UBUSHINJACYAHA vs HAKIZIMANA SHAFI

# UBUSHINJACYAHA vs HAKIZIMANA SHAFI

- Source: Amategeko - Section: Decisions (Judgements) - Date: 2024-12-19 - Case/document no.: RPAA 00015/2024/CA - Collection: Court of Appeal

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UBUSHINJACYAHA vs HAKIZIMANA SHAFI [Rwanda URUKIKO RW’UBUJURIRE – RPAA 00015/2024/CA (Tugireyezu P.J.) 19 Ukuboza 2024] Amategeko yerekeye imanza nshinjabyaha – Kugabanya igihano – Mu gihe uregwa yagabanyirijwe igihano bihagije ku rwego rwa mbere ntiyakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano ku rwego rw’ubujurire. Amategeko yerekeye imanza nshinjabyaha – Imirongo mu manza – Umurongo wari uriho ntushobora gukurikizwa mu gihe unyuranyije n’itegeko rishya. Incamake y’ikibazo: Uru rubanza rwatangiriye mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi, Ubushinjacyaha bukurikiranye uregwa ku cyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi nyuma yuko inzego za police zishinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda, zarimo zicunga umutekano w’ibinyabiziga mu gihe cya Covid-19, Moto yari ihetse uregwa, igeze muri metero 50 aho police yari ihagaze, moto yarahagaze uwo yari ihetse ashaka kwiruka, barayegera vuba, bahita bamufata, bamusatse mu gikapu yari afite basanga harimo udupfunyika 800 tw’urumogi, we n’uwari umuhetse barafatwa bahita bashyikirizwa inzego z’Ubugenzacyaha. Urwo Rukiko rwaciye urubanza rusanga hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko uregwa yakoze icyaha cyo gutunda urumogi agamije kurucuruza, ariko kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha, rumugabanyiriza igihano rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25 ans) n’ihazabu ingana n’amafaranga 20.500.000Frw. Uregwa ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajurira mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashindikanywaho ariko ntiyagabanyirizwa bihagije, asaba Urukiko rwajuririwe ko rwamugabanyiriza rukajya munsi y’igihano gito ku cyaha yakoze. Urwo Rukiko narwo rwaciye urubanza nuko rushingiye ku kuba ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko kandi akaba yaraburanye yemera icyaha rwongera kumugabanyiriza igihano, rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka icumi n’itanu (15 ans) n’ihazabu ingana na miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). Uregwa nanone yajuririye Urukiko Rw’Ubujurire asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano avuga ko mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi atagabanyirijwe ibihano ku buryo buhagije kandi yaremeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikikanywaho kandi akaba ari bwo bwa mbere yari ahanwe n’urukiko ndetse n’icyaha kikaba nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateye; agasaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano ndetse bikagezwa munsi y’ibihano bito biteganywa n’itegeko. Ubushinjacyaha bwo buburana buvuga ko uregwa yagabanyirijwe igihano ahabwa igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’itegeko rishya rya 2023, ko yahanishijwe imyaka 15 kandi akaba aricyo giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha cyahanishwaga igifungo cya burundu, bityo akaba atakongera kugabanyirizwa nk’uko byafashweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru rukiko. Incamake y’icyemezo: 1. Mu gihe uregwa yagabanyirijwe igihano bihagije ku rwego rwa mbere ntiyakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano ku rwego rw’ubujurire. 2. Umurongo wari uriho ntushobora gukurikizwa mu gihe unyuranyije n’itegeko rishya, bityo igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 Frw uregwa yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, nicyo gihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko ashobora guhabwa mu gihe agabanyirijwe, uru Rukiko rukaba rudashobora kukijya munsi. Amategeko yakoreshejwe: Ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko Nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko Nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange. Imanza zifashishijwe: Ubushinjacyaha vs. Havugimana Innocent, RPAA 0085/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/06/2011.

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Ubushinjacyaha vs. Rusesabagina n’abandi, RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 04 Mata 2022. Ubushinjacyaha vs. Bimenyimana, RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2022. Ubujurire nta shingiro bufite. Urubanza I. IMITERERE Y’URUBANZA [1] Ku wa 08/07/2020, ubwo inzego za police zishinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabiziga byo mu muhanda, zarimo zicunga umutekano w’ibinyabiziga mu gihe cya Covid-19, mu Mudugudu wa Trafipro, Akagari ka Bunyunju, Umurenge wa Kivumu, Akarere ka Rutsiro, Intara y’Iburengerazuba, hageze moto ya TVS 125 ifite Plaque RD 631N itwawe na Safari Bosco ahetse uwitwa Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric , bakigera muri metero 50 aho police yari ihagaze, moto yarahagaze uwo yari ihetse ashaka kwiruka, barayegera vuba, bahita bamufata, bamusatse mu gikapu yari afite basanga harimo udupfunyika 800 tw’urumogi, bombi barafatwa bahita bashyikirizwa inzego z’Ubugenzacyaha. [2] Iperereza rirangiye, Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze ikirego mu Rukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi bukurikiranyeho Hakizimana Shafi Alias Eric icyaha cyo gucuruza urumogi, bunasaba ko ahamwa n’icyo cyaha, agahanishwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu. [3] Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yiregura avuga ko yemera icyaha aregwa agasobanura ko urumogi yafatanwe yari yaruhawe n’undi muntu wari umutumye wari kumwishyura 35.000 Frw akarumugereza i Karongi. [4] Mu rubanza No RP 00342/2020/TGI/KNG, rwaciwe ku wa 30/11/2021021, Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi rwasanze hari ibimenyetso byemeza ko uregwa yakoze icyaha, birimo: - Imvugo y’uregwa yemeye icyaha; - Imvugo z’abatangabuhamya bamufatiye mu cyuho; - Inyandiko y’ifatira yashyizeho umukono yemera ko afatanwe udupfunyika 800 tw’urumogi. Urukiko rushingiye kuri ibyo bimenyetso, rwemeje ko Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric ahamwa n’icyaha cyo gutunda urumogi agamije kurucuruza, ariko kuko yaburanye yemera icyaha, rumugabanyiriza igihano rumuhanisha igifungo cy’imyaka makumyabiri n’itanu (25 ans) n’ihazabu ingana n’amafaranga 20.500.000 Frw. [5] Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric ntiyishimiye imikirize y’urubanza, ajuririra mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, avuga ko yaburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashindikanywaho ariko ntiyagabanyirizwa bihagije, asaba Urukiko rwajuririwe ko rwamugabanyiriza rukajya munsi y’igihano gito ku cyaha yakoze. [6] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha yaburanye avuga ko atagabanyirizwa kuko yahawe igihano gito agabanyirijwe hakurikije itegeko ryariho, busaba ko hagumaho icyemezo cyajuririwe kuko uregwa aterekana inenge cyangwa amakosa yakozwe muri urwo rubanza n’uburyo yakosorwa.

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[7] Mu rubanza No RPA 00455/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe ku wa 22/12/2023, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwasanze kuba Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric ari ubwa mbere akoze icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko kandi akaba yaraburanye yemera icyaha byashingirwaho yongera kugabanyirizwa igihano, maze ruhanisha Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka icumi n’itanu (15 ans) n’ihazabu ingana na miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw). [8] Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yajuririye imikirize y’urwo rubanza mu Rukiko rw’Ubujurire, urubanza ruhabwa nº RPAA 00015/2024/CA, iburanishwa rishyirwa ku wa 03/12/2024, Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yunganiwe na Me Nsengiyumva Antoine naho Ubushinjacyaha buhagarariwe na PN Ntawangundi Béatrice. [9] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire yabo, Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric n’umwunganira bavuga ko yajuriye asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi atagabanyirijwe ibihano ku buryo buhagije kandi yaremeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikikanywaho kandi akaba ari bwo bwa mbere yari ahanwe n’urukiko ndetse n’icyaha kikaba nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateye; agasaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano ndetse bikagezwa munsi y’ibihano bito biteganywa n’itegeko hashingiwe ku mirongo yatanzwe mu rubanza No RS/INCONST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2019, urubanza No RS/INCONST/SPEC 00005/2020/CS rwaciwe ku wa 12 Gashyantare 2020 n’urubanza rubanza No RPAA 00032/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2020 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzafashwanimana. [10] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yagabanyirijwe igihano ahabwa igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’itegeko rishya rya 2023, ko yahanishijwe imyaka 15 kandi akaba aricyo giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha cyahanishwaga igifungo cya burundu, bityo akaba atakongera kugabanyirizwa nk’uko byafashweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru rukiko. [11] Urukiko ruhereye kuri izo mpaka, rurasanga ikibazo gikwiye gusuzumwa muri uru rubanza ari icyo kumenya niba igihano Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa. II. ISESENGURA RY’IKIBAZO KIGIZE URUBANZA  Kumenya niba igihano Hakizimana Eric alias Shafi yahanishijwe cyakongera kugabanywa. [12] Mu mwanzuro w’ubujurire no mu miburanire yabo, Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric n’umwunganira bavuga ko yajuriye asaba kongera kugabanyirizwa ibihano kuko mu Rukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi atagabanyirijwe ibihaho ku buryo buhagije kandi yaremeye icyaha mu buryo budashidikikanywaho kandi akaba ari bwo bwa mbere yari ahanwe n’urukiko ndetse n’icyaha kikaba nta ngaruka zikomeye cyateye; agasaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano ndetse bikagezwa munsi y’ibihano bito biteganywa n’itegeko hashingiwe ku mirongo yatanzwe mu rubanza No RS/INCONST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 04/12/2019, n’urubanza rubanza No RPAA 00032/2019/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 28/02/2020 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Nzafashwanimana. [13] Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga ko Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yagabanyirijwe igihano ahabwa igihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’itegeko rishya rya 2023, ko yahanishijwe imyaka 15 kandi akaba aricyo giteganywa n’itegeko ku cyaha cyahanishwaga igifungo cya burundu, bityo akaba atakongera kugabanyirizwa nk’uko byafashweho umurongo mu manza zitandukanye zaciwe n’uru rukiko. [14] Ku birebana n’ibyo Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric n’umwunganira basaba ko yagabanyirizwa ibihano, agahanishwa ibihano biri munsi y’ibihano bito biteganywa n’itegeko, Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha avuga

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ko icyo cyifuzo cye kitashoboka kuko icyaha cyo gutunda ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi ubusanzwe gihanishwa igifungo cya burundu, bityo ibihano yahawe akaba ari byo bito bishoboka. [15] Ku birebana n’urubanza RS/INCONST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC n’urubanza No RPAA 00032/2019/CA, Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric n’umwunganira basaba ko zashingirwaho mu gutanga ibihano biri munsi y’ibihano bito biteganywa n’itegeko, Uhagarariye Ubushinjacyaha asobara ko nta shingiro bifite kuko urwo rubanza rwavanagaho inzitizi yabuzaga umucamanza kugena ibihano mu bwisanzure nk’uko byatanzweho umurongo mu rubanza RPAA 00367/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 22/12/2023 Ubushinjacyaha buburana na Twagirumukiza Innocent Réponse, aho mu gika cya 19, rwasobanuye ko ibirebana no kugabanya ibihano hashingiwe ku murongo wagiyeho mbere y’itegeko ririho, udashobora gukurikizwa mu gihe itegeko wari ushingiyeho ritagikoreshwa (cyangwa ryahinduwe). UKO URUKIKO RUBIBONA [16] Hakurikijwe ibivugwa n’ababuranyi, Urukiko rurasanga impaka muri uru rubanza zishingiye ku kumenya niba Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric atakongera kugabanyirizwa igihano kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije. [17] Ikibazo cyo kumenya niba uregwa atakongera kugabanyirizwa kuko yagabanyirijwe bihagije cyafashweho umurongo n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga1, mu rubanza no RPAA 0085/09/CS rwaciwe ku wa 17/06/2011, haburana Ubushunjacyaha na Havugimana Innocent, igika cya 6, ndetse n’uru Rukiko2. Muri izo manza, inkiko zasobanuye ko abaregwa badakwiye kongera kugabanyirizwa igihano hashingiwe ku kuba baragabanyirijwe igihano bihagije ku rwego rwa mbere. [18] Dosiye igaragaza ko Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yafatanwe udupfunyika tw’urumogi Magana inani (800), kuva agifatwa yemeye icyaha anagisabira imbabazi ku buryo budashidikanywaho. Nk’uko bigaragara mu rubanza no RPA 00455/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe ku wa 22/12/2023, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi, rushingiye kuri uko kwemera icyaha kwe no kuba ari ubwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha mu buryo buzwi, rwagabanyirije Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric igihano rumuvana ku gifungo cy’imyaka 25 n’ihazabu ingana na 20.500.000 Frw yari yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 n’ihazabu ya 5000.000 Frw. [19] Dosiye igaragaza kandi ko mu icibwa ry’urubanza no RPA 00455/2021/HC/RSZ rujuririrwa, Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi rwashingiye ku ngingo ya 2 agace ka a na d, y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura ingingo ya 60 y’itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange aho mu ngingo yaryo ya 2 (a) iteganya ko iyo umucamanza yemeje impamvu nyoroshyacyaha, ashobora kugabanya igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu ariko ntikijye munsi y’igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 (d) igateganya ko igihano cy’ihazabu gishobora kugabanywa kugeza kuri kimwe cya kane cy’igihano cy’ihazabu gito giteganyirijwe icyaha cyakozwe. [20] Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yaragabanyirijwe igihano Urukiko rumuvana ku gifungo cy’imyaka 25 yari yahawe n’Urukiko Rwisumbuye rwa Karongi rumuhanisha igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka 15 ndetse rugabanya n’ihazabu yahanishijwe ya 20.500.000 Frw ruyigeza kuri 5.000.000 Frw kubera ko aribwo bwa mbere akurikiranyweho icyaha kandi akaba yaraburanye yemera icyaha mu buryo budashidikanwaho, akagisabira imbabazi; rusanga kandi icyo gihano yahawe n’Urukiko Rukuru gikwiriye ugereranije n’uburemere bw’icyaha yahamijwe cyo gutunda agamije gucuruza mu

1 Reba urubanza no RPAA 0085/09/CS rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga ku wa 17/06/2011, haburana Ubushunjacyaha na Havugimana Innocent, igika cya 6 2 Reba urubanza N° RPA 00060/2021/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Rusesabagina Paul na bagenzi be, urupapuro rwa 91, igika cya 264

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Gihugu ibiyobyabwenge byo mu bwoko bw’urumogi, aho yafatanwe udupfunyika tw’urumogi magana inani (800). [21] Ku birebana n’imvugo za Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric n’umwunganira ko mu kumugabanyirizwa igihano hashingirwa ku manza RS/INCONST/SPEC 00003/2019/SC n’urubanza No RPAA 00032/2019/CA maze urukiko rukamuhanisha igihano kiri munsi y’igiteganywa n’itegeko, uru Rukiko rurasanga ibyo bavuga nta shingiro bifite kuko iyo mirongo bitsitsaho yagiyeho hashingiwe ku Itegeko ryo muri 2018 ryavuyeho/ryahinduwe ryemerera umucamanza kugabanya kugera munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko kandi nyamara mu gihe uru rubanza rwari rwacibwaga mu Rukiko Rukuru hari hariho Itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange ribuza umucamanza kugabanya igihano ngo kive kuri burundu kijye munsi y’igihano cy’imyaka 15, bityo rero iyo mirongo yari yarafashwe n’Inkiko yemereraga umucamanza kugabanya kugera munsi y’igihano gito giteganywa n’Itegeko ikaba itashingirwaho ahubwo hagomba kurebwa ibiteganywa n’itegko nk’uko byemejwe mu rubanza nº RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciwe ku wa 26/05/2022. Muri urwo rubanza, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rwagaragaje ko umurongo wari uriho udashobora gukurikizwa mu gihe unyuranyije n’itegeko rishya3. [22] Hashingiwe ku byasobanuwe haruguru n’ibiteganywa n’ingingo ya 2 y’itegeko nº 059/2023 ryo ku wa 04/12/2023 rihindura itegeko nº 68/2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, Urukiko rw’Ubujurire rurasanga igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ingana na 5.000.000 Frw Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yahanishijwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, aricyo gihano gito giteganywa n’itegeko ashobora guhabwa mu gihe agabanyirijwe, bityo uru Rukiko rukaba rudashobora kukijya munsi, ibyo bikaba byumvikana rero ko yagabanyirijwe ku buryo buhagije akaba atakongera kuganayirizwa. III. ICYEMEZO CY’URUKIKO [23] Rwemeje ko ubujurire bwa Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric nta shingiro; [24] Rwemeje ko imikirize y’urubanza n˚ No RPA 00455/2021/HC/RSZ rwaciwe n’Urukiko Rukuru, Urugereko rwa Rusizi ku wa 22/12/2023 idahindutse mu ngingo zarwo zose; [25] Rwemeje ko igihano cy’igifungo cy’imyaka cumi n’itanu (15) n’ihazabu ya miliyoni eshanu (5.000.000 Frw) Hakizimana Shafi alias Eric yahanishijwe mbere kigumyeho; [26] Ruvuze ko asonewe amagarama y'urubanza kuko aburana afunze.

3 Reba igika cyarwo cya 26 cy’urubanza RPAA 00048/2020/CA rwaciwe n’Urukiko rw’Ubujurire ku wa 26/05/2022 haburana Ubushinjacyaha na Bimenyimana