 29/04/2018 ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, rwemeje ko: - ibirego rwashyikirijwe na Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin bifite ishingiro kuri bimwe; - Habinshuti Donatien yasezerewe ku kazi ku mpamvu zumvikana, ariko bikorwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; - Misago Augustin yasezerewe ku kazi ku mpamvu z’ikosa rikomeye, ariko bikorwa mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko; - Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd iha Habinshuti Donatien indishyi zingana n’amafaranga miliyoni imwe n’ibihumbi magana inani na mirongo itanu (1,850,000 Frw); - Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd iha Habinshuti Donatien amafaranga ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw) y’igihembo cya Avoka; - Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd iha MISAGO Augustin indishyi zingana n’amafaranga ibihumbi magana atandatu (600,000 Frw);

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- amafaranga abarega batanzeho ingwate barega aguma mu Isanduku ya Leta, Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd ikayabasubiza mu minsi umunani (8) urubanza rubaye itegeko. [4] Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwayo bwandikwa kuri RSOCA00161/2020/HC/KIG, inenga Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuba rwaremeje ko Misago Augustin yasezerewe mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko, ko hatubahirijwe amasaha 48, rwirengagije ko akimara gukora impanuka kubera ubusinzi yahise ahunga, bigatuma ataboneka ngo agire ibyo amenyeshwa, no kuba rwaremeje ko Habinshuti Donatien yagombaga guhabwa integuza, nyamara yari yarataye akazi. [5] Misago Augustin yajuririye urwo rubanza mu Rukiko Rukuru, ubujurire bwe bwandikwa kuri RSOCA00162/2020/HC/KIG, anenga Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Nyarugenge kuba rwaravuze ko yirukanywe ku kazi kubera ikosa rikomeye nta cyo rushingiyeho, kuba hari ibyo rwavuze ko atagomba guhabwa, no kuba hari ibibazo rutasuzumye. Imanza zombi zarahujwe maze ziburanishirizwa hamwe kuri RSOCA00161/2020/HC/KIG CMB RSOCA00162/2020/HC/KIG. [6] Mu rubanza RSOCA00161 CMB RSOCA00162/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/07/2022, urwo Rukiko rushingiye ku ngingo ya 26 y’Itegeko No 66/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 rigenga umurimo mu Rwanda, no ku nyandiko y’umuhanga mu mategeko Supiot A. Jeammaud mu gitabo cyitwa Droit du travail, Urukiko Rukuru rwemeje ko: - ubujurire bwa Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd bufite ishingiro, naho ubwa Misago Augustin nta shingiro bufite; - urubanza rwajuririwe rudahindutse kuri Habinshuti Donatien, akaba nta ndishyi Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd igomba kubaha bombi; - Habinshuti Donatien aha Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi na mirongo itanu (750,000Frw); - Misago Augustin aha Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd amafaranga ibihumbi magana arindwi na mirongo itanu (750,000Frw); - amafaranga y’ingwate y’amagarama yatanzwe mu bujurire ahwana n’ibyakozwe mu rubanza. [7] Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin bandikiye Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire basaba ko urubanza RSOCA00161 CMB RSOCA00162/2021/HC/KIG rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru ku wa 28/07/2022 rusubirishwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, uyu abikorera raporo Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, maze mu cyemezo nimero 028/CJ/2023 cyo ku wa 16/03/2023, yemeza ko rusubirwamo ku mpamvu z’akarengane, rukazaburanishwa n’Urukiko hrw’Ubujurire. Urwo rubanza rwanditswe kuri n˚ RS/INJUST/RSOC00009/2023/CA, maze nyuma y’imihango ntegurarubanza yose, hemezwa ko ruzaburanishwa ku wa 02/10/2024, uwo munsi ntirwaburanishwa kubera izindi gahunda z’Urukiko, iburanisha rishyirwa ku wa 04/11/2024. [8] Uwo munsi ababuranyi baritabye bose, Habinshuti Donatien yunganiwe na Me Musanabera Athanasie, Misago Donatien ahagarariwe na Me Musanabera Athanasie, Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd ihagarariwe na Me Intwazayamugabo Armand, Urukiko rushishikariza ababuranyi kurangiza ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane barabyemera, iburanisha rirasubikwa kugira ngo bajye mu biganiro byo kurangiza ikibazo mu bwumvikane, bamenyeshwa ko nibumvikana icyemezo kizasomwa ku wa 12/11/2024, ubwumvikane butashoboka iburanisha rigakomeza uwo munsi. Ababuranyi bamenyesheje Urukiko ko ubwumvikane butashobotse.

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[9] Ku wa 12/11/2024, ababuranyi bitabye Urukiko bose, Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin bunganiwe na Me Musanabera Athanasie, Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd ihagarariwe n’umuyobozi wayo Frank Shu yunganiwe na Me Intwazayamugabo Armand. Ababuranyi bamenyesheje Urukiko ko bari bumvikanye ariko Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yisubiraho. Urukiko rwongeye kumenyesha ababuranyi inyungu ziri mu kurangiza ikibazo bafitanye binyuze mu bwumvikane kandi ko rukurikije imiterere y'ikibazo bafitanye, byaba byiza bagikemuye mu bwumvikane barabyemera, bahabwa umwanya wo kongera kuganira. Ibiganiro byarangiye bemeye kurangiza ikibazo bafitanye mu bwumvikane, bagira n’ibyo bemeranya mu masezerano bakoze ku wa 12/11/2024. [10] Ikibazo kigiye gusuzumwa kirebana n’ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye hagati y’ababuranyi ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA 1. Kumenya ingaruka z’amasezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye hagati y’ababuranyi ku rubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire [11] Ikibazo nk’iki cyatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RCAA00001/2024/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 20/09/2024, haburana De Bondt Aimé André na Candolfi Charlotte. Muri urwo rubanza, ababuranyi bagiranye ibiganiro byo kurangiza ikibazo bari bafitanye mu bwumvikane, bakora inyandiko ikubiyemo ibyo bumvikanye, uru Rukiko rwanzura ko ayo masezerano y’ubwumvikane ababuranyi bashyizeho umukono, akemuye ikibazo bari bafitanye kandi ko asoje urubanza RCAA00001/2024/CA rwari hagati yabo ndetse akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’abayagiranye1. [12] No muri uru rubanza, Habinshuti Donatien, Misago Augustin na Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd bagiranye ibiganiro byo gukemura mu bwumvikane impaka bari bafitanye, maze nyuma y’ibiganiro, ku wa 12/11/2024 bemeranya ibikurikira: a. Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin bemeye kureka ikirego RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA; b. Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yemeye ko Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin bareka ikirego RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA; c. Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd Ltd yemeye ko nta cyo izishyuza Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin ku rubanza RSOCA00161-00162/2021/HC/KIG; d. Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yemeye kwishyura Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin, bose hamwe amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000Frw), ayo mafaranga akaba agomba kuba yashyizwe kuri konti zikurikira bitarenze ku wa 13/11/2024: - Habinshuti Donatien azashyirirwa 250,000Frw kuri konti ye 00259-06762781- 31 iri muri Bank of Kigali (BK); - Misago Augustin azashyirirwa 250,000Frw kuri konti ye 20087906001 iri muri I & M Bank; e. Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yemeye gutangira Misango Augustin imisanzu ya RSSB itamutangiye nk’uko bigaragara ku nyandiko y’imisanzu ya RSSB iri ku mugereka w’iyi nyandikomvugo; f. Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd yemeye guha Habinshuti Donatien na Misago Augustin, buri wese icyemezo cy’imirimo yakozwe (work certificate).

1 Urubanza RCAA00001/2024/CA rwo ku wa 20/09/2024, igika cya 12.

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[13] Kubera izo mpamvu, uru Rukiko rwemeje ko aya masezerano y’ubwumvikane yashyizweho umukono n’abagiranye ibiganiro ku wa 12/11/2024 bavuzwe haruguru, akemuye ikibazo bari bafitanye kandi akaba asoje urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire hagati ya Habinshuti Donatien, Misago Augustin na Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd kandi akaba agomba kubahirizwa n’impande zose zayashyizeho umukono. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [14] Rutegetse ko aya masezerano y’ubwumvikane yabaye ku wa 12/11/2024, hagati ya Habinshuti Donatien, Misago Augustin na Hunan Road and Bridge Construction Company Ltd, asoje urubanza RS/INJUST/RSOC00001/2023/CA rwari mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire kandi akaba agomba kubahirizwa. [15] Ruvuze ko amafaranga y’amagarama y’urubanza aherera ku Isanduku ya Leta.